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Scotland, Nuclear Energy Policy and Independence Raphael J. Heffron
Scotland, Nuclear Energy Policy and Independence EPRG Working Paper 1407 Cambridge Working Paper in Economics 1457 Raphael J. Heffron and William J. Nuttall Abstract This paper examines the role of nuclear energy in Scotland, and the concerns for Scotland as it votes for independence. The aim is to focus directly on current Scottish energy policy and its relationship to nuclear energy. The paper does not purport to advise on a vote for or against Scottish independence but aims to further the debate in an underexplored area of energy policy that will be of value whether Scotland secures independence or further devolution. There are four central parts to this paper: (1) consideration of the Scottish electricity mix; (2) an analysis of a statement about nuclear energy made by the Scottish energy minister; (3) examination of nuclear energy issues as presented in the Scottish Independence White Paper; and (4) the issue of nuclear waste is assessed. A recurrent theme in the analysis is that whether one is for, against, or indifferent to new nuclear energy development, it highlights a major gap in Scotland’s energy and environmental policy goals. Too often, the energy policy debate from the Scottish Government perspective has been reduced to a low-carbon energy development debate between nuclear energy and renewable energy. There is little reflection on how to reduce Scottish dependency on fossil fuels. For Scotland to aspire to being a low-carbon economy, to decarbonising its electricity market, and to being a leader within the climate change community, it needs to tackle the issue of how to stop the continuation of burning fossil fuels. -
A Railway to Regenerate Levenmouth
A railway to regenerate Levenmouth This booklet shows the benefits of reinstating the mothballed Levenmouth railway and how this would transform the A project that ticks local community. all the boxes Scottish National Transport Policy LMRC High Level Promote economic growth √ Objectives Promote social inclusion √ Protect environment and improve health √ Improve safety of journeys √ Improve integration √ Key Strategic Improved journey times and connections √ Outcomes Reduced emissions √ Improved quality, accessibility and affordability √ CONTENTS Page 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Executive Summary 1 1.2 The Vision 2 1.3 The Proposal 3 2. BACKGROUND INFORMATION 2.1 The mothballed Leven line 4 2.2 Population 6 2.3 Previous studies 8 2.4 Potential rail freight 10 2.5 Support for Levenmouth rail link 11 3. BENEFITS 3.1 Personal stories 12 3.2 What makes a good rail reopening project? 14 3.3 Delivering Scottish Government policy 15 3.4 Freight 16 3.5 Land Value Capture 17 3.6 Tourism 18 3.7 Wider economic and regional benefits 20 3.8 The business case - Benefit to Cost ratio 21 4. RE-INSTATING THE RAILWAY 4.1 Construction costs - Comparing Levenmouth with Borders 22 4.2 Timetable issues 24 4.3 Other project issues 25 5. MOVING FORWARD 5.1 Conclusions 26 5.2 The final report? 26 6. LEVENMOUTH RAIL CAMPAIGN 6.1 About our campaign 27 6.2 Our Charter 28 6.3 More information 29 - 1 - 1. Introduction 1.1 Executive Summary This booklet has been produced by the Levenmouth Rail Campaign (LMRC) with the support of a group of railway professionals who wish to lend their expertise to the campaign. -
STATUS REPORT on SEISMIC RE-EVALUATION English Only Text
Unclassified NEA/CSNI/R(98)5 Organisation de Coopération et de Développement Economiques OLIS : 10-Nov-1998 Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Dist. : 16-Nov-1998 __________________________________________________________________________________________ English text only Unclassified NEA/CSNI/R(98)5 NUCLEAR ENERGY AGENCY COMMITTEE ON THE SAFETY OF NUCLEAR INSTALLATIONS STATUS REPORT ON SEISMIC RE-EVALUATION English text English only 71673 Document incomplet sur OLIS Incomplete document on OLIS NEA/CSNI/R(98)5 ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT Pursuant to Article 1 of the Convention signed in Paris on 14th December 1960, and which came into force on 30th September 1961, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) shall promote policies designed: − to achieve the highest sustainable economic growth and employment and a rising standard of living in Member countries, while maintaining financial stability, and thus to contribute to the development of the world economy; − to contribute to sound economic expansion in Member as well as non-member countries in the process of economic development; and − to contribute to the expansion of world trade on a multilateral, non-discriminatory basis in accordance with international obligations. The original Member countries of the OECD are Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, the United Kingdom and the United States. The following countries became Members subsequently through accession at the dates indicated hereafter; Japan (28th April 1964), Finland (28th January 1969), Australia (7th June 1971), New Zealand (29th May 1973), Mexico (18th May 1994), the Czech Republic (21st December 1995), Hungary (7th May 1996), Poland (22nd November 1996) and the Republic of Korea (12th December 1996). -
Coasts and Seas of the United Kingdom. Region 4 South-East Scotland: Montrose to Eyemouth
Coasts and seas of the United Kingdom Region 4 South-east Scotland: Montrose to Eyemouth edited by J.H. Barne, C.F. Robson, S.S. Kaznowska, J.P. Doody, N.C. Davidson & A.L. Buck Joint Nature Conservation Committee Monkstone House, City Road Peterborough PE1 1JY UK ©JNCC 1997 This volume has been produced by the Coastal Directories Project of the JNCC on behalf of the project Steering Group. JNCC Coastal Directories Project Team Project directors Dr J.P. Doody, Dr N.C. Davidson Project management and co-ordination J.H. Barne, C.F. Robson Editing and publication S.S. Kaznowska, A.L. Buck, R.M. Sumerling Administration & editorial assistance J. Plaza, P.A. Smith, N.M. Stevenson The project receives guidance from a Steering Group which has more than 200 members. More detailed information and advice comes from the members of the Core Steering Group, which is composed as follows: Dr J.M. Baxter Scottish Natural Heritage R.J. Bleakley Department of the Environment, Northern Ireland R. Bradley The Association of Sea Fisheries Committees of England and Wales Dr J.P. Doody Joint Nature Conservation Committee B. Empson Environment Agency C. Gilbert Kent County Council & National Coasts and Estuaries Advisory Group N. Hailey English Nature Dr K. Hiscock Joint Nature Conservation Committee Prof. S.J. Lockwood Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Sciences C.R. Macduff-Duncan Esso UK (on behalf of the UK Offshore Operators Association) Dr D.J. Murison Scottish Office Agriculture, Environment & Fisheries Department Dr H.J. Prosser Welsh Office Dr J.S. Pullen WWF-UK (Worldwide Fund for Nature) Dr P.C. -
Birkett, Derek G
SUBMISSION FROM DEREK G BIRKETT Security of Scotland’s Energy Supply Personal Introduction The author has had a lifetime of working experience in the electricity supply industry, retiring at the millenium after twenty years as a grid control engineer under both state and privatised operation. Previous experience on shift were on coal and hydro plant for a decade, with the CEGB and NofSHEB. A further decade was spent on project installation and commissioning at five power station locations across the UK of which two were coal and three nuclear including Dounreay PFR. The latter experience gave chartered status on a basis of an engineering degree from Leeds University. Upon retirement, commitment was given as a technical witness for two public inquiries opposing wind farm applications as well as being an independent witness at the strategic session of the Beauly/Denny public inquiry. In 2010 a book was published entitled ‘When will the Lights go out?’ leading to public presentations, three of which were held in London. http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Resource/Doc/917/0088330.pdf (page 72) Basic Principles As a commodity electricity cannot be stored to any degree and must therefore be produced on demand. As an essential service to modern society its provision is highly dependent upon a narrow field of specialised technical expertise. The unified GB Grid is a dynamic entity, inherently unstable. Transmission interconnection of various supply sources provide security and enable significant capital and operational savings. However bulk transmission of power brings power losses, mitigated by siting generation in proximity to consumer demand. Maintaining system balance on a continual basis is critical for system security, not just with active power but also reactive power that enables voltage (pressure) levels to be maintained. -
Nuclear Energy: the Big Lie
The Trap Chapter 6 Nuclear Energy: The Big Lie You believe that it is possible to make a very major change in our energy policy? Yes. Technology is now available which would allow us to transform the way we produce and use energy. If we seize the opportunity to make a radical change, the effects would be extraordinarily beneficial to the economy, the environment and public safety. What has suddenly changed to make you so optimistic? The Cold War has ended. During the Cold War, the principal weapons were nuclear. Nuclear energy was an extension of military research and both were to some degree controlled by the same state scientific elites, which for reasons of national security maintained secrecy even when the nuclear programme was extended to non-military projects. Successive governments believed that if problems arose in the civil project, these should be kept secret so as not to endanger the military programme. At first it was thought that nuclear energy would be safe and unlimited, and therefore would put an end to western dependence on imported energy. It was also believed that electricity generated by nuclear means would be, as the Chairman of the US Atomic Energy Commission declared, 'too cheap to meter'.1 Western governments devoted a major part of their resources to developing nuclear energy. Between 1979 and 1990 the member nations of the International Energy Agency spent nearly 60 per cent of their energy research budget on nuclear power. Only 9.4 per cent was devoted to developing renewable sources of energy and 6.4 per cent to methods for saving energy.2 With almost unlimited state backing, nuclear scientists and administrators operated in secret and above the law. -
Socio-Economic Baseline Reviews for Offshore Renewables in Scottish Waters
RPA. Marine Scotland Socio-economic Baseline Reviews for Offshore Renewables in Scottish Waters Volume 1: Main Text Report R.1905 September 2012 RPA. Marine Scotland Socio-economic Baseline Reviews for Offshore Renewables in Scottish Waters Volume 2: Figures Report R.1905 September 2012 Marine Scotland Socio-economic Baseline Reviews for Offshore Renewables in Scottish Waters Date: September 2012 Project Ref: R4032/3 Report No: R.1905 © ABP Marine Environmental Research Ltd Version Details of Change Authorised By Date 1 Working Copy C E Brown 02.12.11 2 Final C E Brown 07.02.12 3 Final C E Brown 26.04.12 4 Final C E Brown 28.06.12 5 Final C E Brown 24.09.12 Document Authorisation Signature Date Project Manager: C E Brown Quality Manager: H Roberts Project Director: S C Hull ABP Marine Environmental Research Ltd Quayside Suite, Medina Chambers Town Quay Tel: +44(0)23 8071 1840 SOUTHAMPTON Fax: +44(0)23 8071 1841 Hampshire Web: www.abpmer.co.uk SO14 2AQ Email: [email protected] ABPmer is certified by: All images copyright ABPmer apart from front cover (wave, anemone, bird) and policy & management (rockpool) Andy Pearson www.oceansedgephotography.co.uk Socio-economic Baseline Reviews for Offshore Renewables in Scottish Waters Summary ABP Marine Environmental Research Ltd (ABPmer) and RPA were commissioned by Marine Scotland to prepare a baseline socio-economic review to inform impact assessments of future sectoral plans for offshore wind and wave and tidal energy in Scottish Territorial Waters and waters offshore of Scotland (hereafter „Scottish Waters‟). This report provides a national overview of socio-economic activities together with regional baseline reviews covering the six Scottish Offshore Renewable Energy Regions (SORERs). -
Draft Kirkcaldy & Mid Fife Local Plan
DRAFT KIRKCALDY & MID FIFE LOCAL PLAN TPS SUMMARY AND ANALYSIS OF REPRESENTATIONS TO PlanningPlanning THE DRAFT KIRKCALDY & MID FIFE LOCAL PLAN CONSULTATION 2008 Report prepared for Fife Council Development Services by TPS Planning Ltd. APRIL 2009 TPS Planning Ltd. CBC House, 24 Canning Street, Edinburgh, EH3 8EG. tel: 0131 272 2775 fax: 0131 272 2800 www.tpsplanning.com Contents Page REPORTH INTRODUCTION H 5 BackgroundH H 5 ResponsesH to the Consultation H 6 StructureH and Content of Report H 7 BriefH Overall Summary by Respondent GroupH 9 ExplanationH of Abbreviations used in this Report H 11 COMMENTSH ON GENERAL MATTERS, PRELIMINARY SECTIONS AND GLOSSARY H 13 GeneralH Comments on Draft Local Plan H 13 AlternativeH Languages and Formats H 17 GlossaryH H 18 ForewordH H 18 IntroductionH H 19 PolicyH Context H 20 COMMENTSH ON PLAN STATEMENT H 21 TheH Local Plan Development Strategy H 21 StrategicH Context H 23 StrategicH Locations H 26 SustainableH Development H 30 DevelopingH the Economy H 31 MeetingH Housing Needs H 33 SafeguardingH and Improving the Environment H 38 ProvidingH for Infrastructure and Community Needs H 40 DevelopingH the Transport Network H 41 Implementation,H Monitoring and Review H 42 COMMENTSH ON SETTLEMENT AND LANDWARD PLANS H 43 CommentsH on Settlement Plans IntroductionH 43 AuchtertoolH H 44 Ballingry,H Lochore, Crosshill & Glencraig H 45 BurntislandH H 49 Cardenden,H Dundonald, Auchterderran & Bowhill H 54 ClunyH H 58 CoaltownH of Wemyss H 59 Cowdenbeath,H Hill of Beath & Lumphinnans H 60 Crossgates,H Fordell & -
Progress Report 2010
Fife Council – Scotland July 2010 2010 Air Quality Progress Report for Fife Council In fulfilment of Part IV of the Environment Act 1995 Local Air Quality Management July 2010 Progress Report i July 2010 Fife Council – Scotland Title 2010 Air Quality Progress Report for Fife Council Customer Fife Council Customer reference AEAT/ENV/FIFEPRG2010 Confidentiality, copyright This report is the Copyright of AEA Technology plc and has been prepared by AEA and reproduction Technology plc under contract to Fife Council. The contents of this report may not be reproduced in whole or in part, nor passed to any organisation or person without the specific prior written permission of AEA Technology plc. AEA Technology plc accepts no liability whatsoever to any third party for any loss or damage arising from any interpretation or use of the information contained in this report, or reliance on any views expressed therein. File reference AEAT/ENV/R/2977 Reference number ED56066 AEA Glengarnock Technology Centre Caledonian Road Glengarnock Ayrshire KA14 3DD T: 0870 190 5301 F: 0870 190 5151 AEA is a business name of AEA Technology plc AEA is certificated to ISO9001 and ISO14001 Author Name David Monaghan Approved by Name Scott Hamilton Signature Date 23.07.2010 ii Progress Report Fife Council – Scotland July 2010 Local Authority Douglas Mayne Officer Department Environmental Strategy Team Address Fife Council Environmental Services Kingdom House Kingdom Avenue Glenrothes Fife KY7 5LY Telephone 08451 555555. Ext. 493619 e-mail [email protected] Report Reference AEAT/ENV/R/2977 number Date 23/07/10 Progress Report iii July 2010 Fife Council – Scotland Executive Summary This Air Quality Progress Report has been prepared for Fife Council as part of the Local Air Quality Management (LAQM) system introduced in Part IV of the Environment Act 1995. -
Site & Surroundings
SITE & SURROUNDINGS The Story of Cockenzie & Port Seton Cockenzie and Port Seton are virtually horse-drawn railway carrying coal from One of the more obvious recent synonymous. The two settlements have the pits around Tranent to the harbour at developments took place in the 1960s long merged into one another and on Cockenzie. when the Cockenzie Power Station was maps the whole phrase is used as a single built on the coastal site of a disused name. These days it is fair to think of them During the 1745 Jacobite uprising the coal mine just to the west of Cockenzie as one large village with two harbours: Battle of Prestonpans took place a mile and Port Seton. The site was chosen to Port Seton harbour being half a mile to the south of Cockenzie and close to the line of make use of the excellent coal supplies east of Cockenzie harbour. the waggonway. History was made when available locally, the good rail links, and the waggonway was used to transport the availability of seawater for cooling: Cockenzie was the first to be established. troops to the battle, marking the railway's hence the absence of cooling towers. The There had probably been a village around first ever use in warfare. Power Station was built partly on the site its natural harbour long before it was of the former Preston Links Colliery, with chartered as a burgh by James VI in Cockenzie was also home for many years northern elements of the site reclaimed 1591. It then grew as a convenient means to boatyards producing fishing vessels from the Firth of Forth to facilitate of exporting the coal being unearthed and yachts. -
The Scottish Marine Protected Area Project – Developing the Evidence Base for Impact Assessments and the Sustainability Appraisal Final Report
Planning Scotland’s Seas The Scottish Marine Protected Area Project – Developing the Evidence Base for Impact Assessments and the Sustainability Appraisal Final Report Marine Scotland The Scottish Marine Protected Area Project – Developing the Evidence Base for Impact Assessments and the Sustainability Appraisal Final Report Date: July 2013 Project Ref: R/4136/1 Report No: R.2097 © ABP Marine Environmental Research Ltd Version Details of Change Date 1.0 Draft 29.04.2013 2.0 Draft 15.05.2013 3.0 Final 07.06.2013 4.0 Final 28.06.2013 5.0 Final 01.07.2013 6.0 Final 05.07.2013 Document Authorisation Signature Date Project Manager: S F Walmsley PP 05.07.2013 Quality Manager: C E Brown 05.07.2013 Project Director: S C Hull 05.07.2013 ABP Marine Environmental Research Ltd ABPmer is certified by: Quayside Suite, Medina Chambers, Town Quay, Southampton, Hampshire SO14 2AQ Tel: +44 (0) 23 8071 1840 Fax: +44 (0) 23 8071 1841 Web: www.abpmer.co.uk Email: [email protected] All images copyright ABPmer apart from front cover (wave, anemone, bird) and policy & management (rockpool) Andy Pearson www.oceansedgepzhotography.co.uk The Scottish Marine Protected Area Project – Developing the Evidence Base for Impact Assessments and the Sustainability Appraisal Summary Introduction The Marine (Scotland) Act and the UK Marine and Coastal Access Act contain provisions for the designation of a network of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) in Scottish territorial and offshore waters in order to protect marine biodiversity and geodiversity and contribute to a UK and international network of MPAs. -
Corporate Responsibility Report 2007 Corporate Responsibility Report 2007
Corporate Responsibility Report 2007 Corporate Responsibility Report 2007 Index Page number Welcome 2 Performance Summary 2007 3 Managing our Responsibilities Our Approach 6 Governance 7 Environment 8 Stakeholder Engagement 11 Scope 12 Benchmarking and Recognition 13 Our 12 Impacts 15 Provision of Energy 16 Health and Safety 25 Customer Experience 35 Climate Change and Emissions to Air 43 Waste and Resource Use 52 Biodiversity 62 Sites, Siting and Infrastructure 70 Employment Experience 75 Customers with Special Circumstances 88 Community 94 Procurement 107 Economic 113 Assurance Statement 116 Page 1 of 118 www.scottishpower.com/CorporateResponsibility.asp Corporate Responsibility Report 2007 Welcome 2007 was a landmark year for our business with the successful integration of ScottishPower and IBERDROLA. The new enlarged IBERDROLA Group ended 2007 as one of the worlds largest electricity companies by market capitalisation. Through the friendly integration, now successfully completed, we have reinforced our shared commitment to Corporate Responsibility. Our reporting year has been aligned to IBERDROLA so going forward we will be working on a calendar year basis. Achieving Scottish Business in the Community Large Company of the Year in 2007 was an important endorsement for ScottishPowers work and to our commitment to environmental and social issues. During 2007, we have announced significant investments in sustainable generation projects and environmental technologies; increased our 2010 target for delivery of wind energy projects in the UK to 1,200 MW and established partnerships that will help secure Scotlands place as the world leader in marine energy. In addition, we announced the UKs largest energy crop project and embarked on a major study into cleaner coal generation.