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Titles-Of-East-African-Traditional-Rulers ALEKSANDAR BAČKO TITLES OF EAST AFRICAN TRADITIONAL RULERS, ROYALTY, CHIEFS, NOBILITY AND CHIVALRY Editor Igor Mojsilović Published by Author Belgrade 2020. Titles of East African traditional rulers, royalty, chiefs, nobility and chivalry Author Aleksandar Bačko Editor Igor Mojsilović Published by Author All rights reserved by Author © 2020 Aleksandar Bačko ISBN 978-86-900216-4-2 Dedicated to His Majesty Rukirabasaija Agutamba Solomon Gafabusa Iguru I by The Grace of God, Omukama of The Kingdom of Bunyoro-Kitara, Ruler of Hoima, Masindi, Kibaale, Buliisa, Kiryandongo, Kagadi and Kakumiro, The Grandson of Kabalega, The Healer, The Orphan Protector, The Hater of Rebellion, The Lion of Bunyoro, The Hero of Bunyoro, The Hero of Kabalega, etc. etc. etc. – 49th Omukama of The Kingdom of Bunyoro-Kitara, 27th Omukama in The Babiito Dynasty - The Sovereign Head and Grand Master of The Royal Order of the Omujwaara Kondo and The Royal Order of the Engabu, The Sovereign Head, Grand Master and Protector of The Most Honourable Order of Omukama Chwa II Kabalega etc. etc. etc. INTRODUCTION Area of East Africa has rich and interesting history. In this book it will be presented overview of a number of titles of traditional rulers, royalty, chiefs, nobility and chivalry in area of contemporary: Uganda, South Sudan, Kenya, Tanzania and Burundi, countries in East Africa. This monography is partly based on Aleksandar Bačko’s book “Titles of Ugandan traditional rulers, royalty, chiefs, nobility and chivalry” (2017), as well as texts “Notes about certain East African titles” (2019) and “About the tenth anniversary of restoration and establishment of The Royal Orders of The Bunyoro-Kitara Kingdom (2020)”. There are traditional constituent Monarchies in East Africa (in the area of African Great Lakes), with status regulated in Constitution of contemporary Republic of Uganda. These Monarchies are: Bunyoro – Kitara, Buganda, Toro, Busoga and Rwenzururu. Significant number of traditional titles is recorded among former political entities, chiefdoms and ethnic groups in areas of nowadays Tanzania and Kenya. In following text are also mentioned some traditional titles, used on territories of contemporary East African countries Burundi and South Sudan. This list of titles of East African traditional rulers, royalty, chiefs, nobility and chivalry is certanly uncompleted. However, it represents modest contribution concerning question of traditional titles of area of East Africa, and we believe, that it will be useful in some further reasearch. Author Aleksandar Bačko 1st OEBKK HIS MAJESTY SOLOMON IGURU I OMUKAMA (KING) OF THE BUNYORO-KITARA KINGDOM His Majesty Rukirabasaija Agutamba Solomon Gafabusa Iguru I, Omukama (King) of Bunyoro-Kitara was born on June 18th 1948. King's Empaako, traditional alternative name used by family, is Amooti.1 Since July 24th 1993, Omukama (King) of Bunyoro- Kitara Kingdom is His Majesty Rukirabasaija Agutamba Solomon Gafabusa Iguru I. His Majesty is head of the Royal House of Babiito (49th Omukama of the Kingdom Bunyoro Kitara and 27th Omukama in the Babiito Dynasty).2 His Majesty Solomon Iguru I inherited throne from his father, His Majesty Sir Tito Winyi IV, previous Omukama of Bunyoro-Kitara Kingdom.3 Royal Ancestors of His Majesty Omukama Solomon Iguru I never renounced their rights, never abdicated The Bunyoro-Kitara Kingdom and never ceded sovereignty. They suffered exile, rather than capitulate and concede anything, they maintained their original royal status and sovereign rights. This is very significant as His Majesty is not simply a constitutional king. He is also the heir to a dynasty that has kept all its ancient rights intact.4 His Majesty Omukama Solomon Iguru I is officially recognized and protected by the Constitution of the Republic of Uganda. By the Supreme Court of Uganda, His Majesty Omukama Solomon Iguru I is specifically recognized as the rightful King of Bunyoro-Kitara. Similar to most of other reigning 1 Wikipedia, Solomon Iguru I (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solomon_Iguru_I). 2 Bunyoro-Kitara, Omukama; Beattie, Bunyoro, 25 - 35; Low, 276; Mwakikagile, Uganda, 92; Jorgensen, 44, 258; Economic…, 62; Bunyoro Kitara Kingdom – General Information, 6; Wikipedia, Omukama (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omukama); Wikipedia, Omukama of Bunyoro (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omukama_of_Bunyoro); Wikipedia, List of current constituent African monarchs; World statesmen, Uganda. 3 Wikipedia, Solomon Iguru I. 4 Bunyoro-Kitara, Omukama. monarchs, the traditional kings in Republic of Uganda currently serve as "cultural figures" or "traditional leaders" and are barred from engaging in politics.5 In Constitution of the Republic of Uganda is specified role of traditional or cultural leader. Where a traditional leader or cultural leader exists in a region the traditional or cultural leader shall be the titular head of the regional government. He also shall be the titular head of the regional assembly and shall open, address and close the sessions of the regional assembly, as well as enjoy other benefits and privileges.6 Royal Palace of Omukama of Bunyoro-Kitara Kingdom, called Karuziika Palace, is located in Hoima. As a cultural head, the King is assisted by his Principal Private Secretary, a Cabinet of 21 Ministers and a Orukurato (Parliament).7 Full royal title of His Majesty Rukirabasaija Agutamba Solomon Gafabusa Iguru I is: by The Grace of God, Omukama of The Kingdom of Bunyoro-Kitara, Ruler of Hoima, Masindi, Kibaale, Buliisa, Kiryandongo, Kagadi and Kakumiro, The Grandson of Kabalega, The Healer, The Orphan Protector, The Hater of Rebellion, The Lion of Bunyoro, The Hero of Bunyoro, th The Hero of Kabalega, etc. etc. etc. – 49 Omukama of The Kingdom of Bunyoro-Kitara, 27th Omukama in The Babiito Dynasty - The Sovereign Head and Grand Master of The Royal Order of the Omujwaara Kondo and The Royal Order of the Engabu, The Sovereign Head, Grand Master and Protector of The Most Honourable Order of Omukama Chwa II Kabalega etc. etc. etc.8 5 Bunyoro-Kitara, Omukama; Bunyoro Kitara Kingdom – General Information, 6; Wikipedia, Omukama (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omukama); Wikipedia, Omukama of Bunyoro (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omukama_of_Bunyoro); Wikipedia, List of current constituent African monarchs. 6 Bunyoro-Kitara, Omukama; Wikipedia, Omukama of Bunyoro. 7 Wikipedia, Omukama of Bunyoro. 8 Bunyoro-Kitara, Omukama. Every year an Empago ceremony is held celebrating Omukama (King) and Kingdom of Bunyoro-Kitara. The celebration is held at the Royal Palace and all the Banyoro people (people of Kingdom of Bunyoro-Kitara) are invited to join. During this ceremony the King also beats the Royal Drums as a sign of his power and as a mean of signaling the people. The celebration contains singing, dancing, music and other activities.9 In recent years, His Majesty Solomon Iguru I has significantly promoted and developed the Kingdom of Bunyoro- Kitara, such as establishing the institution of the Association of the Representatives of Bunyoro-Kitara (ARKBK).10 9 Wikipedia, Omukama of Bunyoro. 10 Wikipedia, Solomon Iguru I. PARTIAL ALPHABETICAL LIST OF THE TITLES OF EAST AFRICAN TRADITIONAL RULERS, ROYALTY, CHIEFS, NOBILITY AND CHIVALRY Aanaangwa – See: Umwaanaangwa. Ababiito – See: Omubiito. Abagomborozi Traditional title of the Sub-County Chiefs. This title was used in Bunyoro-Kitara Kingdom (Uganda) in the past, and it is still used today. This is also a title of second–level Representatives of Bunyoro-Kitara Kingdom in other countries, in charge of several provinces/departments. Abagomborozi is plural of this title, and Omugomborozi is singular. This title is mentioned in Constitution of Republic of Uganda, writen in 1966. Higher is title of County Chiefs (Abamasaza), and lower is title of Parish Chiefs (Abemiruka). Abagomborozi are appointed by Omukama (King) of Bunyoro-Kitara. See also: Chief.11 Abajwaara Kondo – See: Royal Order of the Omujwaara Kondo. Abakama – See: Omukama. Abakungu – See: Royal Order of the Engabu. 11 John Beattie, Bunyoro, An African Kingdom, Case studies in Cultural Anthropology (further: Beattie, Bunyoro), 41; Bunyoro Kitara Kingdom – General Information (http://www.scribd.com/doc/123236020/2013-Bunyoro- Kitara-Kingdom-General-Information), 3; Bunyoro-Kitara (http://www.bunyoro- kitara.org/); ARKBK Representations (http://www.arkbk-clbg.org/5.html); ARKBK Bunyoro-Kitara (http://www.arkbk-clbg.org/11.html); ARKBK Structure (http://www.arkbk-clbg.org/4.html); The Constitution of Uganda, 15th April, 1966, 138 – 139; Laws of Uganda, Volume 1, 177 – 178; Statutory instruments, Part III, 1962, 2868; The Uganda independence order in Council 1962, 124. Abakyala Style of principal consorts of the Kabaka (King) of Buganda Kingdom, located in nowadays Uganda. Abakyala means Lady.12 Abalangira Abalangira (Balangira) is title of male members of the Royal Clan, princes, in Kingdom of Buganda (in contemporary Uganda). It is mentioned in literature, that “not all the Abalangira... are eligible for Kingship. Only the Abalangira/Bambeja ba Mujaguzo (Princes and Princesses of the Drum) are eligible for Kingship. Abalangira/Abambeja 13 b'Omutuba are not eligible”. See also: Bambeja. Abalangira ba Mujaguzo – See: Abalangira. Abalangira b'Omutuba – See: Abalangira. Abamasaza Abamasaza is plural of traditional title of the County Chiefs. It is used in Bunyoro-Kitara Kingdom, and Buganda Kingdom (Uganda). Term “saza” means “county”. In Bunyoro- Kitara Kingdom, Abamasaza are appointed by Omukama 12 Brian Edmond Renshaw
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