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Binóculos/Pequenos Telescópios (Estrelas, Asterismos, Objectos Do Céu Profundo)

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Binóculos/Pequenos Telescópios (Estrelas, Asterismos, Objectos Do Céu Profundo) Lista de observação - binóculos/pequenos telescópios (estrelas, asterismos, objectos do céu profundo) Abreviaturas: a.l. (ano-luz) | BS (brilho de superfície) | dimens. (dimensão aparente do objecto) | EA (enxame aberto) | EG (enxame globular) | gal. (galáxia)| M (milhão, utilizado nas distâncias extragalácticas) | magn. (magnitude) | neb. (nebulosa) | ND (nebulosa difusa - de emissão, reflexão ou escura) | NP (nebulosa planetária) | RS (remanescente de supernova) | sep. (separação aparente componentes estrelas duplas, em segundos ou em minutos de arco) | Os Pontos Cardeais e subdivisões são também abreviados. Incluem-se as descrições NGC (v. explicação abreviaturas no ANEXO1) e notas do catálogo SAC (v.7.2). DESIGNAÇÃO CONST. A.R./DECL. COMENTÁRIO M31 AND 0h 43m/+41° 23' Galáxia de Andrómeda, Universo-IIha a 2.5 milhões de a.l. Espiral, magn. 3.5, dimens. 178’x63’. Mancha elíptica c/ núcleo nítido, excepcional pela dimensão e detalhe (maioria das galáxias observam-se como pequenas manchas redondas e difusas, sem detalhes estruturais). Satélites: M32 (magn. 8.1, BS 12, 8.5’x6.5’, vê-se como estrela difusa) e M110 (magn. 7.9, BS 12, 20’x12’, mais difícil). (!!!eeB,eL,vmE / Local Group;Andromeda Galaxy;nearest spiral) NGC752 AND 1h 58m/+37° 56' EA interessante com magn. 5.7, dimens. 49’, um bom número de estrelas ténues ou com brilho moderado. Dista 1300 a.l. (Cl,vvL,Ri,*L & S,C / H VII 32;Best in RFT or binocs;Ir scattered cl 70* mags 8...) NGC7662 AND 23h 26m/+42° 39' “Blue Snowball”, NP visível como uma estrela em equip. binoculares. Magn. 8.5, BS 7, dimens. 0.5’, dista 2500 a.l. (!!! Planetary or annular neb,vB,pS,R,blue / Blue Snowball Nebula;H IV 18;Barnard-cent * variable?) B142-3 AQL 19h 40'/+10° 57' “Barnard’s E”, “E-Nebula”, nebulosa escura, delicada e obscura silhueta, presença em forma de ‘E’, próximo de Tarazed (Gamma). Dista 2000 a.l. M2 AQR 21h 34m/-0° 43' EG, a N de Sadalsuud (Beta Aquarii); notável BS, magn. 6.6, diâmetro 16’. Dista 37500 a.l. (!!B,vL,gpmbM,rrr,st eS / Lord Rosse-Dark area near core;* mags 13...) NGC7009 AQR 21h 5m/-11° 16' "Saturn Nebula", NP, magn. 8, BS 6, dimens. 35”, puntiforme nas ampliações modestas. Dista 5200 a.l. (!!! vB,S,elliptic / Saturn Nebula;H IV 1;bright blue-green disk) 14 ARI 02h 10m/+26° 2' Estrela tripla, 2.5 graus a N de Hamal. Duas componentes são brilhantes (5ª e 8ª magn., sep. 103"). Dista cerca de 320 a.l. M36, M37 e M38 AUR 5h 37m/+34° 9' (M36) Enxames abertos, vizinhos, magnitudes 6.0/5.6/6.4, respectivamente. M37 e M38 são mais amplos (15’), M36 ocupa somente 10’ mas é definido, M38 aparentemente mais difuso, M37 soberbo! Distâncias situam-se entre 4000 e 4500 a.l. (M36: Cl,B,vL,vRi,lC,*9..11 / in Aur OB1;incl Struve 737 10.7''sep; M37:!!Cl,Ri,pCM,st L & S / Total population 500*;dark area near center; M38: Cl,B,vL,vRi,iF,st L & S / in Aur OB1;Burnham-shaped like Greek letter Pi) NGC2281 AUR 6h 49m/+41° 3' EA c/ dimensão mediana, destacado mas pobre em termos de densidade. Magn. 5.4, dimens. 15’. Dist. 1820 a.l. (Cl,pRi,vlC,st pL / H VIII 71) "Cheshire Cat" AUR circa 5h 35m/+35° 00m Ou “Smiley Face”. O “sorriso” deste curioso asterismo situa-se entre M38 e NGC1893 (este último objecto muito ténue) "Leaping Minnow" AUR circa 5h 20m/+33° 40m Asterismo. O padrão do “peixinho” (decerto influenciado por Delphinus) inclui as estrelas 14, 16, 17 e 19 Aurigae Delta BOO 15h 16m/+33° 14' “Princeps”. Dupla, magn. 3.47/7.87, sep. 2.1’. Dista 116 a.l. KEMBLE1 CAM circa 3h 59m/+63° 08' “Kemble’s Cascade”. Asterismo, belíssima concatenação linear de estrelas. A “cascata” termina no objecto NGC1502 Página 1 de 10 | rjtx.hopto.org/sphaera STOCK23 CAM 3h 16m/+60° 05' "Pazmino's Cluster", EA, excelente alvo binocular, parece uma miniatura das Plêiades. Dista 1240 a.l. NGC2403 CAM 7h 38m/+65° 33' Galáxia relativamente acessível c/ magn. 8.1, BS 13, 21.9’x12.3’. Observa-se mancha ampla, oval, ténue. Dist. Supera 8M a.l. (!! cB,eL,vmE,vgmbMN / H V 44;in M81 group;many well res irreg arms;broad bar) M30 CAP 21h 41m/23° 4' EG, situa-se numa região pouco povoada. Magn. 6.9, dimens. 12’. Dista 27140 a.l. (!,B,L,lE,gpmbM,st 12...16 / Wm. Herschel saw very elliptical shape) Alpha CAP 20h 19m/-12° 28' Algedi. Dupla, 3.6/4.3, sep. 381' (6.6’). Dista 109 a.l. M103 CAS +60° 45'/+60° 45' EA, magn. 7.4, pequeno, pobre, somente c/ 6’. Envolvente rica. Dista 10000 a.l. (Cl,pL,B,R,Ri,*10..11 / in Cas OB8;incl Struve 131 6-9m 14'') M52 CAS 23h 25m/+61° 43' EA, magn. 6.9, dimens. 16’, configuração triangular, dist. 5000 a.l. Próximo situa-se o objecto 7510 (CEP), também aberto, 7’, magn. 7.9. (L,Ri,mCM,*9..13 / Messier saw neby there is none) NGC457 CAS 1h 20m/+58° 24' "Owl", "ET ", EA, magn. 6.4, dimens. 13’. Dista 7900 a.l. (Cl,B,L,pRi,*7,8,10 / H VII 42;Phi Cas is not a member;Not incl in mag) NGC663 CAS 1h 47m/+61° 19' EA. Pertence, com os vizinhos 654, 659 e M103 ao agrupamento “Cassiopeia OB8” da Galáxia. Conspícuo, 15’, magn. 7.1. Dista 7000 a.l. (Cl,B,L,eRi,st pL / H VI 31;In Cas OB8;incl Struve 151 152 & 153) NGC7789 CAS 23h 58m/+56° 49' “White Rose”, EA compacto, granular, muitas estrelas ténues resultam numa mancha difusa. Magn. 6.7, dimens. 15’. Exige céu escuro. (Cl,vL,vRi,vmC,st 11...18 / H VI 30;1000 members from 11 to 18 mag) STOCK2 CAS 2h 16m/+59° 21' "Muscleman Cluster", EA com imensas estrelas ténues, perceptível “desenho” antropomórfico estilizado, quase em “X”. (13''-vB,vL,nC,vRi at 60X; 88*, nice chains / 2 deg north of Double Cluster; easy in binocs) Mu CEP 21h 44m/+58° 52' “Garnet Sidus“. Estrela admirável, cor peculiar como nome sugere, Distância estimada 5261 a.l. NGC6939 e 6946 CEP 6939: 20h 31m/+60° 44'; Nas imediações de Eta e Theta. Observáveis no mesmo campo de visão. 6939 é um enxame aberto c/ 10’ e 6946: 20h 35m/+60° 13' magn. 7.8. 6946 é uma gal. espiral (na fronteira CEP/CYG) c/ magn. 9 e tamanho 11.5’ no maior eixo. Imersos na poeira interestelar que existe nesta direcção. (6939: Cl,pL,eRi,pCM,*11..16 / H VI 42;Gal N6946 38' SE; 6946: vF,vL,vg,vsbM,rr / H IV 76;One of nearest spirals) NGC7160 CEP 21h 54m/ +62° 42' EA modesto, localizável a partir da “Garnet” e de Nu. Exibe pouca concentração, magn. 6.1, dimens. 13’. (Cl,P,vlC / H VIII 67;In Cep OB2) NGC7510 CEP 23h 12m/ +60° 41' EA, magn. 7.9, dimens. 7’, próximo de M52. (Cl,pRi,pC,fan-sh,*pB / H VII 44;L region of F neby to SE) Omicron CET 02h 20m/ -2° 52' Mira. Dupla e célebre variável de longo período (variação 3.6-9.3 num período de 334 dias). Dista 419 a.l. M41 CMa 6h 46m/-20° 46' EA conspícuo, magn. 4.5; 39’, localiza-se 4 graus a S de Sirius. Dista 2300 a.l. (Cl,vL,B,lC,st 8... / 150 members to 13 mag;orange * near center) NGC2362 CMa 7h 19m/-24° 59' EA pequeno, c/ 6’, magn. 3.8. Destaca-se no enxame a lucida Tau Canis Majoris. (Cl,pL,Ri,(30 CMA) / H VII 17;40 * to 13 mag surround Tau Cma;sev pairs) NGC2360 CMa 7h 18m/-15° 40' “Caroline’s Cluster”, magn. 7.2, dimens. 13’, cerca de 3.5 graus E de Muliphein (Gamma) e 8 graus a E de Sirius. (Cl,vL,Ri,pC,st9...12 / H VII 12) M44 CNC 8h 41m/+19° 35' "Praesepe", "Beehive" (“Colmeia”). EA, magn. 3.1, visível a olho nu, enorme (1.2 graus) e esparso. Dista 577 a.l. Tipico objecto binocular. (!!Praesepe / Beehive;200 memb to 14 mag) M67 CNC 8h 52m/+11° 44' EA, magn. 6.9, dimens. 25’. Próximo de Acubens, textura interessante, c/ nebulosidade, alongado E-O. Um dos enxames mais longevos (idade estimada entre 3200 e 5000 biliões de anos), situa-se a cerca de 2700 a.l. (! Cl,vB,vL,eRi,lC,*10...15 / 500 memb to 16 mag;Mallas-dark spot near center) Página 2 de 10 | rjtx.hopto.org/sphaera MEL111 COM 12h 26m/+25° 53' O enorme e próximo (280 a.l.) EA de Coma Berenices. 40 estrelas, magn. 1.8, dimens. 7.5 graus. Exclusivamente binocular. (10X50-eB,eL,nRi,nC; 32* in arrowhead shape / Coma Berenices star cluster) M53 COM 13h 13m/+18° 3' EG compacto, magn. 7.7, dimens. 13’, muito próximo de Alpha. (!B,vC,iR,vvmbM,st 12... / 1 deg NE of Alpha Comae Berenices) M64 COM 12h 57m/+21° 34' “Black Eye”. Galáxia, dimens. 10.0’x5.4’, magn. 8.5, BS 12, surge como pequeníssima mancha alongada. Exige abertura. (!vB,vL,vmE120,bM,SBN / Blackeye Galaxy;dark marking nr center) M3 CVn 13h 43m/+28° 16' EG brilhante e compacto, magn. 6.3, dimens. 18’. Dista 33900 a.l. (!!,eB,vL,vsmbM,st 11.. / Lord Rosse-sev dark marks within 5' of center) M51 CVn 13h 30m/+47° 5' Gal. "Whirlpool", redemoinho resultante da interacção com NGC5195, não é observável c/ binóc.
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