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Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid ISSN: 0211-1322 [email protected] Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas España Cano-Maqueda, Jara; Talavera, Salvador A taxonomic revision of the Campanula lusitanica complex (Campanulaceae) in the Western Mediterranean region Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid, vol. 68, núm. 1, enero-julio, 2011, pp. 15-47 Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Madrid, España Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=55618682002 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid Vol. 68(1): 15-47 enero-junio 2011 ISSN: 0211-1322 doi: 10.3989/ajbm.2274 A taxonomic revision of the Campanula lusitanica complex (Campanulaceae) in the Western Mediterranean region by Jara Cano-Maqueda & Salvador Talavera Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Universidad de Sevilla, E-41080 Sevilla, Spain. Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract Resumen Cano-Maqueda, J. & Talavera, S. 2011. A taxonomic revision of Cano-Maqueda, J. & Talavera, S. 2011. Una revisión taxonómi- the Campanula lusitanica complex (Campanulaceae) in the ca del complejo Campanula lusitanica (Campanulaceae) en la re- Western Mediterranean region. Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 68(1): gión occidental mediterránea. Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 68(1): 15-47. 15-47 (en inglés). The systematics of the annual species of the Campanula lusita - En este trabajo se revisa la sistemática de las especies anuales del nica complex in the Western Mediterranean is reviewed using complejo Campanula lusitanica en el occidente del Mediterrá- ITS sequences, karyology and morphology of all species of the neo usando secuencias ITS, cariología y análisis de los caracteres complex. The information provided by these three sources is morfológicos de todas las especies del complejo. La información consistent, and the species are reorganized into two groups with proporcionada por estas tres fuentes de caracteres es congruen- the rank of section: Campanula sect. Rapunculus Boiss. and te, y las distintas especies se reorganizan en dos grupos princi- Campanula sect. Decumbentes, the latter described as new in pales con categoría de sección, que se corresponden con los dos this work. These sections comprise two well-defined subclades subclados bien definidos: Campanula sect. Rapunculus Boiss. y in the phylogenetic analyses. Sect. Rapunculus is composed, in Campanula sect. Decumbentes, descrita como nueva en este the W Mediterranean region, by C. lusitanica L. and C. matriten- trabajo. En el Mediterráneo occidental, la sect. Rapunculus está sis A. DC., both with 2n = 18 chromosomes, and C. cabezudoi formada por las siguientes especies anuales: C. lusitanica L. y Cano-Maqueda & Talavera, C. specularioides Coss., C. transta- C. matritensis A. DC., con 2n = 18 cromosomas, y C. cabezudoi gana R. Fern., and C. broussonetiana Schult., all with 2n =20 Cano-Maqueda & Talavera, C. specularioides Coss., C. transta- chromosomes. In the Iberian Peninsula, Sect. Decumbentes gana R. Fern. y C. broussonetiana Schult., con 2n = 20 cromoso- com prises two endemic species, C. decumbens A. DC. with mas. En la Península Ibérica la sect. Decumbentes está represen- 2n = 32 chromosomes and C. dieckii Lange with 2n = 28 chro- tada por C. decumbens A. DC., con 2n = 32 cromosomas, y mosomes. In C. decumbens a new subspecies is described: C. dieckii Lange, con 2n = 28 cromosomas, ambas endémicas de C. decumbens subsp. baetica Cano-Maqueda & Talavera, which la Península Ibérica; de C. decumbens se describe una subespecie occurs in the Guadalquivir valley. In the formal systematic part nueva: C. decumbens subsp. baetica Cano-Maqueda & Talavera, we provide a key to identify these annual species of the Western taxon del valle del Guadalquivir muy bien diferenciado morfoló- Mediterranean, with a description and typification, photographs gicamente de la subsp. decumbens. En la parte sistemática se of flowers and fruits, distribution maps, and comments on the proporciona una clave para la identificación de estas especies habitat for each taxon. anuales del oeste del Mediterráneo, así como una descripción y tipificación, fotografías de las flores y frutos, mapas de distribu- ción, y aspectos de la ecología para cada uno de los táxones. Keywords: phylogeny, rn DNA ITS, karyology, systematic, typi- Palabras clave: filogenia, secuencias ITS, cariología, sistemá- fication. tica, tipificación. Introduction there are also some annual herbs, the latter mainly in The genus Campanula comprises about 420 species the Mediterranean. This genus has a high morpholog- distributed mainly in temperate regions of the North- ical complexity that is reflected in the different classi- ern Hemisphere (Lammers, 2007a, b). They are usu- fications that have been proposed. ally perennial herbs, although some are shrubby, and Based mainly on the morphology of the calyx, A. de 16 J. Cano-Maqueda & S. Talavera Candolle (1830, 1838) divided the genus Campanula C. peregrina L. (E Mediterranean, including Cyprus, into two sections: sect. Medium A. DC., with calycine Lebanon and SW Turkey and S Anatolia); they are appendages, and sect. Eucodon A. DC., without them. hispid perennial plants with large infundibuliform This classification was followed by most nineteenth flowers, arranged in spikes or panicles, with capsules century authors (e.g. Endlicher, 1838; Willkomm, opening by three pores of middle position, and with 1868; Bentham & Hooker, 1876; Rouy, 1908). In con- winged seeds. trast, Boissier (1875) divided the genus into two sec- Sect. Alaria contains a single species, C. pterocaula tions based on fruit dehiscence: sect. Medium A. DC., Hausskn., endemic to N and C Anatolia (Turkey); it is with capsules opening by basal pores or valves, and a biennial glabrous plant, with winged stems, large sect. Rapunculus Boiss., with apical or middle position flowers arranged in spiciform inflorescences, and cap- pores or valves. This classification was followed with sules opening by apical pores. some modifications by Fedorov (1957, 1976). Sect. Rapunculus contains around 50 species dis- Perhaps the taxonomic treatment with most insight tributed mainly in the Mediterranean region; it com- was that by Damboldt (1976) during the preparation prises perennial, biennial or annual plants, glabrous of the Flora of Turkey. He divided the genus Campa - or tomentose, with wingless stems, the inflorescence a nula into six subgenera: Campanula, Megalocalyx panicle, or sometimes spiciform, the capsules opening Damboldt, Sicyocodon (Feer) Damboldt, Roucela (Du- by apical or middle position pores, and wingless mort.) Damboldt, Brachycodonia (Fedorov) Damboldt seeds. and Rapunculus (Boiss.) Kharadze. The subgenus Recent molecular phylogenies (Eddie & al., 2003; Campanula includes plants with 3 or 5 stigmas, with or Park & al., 2006; Roquet & al., 2008, 2009; Cellinese & without calycine appendages, and with the capsules al., 2009; Borsch & al., 2009; Haberle & al., 2009; Ste- opening by basal or middle position pores, or indehis- fanovic ´ & Lakušic, ´ 2009) have revealed that the genus cent. This is the most complex subgenus, with 12-15 Campanula is paraphyletic. Studies by Roquet & al. recognized sections and it contains most of the species (2008) using ITS sequences, show that Campa nula of the genus. According to Sáez & Aldasoro (2003), sect. Pterophyllum together with the genera Musschia subgenera Megalocalyx and Sicyocodon are annual Dumort. and Gadellia Schulkina form a clade (Muss- herbs with flowers with calycine appendages and with chia clade) that is sister to the Campanula core. capsules opening by basal valves; the two subgenera The Campanula core consists of two subclades: one differ in the size of style: very long (exceeding 35 mm) formed by the subgenera Campanula, Megalocalyx in the subgen. Sicyocodon, and short (less than 15 mm) and Roucela, together with other genera of Campanu- in the subgen. Megalocalyx. The around 15 species of laceae; and a second subclade comprising subgenus these two subgenera are distributed in the Mediter- Rapunculus (sections Rapunculus and Alaria) and sub- ranean Basin, SW Asia and Macaronesia. The sub- genus Brachycodonia, again with some other genera of genus Roucela comprises annual plants, with flowers Campanulaceae. without calycine appendages and capsules opening The annual species of sect. Rapunculus sensu by basal valves; it consists of 5 species distributed Damboldt have two centers of diversity: the Iberian throughtout the E Mediterranean and SW Asia, with Peninsula and W Morocco, and the E Mediterranean the exception of C. erinus L. which has a wider distrib- (Greece and Turkey). The annual species of the Iber- ution. The subgenus Brachycodonia comprises only ian Peninsula (which include many species names, C. fastigiata Dufour, an annual plant with axillary in- viz. C. lusitanica L., C. broussonetiana Schult., C. trans - conspicuous flowers, without calycine appendages, tagana R. Fern., C. matritensis A. DC., C. decumbens and with capsules opening by three apical valves; A. DC., C. specularioides Coss. C. cabezudoi Cano- C. fastigiata occurs on gypsum soils in Spain, N Africa, Maqueda & Talavera and C. diekii Lange) have re- C Asia and Transcaucasia. ceived diverse treatments in recent taxonomic studies, The
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    White by the glass Red by the glass Prosecco DOC Villa Sandi “Il Fresco,” Brut, Italy 9/32 Pinot Noir Edna Valley, Central Coast, California 2014 10/36 Pinot Grigio Cortenova, Italy 2015 8/28 Italian Blend Masi, “Modello,” Rosso delle Venezie, Italy 2015 8/28 Sauvignon Blanc Sea Pearl, Marlborough, New Zealand 2016 9/32 California Blend Guarachi “Black Ink” 9/32 Chardonnay Talbott Kali Hart, Monterey, California 2015 11/40 (Syrah, Merlot, Malbec, Zinfandel), California 2014 Rhone Blend La Chasse Prestige, Côtes du Rhône, France 2015 9/32 Cabernet Sauvignon Hahn, Central Coast, California 2015 12/44 (Grenache Blanc, Bourboulenc, Clairette Blanche, Roussanne) Rhone Blend La Chasse, Prestige, Côtes du Rhône, France 2015 9/32 Moscato Corvo, Italy 2016 7/24 (Grenache, Syrah, Cinsault, Mourvedre) Rosé Moulin De Gassac , Guillhem, Hérault, France 2016 7/24 Malbec Balbo, Mendoza, Argentina 2016 9/32 White Bottles Riesling Helfrich, Alsace, France 2015 41 Brut Luc Belaire, Champagne NV 60 California Blend Vinum Cellars “White Elephant” 42 (Chenin Blanc, Viognier, Roussanne), California 2013 Brut Piper-Heidsick, Champagne, France NV 85 California Blend Orin Swift “Mannequin” 58 Brut Barone Pizzini, “Animante”, Franciacorta, Italy NV 69 (Chardonnay, Viognier, Grenache Blanc, Marsanne, Muscat, Roussane), California 2014 Sauvignon Blanc Domaine Michel Thomas & Fils, Sancerre, France 2015 42 Chardonnay Chablis 1er Cru, Burgundy, France 2015 60 Sauvignon Blanc Bosco del Merlo, Italy 2016 36 Chardonnay Albert Bichot, Pouilly-Fuissé, Burgundy, France 2015 48 Pinot Bianco Kettmeir, Südtirol-Alto Adige, Italy 2015 39 Chardonnay Talbott “Logan,” Sleepy Hollow Vineyard, 48 Santa Lucia Highlands, California 2014 Pinot Gris Four Graces, Willamette Valley, Oregon 2015 38 Chardonnay Lange Estate, Willamette Valley, Oregon 2015 54 Gewürztraminer St.
  • Campanula Page of Website

    Campanula Page of Website

    A selection from our range of campanulas: ALPINES: The majority are suitable for rock and scree gardens, containers and raised beds. Good drainage can be achieved by adding plenty of horticultural grit. Sun or part shade for most. Campanula arvatica - Hardy scree, crevice and trough plant from Spain. Violet upright bells. 10cm. Jun £3.00 Available May Campanula ‘Birch Hybrid’ AGM – long-flowering, low-growing bellflower hybrid with C. portenschlagiana AGM and C. poscharskyana parents. 20cm. June-Sept £3.00 Campanula collina – deep blue hanging bells, a very pretty bellflower for good soil, not too dry. 25cm/10”. £4.00 Campanula ‘Covadonga’ - From N. Spain. Whispy stems with deep blue harebell-like flowers. Scree. Available Spring. £3.00 Available May Campanula garganica subsp. cephallenica. From the island of Kephalonia. Evergreen cushion of pale green leaves. Grey-blue stars. For ground cover, tumbling over edges & cheering up conifer bases. Jun/Sep £3.00 Available May Campanula garganica ‘Dickson’s Gold’. Bright golden cushion with mid-blue stars Jun/Sep. £3.00 Campanula. portenschlagiana ‘Resholdt’s Variety’ An old favourite evergreen, ground covering bellflower. Luminous mauve tubular stars all summer and autumn. Loves walls and banks. Sun or shade. May/October and beyond 20cm. £3.00 Campanula poscharskyana ‘E.H. Frost’ - milky white stars with a hint of blue. From the USA. Fine in shade. Jun/Sep. £3.00 Available May Campanula poscharskyana ‘Freya’ – lilac blue stars, much chunkier than most cultivars of this spreading species. Irregularly semi double. 30cm £4.00 Available May. Campanula poscharskyana ‘Blauranke’. One of the best low-growing, long-flowering campanulas.
  • University of Copenhagen, 1353 Copenhagen, Denmark

    University of Copenhagen, 1353 Copenhagen, Denmark

    Molecular phylogeny of Edraianthus (Grassy Bells; Campanulaceae) based on non- coding plastid DNA sequences Stefanovic, Sasa; Lakusic, Dmitar; Kuzmina, Maria; Mededovic, Safer; Tan, Kit; Stevanovic, Vladimir Published in: Taxon Publication date: 2008 Document version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Citation for published version (APA): Stefanovic, S., Lakusic, D., Kuzmina, M., Mededovic, S., Tan, K., & Stevanovic, V. (2008). Molecular phylogeny of Edraianthus (Grassy Bells; Campanulaceae) based on non-coding plastid DNA sequences. Taxon, 57(2), 452-475. Download date: 02. okt.. 2021 Stefanović & al. • Phylogeny of Edraianthus TAXON 57 (2) • May 2008: 452–475 Molecular phylogeny of Edraianthus (Grassy Bells; Campanulaceae) based on non-coding plastid DNA sequences Saša Stefanović1*, Dmitar Lakušić2, Maria Kuzmina1, Safer Međedović3, Kit Tan4 & Vladimir Stevanović2 1 Department of Biology, University of Toronto at Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada. *[email protected] (author for correspondence) 2 Institute of Botany and Botanical Garden “Jevremovac”, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia 3 University of Sarajevo, Faculty of Forestry, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina 4 Institute of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 1353 Copenhagen, Denmark The Balkan Peninsula is known as an ice-age refugium and an area with high rates of speciation and diversifi- cation. Only a few genera have their centers of distribution in the Balkans and the endemic genus Edraianthus is one of its most prominent groups. As such, Edraianthus is an excellent model not only for studying specia- tion processes and genetic diversity but also for testing hypotheses regarding biogeography, identification and characterization of refugia, as well as post-glacial colonization and migration dynamics in SE Europe.