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Lichenicolous Fungi in Iğdır Province, Turkey

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Lichenicolous Fungi in Iğdır Province, Turkey Acta Botanica Brasilica 28(1): 1-7. 2014. Lichenicolous fungi in Iğdır province, Turkey Kenan Yazici1 and Javier Etayo2 Received: 5 July, 2013. Accepted: 14 August, 2013 ABSTRACT As a result of lichenological exploration in the province of Iğdır, Turkey, forty species of lichenicolous fungi belonging to eighteen genera were identified on twenty-seven different lichenized fungi. Four lichenicolous fungi—Arthonia protoparmeliopsidis, Lichenostigma radicans, L. subradians and Sclerococcum sphaerale—represent new records for Turkey. In addition, A. protoparmeliopsidis is new to Asia and Gemmaspora lecanorae was found for the second time on Aspicilia sp. Geographical distributions are also presented. Key words: Ascomycetes, lichens, new records, taxonomy Introduction districts of Tuzluca, Aralık, Karakoyunlu (Fig. 1). The province of Iğdır is in eastern Turkey, bordering Armenia, Although lichenicolous fungi of Turkey have been the Nakhchivan and Iran. The adjacent provinces are Kars to the subject of a number of recent studies (Candan & Halici northwest and Ağrı to the west and south. Iğdır occupies an 2009; Etayo & Yazici 2009; Yazici et al. 2010a, 2010b, 2010c; area of 3587 km2 and has a population of 184,418 (Fig. 1). Yazici et al. 2011a, 2011b, 2012; Halici et al. 2010, 2012; The Iğdır province, where the vegetation is comprised Halici & Aksoy 2009), knowledge of such fungi is still primarily of grassy plants, is one of several poorly forested insufficient. To date, 139 lichenicolous fungal taxa have areas of mainly steppe in Turkey. In northern and southeast- been found in Turkey (Yazici et al. 2011b). This number ern Iğdır, in the Karakoyunlu and Aralık districts, as well is small when compared with those of some better studied as to the north and east of the Tuzluca district, there are European countries (Fałtynowicz 2003; Hawksworth 2003; many treeless grassy plains. The area is sunny, windswept Hawksworth & Cole 2002; Kocourková 2000; Santesson et and open. The gently sloping terrain features streams and al. 2004; Scholz 2000). Therefore, additional studies are grassy areas, with calcareous and siliceous rocks. Some of needed in order to increase the knowledge of lichenicolous the mountains, including Ağrı, Zordağ, Tekaltı, Oyuklu and fungi in Turkey. Ziyaret, which are exposed to intense light conditions, are No lichenicolous fungi have thus far been reported for also dominated by grass, rocks (siliceous and calcareous) the Iğdır province, although 14 lichens have been recorded and streams, with scattered coniferous and deciduous trees, for the region (Aptroot & Yazici 2012; Vondrák et al. 2012; such as Elaeagnus, Populus, Prunus, Pyrus and Salix (Baytop Yazici et al. 2012; Yazici et al. 2011c). In this paper, we report & Denizci 1963). four lichenicolous fungi that represent new records for the According to Baytop & Denizci (1963), Prunus, Pyrus, Iğdır region and for Turkey. Populus, Salix, and Elaeagnus trees occur occasionally along the streams in many villages, such as Köprübaşı and Sürmeli (in the Tuzluca district); Saraçlı, Aşağı Çamurlu, Hasanhan, Material and methods Babacan and Aşağı Topraklı (in the Aralık district); and Gökçeli, Cennetabat and Bayatdoğanşalı (in the Karako- Collection sites yunlu district). Calcareous and siliceous rocks are seen in many villages in the southern parts of the Iğdır region. During lichenological field studies carried out between Very few lichen and lichenicolous fungi species were seen 28 March 2010 and 14 June 2011, specimens were collected in some villages, especially along Aras River, which forms from 41 sites within the Iğdır region (Tab. 1). Lichenicolous the border with Armenia in the north of Iğdır. fungi species were collected from an area near the capital In the villages of Bulakbaşı, Yazlık, Aktaş, İslamköy and city of Iğdır (central Iğdır province), as well as from the Adetli, located on the northern slopes of Ağrı Mountain, 1 Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Trabzon, Turkey 2 Navarro Villoslada, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain 3 Author Corrresponding: [email protected] Kenan Yazici and Javier Etayo Table 1. Collection sites in Iğdır province, Turkey. No. District: site Coordinates Altitude (m) Date 39°50’43.69”N; 1 Iğdır: alongside the main Iğdır-Doğubeyazıt road (12 km from Iğdır city) 914 28 Mar., 2010 44°04’43.70”E Iğdır: center, 10 km west of Iğdır, 16 km in from the Yukarı Çarıkçı village turnoff, on the 39°51’56.08”N; 2 1181 29 Mar., 2010 roadside, in Hoşhaber village 43°56’52.60”E 39°47’16.06”N; 3 Iğdır: Bendemurat village 2121 16 Jul., 2010 43°57’30.14”E 39°47’17.30”N; 4 Iğdır: Gülpınar village 1609 16 Jul., 2010 44°00’41.35”E 39°52’32.84”N; 5 Iğdır: South of Halfeli 1028 29 Mar., 2010 43°57’28.53”E 39°47’46.07”N; 6 Iğdır: Korhan plateau, roadside (hillside of Ağrı Mountain) 2072 28 Mar., 2010 44°14’10.72”E 39°47’36.03”N; 7 Iğdır: Örüşmüş village 1945 16 Jul., 2010 43°58’16.84”E 39°49’08.37”N; 8 Iğdır: Pınarbaşı Köyü village 1843 13 Jul., 2010 43°47’08.97”E 39°50’00.37”N; 9 Iğdır: Taşlıca village 1704 13 Jul., 2010 43°47’48.56”E 39°45’49.05”N; 10 Iğdır: Zor Mountain 2400 13 Jun., 2010 43°53’20.13”E 39°47’49.70” N; 11 Iğdır: Asma village 1868 13 Jul., 2010 43°48’35.53”E 39°41’12.81”N; 12 Aralık: Bilican village 2320 14 Jun., 2011 44°24’16.11”E 39°42’17.36”N; 13 Aralık: Gömük village 2198 14 Jun., 2011 44°24’13.63”E 39°474’4.22”N; 14 Aralık: Tarlabaşı village 1421 14 Jun., 2011 44°24’17.25”E 39°57’30.50”N; 15 Aralık: between the villages of Karakoyunlu and Melekli, 200-250 m off the main road 860 30 Mar., 2010 44°08’58.02”E 39°58’01.68”N; 16 Karakoyunlu: Taşburun village, 300 m off the main road 860 30 Mar., 2010 44°14’08.40”E 39°55’09.12”N; 17 Karakoyunlu: Aktaş village 828 14 Jun., 2011 44°16’04.34”E 39°54’38.48”N; 18 Karakoyunlu: Yazlık village 830 14 Jun., 2011 44°16’53.91”E 39°47’11.09”N; 19 Karakoyunlu: Korhan plateau (area surrounding the gendarmerie headquarters) 1904 17 Jun., 2010 44°16’06.73”E 39°45’18.86”N; 20 Karakoyunlu: Ağrı Mountain 3191 29 Jul., 2011 44°16’12.52”E 39°56’13.89”N; 21 Karakoyunlu: Bulakbaşı village 832 14 Jun., 2011 44°15’30.49”E 39°51’26.61”N; 22 Tuzluca: Taşucan village 3168 2 Jul., 2010 43°35’41.06”E 40°00’31.57”N; 23 Tuzluca: between the villages of Yukarı Civanlı and Aşağı Civanlı 1882 16 Jun., 2010 43°32’526.37”E 40°04’45.42”N; 24 Tuzluca: Aşağı Aktaş village (monument tomb and roadside) 1538 5 Jul., 2010 43°31’34.61”E 40°03’50.07”N; 25 Tuzluca: Bahçelimeydan village 1328 12 Jul., 2010 43°27’01.70”E 39°53’29.26”N; 26 Tuzluca: Güllüce village 1769 15 Jun., 2010 43°39’33.47”E 40°05’02.40”N; 27 Tuzluca: Gaziler village 1116 3 Jul., 2010 43°26’55.40”E Continues 2 Acta bot. bras. 28(1): 1-7. 2014. Lichenicolous fungi in Iğdır province, Turkey Table 1. Continuation. No. District: site Coordinates Altitude (m) Date 40°01’57.22”N; 28 Tuzluca: Tekaltı Mountain 2257 4 Jul., 2010 43°33’12.89”E Tuzluca: on the Tuzluca-Kağızman border, alongside the main road, at the Aşağı Aktaş village 40°06’27.27”N; 29 1055 31 Mar., 2010 turnoff 43°30’16.05”E 40°04’05.63”N; 43°25’35.47”E, 30 Tuzluca: along the roadside in the villages of Bahçecik and Bahçeçik 1693, 1754 12 Jul., 2010 40°04’27.27”N; 43°25’06.12”E 39°53’17.06”N; 31 Tuzluca: İnceköy village 1777 2 Jul., 2010 43°38’09.44”E 40°00’03.72”N; 32 Tuzluca: between the villages of Uğurca and Yukarı Civanlı 2056 16 Jun., 2010 43°26’25.80”E 39°59’52.55”N; 33 Tuzluca: Göktaş village, roadside 1489 16 Jun., 2010 43°33’55.78”E 40°03’53.89”N; 34 Tuzluca: 1 km from Çıraklı village, roadside 1428, 1571 3 Jul., 2010 43°29’32.98”E 39°54’51.67”N; 35 Tuzluca: between the villages of Ağaçlı and Bağlan, roadside 1727 2 Jul., 2010 43°39’07.05”E 39°52’07.40”N; 36 Tuzluca: between the villages of Taşköprü and Karacaköyü 2134 14 Jun., 2010 43°28’50.94”E 39°56’23.67” N; 37 Tuzluca: 2 km from Canderviş village, roadside 2189 16 Jun., 2010 43°30’09.63”E 39°53’49.48”N; 38 Tuzluca: Ünlendi village 1949 14 Jun., 2010 43°33’38.86”E 39°51’25.16”N; 39 Tuzluca: 3 km from Taşköprü village and 3 km from Kandilli village, roadside 2240 14 Jun., 2010 43°27’33.13”E 40°51’4.25”N; 40 Tuzluca: Kula village, roadside 1175 12 Jul., 2010 43°25’53.48”E 40°02’51.06”N; 41 Tuzluca: Ziyaret Mountain 2101 24 Jun., 2011 43°24’33.22”E Figure 1. Map of Iğdır province (Turkey), showing the sites* at which lichenicolous fungi were collected. *Numbering corresponds to Tab. 1. Acta bot. bras. 28(1): 1-7. 2014. 3 Kenan Yazici and Javier Etayo there are few deciduous or coniferous trees. In those vil- and blackish, roughly convex, round or irregular in shape, lages, especially those on the Korhan plateau, the rocks are immersed in the thallus or apothecial discs; asci 8-spored, predominantly volcanic.
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