Cornish American Heritage Society descendants. Law offices, banks and insurance companies utilize the SSDI toresolve probate cases and to locate heirs. family history. Forensic specialists utilize the SSDI when reuniting remains of military veterans with their next The SSDI accessed is by many different companies, non Loss ofAccess toSSDI Affects More Than Genealogists an attempt is short the SSDI genealogists by as wellas other industries such as banking and insurance thatrely upon its information. Such The House Ways and Means Committee Subcommittee on Security Social is proposing to completely shut downuse of Tax Fraud andIdentity Theft: Genealogists Are Not To Blame and matching cases identified for special processing, the thief should receive arejection notice forthe filing. for which wasit created: toreduce fraud. Ifreturns claiming a refund tax were screened against the Master Death File The IRS could close the door to form this of identity theft if, in it fact, were touse the Death FileMaster for thepurpose quiring a deceased person’s SocialSecurity number. since this file, as found on numerous genealogy the Internal Revenue Service (IRS). Thecurrent target theis SecuritySocial DeathIndex (SSDI) orDeath Master File Each year, fraudulent refundtax claims based upon identity theft from recently deceased infants and adults are filed with Call ToAction For IRS ToDo ItsJob Theft NOW! campaign with its We ThePeople petition posted atWhiteHouse.gov. genealogicalal societies representing millions of genealogists andfamily historians February 7,2012 a state ( if: What 1 b ) TheIndexDeath Social Security available were online nolonger or( l e

RPAC Announces STOP ID Theft Now Petition Now Theft ID STOP Announces RPAC u were not made public for certificates,wereand notmade 125years,normarriages divorcerecords public avail- death n t

i l

a f t e r Genealogy Community Responds To Efforts To Remove Access

–

7 - Tam “ A“ bit of Cornish” Kernewek

sighted and runs counter to the original purpose of theSSDI: to actually combat fraud. Austin, TX 5 Volume 30 Issue 1 30 1 Issue Volume

y e a r to Socialto Security Death Index and Other Records

s ?

: TheRecords Preservation & Access Committee (RPAC)

-

oriented websites, could possibly bethe source of identity thieves ac-

- profits and other entities besides individuals researching their 1

– continued next page next continued

announces the launch ofits Stop ID 2 ) Birth certificates –

a joint coalition of internation-

Spring

- of 2011 2011 - in every kin andkin

RPAC con’t All of these entities would be required to spend more money and more time leveraging other resources of information when the SSDI has served this purpose, uninterrupted, for over a decade.

RPAC Petitions Obama Administration

The We the People petition, now posted at http://wh.gov/khE and accepting signatures, has a simple yet effective mission: Take immediate steps that would curtail the filing of fraudulent tax refund claims based upon identity theft from recently deceased infants and adults. [Note: Visitors to the WhiteHouse.gov website must log in to sign the petition, or click Create an Account to register. Once registered, return tohttp://wh.gov/khE to sign the petition.]

No need for lengthy hearings in front of a Congressional committee. No need for filing statements for or against any House action. No need to waste time and effort which could be directed to more pressing national issues. In fact, the National Taxpayer Advocate in 2011 issued suggestions which do not require additional legislation but can be implemented collaboratively between the IRS and So- cial Security Administration (SSA) almost immediately in time to impact the current tax filing season.

About Records Preservation & Access Committee (RPAC)

The Records Preservation & Access Committee (RPAC) was formed to advise the genealogical community on ensuring proper ac- cess to historical records of genealogical value in whatever media they are recorded, on means to affect legislation, and on supporting strong records preservation policies and practices.

The genealogical community works together through The Records Preservation and Access Committee (RPAC), which today includes The National Genealogical Society (NGS), the Federation of Genealogical Societies (FGS) and the International Association of Jewish Genealogical Societies (IAJGS) as voting members. The Association of Professional Genealogists (APG), the Board for Certification of Genealogists (BCG), the American Society of Genealogists (ASG), ProQuest and Ancestry.com serve as participating members.

Instructions for signing up at WhiteHouse.gov and signing the petition can be found at http://fgs.org/pdf/rpac_petition.pdf.

To learn more visit http://www.fgs.org/rpac/. Or http://www.geneabloggers.com/rpac-announces-stop-id-theft-campaign-white-house- petition/

Help get the word out to others!

- Post the link http://wh.gov/khE as part of a Status Update on Facebook if you have a Facebook account. Also, don’t forget to post to any Facebook pages or groups to which you are subscribed, including genealogical societies!

- If you use Twitter, include the link http://wh.gov/khE and briefly explain why signing the petition is important. The hash tag for this campaign is #openssdi.

- Consider putting the link http://wh.gov/khE in your email signature to let others know about the petition.

Taken from various emails from the Michigan Genealogical Council and Federation of Genealogical Societies.

^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

A VERY HAPPY BIRTHDAY TO MARY TOYE

Mary is a member of the

Cornish Heritage Society East

From the Cornish Crier Newsletter 2 PRESIDENT’S MESSAGE ~ Tom Rusch

It's amazing how we are attracted to things, especially from our childhood. They bring us wonder and comfort, before we even have a chance to understand why, and then we try to find that solace again when we mature. I have had that fascination with the Southwest area of Wisconsin, and its Cornishness is just an added benefit.

My maternal grandmother's side of the family comes from Cornwall and what is now Germany. All of my grandparents except for my grandmother Ada Deneen had passed before I was cognizant of what a grandparent was. Her family lived in Mineral Point and she had been a teacher of home eco- nomics and had taught in Mineral Point. She met my grandfather, who was also a teacher, and they moved to Shullsburg, some twenty-five miles south, when he got a job as principal and physics teacher. They spent their last years living in a massive house on the edge of town.

I remember visiting my grandmother and the long journeys from Milwaukee to Shullsburg as a child. Grandma died when I was nine. There were two family homes, one in Shullsburg and one in Miner- al Point, that went up for sale and auction upon her passing. It went all too fast, but I didn't realize that… I was just a kid.

Even after all of that generation and all shoestring relatives had passed, my family still visited south- western Wisconsin: The Badger Mine and Museum, Wisconsin cheese, Pendarvis, the rolling hills. There was always something to visit. And, of course, the cemetery. There is a lot of history written on the family plot. There were always stories and more questions. And when the genealogy bug hit my mother, she set out to answer them! Of course there isn't room to tell those stories here.

At some point in my early adulthood, the family trips turned into my own escapes. Mineral Point was only an hour from my job then, and I could leave it behind on a Sunday afternoon and eat a pasty or watch the colors change in the fall. And though many of the dates and places and ship names from Germany and relationships were answered by my Mom's research, the important ques- tions still remained unanswered: How happy was my family back then? Would they have liked me? Would we have been interested in the same things?

And that's why we do this Cornish thing… we find intriguing mystery in the research to be done and the questions left to be asked, and, by just thinking of our vast heritage, we find some serenity.

Penryn Fair and Prayer Book Rebellion from Tony Piper (Kernow) via Tom and Libby Luke

3 CORRESPONDENCE FROM SOCIETIES AND CORNISHJACK WEBSITE

Michael Bath of Quebec, CA recently posted a message at cousinjack.org, informing us that he and an associate (in Australia) had created a file of the Cornish descendants of Henry (Harry) Bathe of St. Breward, who died in 1617. The entries run from the mid 16th century down to the beginning of the 20th C. There are several families of migrants to the United States and Canada as well as Australia. Michael offered to provide a copy to CAHS if we felt it suitable for our archives.

Subsequently, Michael has forwarded this document to us. Although it is a lengthy document, it is searchable, and includes a list- ing of all the surnames for those who married into the Bath(e) family.

The file Michael has provided to us is deposited on disc in the CAHS Archives, Southwest Wisconsin Room, U. of Wisconsin Platteville, making it easy to search, and it is available to any researcher to use in the library.

Additionally, the staff will provide research services for those who make inquiries via e-mail, regular mail, telephone, etc. The fees for correspondence research are: 1) The first hour of research is free. 2) After the first hour of research the charge is $10.00 per hour.

Contact information: Southwest Wisconsin Room Karrmann Library University of Wisconsin-Platteville One University Plaza Platteville, WI 53818

Telephone: 608-342-11t9

E-mail: [email protected]

Copying charges are: 10 cents per copy for researchers in the library Corresponding: $3.00 minimum. This increases by 10 cents per copy after the number of copies has exceeded thirty (30).

We also learned that Michael is the online parish clerk for Stithians. You can see his website at http://freepages.genealogy.rootweb.ancestry.com/~stithiansopc/ .

Elsewhere in this issue of Tam Kernewek you will find an article telling you more about the Online Parish Project at http://cornwall-opc.org/ where you can also connect with OPCs for other parishes in Cornwall. This is a great source for finding roots in Cornwall. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

th Post Gathering notes, August 18 2011 by Phil Hosken

One of the features of my opening address at Mineral Point was the mention of a great variety of Cornish emigrant occupations. It was significant that only one of the people mentioned was actually a miner, the man who posed for the statue in Australia.

When the tales of riches to be found overseas reached the impoverished Cornish communities many people in all walks of life left to become miners. Listing miner as an occupation ensured their passage abroad; whether they all had the opportunity or ability to be miners was highly debatable. Very often their original skills were of greater use to them and those below ground than their attempts to start work at the mine face.

This opens an important aspect of Cornish emigration. It is possible that too often, without any substantiated evidence; we suppose that our ancestors must have been miners. The late Pat Lay, who analyzed the stated occupations of Cornish emigrants into Austral- ia, found that those believed to be miners were grossly over-estimated by subsequent generations.

While the historic emphasis is on the mining activity of those who did the actual digging, the men concerned required the support of a whole host of other occupations to make their work possible. Supplies had to be brought in and the ore or metal had to leave. At the mine site the number of surface workers and others in the neighborhood greatly exceeded those below ground. continued next page 4 Correspondence con’t An Opportunity to Support Penlee Lifeboat Station

In the surrounding community there was a need for people to President Kitty recently suggested that members of Cali- build roads, construct housing and industrial buildings, crush fornia Cornish Cousins and OTHER READERS might be and smelt ore, erect and operate steam engines, supply food, furniture and fuel, hew timber, make tools and clothing, offer interested in donating to the Penlee Lifeboat Station on this legal advice and religious ministration. There were also those 30th anniversary of the disaster and in gratitude for their who operated the mail and shipping lines, the river transport, ongoing heroic work. Kitty has supplied the following links maintained horse teams, laid railroad tracks and transported the for those of you who might be interested: fuel and ore. Then there were the long term members of the community who cleared and farmed the land to produce the crops and the countryside as we know it today. Most of these http://www.penleelifeboat.org.uk/ http://www.rnli.org.uk/ people never went down a mine. “””””””””””””””””””””””””””””””””””””””””””””””””””””””””””””””””””””””””””””””” Gegebic Taconite plans to mine in All these people, together with the wives and the families of Ashland / Iron Counties the unskilled workers from other countries made up the com- munities that grew into those we see today. Maybe we should I assume this guy is Cornish with a name like Nichols. look more closely at the occupations of our ancestors. Nichols is an author and award-winning columnist who has spent 20 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ years writing about Wisconsin, mostly for the Milwaukee Journal Senti- nel. His email address is [email protected]. Message from Grand Bard The message Grand Bard Mick Paynter, Skogynn Pryv, pre- Nichols: Keep job creation in 'mine' It wasn't geography, similarly, any pared on a DVD for us to share at the Gathering of Cornish fondness for economics or history or statistics that united opponents. Cousins in Mineral Point in August 2011 is available for local/ This new legislation needs a thorough review. Wisconsin's process for regional societies to borrow. The DVD is approximately twenty approving iron mining should be essentially the same as the one in Min- minutes in length and could be used as part of a society’s pro- nesota and Michigan, where there are plenty of mines. If the new legisla- gram about the Cornish Gorsedd. If you wish to borrow the tion doesn't accomplish that, it should. Then the state should try hard to DVD for a period of up to six (6) weeks, or have questions con- get out of the way. cerning it, please contact Dick Baker at 1520 Coventry Ct, It would be unfair to call all concerns whining. This is an enormous pro- Reedsburg, WI 53959; [e-mail] [email protected]; ject that needs to be studied carefully but also quickly and efficiently -- [telephone] (608) 534-1490 . and not over and over and over again in different venues. Many of the ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ opponents talk as if time matters not at all. Maybe they haven't been in From Kernow to Keweenaw: Iron and Ashland counties of late. Or maybe it's because -- unlike folks People in Search of Copper who have been a little too poor for a little too long -- the opponents I saw appeared to have one important and meaningful thing in common at the is an excellent article written by Jean Ellis for the Cornish hearing the other day: They already have jobs. World Heritage Mining project. It appears in the Autumn 2011 issue of the World Heritage Site newsletter at: Sent via email from Dorothy Beckwith ([email protected]) www.cornish-mining.org.uk At the top of the Home page, click on News. On that page, at ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ the right the link to the newsletter is given. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Celebrating 110th Year of Building With Music Like This Who Needs the Keweenaw Heritage Center Rubbish They Make Today The building was dedicated as St. Anne’s church in 1901 and Click here: "A Place in the Choir" - YouTube deconsecrated in 1966. It deteriorated for nearly 3 decades after that. Its life as the Keweenaw Heritage Center began in 1994, Great Celtic Choir bringing it to a new role in the community. For the past 17 years From Tom and Libby Luke community members have worked to restore the building and ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ allow it to become a focal point in preserving the heritage of the Keweenaw. myCornwall Based in the mining town of Redruth, myCornwall is Corn- This past summer the Open House featured a presentation of wall's most feature-filled magazine, including news, history, “The Men behind Buildings in Calumet” by Mike Forgrave. The art, events and much more. I'd love to hear from all cousin Noteworthy Chorus provided music for everyone’s enjoyment. Jacks and Jennies of the world, so please send me your news, Once again, there was fantastic support from musicians in the stories, letters and anything else you think we should hear effort to raise funds for universal accessibility. Volunteer guides about. I look forward to hearing from you! did great work in keeping the Center open for visitors, we have an Email: [email protected] updated website, the Board has been working hard to keep the From CAV newsletter #101 5 continued next page Correspondence con’t: he made a century ago and Miss Davies and her team will hope to achieve the mission he set out to achieve. Master Plan current and KHC received an award from the Up- She is the first woman to attempt to cross the continent per Peninsula Volunteer Network. Some of the musical produc- from North to South. tions included Musical Mondays with various groups singing This epic journey which will take 100-120 days is antici- pated to begin in the southern summer of 2014 . Miss and bands. Other concerts included organ, harp and pipe or- Davies will lead a team of six alongside Sebastian Coul- gan. For more information please visit our website: thard, a Royal Navy petty officer from Worchestershire. http://www.pasty.com/heritage They will be recruiting four volunteers to join them — a You can also Friend them on Facebook. medic, a photographer/ cameraman, an artist or poet and a scientist. Adapted from The Telegraph UK/expat. 21 Sept 2011 ################################################### Cornish Woman Adventurer Taken from the CAV newsletter From Andrew Ferris author of “Tinners and Sinners” ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Cornwall Council announces My book is now available on Kindle, which is a more convenient Archaeological Excavations at Lanyon way for anyone in the States to purchase. It has been reviewed in Cornwall Life magazine. Excavations of a Bronze Age site near Lanyon is a roundhouse settlement and field system, which is approximately 3500 years ************************************************************************ old. There are at least 12 roundhouses. Previous excavation of two of the roundhouses in the 1980s led to the recovery of Mid- manonabeach.co.uk dle Bronze Age and Iron Age artifacts and this has recently been confirmed by radiocarbon dating. Most days I visit a different beach in the county and make For more information go to http://www.cornwall.gov.uk 2 or 3 short films of the beach, including interviews asking people what the beach means to them. I've been doing ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ this for 5+ weeks now and you can see the results on the On September 11th, 16 Cornish Cousins gathered once more website. at Canal Park in Wharton for pasty lunch, business meeting, I hope your members will enjoy a view of Cornwall's and most important, to remember our Cornish hero Rick beaches and the people here on an almost live basis, as I Rescorla, with a moment of silence. Rescorla's name and pho- upload the films within hours of making them. to was front page news in the Star Ledger, the Arts Section of My project is a celebration of a fine county and people the NY Times reporting on the San Francisco Opera production who enjoy the beaches here. I would be grateful if you of "Life of a Soldier" about the life of Rick & his beloved wife. could give my work a mention in your newsletter, to ena- The entire group moved along to the Bridget Smith House in ble as many people as possible around the world to enjoy Mine Hill, once known as Irish Town. We were met there by this daily glimpse of Cornwall. board members of the Ferromonte Society Mary Ellen Bur-

From Ian Brighouse, Truro, Cornwall bridge and Gale Heiss. The Ferromonte Society has extensive >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> plans to restore this miner's cottage to its original condition. Gale & Mary Ellen gave us a detailed history of the area and of Cornish Association of Victoria the cottage. We thank them for spending their Sunday after- will host a Cornish Programme March 16-18, 2012, with noon with us and making our visit a special one. We hope to an Irish touch from March 14-25. There will be a bus trip make a return visit in two years to see more of the restoration. to Woop-Woop, and meet the Cornish concert. A Dahlia Festival Parade, Bardic Ceremony and a St. Piran’s Gala From Cornish Crier newsletter of the Heritage Society East dinner. It will wind up with a Cornish Church Service and Informal dinner.

Sounds like they will have a great time. +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Cornish Woman Adventurer

Jo Davies, from Calstock, an adventurer who has al- continued next page ready rowed across the Atlantic and skied across Green- land, now hopes to recreate the journey taken by the po- lar explorer, Ernest Shackleton. It will coincide with the centenary of Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition attempt 6

CORNWALL ONLINE PARISH CLERKS OPC’S

The Cornwall Online Parish Clerk project was envisioned by three gentlemen residing in Cornwall, Michael McCormick, David Stick, and Paul Brewer, while enjoying an extended repast at the Queen's Head, St. Ste- phen in Brannel, sometime in the year 2000. During further meetings, they sorted out the questions and decid- ed the group's structure - a rather unique concept. There is no "formal" structure, other than a person who co- ordinates the assignments of parishes to individuals.

In January, 2001, they announced the group to the Cornish Lists at Rootsweb, the world's largest free geneal- ogy resource, and asked for volunteers. List members from around the world responded. Through diligent recruiting efforts, and enthusiastic volunteers, the group has grown, as has the concept. In fact, it has expanded to several other Counties. Some of the OPCs have been with the group since its incep- tion; others are newly recruited.

The project became known as Cornwall Online Parish clerks (OPC), as the volunteers hold many of the same records as parish clerks of yesteryear.

Each volunteer takes on one or more parishes, and decides how they would like to proceed. The only require- ment is that they share their knowledge with researchers, at no charge. Many OPCs have chosen to transcribe Parish registers, and put those records online via their own websites. Others have posted them to the OPC website. Not all the transcriptions are for parishes with OPCs; be sure to check via our Parish Index page. Lastly, some OPCs prefer to receive email enquiries and provide lookups from materials they've gathered. All transcriptions are copyright of the individuals who produced them; they are on this site courtesy of those per- sons, and are intended for the use of individuals. Every precaution has been taken to ensure the accuracy of the work. However, as human error may occur, we recommend checking originals.

The Cornwall OPC project has an agreement with both the Cornwall Record Office and the Church of Latter- Day Saints, which have authorized transcription of their records. More than half of the OPCs are engaged in that work. As a result, the OPC website at http://cornwall-opc.org has an ever-growing searchable database.

Visit the website to learn more about the project, access the Parish Index for individual Parish information and the email addresses of OPCs, search their database (C-Prop) of Parish Register transcriptions for all of Cornwall, use other searches for non-conformist records, certificate data, voters lists, protestation returns, etc. In the Maps section you can discover geographical relationships and locations, and the Resources sec- tion is frequently updated with information that could help your research. ______

Correspondence con’t Quoit in the center. “Helen—this is like being in another world. Can you give me some background of the event?” ‘Crying the Neck’ in the last newsletter made me think of a new family “We are on a farm and you will notice many cornstalks lying on the that moved across the street from us in the 1970’s. We found out her ground.” father was my grandmother’s 2nd cousin. Their names were Melvin “What is the reason for the long row of corn still standing there?” and Verna Treglown. Melvin was a good writer and kept a journal. “It is harvest time and a time for rejoicing. It is a religious ceremony cele- After he died, their son gave me his journal about his trips to Cornwall. brated for many years but had been discontinued for some reason. In The journal reads “ Saturday, September 19, 1970, just after finishing 1928 it was revived by our society and held annually since then.” breakfast at the hotel, we received a call from Helen Derrington. “This There were at least 100 people present. Mr. Orchard, the president of afternoon the Old Cornwall Society is putting on an ancient Cornish the Society led the ceremony. The first song was sung with ferver and ceremony. It will be in a field outside of St. Just. Think you can make gusto since the Cornish love to raise their voices in song. it?” The ceremony continued as was written in Kitty Quayle’s article “with the “We’d be delighted to come. What is the name of the ceremony?” entire crowd responding with three resounding cheers. The sound was “It’s called ’Crying the Neck’.” almost deafening. I’m sure it could easily have been heard as far away Here we are in a field 4000 miles from our home in America. A spine as Ponsanooth. Thus the ceremony ended with another hymn. It stirred tingling sensation came over me as I viewed the assemblage congre- us to the depths. Now, we felt we were really Cornish.” gated there. We met Helen carrying a large banner inscribed with ‘St.Just—Old Cornwall Society’ in large letters with a picture of Lanyon 7 From letter to Carolyn Haines from Ernie Orchard, my Cornish Cousin Cornish Pump Engine and Mining Museum Iron Mountain, Michigan By Tommi O’Hagan

The famed Chapin Mine in Iron Mountain, Michigan, discovered in 1879, was one of the wettest iron mines ever to be worked. During its first ten years of production, ground pumps were able to take care of the con- stant accumulation of seeping water, but when mining was attempted at deeper levels, the problem became impossible for the ground pumps to handle.

The kind of extensive dewatering was known to be done only in the deep tin mines of Cornwall. The Cornish Pumping Engine was so named because it was patterned after the engines used in Cornwall’s mines. Edwin Reynolds, chief engineer for the E.P. Allis Company (now Allis-Chalmers Company) of Milwaukee, Wiscon- sin, designed the steeple compound condensing steam engine in 1890.

The engine’s high pressure cylinder has a 50-inch bore, and the low pressure cylinder is 100 inches in diame- ter. The stroke of the pistons is 10 feet. The flywheel alone is 40 feet in diameter, weighs 160 tons, and had an average normal speed of only ten revolutions per minute.

The “slot” for the flywheel is about 20 feet in depth below the bed of the engine and the big shaft which drove the wheel is 24 inches in diameter. The engine it- self extends 54 feet above the floor of the engine room. The designers estimated the weight to be 725 tons over all.

The engine was placed on the surface close to the boilers so that there was com- paratively little loss of steam by condensation, nor could the engine be damaged or stopped by a sudden flow of water into the mine. In an emergency of any kind, the mine could be completely shut down and allowed to fill with water without damage to the pumping equipment.

The pumping equipment utilized a reciprocating motion to a line of steel rods ex- tending 1,500 feet down into the mine, with eight pumps attached at intervals of 170 to 192 feet along the rods. Each of the pumps forced the water to the next higher pump and finally out of the surface of the mine.

As the engine was designed to run slowly, the pumps had a capacity of over 300 gallons per stroke of the pis- tons. At ten revolutions per minute, this meant that over 3,000 gallons of water could pour out every minute through the pipe line, which was 28 inches in diameter. A total of 5,000,000 gallons of water could be re- moved from the mines each day.

continued next page

8 Cornish Engine con’t

The engine began operation at “D: shaft of the Chapin Mine on January 4, 1893. The engine alone cost $82,500 in 1890. The portion of the pumping system located in the shaft cost much more, and the installation added brought the total expenditure to an estimated $250,000 for the entire pumping plant. Some estimates are much higher.

A crew of 60 men divided into three shifts was employed to operate the plant, including the men in the boiler house, engine house, and shaft.

The pump worked well at “D” shaft until underground conditions caused it to shift and the equipment was forced out of alignment. In 1896 it was dismantled and stored at a site known as the Sandbanks which was halfway between the original location and its present site at Ludington “C” shaft. The pumping engine went back into operation in 1908 at “C” shaft, where it dewatered the combined Chapin, Ludington and Hamilton mines, each of which had been operating in close proximity to the others.

The Cornish Pumping Engine and equipment were highly efficient at this site until, in 1914, the Oliver Mining Company put into operation at the Chapin the largest electrically driven centrifugal pumps in mine service in America at the time. Unable to adapt to the drive of the electric motors beneath her, the magnificent Cornish Pumping Engine, world famous as one of the wonders of the mechanical and steam age, stood idle and was kept only for use in case of accident to the other pumps.

The Cornish Pumping Engine Mining Museum and Gift Shop, built around the pump, offers the opportunity to relive the Menominee Range’s Colorful Iron Mining History. It is located two blocks West of U.S. 2 on Kent Street near downtown Iron Mountain, Michigan.

Credits to Historian Beatrice Blomquist, who researches this material, and the Menominee Range Historical Foundation for permission to use it.

Photos were taken during a visit to the museum in August 2011.

Bob O’Hagan standing at the rail around the pump gives a perspective of the size the this machine.

9

The West Briton Project

The West Briton and Cornwall Advertiser is the weekly newspaper read by Cornish Cousins since 1810. Not unlike some modern newspapers, the West Briton had stock market reports, accident coverage, ‘world’ news, bankruptcy hearings, police activity reports, births, marriages, deaths, and Letters to the Editor. It also included reports by mine of the volume of ore sold, purchaser, and the price. Shipwrecks were often reported in a country surrounded by so much water and marine activity and these would sometimes have dramatic reports of rescue activities – and perhaps pillaging !

So very often we hear “wherever there was a hole in the ground, you’d find a Cornish miner climbing out of it” or something similar. How did those Cornish immigrants learn of the slate quarries in Pennsylvania, the copper fields of the Upper Peninsula, the gold glim- mering in Colorado and California mountains, or the rich farm land in the Midwest?

The paper reported not only events in Cornwall, but the news of these finds as Cornish wandered all over the globe. Many consider the West Briton the best available source on Cornish life during the 19th century emigration of the Cornish from Cornwall. It is a valu- able resource for Cornish Cousins researching their heritage.

St. Piran’s Society of Minnesota is proud to have initiated the project to purchase the West Briton on microfilm to make this resource available in North America. With the contributions of individual members, regional societies and matching funds from CAHS, micro- film of 52 years of the paper have been purchased. The collection includes all years of the paper from 1836 through 1887. Some reels of microfilm contain more than one year of the paper.

Whatever your personal research interests, we sincerely hope you will take advantage of the opportunity to use this valuable resource. The microfilm is available for interlibrary loan from the library at the University of St. Thomas in St. Paul, MN. There is no charge for loans, but it is asked that requests be limited to three reels at any time, or less if you need to spend a lot of time on each reel. The loan period is six weeks including shipping time. Although St. Thomas does not normally circulate microfilm via interlibrary loan, a special arrangement has been made for these films. To use the microfilm through interlibrary loan, you must request the film through a public library and use it at the library.

A second set of microfilm is available for use on site in the Special Collections section of the St. Thomas library. [ Address below]

Information needed for requesting Interlibrary loan of the West Briton films: Address: Interlibrary Loan, Mail 5004 O’Shaughnessy-Frey Library 2115 Summit Ave. St. Paul, MN 55105-1096

OCLC symbol: MNT

Phone: 651-962-5405 FAX: 651-962-5406

St. Thomas library prefers to receive requests via OCLC but will accept ALA request forms sent via fax or mail. ______

The Cornish Studies Library celebrated 10 years at the Cornwall Center with an anniversary exhibition highlighting resources at the Library, including a display of antiquarian Cornish books and photographs from across Cornwall. The day began with tales of Cornish magic for pre-school children and a special book group. In the afternoon, authors Doreen Fioi and John Tagholm shared their stories. Further entertainment included Cor- nish dialect stories and anecdotes about life on Cornwall’s railways. The day ended in a good Cornish cream tea for around 60 people.

From the Archives and Cornish Studies Newsletter 10 MADRON HOLY WELL WEST CORNWALL by Kitty Quayle

We never refer to ourselves as being lost; we are merely “having an adventure.” And so it was, on a soft Spring morning, as my sister Rosemary and I cheerily motored along the Madron-to-Morvah Road in West Cornwall on our way to tour Trengwainton Gardens. Only, unbeknownst to us at the time, we were blithely headed in the opposite direction.

The first thing that diverted our attention from the road was the worn, squat, medieval stone cross rising from the grasses of the verge. The cross was quickly followed by a small road sign indicating an immediate turning to a Celtic well. Braking sharply, I made the turn onto the dirt track with only a small shriek from Rosemary and a barely perceptible sideways slide. As a student of Celtic history, I love all these ancient sites and have explored a number of them on the Penwith peninsula. A short distance along the lane, I began to execute a precision left turn between two dressed granite up- rights flanking the entrance to a narrow tree-lined avenue.

“I don’t think this is a road,” Rosemary quietly stated. “Sure it is,” I replied confidently as I eased the car between the granite gate posts, proof, to my mind, that the track was indeed a road and not the footpath my sister declared it to be. Soon, however, even our diminutive Ford Ka was challenged to squeeze past the bush- es crowding the lane. The white petals of hawthorn blossoms were thickly plastered to the wet car like a million fragrant snow flakes. “Hummm,” I reluctantly conceded, “You may be right.”

A bit of backing and a neat five-point turn had the Ka pointed in the corrected direction in no time and leaving it there, we set off on foot down the track. The trees leant together overhead form- ing a deep green tunnel, shrubs crowded in from the sides, while trailing vines crept along the path beneath our feet. Blowing mist and lowering skies lent a Brontë-esque air to the primal scene. Up the trail a bit, weathered scraps of fabric tied among the lower branches of the moss covered trees alerted us to the well’s loca- tion: these clouties were left by supplicants seeking cures, proof that the old ways are not forgotten. The clear water gathered in a low spot, surrounded by dark, boggy ground and low-growing plants. The woods beyond were dark and the silence was unbroken even by birdsong. The energy of the place was palpable, causing my normally calm and logical sister to whisper, “Are there witches here?”

“Define witch,” was my reply. The spirit of the well enveloped us as we carefully made our way off the path and deeper into the woods, to the lone rowan sheltering the source of the spring within a low ring of stones. The rowan itself is a tree sacred to the Ancients for its protective powers. Bending to the pool, I bathed my newly post-surgical knees with the cool still water and drank a palm-full. Adding my cloutie to the rest, I gave silent thanks to the resident spirits, then slowly retraced my steps.

As with many old wells, the waters at Madron are famed for their curative powers. Mothers would bring their sickly children to the well on the first three Sundays in May,

continued next page 11 Madron well con’t submerging them naked in the water three times while facing the sun. Then the child would be passed around the well nine times from east to west. The ritual was done in silence and at the end, a cloutie from the child’s clothes was tied to a nearby branch in thanks. That the ritual took place in May (the Pagan time of Beltane) and giving such import to the number three indicates roots deep in ancient Celtic traditions. The most famous cure at Madron, and ratified by the then Bishop of Exeter no less, involved one John Trelille, crippled as a young man some sixteen years before. John bathed in the water for the first three Thursdays in May, each time sleeping upon a nearby hillock named Madron’s Bed afterward. Following the third week he was cured of his paralysis. Sadly, he joined the army and was killed just four years later at Lyme in Dorset, fighting for the king in 1644.

In addition to its healing powers, the well was used for divination. Around May Day, local maidens would cross two pieces of straw, fixing the center with a pin, and toss the crosses upon the surface of the wa- ter. The number of bubbles arising would indicate the number of years the girl must wait before her wedding.

Nearby the Madron well, early Christians built a small granite chapel upon the foundations of an ear- lier structure. During the English Civil War, Puritan fanatics wreaked havoc upon it so that now, all that remains are walls about four feet in height, enclosing an area of about six by nine feet (there’s those Pagan three’s again). The roof is long gone, but stone seats remain, as does a stone basin into which the well’s water is fed. Wild roses and ivy tumble in abandon over the low walls while te- nacious mosses and sword-shaped ferns cling to life in tiny crevices.

On the map, the well is called Saint Madron’s Well, but the spring has been a sacred place for far long- er than the Church and its saints have existed. In truth, the well was named after the Mother Goddess Modron, mother of The Fates and the Water of Life in the ancient Celtic beliefs. She is part of the triad of the Triple Goddesses, whose sculpted form is found all over Britain, most often near wells. With the introduction of Christianity, the names of many Pagan deities were altered to make them more ac- ceptable to practitioners of the new religion. While the majority of Cornish people eventually embraced Christianity, it has been said that “Against this solid rock of old belief, the waves of Methodist teaching long broke in vain.”

We were silent, each lost in our own thoughts as we walked back along the path through the still woods. As our distance from the well increased, we gradually left behind us the tingling vibration of that wild place and the forest grew lighter as the path again widened. Once seated in the waiting car, Rosemary turned toward me with bright eyes and raised eyebrows and released a nervous little “Whew!” Wiggling my brows in reply, I just smiled.

Thank you Kitty for another story of our beloved Cornwall 12 ITEMS OF INTEREST

On Fortune’s Tide

By Theresa Marie Smith

Eighteenth-century Cornwall, land of smugglers and excisemen, is lovingly and vividly brought to life in this breathtaking saga of love lost and found, of loyalty, and of endurance and spirit in the face of intolerable cruelty. Layunie Ledridge, blonde, beautiful and high spirited, is plucked from the whirl of society pleasures in Somerset when family debt forces her towards marriage with the repellent and ageing Lord Tre- voran. On the way to her wedding Jarren Polverne, a handsome and dashing adventurer, bursts into her life, and everything is turned upside down. Theresa-Marie-Smith brings us a roller-coaster ride of a story, as the lovers strive to be together de- spite all the hate and murderous intent by Lord Trevoran and his cold-hearted henchman, the excise- man Ruskin Tripper. Set among the creeks and coves, the 'freetraders' and mariners, of Cornwall. You read the first page and wonder, just what will the mysterious package brought up the misty river Fal tell of the two people who shared such passion.

Book can be purchased on Amazon.com—ISBN 9781906459260 Hallmark Press International via email [email protected] 9.95 pounds Or via www.theresa-marie-smith.co.uk ````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````` ```````````````````````````````````

Barry's Blog on Genealogy

Barry J. Ewell, founder of MyGenShare.com and nationally known writer, presenter, researcher and mentor of genealo- gists launches a daily blog. The content will include articles, podcasts, slideshows, and videos. Barry’s Blog on Geneal- ogy will help new and experienced genealogists to:

- Find, access, and explore genealogical resources quickly - Develop, expand, and sharpen your genealogy research skills - Discover clues to trace and explore your family ties - Quickly identify which record collections to search first - Resolve genealogical brick walls - Learn to find and use specific country, state, and county records

Specials -Barry's Lunch 'n Learn -Barry's Forgotten Recipes -MyGenShare Sneak Peek http://barrysblog.mygenshare.com/ ======Cornish Story Magazine Cornish Story is an initiative of the Cornish Audio Visual Archive (CAVA) and designed by Project Brokers Digital Media with the sup- port of the Heritage Lottery Fund. CAVA is based at the Institute of Cornish Studies, University of Exeter at Tremough with its recordings publicly available at the Corn- wall Center /Kresenn Kernow in Redruth. http://www.cornishstory.com/magazine.htm

From Bert Biscoe continued next page 13 Items con’t

A Token Gesture

My business partner Traci Parkin and I (Bob Caddick) have recently produced a 1000 x 'Cornish Pasty Coins', which is currently being featured in the Cornwall Today magazine - business news section here in the UK. Our company name is 'A Token Gesture' and it was primarily set-up to produce a coin for each of the 92 counties in the UK and Northern Ireland, something we understand to be unique. As we both have strong affinities to Cornwall we de- cided to make this county our very first coin. My objective in sending this email to you is to try and promote these coins and to make people aware that they exist. Should anyone require further details regarding this Cornish coin please go to the following web site www.atokengesture.co.uk

***************************************************************************************************************************************** Cornish Mining World Heritage Site

http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=_qydn7Zq5EU#t=0s

Wonderful production of our homeland sent by Terry Knight who before retirement managed the Cornwall Center in Redruth Via Tom and Libby Luke ______

Belerion Books http://www.belerionbooks.com

Jim Thompson announces that he also lists more current titles at their shop on Amazon: http://www.amazon.com/shops/A25UNK0BF5JIOS

Join our mailing list to keep informed on new items or special offers at: [email protected]

Enter ‘subscribe’ in both the subject and body of the email. ------

Silver is now available for sale from our website. At our concerts and on CDBaby. You can listen to it and get digital down loads at iona.bandcamp.com and on iTunes. It is getting airplay on folk and acoustic radio/internet stations. It is a featured album in rotation on Celtic Radio!

Please check it out and leave a comment.

Please visit us on Facebook at http://www.facebook.com/IONAmusic

Barbara, Bernard, Chuck, Jim & Kathleen http://ionamusic.com

14

Members’ Interest Page

By Jim Thomas

[email protected]

This is Members’ Interest Page No 13, where we try and connect members who may not know that they are researching the same surnames. If you don’t see your name listed under a particular surname, please accept my apology. I have updated my database with the latest information I have, but I may have missed someone. But in any case you can certainly contact others that are listed. Good luck in your search and be sure and let me know if you make any connections. Since most of us correspond by e-mail, I have included only the e-mail address of each person unless we do not have one for them in our database. If you do not use e-mail, but would like to connect with someone who does, contact Ron Carbis, our treasurer, who can provide you with a mailing address. If you have a particular name you are researching, let me know and I will tell you if anyone else in my data base has listed that name.

Bray

Barbara Bray [email protected] Harry Bray [email protected] William Dickinson [email protected] Dorothy Haenle [email protected] Ronald Hill [email protected] LaVerne Koski [email protected] Virginia Raymond [email protected] Shirley Smith [email protected] Raymond Uren III [email protected] Holly Waites [email protected]

Harvey

Phyllis Carr [email protected] Margaret Gaffney [email protected] Douglas Hambley [email protected] Monica Gleason [email protected] Marilyn Matthews 18420 W. 60th Ave, Golden, CO 80403 William Symons [email protected] Susan Webber [email protected]

Uren / U’Ren

Mary Lou Gibson [email protected] Helen Ingledew 17971 SE River Rd, Apt 308, Milwaukie, OR 97267 Linda L’Hullier [email protected] Michael O’Rell [email protected] Lawrence Smith [email protected] David Trevarrow [email protected] Paul Uren [email protected] Raymond Uren III [email protected] William U’Ren 717 N. Wuthering Hills Dr, Janesville WI 53546

15 Tis Me social life could be retained, when it seems probably that no literate King existed from the time of Alfred The Great and Hen- Celts and Druids ry II two centuries later. To sum up these ancient people, we need only to look at their With thousands of years elapsed it is very difficult to know all the great stone works and know they had a very sophisticated soci- very fine detail of these people, but with places like Scotland, ety steeped in the knowledge of the moon, sun and stars, which Ireland, Wales and Cornwall not having the huge development took several centuries to master, and always seeking their of cities as huge roads, factories, there has been over many place in the universe. years open moor lands and high ground unsuitable to build, but Finally, in Scotland, Wales and Cornwall and Ireland even to- a place to explore our past. day the Celtic traditions continue, and parts of the old words of In these places, many ancient relics of Celtic ways of life can be our ancient fathers are spoken along with their ceremonies, for found, such as Standing Stones, Graves and many other things each year there are huge gatherings of the Bards. coming from that culture. The Cornish language, a throw back to the Celtic language is In later years when the Romans came to these shores some spoken even on our local radio station, so you can understand recording was made, and their life was more documented. what great people they were, and the great part they played in We know that the Celtic nation was a breed of very fierce peo- our history. ple, but in war they were not capable of long drawn out strug- Your Cornish Friend, gles, so the fighting between the tribes was hard but short. Brian. Love to all. Their apparent wildness however did not extend to social life or ************************************************************************ organization, as by the 6th century BC the Celts had a well es- A land apart: Why it never was and tablished class system, starting with a king or a chieftain and below him a lord who was responsible and main task in life was never can be a county of England prepare for war. by Kevin Philpott Next came the freemen farmers, who were very important in their own right, as the Celts economy relied heavily on mixed (The current row between Holyrood and Westminster over the farming. The aristocratic families provided the Druids, who di- question of full Scottish independence inevitably begs the ques- rected the Celtic religious life, and performed it’s often frequently tion: what about Cornwall?) mystical ceremonies. So the Druids were at the centre of a society that valued music, Following Mebyon Kernow’s efforts to achieve a Cornish Assembly; poetry, boar hunting and horse racing, and were a worshiped which has led to some Westminster MPs calling for an Early Day part of the Celtic life. They fulfilled the roll of prophets, bards and Motion, I decided to do some research into Cornwall’s constitutional priest, and had to train for up to twenty years in and apprentice- status. I first asked myself the following question Cornish people have ship, that included learning enormous amounts of poetry. been asking for many years: ”What is the constitutional position of Cornwall?” Great importance was placed on the oak tree, mistletoe and After endless hours spent with my head in books and staring at a wells, which were very sacred to them, Druids were also assist- computer screen, I discovered that the truth appears to have been ed in duties by a class of women prophets who were not given carefully disguised and skillfully avoided by the powers that be for full privileges of the Druids, but could predict the future. hundreds of years. But the truth is out there, if you know where to The body of a Celt, possibly a sacrificial victim, was found in a look. It is no good asking governments for help because requests are peat bog in 1984, his last meal had been wheat, barley and avoided or passed round from department to department. Even a some kind of potion containing Druids Mistletoe. Freedom of Information request doesn’t work very often. Digs throughout Britain have unearthed small Celtic villages, The most recent proof and easiest to follow is the Duchy versus formed in a circle, usually a kings home in the centre of that Crown case of 1858, which is better known as the Foreshore Case. In circle, which was always a status symbol in those times. Weap- that case the Duchy challenged the Crown over ownership of the foreshore of Cornwall. ons, pots and jewelry have been discovered in vast quantities It was bitterly contested by both sides for years but was eventually and human remains, telling us about their food and much more. won by the Duchy. The Attorney General of the Duchy, Sir George It is hard to separate the different aspects of culture, music, reli- Harrison, got the court to agree and rule that Cornwall was ‘extra gion, architecture and poetry in that period but all were important territorial’ to England. to the Celts, for we do not look on their architecture as in build- In simple terms, it agreed Cornwall was part of Britain but not a part of ings, but places like Stonehenge, was erected with their great England. Thus the foreshore of Cornwall belongs to the Duchy, knowledge of the stars and planets. whereas the foreshore of the rest of Britain belongs to the Crown. The Their burial caves, belief of life after death, deep sense of con- Duchy also owns the land of Cornwall, whereas the Crown owns the nection with land, through changes of the seasons, and songs rest of the land in Britain. and poetry that have been passed down in varying forms have The Crown Estate admits it has no holdings in Cornwall and goes on to say that the analogous landowner in Cornwall is the Duchy of Corn- come right through history to us today, some in ballets. wall, which has all the powers invested in it that in England are invest- It seems almost impossible to us that such gems of the Celts ed in the Crown. continued page 18 16 NEW MEMBERS Mary Lou Pengelly Surnames: Jewell / Calstock, 10500 Rockville Pike Pengelly, Pengilly / St. Agnes, St. William H. Thomas Surnames: Thomas, Blewett Unit # G-17 Blazey, St. Cleer, Lanlivery, Whitford/ 3230 Tallyho LN Rockville, MD St. Agnes, St. Cleer Madison, WI 20852 53705-2121 301-493-6914 [email protected] 608-231-3991 Harry & Carolyn Bray Surnames: Bray, Parsons, Jago, 301 West Pennsylvania Ave Sweet Monica Gleason Surnames: Eustice / Camborne, Pen Argyl, PA 3460 Cottonwood LN Carnsew, Harvey, Mitchel / Crowan, 18072 Marion, IA Tippet / St. Agnes, White / St. Erme [email protected] 52302-6370 610-863-9537 [email protected] 319-373-1853 Jackie Monk Surnames: Gregor / St. Issey, Hearn / LIFETIME 5188 Huron River Dr. Truro, Hocking / Camborne, Nichols / Dexter, MI Gwennap Philip Llewellyn Eddy Surnames: Eddy / Madron, Penzance 48130-9788 Menavaur Mildren / Paul, Newlyn, Pearce, / Tre- [email protected] 10 Chiverton Way wern, Newlyn Rosudgeon, Penzance Annette Harris Surnames: Blewett / Hayle, Thomas / Cornwall 4150 Bramer Road Helston, Porthleven TR20 9PS Sodus, NY United Kingdom 14551-9750 [email protected] [email protected] 07866-255124 315-946-4492 H– 01736-762678 Jan & Ray Vyvyan Surnames: Vyvan, Vivian REJOIN 2371 Jones Drive Dunedin, FL Robert Radcliffe [email protected] 33 Empress Ave 727-733-3894 Suite 2611 Toronto, ON Doug Williams Surnames: Williams / Breage M2N 6YD 400 Birch Avenue Canada Morris, MN [email protected] 320-589-3403 CORRECTION Martha K. Miller Surnames: Hampton / Illogen, Goyne, Jan Davis email: [email protected] 1941 Hurst Avenue Hampton, Kissell / Mt. Hawke, St.

San Jose, CA Agnes RENEWALS 95125-5518 [email protected] Dr. Pierre J. Fisher Surnames: Trevithick, Dunstone, 408-264-6446 11250 SW Essex Dr Pryor, Richards, Courage, Tonkins Lake Suzy, FL Elizabeth (Betty) Manisto 34269-9162 1407 Sawmill Court [email protected] Cloquet, MN 55720-2581 Janet Abrahams Surnames: Johns, Jenkins 3147 Farnborough Ct. Betty was in the hospital for 2 months and they have moved into Silver Spring, MD senior housing. 20906-1745 301-598-3809 17 Renewals con’t Philpott con’t

Lanie DeMicco Surnames: Webb, Meek, Vivian, Kent, If this was proven and agreed in a court of law and so confirmed beyond 270 Worcester Dr. Penhaligon, Northey, Trediga, Axford, doubt to be the true legal constitutional position of Cornwall, then what Cambria, CA Penallavick, Granville, Davey, Hawken/ changed since then, for Cornwall to be run now as a part of England? 93428 Falmouth / Truro area The law is the law and cannot be altered without something judicial to [email protected] review to reverse the original decision. So what has changed since 1858? For such a reversal, it must be by the mutual agreement of both states. Another way would be if England made Thomas A. Jenkin Surnames: Henry Jenkin, GGrand - a military attack on Cornwall, but that would have been looked at as an 7201 Olive Ave S father, Samuel Jenkin, Grandfather / unprovoked act of aggression under international law. Richfield, MN Cornwall, Albert S. Jenkin, father, The only other way might have been if Cornwall made a failed attack on 55423-1911 Michigan England. But as there are no records of either of these events taking [email protected] place since 1858 then I ask again why is Cornwall being treated as a part 612-866-1961 of England? We could also consider the many charters that have been granted to Burton & Patricia Corbus Surnames: Corbus (1600) / Ludgvan. Cornwall over the last 800 years or so, but those would take a lot of study PO Box 5601 Breage, Guynup / Gwennap and understanding and are not as simple as the Foreshore Case to follow Sarasota, FL with even academics disagreeing on many points. The Charter of 1508 is perhaps the most important of these because it sets out the rights of the 34277 Cornish Stannary Community; those involved in the working of tin and [email protected] their descendants being clearly defined. As every Cornish family over the [email protected] last 500 years would have had at least one member working in the tin 941-921-0622 industry it follows that every Cornish man and woman is in some way a descendant. Jean Saxe Jolliffe Surnames: Joffiffe / Jocobstow, Tre- 2405 N. Brookfield RD maine parishes, Orchard / Week St. Brookfield, WI Mary, Arundel / St. Mawgan in Pydar 53045 [email protected]

262-786-9358

John C. Rosemergy Surnames: Rosemergy / St. Sithney. 4604 Ranch View RD Burrows, Martin / Kea Fort Worth, TX 76109-3255 [email protected] It also guarantees the right of veto over England, confirmed in May 1977 817-732-0509 in Westminster as still in force. Surely Henry VII of England would not have given one of his counties the right to veto its own government; that makes so sense whatsoever, so Cornwall must have been perceived as a separate state at that time. The following extract from the 1508 Charter states: “And furthermore, by our abundant grace, we have granted and do by these patents grant, for us and our heirs unto the said Cornish Stannary Community, and each of Happy them, that no acts, statues, provisions, restraints or proclamations shall hereafter be made within or without Cornwall, to the prejudice of the said community, their heirs and successors or any of them, unless first there St. Piran’s Day be summoned an ad hoc meeting of the twenty four legitimate and quali- fied Cornishmen of the four Stannaries within Cornwall unless with the consent of the aforesaid twenty four men.” No matter how hard or long I look I can find no evidence to prove that Cornwall is in fact an English county or can ever be for that matter. The often used argument that we in Cornwall pay English taxes does not prove anything. It only goes to prove that the powers that be in London are using the fact that because there is no written constitution in England they can get away with anything they like, with no fear of being challenged by the courts. So I wish those fighting for Cornish rights all the best, but fear that they have an enormous task before them to find justice. From Western Morning News from Sue Davey 18

Officers of the Cornish American Heritage Society for the years 2009-2011.

President - Thomas Rusch, 528 Autumn Crest Dr., Watertown, WI 53094 - [email protected] 1st VP-Education, Nancy Oster Heydt, 1889 Union Place, The Villages, FL 32162 - [email protected] 2nd VP-Newsletter, Carolyn Haines, 3835 Bush Gardens Lane, Holt, MI 48842 - [email protected] Secretary - Jackie Marrone, 999 E. 71st Ave., Denver, CO 80229 - [email protected] Treasurer/Membership Chair, Ron Carbis, 13 Saint Ives Place, Gaithersburg, MD 20877-3457 - [email protected] Historian - Richard W. Baker, 1520 Coventry Ct., Reedsburg, WI 53959 - [email protected]

Founding President - Paul Liddicoat, 1920-2001. Past President - Flora “Tommi” O’Hagan Tam Kernewek is published four times a year. Send articles to Carolyn Haines, EMAIL address above. DEADLINES ARE 15 FEBRUARY, 15 MAY, 15 AUGUST AND 15 OCTOBER

Dues are payable to CAHS: Canadian residents’ dues are $14.00 per year for individuals and $21.00 for families. There are also individual life-time memberships available for $240.00. A Junior Membership is available for young people for $7.00 per year. Please send Canadian dues to Len Snell, Box 286, Waterdown, ON LOR 2HO Canada.

USA residents dues are $12.00/year for individuals and $18.00 for families. There is also individual life-time membership available for a lifetime $210.00 for individuals. Junior Membership available for young people at $5.00 per year. Please send USA dues to: Ron Carbis, 13 Saint Ives Place, Gaithersburg, MD 20877-3457 USA

Cornish Heritage Certificates are available to anyone whose ancestor(s) were born in Cornwall and settled in NA. Contact Jeanne Thomas, 3409 Elmwood Drive, Clio, MI 48420 USA for information and applications.

Cornish American Heritage Society Membership Application

Name Telephone

Address

City State/Province Zip/Postal Code

Country Local society affiliation

Email Fax

Surnames of Cornish Ancestors Locations (parish, town, area) More? Please add new page

Dues: US $12 individual, $18 family, $210 Lifetime, $5 child. Send to Ron Carbis, 13 Saint Ives Place, Gaithersburg, MD 20877-3457 Canadian $14 individual, $21 family, $240 Lifetime, $7 child. Send to Len Snell, Box 286, Waterdown, ON LOR 2HO Canada

I also enclose $ for Paul Smales Memorial Fund to bring presenters from Cornwall to the Gatherings.

Contents CalendarCalendar

IONA, Cornish Settlements 1-3 21st Gathering of California Tales of St. JustContents 3,10 St. Piran’sCornish Day Cousins— March 5, 2011 Correspondence 4-6 CelebrateJune with 8-10, your 2012 local society RPACEvening and SSDI of Cornish / 105th Filmsbirthday 1-2 6 Bridgeport, California President’sThe Cry Messageof Tin 3 7 Cornish Festival CorrespondenceThe Cornish Have Talent 4-7 7 Kernewek Lowender September 28-30, 2012 CornwallItems OPCsof Interest 7 8-10 Copper Coast Cornish Festival Mineral Point, Wisconsin Cornish16th PumpGathering Engine Ad Rates 8-9 11 Moonta, Kadina, Wallaroo, Australia Cornishfest.org Six Celtic Nations 11 May 9-15, 2011 West Briton / Cornish Studies 10 MadronPlease Holy NOTE! Well 11 -12 11 Kerwenekwww.kernewek.org Lowender ItemsRegistration of Interest Form for Gathering 13-14 12 Yorke Peninsula Member’sAnnual Interests Gorsedd Conference 15 14 Australia Tis MeA Cornish / A Land Christmas, Apart Recipes 16, 18 14 16th International21-26 May 2013 Gathering MemberTis Me Information 17 -18 15 ofkernewek.org Cornish Cousins Steven R. Curnow Competition 15 Mineral Point, Wisconsin Member Area 16-18 17th InternationalAugust 10-14, Gathering 2011 White Cross—a Poem 18 www.cornishfest.orgOf Cornish Cousins Date and location TBD 2013 cousinjack.org

Cornish American Heritage Society Ron Carbis, Treasurer 13 Saint Ives Place Gaithersburg, MD 20877-3457

Address Service Requested

Check the Date Are your dues paid?

ISSN 1085-1267