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EXPLORING NEW ASYMMETRIC REACTIONS CATALYSED by DICATIONIC Pd(II) COMPLEXES
EXPLORING NEW ASYMMETRIC REACTIONS CATALYSED BY DICATIONIC Pd(II) COMPLEXES A DISSERTATION FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY FROM IMPERIAL COLLEGE LONDON BY ALEXANDER SMITH MAY 2010 DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY IMPERIAL COLLEGE LONDON DECLARATION I confirm that this report is my own work and where reference is made to other research this is referenced in text. ……………………………………………………………………… Copyright Notice Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine Department Of Chemistry Exploring new asymmetric reactions catalysed by dicationic Pd(II) complexes © 2010 Alexander Smith [email protected] This publication may be distributed freely in its entirety and in its original form without the consent of the copyright owner. Use of this material in any other published works must be appropriately referenced, and, if necessary, permission sought from the copyright owner. Published by: Alexander Smith Department of Chemistry Imperial College London South Kensington campus, London, SW7 2AZ UK www.imperial.ac.uk ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I wish to thank my supervisor, Dr Mimi Hii, for her support throughout my PhD, without which this project could not have existed. Mimi’s passion for research and boundless optimism have been crucial, turning failures into learning curves, and ultimately leading this project to success. She has always been able to spare the time to advise me and provide fresh ideas, and I am grateful for this patience, generosity and support. In addition, Mimi’s open-minded and multi-disciplinary approach to chemistry has allowed the project to develop in new and unexpected directions, and has fundamentally changed my attitude to chemistry. I would like to express my gratitude to Dr Denis Billen from Pfizer, who also provided a much needed dose of optimism and enthusiasm in the early stages of the project, and managed to arrange my three month placement at Pfizer despite moving to the US as the department closed. -
Historical Group
Historical Group NEWSLETTER and SUMMARY OF PAPERS No. 64 Summer 2013 Registered Charity No. 207890 COMMITTEE Chairman: Prof A T Dronsfield | Prof J Betteridge (Twickenham, 4, Harpole Close, Swanwick, Derbyshire, | Middlesex) DE55 1EW | Dr N G Coley (Open University) [e-mail [email protected]] | Dr C J Cooksey (Watford, Secretary: Prof. J. W. Nicholson | Hertfordshire) School of Sport, Health and Applied Science, | Prof E Homburg (University of St Mary's University College, Waldegrave | Maastricht) Road, Twickenham, Middlesex, TW1 4SX | Prof F James (Royal Institution) [e-mail: [email protected]] | Dr D Leaback (Biolink Technology) Membership Prof W P Griffith | Dr P J T Morris (Science Museum) Secretary: Department of Chemistry, Imperial College, | Mr P N Reed (Steensbridge, South Kensington, London, SW7 2AZ | Herefordshire) [e-mail [email protected]] | Dr V Quirke (Oxford Brookes Treasurer: Dr J A Hudson | University) Graythwaite, Loweswater, Cockermouth, | Prof. H. Rzepa (Imperial College) Cumbria, CA13 0SU | Dr. A Sella (University College) [e-mail [email protected]] Newsletter Dr A Simmons Editor Epsom Lodge, La Grande Route de St Jean, St John, Jersey, JE3 4FL [e-mail [email protected]] Newsletter Dr G P Moss Production: School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS [e-mail [email protected]] http://www.chem.qmul.ac.uk/rschg/ http://www.rsc.org/membership/networking/interestgroups/historical/index.asp 1 RSC Historical Group Newsletter No. 64 Summer 2013 Contents From the Editor 2 Obituaries 3 Professor Colin Russell (1928-2013) Peter J.T. -
Synthesis and Applications of Derivatives of 1,7-Diazaspiro[5.5
Synthesis and Applications of Derivatives of 1,7-Diazaspiro[5.5]undecane. A Thesis Submitted by Joshua J. P. Almond-Thynne In partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Chemistry Imperial College London South Kensington London, SW7 2AZ October 2017 1 Declaration of Originality I, Joshua Almond-Thynne, certify that the research described in this manuscript was carried out under the supervision of Professor Anthony G. M. Barrett, Imperial College London and Doctor Anastasios Polyzos, CSIRO, Australia. Except where specific reference is made to the contrary, it is original work produced by the author and neither the whole nor any part had been submitted before for a degree in any other institution Joshua Almond-Thynne October 2017 Copyright Declaration The copyright of this thesis rests with the author and is made available under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives licence. Researchers are free to copy, distribute or transmit the thesis on the condition that they attribute it, that they do not use it for commercial purposes and that they do not alter, transform or build upon it. For any reuse or redistribution, researchers must make clear to others the licence terms of this work. 2 Abstract Spiroaminals are an understudied class of heterocycle. Recently, the Barrett group reported a relatively mild approach to the most simple form of spiroaminal; 1,7-diazaspiro[5.5]undecane (I).i This thesis consists of the development of novel synthetic methodologies towards the spiroaminal moiety. The first part of this thesis focuses on the synthesis of aliphatic derivatives of I through a variety of methods from the classic Barrett approach which utilises lactam II, through to de novo bidirectional approaches which utilise diphosphate V and a key Horner-Wadsworth- Emmons reaction with aldehyde VI. -
Milestones and Personalities in Science and Technology
History of Science Stories and anecdotes about famous – and not-so-famous – milestones and personalities in science and technology BUILDING BETTER SCIENCE AGILENT AND YOU For teaching purpose only December 19, 2016 © Agilent Technologies, Inc. 2016 1 Agilent Technologies is committed to the educational community and is willing to provide access to company-owned material contained herein. This slide set is created by Agilent Technologies. The usage of the slides is limited to teaching purpose only. These materials and the information contained herein are accepted “as is” and Agilent makes no representations or warranties of any kind with respect to the materials and disclaims any responsibility for them as may be used or reproduced by you. Agilent will not be liable for any damages resulting from or in connection with your use, copying or disclosure of the materials contained herein. You agree to indemnify and hold Agilent harmless for any claims incurred by Agilent as a result of your use or reproduction of these materials. In case pictures, sketches or drawings should be used for any other purpose please contact Agilent Technologies a priori. For teaching purpose only December 19, 2016 © Agilent Technologies, Inc. 2016 2 Table of Contents The Father of Modern Chemistry The Man Who Discovered Vitamin C Tags: Antoine-Laurent de Lavoisier, chemical nomenclature Tags: Albert Szent-Györgyi, L-ascorbic acid He Discovered an Entire Area of the Periodic Table The Discovery of Insulin Tags: Sir William Ramsay, noble gas Tags: Frederick Banting, -
RSC Branding
Royal Society of Chemistry National Chemical Landmarks Award Honouree Location Inscription Date The Institute of Cancer Research, Chester ICR scientists on this site and elsewhere pioneered numerous new cancer drugs from 10 Institute of Cancer Beatty Laboratories, 237 the 1950s until the present day – including the discovery of chemotherapy drug December Research Fulham Road, Chelsea carboplatin, prostate cancer drug abiraterone and the genetic targeting of olaparib for 2018 Road, London, SW3 ovarian and breast cancer. 6JB, UK The Institute of Cancer ICR scientists on this site and elsewhere pioneered numerous new cancer drugs from 10 Research, Royal Institute of Cancer the 1950s until the present day – including the discovery of chemotherapy drug December Marsden Hospital, 15 Research carboplatin, prostate cancer drug abiraterone and the genetic targeting of olaparib for 2018 Cotswold Road, Sutton, ovarian and breast cancer. London, SM2 5NG, UK Ape and Apple, 28-30 John Dalton Street was opened in 1846 by Manchester Corporation in honour of 26 October John Dalton Street, famous chemist, John Dalton, who in Manchester in 1803 developed the Atomic John Dalton 2016 Manchester, M2 6HQ, Theory which became the foundation of modern chemistry. President of Manchester UK Literary and Philosophical Society 1816-1844. Chemical structure of Near this site in 1903, James Colquhoun Irvine, Thomas Purdie and their team found 30 College Gate, North simple sugars, James a way to understand the chemical structure of simple sugars like glucose and lactose. September Street, St Andrews, Fife, Colquhoun Irvine and Over the next 18 years this allowed them to lay the foundations of modern 2016 KY16 9AJ, UK Thomas Purdie carbohydrate chemistry, with implications for medicine, nutrition and biochemistry. -
NATURE 591 ACOUSTICAL QUANTA and the Zontalline at the 'Epoch' T
No. 4044 May 3, 1947 NATURE 591 ACOUSTICAL QUANTA AND THE zontalline at the 'epoch' t. These are extreme cases. In general, signals cannot be represented by lines ; THEORY OF HEARING but it is possible to associate with them a certain characteristic rectangle or 'cell' by the following By DR. D. GABOR process, which at first sight might perhaps appear British Thomson-Houston Co. Research Laboratory, Rugby somewhat complicated. Consider a given signal described as s(t) in 'time N popular expositions of wave mechanics, acoustical language' and by its Fourier transform S(f) in I illustrations have been used by several authors, 'frequency language'. If s(f) is real, S(j) will be in with particular success by Lande1 • In a recent paper general complex, and the spectrum will extend over on the "Theory of Communication"• I have taken both ppsitive and negative frequencies. This creates the opposite course. Acoustical phenomena are dis an unwelcome asymmetry between the two repre cussed by mathematical methods closely related to sentations, which can be eliminated by operating those of quantum theory. While in physical acoustics with a complex signal ljl(t) = s(t) + icr(t), where cr(t) a new formal approach to old problems cannot be is the Hilbert transform of s(t), instead of with the expected to reveal much that is not already known, real signals(t). This choice makes the Fourier trans the position in subjective acoustics is rather different. form 'P(f) of ljl(t) zero for all negative frequencies. In fact, the new methods have already proved their Next we define the 'energy density' of the signal as heuristic value, and can be expected to throw more ljlljl*, where the asterisk denotes the conjugate com light on the theory of hearing. -
Steve Rotheram
All Party Parliamentary Light Rail Group House of Commons London SW1A 0AA Ref: LR Applrg Winter 09 v.1 Light Rail & Trams, Affordable & Sustainable Transport Steve Rotheram Constituency Liverpool Walton Party Labour Address as Mr Rotheram Contact details Westminster House of Commons, London, SW1A 0AA Tel: 020 7219 3000 [email protected] Constituency 69-71 County Road, Walton, Liverpool, L4 3QD Tel: 0151-525 5025 [email protected] 1 This meeting by invitation only, where MPs, Secretariat provided by Stakeholders etc., within the Light Rail industry and Light Rail (UK) Ltd invited members of the Public will have a chance to Warrington, Cheshire, England, discuss debate and raise questions concerning Light Rail. United Kingdom WA2 8TX Tel 01925 243500, Fax 01925 243000, 07721378223 Supported by Mr Jim Harkins FCILT Email [email protected] www.lightrailuk.com All Party Parliamentary Light Rail Group House of Commons London SW1A 0AA Ref: LR Applrg Winter 09 v.1 Light Rail & Trams, Affordable & Sustainable Transport Biography Councils, public bodies Councillor, Liverpool City Council 2002-; Former Lord Mayor of Liverpool Party groups Member, Association of Labour Councillors Electoral history Member for Liverpool Walton since 6 May 2010 general election General Election 2010 - Liverpool Walton Name Party Votes % Rotheram, Steve Lab 24709 71.96% Moloney, Patrick Lib Dem 4891 14.24% Marsden, Adam Con 2241 6.53% Stafford, Peter BNP 1104 3.22% Nugent, Joseph UKIP 898 2.62% Manwell, John CPA 297 0.87% Ireland, Daren TUSC 195 0.57% Majority 19818 57% Turnout 34335 54% Electorate 62612 Result Lab Hold (1% from Lib Dem to Lab) 2 This meeting by invitation only, where MPs, Secretariat provided by Stakeholders etc., within the Light Rail industry and Light Rail (UK) Ltd invited members of the Public will have a chance to Warrington, Cheshire, England, discuss debate and raise questions concerning Light Rail. -
Robert Burns Woodward
The Life and Achievements of Robert Burns Woodward Long Literature Seminar July 13, 2009 Erika A. Crane “The structure known, but not yet accessible by synthesis, is to the chemist what the unclimbed mountain, the uncharted sea, the untilled field, the unreached planet, are to other men. The achievement of the objective in itself cannot but thrill all chemists, who even before they know the details of the journey can apprehend from their own experience the joys and elations, the disappointments and false hopes, the obstacles overcome, the frustrations subdued, which they experienced who traversed a road to the goal. The unique challenge which chemical synthesis provides for the creative imagination and the skilled hand ensures that it will endure as long as men write books, paint pictures, and fashion things which are beautiful, or practical, or both.” “Art and Science in the Synthesis of Organic Compounds: Retrospect and Prospect,” in Pointers and Pathways in Research (Bombay:CIBA of India, 1963). Robert Burns Woodward • Graduated from MIT with his Ph.D. in chemistry at the age of 20 Woodward taught by example and captivated • A tenured professor at Harvard by the age of 29 the young... “Woodward largely taught principles and values. He showed us by • Published 196 papers before his death at age example and precept that if anything is worth 62 doing, it should be done intelligently, intensely • Received 24 honorary degrees and passionately.” • Received 26 medals & awards including the -Daniel Kemp National Medal of Science in 1964, the Nobel Prize in 1965, and he was one of the first recipients of the Arthur C. -
St Catherine's College Oxford
MESSAGES The Year St Catherine’s College . Oxford 2013 ST CATHERINE’S COLLEGE 2013/75 MESSAGES Master and Fellows 2013 MASTER Susan C Cooper, MA (BA Richard M Berry, MA, DPhil Bart B van Es (BA, MPhil, Angela B Brueggemann, Gordon Gancz, BM BCh, MA Collby Maine, PhD California) Tutor in Physics PhD Camb) DPhil (BSc St Olaf, MSc Fellow by Special Election Professor Roger W Professor of Experimental Reader in Condensed Tutor in English Iowa) College Doctor Ainsworth, MA, DPhil, Physics Matter Physics Senior Tutor Fellow by Special Election in FRAeS Biological Sciences Geneviève A D M Peter R Franklin, MA (BA, Ashok I Handa, MA (MB BS Tommaso Pizzari, MA (BSc Wellcome Trust Career Helleringer (Maîtrise FELLOWS DPhil York) Lond), FRCS Aberd, PhD Shef) Development Fellow ESSEC, JD Columbia, Maîtrise Tutor in Music Fellow by Special Election in Tutor in Zoology Sciences Po, Maîtrise, Richard J Parish, MA, DPhil Professor of Music Medicine James E Thomson, MChem, Doctorat Paris-I Panthéon- (BA Newc) Reader in Surgery Byron W Byrne, MA, DPhil DPhil Sorbonne, Maîtrise Paris-II Tutor in French John Charles Smith, MA Tutor for Graduates (BCom, BEng Western Fellow by Special Election in Panthéon-Assas) Philip Spencer Fellow Tutor in French Linguistics Australia) Chemistry Fellow by Special Election Professor of French President of the Senior James L Bennett, MA (BA Tutor in Engineering Science in Law (Leave H14) Common Room Reading) Tutor for Admissions Andrew J Bunker, MA, DPhil Leverhulme Trust Early Fellow by Special Election Tutor in Physics -
Wealthy Business Families in Glasgow and Liverpool, 1870-1930 a DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO
NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY In Trade: Wealthy Business Families in Glasgow and Liverpool, 1870-1930 A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS for the degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Field of History By Emma Goldsmith EVANSTON, ILLINOIS December 2017 2 Abstract This dissertation provides an account of the richest people in Glasgow and Liverpool at the end of the nineteenth and beginning of the twentieth centuries. It focuses on those in shipping, trade, and shipbuilding, who had global interests and amassed large fortunes. It examines the transition away from family business as managers took over, family successions altered, office spaces changed, and new business trips took hold. At the same time, the family itself underwent a shift away from endogamy as young people, particularly women, rebelled against the old way of arranging marriages. This dissertation addresses questions about gentrification, suburbanization, and the decline of civic leadership. It challenges the notion that businessmen aspired to become aristocrats. It follows family businessmen through the First World War, which upset their notions of efficiency, businesslike behaviour, and free trade, to the painful interwar years. This group, once proud leaders of Liverpool and Glasgow, assimilated into the national upper-middle class. This dissertation is rooted in the family papers left behind by these families, and follows their experiences of these turbulent and eventful years. 3 Acknowledgements This work would not have been possible without the advising of Deborah Cohen. Her inexhaustible willingness to comment on my writing and improve my ideas has shaped every part of this dissertation, and I owe her many thanks. -
Guides to the Royal Institution of Great Britain: 1 HISTORY
Guides to the Royal Institution of Great Britain: 1 HISTORY Theo James presenting a bouquet to HM The Queen on the occasion of her bicentenary visit, 7 December 1999. by Frank A.J.L. James The Director, Susan Greenfield, looks on Front page: Façade of the Royal Institution added in 1837. Watercolour by T.H. Shepherd or more than two hundred years the Royal Institution of Great The Royal Institution was founded at a meeting on 7 March 1799 at FBritain has been at the centre of scientific research and the the Soho Square house of the President of the Royal Society, Joseph popularisation of science in this country. Within its walls some of the Banks (1743-1820). A list of fifty-eight names was read of gentlemen major scientific discoveries of the last two centuries have been made. who had agreed to contribute fifty guineas each to be a Proprietor of Chemists and physicists - such as Humphry Davy, Michael Faraday, a new John Tyndall, James Dewar, Lord Rayleigh, William Henry Bragg, INSTITUTION FOR DIFFUSING THE KNOWLEDGE, AND FACILITATING Henry Dale, Eric Rideal, William Lawrence Bragg and George Porter THE GENERAL INTRODUCTION, OF USEFUL MECHANICAL - carried out much of their major research here. The technological INVENTIONS AND IMPROVEMENTS; AND FOR TEACHING, BY COURSES applications of some of this research has transformed the way we OF PHILOSOPHICAL LECTURES AND EXPERIMENTS, THE APPLICATION live. Furthermore, most of these scientists were first rate OF SCIENCE TO THE COMMON PURPOSES OF LIFE. communicators who were able to inspire their audiences with an appreciation of science. -
Liverpool Historic Settlement Study
Liverpool Historic Settlement Study Merseyside Historic Characterisation Project December 2011 Merseyside Historic Characterisation Project Museum of Liverpool Pier Head Liverpool L3 1DG © Trustees of National Museums Liverpool and English Heritage 2011 Contents Introduction to Historic Settlement Study..................................................................1 Aigburth....................................................................................................................4 Allerton.....................................................................................................................7 Anfield.................................................................................................................... 10 Broadgreen ............................................................................................................ 12 Childwall................................................................................................................. 14 Clubmoor ............................................................................................................... 16 Croxteth Park ......................................................................................................... 18 Dovecot.................................................................................................................. 20 Everton................................................................................................................... 22 Fairfield .................................................................................................................