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Home , African pompano, Aluterus, Aluterus schoepfii, American butterfish, Ancylopsetta, Ancylopsetta dilecta

List of the Marine of North Carolina - printed 2021-09-25

This is a listing of the species of marine that are known to occur off the of the state, without regard to the territorial 3-mile limit. The list was compiled by Fritz Rohde, Scott Smith, and Christina Schobernd in 2020 and is found on the NCFishes website: . There are 747 native plus 2 non-native marine species on this list. There are 34 species on both freshwater and marine lists (marked with an *). Therefore, there are 257 Fresh + 749 Marine - 34 = 972 fish species in NC waters. names, scientific names, and common names follow the California Academy of Sciences' Online Database: (Fricke et al. 2020) and Page et al. (2013). The families on the list below are in taxonomic ; however, genera and species are in alphabetical order within each family. Myxinidae: Hagfishes [1] Sphyrnidae: Hammerhead [5] 1 Myxine glutinosa ...... Atlantic Hagfish ...... 29 Sphryna gilberti ...... Carolina Hammerhead ...... Petromyzontidae: Northern Lampreys [1] 30 Sphyrna lewini ...... Scalloped Hammerhead ...... 2 *Petromyzon marinus ...... Lamprey ...... 31 Sphyrna mokarran ...... Great Hammerhead ...... : Nurse Sharks [1] 32 Sphyrna tiburo ...... ...... 3 Ginglymostoma cirratum ...... Nurse ...... 33 Sphyrna zygaena ...... Smooth Hammerhead ...... Rhincodontidae: [1] Hexanchidae: Cowsharks [2] 4 Rhincodon typus ...... Whale Shark ...... 34 Heptranchias perlo ...... Sharpnose Sevengill Shark ...... Odontaspididae: Sand Tiger Sharks [1] 35 griseus ...... Bluntnose Sixgill Shark ...... 5 taurus ...... Sand Tiger ...... : Dogfish Sharks [4] Alopiidae: Thresher Sharks [2] 36 asper ...... ...... 6 Alopias superciliosus ...... Bigeye Thresher ...... 37 Squalus acanthias ...... ...... 7 Alopias vulpinus ...... Common Thresher ...... 38 Squalus cubensis ...... ...... Cetorhinidae: [1] 39 Squalus mitsukurii ...... Shortspine Dogfish ...... 8 Cetorhinus maximus ...... Basking Shark ...... : Lantern Sharks [1] : Sharks [4] 40 gracilispinis ...... Broadbank Lantern Shark ...... 9 Carcharodon carcharias ...... White Shark ...... : Sleeper Sharks [2] 10 oxyrincha ...... Shortfin Mako ...... 41 coelolepis ...... Portuguese Shark ...... 11 Isurus paucus ...... Longfin Mako ...... 42 microcephalus ...... ...... 12 nasus ...... ...... : Kitefin Sharks [1] Scyliorhinidae: [2] 43 Dalatias licha ...... ...... 13 arae ...... Marbled ...... Squatinidae: Angel Sharks [1] 14 retifer ...... Chain Dogfish ...... 44 Squatina dumeril ...... Atlantic Angel Shark ...... Triakidae: Hound Sharks [1] : Electric Rays [1] 15 Mustelus canis ...... Smooth Dogfish ...... 45 Torpedo nobiliana ...... Atlantic Torpedo ...... Carcharhinidae: Requiem Sharks [13] : Numbfishes [1] 16 acronotus ...... Blacknose Shark ...... 46 bancroftii ...... Lesser ...... 17 Carcharhinus brevipenna ...... ...... Pristidae: Sawfishes [1] 18 Carcharhinus falciformis ...... ...... 47 Pristis pectinata ...... Smalltooth Sawfish ...... US = E 19 Carcharhinus isodon ...... ...... Rhinobatidae: Guitarfishes [1] 20 Carcharhinus leucas ...... Bull Shark ...... 48 Rhinobatos lentiginosus ...... Atlantic Guitarfish ...... 21 Carcharhinus limbatus ...... ...... Rajidae: Skates [7] 22 Carcharhinus longimanus ...... ...... 49 Amblyraja radiata ...... Thorny Skate ...... 23 Carcharhinus obscurus ...... ...... 50 Dipturus teevani ...... Prickly Brown Ray ...... 24 Carcharhinus plumbeus ...... ...... 51 Fenestraja plutonia ...... Underworld Windowskate ...... 25 Galeocerdo cuvier ...... ...... 52 Leucoraja erinacea ...... Little Skate ...... 26 brevirostris ...... ...... 53 Leucoraja garmani ...... Rosette Skate ...... 27 Prionace glauca ...... ...... 54 Leucoraja ocellata ...... Winter Skate ...... 28 terraenovae ...... ...... NC Biodiversity Project: Marine Fishes of North Carolina nc-biodiversity.com Version: Revised November 2021 Page 1 Rajidae: Skates [cont.] Muraenidae: Moray [15] 55 Raja eglanteria ...... Clearnose Skate ...... 85 Gymnothorax saxicola ...... Honeycomb Moray ...... Urotrygonidae: American Round Stingrays [1] 86 Gymnothorax vicinus ...... Purplemouth Moray ...... 56 Urobatis jamaicensis ...... Yellow Stingray ...... 87 Monopenchelys acuta ...... Redface Moray ...... Dasyatidae: Whiptail Stingrays [4] 88 retifera ...... Reticulate Moray ...... 57 Bathytoshia centroura ...... Roughtail Stingray ...... 89 Muraena robusta ...... Stout Moray ...... 58 Hypanus americanus ...... Southern Stingray ...... 90 Uropterygius macularius ...... Marbled Moray ...... 59 Hypanus sabinus ...... Atlantic Stingray ...... : Snake Eels and Worm Eels [27] 60 Hypanus say ...... Bluntnose Stingray ...... 91 Ahlia egmontis ...... Key Worm ...... Gymnuridae: Butterfly Rays [2] 92 Aprognathodon platyventris ...... Stripe Eel ...... 61 Gymnura altavela ...... Spiny Butterfly Ray ...... 93 Apterichtus ansp ...... Academy Eel ...... 62 Gymnura micrura ...... Smooth Butterfly Ray ...... 94 Apterichtus kendalli ...... Finless Eel ...... Myliobatidae: Eagle Rays [3] 95 Bascanichthys bascanium ...... Sooty Eel ...... 63 Aetobatus narinari ...... Spotted Eagle Ray ...... 96 Bascanichthys scuticaris ...... ...... 64 Myliobatis freminvillei ...... Bullnose Ray ...... 97 Callechelys guineensis ...... Shorttail Snake Eel ...... 65 Myliobatis goodei ...... Southern Eagle Ray ...... 98 Callechelys muraena ...... Blotched Snake Eel ...... Mobulidae: [2] 99 Echiophis intertinctus ...... Spotted Spoon-nose Eel ...... 66 Manta birostris ...... Giant Manta ...... 100 Gordiichthys ergodes ...... Irksome Eel ...... 67 Mobula hypostoma ...... Devil Ray ...... 101 Gordiichthys irretitus ...... Horsehair Eel ...... Rhinopteridae: [1] 102 Gordiichthys leibyi ...... ...... 68 Rhinoptera bonasus ...... Cownose Ray ...... 103 Letharchus aliculatus ...... Striped Sailfin Eel ...... Acipenseridae: Sturgeons [2] 104 Letharchus velifer ...... Sailfin Eel ...... 69 *Acipenser brevirostrum ...... Shortnose Sturgeon ...... State = E US = E 105 Myrichthys breviceps ...... Sharptail Eel ...... 70 *Acipenser oxyrinchus ...... Atlantic Sturgeon ...... State = E US = E 106 Myrichthys ocellatus ...... Goldspotted Eel ...... Lepisosteidae: [1] 107 Myrophis platyrhynchus ...... Broadnose Worm Eel ...... 71 *Lepisosteus osseus ...... Longnose ...... 108 Myrophis punctatus ...... Speckled Worm Eel ...... Elopidae: Tenpounders [1] 109 Ophichthus cruentifer ...... Margined Snake Eel ...... 72 Elops saurus ...... Ladyfish ...... 110 Ophichthus gomesii ...... Eel ...... Megalopidae: Tarpons [1] 111 Ophichthus melanoporus ...... Blackpored Eel ...... 73 Megalops atlanticus ...... Tarpon ...... 112 Ophichthus menezesi ...... Blotchside Snake Eel ...... Albulidae: [1] 113 Ophichthus ophis ...... Spotted Snake Eel ...... 74 Albula vulpes ...... Bonefish ...... 114 Ophichthus puncticeps ...... Pale-spotted Eel ...... Anguillidae: Freshwater Eels [1] 115 Pseudomyrophis fugesae ...... Diminutive Worm Eel ...... 75 *Anguilla rostrata ...... American Eel ...... 116 Pseudomyrophis nimius ...... Elongate Worm Eel ...... Muraenidae: Moray Eels [15] 117 Quassiremus sp. (cf. ascensionis) an undescribed snake eel ...... 76 Anarchias similis ...... Pygmy Moray ...... : Eels [10] 77 Gymnothorax conspersus ...... Saddled Moray ...... 118 balearicum ...... Bandtooth Conger ...... 78 Gymnothorax hubbsi ...... Lichen Moray ...... 119 Bathycongrus dubius ...... Dubious Conger ...... 79 Gymnothorax kolpos ...... Blacktail Moray ...... 120 Bathycongrus vicinalis ...... Neighbor Conger ...... 80 Gymnothorax miliaris ...... Goldentail Moray ...... 121 Conger oceanicus ...... Conger Eel ...... 81 Gymnothorax moringa ...... Spotted Moray ...... 122 Gnathophis bracheatopos ...... Longeye Conger ...... 82 Gymnothorax nigromarginatus ..... Blackedge Moray ...... 123 Heteroconger luteolus ...... Yellow Garden Eel ...... 83 Gymnothorax ocellatus ...... Ocellated Moray ...... 124 Paraconger caudilimbatus ...... Margintail Conger ...... 84 Gymnothorax polygonius ...... Polygon Moray ......

NC Biodiversity Project: Marine Fishes of North Carolina nc-biodiversity.com Version: Revised November 2021 Page 2 Congridae: Conger Eels [cont.] Trachipteridae: Ribbonfishes [2] 125 Rhynchoconger flavus ...... Yellow Conger ...... 161 Zu cristatus ...... Scalloped Ribbonfish ...... 126 Rhynchoconger gracilior ...... Whiptail Conger ...... Regalecidae: Oarfishes [1] 127 Uroconger syringinus ...... Threadtail Conger ...... 162 Regalecus glesne ...... Oarfish ...... Engraulidae: [6] Polymixiidae: [2] 128 Anchoa cubana ...... Cuban ...... 163 lowei ...... ...... 129 Anchoa ...... Striped Anchovy ...... 164 Polymixia nobilis ...... Stout Beardfish ...... 130 Anchoa lyolepis ...... Dusky Anchovy ...... Macrouridae: Grenadiers [10] 131 *Anchoa mitchilli ...... Bay Anchovy ...... 165 Coryphaenoides armatus ...... Abyssal Grenadier ...... 132 Anchoviella perfasciata ...... Flat Anchovy ...... 166 Coryphaenoides brevibarbis ...... Shortbeard Grenadier ...... 133 Engraulis eurystole ...... Silver Anchovy ...... 167 Coryphaenoides carapinus ...... Carapine Grenadier ...... Clupeidae: Herrings [13] 168 Coryphaenoides leptolepis ...... Ghostly Grenadier ...... 134 * aestivalis ...... Blueback Herring ...... 169 Malacocephalus laevis ...... Softhead Grenadier ...... 135 *Alosa mediocris ...... Hickory Shad ...... 170 Malacocephalus occidentalis ...... Western Softhead Grenadier ...... 136 *Alosa pseudoharengus ...... Alewife ...... 171 Nezumia aequalis ...... Common Atlantic Grenadier ...... 137 *Alosa sapidissima ...... American Shad ...... 172 Nezumia bairdii ...... Marlin-spike ...... 138 Brevoortia smithi ...... Yellowfin ...... 173 Nezumia sclerorhynchus ...... Bluntsnout Grenadier ...... 139 *Brevoortia tyrannus ...... Atlantic Menhaden ...... 174 Ventrifossa macropogon ...... Longbeard Grenadier ...... 140 Clupea harengus ...... Atlantic Herring ...... Merlucciidae: Merlucciid Hakes [2] 141 *Dorosoma cepedianum ...... Gizzard Shad ...... 175 Merluccius albidus ...... Offshore Hake ...... 142 *Dorosoma petenense ...... Threadfin Shad ...... 176 Merluccius bilinearis ...... Silver Hake ...... 143 Etrumeus teres ...... Round Herring ...... : Phycid Hakes [6] 144 Harengula jaguana ...... Scaled Sardine ...... 177 Enchelyopus cimbrius ...... Fourbeard Rockling ...... 145 Opisthonema oglinum ...... Atlantic Thread Herring ...... 178 Urophycis chuss ...... Red Hake ...... 146 Sardinella aurita ...... Spanish Sardine ...... 179 Urophycis earllii ...... Carolina Hake ...... Ariidae: Sea [2] 180 Urophycis floridana ...... Southern Hake ...... 147 Ariopsis felis ...... Hardhead ...... 181 Urophycis regia ...... Spotted Hake ...... 148 Bagre marinus ...... Gafftopsail Catfish ...... 182 Urophycis tenuis ...... White Hake ...... Synodontidae: Lizardfishes [7] Gadidae: [2] 149 Saurida brasiliensis ...... Largescale Lizardfish ...... 183 morhua ...... Atlantic ...... 150 Saurida normani ...... Shortjaw Lizardfish ...... 184 ...... ...... 151 Synodus foetens ...... Inshore Lizardfish ...... Carapidae: Pearlfishes [1] 152 Synodus intermedius ...... Sand Diver ...... 185 Carapus bermudensis ...... Pearlfish ...... 153 Synodus poeyi ...... Offshore Lizardfish ...... Ophidiidae: -eels [18] 154 Synodus synodus ...... Red Lizardfish ...... 186 Benthocometes robustus ...... (no common name) Cusk-eel ...... 155 Trachinocephalus myops ...... Snakefish ...... 187 Brotula barbata ...... Atlantic Bearded Brotula ...... Chlorophthalmidae: Greeneyes [2] 188 Dicrolene introniger ...... Digitate Cusk-eel ...... 156 agassizi ...... Shortnose Greeneye ...... 189 Lepophidium brevibarbe ...... Blackedge Cusk-eel ...... 157 Parasudis truculenta ...... Longnose Greeneye ...... 190 Lepophidium jeannae ...... Mottled Cusk-eel ...... Alepisauridae: Lancetfishes [1] 191 Lepophidium profundorum ...... Fawn Cusk-eel ...... 158 Alepisaurus ferox ...... Longnose Lancetfish ...... 192 Lepophidium staurophor ...... Barred Cusk-eel ...... Lampridae: Opahs [1] 193 agassizii ...... Agassiz's Brotula ...... 159 Lampris guttatus ...... Opah ...... 194 Monomitopus magnus ...... (no common name) Cusk-eel ...... Trachipteridae: Ribbonfishes [2] 160 Desmodema polystictum ...... Polka-dot Ribbonfish ......

NC Biodiversity Project: Marine Fishes of North Carolina nc-biodiversity.com Version: Revised November 2021 Page 3 Ophidiidae: Cusk-eels [cont.] Exocoetidae: Flyingfishes [12] 195 Neobythites marginatus ...... Stripefin Brotula ...... 231 Cheilopogon heterurus ...... Blotchwing Flyingfish ...... 196 Ophidion antipholus ...... Longnose Cusk-eel ...... 232 Cheilopogon melanurus ...... Atlantic Flyingfish ...... 197 Ophidion grayi ...... Blotched Cusk-eel ...... 233 comatus ...... Clearwing Flyingfish ...... 198 Ophidion holbrookii ...... Bank Cusk-eel ...... 234 Exocoetus obtusirostris ...... Oceanic Two-wing Flyingfish ...... 199 Ophidion josephi ...... Crested Cusk-eel ...... 235 Exocoetus volitans ...... Tropical Two-wing Flyingfish ...... 200 Ophidion marginatum ...... Striped Cusk-eel ...... 236 Hirundichthys affinis ...... Fourwing Flyingfish ...... 201 Ophidion nocomis ...... Letter Opener ...... 237 ...... Blackwing Flyingfish ...... 202 Ophidion selenops ...... Mooneye Cusk-eel ...... 238 Parexocoetus hillianus ...... Sailfin Flyingfish ...... 203 omostigma ...... Polka-dot Cusk-eel ...... 239 Prognichthys occidentalis ...... Bluntnose Flyingfish ...... : Toadfishes [3] Hemiramphidae: [6] 204 Opsanus sp...... an undescribed Opsanus ...... 240 Euleptorhamphus velox ...... Flying ...... 205 Opsanus tau ...... Oyster Toadfish ...... 241 Hemiramphus balao ...... Balao ...... 206 Porichthys plectrodon ...... Atlantic Midshipman ...... 242 Hemiramphus brasiliensis ...... Ballyhoo ...... Lophiidae: Goosefishes [5] 243 Hyporamphus unifasciatus ...... Altantic Silverstripe Halfbeak ...... 207 Lophiodes beroe ...... White ...... 244 Hyporhamphus meeki ...... False Silverstripe Halfbeak ...... 208 Lophiodes monodi ...... Clubbait Anglerfish ...... 245 ...... Smallwing Flyingfish ...... 209 Lophiodes reticulatus ...... Reticulate Goosefish ...... Belonidae: [5] 210 Lophius americanus ...... Goosefish ...... 246 Ablennes hians ...... Flat ...... 211 Lophius gastrophysus ...... Blackfin Goosefish ...... 247 argalus ...... ...... Antennariidae: [4] 248 * marina ...... Atlantic Needlefish ...... 212 Antennarius striatus ...... Striated ...... 249 acus ...... Atlantic Agujon ...... 213 Fowlerichthys ocellatus ...... Ocellated Frogfish ...... 250 Tylosurus crocodilus ...... ...... 214 Fowlerichthys radiosus ...... Singlespot Frogfish ...... Scomberesocidae: Sauries [1] 215 Histrio histrio ...... Sargassumfish ...... 251 Scomberesox saurus ...... Atlantic Saury ...... Ogcocephalidae: Batfishes [6] : Topminnows [5] 216 Dibranchus atlanticus ...... Atlantic Batfish ...... 252 * confluentus ...... Marsh Killifish ...... 217 Halieutichthys aculeatus ...... Pancake Batfish ...... 253 *Fundulus heteroclitus ...... ...... 218 Ogcocephalus corniger ...... Longnose Batfish ...... 254 ...... Spotfin Killifish ...... 219 Ogcocephalus cubifrons ...... Polka-dot Batfish ...... 255 Fundulus majalis ...... Striped Killifish ...... 220 Ogcocephalus parvus ...... Roughback Batfish ...... 256 *Lucania parva ...... ...... 221 Ogcocephalus rostellum ...... Palefin Batfish ...... Cyprinodontidae: Pupfishes [1] Mugilidae: Mullets [3] 257 *Cyprinodon variegatus ...... Sheepshead Minnow ...... 222 *Dajaus monticola ...... Mountain ...... Poeciliidae: Livebearers [2] 223 *Mugil cephalus ...... Striped Mullet ...... 258 * holbrooki ...... Eastern Mosquitofish ...... 224 Mugil curema ...... White Mullet ...... 259 *Poecilia latipinna ...... Salifin Molly ...... Atherinopsidae: New World Silversides [3] Trachichthyidae: Roughies [3] 225 ...... Rough Silverside ...... 260 Gephyroberyx darwinii ...... Big Roughy ...... 226 *Menidia beryllina ...... Inland Silverside ...... 261 Hoplostethus mediterraneus ...... Silver Roughy ...... 227 Menidia menidia ...... Atlantic Silverside ...... 262 Hoplostethus occidentalis ...... Western Roughy ...... Exocoetidae: Flyingfishes [12] Berycidae: Alfonsinos [2] 228 Cheilopogon cyanopterus ...... Margined Flyingfish ...... 263 Beryx decadactylus ...... Red Bream ...... 229 Cheilopogon exsiliens ...... Bandwing Flyingfish ...... 264 Beryx splendens ...... Splendid Alfonsino ...... 230 Cheilopogon furcatus ...... Spotfin Flyingfish ......

NC Biodiversity Project: Marine Fishes of North Carolina nc-biodiversity.com Version: Revised November 2021 Page 4 Holocentridae: Squirrelfishes [6] Scorpaenidae: Scorpionfishes [18] 265 Corniger spinosus ...... Spinycheek Squirrelfish ...... 300 Pterois miles ...... Devil Firefish ...... Not native 266 Holocentrus adscensionis ...... Squirrelfish ...... 301 Pterois volitans ...... Red Lionfish ...... Not native 267 Holocentrus rufus ...... Longspine Squirrelfish ...... 302 Scorpaena agassizii ...... Longfin Scorpionfish ...... 268 Myripristis jacobus ...... Blackbar Soldierfish ...... 303 Scorpaena albifimbria ...... Scorpionfish ...... 269 Ostichthys trachypoma ...... Bigeye Soldierfish ...... 304 Scorpaena bergii ...... Goosehead Scorpionfish ...... 270 Sargocentron bullisi ...... Deepwater Squirrelfish ...... 305 Scorpaena brasiliensis ...... Barbfish ...... Grammicolepididae: Tinselfishes [2] 306 Scorpaena calcarata ...... Smoothhead Scorpionfish ...... 271 Grammicolepis brachiusculus ...... Thorny Tinselfish ...... 307 Scorpaena dispar ...... Hunchback Scorpionfish ...... 272 Xenolepidichthys dalgleishi ...... Spotted Tinselfish ...... 308 Scorpaena grandicornis ...... Plumed Scorpionfish ...... : Dories [2] 309 Scorpaena isthmensis ...... Smoothcheek Scorpionfish ...... 273 Cyttopsis rosea ...... Red Dory ...... 310 Scorpaena plumieri ...... Spotted Scorpionfish ...... 274 Zenopsis conchifera ...... Buckler Dory ...... 311 Scorpaenodes tredecimspinosus . Deepreef Scorpionfish ...... Gasterosteidae: Sticklebacks [1] : Searobins [12] 275 *Apeltes quadracus ...... Fourspine Stickleback ...... 312 brachychir ...... Shortfin Searobin ...... : and [14] 313 ...... Streamer Searobin ...... 276 Anarchopterus criniger ...... Fringed ...... 314 ...... Horned Searobin ...... 277 Bryx dunckeri ...... Pugnose Pipefish ...... 315 alatus ...... Spiny Searobin ...... 278 albirostris ...... Whitenose Pipefish ...... 316 ...... Northern Searobin ...... 279 Cosmocampus elucens ...... Shortfin Pipefish ...... 317 ...... Striped Searobin ...... 280 Cosmocampus hildebrandi ...... Dwarf Pipefish ...... 318 Prionotus ophryas ...... Bandtail Searobin ...... 281 Cosmocampus sp. cf. profundus .. undescribed species near 'Deepwater' Pipefish 319 Prionotus roseus ...... Bluespotted Searobin ...... 282 Hippocampus erectus ...... Lined ...... 320 Prionotus rubio ...... Blackwing Searobin ...... 283 Hippocampus reidi ...... Longsnout Seahorse ...... 321 Prionotus scitulus ...... Leopard Searobin ...... 284 Microphis lineatus ...... Opossum Pipefish ...... 322 Prionotus stearnsi ...... Shortwing Searobin ...... 285 floridae ...... Dusky Pipefish ...... 323 Prionotus tribulus ...... Bighead Searobin ...... 286 Syngnathus fuscus ...... Northern Pipefish ...... Peristediidae: Armored Searobins [6] 287 Syngnathus louisianae ...... Chain Pipefish ...... 324 Peristedion ecuadorense ...... Pyramidnose Armored Searobin . 288 Syngnathus pelagicus ...... Pipefish ...... 325 Peristedion gracile ...... Slender Searobin ...... 289 Syngnathus springeri ...... Bull Pipefish ...... 326 Peristedion greyae ...... Alligator Searobin ...... Fistulariidae: [2] 327 Peristedion miniatum ...... Armored Searobin ...... 290 Fistularia petimba ...... Red ...... 328 Peristedion thompsoni ...... Rimspine Searobin ...... 291 ...... ...... 329 Peristedion truncatum ...... Black Armored Searobin ...... Macroramphosidae: Snipefishes [1] Liparidae: Snailfishes [2] 292 Macroramphosus scolopax ...... Longspine Snipefish ...... 330 Careproctus ranula ...... Scotian Snailfish ...... : Flying Gurnards [1] 331 Liparis inquilinus ...... Inquiline Snailfish ...... 293 Dactylopterus volitans ...... Flying Gurnard ...... Centropomidae: Snooks [1] Scorpaenidae: Scorpionfishes [18] 332 undecimalis ...... Common Snook ...... 294 Helicolenus dactylopterus ...... Blackbelly Rosefish ...... Moronidae: Temperate Basses [2] 295 Idiastion kyphos ...... Sharpcheek Scorpionfish ...... 333 *Morone americana ...... White Perch ...... 296 Neomerinthe hemingwayi ...... Spinycheek Scorpionfish ...... 334 *Morone saxatilis ...... Striped Bass ...... 297 Pontinus longispinis ...... Longspine Scorpionfish ...... Polyprionidae: [1] 298 Pontinus nematophthalmus ...... Spinythroat Scorpionfish ...... 335 americanus ...... Atlantic ...... 299 Pontinus rathbuni ...... Highfin Scorpionfish ......

NC Biodiversity Project: Marine Fishes of North Carolina nc-biodiversity.com Version: Revised November 2021 Page 5 : Sea Basses [51] Serranidae: Sea Basses [51] 336 afer ...... Mutton Hamlet ...... 379 annularis ...... Orangeback Bass ...... 337 Anthias nicholsi ...... Yellowfin Bass ...... 380 Serranus atrobranchus ...... Blackear Bass ...... 338 Anthias tenuis ...... Threadnose Bass ...... 381 ...... Lantern Bass ...... 339 Baldwinella aureorubens ...... Streamer Bass ...... 382 Serranus chionaraia ...... Snow Bass ...... 340 Baldwinella vivanus ...... Red Barbier ...... 383 Serranus notospilus ...... Saddle Bass ...... 341 cubensis ...... Yellowtail Bass ...... 384 Serranus phoebe ...... Tattler ...... 342 fuscula ...... Twospot Sea Bass ...... 385 Serranus subligarius ...... ...... 343 Centropristis ocyurus ...... Bank Sea Bass ...... 386 Serranus tabacarius ...... Tobaccofish ...... 344 Centropristis philadelphica ...... Rock Sea Bass ...... : Bigeyes [4] 345 Centropristis striata ...... Bass ...... 387 japonicus ...... Bulleye ...... 346 cruentata ...... ...... 388 cruentatus ...... Glasseye Snapper ...... 347 Cephalopholis fulva ...... Coney Hind ...... 389 Priacanthus arenatus ...... Bigeye ...... 348 Dermatoepis inermis ...... Marbled ...... 390 alta ...... Short Bigeye ...... 349 bivittatum ...... Dwarf Sand Perch ...... : Cardinalfishes [6] 350 Diplectrum formosum ...... Sand Perch ...... 391 affinis ...... Bigtooth Cardinalfish ...... 351 Epinephalus guttatus ...... ...... 392 Apogon gouldi ...... Deepwater Cardinalfish ...... 352 Epinephalus morio ...... ...... 393 ...... Flamefish ...... 353 adscensionis ...... Rock Hind ...... 394 Apogon pseudomaculatus ...... Twospot Cardinalfish ...... 354 Epinephelus drummondhayi ...... ...... 395 Astrapogon alutus ...... Bronze Cardinalfish ...... 355 Epinephelus itajara ...... Goliath Grouper ...... 396 Phaeoptyx conklini ...... Freckled Cardinalfish ...... 356 Epinephelus striatus ...... ...... Malacanthidae: [5] 357 Gonioplectrus hispanus ...... ...... 397 chrysops ...... Goldface ...... 358 leptus ...... Longtail Bass ...... 398 ...... Blackline Tilefish ...... 359 flavolimbatus ...... Yellowedge Grouper ...... 399 Caulolatilus microps ...... Blueline Tilefish ...... 360 Hyporthodus mystacinus ...... Misty Grouper ...... 400 Lopholatilus chamaeleonticeps .... Tilefish ...... 361 ...... Warsaw Grouper ...... 401 ...... Sand Tilefish ...... 362 Hyporthodus niveatus ...... ...... Pomatomidae: Bluefish [1] 363 aberrans ...... Eyestripe Bass ...... 402 Pomatomus saltatrix ...... Bluefish ...... 364 Liopropoma eukrines ...... Basslet ...... Coryphaenidae: Dolphinfishes [2] 365 Liopropoma mowbrayi ...... Cave Basslet ...... 403 equiselis ...... Dolphinfish ...... 366 bonaci ...... Black Grouper ...... 404 Coryphaena hippurus ...... Common Dolphinfish ...... 367 Mycteroperca interstitialis ...... Yellowmouth Grouper ...... Rachycentridae: Cobia [1] 368 ...... Gag Grouper ...... 405 Rachycentron canadum ...... Cobia ...... 369 Mycteroperca phenax ...... ...... Echeneidae: [7] 370 Mycteroperca venenosa ...... ...... 406 Echeneis naucrates ...... Sharksucker ...... 371 furcifer ...... Atlantic Creolefish ...... 407 Echeneis neucratoides ...... Whitefin Sharksucker ...... 372 Parasphyraenops incisus ...... Splitfin Bass ...... 408 Phtheirichthys lineatus ...... Slender Suckerfish ...... 373 Plectranthias garrupellus ...... Apricot Bass ...... 409 australis ...... Whalesucker ...... 374 martinicensis .... Roughtongue Bass ...... 410 Remora brachyptera ...... ...... 375 Rypticus maculatus ...... Whitespotted Soapfish ...... 411 Remora osteochir ...... Marlinsucker ...... 376 Rypticus saponaceus ...... Greater Soapfish ...... 412 Remora remora ...... Common Remora ...... 377 Schultzea beta ...... ...... : Jacks and [28] 378 Serraniculus pumilio ...... ...... 413 ciliaris ...... African Pompano ......

NC Biodiversity Project: Marine Fishes of North Carolina nc-biodiversity.com Version: Revised November 2021 Page 6 Carangidae: Jacks and Pompanos [cont.] : Snappers [17] 414 Caranx bartholomaei ...... Yellow Jack ...... 455 jocu ...... ...... 415 Caranx crysos ...... Blue Runner ...... 456 Lutjanus mahogoni ...... Mahogany Snapper ...... 416 Caranx hippos ...... ...... 457 ...... Red Snapper ...... 417 Caranx latus ...... Horse- Jack ...... 458 Lutjanus synagris ...... ...... 418 Caranx lugubris ...... Black Jack ...... 459 Lutjanus vivanus ...... ...... 419 Caranx ruber ...... ...... 460 Ocyurus chrysurus ...... ...... 420 chrysurus ...... Atlantic Bumper ...... 461 aquilonaris ...... Wenchman ...... 421 Decapterus macarellus ...... Mackerel Scad ...... 462 Pristipomoides freemani ...... Slender Wenchman ...... 422 Decapturus punctatus ...... Round Scad ...... 463 Rhomboplites aurorubens ...... ...... 423 Decapturus tabl ...... Redtail Scad ...... Lobotidae: Tripletails [1] 424 Elagatis bipinnulata ...... Rainbow Runner ...... 464 Lobotes surinamensis ...... ...... 425 amblyrhynchus ...... Bluntnose Jack ...... Gerreidae: Mojarras [9] 426 Naucrates ductor ...... Pilotfish ...... 465 ...... Irish Pompano ...... 427 Oligoplites saurus ...... Leatherjack ...... 466 ...... Spotfin Mojarra ...... 428 dentex ...... White Trevally ...... 467 Eucinostomus gula ...... Silver Jenny ...... 429 crumenophthalmus ...... Bigeye Scad ...... 468 Eucinostomus harengulus ...... Tidewater Mojarra ...... 430 ...... Atlantic Moonfish ...... 469 Eucinostomus jonesi ...... Slender Mojarra ...... 431 Selene vomer ...... ...... 470 Eucinostomus lefroyi ...... Mottled Mojarra ...... 432 dumerili ...... Greater ...... 471 Eucinostomus melanopterus ...... Flagfin Mojarra ...... 433 Seriola fasciata ...... Lesser Amberjack ...... 472 Eugerres plumieri ...... Striped Mojarra ...... 434 Seriola rivoliana ...... Almaco Jack ...... 473 Gerres cinereus ...... Yellowfin Mojarra ...... 435 Seriola zonata ...... ...... : Grunts [6] 436 Trachinotus carolinus ...... Florida Pompano ...... 474 aurolineatum ...... Tomtate ...... 437 Trachinotus falcatus ...... ...... 475 Haemulon melanurum ...... Cottonwick ...... 438 Trachinotus goodei ...... Palometa ...... 476 ...... White Grunt ...... 439 lathami ...... Rough Scad ...... 477 Haemulon sciurus ...... ...... 440 Uraspis secunda ...... Cottonmouth Jack ...... 478 Haemulon striatum ...... Striped Grunt ...... Bramidae: [6] 479 ...... Pigfish ...... 441 brama ...... Atlantic ...... Sparidae: Porgies [15] 442 ...... Caribbean Pomfret ...... 480 Archosargus probatocephalus ...... Sheepshead ...... 443 ...... Lowfin Pomfret ...... 481 Archosargus rhomboidalis ...... Sea Bream ...... 444 Pterycombus brama ...... Atlantic Fanfish ...... 482 Calamus bajonado ...... Jolthead Porgy ...... 445 rubescens ...... Keeltail Pomfret ...... 483 Calamus calamus ...... Saucereye Porgy ...... 446 longipinnis ...... Bigscale Pomfret ...... 484 Calamus leucosteus ...... Whitebone Porgy ...... Lutjanidae: Snappers [17] 485 Calamus nodosus ...... Knobbed Porgy ...... 447 dentatus ...... Black Snapper ...... 486 Calamus proridens ...... Littlehead Porgy ...... 448 oculatus ...... ...... 487 Diplodus argenteus ...... Silver Porgy ...... 449 Lutjanus analis ...... ...... 488 Diplodus holbrookii ...... ...... 450 Lutjanus apodus ...... Schoolmaster ...... 489 Lagodon rhomboides ...... Pinfish ...... 451 Lutjanus buccanella ...... ...... 490 Pagrus pagrus ...... Red Porgy ...... 452 Lutjanus campechanus ...... Red Snapper ...... 491 ...... Redtail Parrotfish ...... 453 Lutjanus cyanopterus ...... ...... 492 Sparisoma radians ...... Bucktooth Parrotfish ...... 454 Lutjanus griseus ...... Gray Snapper ......

NC Biodiversity Project: Marine Fishes of North Carolina nc-biodiversity.com Version: Revised November 2021 Page 7 Sparidae: Porgies [cont.] : Angelfishes [6] 493 Stenotomus caprinus ...... Longspine Porgy ...... 530 Holacanthus ciliaris ...... ...... 494 Stenotomus chrysops ...... Scup ...... 531 Holacanthus tricolor ...... ...... Polynemidae: Threadfins [2] 532 arcuatus ...... ...... 495 Polydactylus octonemus ...... ...... 533 Pomacanthus paru ...... ...... 496 Polydactylus virginicus ...... Barbu ...... Pomacentridae: Damselfishes [10] Sciaenidae: Drums [18] 534 saxatilis ...... ...... 497 Bairdiella chrysoura ...... Silver Perch ...... 535 Abudefduf taurus ...... Night Sergeant ...... 498 Cynoscion nebulosus ...... Spotted Seatrout ...... 536 Chromis enchrysura ...... Yellowtail Reeffish ...... 499 Cynoscion nothus ...... Silver Seatrout ...... 537 Chromis insolata ...... Sunshinefish ...... 500 Cynoscion regalis ...... Weakfish ...... 538 Chromis scotti ...... Purple Reeffish ...... 501 Equetus lanceolatus ...... Jackknife-fish ...... 539 Stegastes adustus ...... Dusky Damselfish ...... 502 Larimus fasciatus ...... Banded Drum ...... 540 Stegastes leucostictus ...... Beaugregory ...... 503 *Leiostomus xanthurus ...... Spot ...... 541 Stegastes partitus ...... Bicolor Damselfish ...... 504 Menticirrhus americanus ...... Southern Kingfish ...... 542 Stegastes planifrons ...... Threespot Damselfish ...... 505 Menticirrhus littoralis ...... Gulf Kingfish ...... 543 Stegastes variabilis ...... Cocoa Damselfish ...... 506 Menticirrhus saxatilis ...... Northern Kingfish ...... Labridae: [15] 507 Micropogonias undulatus ...... Atlantic Croaker ...... 544 pulchellus ...... Spotfin Hogfish ...... 508 Pareques acuminatus ...... High-hat ...... 545 Bodianus rufus ...... Spanish Hogfish ...... 509 Pareques iwamotoi ...... Blackbar Drum ...... 546 puellaris ...... Red Hogfish ...... 510 Pareques umbrosus ...... Cubbyu ...... 547 Halichoeres bathyphilus ...... Greenband Wrasse ...... 511 Pogonias cromis ...... Black Drum ...... 548 Halichoeres bivittatus ...... Slippery Dick ...... 512 Sciaenops ocellatus ...... Red Drum ...... 549 Halichoeres caudalis ...... Painted Wrasse ...... 513 Stellifer lanceolatus ...... Star Drum ...... 550 Halichoeres cyanocephalus ...... Yellowcheek Wrasse ...... 514 Umbrina coroides ...... Sand Drum ...... 551 Halichoeres garnoti ...... Yellowhead Wrasse ...... Mullidae: Goatfishes [4] 552 Halichoeres poeyi ...... Blackear Wrasse ...... 515 martinicus ...... ...... 553 Halichoeres radiatus ...... Puddingwife ...... 516 auratus ...... Red Goatfish ...... 554 Lachnolaimus maximus ...... Hogfish ...... 517 maculatus ...... Spotted Goatfish ...... 555 Tautoga onitis ...... Tautog ...... 518 parvus ...... Dwarf Goatfish ...... 556 Tautogolabrus adspersus ...... Cunner ...... Kyphosidae: Sea Chubs [2] 557 Thalassoma bifasciatum ...... Bluehead ...... 519 incisor ...... Yellow Chub ...... 558 Xyrichthys novacula ...... Pearly Razorfish ...... 520 ...... Chub ...... Scaridae: Parrotfishes [4] Chaetodontidae: [7] 559 Cryptotomus roseus ...... Bluelip Parrotfish ...... 521 capistratus ...... Foureye ...... 560 usta ...... Emerald Parrotfish ...... 522 Chaetodon ocellatus ...... ...... 561 Scarus iseri ...... Striped Parrotfish ...... 523 Chaetodon sedentarius ...... ...... 562 Sparisoma rubripinne ...... Yellowtail Parrotfish ...... 524 Chaetodon striatus ...... ...... Zoarcidae: Eelpouts [2] 525 Prognathodes aculeatus ...... Longsnout Butterflyfish ...... 563 Lycenchelys verrillii ...... Wolf Eelpout ...... 526 Prognathodes aya ...... Bank Butterflyfish ...... 564 Melanostigma atlanticum ...... Atlantic Soft Pout ...... 527 Prognathodes guyanensis ...... Guyana Butterflyfish ...... Percophidae: Duckbills [1] Pomacanthidae: Angelfishes [6] 565 Bembrops gobioides ...... Goby Flathead ...... 528 argi ...... ...... Ammodytidae: Sand Lances [1] 529 ...... Blue Angelfish ...... 566 Ammodytes americanus ...... American Sand Lance ......

NC Biodiversity Project: Marine Fishes of North Carolina nc-biodiversity.com Version: Revised November 2021 Page 8 Uranoscopidae: Stargazers [3] : Gobies [26] 567 guttatus ...... Northern ...... 602 Gnatholepis thompsoni ...... Goldspot Goby ...... 568 Astroscopus y-graecum ...... ...... 603 Gobioides broussonnetii ...... Violet Goby ...... 569 albigutta ...... Lancer Stargazer ...... 604 Gobionellus oceanicus ...... Highfin Goby ...... Dactyloscopidae: Sand Stargazers [2] 605 ...... Naked Goby ...... 570 Dactyloscopus moorei ...... Speckled Stargazer ...... 606 ...... Seaboard Goby ...... 571 Dactyloscopus tridigitatus ...... Sand Stargazer ...... 607 Gobiosoma robustum ...... Code Goby ...... Blenniidae: Combtooth Blennies [7] 608 Lythrypnus elasson ...... Dwarf Goby ...... 572 Chasmodes bosquianus ...... Striped Blenny ...... 609 Lythrypnus phorellus ...... Convict Goby ...... 573 Hypleurochilus geminatus ...... Crested Blenny ...... 610 Lythrypnus spilus ...... Bluegold Goby ...... 574 Hypsoblennius hentz ...... Feather Blenny ...... 611 Microgobius carri ...... Seminole Goby ...... 575 Hypsoblennius ionthas ...... Freckled Blenny ...... 612 Microgobius gulosus ...... Clown Goby ...... 576 Ophioblennius macclurei ...... Redlip Blenny ...... 613 Microgobius thalassinus ...... Green Goby ...... 577 Parablennius marmoreus ...... Seaweed Blenny ...... 614 Priolepis hipoliti ...... Rusty Goby ...... 578 Scartella cristata ...... Molly Miller ...... Microdesmidae: Wormfishes [2] Labrisomidae: Blennies [2] 615 Microdesmus longipinnis ...... Pink Wormfish ...... 579 nuchipinnis ...... Hairy Blenny ...... 616 Ptereleotris calliura ...... Blue Dartfish ...... 580 ocellata ...... Checkered Blenny ...... Ephippidae: Spadefishes [1] : Tube Blennies [1] 617 Chaetodipterus faber ...... Atlantic Spadefish ...... 581 Emblemaria piratula ...... Pirate Blenny ...... Luvaridae: Louvar [1] : Clingfishes [1] 618 Luvarus imperialis ...... Louvar ...... 582 Gobiesox strumosus ...... Skilletfish ...... : Surgeonfishes [3] Callionymidae: [3] 619 bahianus ...... Ocean Surgeon ...... 583 Diplogrammus pauciradiatus ...... Spotted ...... 620 Acanthurus chirurgus ...... Doctorfish ...... 584 Foetorepus agassizii ...... Spotfin Dragonet ...... 621 Acanthurus coeruleus ...... Blue Tang ...... 585 Paradiplogrammus bairdi ...... Lancer Dragonet ...... Sphyraenidae: [3] Eleotridae: Sleepers [3] 622 Sphyraena ...... Great Barracuda ...... 586 *Dormitator maculatus ...... Sleeper ...... 623 Sphyraena borealis ...... Northern Sennet ...... 587 * amblyopsis ...... Largescaled Spinycheek Sleeper 624 Sphyraena guachancho ...... Guaguanche ...... 588 Erotelis smaragdus ...... Emerald Sleeper ...... : Snake [7] Gobiidae: Gobies [26] 625 Diplospinus multistriatus ...... Striped Escolar ...... 589 *Awaous banana ...... River Goby ...... 626 Gempylus serpens ...... ...... 590 Bathygobius soporator ...... Frillfin Goby ...... 627 Lepidocybium flavobrunneum ...... Escolar ...... 591 Bollmannia sp...... an undescribed goby ...... 628 Nealotus tripes ...... ...... 592 Coryphopterus glaucofraenum ..... Bridled Goby ...... 629 ...... Black Gemfish ...... 593 Coryphopterus punctipectophorus Spotted Goby ...... 630 Promethichthys prometheus ...... Roudi Escolar ...... 594 Ctenogobius boleosoma ...... Darter Goby ...... 631 Ruvettus pretiosus ...... Oilfish ...... 595 Ctenogobius saepepallens ...... Dash Goby ...... Trichiuridae: Cutlassfishes [3] 596 *Ctenogobius shufeldti ...... Freshwater Goby ...... 632 taeniatus ...... Channel Scabbardfish ...... 597 Ctenogobius stigmaticus ...... Marked Goby ...... 633 altifrons ...... Crested Scabbardfish ...... 598 xanthiprora ...... Yellowprow Goby ...... 634 lepturus ...... Atlantic Cutlassfish ...... 599 Evermannichthys metzelaari ...... Roughtail Goby ...... : Mackerels and [16] 600 Evermannichthys spongicola ...... Goby ...... 635 Acanthocybium solandri ...... ...... 601 *Evorthodus lyricus ...... Lyre Goby ......

NC Biodiversity Project: Marine Fishes of North Carolina nc-biodiversity.com Version: Revised November 2021 Page 9 Scombridae: Mackerels and Tunas [cont.] Scophthalmidae: [1] 636 Auxis rochei ...... Bullet Mackerel ...... 671 Scophthalmus aquosus ...... Windowpane ...... 637 Auxis thazard ...... Frigate Mackerel ...... : Sand Flounders [20] 638 Euthynnus alletteratus ...... Little Tunny ...... 672 dilecta ...... Three-eye Flounder ...... 639 Katsuwonus pelamis ...... Skipjack ...... 673 Ancylopsetta ommata ...... Ocellated Flounder ...... 640 sarda ...... Atlantic ...... 674 arctifrons ...... Gulf Stream Flounder ...... 641 colias ...... Atlantic ...... 675 Citharichthys cornutus ...... Horned Whiff ...... 642 Scomber scombrus ...... ...... 676 Citharichthys gymnorhinus ...... Anglefin Whiff ...... 643 cavalla ...... ...... 677 Citharichthys macrops ...... Spotted Whiff ...... 644 Scomberomorus maculatus ...... ...... 678 Citharichthys spilopterus ...... Bay Whiff ...... 645 Scomberomorus regalis ...... ...... 679 Cyclopsetta fimbriata ...... Spotfin Flounder ...... 646 alalunga ...... Albacore ...... 680 crossotus ...... Fringed Flounder ...... 647 Thunnus albacares ...... ...... 681 Etropus cyclosquamus ...... Shelf Flounder ...... 648 Thunnus atlanticus ...... Blackfin Tuna ...... 682 Etropus microstomus ...... Smallmouth Flounder ...... 649 Thunnus obesus ...... ...... 683 Etropus rimosus ...... Gray Flounder ...... 650 Thunnus thynnus ...... ...... 684 Gastropsetta frontalis ...... Shrimp Flounder ...... Xiphiidae: [1] 685 Paralichthys albigutta ...... Gulf Flounder ...... 651 Xiphias gladius ...... Swordfish ...... 686 Paralichthys dentatus ...... ...... Istiophoridae: [4] 687 *Paralichthys lethostigma ...... ...... 652 Istiophorus platypterus ...... Sailfish ...... 688 Paralichthys oblongus ...... Fourspot Flounder ...... 653 Kajikia albida ...... White Marlin ...... 689 Paralichthys squamilentus ...... Broad Flounder ...... 654 Makaira nigricans ...... Blue Marlin ...... 690 Syacium micrurum ...... Channel Flounder ...... 655 Tetrapturus pfluegeri ...... Longbill Spearfish ...... 691 Syacium papillosum ...... Dusky Flounder ...... Centrolophidae: Medusafishes [2] : Righteye Flounders [2] 656 Hyperoglyphe perciformis ...... Barrelfish ...... 692 Glyptocephalus cynoglossus ...... Witch Flounder ...... 657 Schedophilus medusophagus ...... Brown Ruff ...... 693 Pseudopleuronectes americanus . Winter Flounder ...... Nomeidae: Driftfishes [4] : Lefteye Flounders [6] 658 Cubiceps pauciradiatus ...... Bigeye Cigarfish ...... 694 ocellatus ...... Eyed Flounder ...... 659 Nomeus gronovii ...... Man-of-war Fish ...... 695 Bothus robinsi ...... ...... 660 Psenes cyanophrys ...... Freckled Driftfish ...... 696 Engyophrys senta ...... Spiny Flounder ...... 661 Psenes pellucidus ...... Bluefin Driftfish ...... 697 Monolene antillarum ...... Slim Flounder ...... Ariommatidae: Ariommatids [3] 698 Monolene sessilicauda ...... Deepwater Flounder ...... 662 Ariomma bondi ...... Silver-rag ...... 699 Trichopsetta ventralis ...... Sash Flounder ...... 663 Ariomma melanum ...... Brown Driftfish ...... Achiridae: American Soles [3] 664 Ariomma regulus ...... Spotted Driftfish ...... 700 Achirus lineatus ...... Lined Sole ...... Tetragonuridae: Squaretails [1] 701 Gymnachirus melas ...... Naked Sole ...... 665 Tetragonurus atlanticus ...... Bigeye Squaretail ...... 702 *Trinectes maculatus ...... Hogchoker ...... : Butterfishes [3] Cynoglossidae: [9] 666 burti ...... Gulf Butterfish ...... 703 Symphurus billykrietei ...... Chocolate-banded ..... 667 ...... Harvestfish ...... 704 Symphurus civitatium ...... Offshore Tonguefish ...... 668 Peprilus triacanthus ...... American Butterfish ...... 705 Symphurus diomedeanus ...... Spottedfin Tonguefish ...... Caproidae: Boarfishes [2] 706 Symphurus marginatus ...... Margined Tonguefish ...... 669 capros ...... ...... 707 Symphurus minor ...... Largescaled Tonguefish ...... 670 Antigonia combatia ...... Shortspine Boarfish ......

NC Biodiversity Project: Marine Fishes of North Carolina nc-biodiversity.com Version: Revised November 2021 Page 10 Cynoglossidae: Tonguefishes [cont.] Diodontidae: [6] 708 Symphurus nebulosus ...... Freckled Tonguefish ...... 745 Diodon holocanthus ...... Balloonfish ...... 709 Symphurus plagiusa ...... Blackcheek Tonguefish ...... 746 Diodon hystrix ...... Spot-fin ...... 710 Symphurus pusillus ...... Spottail Tonguefish ...... Molidae: Molas [3] 711 Symphurus urospilus ...... Spottail Tonguefish ...... 747 Masturus lanceolatus ...... ...... Triacanthodidae: Spikefishes [1] 748 Mola mola ...... ...... 712 Parahollardia lineata ...... Jambeau ...... 749 Ranzania laevis ...... Slender Sunfish ...... Balistidae: [5] 713 Balistes capriscus ...... Gray ...... The following are found in both the Freshwater species list and the Marine species list: 714 Balistes vetula ...... Queen Triggerfish ...... 1 Acipenser brevirostrum 715 Canthidermis maculata ...... Rough Triggerfish ...... 2 Acipenser oxyrinchus 716 Canthidermis sufflamen ...... Ocean Triggerfish ...... 3 Alosa aestivalis 717 Xanthichthys ringens ...... Sargassum Triggerfish ...... 4 Alosa mediocris Monacanthidae: [9] 5 Alosa pseudoharengus 718 heudelotii ...... Dotterel ...... 6 Alosa sapidissima 719 Aluterus monoceros ...... Unicorn Filefish ...... 7 Anchoa mitchilli 720 ...... Orange Filefish ...... 8 Anguilla rostrata 721 ...... Scrawled Filefish ...... 9 Apeltes quadracus 722 pullus ...... ...... 10 Awaous banana 723 ciliatus ...... Fringed Filefish ...... 11 Brevoortia tyrannus 724 Monacanthus tuckeri ...... Slender Filefish ...... 12 Ctenogobius shufeldti 725 hispidus ...... Planehead Filefish ...... 13 Cyprinodon variegatus 726 Stephanolepis setifer ...... Pygmy Filefish ...... 14 Dajaus monticola : Boxfishes [4] 15 Dormitator maculatus 727 Acanthostracion polygonius ...... Honeycomb Cowfish ...... 16 Dorosoma cepedianum 728 Acanthostracion quadricornis ...... Scrawled Cowfish ...... 17 Dorosoma petenense 729 Lactophrys trigonus ...... Buffalo Trunkfish ...... 18 Eleotris amblyopsis 730 Lactophrys triqueter ...... Smooth Trunkfish ...... 19 Evorthodus lyricus : Puffers [10] 20 Fundulus confluentus 731 Canthigaster jamestyleri ...... Goldface Toby ...... 21 Fundulus heteroclitus 732 Canthigaster rostrata ...... Sharpnose Puffer ...... 22 Gambusia holbrooki 733 Lagocephalus laevigatus ...... Smooth Puffer ...... 23 Leiostomus xanthurus 734 Lagocephalus lagocephalus ...... Oceanic Puffer ...... 24 Lepisosteus osseus 735 Sphoeroides dorsalis ...... Marbled Puffer ...... 25 Lucania parva 736 Sphoeroides maculatus ...... Northern Puffer ...... 26 Menidia beryllina 737 Sphoeroides nephelus ...... Southern Puffer ...... 27 Morone americana 738 Sphoeroides pachygaster ...... Blunthead Puffer ...... 28 Morone saxatilis 739 Sphoeroides spengleri ...... Bandtail Puffer ...... 29 Mugil cephalus 740 Sphoeroides testudineus ...... Checkered Puffer ...... 30 Paralichthys lethostigma Diodontidae: Porcupinefishes [6] 31 Petromyzon marinus 741 antillarum ...... Web Burrfish ...... 32 Poecilia latipinna 742 Chilomycterus reticulatus ...... Spotted Burrfish ...... 33 Strongylura marina 743 Chilomycterus schoepfi ...... Striped Burrfish ...... 34 Trinectes maculatus 744 Diodon eydouxii ...... Pelagic Porcupinefish ......

NC Biodiversity Project: Marine Fishes of North Carolina nc-biodiversity.com Version: Revised November 2021 Page 11 State Status and US Status: E = Endangered

References: Fricke, R., W.N. Eschmeyer, and R. Van der Laan. (eds). 2020. Eschmeyer’s catalog of fishes: genera, species, references. (http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatmain.asp). Electronic version accessed 2019-2020.

Kells, V., and K. Carpenter. 2011. A Field Guide to Coastal Fishes: from Maine to Texas. The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, MD.

NCFishes website:

Nelson, J.S., and T.C. Grande. 2016. Fishes of the World; 5th Edition. John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, NJ.

Page, L.M., H. Espinosa-Pérez, L.T. Findley, C.R. Gilbert, R. N. Lea, N.E. Mandrak, R.L. Mayden, and J.S. Nelson. 2013. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States, Canada, and Mexico. 7th edition. American Society, Bethesda, MD. 384p. (Available at: https://fisheries.org/books-journals/writing-tools/names-of-fishes-searchable-version/).

Robins, C.R., G. C. Ray, and J. Douglass. 1986. A Field Guide to Atlantic Coast Fishes of . Houghton Mifflin Co., Boston, MA.

Compiled by Harry LeGrand Developed by Tom Howard

NC Biodiversity Project: Marine Fishes of North Carolina nc-biodiversity.com Version: Revised November 2021 Page 11