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Guru-In-Sikhism.Pdf Guru in Sikhism Lesson D Ajmel Singh Topics • Definitions • Historical Background • Concept of Guru • Present Guru: Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji – Structure – Contents – Reality Definitions Guru: Guru = Gu+Ru Gu means darkness (ignorance) Ru means Light (knowledge/enlightenment) Thus the Guru means light that dispels darkness (i.e. enlightenment that dispels ignorance) Shabad Guru: The Word, which is the source of knowledge that dispels ignorance Satguru: The true Guru. The true enlightenment that dispels ignorance True/Truth: That which never changes with time (Past, Present, & Future has no effect); Real Sikh Guru Jis Historical Background Name Birth Gurtaa Joti Jot Guru Nanak Dev Ji 1469 1469 1539 Guru Angad Dev Ji 1504 1539 1552 Guru Amar Das Ji 1479 1552 1574 Guru Ram Das Ji 1534 1574 1581 Guru Arjan Dev Ji 1563 1581 1606 Guru Hargobind Ji 1595 1606 1644 Guru Har Rai Ji 1630 1644 1661 Guru Har Krishan Ji 1656 1661 1664 Guru Teg Bahadur Ji 1621 1664 1675 Guru Gobind Singh Ji 1666 1675 1708 Guru Granth Sahib Ji 1599-1604 1708 Eternal Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Historical Background Present Guru • October 1708 Guru Gobind Singh Jee Joti-Jot Smaa-ay • Just prior to Joti-Jot Samaa-ay, the 10th Guru Gave the Guruship to Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji - Held a Special Ceremony - Did the Parkaash Of Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji - Followed the same protocol that was followed by other Guru Jis in passing the Guruship • Ended the tradition of vesting Guruship to the human form • Made Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji the “Eternal Guru” Shabd Guru Concept Guru Nanak Dev Ji qyrw kvxu gurU ijskw qU cylw]…… ]sbdu gurUu suriq Duin cylw] (m:1/942) Guru Hargobind Ji Story (swKI): ipRQw Aqy KyVw soienI (srIr nwloN ivCVoNgy) Guru Gobind Singh Ji qIn rUp hY moih ko sunhu nMd cIq lwie] inrgun srgux gur Sbd khoN qoih smJwie] (Rehitnama Bhai Nand Lal Ji) Guru Gobind Singh Ji gurU goibMd isMG jI BweI nMd lwl jI (Bhai Nand Lal Ji) qIn rUp hYN moih ko sunhu nMd icq lwie] inrgux srgux gur Sbd khoN quih smJwie] rihqnwmw (Rehatnama) Guru Jot Transformation Concept Gurbani: joiq Ehw jugiq swie sih kwieAw Pyir pltIAY ] (966) Dur Ki Bani says: Jot & Jugat were the same (of Guru Nanak Dev Ji) only the body changed (to Guru Andad Dev JI) Same holds true for Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji! Fundamental Reality • vwihgurU (Agmu)Unapproachable • gurU (gmu)Approachable • isKu (Bgqu jnu)Devotee Empowerment of Guru Guru is Empowered By Waheguru! • guru dwqw smrQu guru guru sB mih rihAw smwie ] (49) • siqguru myrw vf smrQw ] (98) • mihmw khI n jwie gur smrQ dyv ] (522) • gur dieAwl smrQ gur gur nwnk piqq auDwrxh ]1] (710) • mY CifAw sgl Apwiexo BrvwsY gur smrQw ] (1101) • gur smrQ sdw dieAwl ] (1341) • guir pwris imilAY kMcnu hoey inrml joiq Apwr ]2] (427) • ibnu gur koie n rMgIAY guir imilAY rMgu cVwau ] (427) • gurmuiK rMig clUilAw myrw mnu qno iBMnw ] (448) • jn nwnk kau hir bKisAw hir Bgiq BMfwrw ]2] (450) • jn nwnku hir hir hoieAw hir hir min vuTw ]4]12]19] (450) Role of Guru • Develops Love for the Shabd Guru • Develops Love for God • The Link to God (A Match-maker) – Eradicates Ego – Blesses Naam Pesent Guru (Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji) Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Structure Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Contributers Composers - Six Guru Jis: 1st Five Guru Jis and 9th Guru Ji -- Guru Arjan Dayv Ji (~1/2 Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji) -- Guru Angad Dayv (63 Sloaks Only) - 15 Bhagats (4 Muslims and 11 Hindus) -- Bhagat Kabir Ji (Most Bani among Bhagats) -- Bhagat Sur Das (Least Bani among Bhagats – 1 Line) - 11 Bhatts (Bards who came in search of Truth to Guru’s Darbar) - 3 “ Maha Purakhs” (Baba Sundar Ji; Satta Ji, and Balwand Ji - Keertaniay) Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Gurmukhi Script Languages: -- Punjabi -- Marhatti -- Hindi -- Traces of Bengali -- Apbhransh (ApBRMS- The last state of Prakriti) -- Braj Bhaashaa -- Prakritee -- Sahskrit -- Palee -- Sanskrit -- Phaarsee/Persian -- Urdoo/Arbee Gurmukhi Script (Lippi) letters refined, grouped and arranged in order by Guru Angad Dev Ji Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Writing Style: • No punctuation marks like comma, semicolon or colon etc. • No “Adhak” • No “Paireen Bindi” • No Pad-Shayd (Unseparated Words in Puratan Beerhan) • Mostly Addressing Self, Mind, or Bhai (Generically) • Most Raags begins with Full Form of Mool Mantar • Each New Ghar begins with a Short Form of Mool Mantar Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Mool Mantar Full form: <> siq nwmu krqw purKu inrBau inrvYru Akwl mUriq AjUnI sYBM gur pRswid] Often: 32 Times- Mostly with Raags 5 exceptions- Sri Raag, Jaitsri, Bairarhi, Tukhari, & Kedara use short form) ( Short Forms: (Seldom: 7 Times) Pgs 137,220,235,242,243,323, & 855 <> siq nwmu krqw purKu gur pRswid] (Rarely- Only in Some Beerh Sahibs) Pg 544 <> siq nwmu gur pRswid] (Most Frequently: 524 Times- within Raags when Ghars, composer or Bani changes) <> siqgur pRswid] <> bIj mMqR (Once in Kartarpur Vaali Beerh Sahib: Sahskriti Sloak) Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji General Structure/Arrangement -1430 pages - Begins with Mool Mantar - Ends with Raag Maalaa - 1st word: “ <> ” (Ik Onˆgkaar)- Part of Mool Mantar - Last word: “Vees”- Part of Raag Maalaa - 1st Bani “]jpu]” (Jap) - Bani “Jap” starts with a Sloak - Ends with a Sloak - Ends with “rwg mwlw” (Raag Mala) - Begins at the bottom of page 1429 - Ends at the bottom of page 1430 Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji General Structure/Arrangement (Continued) Total of 33 parts 1st : Original Nit-Naym (Pg 1-13) 2nd-32nd : 31 Raags Pages (Pg 14-1352) 33rd : The Following (Pg 1353-1430) -- Sloaks (Saihaskritee, Kabir Ji, Freed Ji) -- sv`Xy (Swa-i-ay): Guroo Arjan Dayv Ji, & Bhatts -- slok vwrW qoN vDIk (Extra Sloaks) -- slok (Sloaks)- Guroo Tayg Bahaadar Ji -- muMdwvxI (Mundavani) -- slok (Sloak)- Guroo Arjan Dayv Ji -- rwg mwlw (Raag Maalaa) Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Banis Arranged according to the Raags in the ollowing order: - sbd -- pdy (2,3,4,5 Padey) -- AstpdIAwN (Means eight Paday, but 6-34 Paday are also covered) -- solhy (Means 16 Paday, but 9-21 Paday are also covered) - CMq (Chhants) - bwxIAW (Banis)* - vwrwN (Vaars) Each follow the same sequence within a Raag: - Starts with Guru Jis: 1st, 3rd, 4th, 5th ….9th Guru Ji - Followed by Bgq (Bhagats): Kabir Ji,…ends with Farid Ji Notes: 1. *Specific Banis (25), in few cases, come before Chhants 2. Keep in mind that all Raags don’t have all Guru Jis or Bhagats Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji 25 Specific Banis • Pehray • Arti • Vanjara • Kuchaji • Barah Maha M:5 • Suchaji • Din Raen (idn rYix) • Gunwanti • Karhalay (Counted as Ashtpadian) • Thiti M:1 • Bavan Akhari • Var 7 M:3 • Sukhmani • Anand • Thiti M:5 • Sad • Bir-harhay (Counted as Ashtpadian) • Ongkar • Patti M:1 • Sidh Ghost • Patti M:3 • Anjulian • Ghorhian • Solhlay (Counted as Longer Shabads) • Alahanian M:1 • Barah Maha M:1 • Alahanian M:3 Note: Bhagat Banis not Listed Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Banis Contains 31 Raags - 1st Raag (rwg): isrI rwgu (Sri Raag) by 1st Guru Ji - 1st Vaar (vwr): isrI rwgu (Sri Raag) by 4th Guru Ji - Last Raag: “jYjwvMqI” (Jai-jaa-wanti) by 9th Guru Ji Not written in specific Raag - 1st bwxI (Bani): jpu (Jap) by Guru Nanak Dev Ji - slok (Sloaks): shsikRqI, gwQw, kbIr jI ky, PrId jI ky - sv`Xy (Swa-i-ay): 5th Guru Ji and Bhatts - slok vwrwN qy vDIk (Sloaks remaining after Vaars) - rwg mwlw (Raag Maalaa) Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji 31 Raags Raag Starting Page Total Pages Sri Raag 14 80 5 Manjh 94 57 9 Gaurhi 151 196 1 Asa 347 142 2 Gujri 489 38 Devagandhari 527 10 Bihagara 537 20 Wadahans 557 38 Sorath 595 65 7 Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji 31 Raags Raag Starting Page Total Pages Dhanasri 660 36 Jaitsri 696 15 Todi 711 8 Bairarhi 719 2 30 Tilang 721 7 Suhi 728 67 6 Bilaval 795 64 8 Gond 859 17 Ramkali 876 99 4 Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji 31 Raags Raag Starting Page Total Pages Nut-Narayan 975 9 Mali-Gaurha 984 5 Maru 989 118 3 Tukhari 1107 11 Kedara 1118 7 Bhairo 1125 43 Basant 1168 29 Sarang 1197 57 9 Malar 1254 40 Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji 31 Raags Raag Starting Page Total Pages Kanrha 1294 25 Kalyan 1319 8 Prabhati 1327 25 Jaijawanti 1352 1 31 Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Contents Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Guru is Called • A Gardner • Maig • Lawer • River • Matchmaker • Hans • Cloud • Guru • Place of Pilgrimage • Satguru • Jewler • Sadhoo • Mother • Sant • Father • Soorma • Friend • Paras (Touch Stone) • Bohita (Ship) • Dev (Enlighter/Demi-god) • God Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji How Does Guru Purify Us? Examples: Hans Jewler Blacksmith Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Gurbani Contents (q~q) - The Objective of Human Life! - How to Become One with God? - Vices of Humans (Major Obstacles) - Virtues of God, Gurus, & Gurmukhs - Techniques for Adopting Virtues (Metaphores/Similes) - Social & Spiritual Environments (Guru Jis’ Time) - Praises of Sadh Sangat & Gurmukhs - Praises of Guru Jis - Praises of God - Prayer to God Subscribes the Sikh way of life to achieve the Objective of Human Life Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Gurbani To Achieve Objective Basic Requirement - gurU duAwrY hoie soJI pwiesI ] (730) - iqQY GVIAY suriq miq min buiD ] (8) Learn the Sikh way of life Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Gurbani swfy mMn dI hwlq (Condition of Our Mind) • jnm jnm kI iesu mn kau mlu lwgI kwlw hoAw isAwhu ] (651) • min mYlY Bgiq n hoveI nwmu n pwieAw jwie ] (35) The Obstruction: Polluted Mind Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Gurbani mn dI swDnw (Reforming the Mind) • mmw mn isau kwju hY mn swDy isiD hoie] (342) • AweI pMQI sgl jmwqI min jIqY jgu jIqu ] (6) bhuq hI kTn kwj (Extremely Difficult Task) • gur ibnu ikin smJweIAY mnu rwjw sulqwnu ]4] (61) gurU qoN ibnW mn rwjy dI swDnw nhIN ho skdI! King Mind cannot be reformed without Guru! Sri Guru Granth Sahib
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