GIS Technology and Applications for the Fire Service
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Technical Bulletins: Drinking from a Fire Hydrant: the Fire Department's Role in Protecting the Public Water System
University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange MTAS Publications: Technical Bulletins Municipal Technical Advisory Service (MTAS) 3-1-2006 Technical Bulletins: Drinking from a Fire Hydrant: The Fire Department's Role in Protecting the Public Water System Gary West Municipal Technical Advisory Service Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_mtastech Part of the Public Administration Commons The MTAS publications provided on this website are archival documents intended for informational purposes only and should not be considered as authoritative. The content contained in these publications may be outdated, and the laws referenced therein may have changed or may not be applicable to your city or circumstances. For current information, please visit the MTAS website at: mtas.tennessee.edu. Recommended Citation West, Gary, "Technical Bulletins: Drinking from a Fire Hydrant: The Fire Department's Role in Protecting the Public Water System" (2006). MTAS Publications: Technical Bulletins. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_mtastech/20 This Bulletin is brought to you for free and open access by the Municipal Technical Advisory Service (MTAS) at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in MTAS Publications: Technical Bulletins by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. TECHNICAL bulletin 03-01-06 DRINKING FROM A FIRE HYDRANT: The Fire Department’s Role in Protecting the Public Water System Gary L. West, Fire Management Consultant A revised state regulation concerning fire in carrying out the state’s primary enforcement hydrants is causing concern for fire department responsibility under the Federal Safe Drinking leaders, providers of public water supplies, Water Act. -
Smoke Alarms in US Home Fires Marty Ahrens February 2021
Smoke Alarms in US Home Fires Marty Ahrens February 2021 Copyright © 2021 National Fire Protection Association® (NFPA®) Key Findings Smoke alarms were present in three-quarters (74 percent) of the injuries from fires in homes with smoke alarms occurred in properties reported homei fires in 2014–2018. Almost three out of five home with battery-powered alarms. When present, hardwired smoke alarms fire deathsii were caused by fires in properties with no smoke alarms operated in 94 percent of the fires considered large enough to trigger a (41 percent) or smoke alarms that failed to operate (16 percent). smoke alarm. Battery-powered alarms operated 82 percent of the time. Missing or non-functional power sources, including missing or The death rate per 1,000 home structure fires is 55 percent lower in disconnected batteries, dead batteries, and disconnected hardwired homes with working smoke alarms than in homes with no alarms or alarms or other AC power issues, were the most common factors alarms that fail to operate. when smoke alarms failed to operate. Of the fire fatalities that occurred in homes with working smoke Compared to reported home fires with no smoke alarms or automatic alarms, 22 percent of those killed were alerted by the device but extinguishing systems (AES) present, the death rate per 1,000 reported failed to respond, while 11 percent were not alerted by the operating fires was as follows: alarm. • 35 percent lower when battery-powered smoke alarms were People who were fatally injured in home fires with working smoke present, but AES was not, alarms were more likely to have been in the area of origin and • 51 percent lower when smoke alarms with any power source involved in the ignition, to have a disability, to be at least 65 years were present but AES was not, old, to have acted irrationally, or to have tried to fight the fire themselves. -
Wildland Firefighter Smoke Exposure
❑ United States Department of Agriculture Wildland Firefighter Smoke Exposure EST SERVIC FOR E Forest National Technology & 1351 1803 October 2013 D E E P R A U RTMENT OF AGRICULT Service Development Program 5100—Fire Management Wildland Firefighter Smoke Exposure By George Broyles Fire Project Leader Information contained in this document has been developed for the guidance of employees of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Forest Service, its contractors, and cooperating Federal and State agencies. The USDA Forest Service assumes no responsibility for the interpretation or use of this information by other than its own employees. The use of trade, firm, or corporation names is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official evaluation, conclusion, recommendation, endorsement, or approval of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or part of an individual’s income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA’s TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. -
Fire Service Features of Buildings and Fire Protection Systems
Fire Service Features of Buildings and Fire Protection Systems OSHA 3256-09R 2015 Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 “To assure safe and healthful working conditions for working men and women; by authorizing enforcement of the standards developed under the Act; by assisting and encouraging the States in their efforts to assure safe and healthful working conditions; by providing for research, information, education, and training in the field of occupational safety and health.” This publication provides a general overview of a particular standards- related topic. This publication does not alter or determine compliance responsibilities which are set forth in OSHA standards and the Occupational Safety and Health Act. Moreover, because interpretations and enforcement policy may change over time, for additional guidance on OSHA compliance requirements the reader should consult current administrative interpretations and decisions by the Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission and the courts. Material contained in this publication is in the public domain and may be reproduced, fully or partially, without permission. Source credit is requested but not required. This information will be made available to sensory-impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 693-1999; teletypewriter (TTY) number: 1-877-889-5627. This guidance document is not a standard or regulation, and it creates no new legal obligations. It contains recommendations as well as descriptions of mandatory safety and health standards. The recommendations are advisory in nature, informational in content, and are intended to assist employers in providing a safe and healthful workplace. The Occupational Safety and Health Act requires employers to comply with safety and health standards and regulations promulgated by OSHA or by a state with an OSHA-approved state plan. -
Wildland Fire Incident Management Field Guide
A publication of the National Wildfire Coordinating Group Wildland Fire Incident Management Field Guide PMS 210 April 2013 Wildland Fire Incident Management Field Guide April 2013 PMS 210 Sponsored for NWCG publication by the NWCG Operations and Workforce Development Committee. Comments regarding the content of this product should be directed to the Operations and Workforce Development Committee, contact and other information about this committee is located on the NWCG Web site at http://www.nwcg.gov. Questions and comments may also be emailed to [email protected]. This product is available electronically from the NWCG Web site at http://www.nwcg.gov. Previous editions: this product replaces PMS 410-1, Fireline Handbook, NWCG Handbook 3, March 2004. The National Wildfire Coordinating Group (NWCG) has approved the contents of this product for the guidance of its member agencies and is not responsible for the interpretation or use of this information by anyone else. NWCG’s intent is to specifically identify all copyrighted content used in NWCG products. All other NWCG information is in the public domain. Use of public domain information, including copying, is permitted. Use of NWCG information within another document is permitted, if NWCG information is accurately credited to the NWCG. The NWCG logo may not be used except on NWCG-authorized information. “National Wildfire Coordinating Group,” “NWCG,” and the NWCG logo are trademarks of the National Wildfire Coordinating Group. The use of trade, firm, or corporation names or trademarks in this product is for the information and convenience of the reader and does not constitute an endorsement by the National Wildfire Coordinating Group or its member agencies of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. -
Chapter 2 Water Distribution Design and Construction Standards And
CHAPTER 2 WATER DISTRIBUTION DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION STANDARDS AND SPECIFICATIONS November 1998 Revised May 2007 Prepared by : City of Marysville Public Works / Community Development CITY OF MARYSVILLE DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION STANDARDS AND SPECIFICATIONS CHAPTER 2 - WATER DISTRIBUTION Page No. 2-000 Water 2-1 2-010 General 2-1 2-020 Design Standards 2-2 2-030 Connections to Existing Water Main 2-2 2-040 Service Interruption 2-3 2-050 A. Water System Materials 2-3 B. Main Line 2-4 C. Dead End Line 2-4 D. Flexible Gasketed Joints - D.I. 2-4 E. Fittings 2-5 F. Polyethylene Encasement 2-5 G. Minimum Cover 2-5 H. Couplings 2-5 I. Adapters 2-6 J. Bolts in Piping 2-6 2-060 Hydrants 2-6 A. Requirements 2-6 B. Hydrant Leads 2-6 C. Installation 2-6 D. Hydrant Spacing and Guidelines 2-7 2-070 Valves 2-10 A. Gate Valves 2-11 B. Butterfly Valves 2-11 C. Valve Boxes 2-11 D. Operating Valve Nut Extensions 2-11 E. Valve Marker Post 2-12 F. Check Valves 2-12 G. Air & Vacuum Release Valves 2-12 2-080 Pressure Reducing Stations and Pressure Reducing Valves 2-12 2-090 Service Connections 2-14 2-100 Steel Casing 2-16 2-110 Galvanized Iron Pipe 2-16 2-120 Blowoff Assembly 2-17 2-130 Concrete Bedding & Blocking 2-17 2-140 Joint Restraint 2-17 2-150 Backflow Prevention 2-18 1. Reduced Pressure Backflow Assembly with Detector 2. Double Check Valve Assembly 3. -
Ash Pit Burn Injuries
Event Type: Ash Pit Burn Injuries Date: Mid-Late August 2019 Fire Season Location: Southcentral Alaska “The normal season-ending rains that have arrived over Alaska’s Interior have yet to materialize over Southcentral Alaska and the Kenai Peninsula. The weather forecast for the next several days shows that, aside from some isolated rain showers, no widespread steady rains are expected.” Eric Stevens, Fire Meteorologist Alaska Interagency Coordination Center Drought Code indices for Southcentral Alaska on August 23, 2019. Introduction The 2019 fire season in Southcentral Alaska has been unusually dry and the area is experiencing extreme to severe drought. Drought indices are at or above historic highs which has allowed fuels to dry to a substantial depth. Fires in the area are burning deep into organic layers in the ground, creating hazardous ash pits that have caused burn injuries to several firefighters. Historically, Southcentral Alaska has experienced similar ash pit issues in 1996 (Millers Reach Fire) and 2015 (Sockeye Fire). The combination of deep duff and organic soils with drought conditions creates an environment for fires to burn deep into the ground and create ash pits that may be more hazardous than those encountered in other areas of the state. Other contributing factors include ground material being disturbed from home site improvement, agriculture and wind rows. The depth and heat trapped within some ash pits has taken firefighters by surprise. Firefighters may not recognize the hazard associated with these areas. The Swan Lake and McKinley fires have reported multiple ash pit-related burn injuries. 1 Swan Lake Fire Located on the Kenai Peninsula Northeast of Sterling, Alaska A two-person saw team from an IHC crew was performing hazard tree mitigation on this fire when the swamper stepped into an 18-inch-deep ash pit while trying to move a bucked log. -
Fire Management Today
Fire today ManagementVolume 68 • No. 3 • Summer 2008 INTERNATIONAL FIRE MANAGEMENT— PART 1 United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service Coming Next… The next issue of Fire Management Today (68[4] Fall 2008), Part II of International Fire Management, gives insight into the International Cooperation in Wildland Fire Management and how countries around the world are meeting these challenges. Learn about the use of the Incident Command System as a basis for International Cooperation. {Excerpt} “Globally, communities expect that emergencies will be dealt with safely, effectively, and efficiently by emergency management agencies.” Murray Dudfield, National Rural Fire Officer for the National Rural Fire Authority, Wellington, New Zealand. The Fall issue will highlight programs throughout the world that are working to meet these expectations. Special Thanks to Our Coordinator Recently retired from the Forest Service, Denny Truesdale was the fire management specialist for the Deputy Chief of State and Private Forestry in Washington, DC. He began serving as the International Activities Coordinator in 1990. He was a member of the Wildland Fire Advisory Group, United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction, and the Wildland Fire Working Group of the North American Forestry Commission. He also served on the Advisory Group for the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization’s Fire Management Alliance. Denny has assisted in planning four International Wildland Fire Conferences and was the Chair of the International Liaison Committee, which is planning the 5th conference to be held in 2011. Fire Management Today is published by the Forest Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC. The Secretary of Agriculture has determined that the publication of this periodical is necessary in the transaction of the public business required by law of this Department. -
Session 611 Fire Behavior Ppt Instructor Notes
The Connecticut Fire Academy Unit 6.1 Recruit Firefighter Program Chapter 6 Presentation Instructor Notes Fire Behavior Slide 1 Recruit Firefighter Connecticut Fire Academy – Recruit Program 1 Slide 2 © Darin Echelberger/ShutterStock, Inc. CHAPTER 6 Fire Behavior Connecticut Fire Academy – Recruit Program Slide 3 Some have said that fires in modern furnished Fires Are Not Unpredictable! homes are unpredictable • A thorough knowledge of fire behavior will help you predict fireground events Nothing is unpredictable, firefighters just need to know what clues to look for Connecticut Fire Academy – Recruit Program Slide 4 Connecticut Fire Academy Recruit Program CHEMISTRY OF COMBUSTION Connecticut Fire Academy – Recruit Program 1 of 26 Revision: 011414 The Connecticut Fire Academy Unit 6.1 Recruit Firefighter Program Chapter 6 Presentation Instructor Notes Fire Behavior Slide 5 A basic understanding of how fire burns will give a Chemistry firefighter the ability to choose the best means of • Understanding the • Fire behavior is one of chemistry of fire will the largest extinguishment make you more considerations when effective choosing tactics Fire behavior and building construction are the basis for all of our actions on the fire ground Connecticut Fire Academy – Recruit Program Slide 6 What is Fire? • A rapid chemical reaction that produces heat and light Connecticut Fire Academy – Recruit Program Slide 7 Types of Reactions Exothermic Endothermic • Gives off heat • Absorbs heat Connecticut Fire Academy – Recruit Program Slide 8 Non-flaming -
Fire Prevention & Safety Checklist
FireSafety ENG.qxd:Layout 1 5/29/09 1:35 PM Page 1 Be Red Cross Ready Fire Prevention & Safety Checklist The most effective way to protect yourself and your home from fire • If a fire occurs in your home, GET OUT, STAY OUT and CALL for help. is to identify and remove fire hazards. Sixty-five percent of • Install smoke alarms on every level of your home, inside bedrooms and home fire deaths occur in homes outside sleeping areas. Test them every month and replace the batteries with no working smoke alarms. at least once a year. During a home fire, working smoke alarms and a fire escape • Talk with all household members about a fire escape plan and practice the plan twice a year. plan that has been practiced regularly can save lives. Prevent home fires Practice fire safety at home In case of fire … Steps You Can Take Now Smoke Alarms Follow Your Escape Plan! ❏ Keep items that can catch on fire at least ❏ Install smoke alarms on every level of Remember to GET OUT, STAY OUT and three feet away from anything that gets your home, inside bedrooms and outside CALL 9-1-1 or your local emergency phone hot, such as space heaters. sleeping areas. number. ❏ Never smoke in bed. ❏ Teach children what smoke alarms sound ❏ If closed doors or handles are warm, use like and what to do when they hear one. your second way out. Never open doors ❏ Talk to children regularly about the that are warm to the touch. dangers of fire, matches and lighters and ❏ Once a month check whether each alarm keep them out of reach. -
CHAPTER 17 FIRE DEPARTMENT SECTION 17-1 Fire Chief SECTION
CHAPTER 17 FIRE DEPARTMENT SECTION 17-1 Fire Chief SECTION 17-2 Fire Marshall SECTION 17-3 Salary. When and How Paid SECTION 17-4 Duties and Powers SECTION 17-5 Authority to Remove Poles, Wires, and Buildings. Limitations SECTION 17-6 Fire Department May blockade Street SECTION 17-7 Limits At Fire SECTION 17-8 Unlawful Interference with Officers, Apparatus, Water, etc. Penalty SECTION 17-9 Fire Hydrants, Parking Nearby SECTION 17-10 Fire Hydrants on Private Property SECTION 17-11 Use of Water SECTION 17-12 Theaters, Places of Public Assembly. Chief to Prescribe Rules SECTION 17-13 Combustibles SECTION 17-14 Right to Enter Premises SECTION 17-15 Dangerous and Defective Structures, Combustible Waste, Explosives, Storage of, Notice to Make Safe SECTION 17-16 Unoccupied Buildings SECTION 17-17 Investigation After Fire. Report SECTION 17-18 Wilfully or Negligently Causing Fire SECTION 17-19 Throwing Lighted Objects from Vehicle SECTION 17-20 Driving Over Fire Hose SECTION 17-21 Right of Way SECTION 17-22 Apparatus SECTION 17-23 Interference with Apparatus. Penalty SECTION 17-24 False Alarm. Penalty SECTION 17-25 False Alarm. Practice Runs SECTION 17-26 Open Burning SECTION 17-27 Knox Box SECTION 17-28 Traffic Control Preemption Equipment CHAPTER 17 FIRE Department SECTION 17-1. Fire Chief. The Mayor, with the consent of and approval of the City Council, shall appoint the Chief of the Fire Department. The City Manager shall initiate the recruitment process as determined by the City personnel policies. Volunteer firefighters will be part of the selection committee. The Fire Chief shall organize and direct the activities and staff to protect lives and property of the City. -
Fire Hydrant & Fire Water Supply Requirements
Chambers County Fire Marshal’s Office Fire Hydrant & Fire Water Requirements Fire Water Requirement: Chambers County Fire Code and International Fire Code, 2018 Edition, require approved fire water supplies for fire protection (Section 507). The inability of a proposed occupancy to provide adequate water and distribution systems for fire protection, as deemed necessary by the fire code official according to the hazards associated with the occupancy, shall constitute grounds to deny the issuance of a permit (Chambers County Fire Code, Exhibit A, Sec. 507.1.1). Fire Hydrants: 1. If you are in an area served by a water district or municipal services, fire hydrants are required if a 6” or larger main fronts any side of your property. In areas not served by a water district or municipal services, see the last section of this document, “Fire Water Supplies in Undeveloped Areas”. 2. The maximum distance from a fire hydrant to a building is 400’ per IFC 2018 507.5.1, with an allowable increase of up to 600’ for a building with an automatic sprinkler system. This distance should be determined “as a hose would lay”, and measured to the exterior portions of the building (perimeter of building). More than one hydrant may be necessary to meet this requirement. 3. Hydrants shall be located out of the collapse zone of a building (NFPA 24 2016 7.2.4). 4. Hydrants shall have unobstructed access (507.5.4). (ie., not blocked by fences, etc.) 5. A hydrant must be located within 100’ from an FDC. 6. The use of a hydrant must not require the blocking of main driveways or access into the facility.