DOCSLIB.ORG

Explorations in the Far North

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Explorations in the Far North *&»*i; • (ttmntll Htmimitg jSitag THE GIFT OF U- &0nrVn*rr.. A, tzy-viX. Cornell University Library F1096 .R96 Explorations in the far North 3 1924 030 998 805 olin Cornell University Library The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924030998805 EXPLORATIONS dJk MA! IS I THE FAR NORTH FRANK RUSSELL BEING THE REPORT OF AN EXPEDITION UNDER THE AUSPICES OF THE UNIVERSITY OF IOWA DURING THE YEARS 1892, '93 AND '94 PUBLISHED BY THE UNIVERSITY 1898 -"" [ "*•'-' / - - \ EXPLORATIONS I N THE FAR NORTH B Y FRANK RUSSELL BEING THE REPORT OF AN EXPEDITION UNDER THE AUSPICES OF THE UNIVERSITY OF IOWA DURING THE YEARS 1892, '93, AND '94 PUBLISHED BY THE UNIVERSITY 1 898 f 4, /? ^3 3^ COPYRIGHT, 1898, By Wm. J. Haddock, Secretary of the Board of Regents of the State University of Iowa, for the STATE UNIVERSITY OF IOWA. PREFACE T7ARLY in 1891, Professor Arthur G. Smith and the writer -*— ' planned to undertake a journey, during the summer months, to the northern shores of Lake Winnipeg, Manitoba, for the purpose of collecting ornithological specimens. Just before our departure in June, we were joined by Professor C. C. Nutting, who, eminently fitted by his experience as a naturalist, became the leader of the expedition, which was thereafter conducted in the interests of the Museum of the State University of Iowa. During the summer two stations were occupied; the first, near Lake Winnipeg, at the Grand Rapids of the Saskatchewan River; the second, sixty miles above, where the River debouches into Cedar Lake. The results of our explorations have been embodied in a report by Professor Nutting. 1 While at the mouth of the Saskatchewan I met Mr. R. Mac- Farlane, the ornithologist, who, during a residence in the Fur Country of nearly half a centur)', had made extensive and very valuable collections of natural history specimens. His enthusiastic descriptions of the field, as yet almost unex- plored, roused in me a strong desire to visit the Far North. Professor Nutting, also becoming interested, after our return laid the matter before the Board of Regents of the University and eventually secured their approval of the plan to send me northward to obtain specimens of the larger arctic mammals, especially musk-ox, and, incidentally, "to pick up everything else that I could lay my hands on." 1 Natural History Bulletin, State University of Iowa, Voi. II, No. 3. IV PREFACE Through some oversight no money was appropriated to carry on the work and the project must have been abandoned, had not President Chas. A. Schaeffer generously advanced the necessary amount to meet the expenses incurred during the first year. It was my desire to go at once to the Great Slave Lake region, but it seemed best to the promoters of the enterprise that I should become accustomed to the life of the natives before going so far beyond the limits of civilization. Mr. MacFarlane, then chief factor in charge of Cumberland Dis- trict, the Hudson's Bay Company's southernmost division of the Fur Country, thought it advisable for me to spend the first winter at Grand Rapids in order to become acclimated and to become accustomed to the northern mode of winter travel, before I should attempt to enter the Barren Ground. Grand Rapids is not a good station for a collecting naturalist. Water birds are not numerous, land birds do not differ from those more easily accessible in Manitoba. The fur-bearing mammals have been nearly exterminated. The customs and traditions of the Crees, who inhabit the country, have been so modified by contact with the whites during a period of over a hundred years, that their interest to the ethnologist has been greatly lessened. However, the work already done at that post would be enhanced in value if the collection was con- tinued through a winter season, and it was finally fixed upon as my headquarters for the winter of 1892-3. As it was not desirable that I should begin collecting at Grand Rapids before autumn, at the close of the University in June, I went with Professor Smith to the Pacific Coast where we were to collect natural history specimens for our own cabinets until it was necessary for me to go to Winnipeg to secure passage on the last trip of the lake steamers. Our first station was upon the shores of Puget Sound, near Tacoma, where we devoted most of our attention to the marine PREFACE v invertebrates. Several hundred starfishes were boiled and dried, thus preserving their form and color. The most abun- dant species, Asterias sp., was noticeably larger than the A. vul- garis of the Atlantic Coast. The sea urchin, Echinarachnius excentricus, was a common species in shore, fifteen hundred being obtained in a few minutes dredging. A full series of the alcoholic material collected has since been presented to the University. We were surprised to find so few water birds in that locality, the pigeon guillemot, Cepphus columba Pall., was the only species which was at all common. When we attempted to collect land birds we more fully realized the great height of the forest trees, in whose towering tops they flitted safely about, quite beyond the reach of small shot. We left Washington, late in July, for the second station, which we were to occupy in the mountains of Central British •Columbia. When we crossed the international boundary at Huntington, the person acting as collector of customs for the Dominion insisted on the payment of duty on our effects with the assurance that it would be refunded when we recrossed the line. Let me here extend a warning to any too-confiding .naturalist who may meet that over-zealous functionary—if you wait until you reach the boundary again you will never recover your money. Some premonition of this fact induced Professor Smith to request in person at the Winnipeg office that the money be refunded, and even then the money was only returned after months of persistent correspondence. We take pleasure in acknowledging our obligation to Mr. A. Campbell Reddie, Deputy Provincial Secretary of British •Columbia, for the license granted us to hunt animals pro- jected by the provincial game laws. We had intended to descend the Big Bend of the Columbia, but this plan was abandoned when we found that there was no .suitable boat at Donald. We then engaged an old hunter and PREFACE v i prospector as guide at "gold prices" and set off on foot to ascend a spur of the Rocky Mountains, seven miles from the village, where mountain goats were said to be found. There was no trail for pack horses, so we packed our outfit on our backs. After two days of hard climbing, a part of the way through an almost impenetrable jungle, we reached the timber line and encamped on the sharp crest of a long ridge which was covered in places with banks of perpetual snow. From our camp seven glaciers were visible on neighboring peaks. The mountains bounded the horizon on every side. The broad valley of the Columbia between us and the Selkirks was some- times obscured by clouds that frequently rose and enveloped us in mist, rain, or snow. The grandeur and magnificence of the situation hardly compensated for the discomforts of a shelterless camp. We remained there until our provision was exhausted. We secured, during that fortnight, specimens of the mountain goat t Haploceros montanus, woodchuck, porcupine, Erethizon dorsatus, etc. Woodchucks were very abundant above the timber line. On one occasion I saw fifteen in a single group. The timid squeak of the little chief hare was often heard, but, owing to its wariness only one specimen was obtained. We reached Winnipeg August 15th, whence Professor Smith returned to Iowa, and where I spent several days awaiting the arrival of my collecting outfit from Iowa City. I am indebted to many friends for assistance. I wish espe- cially to render grateful acknowledgment of the kindness- shown me by President Chas. A. Schaeffer, and Professor C. C. Nutting, without whose substantial aid and encouraging letters the expedition must have been a failure. I must thank the many students and members of the faculty who contributed toward the fund which was so greatly needed for the purchase of additional supplies for the second year; and the citizens of Iowa City and members of the University for the warm recep- PREFACE vii tion tendered me on my return. For kindly assistance in the field I am indebted to Mr. R. MacFarlane, Mr. Joseph Hodg- son, Mr. William Mackinlay, of Resolution, Captain J. W. Mills, of the Steamer " Wrigley," and many other officers of the Hudson's Bay Company; to the officers of the Herschel Island whaling fleet: Captains H. H. Norwood, E. C. Murray, and E. W. Newth, all of whom either gave specimens to our museum or assisted in their transportation. Frank Russell. Cambridge, Mass., December, iSgb. —— TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER PAGE I Grand Rapids . i II The Saskatchewan Natives . 21 Ill Alberta 4 1 IV Athabasca District . 57 V—Fort Rae . ... 68 VI Winter Travel .... ... 88 VII The Musk-ox Hunt . ioS VIII Down the Mackenzie .... "5 IX Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Athabascans 158 X Ethnological Material Secured in the Hudson's Bay Company's Territory . 168 XI Ethnological Material Secured from the Eskimos 187 XII Myths of the Wood Crees 201 Natural History—Mammals . 223 Birds 2 53 Fish .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Thursday, June 15, 2017 Thursday, June 15, 2017 2016 Integrated Report - Walsh County
    Thursday, June 15, 2017 Thursday, June 15, 2017 2016 Integrated Report - Walsh County Thursday, June 15, 2017 Cart Creek Waterbody ID Waterbody Type Waterbody Description Date TMDL Completed ND-09020310-044-S_00 RIVER Cart Creek from its confluence with A tributary 2 miles east of Mountain, ND downstream to its confluence with North Branch Park River Size Units Beneficial Use Impaired Beneficial Use Status Cause of Impairment TMDL Priority 36.32 MILES Fish and Other Aquatic Biota Not Supporting Fishes Bioassessments L ND-09020310-044-S_00 RIVER Cart Creek from its confluence with A tributary 2 miles east of Mountain, ND downstream to its confluence with North Branch Park River Size Units Beneficial Use Impaired Beneficial Use Status Cause of Impairment TMDL Priority 36.32 MILES Fish and Other Aquatic Biota Not Supporting Benthic-Macroinvertebrate Bioassessments L Forest River Waterbody ID Waterbody Type Waterbody Description Date TMDL Completed ND-09020308-001-S_00 RIVER Forest River from Lake Ardoch, downstream to its confluence with the Red River Of The North. Size Units Beneficial Use Impaired Beneficial Use Status Cause of Impairment TMDL Priority 15.49 MILES Fish and Other Aquatic Biota Not Supporting Benthic-Macroinvertebrate Bioassessments L ND-09020308-001-S_00 RIVER Forest River from Lake Ardoch, downstream to its confluence with the Red River Of The North. Size Units Beneficial Use Impaired Beneficial Use Status Cause of Impairment TMDL Priority 15.49 MILES Fish and Other Aquatic Biota Not Supporting Fishes Bioassessments L ND-09020308-001-S_00 RIVER Forest River from Lake Ardoch, downstream to its confluence with the Red River Of The North.
    [Show full text]
  • Fishing the Red River of the North
    FISHING THE RED RIVER OF THE NORTH The Red River boasts more than 70 species of fish. Channel catfish in the Red River can attain weights of more than 30 pounds, walleye as big as 13 pounds, and northern pike can grow as long as 45 inches. Includes access maps, fishing tips, local tourism contacts and more. TABLE OF CONTENTS YOUR GUIDE TO FISHING THE RED RIVER OF THE NORTH 3 FISHERIES MANAGEMENT 4 RIVER STEWARDSHIP 4 FISH OF THE RED RIVER 5 PUBLIC ACCESS MAP 6 PUBLIC ACCESS CHART 7 AREA MAPS 8 FISHING THE RED 9 TIP AND RAP 9 EATING FISH FROM THE RED RIVER 11 CATCH-AND-RELEASE 11 FISH RECIPES 11 LOCAL TOURISM CONTACTS 12 BE AWARE OF THE DANGERS OF DAMS 12 ©2017, State of Minnesota, Department of Natural Resources FAW-471-17 The Minnesota DNR prohibits discrimination in its programs and services based on race, color, creed, religion, national origin, sex, public assistance status, age, sexual orientation or disability. Persons with disabilities may request reasonable modifications to access or participate in DNR programs and services by contacting the DNR ADA Title II Coordinator at [email protected] or 651-259-5488. Discrimination inquiries should be sent to Minnesota DNR, 500 Lafayette Road, St. Paul, MN 55155-4049; or Office of Civil Rights, U.S. Department of the Interior, 1849 C. Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20240. This brochure was produced by the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, Division of Fish and Wildlife with technical assistance provided by the North Dakota Department of Game and Fish.
    [Show full text]
  • Approaches to Setting Nutrient Targets in the Red River of the North
    APPROACHES TO SETTING NUTRIENT TARGETS IN THE RED RIVER OF THE NORTH Topical Report RSI-2328 prepared for International Joint Commission 1250 23rd St. NW, Room 100 Washington, DC 20440 March 2013 APPROACHES TO SETTING NUTRIENT TARGETS IN THE RED RIVER OF THE NORTH Topical Report RSI-2328 by Andrea B. Plevan Julie A. Blackburn RESPEC 1935 West County Road B2, Suite 320 Roseville, MN 55113 prepared for International Joint Commission 1250 23rd St. NW, Room 100 Washington, DC 20440 March 2013 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The International Joint Commission, through its International Red River Board (IRRB), has developed a proposed approach for a basinwide nutrient management strategy for the international Red River Watershed. One component of the nutrient management strategy involves developing nitrogen and phosphorus targets along the Red River including sites at the outlet of the Red River into Lake Winnipeg, the international boundary at Emerson, and subwatershed discharge points in the watershed. These nutrient objectives will be coordinated with developing nutrient objectives for Lake Winnipeg. As a first step in developing the nutrient targets, the IRRB contracted RESPEC to conduct a literature review of the available scientific methods for setting nitrogen and phosphorus water-quality targets. Based on the findings of the literature review, RESPEC was asked to provide recommendations on the method(s) most appropriate for the Red River. This report includes the findings of the literature review and the recommended scientific approaches for developing nitrogen and phosphorus targets in the Red River. Multiple technical approaches were reviewed. One category of approaches uses the reference condition and includes techniques such as using data from reference sites, modeling the reference condition, estimating the reference condition from all sites within a class, and paleolimnological techniques to reconstruct the reference condition through historical data.
    [Show full text]
  • NWSI 10-903, Geographic Areas Of
    Department of Commerce • National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration • National Weather Service NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE INSTRUCTION 10-903 JULY 26, 2019 Operations and Services Water Resources Services Program, NWSPD 10-9 GEOGRAPHIC AREAS OF RESPONSIBILITY NOTICE: This publication is available at: http://www.nws.noaa.gov/directives/ OPR: W/AFS25 (K. Abshire) Certified by: W/AFS25 (M. Mullusky) Type of Issuance: Routine. SUMMARY OF REVISIONS: This directive supersedes NWS Instruction 10-903, “Geographic Areas of Responsibility,” dated February 16, 2017. The following revisions were made to this instruction: 1) In Section 2, updated the link to the RFC boundary shapefiles from the NWS geographic information system (GIS) Portal. 2) In Section 2, updated the location of the Northeast RFC (NERFC) from Taunton to Norton, Massachusetts. 3) In Section 3, updated Figure 2 to show correct Hydrologic Service Area (HSA) boundaries and Weather Forecast Office three-letter identifiers. 4) In Section 3, updated the link to the national Hydrologic Service Area (HSA) map from the NWS geographic information system (GIS) Portal. 5) In Section 3, modified wording to describe the Boston/Norton, MA (BOX), Gray/Portland, ME (GYX), Nashville, TN (OHX) service areas and updated the office names of the New York, NY (OKX) and Philadelphia/Mt. Holly, PA (PHI) offices. Signed 7/12/2019 Andrew D. Stern Date Director Analyze, Forecast, and Support Office NWSI 10-903 JULY 26, 2019 Geographic Areas of Responsibility Table of Contents: Page 1. Introduction ................................................................................................................................1
    [Show full text]
  • Lateral Migration of the Red River, in the Vicinity of Grand Forks, North Dakota Dylan Babiracki
    University of North Dakota UND Scholarly Commons Undergraduate Theses and Senior Projects Theses, Dissertations, and Senior Projects 2015 Lateral Migration of the Red River, in the Vicinity of Grand Forks, North Dakota Dylan Babiracki Follow this and additional works at: https://commons.und.edu/senior-projects Recommended Citation Babiracki, Dylan, "Lateral Migration of the Red River, in the Vicinity of Grand Forks, North Dakota" (2015). Undergraduate Theses and Senior Projects. 114. https://commons.und.edu/senior-projects/114 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, and Senior Projects at UND Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Undergraduate Theses and Senior Projects by an authorized administrator of UND Scholarly Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. | 1 Lateral migration of the Red River, in the vicinity of Grand Forks, North Dakota Dylan Babiracki Harold Hamm School of Geology and Geologic Engineering, University of North Dakota, 81 Cornell St., Grand Forks, ND 58202-8358 1. Abstract River channels are dynamic landforms that play an important role in understanding the alluvial changes occurring within this area. The evolution of the Red River of the North within the shallow alluvial valley was investigated within a 60 river mile area north and south of Grand Forks, North Dakota. Despite considerable research along the Red River of the North, near St. Jean Baptiste, Manitoba, little is known about the historical channel dynamics within the defined study area. A series of 31 measurements were taken using three separate methods to document the path of lateral channel migration along areas of this highly sinuous, low- gradient river.
    [Show full text]
  • Tion and Increase of Drought Conditions Over Most of on Julv 16, More Than 5 Inches of Rain at Oberlin
    160 MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW JULY 1944 RIVER STAGES AND FLOODS James, Iowa (5 miles northeast of Sioux City), 6.98 inches; and hierrill, Iowa (12 miles north of James), By BENNETTSWENSON 1.82 inches. Flood waters of the Floyd River surrounded James and caused some damage- in the northeast part of THE principal features of the month were the continua- Sioux City. tion and increase of drought conditions over most of On Julv 16, more than 5 inches of rain at Oberlin. the country east of the Mississippi River, especially in the Kans., cabsed 'Sappa and Prairie Dog Creeks to overflow central Gulf States, the Ohio Valley and the Middle seriously. Sappa Creek reached n record stage of 18.7 Atlantic States, and continued above-normal precipita- on the gage near Beaver City, Nebr., 7.7 feet above tion in Iowa and Minnesota and most of the Missouri bankful. and Arkansas Valleys. Arkansas Basin.-Flooding, mostly light, was confined River stages were unusually low over most of the East, to the Little Arkansas River at Sedgwick, Kans., and the South, and the far Northwest except that light flood- the North Canadian River at Yukon, Okla. The overflow ing occurred in the eastern Carolinas. In the Missouri in the Little Arkansas resulted from heavy rains of 2 to 3 and Upper Mississippi Valleys stages were well abov6 inches on July 9, followed by rainfall of nearly 3 inches normal but damaging flood conditions were generally on July 11. A crest of 23.6 feet was reached at Sedgwick avoided due to the distribution of the rainfall, except in on the 11th.
    [Show full text]
  • Connecting the Dots
    CONNECTING THE DOTS The local-food movement is inspiring chefs to look at Canadian ingredients differently DISHING IT OUT One size doesn’t fit all when it comes to dinnerware and cutlery choices CALIFORNIA DREAMING Golden State vintages have taken the lead in Canadian table-wine sales JONATHAN GUSHUE RETURNS TO THE SCENE WITH HIS NEW RESTAURANT, THE BERLIN CANADIAN PUBLICATION MAIL PRODUCT SALES AGREEMENT #40063470 CANADIAN PUBLICATION foodserviceandhospitality.com $4 | APRIL 2016 VOLUME 49, NUMBER 2 APRIL 2016 CONTENTS 40 27 14 Features 11 FACE TIME Whether it’s eco-proteins 14 CONNECTING THE DOTS The 35 CALIFORNIA DREAMING Golden or smart technology, the NRA Show local-food movement is inspiring State vintages have taken the lead aims to connect operators on a chefs to look at Canadian in Canadian table-wine sales host of industry issues ingredients differently By Danielle Schalk By Jackie Sloat-Spencer By Andrew Coppolino 37 DISHING IT OUT One size doesn’t fit 22 BACK IN THE GAME After vanish - all when it comes to dinnerware and ing from the restaurant scene in cutlery choices By Denise Deveau 2012, Jonathan Gushue is back CUE] in the spotlight with his new c restaurant, The Berlin DEPARTMENTS By Andrew Coppolino 27 THE SUSTAINABILITY PARADIGM 2 FROM THE EDITOR While the day-to-day business of 5 FYI running a sustainable food operation 12 FROM THE DESK is challenging, it is becoming the new OF ROBERT CARTER normal By Cinda Chavich 40 CHEF’S CORNER: Neil McCue, Whitehall, Calgary PHOTOS: CINDY LA [TASTE OF ACADIA], COLIN WAY [NEIL M OF ACADIA], COLIN WAY PHOTOS: CINDY LA [TASTE FOODSERVICEANDHOSPITALITY.COM FOODSERVICE AND HOSPITALITY APRIL 2016 1 FROM THE EDITOR For daily news and announcements: @foodservicemag on Twitter and Foodservice and Hospitality on Facebook.
    [Show full text]
  • History of North Dakota Chapter 6
    The Beginnings of Settlements 109 CHAPTER 6 The Beginnings of Settlement THE FIRST PORTION OF NORTH DAKOTA to be settled was the valley of the Red River of the North. Except for the Selkirk colonists and the metis about Pembina, agricultural settlement came with the advance of the American frontier. When restless farmers, seeking cheap land, had taken over southern Minnesota, they turned next to the fertile lands of the Red River Valley. Their coming was stimulated by the opening of a new transportation system. Remoteness was a crucial problem at the Selkirk settlement. Its people, métis and white, wanted easy access to outside markets. At first they were supplied by way of Hudson Bay, but that was costly and the Hudson's Bay Company itself sought a cheaper route. St. Paul, more accessible than the Bay, wanted to make the Selkirk colony its commercial hinterland. When the cheaper route to the Selkirk settlement by way of St. Paul won out over the more costly one by way of the Bay, the valley of the Red River became a trade route. Cart trails, the steamboat line, and then the railroad ran through it. These opened the portion of the valley south of the international boundary and brought in settlers. The process advanced in three steps. The first as the growth of the metis settlement at Pembina and St. Joseph. There the metis had freer access both to St. Paul and to the buffalo herds on the American side of the boundary. The Pembina-St. Joseph settlement was also an American 110 History of North Dakota gateway to the Selkirk colony to the north.
    [Show full text]
  • Red River Trails
    Red River Trails by Grace Flandrau ------... ----,. I' , I 1 /7 Red River Trails by Grace Flandrau Compliments of the Great Northern Railway The Red River of the North Red River Trails by Grace Flandrau Foreword There is a certain hay meadow in southwestern Minnesota; curiously enough this low-lying bit of prairie, often entirely submerged, happens to be an important height of land dividing the great water sheds of Hudson's Bay and Mississippi riv,er. I t lies between two lakes: One of these, the Big Stone, gives rise to the Minnesota river, whose waters slide down the long tobog­ gan of the Mississippi Valley to the Gulf of Mexico; from the other, Lake Traverse, flows the Bois de Sioux, a main tributary of the Red River of the North, which descends for over five. hundred miles through one of the richest valleys in the world to Lake Winnipeg and eventually to Hudson's Bay. In the dim geologic past, the melting of a great glacier ground up limestone and covered this valley with fertile deposits, while the glacial Lake Agassiz subsequently levelled it to a vast flat plain. Occasionally in spring when the rivers are exceptionally high, the meadow is flooded and becomes a lake. Then a boatman, travelling southward from the semi-arctic Hudson's Bay, could float over the divide and reach the Gulf of Mexico entirely by water route. The early travellers gave, romantic names to the rive.rs of the West, none more so, it seems to me, than Red River of the North, 3 with its lonely cadence, its suggestion of evening and the cry of wild birds in far off quiet places.
    [Show full text]
  • Food for Thought – Food “Aah! Think of Playing 7-Letter Bingos About FOOD, Yum!”– See Also Food for Thought – Drink Compiled by Jacob Cohen, Asheville Scrabble Club
    Food for Thought – Food “Aah! Think of playing 7-letter bingos about FOOD, Yum!”– See also Food for Thought – Drink compiled by Jacob Cohen, Asheville Scrabble Club A 7s ABALONE AABELNO edible shellfish [n -S] ABROSIA AABIORS fasting from food [n -S] ACERBER ABCEERR ACERB, sour (sharp or biting to taste) [adj] ACERBIC ABCCEIR acerb (sour (sharp or biting to taste)) [adj] ACETIFY ACEFITY to convert into vinegar [v -FIED, -ING, -FIES] ACETOSE ACEEOST acetous (tasting like vinegar) [adj] ACETOUS ACEOSTU tasting like vinegar [adj] ACHENES ACEEHNS ACHENE, type of fruit [n] ACRIDER ACDEIRR ACRID, sharp and harsh to taste or smell [adj] ACRIDLY ACDILRY in acrid (sharp and harsh to taste or smell) manner [adv] ADSUKIS ADIKSSU ADSUKI, adzuki (edible seed of Asian plant) [n] ADZUKIS ADIKSUZ ADZUKI, edible seed of Asian plant [n] AGAPEIC AACEGIP AGAPE, communal meal of fellowship [adj] AGOROTH AGHOORT AGORA, marketplace in ancient Greece [n] AJOWANS AAJNOSW AJOWAN, fruit of Egyptian plant [n] ALBUMEN ABELMNU white of egg [n -S] ALFREDO ADEFLOR served with white cheese sauce [adj] ALIMENT AEILMNT to nourish (to sustain with food) [v -ED, -ING, -S] ALLIUMS AILLMSU ALLIUM, bulbous herb [n] ALMONDS ADLMNOS ALMOND, edible nut of small tree [n] ALMONDY ADLMNOY ALMOND, edible nut of small tree [adj] ANCHOVY ACHNOVY small food fish [n -VIES] ANISEED ADEEINS seed of anise used as flavoring [n -S] ANOREXY AENORXY anorexia (loss of appetite) [n -XIES] APRICOT ACIOPRT edible fruit [n -S] ARROCES ACEORRS ARROZ, rice [n] ARROZES AEORRSZ ARROZ, rice [n] ARUGOLA
    [Show full text]
  • Red River of the North “A Winding Journey to History
    RED RIVER OF THE NORTH “A WINDING JOURNEY TO HISTORY” Headwaters at Breckenridge, Minnesota, U.S.A. By NEOMA A. LAKEN 2010 CONTENTS WELCOME FOREWORD INTRODUCTION CHAPTER 1 General Information CHAPTER 2 Prehistoric Heritage CHAPTER 3 Converging Rivers CHAPTER 4 Steamboats, Flatboats & Barges CHAPTER 5 Graham’s Point, Pre-1819 Trading Post CHAPTER 6 Red River Oxcarts CHAPTER 7 Fort Abercrombie, Dakota Territory CHAPTER 8 Sister River Cities: Breckenridge, MN Wahpeton, ND CHAPTER 9 Red River of the North Flooding CHAPTER 10 Flora and Fauna CHAPTER 11 Renewed Vision for the Red River of the North EPILOG REFERENCES - 2 - WELCOME... Breckenridge, Wilkin County, Minnesota, United States of America, and Wahpeton, Richland County, North Dakota, United States of America, welcome you to the Red River of the North. Some of the information contained comes from the records in the office of the County Recorder, in the Wilkin County Courthouse, Breckenridge MN. Some is local historical lore passed on to generations throughout the years and told to the author. While yet other information is a meshing of historical facts. As with the telling of any history, sagas differ slightly with the various perspectives of the authors. I hope you will find your visit to the Red River of the North a pleasant one. Enjoy your visit . and come back soon! Neoma A. Laken, Author 108 North 15th Street Breckenridge, Minnesota 56520 United States of America All rights in and to this book reserved by author. No portion may be reprinted without permission. Additional copies of this book are available from River Keepers, 325 7th St South, Fargo, ND 58103, www.riverkeepers.org for a cost of $10.
    [Show full text]
  • Culinary Chronicles
    Culinary Chronicles The Newsletter of the Culinary Historians of Canada AUTUMN 2010 NUMBER 66 “Indian method of fishing on Skeena River,” British Columbia Dominion Illustrated Monthly, August 4, 1888 (Image courtesy of Mary Williamson) ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Contents President’s Message: We are now the In a Circular Line It All Comes Back Culinary Historians of Canada! 2 Vivien Reiss 16, 18 Members’ News 2 An Ode to Chili Sauce Indigenous Foodways of Northern Ontario Margaret Lyons 17, 18, 21 Connie H. Nelson and Mirella Stroink 3–5 Book Reviews: Speaking of Food, No. 2: More than Pachamama Caroline Paulhus 19 Pemmican: First Nations’ Food Words Foodies: Democracy and Distinction Gary Draper 6–8 in the Gourmet Foodscape Tea with an Esquimaux Lady 8 Anita Stewart 20 First Nation’s Ways of Cooking Fish 9 Just Add Shoyu Margaret Lyons 21 “It supplied such excellent nourishment” Watching What We Eat Dean Tudor 22 – The Perception, Adoption and Adaptation Punched Drunk Dean Tudor 22–23 of 17th-Century Wendat Foodways by the CHC Upcoming Events 23 French Also of Interest to Members 23 Amy Scott 10–15 About CHC 24 Lapin Braisé et Têtes de Violon 15 2 Culinary Chronicles _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ President’s Message: We are now the Culinary Historians of Canada! Thank you to everyone who voted on our recent resolution to change the Culinary Historians of Ontario to the Culinary Historians of Canada. This important decision deserved a vote from the whole membership, and it was well worth the effort of distributing and counting ballots. Just over 60% of members cast their ballots, favouring by a wide margin of 4:1 to change the organization's name.
    [Show full text]