VESSEL-WINTER's MEDIDAL Ml

THH ■ VESSEL-WINTER’S MEDIDAL Ml AN): FAMILY GUIDB.

THE Vessel-Master’s and Steamboat-Caplin’s MEDICAL MANUAL AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. BEING A SERIES OF SHORT AND PLAIN DUU5C- TIONS FOR THE TREATMENT OF DISEASfH, AND THE ADMINISTRATION OF MEDF* LINES ON BOARD VESSELS WHICH CARRY NO SURGEONS.

ALSO FOR TIIE USE OF THE FAMILY AT HOME.

THE WHOLE STRIPPED OK PROFESSIONAL TERMS, AN D ADAPTED TO THE COMPREHENSION OF EVERY INTELLIGENT VESSEL-MASTER, AND ALL WHO ARE FAMILIAR WITH THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE.

Captain, would you have a good and faithful drew * Feed them well, treat them well, work them well, pay them well, and carefor them when they are sick. Show your interest in their comfort and welfare, and they will show their interest in your success.

By FRANCIS C. MELVILLE, M.D., PRACTITIONER OK MEDICINE AND SIKGEKY FOR 10KTY-8IX YEA ICS.

PHILADELP Iv™ i Printed for the j^uMxsifBR.

i883 . Copyright, by F. C. Mei/vii/le, 1883. INTRODUCTION.

will not for one moment be supposed that IT all the diseases to which humanity is heir can be described, or even touched upon, in a volume of this size and character. Only such complaints as are well marked and clearly defined, and the symptoms or signs of which present themselves most unmistakably to the senses, are here treated upon. Every sailor in our merchant marine is taxed, and is expected to pay tribute to the support of the Marine Hospital system. And it is both his privilege and his duty, when overtaken by any complicated form of disease, to apply for and avail himself of the benefits of the hospital. And all honest and intelligent vessel-masters, when they find a case which baffles their skill, and for which no provision is made in these pages, will promptly recommend the sailor to the authorities of the Marine Hospital of the port next entered. For the family this little book be found , will a treasure of inestimable value. It is by no means intended to supersede the physician but to act as his pioneer and aid. How often do you hear him complain, “Oh! if you had only known the symptoms, and called me at an earlier period; but now it is too late!u This book is intended to teach you , mother, the symptoms of the diseases of childhood, and to enable 3 4 INTRODUCTION. you to apply remedies which are at hand before that “ too late ” period arrives. A mother said to me to-day, after listening to the chapter on '■'■croup' 1 '' in this book, “Oh! if I had only known that, my precious darling would have been living to-day. But he died while his father was gone for the' doctor.” If the signs mentioned in this book as indi- cating a certain disease are wanting, and you are uncertain how to proceed, call the doctor at once, without a moment’s delay. If measles, scarlatina, variola, or any of the diseases of childhood, are prevalent in your neighborhood, and your child is uneasy and complaining, search at once for the signs of the disease, and administer the remedy without delay. In this manner many little lives may be saved, and much suffering and pain avoided. PREFACE.

little book, the result of many a day of THIStoil, has been prepared to meet a want long known to exist in the area to which it is devoted, the vessel-cabin and the family circle. It has been prepared in compliance with the requests of hundreds of vessel-masters in almost every port in the United States; and the writer, after a vain attempt to engage more eminent talent in the undertaking, has, with, fear and trembling, launched forth upon the troubled waters himself. The book is now given to the shipping interest of the country, and its happy family circles, for just what it is worth. If it has any value. the writer feels perfectly assured that the ladies and gentlemen for whose benefit it has been prepared have sufficient intelligence to discover it, and sufficient candor to acknowl- edge it; if it has not, the sooner it dies and is buried beyond resurrection, and is forgotten. the better. F. G. MELVILLE.

5 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS.

Author takes great pleasure in ac- THEknowledging the valuable aid he has received, in the preparation of the followingpages, from the works of Ashhurst, Aitkin, Bartholow, Biaithwaite, Bristowe, Carpenter, Cazeau, Ohristison, Clark, Cohen, Delafield, Dewees, Duuglison, Benj. Ellis, Geo. V. Ellis, Flint, Griesinger, Gross, Gunn, Griffith, Hamilton, Janeway, Jacobi, Morris Longstreth, Maxson, Miller, Neumann, Sargent, Stein, Tait, J. Thomas, II. C. Wood, AVood, Remington and Sadtler and others ; and the Medical and Surgi- cal Journals of the day. F. C. MELVILLE, No. 1620 Richmond St., Philadelphia.

CAUTION. rpHE public is hereby notified that the pecu- ,J_ liar arrangement of this book, the ■symptoms of the disease on one column, and the remedies on the other, of the same page, bringing both under the eye of the reader at the same time, is a part of the copyright; and is under the protection of the law in such cases made and provided. F. C. M. 6 THE AND STEAMBOAT-CAPTAIN’S MEDICAL MANUAL, AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE.

necessity of a carefully selected and THEwell filled medicine-chest on board every vessel leaving an American seaport lias long since been recognized by all who are interested in the welfare and success of our Merchant Marine. As men everywhere are liable to sudden attacks of disease, in its various forms, as often on the sea as on the land, it becomes absolutely indispensable that some one present should be able to form a tolerably clear conception of the character of the attack, and of the means requisite to successfully combat it. This little book is intended to furnish this in- formation, and to enable the master to form, from the symptoms present, a pretty accurate idea of the disease, and to select from his medicine-chest the proper remedy to effect a prompt and thorough cure. flvery well regulated medicine-chest should be supplied with a pair of small accurate scales—- which must be kept scrupulously clean—and a set of weights running from one-half grain to two ounces; a one ounce graduating glass, a minim glass for measuring drops, and three or four spatulas of different sizes. 7 8 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL Thus equipped, the captain is capable of being his own druggist, as he is, after mastering the contents of the following pages, of being his own physician.

THE ADULTERATION OF FOOD. There is no country on the face of the earth, where more stringent laws against the adulteration of foo l, exist than ours; and there is none where the laws are so completely a “dead letter.” Every article which we eat, that is capable of adulteration, is adulterated. Flour, sugar, tea, coffee, spices, bread, cake, confectionery, ice cream, milk, butter, cheese, in fact almost everything, is subject to adulteration, by men in their greedy haste to accumulate riches. The laborer, who on Saturday night goes to the grocery, and purchases his twenty-five pound bag of flour, for a dollar'actually gets eighteen or nineteen pounds of flour, and six or seven pounds of gypsum, ground plaster, or pulverized stone. lie takes it home, and his poor over- worked wife attempts to make eatable and digestible bread of it. Of course the attempt ends in a, failure. She knows something is the matter with the flour, but what she cannot tell. And a chemical analysis is a luxury far beyond her reach. In every city there should be a public chemist, paid by the city, whose business should be to analyze any article of food on which suspicion rests, whenever called upon by a magistrate to do so. And the penalty for adulteration should be both sure and swift. The following is a simple, but certain method of detecting adulteration in flour. Take a glass tube six inches long by one-half inch diameter. AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 9 fill it half full of the suspected flour, and put in a teaspoonful of chloroform, and shake it up well for a few moments ; then set it away to settle. The flour will rise to the top with the chloroform, and the adulterant will fall to the- bottom and remain.

WHAT DO YOU TAKE MEDICINE FOR ? How many people are there in this country, even among those who consider themselves “educated,” who can give a lucid and intelligent answer to this question ? To most persons, the young especially, the doctrines of regularity of habit, sanitary discipline, and a careful in- spection of natural and artificial surroundings, are a sealed book. To this class of people medicine is not an erudite science or a learned art, but it is little more than the commonplace administration of physic. They cannot understand medicine without drugs, and its virtue and power are popularly measured by the violence of its operations. Its very name is in ordinary parlance synonymous with physic. Take from it its pills and potions, and for them you take away its whole art and mystery. They do not believe in a scheme of treatment, however deep-laid add skillful, which does not include a certain statu- tory dosage. So that, as a rule, medical men are practically compelled to give their patients a visible object of faith in some form of physic, which may be at most designed to effect some very subordinate purpose. And it is remarka- ble how strongly even among the educated classes this feeling prevails. Cure by the administra- 10 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL tion of mixtures and boluses is so fixed and ancient a tradition that it is only very slowly that the world will give it up. The anxiety of the friends of the patient wants to do more than follow the simple directions of “nursing,” which have been so carefully inculcated, and possess apparently so little remedial power. There is nothing of the unknown about them in which a fluttering hope of great advantage can nestle. Thus it is necessary to educate the world into a belief in medicine apart from drugs, which finds its power of curing in adaptations of the common conditions of life and applications of phy- siological facts—a medicine which takes into its hands the whole life, and orders and fashions its every detail with scientific definiteness. It is found in every-day practice that this popular misunderstanding of the modern spirit of medicine constantly checks the little tentative advances of a more scientific treatment, and it is necessary that it should be generally understood how powerfully the various processes of the economy may be affected by the manipula- tion of the conditions of common life. THE NEW THEORY OF DISEASE. The old and popular doctrine, conceived and cradled in medical ignorance, that “ all disease has its oi'igin in impurity of the blood,” is about to be relegated to the shades of oblivion. The theory that all, or nearly all diseases are due to germs, is fast dislodging in the minds of specu- lative physicians the more ancient idea, and establishing the premise that all disease is nothing more nor less than a struggle for existence between the animal organism, in part or as a whole AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 11 on the one side, and an invading army of parasites striving for its destruction on the other. Close and long continued observation has elicited the probability that the diseases so often attributed to external violence, improper food, careless treatment, poisons and atmospheric and miasmic influences are produced far less frequently by these causes, than by the attacks on the system by the swarms of parasites. The majority of these parasites are accredited to the vegetable kingdom, and but very few are known to be of animal organism. These vegetable parasites belong to the order known as “bacteria,” and are the lowest form of fungi. They are divided into three classes, the rod-shaped, which are called bacilla; the glanular, called micrococci; and the screw-shaped, known as spirilla. They are all around us; the air we breathe, the water we drink, the perfumes we inhale, are teeming with these invisible forms of minute life, and are momentarily finding a lodgment in some part of the delicate organism of the human system. They are deposited on every object exposed to atmospheric influences; and although not readily recognized even by the use of the microscope in a dry state, the fact of by their existence soon proclaims itself “ their tremendous power of multiplication. In a congenial soil each individual bacterium increases and divides into two young bacteriums within the space of one hour ! And the entire progeny continue the prolific work of their ances- tors. At this rate a single germ, if not deprived of ample means of living, will produce an astonishing number within twenty-four hours. Dur- ing their growth they live exclusively on fluid 12 VESSEL-MASTEK’S MEDICAL MANUAL substances ; and the decomposition of all organic substances is due to their presence. Without them there could be no putrefaction. Let it be distinctly understood, however, that the bacteria of putrefaction are not necessarily identical with the bacteria of disease. Each disease has its especial parasite, and cannot be produced by any other species. Hence it is that decaying matter may or may not contain disease producing germs, most of which appear to require a special soil for its growth. The parasite which will flourish and multiply on a diet of dead blood will die at once on being introduced into living- blood. Still these agents of corruption may cause endless trouble, and grave consequence when introduced in live blood in any quantity. Experiments made under the most favorable circumstances demonstrate that many of the diseases of man are clearly traceable to bacterial origin. Among these may be mentioned, “Malignant pestule,” the parasite in which disorder consists of minute rods, which repeat their germination under favorable circumstances. Consumption has lately been added to the list of unquestionably bacterial origin. Here, also, the rod-shaped bacillus has been found to be the inseparable companion of the disease; and which none of the animals experi- mented upon could withstand. Relapsing Fever is another disease definitely proved to owe its origin directly to the presence of bacteria. Abscesses also depend upon the same source. The entire class of Contagious diseases is reasonably suspected to be caused by bacteria, though positive proof of the fact may yet be AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 13 lacking. Many diseases not considered contagious, sucli as Bright’s disease, Pneumonia, Mye- litis, and others have long ago been found to he associated with parasites; why they are, and what part the parasite plays, is yet uncertain. There is little or no doubt that disease-producing germs enter the body by way of the lungs ; and the reason why all who are alike exposed are not alike affected may be found in the amount of resistance which each individual opposes to the attack of the invader. But why a person who has once had a contagious disease is not likely to be similarly afflicted a second time is still shrouded in mystery. If the cells have proved unable to withstand the parasiti- cal ravages once, why should they resist a second attack ? Such, however, is the general although not the universal fact. The most patient and faithful experiments prove that each kind of disease-producing germ may be cultivated in an enfeebled form, and be transformed into vaccine virus ; and we may therefore look forward to the time when it will be possible to vaccinate against all diseases in which one attack guarantees immunity against another. The most direct and immediate out- come of the germ theory is the ability which it will give us to act more intelligently in limit ing the progress of contagious diseases. Know- ing the nature of the poison emanating, and being familiar with the modes of its distribution through nature, we shall be able to prevent it from spreading to others, and thus spare them a personal struggle with the myriad hosts of the parasite. This is the sum and substance of the new 14 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL theory, as enunciated by M. Pasteur, and as taught by his followers in Europe and America. I need not refer to the difficulties which surround it, nor will I ask wherein it is superior to tlie present theory and practice in use among all intelligent physicians. We will only say, Gentlemen, go on ; prove that every disease is caused by a particular parasite : bring these parasites fully within our reach; and then instruct us how to destroy them, without also de- stroying the human system on which they feed. ELECTRICITY: GALVANIC OR VOLTAIC BELTS. The action of electricity in the treatment of diseases, or as a therapeutic agent, is to a very great extent, at present, an unknown quantity. The term is derived from the Greek word “Amber,” the substance in which it was first noticed. It is used in medicine as an excitant. It has been occasionally employed with some success in cases of partial or complete paralysis, rheumatism, accidental deafness, amenorrlicea, and other diseases of a like nature. It is, however, at best, uncertain, and is not much used except in experimenting, and the cases are by no means clear in which it could be of any possible service. It may be communicated in various wrays, according to the wishes of the operator, but its action can never be depended upon with any degree of certainty ; and very few of the regular physicians in this country count it in the armory of their weapons of warfare with the hosts of diseases which they are called upon to battle. It is a somewhat singular but unfortunate fact, that nearly all of the AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 15 many electrical appliances for the alleged cure of disease, with which the country is Hooded, are coached and championed by a set of the most ignorant and unblushingly shameless quacks and charlatans that the sun ever shone upon. Men whose ignorance and effrontery would everlast- ingly disgrace the profession of a Mexican mule driver, and who, even in childhood, never possessed the faintest glimmerings of common sense, will boldly step out before the public, and proclaim cures by their electric belts and other appliances, that would bring a blush to the face of the angel who troubled the water of the pool of Bethesda, and lead him to the belief that he was a tyro in the healing art. There are hordes of these harpies in almost every city in the Union, who have become rich by their impositions upon the credulity of the suffering, and who have never given one particle of benefit for the many thousands of dollars which they have fleeced from the unwary and confiding. Some two years since a friend of the writer having suffered for months with troubles which the Voltaic Belt was warranted to cure, he was induced to send to Marshall, Mich., and procure a belt. At the same time the writer, desiring to be able to judge something of the character of the alleged inventor of the belt, wrote him a letter, describing a bona-fide case, and asking his advice, in relation to the use of the “Voltaic Belt.” The following is the answer to the letter, verbatim et literatim. We preserve it as a lit- erary curiosity:

Dear Sir : Your faver of the 3d containing the letter of the Gent from Camden N. J. I have earfully look it over to see if it would be advisable to try to do 16 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL anything for him he undoubtedly has a severe trubble with the spinal cord whare he complains of the severe pain and it is hard to tell wether that is the lo- cality of the lesion that would result so seriously to Paralise the bladder as that organ issuplyed with nervs from the spinal colm as well as a branch from the newmogastric nerve and if the latter should be the seat of trubble it would require the application to be made down low on the abdomen I would say to him in all Cander that paralasis is the disease that electricity will most certainly reach and in his case I would sug- gest a Band a Spinal application also one something after the form of the chest protect only worn down low over the region of the bladder and he had best take ten or twelve drops of the Fluid Ext Nux Vomica threetimes after each meal and the Two togather will i think Cure the worst case itis true the age of the pataent is against him least the Gentleman should think that the advise be tinctd with Quackery let him consult some other physician in regard to the advice i am not so well post on the exact lolacton of diseasiss of the nervus sistem so as to tell the affect on certain localities and my authors differ very much regarding it and our Profes- sors are but Students as yet in regard to the nervs and the piculiarity They hav on Certin diseasis.” “ Very Trooly Yours.” “A. M. Dye.” Every thoroughbred chemist knows full well that all fluid extracts represent theirfull weight of the drug in its natural state: Thus, ten or twelve drops of the Fluid Ext. of Nux Vomica represent the same number of grains of the drug, “Stryclmos Nux Vomica.” And every intelligent physician knows full well that one- half of the dose recommended by this vandal in his letter, would kill the strongest man that ever inhabited this earth. It is an easy matter to overlook the terrible AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 17 manner in which this barbarian lias murdered and mangled the English language, for he may never have enjoyed any means of intellectual improvement : We may also pass unrebuked, his impositions on the public of an article so utterly worthless, as his “Voltaic Belt,” as no one can be imposed upon in a matter of this kind, without his own consent. But when an ignoramus, without brains or conscience, with neither the fear of God nor man before his eyes, comes before the public, and assuming the title of “Doctor,” prescribes a dose of the most active and virulent poison to an aged invalid, which would be sufficient to kill a horse, the sooner the country is informed of his murder- ous practices the better, that he may be avoided as he deserves. Let every person who thinks he needs an Electric, Galvanic, or Voltaic Belt, or other electric apparatus, consult his family physician. In a wr ord electricity like any other medical agent should only be applied, under the direction of a competent physician. ABSCESS OF THE REMEDIES. PHARYNX. As soon as there is The pharynx serves sufficient reason to be- as a common organ for lieve that an abscess is the digestive and re- forming, measures spiratory passages. It must be promptly taken gives passage to the air to evacuate the pus. in breathing; and to For this purpose, an the food in swallowing. opening may be made A mass of pus collects in the abscess which can in the tissues back of be readily observed by the pharyngeal wall and an examination of the 18 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL forms an abscess. back of the throat Signs. — Restlessness; through the mouth. fever; chills; sleepless- Remove all you can, ness; and frequently and watch it carefully ; in infants, convulsions; gargle the throat with difficulty in swallowing; creosote two drops, short breath; swelling glycerine two drams, of the neck ; trembling and water half pint under the jaw; pain every hour or two. Or upon any sudden mo- take carbolic acid two tion of the head; and grains, tinct. arnica after the abscess breaks, four drams; dilute as it sometimes does, camphor water eight and discharges into the ounces, mix, and shake throat, a constant de- well together, and use sire to eject the pus as a gargle every two from the throat, by hours. Take dextro- what is termed quinine one dram, hy- “hawking-.” Death drobromic (sol.) acid sometimes follows from half fluid dram, syrup choking; or from the of ginger half fluid supply of air being cut ounce, and three quar- off from the lungs; or ters of an ounce of from “ Suspended water, give a dessert- Animation,” pro- spoonful four times a duced by the non-con- day. Give a good nour- version of the venous ish in g diet, with blood of the lungs into biandy; whiskey; milk arterial blood. As- punch ; champagne ; phyxia. Blood pois- and general stimulants. oning may be feared. Keep the patient’s room well ventilated, and an even temperature. Any of Dr. Melville’s Remedies will be sent to vessels when ordered by mail, C. O. D. AM> FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 19 ADDISON’S DIS- REMEDIES. EASE ; These, if we hope for “ ” Or brown skin ; success, must be early, caused by a decaying prompt, and energetic ; of the red corpuscles of active, vigorous exer- the blood; privation of cise in the open air; blood; opposite condi- change of scene and tion of plethora. climate, to a higher Signs. — The patient level, and a more rare- finds himself gradually tied atmosphere ; tepid growing weak and de- or warm baths at first, bilitated without any gradually changing to sufficient reason; the cold, daily; perfect reg- heart’s action becomes ularity of habits ; early weak ; faintness ; pal- rising and early retir- pitation of the heart; ing ; cheerful company disturbance of the and amusing books ; stomach ; vomiting ; no tobacco; no ex- alternate constipation citement. Give a full a n d diarrhoea ; pro- and generous diet; longed spells of loss of “ Warner’s Syrup of the sensation and power of Phosphates,” dessert- motion ; then a gradual spoonful three times a browning of the skin of day; sesqui-chloride of face, neck and hands, iron fifteen drops two is observed; then in the or three times a day; groins, about the navel, or ten grains of dextro- and sexual organs; quinine with one twen- the color varies from a tieth of a grain of faint yellow to a very strychnia two times dark brown ; although a day. Avoid fatigue ; the patient loses his rest; in cases where appetite there is rarely change of climate is a visible loss of flesh; impracticable, daily use the mind sometimes be- of the galvanic battery, comes cloudy, and from fifteen to twenty 20 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL sometimes remains per- minutes at a time, twice fectly lucid to the last; a day, is recommended. deatli ensues from gen- Treat each condition as eral debility, commenc- it develops itself. ing in extreme drowsiness. ANEURISM. REMEDIES. By the term aneur- Place the patient in a ism is generally under- slightly darkened room stood a tumor caused with a moistened at- by the enlargement of mosphere of 60°F.; give an artery. But it has him perfect rest both been extended to va- physical and mental; rious lesions of arteries, keep him in a recum- as well as to the dilata- bent position as much tions of the heart. aspossible; avoid every- Signs— Will depend thing which increases materially upon the lo- the action of the heart; cation of the tumor: if give a full nutritious that be situated on the diet; juicy roast and chief artery (aorta), broiled steaks and chops very marked physical of beef and mutton; signs may be absent. drink as little as possi- But when located ble of anything. Apply where it most frequent- belladonna plasters over ly occurs it usually pro- the seat of the pain ; or duce s characteristic ice-bags may be placed indications. W e a k - there, and, continued ness; shortness o f for some length of time, breath ; disturbance of may neutralize the vision ; vomiting very pain; give iodide of difficult of control; hic- potassium ten grains to cough ; obstinate twenty twice a day; or 'cough; pulse irregular hypophosphite, dessert- and snappy; often in- spoonful three times a AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE creasing to 110 per min- day. Some physicians ute, and decreasing to restrict the diet to a 40; tongue of a dry, small quantity of bread parched brown color; and milk, and a modi- partial loss of voice; cum of port wine. I extreme fluctuation of have found a full gene- the heart, and louder rous diet much more and more audible beat- beneficial. Do not give ing of that organ; gan- hypodermic injections, grene ; death. nor morphia in any form. angina pec- REMEDIES toris. Must be applied with “ Breast Pang-; ” the utmost promptness, “Neuralgia of the or they will be too late. Heart.” As soon as the attack This disease is gener- makes its appearance, ally inherited, though promptly use such sometimes it is due to stimulants as may be at mental excitement; hand ; brandy ; whis- overtaxing of the pow- key; ethereal tinctures ei's; draughts of cold of various kinds; digi- air; hysteria; acute talis, one drop in an mania. Signs.—Sud- ounce of water, divide den pain in the region into four parts and of the left breast and give one every five arm ; sense of suffoca- minutes; give “Fow- tion ; extreme pallor; ler’s Solution of Arse cold sweat; sense of nic,” commence with binding about the three or four drops as a heart ; the pulse is dose and increase to ten, small, fluttering and three times a day. irregular, sometimes Give iron and strych- nearly ceasing entirely; nia: five grainsdyalized tongue swollen, fur- iron and one-twentieth. 22 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL rowed, and of a dirty grain of strychnia three gray color; the heart’s timesa day for a month. action is weak and Use no tobacco, and vacillating. Death. avoid excitement. REMEDY. ALCOHOLISM. (Delirium Trem- First, evacuate the ens.)—Many seamen bowels with a full close while on shore indulge of Melville’s Magic in prolonged sprees of Liver Powder. Then drinking and carous- produce sleep by the ing, and then “ship to use of bromide of po- sober up.” Conse- tassium, in 25 grain quently, before they doses four times a day, lose sight of land, de- dissolved in a gill of lirium tremens ap- water; or laudanum in pears. And Jack must 15 drop doses every be treated for it. The three hours until sixty signs are: Restlessness, drops are taken. Pro- twitching of the mus- duce sleep. Tincture cles ; dizziness; sudden capsicum (mild) in ten Hashes before the eyes; or fifteen drop doses in till sorts of strange and a wineglass full of disorderedimaginings; water. Tincture fox- tongue dry and coated, glove, twenty drops in at times, and frothing wineglass of water, at others; pulse hard, every two hours until quick and irregular; sleep. varying from 100 to 140 per minute; face flushed and head hot.

All the “ Melville Remedies ” can be obtained at the office of F. 0. Melville, Physician and Surgeon, No. 1020 Richmond street, Philadelphia, (take red car on Second and Thirdstreets line,) and ships’ medicine-chests will be filled with fresh medicines at short notice. AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 23 ASTHMA. REMEDY.

Signs. — Spasms of Give mixture of the muscles of the tincture lobelia and throat; short and hard goose oil in teaspoonful breathing; “cog-wheel” doses every twenty or jerking inhalations; minutes until vomiting wildness of the eyes; is produced. Inject pulse from 75 to 100 per under the skin in back minute; tongue gener- of the neck grain ally coated with whitish sulphate of atropia. fuzz; choking and Drink but little at meal wheezing. times. Diet light. Note. —One of the finestremedies known for Asthma, perhaps the very best, is the ethereal tincture of lobelia. It can be found, or prepared at any drug store ; and is a very prompt and efficient remedy. I have succeeded with it when all other remedies have failed; and in fifteen minutes have restored cases which were thought to be fatal. Dose: Teaspoonful every fifteen minutes until vomiting is produced. BARBER’S ITCH. REMEDY. (Tetter.) (Salt For simple “barber’s itcli,” wash the head Rheum.) and face well with There are several warm water, into varieties of this disease, which put one dram of some of which are ex- pulverized borax. Then ceedingly troublesome apply the following to subdue. The dry, salve: Unsalted butter scaly variety, which four ounces; red oxide we sometimes contract of mercury (red pre- in the barber’s shop, cipitate) three drams; and which exhibits it- Venice turpentine, one self in intense itching, ounce. Mix well, and stinging, and burning apply once aday. (War- 24 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL on the scalp, and among ranted to cure any tet- the whiskers and beard, ter in the world.) For if taken in time is salt rheum: Open the easily managed. The bowels, purify the blood pustulous, which ap- with tincts. of yellow pears in pustules and dock root, yellow paril- spreads over the person la, and syrup of sassa- in the form of sores, is fras,of each two ounces, more serious, and the iodide of potassium miliary appears on the one and one-half dram, breast and about the shake well together and groins and scrotum. take dessertspoonful Corroding tetter, or four to six times a day. salt rheum, is that Frequent bathings as watery species with soon as the skin can which children are bear it. sometimes affected. BITES. REMEDY. See Snake Bites and Attention to ventila- Insect Bites, p. 112. tion ; cool drinks; ice to the head: cold hath, BILIOUS FEVER and give full teaspoon of Melville’s Liver (Remittent.) Powder. After full S i g- ii s. — Nausea ; operation, check vom- sickness at the stomach; iting with ice, creosote vomiting; headache ; two drops in water; dizziness; pains in all give ten grains quinine parts of the body ; gen- every two hours ; give eral languor ; chills; a nourishing diet and All the “Melville Remediesies ” can be obtained at the office of F. C. Melville, Physiysician and Surgeon, No. 1620 Richmond street, Philadelphia, (take red car on Second and Third streets line,) and ships’ medicine tdiests filled with fresh medicines at short notice. AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 25 hot stage ; skin dry and plenty of stimulants, as burning ; face flushed; milk-punch, port wine, intense pain in the cool lemonade with a back, loins and limbs ; little whiskey in it, etc. constant vomiting of stringy mucus, of a green tinge; tongue coated with coffee-colored fuzz; pulse from 75 to 140 per minute; lips parched; terrible and constant thirst,etc. BILIOUSNESS. REMEDY. Signs.—Yellow ap- Give full dose of Mel- pearance of the skin, ville’s Magic Liver and whites of the eyes ; Powder, and repeat in pains in the back and three or four days. This loins; dizziness, par-; in nine out of ten cases ticularly when stooping will produce a perma- over; tongue coffee- nent cure. Stop drink- colored ; pulse increasing coffee and take a ing and irregular; urine few doses before retir highly colored with ing for the night of bile ; jaundice appear- Warner’s Podophyllin ance; and sometimes Pills ; two is a dose. pain in one or both shoulders. Biles or Boils See REMEDY. “ Sores,” p. 114. Kernove the cause if possible; raise the head BRAIN TROU- and put ice to the tem- BLES. ples ; hot mustard foot

Signs .—Pain in bath, and open the head; sense of fullness; bowels with full dose 26 VESSEL-MASTER'S MEDICAL MANUAL heat or heaviness; of Melville’s Liver swimming in the head ; Powder; give a light redness in face ; loss of vegetable diet; bro- memory; drowsiness by mide of potassium in day and wakefulness 25 grain doses in gill at night; deafness; of water twice each twitching of the mus- day. In severe cases, cles; unsteady gait; all absolute quiet; in of which are increased others gentle exercise after a full meal, and in open air and very when lying down ; dis- light suppers. turbed sleep and terri- fying dreams. Bowel Complaint— See Diarriicea and Dysentery. BRIGHT’S DIS- REMEDIES. EASE (Renal abscess). Put six wet cups over the kidneys, and give Sig'ns.—(A whole ten drops of tincture volume could easily be of foxglove in a glass written upon this sub- of warm water every ject, but only sufficient two hours; hot bath will be said to enable three or four nights in the reader to detect the succession; diet of milk; disease.) A dull heavy keep warm and stay pain in the regions of under shelter until the kidneys and loins; severe symptoms are difficulty of passing past. water; brick dust or N. B.~—I will furnish slimy sediment after a remedy for this dis- the water has stood ease if applied to while a while; color of the in its first stages, which urine dark, reddish, or I will warrant in every AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 27 brown, and a great instance to produce a deal less of it than in prompt and sure cure. health; a soft flabby It is not unpleasant to swelling of the face and the taste, and harmon- feet is generally noticed izes generally with early in the disease; most stomachs. A loss of appetite; sick- package which will last ness at the stomach; thirty days will be sent vomiting; headache to any address for $5.00 and generaldisturbance with full directions. of the mind ; tongue coated ; and pulse variable and unsteady. BRONCHITIS. REMEDIES. Inflammation of the Always evacuate the bowels a Glands of the with full dose Throat. of Melville’s Magic Liver Powder. After Signs. — Chilliness ; operation, give ten pain in the back and in grains of Dover’s Pow- the feet and legs ; head- der at night; warm ache; sore throat; slight drink; or give fifteen hoarseness; tightness grains of quinine in in the chest ; short dry glass warm peppermint cough; sometimes water. For children give streaked with blood; syrup of lobelia and some fever; short goose oil in teaspoonful breath, and occasional doses until vomiting is night sweats. The produced. Nutritious tongue is coated with diet, with some good brown matter and some- tonic, as “'Melville’s times with gray; pulse Elixir of Life.” Tea- alternating from 45 to spoonful half hour be- 100 beats per minute. fore each meal. The When the disease has chronic form requires 28 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL existed for some time i careful protection from (become chronic) the i the weather; nutritious discharges are often j diet; no stimulation; deep green in color, | counter irritation and and very offensive to 1 hot baths. the smell.

BUBO. REMEDY. There are several This is one of the kinds of Bubo. With worst and most difficult the sympathetic Bubo, diseases to handle that we will not meddle in ever comes under the this article; but will observation of the phy- coniine our attention sician, and the most solely to the syph- prompt and energetic ilitic species; that means must be used. which arises from syph- Paint with Iodine ilitic or gonorrhoeal dis- d o n 1) 1 e strength ; ease. and a brisk cathartic, Signs.—Swelling in “ Melville’sLiver Pow- the groin; sometimes der ” if at hand; if not, on one side only, some- some good cathartic times on both. Stiff- pills, Repeat the iodine ness of the legs when and cathartic until walking; the swelling swelling subsides; then hard, and exhibiting give iodide of potas- the appearance of an sium in ten grain doses approaching boil;great (in £ gill of water) inflammation and in- twice a day. Should creasing so reness; pu lse this fail, poultice with quick and irregular, flaxseed and slippery and tongue coated. elm bark, draw to a After a day or two, head, lance on the un- continual throbbing is der side and inject noticed in the parts. sulph. zinc two grains in i pint of water. AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 29 BURNS AND REMEDIES. SCALDS. The cook or steward These may be con- of every vessel has al- tracted in an almost ways at hand a supply endless variety of ways; of bi-carbonate of and may be more or soda or common baking less severe according to soda; sprinkle this circumstances. But plentifully over the sur- they must never he face of tiie burned or neglected; prompt scalded skin, and wrap and effectual remedies in a damp towel or must at once be applied, other cloth, to protect and thereby a world of it from the air. Use pain, suffering, and “Melville’s Burn and perhaps loss of valua- Scald Remedy,” with ble time may be which every medicine- avoided. If the* skin chest should be sup- is not broken, always plied. In the absence try to avoid that result, of these, use flour and as an exposure to the sweet oil, and wrap the atmosphere always in- burned part in raw creases the pain in a cotton. tenfold ratio. CALCULI. REMEDY. (Stone in the Blad- First, give a smart der. ) purge and follow up The pain caused by with warm baths, hot the passage of a stone as may be borne, or along the water pas- hot poultices to the sage will be more or loins. Give an injec less severe according to tion by the anus of its size. A colicky thirty drops of lauda pain usually follows; num in half pint of then comes severe pain tepid water. Fluid ex in the loins, thighs, and tract of hydrangea, VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL testicles, and into the thirty drops in gill of bladder. The urine is water every three scanty, sometimes hours. Let the diet be streaked with blood, of skimmed milk, stale and sometimes stops bread and no stimu- altogether. Then fol- lants. No acids, as lows thirst, sickness at vinegar, pickles, stomach; vomiting; etc. No fat meats, faintness; alternate cheese, or other in- chills and sweats. The digestibles. urine when cold and “ settled ” shows a sediment very much like “brick-dust.” In one word, this is the first stage of “ Bright’s disease ” spoken of before.

CATARRH REMEDY. (Of the Head.) This disease is easily There are many kinds subdued if taken in of Catarrh. We shall time. On its first ap- speak only of that of pearance give twenty the head. grains of quinine in Sign s. W hen stiff glass of hot gin acute: tired feeling; toddy; follow with chilliness ; loss of ap- hot bath, hot as can be petite ; disposition to borne on going to bed. sneeze ; discharge from If this does not break nose; singing in ears; it up, then give hot eyes watering; and pos- teas in large quanti- sibly sore throat; later, ties; tincture aconite discharge from nose in quarter drop doses fetid and stinks ; offen- every hour for four sive breath; person can hours; and ten or fif- AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. smell himself; finally, teen grains of Dover’s total destruction of the Powder at bedtime. lining membrane of the Give a good nutritious nose; complete change diet, and no stimulants of voice—and perhaps whatever. Avoid ex> pulmonary consump- posure, and keep warm. tion.

CHICKEN POX. REMEDY. (Varicella.) Remain alone for a

Signs . —Headache few days. Open the and slight cough ; after bowels with some brisk which in twenty-four cathartic, say Melville’s or thirty-six hours ap- Liver Powder, or the pears a few bright red ordinary cathartic pills* blotches or spots, about If there is much fever, the size of a small five give drinks of fresl* cent piece; they vary lemonade or citric acid, in size and are irregular ten grains in four in shape; after twenty- ounces of water, as four hours they grow often as the patient darker and form irreg- craves it. Above all ular circles; they ap- things, do not allow the pear generally upon the patient to scratch him- neck and shoulders, self, as scars may be seldom upon the face. I made which willrequire After the fifth day a | years to outgrow. (live scab forms, which is a light nutritious diet, soft and crumbly; there while the disease is in are no pits or marks progress,and some good remaining after the tonic during recovery. disease is past, and “Melville’s Elixir of many think it is not Life,” or “ Huxham’s contagious. Few ever Tincture of Bark.” have it more than once. 32 VESSEL-MASTEE’S MEDICAL MANUAL CHILLS AND FE- REMEDY. VER. In the chill stage, put (Rigours.) the patient in bed, and Fever and Ague, Ma keep him well covered larial Fever; Malarial with blankets; give Poisoning. hot drinks and ten Signs.—Chill stage: grains of Dover Pow headache;languor; loss der at night and a cup of warm If vom of appetite ; cold sensa- tea. tion in limbs and creep- iting, give an emetic of ing along the back; three grains of snlph. chattering of teeth; zinc in half pint warm shivering of frame; water. Give ten grains fingers and lips blue; of quinine and one- features pale and third of a grain of mor- pinched; tongue clean, phia every twelve hours pale, moist and cool; in a gill of water. Fol- severe thirst; pulse ir- low up the quinia regular and much in- treatment for several creased. Fever stage: days after the acute skin becomes hot and symptoms cease. furnish dry ; face flushed; eyes N. B.—I will sparkling; intense a remedy which will thirst; the pulse now be warranted to break becomes strong and up and utterly destroy full, and the tongue the chills and fever for five all white ; throbbing tem- dollars. In ple and sometimes de- cases, leave the ma- lirium. Sweat breaks larial district as out; first on the fore- soon as possible. head, then on the body; patient falls asleep and dreams he is well. But he is not. Any of Dr. Melville’s Remedies will be sent to vessels when ordered by mail, C. 0. D, AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 33 CHOLERA, REMEDY. When in an infected (Asiatic.) port, or during the pre- (There are many valence of this disease, kinds of cholera. We the strictest sanitary shall only notice three, measures must be ad- Asiatic Cholera, Chol- opted Cleanliness and era Morbus and Chol- free ventilation, and era Infantum.) Asi- particularly the instant atic Cholera: Signs.— removal of the patient’s This disease generally stools, must be en- commences with diar- forced. Don’t get rhoea and griping pains; frightened. The earli* trembling; chilliness; est attack of diarrhoea great feebleness; pale must be promptly at- and languid expression tended to; for curative of the face, and sore- measures must be ness of the bowels; con- prompt to be successful. stant purging; dis- If possible place the charges color of rice- patient m a hot bath, water ; cramps and and give of camphor vomiting; tongue dissolved in strong white, puttyish and alcohol or brandy until cold; pulse feeble and it will dissolve no irregular, and in very longer; a teaspoonful bad cases, none at ail every twenty minutes perceptible; cold until a reaction is pro-’ sweats; clouded vision; duced. This course increasing cramps; succeeded in 983 cases anxiety; apathy; stu- in the cholera hospital por deep delirious at Leipsic. and failed in sleep; and unless ar- 17 out of 1,000. rested here, death. “ N. B. — Melville’s Cholera Cure ” furnish- ed on order. 34 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL Note.—On the 4th of July, 1853, the writer gave to the lumber camp on Brewer river, near Bangor, Maine, the following prescription for cholera or summer complaint. I obtained it from Dr. Paul Goddard Of this city, whom I have no doubt is the author of it, and I think it had then never appeared in print. It has since that time ran the rounds of the newspapers, with a slight but useless variation, as the “Sun’s Cholera Remedy.” The rhubarb in this connection may be omitted: Take tincture of opium, tincture of capsicum, tincture of camphor, essence of peppermint and sulphuric ether in equal parts. Mix and shake well together. Dose: Fifteen to thirty drops in a wine-glass- ful of water every twenty minutes or half hour until the pain subsides.

CHOLERA REMEDY. (Infantum.) Put ice in the patient’s mouth if old (You sometimes have enough to hold it there, children on board, and and apply hot cloths to in cases of “summer the bowels ; don’t nurse complaint ” should the child oftener than know how to treat it.) every four hours. If Signs. — Restlessness ; fed with bottle mix one- peevishness; feverish- third lime-water with ness and occasional the milk. Give wine- diarrhoea; discharges whey ; finely chopped of a greenish hue and meat. Sponge the en- watery; sometimes tire person with water vomiting; eyes sunken, at blood-heat, (100° F.) half-closed ; half-open if there is fever* and mouth; dry, cracking gradually cool to 80° ; lips; unnatural redness continue this for ten and rash around the minutes at a time, and bottom and sexual three or four times a AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 35 organs; dulness of day. Give 20 to 30 drops mind ; and sometimes of brandy in tablespoon convulsions. At tirst ful of cold water every no fever; then fever three hours. To a chili! varying (more, some- a year old give one-half times less); increasing teaspoonful Melville’s heat, from 100° to 110° Elixir of Life every F. Pulse rapid and three or four hours. feeble, from 130 to 160; Remove the child to a breath short, and dis- different atmosphere position to delirious soon as possible. Use sleep, and death ensues turpentine drafts oil from stagnation of stomach, and injec- blood. tions of starch and laudanum.

Note.—Cholera infantum. (Practical hints regarding the care of children in hot weather.) “ Cholera infantum,” says Dr. J. F. Isom, “ is as much like Asiatic cholera as it is possible to imagine. It is caused principally by extreme heat. When the temperature at night ranges from seventy degrees upward, many cases of the disease may be expected, but if the nights are cool there is not so much danger, no matterhow hot the days. During the day, let the weather be ever so warm, a child will not be so much affected by the heat as while sleeping, and for this reason the warm nights cause most of the trouble. Extreme heat in a child’s body will arrest the process of digestion ; diarrhoea ensues, and if this is not checked it will eventually run into cholera infantum. The disease is sometimes rapid in its action, the little sufferer dyingwithin a few hours after being attacked, while in other cases a child may be sick for weeks with summer complaint before cholera infantum ensues. The discharge in case of summer complaint is filled with particles of curdled milk, which cannot be digested; but in the last stages ofcholera infantum the discharge is clear and colorless, 36 VESSEL-MASTEE’S MEDICAL MANUAL like rice-water, and is filled with albumen. The discharge is nothing but the watery portion of the blood which leaks through the intestines. Many children died just as if they had bled to death, but in most cases of cholera infantum the patients are seized with cramps and spasms, dying in great agony. Teething children are more apt than others to be afflicted with this disease, for the reason that the nervous system is in a constant state of irritation, and the reflex nervous action generally affects the stomach first. ” Yes,” continued the doctor, “ in the great majority of cases children die from neglect; not that parents do jiot try to save their lives, but because they do not know how to take care of the little ones. During the warm the babies should be kept as quiet as possible. During the day it is a good idea to give them plenty of fresh air. They should be permitted to stay out of doors in the shade all day, and before they are put to bed at night a cool bath would reduce their temperature and fit them for a good night’s sleep. Mothers who nurse children should avoid heating their blood, and the bottle from which youngsters drink should be scalded daily and kept perfectly clear ofsour milk. No child suffering from diarrhoea should be permitted to go a day without medical attention. These directions, if followed, together with a proper attention to dress, will doubtless save the life of many an infant.” CHOLERA MOR- REMEDY. BUS. Give three or four (English or Sum- two grain pills of blue mer Cholera.) mass U. S. D., followed Signs.—Sets in sud- by full dose castor oil. denly ; uneasiness of In severe cases, mus- bowels; sickness at tard plasters may be stomach; diarrhoea, applied to the bowels and sometimes vomit- until redness is pro- ing ; thin, liquid stoola; duced. Abstain fromall AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 37 chills ; malaria; skin dvinks. Put one-quar- cold and covered with ter grain of morphia clammy sweat; tongue sulph. dry on the tongue cold and coated ; ex- and swallow. (In all haustion ; restlessness; bowel complaints, anxiety, and intense boil the water be- thirst. Pulse increased fore drinking; al- in number, but feeble ways bear this in mind, in force ; smaller flow asit isof vast import- of urine; cramps, par- ance.) Give three or ticularly under the four drops of dilute knee, and in the calf sulphuric acid in ten of the leg; and in drops of laudanum, severe cases, a complete every three or four prostration of the en- hours, in tablespoonful tire system; gradually of weak camphor passing into a fever of water. If there is the typhoid character, vomiting, give carbolic and continuing for ten acid, and sub. nitrate or fifteen days. of bismuth, of each one-half grain in little water every hour ; also, injections of starch and ! laudanum. Note. —The etiology of cholera, in so far as relates to its influence in this country, does not admit ofmuch doubt. The infection must be actually imported into our midst. It has never yet been imported except through human agency, and the poison appears to be all but, if not entirely, limited to the discharges from the bowels and to the matter vomited by the patients. Where these go, the poison goes; hence sewers and drains receiving them tend to become channels for con- veying the disease; soil fouled by them may, by leading to the pollution of well and other waters, as also by aerial emanations, favor its diffusion; and, to a less 38 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL extent probably, the bed linen and personal clothing of the sick may become vehicles of infection. In all essential respects the disease appears to spread under much the same conditions as favor the spread of entric or typhoid fever, and, like that disease, it has in this country mainly been associated with the use of water supplies, which have been subjected to the risk of receiving the specific infection. What that infection consists in is not yet known, but judging from analogy it is a definite organism capable of reproducing its own kind under those conditions of filth which we have ad- verted to as being associated with the spread of the disease. In the case of anthrax, which causes the so- called wool-sorter’s disease in man, and in the case of relapsing or famine fever, the microscope has succeeded in showing the organisms which lead to the production of those specific affections; but in the case of cholera no such results have as yet been attained, and this, not- withstanding the laborious microscopic and other re- searches which have been made in India and elsewhere. Note.—Cholera and Birds.— If any faith is to be attached to a statement just communicated to us from Egypt a rather new light will have been thrown upon the question how cholera is propagated from place to place in an infected country. An Englishman, writing from Zagaziz, where he has been residing for some time, announces his intention of remaining there as long as the swallows and sparrows do not take their departure. It has, he adds, been ascertained beyond a doubt by the experience of previous epidemics, that as soon as the cholera is on the eve of establishing itself in any place these birds, as well as probably many others, flee from the impending evil. Now, if the germs of disease, or of that which causes the disease, are wafted along like a blight, filling the whole atmosphere, making their presence felt at once by the denizens of the air, we have a confirmation of the theory that cor- dons and quarantines, however strict, cannot be relied upon as a guarantee. Moreover, as any blight or AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 39 vitiation of the atmosphereof such a kind could hardly move, except by the aid of the wind, it would become almost certain that places to the windward of an infected centre might be saved from the epidemic until the wind changed. Any way, the theory may be worth attention. Note.—Among the precautions against cholera it is suggested that, as workers in copper in Hungary and those engaged in the manufacture of brass and copper articles elsewhere never seem to catch it, a thin disk of pure copper about two and one-half inches in diameter should be worn next the skin, over the pit of the stomach, and suspended from the neck by a tape. COLIC. REMEDY. (Intestinal.) In a large proportion Signs.—A griping of cases of colic, the pain usually in the re- disease readily yields gion of the navel, oc- to the simplest reme- curs in spells of greater dies. A brisk purge, or less severity, some- or a teaspoonful of times producing the common salt in a glass most intense agony; of hot milk or water wind is heard and felt swallowed at one in the bowels, and there draught, will give im- is generally a strong mediate relief ; cloths desire to have an oper- wrung out in hot ation ; but the effort is whiskey, vinegar, or unsuccessful. Wind es- water; hot salt-bags capes and finally large and bags of sand, baked evacuations produce in an oven, are excellent partial if not perfect in such cases. Hot relief. The pain may whiskey and ginger, or continue with increas- peppermint; or a dose ing intensity ; or at in- of paregoric, teaspoon tervals the patient may ful for pei'son ten years be entirely free from it. old, or two teaspoon- 40 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL There is little or no fuls for an adult. After fever with it; tongue it is over, keep the may be perfectly clean bowels open daily. and pulse natural. REMEDY. COXSTIPATION. Don’t try to cure it (Habitual.) with pills, powders, The signs of this boluses or injections ; disease everybody neither will accomplish knows. It is simply the desired result. Eat going for days without a vegetable and fruit tin operation of the diet; take daily exer- bowels. Its conse- cise in the open air ; quences are, loss of and keep regular hours. appetite; headache ; The diet may consist sleeplessness; low- of stewed apples, spirits; melancholia; peaches or prunes; troublesome dreams; coarse stale bread, oat nightemissionsof semi- meal, and very rare nal fluid; constant beef, mutton, veal, and foreboding of evil; chicken ; no salt meats, fretfulness; loss of pork, ham, nor cheese. temper; loss of mem Take warm baths daily, ory; loss of mental and rub the skin with and physical energy; a coarse towel, after general aversion to any each, until a bright exertion ; cold feet ; glow appears on the depressed circulation ; surface. Take your general don’t-care-a- meals regularly at a damnativeness ; blood stated time each. And poisoning; and finally above all obey the calls death. of nature promptly. All the “ Melville Remedies” may be obtained at the office of F. C. Melville, Physician and Surgeon, No. 1620 Richmond street, Philadelphia, and will be forwarded by express C. O. D. to any address in the United States. AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 41 CONVULSIONS, See advertisement on (Or Fits.) page 219, this book. These often occur REMEDY. suddenly both in chil- Prevent the patient dren and in adults. In from injuring himself children during the during the attack. In period of dentition or case of children teeth- teething mostly, and in ing, lance the gum adults at any or all slightly with a common times. —Sudden Signs. penknife ; and give a loss of consciousness ; gentle laxative. In staring pallor ; eyes ; adults, give free play to fixed pupils ; spasmodic the air by unbuttoning movement of the body ; the vest and shirt col of the muscles rigidity ; lar ; remove all pres- vertigo ; loss of speech ; sure from the breast; tingling pain; a strange let him sleep after the noise the ringing in ear attack ; give five grains precedes the attack. oxide of zinc per day, The head is drawn to dissolve in half pint of one side; teeth water, and give one- clinched; eye balls third one hour after turned up; face pale: each meal. Infusion pulse feeble or entii'ely of foxglove; opium; suspended; heart give one-fifth of a grain throbs wildly; tongue of belladonna each day coated with brown or for a month ; then in- yellow mucus. crease dose gradually as patient is able to bear it. CRAMPS. REMEDY. Signs.—Fatigue; ex- Perfect and long-con- haustion ; trembling; tinued rest. Counter nervousness; spasms; irritant, (Melville’s;) 42 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL contraction of muscles; hot baths; electricity neuralgia; prickling when possible. Regu- feeling in all parts of late bowels with Mel- thebody; jumping ;rig- ville’s Liver Powder, idity. exercise in open air. COW POX. REMEDY. (Kine Pox, Vac- Protect the sore from cinia or Varioloid.) injury, and be careful allow the scab Result of vaccina- not to to be scratched or knock- tion. Signs. —In two ed gentle laxa- five after off; give to days vac- tive, and the cination a keep reddish, from exposure. hard patient swelling appears A light nutritious diet, where the virus was put bread, milk, fruit, fresh in, accomi >anied by beef and vege- and mutton, itching stinging ; table soup and fresh the circle around it ap- fish, may all be taken. pears on eighth or ninth Keep the room well- day, and continues to ventilated, and watch enlarge until it reaches for after claps, particu- the size of an old cop larly in young patients. itch- per cent. Heat; If any appear, circum- ing;stiffnessof muscles; stances must govern little or no fever ; some- their treatment. times a rash will ap pear; pulse slightly increased. REMEDY. CROUP. (Laryngitis, Immediate confine- Cyan- ment in bed in a warm ache, Traehealis.) well ventilated room. (This disease occurs If possible have the air in adults, as the effect charged with steam by AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE 43 of wounds, the inhala- a basin of water on the tion of steam, or hot stove; give tinct. lobelia air, or from any sudden and goose-grease (in injury to the lungs or equal parts,) teaspoon- throat. In children, it ful every fifteen min- is the result of sudden utes until full vomiting cold, a companion and is produced. Avoid the follower of measles, use of alum. Give full scarlatina, smallpox dose of calomel (ten and other causes.) grains for an adult) at Signs.— Inflammation the beginning of the of throat; hoarse attack, and alcoholic cough; huskiness of drinks, (milk punch, voice ; fever ; restless- hot brandy or whiskey ness ; thirst; difficulty toddy). Paint the of breathing ; voice or throat with iodine; cry of infants reduced poultice the neck with to a husky whisper; tlaxseed and slippery water of a pale milky elm bark, and after the or chalky appearance; attack is subdued give pulse increased from a good tonic and gener- ten to fifteen beats per ous diet. minute more than is natural; general convulsions; death. CUTANEOUS REMEDY. (Skin) DISEASES. (When it is under- These are numerous stood that there are and varied. They are 19,874,610 pores in the always attributable to skin of every adult an impoverished and living, and that one- impure state of the quarter of all the food blood ; and give the we eat and drink countenance a very un- passes through these 44 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL sightly aspect. When- pores in the form of in- ever you observe a sensible perspiration; rough and repulsive the importance of keep- skin, you always form ing the skin in a an unfavorable opinion healthy condition will of its possessor. It at once be apparent). is not always fair. In order to do this, Signs. —Redness; take daily gentle exer- roughness; pimples; cise in the open air. blotches ; watery eyes ; Horseback riding; itching; stinging; con- cold baths in the morn- stant desire to rub and ing during the summer; scratch ; pulse at times swimming in summer; feeble and slow, at skating in winter; and others strong and flur- sponge baths in winter. ried ; tongue coated Should you find your- with brown mucus; self becoming a victim always a bad taste in of skin disease, take a the mouth; alternate brisk cathartic, follow Hashes of heat and by syrup of stillingia, chilliness, etc. desertspoonful three times a day. After two weeks add iodide of potassium two drams DELIRIUM to pint stillingia. TREMENS. See Alcoholism, p. 22. REMEDY. DEBILITY, If possible take a good long rest, (General.) dismiss all your cares, read Signs.—A feeling cheerful books, and talk of fatigue after any with sensible and (even the slightest) ex- agreeable people. ertion ; general tired- AVlien others introduce AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 45 ness; loss of appetite; gloomy subjects, tell wakefulness; no am- them to go to the d—eep bition ; pains in back deep sea. Take Mel- and loins; cramps in ville’s “ Elixir of Life,” lower limbs; dispo dessertspoonful half sition to sigh ; constant hour before each meal; forebodings of evils let your meals be light, which never come; at first, consisting of slight headache; dim- bread and milk, fruits, ness of vision ; ringing well-cooked vegetables, sound in the ears ; par- and very little meat, ticularly that sound plenty of rice. As which the superstitious your system begins to denominate “ deatli- acquire its natural knell; ”) loss of mem tone, increase the ory; thirst(unnatural;) strength of your diet nervousness; fright; in as appetite demands; the midst of a narrative good nutritious soups, forgetting what you are rare steaks and chops, talking about; dry and broiled, and keep up parched tongue; chap your Elixir of Life until ped lips ; and pulse fee- your appetite is like a ble and hesitating. crosscut saw.

Note. —Dr. Robert D’Unger claims to have discovered the following cure for drunkenness. Mr. Joseph Medill, editor of the Chicago Tribune, is a strong indorser of the remedy, and has devoted many editorials to further its general circulation among a class of unfortunates who cannot say “ no” when asked to drink. It is claimed that Dr. D’Unger has cured 28,000 persons of the worst form of intemperance by this method of treatment, and that this is the first remedy ever di-covered which kills the disease and the inclination to drink at the same time: Take one pound of the best, fresh, quill-red Peru- vian bark, powder it and soak it in two pints of diluted 46 VESSEL-MASTER'S MEDICAL MANUAL alcohol. Afterwards strain and evaporate it down to half a pint. Dose: A teaspoonful every three hours the first and second day, and occasionally moisten the tongue between the doses. It acts like quinine, and the patient can tell by a headache if he or she is getting too much. The third day take as previously, but reduce to one-half teaspoonful. Afterward reduce the dose to fifteen drops, and then down to ten and then to five drops. To make a cure it takes from five to fifteen days, and in extreme cases thirty days. Seven days is the average to effect a cure. DIABETES. REMEDY. (Polymia.) For the first five clays (The passage of sup- after this disease makes erabundance of water.) its appearance, give The attack may be opium, commencing sudden or gradual. with two grains at a Signs.—Excessive flow time, three times a day, of water; great thirst; and increasing gradu- loss of flesh; weakness; ally to five grains. chilliness; dryness of Then give tincture the mouth and skin ; in- valerian half dram crease of appetite; fre- at a time, three times quent pain and uneasi- a day, and increase the ness in the stomach ; dose gradually until sometimes diarrhoea two drams are taken at and vomiting;the urine a time ; or give valeria- is thin and watery; is nate of zinc in one unnatural, and is from grain doses, and in- one-eighth to one- crease as the stomach twelfth lighter in will bear it; camphor, weight than when bromide of potassium, healthy; death rarely arsenic, iron, bella- results from this donna, nitric acid di- disease alone, but there lute. Apply galvanic AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 47 are endless complica- battery to neck and tions produced by it. spine; attend to gen- Death issometimes pre- eral health; eat and ceded by wasting, loss drink what the stomach of appetite, indigestion craves. and dyspepsia. REMEDY. DIARRHOEA. At sea, always boil the your water before (Looseness of drinking. If you are Bowels.) without “ Melville’s The causes of diar- Diarrhoea Remedy,” rhoea are different in (which is warranted to different persons. In cure 99 out of every some cases, change of 100 cases,) a very water will produce it, good plan is to give five while in others the to eight grains of blue character of the water mass, combined with produces no effect upon ten grains of powdered the bowels. Certain rhubarb. After this kinds of food will pro- has operated well, give duce it in one, while an- syrup of poppies in half other may eat any kind dram doses three or of food with impunity. four times a day, or Hunger is sometimes a tincture opium (lauda- cause, and it often oc- num) fifteen drops at a curs directly after a full time, until sixty drops meal. It often occurs are taken. Tea made from excessive use of of running blackberry alcohol or tobacco, or root may be drank after an attack of freely, or of red rasp dysentery. It some- berry leaves, opium, times is produced by ex- subnitrate of bismuth, cessive sexual inter- etc. Diet: Arrow- course, after long ab- root, boiled milk; no sence at sea. alcohol. 48 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL DIPHTHERIA. REMEDY. (Malignant Sore Put the patient in a Throat.) room byhimself. Keep the temperature at 68 J This disease is gradual its approach. It or 70° F. (Keep steam in the room.) Cleanli- commences with de- in ; dis- pression of spirits; ness ventilation; languor, weakness; infection ; give a nutri- malaria; chilliness; • tious diet; plenty of : with lime loss of appetite; sick- milk water ; and beef tea; cool ness at stomach ; vom- | drinks; ice sucked iting ; diarrhoea; head | freely; egg nog, made ache ; drowsiness ; de- with or cided whiskey brandy; fever; ringing in citrate of potassium, the ears; and slight dram pint of throat. The tongue one to a sore water, to be drank is covered with a thick doses white These freely; quinine in coat. of twenty establish the ten to grains signs three times a presence of the disease. two or day; the throat The tonsils gargle are swollen; with hot water every breath some- offensive; half hour; blow sul- times ulceration; phur hoarse, croupy cough. with a goosequill The urine is barrel, or small syringe, feverish, down the throat every and sometimes contains hour This is blood. The theories of or two. said to be a sure cure the causes of this dis- for this disease. ease are almost as numerous as the authors who have written upon it.

Any of Dr. Melville’s Remedies will be sent to vessels when ordered by mail, C. 0. D. AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 49 DROPSY. REMEDY. (Ascites; Abdom- If an attack is appre- inal Dropsy.) hended it nmy be averted by two or three Signs.— Commence- cups of hot coffee; a ment gradual and un- glass of hot and strong suspected ; an accumu- whiskey, or brandy; or lation of water; palpi- twenty to twenty-five tation of heart; fulness grains of quinine; va- and rounding of the por of ether; chloro- belly ; navel is forced form ; inhale the smoke out; impeded breath- of belladonna leaves; ing ; interruption of stramonium; poppy the heart’s action; di- with nitre ; during the minished discharge of interval, avoid exciting urine; constipation; causes; use light,easily loss of appetite ; swell- digested diet; avoid ing of the genital or- sugar and milk, and use gans ; shining appear- little water or other ance of the "skin ; en- drinks at meal-times; largement of the veins; quinia, arsenic, and obstruction of circula- belladonna must be tion ; short breath; given for some time ; swollen glands; various or iodide of potassium, noises in the bowels, two drams in four loud enough to be ounces of water, a ta- heard ten feet from the blespoonful four times patient. Occurs most a day; change of air generally in middle life and climate is always among men. good. All the “Melville Remedies” may be obtained at the office of F. C. Melville, Physician and Surgeon, No. 1620 Richmond street, Philadelphia, and will be forwarded by express C. O. D., to any address iu the baited States. 50 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL DYSENTERY. REMEDY. (Flux. Bloody Put the patient in Flux.) bed in a moderately warmed Signs.—When room; give epi- opium in half grain demic, comes on sud- doses, or laudanum in denly ; in other cases is preceded fifteen drop doses ; diet by catarrh in of the three-quarters milk bowels; diarrhoea and one-quarter may or may pre- lime not water; open the bowels cede ; chilliness, fol- with “ Melville’s Liver lowedby ” fever; malaria; oil remittent fever; Powder; or castor colicky one and lauda- pains; often the dis- ounce, of num twenty drops; charges mucus are solution” tinged with blood; “Fowler’s great one drop with five drops exhaustion; of tincture sometimes the mucous opium every after quiet discharge changes a three hours; to has been obtained by putrid fluid; loss of the opium treatment, appetite; sickness at inject stomach and bilious by rectum an of vomiting, in severe ounce starch, in flow urine w h i c h one-quarter cases; of of has scanty and high grain morphia colored; tongue been well stirred; use coated; pulse light, hot cloths with vinegar, and hands whiskey, or even water quick feeble; the others be and voice if cannot feet cold; had. If relapse occurs, husky; heart beats give brandy feebly. stimulate; or whiskey in beef tea; keep the patient and his bed clean, and well aired. Tonics during recovery. AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 51 DYSPEPSIA. REMEDY. (Indigestion.) Where it can be done, Signs.—Weight and ! stop all animal food ; uneasiness in the use Wm. R. Warner & stomach after meals; Co’s. “Syrup of the (is not often felt while Phosphates; ” with a eating.) Crowding feel- milk diet; gradually add ing in the gullet; belch- fruits in their season, ing ; windy eructa- and well-cooked vegeta- tions ; sense of oppres- bles. For medicine, sion in the chest; wind Warner’s “ Ingluven ” colic; rumbling in the has no equal, (take as bowels; constipation; directed;) tepid baths poor appetite; slight in the morning; and thirst; tongue swollen, sponge baths before re- pale and flabby; mucous tiring; gentle exercise lining of the mouth daily in the open air; loses its natural bright as walking, sailing, rowing, riding on red color ; gums become soft and spongy; ton- horseback, carriage etc. As the sils swollen ; depression riding, of spirits; urine pale, strength of the stomach and charged with lime increases, add to the and other deposits; diet good tender beef- pulse weak, irregular, steaks broiled rare, excitable, and palpi- mutton, veal, and game tates on the slightest in their season; and exertion. take a quantity of good Rhenish wine with Epilepsy. —F a ll your meals. Use ko ing Sickness.— See tobacco. Fits; Convulsions, page 41.

Eruptions. — Skin Diseases.—See Cuta- neous, page 43. 52 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL ERYSIPEEAS. REMEDY. (St. Anthony’s Keep the bowels Fire.) open; give tincture This is a disease sup- aconite root, five drops posed by some physi- in a cup of warm tea, cians to be hereditary, three times a day while or constitutional; but the fever lasts; then we have no positive apply a poultice of proof of it. It often crushed cranberries: comes from infection; bathe the affected part with solution of sugar contagion ; child bed a fever; hospital gan- of lead water and laudanum; (dissolve ten grene ; errors in diet; and other causes. grains of sugar of lead Sig-ns.-Intense inflam- in two ounces of water, and add twenty drops mation ; malaria; pains oflaudanum;) use every in the limbs ; vomiting; hour ; paint the circle loss of appetite ; sore throat; headache; rest- around the affected part with tincture of lessness ; fever; shiver- iodine. In cases of ing ; these signs may last for days, and be great pain bathe witli followed by great heat laudanum and bella and irritation; stinging donna, equal parts; and smarting; a livid keep the patient away redness; and swelling, from the wounded, and and ulceration. women in child bed.

EYES, REMEDY. (Inflammation of.) Remove the cause of (Ophthalmia.) inflammation, and Weak and sore eyes bathe the lids with are so common as to be warm milk and water; understood by almost tea is also very useful; AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 53 everybody. Inflamma- in severe casespoultices tion is caused by the may be applied, or a presence offoreign sub- fly-blister behind the stance ; by the sun’s re- ear. Soak the feet in flection on the water ; mustard water, hot as by straining of the can be borne, and ap- optic nerve; by what ply cooling lotions or ice is known as “wild to the head; wilted hairs; ” cold settling in stramonium leaves over the eyes; determina- the eyes; sugar of lead tion of blood to the and sulphate of zinc, of head; scrofulous or each half dram ; com- syphilitic state of the mon salt and white blood; and in children sugar, of each a dram ; from measles; scar- rain water half pint, latina ; and whooping let stand two days, cough. In some cases shake and filter ; an ex- the lids only will be af- cellent eye water. A fected. The edges be- brisk cathartic will come very much inflam- generally assist wonder- ed, sometimes are turn- fully in removing in- ed out and ulcerate. flammation. FEVER. REMEDY. Fresh air (Typlms, Ship in patient’s Fe- room, ver, Camp Fever.) which most be kept clean and disin- Of fevers there are fected with chloride of many varieties; a gen- lime or carbolic acid; eral treatment is ap- light nutritious diet; plicable to them all: milk; beef tea ; chicken First stage: Four days or mutton broths regu- to two weeks; general larly night and day. uneasiness; headache; Stimulants; wines in chilliness ; loss of appe- small and increasing tite. Second stage: In- quantities; cold sponge 54 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL crease of both heat and baths twice a day : chill; prostration of open the bowels with system; painsandtrem- “ Melville’s Liver Pow- bling in limbs; throb der,” or citrate of mag bing headache; giddi- nesia. For drinks give ness, with partial loss cold lemonade; cream of hearing; drowsiness; tartar water ; chlorate delirium; tongue coat- of potassium; tea and ed with thick white coffee; quinine in fur; pulse increased to fifteen or twenty grain 120or 140. Third stage: doses, twice a day; At first reddish appear- sesqui-chloride of iron ance of skin, then little twenty-five drops in red dots; mulberry water three times a day. rash; headache stops Watch the urine daily, tenth day; danger if and treat the various continues longer; symptoms as they arise. sleepiness; stupor;pulse Watch the recovery. increases to 160; heart No exertion nor feeble. over- indulgence must be allowed. YELLOW FEVER. REMEDY. (Black Vomit, On entering a foreign “Yellow Jack.”) or infected port, put your vessel in a perfect Signs—Are various state of disinfection under different con- and ventilation; see ditions ; pulse full and that your men have strong, 100 to 120 ; face fresh and wholesome flushed; eyes red ; food, bathe every day, anxious expression; and change their under hot, dry and harsh clothing twice or three skin; tongue covered times a week. Yellow with white fur, and fever never occurs at moist at tip and edges; an elevation of 500 feet AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 55 sore throat; thirst; above the sea level. If burning in the stom- it comes, put the ach ; violent retching patient in bed and give and vomiting; dis- quinine and calomel, charges of a bilious ten grains each at first, character, and often continue the quinine streaked with blood; in fifteen grain doses all urine diminished; through. For vomit- severe pains shooting ing, lime water and through the forehead, milk in equal parts. eyes and temples; ter- Liquid food in moder- rible pains in the back, ate quantities; small and cramps in calves quantities of whiskey, of the legs. Remission brandy or wine in large state: lasts from two drafts of water; must- to twenty four hours ; ard plasters over sore patient improved. places. Recovery after Collapse or secondary “ black vomit ” is com- fever: skin grows yel- mon. Not so after sup- low ; hemorrhage in bad pression of urine. cases. Black vomit; death.

Note. —A correspondent of the New York Sun writes as follows: The yellow fever is found to consist of a few ounces of foreign matter in the blood, which can never escape but through the glands of the skin. Let the patient place his feet in hot water and wrap himself in blankets, and commence drinking two or three quarts of water in the form of light black tea, as hot as he can bear; the oxygen of the water soon re- stores the full power of his nerves, the water dilutes the blood, and the great heat expands the smaller blood- vessels, so that the restored nervous power can drive the blood to the surface, where the glands secrete the foreign matter which forms the fever and expels it in two or three hours, and can never tail to do so. This is 56 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL the prescription that killed the yellow fever in the Mississippi Valley the last two years, and this year in Havana. FEVER, HAY. REMEDY. Rose- (Hay Asthma, Take small and cold, Autumn doses of quinia, Catarrh.) regular | say two or three grains Signs.—Itching of three times a day, dur- eyelids and swelling of ing the whole course of lining membranes of the disease. “Fowler’s the lids; watering of Solution of Arsenic ” in the eyes; aversion to ten drop doses has been the light; tumors and found useful. Iodide watery discharges from of potassium fifteen the nostrils; violent grains every six hours ; sneezing; irritation of sulphate of morphia the throat; soreness of one-eighth of a grain, the palate; more or and one-two-hundredth less cough of an asth- of a grain of atropia matic character. These at night; stimulant if signs appear suddenly, habitual with the and are generally soon patient; open the past. There are many j bowels daily; wear persons to whom this flannel next the skin; disease has more for the cough narcotics terrors than any other and stimulants. Use a form of fever in the j full, nourishing diet, whole category. To and if “Melville’s those persons I would Elixir of Life ” can be say most respectfully I obtained, take it as di- that the most effectual rected ; if not, some remedy yet discovered other good tonic. is complete change of climate. Get up and leave. AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 57 FEVER, RELAPS- REMEDY. ING. Put the patient alone well-ventilated (Famine Fever, Bil- in a ious Typhoid.) room; give a gentle laxative ; don’t purge ; Signs.—Comes on rest in bed; plenty of suddenly ; chills, ague pure water, which has and great weakness; been boiled, to drink; throbbing pain in the watch the urine; give head ; giddiness ; ter- one dram of nitre in a rible pains in back and pint of water ; let him limbs ; hot, dry skin ; drink freely; cold or flushed face; excessive tepid sponging ; ice if and continuous thirst; vomiting; carbolic acid shivering; retching and half grain in half vomiting; (discharges pint of cherry laurel yellowish, greenish or water for sickness at black;) loss of appetite; stomach ; diet light and moist tongue, with nutritious; milk; white oryellowish coat- stimulants. In children ing ; sore throat; jaun- and aged persons, if dice ; pulse rapid, often great debility is pres- rises to 160, weak and ent, a good tonic and irregular; sometimes syrup of the phosphates delirium; symptoms is recommended. Meet more severe, fifth to symptoms as they arise, seventh day; diarrhoea and try to prevent the and vomiting. Relapse relapse. Keep the comes with no warning patient in bed and signs, and ends as the give quinine, five grain first attack ; limbs cold doses. and purple; pulse more feeble; water stops.

Any of Dr. Melville’s Remedies will be sent to vessels when ordered by mail, C. 0. D. VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL FLUX. (Bloody Flux, Ducenturia) —See Dysentery, p. 50. REMEDY. GASTRALIA. While the spell is on, one-quarter the give grain (Neuralgia of of morphia dry on the Stomach.) tongue every eight Signs. — Severe hours; tincture iodine pains in the stomach, and carbolic acid, equal darting in all di- parts, one drop in wa- rections, which cease ter every hour; bis- when pressed; pulse muth, one scruple three ‘ 1 small, rapid, weak or times a day ; Fowler’s vacillating; skin cold (Solution” one drop, and and covered with cold laudanum two drops, sweat; features pale every six hours; cold and shrunken ; heart’s poultices or mustard- action disturbed belch- plasters on the stom- ing of wind ; vomiting; ach. If due to indi- pain in the side ; (some- gestible food, give large times) sense of soreness draughts of lukewarm near the navel; nerv- water to produce vom- ousness ; violent beat- iting ; muriatic acid ing of the heart; head- dilute and tincture nux ache ; melancholy; all vomica in equal parts, sorts of imaginings of live to ten drops at a evil to come. In one time, three or four word, universal and times a day ; milk diet, double distilled wretch- give food often and in edness long drawn out. small quantities.

Any of Dr. Melville’s Remedies will be sent to vessels when ordered by mail. C. O. D. AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 59 GASTRITIS, REMEDY. ACUTE. Abstain from food and clean (Gastric Catarrh.) keep quiet; out the stomach by co- This is a state of in- pious draughts of warm flammation of the stom- water, or mustard and ach, and is frequently ipecac; drink mineral caused by the climatic water, Vichy or Con- changes involved in go- gress ; (give a saline- ing from port to port; clraught, made as fol- errors in diet; swallows : carbonate of po- lowing food before it is tassa, one scruple ; cit- chewed ; too hot or too ric acid and tartar, fif- cold liquids; excessive teen grains; fresh eating; alcoholism; lemon juice, half ounce; sedentary habits; sud- sugar, one dram ; water, den fits of anger ; grief ; eight ounces, or half brooding; etc., etc. pint; mix. Divide this Signs.—Loss of ap- into two or three doses. petite; loathing of This is a most excellent food; only partial formula, to be given in digestion ; restlessness all kinds offevers.) If and wakefulness; chills vomiting prevails, give and fever ; pain in left milk and lime water in breast, two inches un- equal parts—t able- der left nipple. Tongue spoonful doses. If very either small, red and weak, give small quanti- sore, or enlarged with ties of brandy, whiskey, yellowish white coat- milk punch or iced ing ; constant craving wine. As a tonic, “ for sour things ; some- Melville’s Elixir of times jaundice. Life.”

Any of Dr. Melville’s Remedies will be sent to vessels when ordered by mail, C, O. D. 60 VESSEL-MASTEE’S MEDICAL MANUAL GLEET. REMEDY. (Mucous Urethral Empty the bowels Discharge.) with a gentle dose of This disease is not an “Melville’s Liver Pow- original ailment, but a der.” Observe every consequence, depend- rule of cleanliness; ing upon some original bathe daily in plain te- genital trouble. It may pid water, and sponge result from strain, pro- the genital organs two duced by heavy lifting, or three times each day exposure to cold and with warm water and fatigue; but it is gen- castile soap; take a erally the sequence of | light, nutritious diet; a badly treated gonor- milk, fruits, well-cook- rhoea, and sometimes ed vegetables, good lean requires more care to fresh beef, mutton, cure than the original poultry, etc. No acids, disease from which it as pickles, vinegar, etc. sprung. No salt meats, or ham, N. B.—There is one cheese, pork, or bolog- very important feature na, and above all, no to this disease, which alcoholic or malt li- I wish particularly to quors. Take gentle ex- impress on the mind of ercise in the open air the reader. It may daily, and keep regular sometimes be imparted hours. If it resists this by a wife who is afflicted treatment one week put with leucorrlioea or twenty grains subni- bismuth in four whites, to her husband ; trate of and he very naturally ounces of water and suspects her of infidel- syringe three times a ity. Don’t do it! Con- day. Sure cure. sult a good physician. Any of Dr. Melville’s Remedies will be sent to vessels when ordered by mail, C. O. D. AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE 61 GONORRHCEA. REMEDY. An inflammatory mu- In addition to all that cous discharge from is said in a former chap- the urethra of both ter on “Gleet,” in rela- sexes. Much more com- tion to cleanliness and mon in men. diet, regimen and sani- Signs.—Slight heat tarymatters,observe the and itching in the uri- following simple direc- nary passage; scalding tions : Open the bowels in passing water swell- with a brisk cathartic ing of the opening; a (“Melville’s Liver thin whitish or pale Powder” is the best yellow discharge, which known,) or full dose of increases in quantity, Epsom salts ; then take and deepens in color to sulph. zinc, ten grains ; a deep yellow, green, sugar of lead, ten or sometimes bloody grains; laudanum, appearance ; neck of twenty-five drops; tinct. the bladder becomes ir- catechu, twenty-five ritable ; constant de- drops ; rose water, four sire to void water; ounces. Dissolve in foreskin swelled ; chor- bottle, and with a P. P. dee, at night; foreskin syringe inject into the drawn over the head, urethra one dram six or and remains so, (Para- eight times a day. This phymoses,) or back and in ninety-nine cases out cannot be moved for- of a hundred, will ef- ward (Phymosis.) fect cure in 3 or 4 days. More mild in women; See “ Melville’s Solu- less inflammation, and ble Canulas.” sooner cured. All the “ Melville Remedies” can be obtained at the office of F. C. Melville, Physician and Surgeon, No. 1620 Richmond street, Philadelphia, (take red car on Second and Third streets line,) and ships’ medicine chests filled with fresh medicines at short notice. 62 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL GLANDERS. REMEDY. (Equinia Farcy.) Prevention is of great A disease peculiar to importance; but if the horses, but men (and disease is once con- jackasses) sometimes tracted by inocula- contract it. tion, the affected spot Signs.—The acute should at once be cut or form generally appears burnt out. Keep the with chills; pains in bowels freely open; tonic from joints and limbs ; head- give the out- ache ; vomiting and di- set, and a full stimu- “Huxham’s arrhoea ; pulse accelera- latingdiet; ted; fetid sweats; erup- Tinct. of Bark;” tions of the skin, ‘ 1 Warner’sSyrup of the cheeks, arms and Phosphates;” pay the thighs, ripening into strictest attention to pustules, on the face, cleanliness, (personal,) trunk, toes, fingers and and the sanitary condi- genital organs, and tions of the surround- ending in gangrene. ings ; if abscesses form The tongue is dry and they must be opened, brown;. pulse feeble and treated as they oc- and irregular. Second cur. Iodine, and iodide potassium stage : Chronic glan- of are ders (rare,) stools very strongly recommended. fetid and sometimes During recovery, change bloody. Third stage : of air and good Acute farey; differs rich food. only slightly from glanders. Chronic farey; wasting and debility; foul, deep, sloughing ulcers. Any of Dr. Melville’s Remedies will be sent to vessels when ordered by mail, C. O. D. AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 63 GOUT. REMEDIES. (Podagra.) Give a brisk purga- Acute or transient, tive at first. Opium in half or tinc- seizure very sudden ; grain (loses, usually after midnight; ture of aconite root, the muscular action of half drop every half the great toe is first af- hour. Wine of colchi- fected, and other joints cum, fifteen minims suffer sympathetically. every half hour. Five Extreme pain and to ten grains of quinia swelling at night; skin three times a day. Hot over the affected joint air baths; low diet; give tender, red, hot, and ten grains of “Hover’s shining; troublesome Powder ” at night for itching and inflamma- restlessness. If the tion. Fat men and foot is the seat of pain, high livers suffer most. elevate it, and wrap in Females rarely suffer flannel and cover with with it. oiled silk. Poultice, Signs.—Chills and (adding opium, bella- fevers; perspiration; donna, tincture ofacon- the urine scanty and dark ; ite, etc.) During diarrhoea; (attack lasts interval, regulate the from four days to diet; use only a little several weeks.) It is tea or coffee ; give no the parent of all the dis- stimulants (alcoholic) eases to which human- unless absolutely indis- ity is heir. Consola- pensable ; baths and tion : Sailors rarely are friction; exercise in afflicted with it. Fat open air; keep your captains often. temper. Moral.—Avoid high living. Any of Dr. Melville’s Remedies will be sent to vessels when ordered by mail, C. O. D. 64 VESSEL-MASTEE’S MEDICAL MANUAL Hay Fever. (June Coed.)— See Fevers, page 56. HEADACHE, REMEDY. SICK. A glass of brandy and (Migraine, Hemi- soda, or champagne or crania.) sherry wine, or a cup In females, this dis- of strong coffee, will ease is caused by womb frequently prevent the troubles, and irregu- attack. “Melville’s larities of the menses; Counter Irritant” is a want of exercise ; ex- warranted cure ;— cessive sleep; want of will cure it in two min- ventilation; and de- utes. Open the bowels pression. with a gentle laxative; Signs. and during the con —Chilliness; tinuance tingling in the tongue ; of the attack disorders of speech; take perfect rest in a loss of appetite; pain dark room. Place ice over the eyes, from on the forehead ; any temple to temple; men- sudden excitement may tal confusion; drowsi- instantly end it. In ness ;involuntary shed- the intervals, all excite- ding of tears; soreness ment should be in the back of the neck; avoided; and disorders excessive sensibility; of the stomach cor- Daily dimness of vision ; low rected. use of spirits; foreboding of the galvanic battery is evil; and general dis- highly recommended; content, and loss of also “Warner’s Calo- temper. Tongue dry mel Parvules,” 1228 and harsh; pulse low, Market street, Phila- weak and unsteady; delphia. seldom occurs after forty years of age. AND PAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 65 HEART DISEASE. REMEDY. (Palpitation.) If the palpitation is Its attacks may oc- violent give opium in cur frequently or more one half grain doses, remote, and last from or inject hypodermical- a few moments to ly, (under the skin.) hours, or days. They Give from one to three may be violent or fee- minims of the tinct. glass ble ; and are always ofaconite in wine s u d d e n and unex- of water three times a day. of digitalis, pected. Tinct. " Signs.—The action (foxglove,) in dram of the heart may be doses, two or three unnaturally acceler- times a day, will de- the heart’s ac- ated ; its pulsations increase creasing, from 40 to tion. Stimulants, hot 100 beats per minute; foot baths, (with mus- or it may be unnatur- tard always,) hot poul- ally retarded, receding tices over'the region of from forty (natural) to the heart increase its twenty-five beats per action. Use no tobacco minute; this disturb- in any form, and very ance may be caused by little tea or coffee. the slightest exertion, Avoid sexual excess, by excitement, anger, mental depression, fright, joy, grief; al- “blue devils,” exces- most any other cause. sive study or brain The pulse seldom indi- work, and obey the cates the heart’s action, general rules of health. and the tongue remains unchanged. All the “ Melville Remedies ” can be obtained at the office of F.C. Melville, Physician and Surgeon, No. 1620 Richmond street, Philadelphia, and ships’ medicine- chests will be filled with fresh medicines at short notice. 66 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL HEMORRHAGE REMEDY. (Of the Rungs. Give the patient per Bleeding.) feet rest, in a cool, darkened ice The first room; Signs.— and cooling this disease drinks; noticed in gallic acid mixed with is a tickling sensation honey syrup, behind the or one breast-bone. dram of acid to two or It often occurs without three ounces of honey, warning. Spitting of e a s p o o n u every of red t f 1 blood, a bright thirty is said blood is minutes, color; usually be for except when it to a specific in- frothy, ternal hemorr a flows considerable h g e. in Table salt swallowed quantities, when there in teaspoonful doses is a is no froth. The popular is pale and remedy. Dry countenance and patient trem- cupping; plasters, anxious; foot baths (stimulat- ulous, often faints; useful. a later, ing) are Tie slight cough ; a bandage tightly around troublesome, hacking an arm or foot for ten cough, accompanied by or to fever, hurried breath- fifteen minutes, of stop the flow of blood. ing, and shortness For continuous blood upon slight- breath the spitting, inhale vapor est exertion. Patient of oil of turpentine, put raises pussy mucus, a small in a an offensive quantity which has flat and float rattle the dish, in smell; in and weak- warm water throat; great breathe it. ness. All the “ Melville Remedies ” can be obtained at the' office of F. C. Melville, Physician and Surgeon, No. 1620 Richmond street, Philadelphia, (take red car on Second and Third streets line,) and ships’ medicine chests will be filled with fresh medicines at short notice. AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 67 HEMORRHAGE. REMEDY. (From Wounds or Gallic acid, applied Cuts.) dry to almostany cut or almost treated wound, will in These are instance stop the like the fore- every precisely flow of blood. Cobwebs, going. Your object pulverized should be stop the alum, lint, to and flow of blood as soon collodion, many other as possible. Keep cool, things. and don’t be frightened.

HOOPING REMEDY. COUGH. (Or Put the patient in a Whooping-.) warm room, and flannel next the First stage: Signs: skin; warm drinks not slight loss of ap- which will fever; bind the the ; sneezing; red- bowels; petite chief be ness of eyes and run- aim should to at nose; frequent relieve the symptoms ning as they and cough with a pecu- appear, dry to avoid complications. liar hoop to it. Second “ ” Give syrup of squills in stage : every spell doses sets in suddenly; tick- teaspoonful every two or three ling in the throat, hours; more tincture of belladonna, cough severe, opium, morphia, with loud puffs when or breathing. This is fol- syrup of poppies in by extreme small doses; strong lowed sore- of cold coffee ness of the chest, and decoction great exhaustion; without milk or sugar. purulent discharges from the mouth and nose, with vomiting. 68 VESSEL-MASTER'S MEDICAL MANUAL occur, and sometimes involuntary flow of urine. HYDROPHOBIA. REMEDY. (Rabies.) As soon as it is This is generally the known that a person effect of the bite of a lias been bitten by a rabid or mad animal. mad animal, the place In most cases it shows should be immediately itself within two ligatured above the months after the bite. bite, and either cut out Signs.—An unde- the bitten part, or burn fined dread; giddiness; out with acid nitrate thirst; restlessness; al- of mercury. (This is ternate chills and heat; much more reliable oppression of the chest; than lunar caustic, or spasms of the muscles; nitrate of silver.) Even difficulty of breathing after three or four days, a n d s w a 11 o w ing; the bite should be choking sensation when treated in this manner. attempting to drink; Much can be accom- excessive terror and plished by coolness and fright; mortal dread of presence of mind, both water, and shivering at on the part of pa- the sight of it; an tient and attendant. abundant flow of tough Relief may be afforded stringy mucus; with by injections of mor- constant efforts to raise phia under the skin, more. These symptoms ice to the spine, in- grow rapidly worse, halations of chloroform then follow convul- and cold baths. Most sions, and often furious cases have terminated mania. fatally thus far. AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. HYSTERIA. REMEDY. (Neurosis.) In cases of females, This is a singular (unless occurring at disease, and may re- the period of puberty,) semble almost any a sudden dash of cold other. Its signs are : water over the head great emotional sensi- and face is a certain bility ; laughing; cry- cure. Ammonia to the “ ing; shouting; partial nostrils ; Melville’s loss of will-power; Counter Irritant; ” twitching of the mus- (bathe the head with it.) cles ; changes of the Warranted a sure cure. “ ” skin, goose flesh ; Galvanism ; aromatic neuralgic headache; spirits of ammonia retention, diminution, and tincture Valerian or entire suppression in equal parts, thirty of urine. During the drops in small glass fit, sighing, sobbing, of water; bromide of laughing, gesticula- potassium in ten grain tion, choking; noisy doses every two hours. and irregular breath- To very healthy girls, ing; gurgling sound in give tartar emetic in the throat; crying, the form of antimonial yawning, full discharge wine, in doses of a of urine; exhaustion ; dram, repeated two or sleep. There is seldom three times a day. Re- any frothing at the move corsets; correct mouth, and complete bad habits, change of insensibility rarely oc- scene; opium plasters, curs. Pulse is regular, and galvanic battery. and tongue natural.

All the “ Melville Remedies ” can be obtained at the office of F. C. Melville, Physician and Surgeon, No. 1620 Richmond street, Philadelphia. 70 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL INDIGESTION. (See Dyspepsia.) Page 51.

INFLAMMATION. REMEDY. I lmve experienced (Catarrh of the the best results from Bile-ducts.) small doses of calomel, say one eighth or one- — and Signs. Pain tenth of a grain rubbed soreness in the right in sugar and given every ribs; constipation; four hours a sickness the for few at stom- days; mineral waters: ach ; fever and head- —Saratoga; Vichy; ache ; in three or four Kissengen ; ice-water. days the eyes assume a Give opium to relieve yellow, jaundiced ap- the pain ; dilute nitro- pearance, which some- acid times spreads the muriatic water to over neutralize the jaundice. whole body. Later the Regulate the diet care- fever and the ceases, fully. Give milk and skin becomes cold, dry beef Avoid and harsh slow essence. ; pulse solid food, especially and feeble; tongue fatty and sweet sub- coated; great weakness; stances, until the acute urine of a brownish symptoms subside. color; faeces light col- After that, counter ored, pasty and offen- irritation; give a ca- sive. Itching of the thartic of calomel, cas- skin; yellow vision; tor oil, rhubarb and liver appears swollen; magnesia. and gall bladder sore. (General signs will vary according to the severity of the attack.) AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 71 INTERMITTENT FEVER. (See Fever and Ague, Chills and Fever.) Page 32.

INTESTINAL OB- REMEDY. STRUCTION. Give one of “ Mel- (Stoppage.) ville’s Liver Powders,” by followed by hot bath. This is produced If a passage is improper food; not thus eating make sudden internal obtained, one cold; drop of Croton oil into injuries, and other causes. four pills with bread crumb, and give one Signs.—Obstinate every half hour. This head- constipation ; is believed desire generally ache; constant be specific and have to a ; if to stool; faintness, it does exhaustion and not succeed, some- repeat until it times insensibility. The does. tongue is coated and the pulse rapid and feverish. INTESTINAL REMEDY. HEMORRHAGE. Best in bed: mustard plasters cold, or hop (Melsena.) poultices, or ice to tlie Signs.—In bad cases bowels: give alum- the face becomes very whey, freely; gallic acid pale; eyes glassy; faint- two drams, and syrup ness; rumbling sound of cinnamon four in ears; pulse weak; ounces; mix, and give or ceases at the wrist ; dessertspoonful every 72 VESSEL-MASTEE’S MEDICAL MANUAL convulsions; f a 11 i n g. two hours. Liquid sub- Death may occur before sulphate of iron one- any blood appears ex- half ounce, and lauda- ternally. If not, then num one quarter ounce. comes a desire to go to Mix, and give fifteen stool, and blood will drops every hour. pass freely.

JACK YELLOW. (Yellow Jack.) See Yellow Fever, page 54.

JAUNDICE. REMEDY. Graduate your reme- (Icterus, Morbus dies to the various Regius.) symptoms as they ap- This is a yellow ting- pear. “ Melville’s Liver ing of the skin, with Powders” are alwr ays in the coloring matter of order; or any good the bile : comes gener- liver pills. Ten grains ally from a torpid and of blue mass, followed diseased liver. Signs. by one ounce of the — General indisposi- compound syrup of tion ; loss of appetite ; rhubarb ; warm baths; sickness at stomach; leeches over the liver; vomiting; pain and laxatives after pain tenderness in the bow- subsides. Prevent re- els ; headache and gid- currence ; exclude from diness, especially when diet all sweet and fatty stooping; constipation; substances. Use lean clay - colored stools ; meats; eggs, fish, fruits, urine unnaturally col- and well cooked vege- ored ; jaundice ; yellow tables may be eaten vision, not always pres- freely. A little good AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 73 ent. A terrible itching wine may be taken, but of the skin immediately no beer, ale, porter, or after the appearance of strong liquors must be the jaundice is always indulged in. present. Dilute sul N. B.—Proper care of phuric acid is said to the liver will, in most be a specific. cases, prevent the appearance of jaundice, which always results JUNE COLD. from an over supply of (Rose Cold, Hay bile in that organ. Asthma.)—See Hay Fever, page 56. KIDNEY DIS- EASE. See Bright’s Disease, page 26. KIDNEY, REMEDIES (Cancer of the.) must be applied to the Signs.—S o r e n e s s various symptoms as and pain in the back; they arise. For the formation of tumors in cancer, little or noth- the region of the kid- ing can be done. Give light, generous, neys ; cancerous nutri- growths in other parts, tive diet. Keep up the emaciation; debility; strength, with quinine exhaustion and a feel- daily, etc., etc. ing of prostration. REMEDY. KIDNEY, MOVA- Place the patient in BLE. a recumbent position, Signs.—(This dis- and coniine the kidney ease is frequently in its place bv a proper 74 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL caused in women, by bandage. Operations numerous births; tight are sometimes resorted lacing; violence, and to, to confine the kid- other causes.) Sense of ney in its natural posi weight and dragging tion. Keep the bowels pain in walking; chilli open by means of gen- ness; vomiting; pros- tle laxatives. Attend tration ; soreness on to the urine; light diet. pressure; and general Treat symptoms as disturbance of the they occur. stomach and bowels. The right kidney is generally affected. KIDNEY NEPH- REMEDY. RITIS. When the foregoing (Tubercular,) (In- symptoms are clearly flammation.) marked and well de- (This is an inflamma- fined, the affected kid- tory state ending in ney may be removed,— tumors, tubercles and taken out, without pus. One kidney only much difficulty, and is generally diseased.) with a fair chance of Signs.—Pain and un- saving the patient’s easiness in the small of life. Most kidney dis the back ; loss of flesh, eases come stealing on and general wasting us with such silent and away; urine in time gradual approach, that becomes bloody; and they have established pus settles at the bot- their sovereignty and tom of the urinal. The “come to stay ” before testicles sometimes we are aware of it. At swell, and are sore: a the first notice, then, tumor sometimes forms begin to treat. Teas and may be felt in the of buchu and uva abdomen. Then more ursi, made like common AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 75 marked signs of inflam- breakfast tea, and par- mation appear: more taken of daily with free- pus appears in the dom ; hydrangea root, urine, and the act of one ounce to a pint of it becomes dif- water, boiled to one- ficult and painful. half pint, is said to be When the disease be- a preventative and cure comes chronic, a sub- in early stages. stance called albumen, and resembling the white of eggs, with blood and pus, appears in the urine.

LARYNGITIS, REMEDY. ACUTE. Confinement in a warm, moistroom, tem- (Inflammation of perature 68 to 7(PF.; put the Larynx.) a basin of water on the (The term “ lar- stove, that the patient ynx”*) signifies a may constantly breathe “ whistle,” and in po- the vapor ; give tinct. pular understanding aconite, two grains in signifies the throat. small glass of water, Those affected with every three hours to an laryngitis complain of adult, and one grain 44 sore throat.” to a child every four Signs.—Tickling; hours. At night, ten soreness ; pain ; hoarse- grains Dover’s Powder, ness; cough; (in chil- For cough and pain, dren) hard breathing; small doses of opium ; *The larynx is composed of cartilages, muscles, glands, and ligaments; and is designed as an air-passage in breathing. 76 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL dryness of the throat; quinine in full doses; flushed face; difficulty hot poultices (hops are ip breathing and swal- best) to the throat; or lowing ; croupy symp- bags of hot sand or salt, toms, and in severe cases or compresses of hot children sometimes water; syrup of marsh choke to death from im- mallow; warm sugar possibility to get their and water; hot milk breath. Moderate cases and Seltzer water in commence with chills equal parts: good sus- and fever. Blood stran- taining diet. No to- gulation and the forma- bacco in any form. tion of tumors are common. REMEDY. LEAD POISON- As this disease most ING. commonly occurs to (Plumfoism, Pain- painters, change of oc- ter’s Colic.) cupation may be recom- This disease generally mended. Give dilute shows itself by a black sulphuric acid ten to crust around the teeth fifteen drops in full glass Which decayvery quick- water three or four ly ; a bluish line is seen times a day ; sulphur on the gums ; a general baths ; iodide of potas- Wasting away; harsh, sium; commences with dry skin and sallow, five grains, and in- putty complexion ; eye- crease to thirty. For balls yellowish ; thirst; colic, ten grains calo- offensive breath ; pulse mel and two of opium, slow and feeble ; tongue followed by dose of coated brown a n d salts or castor oil; if slimy; severe constipa- paralysis, electricity. tion; pinehed-up belly; Give a nutritive diet; sickness at stomach and plenty ofmilk a nd other vomiting; belching of easily digested food. AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 77

wind and hiccough ; (Some physicians think headache and local pa- milk a preventative of ralysis, especially in the painter’s and plumber’s muscles of the arm and colic. The experiment wrist. After the use can be cheaply tried.) of iodide of potassium, Take sulphate of mag- (which is always indi- nesia one grain ; dfl. cated in these cases,) sulph. acid and tinct. lead may be found in hyoscyamus each twen- the urine. ty drops; camphor water two ounces. Re- peat every four hours.

LIPS, CHAPPED. REMEDIES. Also Chapped Cosmoline is gener- Hands. ally believed to be a Chapped lips may be certain and permanent caused by the presence cure for chapped lips of fever, by exposure to and hands. The fol- certain winds, and by lowing remedy we war- numerous other causes. rant : Take glycerine The hands of some per- one and a-lialf ounces, sons also chap, and rose water two and a- become sore and troub- half ounces, shake well lesome. All these evils together and rub well may be remedied with into the chapped skin. little care and expense. Nothing can be better.

LEU CORRHCE A. REMEDY. (Whites: Fluor Al- Various remedies are bus.) suggested, as syringing This is a discharge with alum water, white from the female womb oak bark, tannic acid, orvagina. A whitish or (weak solution,) etc. 78 VESSEL-MASTEK’3 MEDICAL MANUAL yellow-white discharge, But wherever so im- proceeding generally portant an organ as the from displacement of womb is involved, a the womb. All women competent physician are liable to it, wives, should be consulted at widows, maids, and once. The writer has even children. Fleshy made this subject a women are most af- special study for years, flicted with it. It is and guarantees a cure always the forerunner to all who will follow of severe womb troub- his directions. les, and should never See k - Melville’s Fam- be neglected for one ily Medicines.” hour. It produces great weakness.

RIVER, ABSCESS REMEDY. OF. Give fifteen grains of (Hepatic Abscess.) quinine every four In this disease, the hours while the patient skin generally becomes is awake. (As a gen- dry and harsh, head- eral rule, never awaken aches, bilious vomit- a patient to administer ing; pains in back and medicine: sleep is by limbs, chilliness; some far the best medicine fever, and night he can have.) Opium sweats; prostration; in one-half grain doses wasting away; and every six or eight hours sometimes diarrhoea to relieve pain. Tur- and dysentery. Cir- pentine drafts over the cumstances over which seat of the abscess; neither patient nor and if pus collects, open physician have any and let it out; care- control frequently in- fully cleaning the pus- dicate absorption of cavity: apply blisters. AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUILE. 79 the abscess. In such leeches, alkalies, pur- cases, the above-men- gatives. (In warm and tioned symptoms sub- infected countries, give side; on the other hand, chloride of ammonia they increase: the in fifteen grain doses tongue is coated, and twice a day as preventa- yellowish brown. Pulse tives.) Let the diet be irregular — sometimes nutritive, and strength- increasing—sometimes ening. Milk punch ; retarding; dry cough; egg-nog: good port or difficult breathing; sherry wine, whiskey every movement be- or brandy in small comes painful, and quantities. every bone in the system seems sore. Special pain in one or both shoulders. LIVER, SHRINK- REMEDY. ING OF. This disease is fre- (Malignant Jaun- quently the result of dice.) catarrh of the stomach; yellow fever ; childbed Signs. —Headache ; fever; chronic jaun- loss of appetite; sick- dice, and other kindred ness at stomach ; vom- diseases. All of which iting ; soreness in the see. Deal with the bowels; constipation; various symptoms of jaundiced appearance, this disease as they gradually increasing; arise : The brain symp- slight fever. As the toms are met with the disease advances, the use of bromide of potas- tongue becomes dry sium orchloral hydrate, and coated brown; in doses which the pulse extremely irregu- symptomsrequire. Give lar, varying from 75 to syrup of the phosphates 80 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL 1-50 beats per minute. in teaspoonful doses The breath becomes every two hours; foul, and the stomach sponge baths nightly; ejects a coffee colored generous, light diet, discharge; soreness in and alcoholic stimu- the kidney region ; size lants in cases of feeble of liver decreases; in heart action. Always some cases so rapidly give great attention to that it may be observed cleanliness and ventila- from day to day. The tion : this is the soul constipation is fre- of sick-room religion. quently followed by a Wm. It. Warner’s free discharge of tarry- “Syrup of the Phos- looking matter from phates” is pure and the bowels; (intestinal reliable. hemorrhage,) urine contains blood. LIVER, CONGES- REMEDY. TION OF. As soon as the gen- (Hyperaemia of the eral symptoms of this Liver.) disease appear, put the patient in bed and give

Sig’ns. — Weariness, one of “Melville’sLiver listlessness, aching of Powders,” cool lemon- the limbs; headache; ade as a drink. Give nausea; great heat at citrate of magnesia or night; soreness of the Congress water; poul- bowels and stomach; tices of hops, or turpen- tongue coated with yel- tine drafts over the lowish mucus; pulse liver; hot cloths; hot languid, and irregular; salt or sand bags; muddy aspect of the sponge bath, leeches to complexion; stomach the region over the generally in an unset- liver. If malaria, use tled condition; urine quinine in ten grain AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 81 contains unnatural doses threeor four times colored matter, some- a day. Extreme care times whitish, at others of the diet; no sweet reddish; and sometimes or starchy food for in severe cases vomit- months. Give good ing of bile, and similar lean rare beefsteak or discharges from the mutton-chops, roast- anus. The eyes become beef rare; few vegeta- dull and lustreless; bles. Small quantity bile is detected in every Rhine wine. Also part of the system, and Warner’s “ Syrup of the a general all-broken-up- Phosphates ” freely. ative-ness i s experienced. Ambition is lost. LOCK-JAW. REMEDY. (Tetanus, Trismus.) Ascertain the cause Signs.—Stiffness in and remove it asquickly the back of the neck, as possible. If caused and constant twinges by a wound, cut, or of pain; difficulty in cauterize it; divide an talking and in swallow- injured nerve. Chloral ing ; rigid spasmodic hydrate ten grains, action of the muscles with bromide of potas- of the jaw; extending sium fifteen grains may to the neck, chest and be given every three even to the limbs; great hours. Some use in- rigidity of all the vol- jections under the skin, untary muscles, except chloral ten or fifteen those of the hands, to twenty-five or thirty tongue and eyeballs; grains; opium in full the mouth becomes doses; inhalation of elongated; breathing chloroform. (In admin- very difficult and swal- istering chloroform, lowing almost impos- always mix one-eighth 82 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL sible; spasmodic pria- spirits turpentine with pism. The face becomes the chloroform to pre- anxious, distressed and vent the stopping of terror-stricken; death the heart’s action.) occurs from impossi- Whiskey or brandy to bility of breathing, or drunkenness; vapor exhaustion. Tempera- baths; absolute quiet; ture and pulse arise nutritious diet, when it very high. can be taken.

LUNGS, CON- REMEDY. SUMPTION OP. If circumstances permit, a n immediate (Pulmonary Con- change of air and cli- sumption.) mate is recommended. This is a state of If not, daily gentle ex- chronic inflammation ercise in the open air ; of the lungs which may perfect ventilation; result from various tepid baths every morn- causes. ing, (morning is always Signs.—Dry hack- the best time for bathing cough ; dull, linger- ing,) and a good stimu- ing pain in the side, lating diet. Take no generally left side ; cod-liver oil. Eat good hectic fever, with rapid rare beef and mutton, loss of flesh and with plenty of well- strength ; decadence cooked vegetables, with of appetite; great weak- milk, tea, coffee, small ness ; aversion to exer- quantities of stimu- tion ; loss of temper; lants, as whiskey, fretfulness. Tongue brandy and good native covered with a nasty wines: syrup of the whitish coat; pulse phosphates, quinine in generally unnaturally ten grain (.loses, or rapid and jerky; voice Dover’s Powder ten becomes hoarse or grains at night. For AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 83 husky; night sweats; night sweats, dilute rise of temperature; nitro-muriatic acid unsteadiness of gait; twenty drops in pint of changeful ness of water drank freely,and tastes; distrust of a lunch at night. everybody ; disposition to find fault; entire loss of energy and ambition. MALARIA. REMEDY. (Malarial Fever, Get out of the mala- Camp Fever.) rial district as soon as This is a compound possible ; give full doses form of disease, aris- of quinine, and see to ing from miasma, in the sewerage and ven- low and damp locali- tilation ; full diet, and ties; malarial poison; separation where cro wd i n g h um an bein gs crowding has been together without suffi- practised; even tem- cient ventilation ; pri- perature ; and flannel vation, want of proper next the skin; adopt food and other causes; the same remedies as in signs are very similar “ Chills andFever.” to those of fever and ague, and typhoid types. MEASLES. REMEDIES. (Morbilli, Rubeola.) Keep the patient by This disease is mostly himself; rest in bed; confined to children. darken and ventilate Signs are weariness; the room; keep even soreness of the muscles; temperature 70° F.; pains in the head and warm drinks to drive 84 VESSEL-MASTER'S MEDICAL MANUAL back ; heat; languor; out the rash; avoid irritability; restless- draughts; keep the* ness. About the fourth bowels open and regu- day a rash appears, lar ; milk diet; if rest- which spreads over the less and wakeful, three entire person; fades or four grains Dover’s within two days and Powder at night; tepid leaves a coppery shade. sponge baths daily. Adults are rarely at- MANIA A POTU. tacked with measles; See Delirium Tre- and when such attacks mens, page do occur, great care 22. must be taken to prevent taking cold. It is MIGRAINE. almost always fatal. (Sick Headache.) See Headache, page 64. MUMPS. REMEDY. (Parotitis.) Keep the patient in Signs.—Some chilli- the house and in bed ness and fever; head- in severe cases. Open ache ; thirst; loss of the bowels first, and appetite; vomiting (in then keep them regular. some cases;) soreness Paint with iodine at and swelling of the first appearance. glands (parotid,) under Sponge baths (warm) the ears, extending for- daily. Give tinct. of ward and upward on the aconite, in two or three face, and downward to drop doses, every two and upon the neck. The or three hours. Abscess voice is mu filed, and must be poulticed with speech difficult ; swell- slippery elm bark and ing reaches its height flaxseed meal, and in three to five days. In opened at the proper adults, (men,) swelling time. If the testicles AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 85 of the testicles is very swell, apply hot hop liable to occur. And poultices with lauda- in females the breasts, num. Light diet, milk, lips of the birth-place beef tea, chicken broth, and uterus may be af- eggs, etc., etc. fected.

MYELITIS. REMEDY. Absolute rest; dry (Inflammation o f cupping the spine; the Spinal Cord.) over avoid lying on the back; Signs.—A sense of place hot applications constriction, (binding, to the back, every three as with a belt,) around or four hours ; mustard the entire body above plasters the entire the hips ; pain and sore- length of the spine; ness of limbs; twitch- give from three to five ing, tremors, and grains of quinine every spasms in certain three or four hours, or groups of muscles ; rest- o n e-q u arte r to one- lessness; paralysis of half grain of bella- motion; irritability, donna every four hours; with loss of power over give a full, nutritious the bladder and rec- diet; plenty of beef and tum; shrinking of the mutton, milk, ripe muscles; urine pussy or fruits, and well-cooked streaked with blood; vegetables. (Some phy- obstinate constipation ; sicians recommend al- breath foul and fetid ; coholic stimulants. My tongue covered with a experience condemns grayish coat; pulse ir- them entirely.) Bathe regular; sometimes with alcohol to prevent fifty, sometimes one bed sores; and never hundred and fifty; com- allow pressure on one plexion sallow; eyes part long at a time. lusterless; dull, linger- 86 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL ing pain in the back, Two parvules of sides, and in the region podophyllin, adminis- of the bladder. tered three times a day, will reestablish and regulate the peristaltic NEPHRITIS. action and relieve hab- (Renal Conges- itual constipation, add tion.) tone to the liver, and (See Bright’s Dis- invigorate the digestive ease, First Stage, functions. For sale by page 20.) Wm. R. Warner & Co., 1228 Market Street.

NAUSEA. REMEDY. (Sickness at Stom- Aromatic spirits of ach, desire to ammonia; citrate of vomit.) magnesia ; lime water and sweet milk in equal This is more a symp- parts. (To make lime tom of a disease than water, put one ounce the disease itself, and of unslacked lime in a occurs in a great many pint of boiled water, of the diseases to which and let stand until it humanity is heir. As- settles, and pour off certain the cause, which into bottle and cork may be the eating of tightly for use.) Take unsuitable food or a good purgative or suitable food at un- emetic. Fifteen drops suitable time; heat of wine of ipecac in table- the sun ; nervousness; spoonful of water. pregnancy; over-exertion and ten thousand other causes.

Any of Dr. Melville’s Remedies will be sent to vessels when ordered by mail, C. O. D. AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 87 NIGHT SWEATS. REMEDY. Like the above, this Sleep in flannel, in a is rather a symptom well-ventilated room ; than an independent warm sponge baths disease. It is always (salt water) at night accompanied with great and cold (with friction) weakness, and loss of in the morning; elixir appetite, and leads to of vitriol twenty drops numberless evils. Check in half pint water three it promptly. times in a day, and cold sage tea freely.

NERVOUSNESS. REMEDY. This is not a disease, Remove the cause: but a whole family of search well into your diseases, and an ex- personal habits; and ceedingly numerous correct what is wrong family at that. It is there. Renounce the caused by all sorts of fashions and follies of violations of the laws society and live like an of health, and all sorts accountable Christian. of people are afflicted “ Resist the devil (of with it. It is indicated fashion,) and he will in an unusual number flee from you.” Live of different ways. The a regular life, devote use of tobacco; the the day to its duties, excessive use of tea and and the night to sleep; coffee, opium, arsenic, take daily gentle exer- and other narcotic cise in the open air; poisons; in ladies, tight a good bath in the lacing, womb troubles, morning; rub the skin change of life, and until a glow appears; numerous other causes, quit alcoholic stimu- produce an utter pros- lants, opium, and tration of the nervous tobacco in all their 88 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL system: then follow forms; drink no green dyspepsia, sick head- tea. Take a generous ache, derangement of diet of beef and mutton, the stomach, palpita- milk, and fruits and tion of the heart; en- vegetables. Keep reg- tire prostration. ular hours, and above all, a clear conscience.

NEURALGIA. REMEDY. (Tic Douloureux.) Remove any local irri- There are various tating cause. I f caused species of neuralgia; by decaying teeth, have or, more correctly, as them taken out; attend applied to the various to the general health; nerves. Signs.—Neu- avoid exposure to ralgic pain is generally | draughts, and sudden confined to the affected I atmospheric changes. nerve and its branches; If caused by malaria, shooting pains, at ir- rheumatism, gout, regular intervals; pain syphilis, or metallic in shoulder, arm and poisons, give quinine, hand of one side ; some- arsenic, iron, opium, times in the breasts morphia, aconite, in (females;) an eruption small but oft repeated which creeps over the doses. “'Melville’s surface of the skin ; it Magic NenralgiaCure,” frequently attacks the (large bottles, one nerves of the jaws, dollar.) is warranted particularly w here to relieve any case of there is decayed teeth, neuralgia in ten min- and the pain in such utes. “Thompson’s So- casesamounts to agony. lution of Phosphorus” Sleep is out of the ques- is good. Take quinine tion ; the sufferer is two drams, morphia too angry to eat, and three grains, strych- AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 89 life for the time being nia two grains, arse- becomes a burden. nious acid three grains. Verily, he loseth his Make sixty pills, three temper. daily. When neuralgia is OPHTHALMIA. caused by syphilis, as is See Eye Disease many times the case, patient should at once Page 52. consult a competent physician, as he may OBSTRUCTION, otherwise do himself (Intestinal.) lasting injury. See Stoppage Page 71.

OZ-ZENA. REMEDIES. (Chronic Nasal Ca- Cleanse the passages tarrh.) of the nose, and loosen Signs.— In term p- and remove the secre- tion of breathing tions ; wash out the through the nose ; with nasal passages with offensive yellowish warm water one pint, mucous discharge ; of- tinct. arnica five drops; fensive breath ; (pa- use one-half at each tients may detect it application. Common themselves;) ulcera- salt, teaspoonful to a tion ; decay of the pint of water; iodine cartilages of the nose; two to five drops (as serious injury to, or the tenderness of the perhaps entire destruc- passage will bear) to a tion of, the sense of pint of water, or per- smell; large lumps of manganate of potas- offensive mucus of a sium two to five grains greenish color are often to pint of (always tepid) thrown into the throat water: apply with a 90 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL by forced breathing “ cotton-mop ” an oint- through the nose and ment, of cosmoline five are coughed up; if parts, pulv. arnica neglected, the other leaves one part. organ s—-throat and lungs —may become diseased.

PALPITATION REMEDY. (Of the Heart.) The following pre-

“ scription is See also Heart Dis- highly Page recommended : — Take ease,” 65. tinct. digitalis two “Palpitation” is the drams, tinct. aconite form of heart disease root andt inct. Ameri- most commonly noted can hellebore of each and treated by domes- one dram; mix, and give tic means. It occurs three or four drops generally between the three times a day. ages of fifteen and Aloin Parvule, II. forty five, and both 1 10 gr.—A most desir- sexes are equally liable. able cathartic. Doses four to six at once. This number taken at once PALSY. will be found to exert (“Bell’s Palsy.’’) an easy, prompt and ample cathartic effect See Paralysis, below . r unattended with nausea, and in all respects PAINTER’S producing a most desir- COLIC. able aperient and ca- See Cramps, page 39. thartic result.

Any of Dr. Melville’s Remedies will be sent to vessel* when ordered by mail, C. O. D. AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 91 PARALYSIS. REMEDY. (Duclienne’s Pa- Give tonics, as soon ralysis.) as the disease is known Signs .—Weakness to exist. Use cold of the muscles; awk- sponge baths with con- ward swaggering gait; stant friction. Cut the patient walks with his hair close and shampoo legs spread apart. the head: give ten Numbness and loss of grains of quinine and sensation in the back, one-sixtieth of a grain arms, trunk and some- of strychnia, three times face; difficulty times a day. Full, of arising from sitting generous diet and elec- posture; claw-like de- tricity. formity of the toes; and in the end, utter helplessness.

PERITONITIS. REMEDY. (Inflammation of Give opium to relieve the ; tlie Peritoneum.) pain put turpentine drafts above the If primary, the first pubes; let the turpen- Signs are, generally, tine remain on five or slight chills and fever; six minutes, then re- severe pains in the move and put on hot 1 o w e r a b d o m e n ; mush poultices; qui- marked stiffness of the nine in large doses at muscles of the belly; first (suy twenty grains) vomiting; intense pain, and smaller doses (ten commencing above the g r a i ns) afterwards : pubes, and rapidly ex- diet liquid and cool; tending over the abdo- at same time strength- men ; cutting pains in- ening. Absolute rest. creased by the slightest The treatment of 92 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL touch; fever; prostra- chronic peritonitis is tion ; short breath ; governed solely by the tongue red and slightly state of • the disease ; coated ; pulse feverish tonic treatment is gen- and irregular, during erally indicated, with the intense pain snap- iodine, or iodine and py ; constipation;urine oil, (ten grains of iodine scanty and highly col- to an ounce of oil;) ored ; countenance anx- nutrients and stimu- ious and pinched; lants as diet. eyes surrounded by livid circles;' skin wrinkled; corpse-like odor; voice husky; may be delirious; or clear. PILES. REMEDY. Open the bowels free- (Haemorrhoids, ly with “ Melville’s Bleeding Piles.) Liver Powder,” or Signs.—At first, a some good cathartic slight itching sensa- pills. Then give of the tion, in and around the oil of the erigeron cana- fundament; a sense of densis ten drops in a heat and fulness of the tablespoonful of milk rectum ; a dull heavy twice a day: (this herb weight in the lower is commonly known as part of back and in the Canada fleabane ; colts- region of the belly ; un- tail, horse-weed, etc., easiness in sitting or etc.) This is regai'ded walking about; great by many southern phy- agony in passing the sicians as a specific for stools; the rectum be- piles. A good pile comes swollen, tender, salve is made with six and can scarcely be parts of cosmoliue, and A1TD FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 93 touched; intense two of tannic acid. throbbing and pulsa- Give a light, easily tion in those parts; digested diet; use no tumors; when these alcoholic stimu- break, and discharge lants, nor beer nor their contents, relief tobacco. Take gen- quickly follows until tle exercise in the open new tumors form. air daily, and warm Internal piles are en- sponge baths. larged veins, and at each stool the rectum appears to turn inside- out, and must be re- placed with the finger. PRAGUE. REMEDY. that the Pesti- See patient’s (Pestis, is thoroughly lentia.) room ventilated; open the This disease closely bowels freely; then resembles our typhus give stimulants; tonics fever, in its appearance; and mineral acids ; the but is distinguished diet should be nutri- from it by the absence tious, consisting of of a rash, and the pres- beef, mutton, milk and ence of buboes and fruits; cold sponge biles. It is prevalent baths daily; paint in most of the ports of buboes and carbuncles the West India Islands, with iodine and scatter and of South America. them if possible: if Signs.—A low fever; not, apply poultices; chills; restlessness; avoid putridity; scat- headache ; giddiness ; ter chloride of lime pains in the muscles; around the ship or great thirst; vomiting room, and give the and diarrhoea, with of- patient to drink, dilute 94 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL fensive stools; hurried muriatic acid, fifteen breathing; foul breath; drops in a pint of water, eyes muddy and some- to be drank freely. For times bloodshot; pulse any further directions increased, but weak, for treatment, see Ty- and irregular; tongue phus Fever. thickly coated, and be- One of the most im- comes dry, brown and portant items in the nearly black ; urine treatment of plague is scanty, sometimes the prompt removal of stops; delirium; the patient’s fasces. stupor; convulsions; This must be attended death. to without delay, as the health of all present PULMONARY depends upon it. CONSUMPTION. —See L u n g Com- plaint, page 82.

POISONING. In case of swallowing poisons (by children) it is always well to know how to act promptly: in another place I will give more full directions for this important treatment. Always keep ground mustard seed in the house, and in all cases of poisoning, give a spoonful in a glass of warm water. The following are a few of the most common poisons, as well as the most common and easily obtained remedies: Arsenic, and all arsenical preparations; give freely warm water, and warm new milk; teaspoonful white vitriol, in warm water; white of eggs, gruel and flaxseed tea. For Autimonial Poisoning- (tartar-emetic), AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 95 give tannic acid; strong decoction of green tea; oak bark; Peruvian bark; a grain of opium, or thirty drops of laudanum, in sweetened water; repeat every half hour. For Mercury in all its forms of poison, give teaspoonful of saleratus in warm water, (cup full;) whites of eggs; flour and water, fresh milk ; weak lye. For Strychnine (mix vomica and dog but- ton), give quick emetic; spirits camphor; chloroform. For Oxalic Acid, give powdered chalk; magnesia and water; lime-water ; oil; afterwards cathartic. Prussic Acid. This poison is so active that it is almost impossible to find a remedy rapid enough to arrest it. Itemedy : Inject chlorine into the stomach ; or oxide of iron; apply ice to the spine ; galvanic battery. Nitric and Sulphuric Acids (oil of vitriol and aqua fortis), give freely magnesia or chalk and water; strong soap-suds; wood ashes and sweet milk; don’t use too much water. For Copper Poisoning- (blue vitriol, or blue stone), give white of eggs; vinegar; very strong coffee; saleratus water ; sweet milk and an emetic. For Nitrate of Silver Poisoning (lunar caustic), give salt and water; sweet milk ; castor and sweet oils. ForAlkalies (caustic potash, ammonia, lime, Note.—According to the Scientific Californian an instantaneous remedy in cases ofpoisoning consists of a heaping teaspoonful of salt and the same quantity of ground mustard stirred in a teacup of warm or cold water and swallowed instantly. 96 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL

etc.), give vinegar freely; flaxseed tea; milk ; sweet oil; lard ; lard oil. For Lead. Poisoning (red lead, sugar of lead, etc.), give Epsom salts ; plaster of Paris ; magnesia ; brisk emetics. For Opium Poisoning (laudanum, morphia, etc.), give a prompt emetic ; afterwards, very strong coffee or tea ; tinct. nut galls; use stomach pump and force the patient to walk. For other Narcotic Poisons (baneberries, tobacco, wild parsley, nightshade, hemlock, jimson weed, etc., etc.), give mustard emetic ; fresh milk ; sweet oil; strong coffee; dash cold water in the face; keep the patient awake and moving around. For CantharidalPoisoning (Spanish flies), give large doses of sweet oil; spirits of camphor; sweet milk; injections of starch water, or camphor water ; drink freely of flaxseed tea; injections of spirits. General liule. After poisons that cause vomiting, pain in the stomach, and purging, give fresh milk ; whites of raw eggs ; sweet oil; butter ; chalk ; magnesia, etc., etc. After acid poisons, give alkalies, as saleratus, lime water, weak lye, etc., etc. After poisons that produce raving, delirium, or sleepiness, give emetics and stimulants, such as camphor, strong coffee, mustard water, and keep the patient wide awake by any and every means in your power. When you are ignorant of what the patient has taken, and consequently do not know what to give, it is always safe to give a mixture of red oxide of iron, pulv. charcoal and magnesia, in equal parts in teaspoonful doses, mixed in a cup of warm water every thirty minutes or oftener. AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 97 also give large doses of sweet oil. Always bear in mind that olive oil is an antidote for all vegetable and animal poisons, and for many of the mineral poisons also; therefore never be without it on shipboard and in the house. Give it freely.

PLEURISY. REMEDY. (Pleuritis, Inflam- Put the patient in mation of the bed, and if a strong, Pleura.) healthy subject, bleed, leech or cup him; then Signs. — Chilliness; give opium in doses fever; short dry cough; sufficient to neutralize sharp, cutting pain the pain: quinine for under the nipple of the three or four days ; cool affected side, which is saline drinks; keep the increased by breathing; bowels open; give sickness at the stom- tinct. aconite root one- ach ; sometimes vomit- half drop every fifteen ing ; pulse increased minutes for two hours in rapidity, but hard —then once an hour for and small; tongue four oi; six hours ; hop brown, or whitish poultices; mustard brown; diminished plasters; turpentine breathing; grating drafts;blisters; iodine. sound of the breath; (This should be ap- disposition to favor the plied when the pain is affected side; second first felt, and the attack stage, excessive sweat- will be much lighter.) ing and breaking out, Nutritious liquid diet; and pain continues; keep the patient in- signs more marked; doors, until the exuda- pectoral vibrations (if tion is absorbed. any) cease in the third Turpentine drafts are stage. As the fluid is applied as follows: wet 98 VESSEL-MASTEK’S MEDICAL MANUAL absorbed, the signs a piece of flannel seem to appear in an (white) six inches entirely reversed order. square in turpentine, squeeze dry and lay PYROSIS. over the seat of the pain with a hot mush (Formerly Gan- poultice on top. Re- grene, Burn.) move the turpentine in See Water -Brash, six minutes and let the page 135. poultice remain. QUINSY. REMEDY. (Cynanche Tonsil- Avoid sudden colds ; laris. ) wet feet; damp sleeping rooms; cold cur- Signs.—Sore throat; rents of air ; and other pain and difficulty in causes. On the first swallowing; redness, in- appearance of the dis- flammation, and swell- ease, paint under the ing of the tonsils; dry ears with iodine, and throat; hoarseness; take a smart emetic of difficulty in breathing; tinct.lobelia and ipecac fever; tongue foul, in equal parts; tea- covered with dark, spoonful every twenty crusty coat; pulse minutes until vomiting quick, jerky and irreg- is produced. Drink ular ; hearing becomes warm sage tea through- deficient; sometimes out; vapor of hops, deafness occurs; severe wormwood, hoar- symptoms increase; hound, and catnip swallowing becomes steamed in vinegar, almost impossible; suf- and inhaled into the focation seems immi- lungs, hot as can be nent. The “almonds borne, will give imme- of the ears,” as some diate relief; make a persons term the ton- liniment of one ounce AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 99 sils, are down, and the each, of sweet oil, sas- disease sometimes ends safras oil, tinct. cay- in ulcers, which gather enne and spirits turpen- and break. tine and rub the throat. QUAIN’S DIS- Aloin, Parv.— 1-10 EASE. gr. —Med. prop. — A See Heart Disease. most desiiable cathartic. Dose.—Four to RABIES. six at once. This See Hydrophobia. number of parvules, taken at any time, will RELAXING be found to exert an FEVER. easy, prompt, and am- Fevers ple cathartic effect, un- See Gener- attended with ally. nausea, and in all respects REMITTENT furnishing the most FEVER. desirable aperient and cathartic preparation See Bilious Feyer, in use. For habitual page 25. constipation, itreplaces ABSCESS. when taken in single RENAL parvules, the various See Kidney Dis- medicated waters,with- ease, page 26. out the quantity which they require as a dose, RHEUMATIC which fills the stomach GOUT. and deranges the diges- See Gout, page 63. tive organs. Wm. R. Warner & Co., 1228 RHEUMATIC Market street. FEVER. See Rheumatism, Acute and Ciiron- 100 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL RHEUMATISM, REMEDY. CHRONIC. Avoid exposure; live Signs.—Joints be- regularly; and wear come swollen and stiff; flannel next the skin ; locomotion impeded; baths, warm, vapor, dull pain in joints, in- hot air, Turkish ; full “ creased at night; mus- diet and tonics ; Mel- ” cles shrink away; tem- ville’s Elixir of Life; per becomes wiry, in quinine ; tinct. of iron : consequence of sleep- muriate of ammonia; potassium- lessness ; feet some- iodide of timesswell. (See Acute colchicum, etc., etc. Rheumatism.)

RHEUMATISM, REMEDY. ACUTE. Avoid all exposure: Signs. —Weariness; rest in bed, and sleep restlessness; soreness between blankets; wrap and stiffness; thirst; all the joints in raw constipation ; great and cotton ; chest also; diet, increasing heat; urine milk, beef-tea, mutton- scanty and feverish; broth at regular inter pulse full and strong, vals; drink barley

Note.—"Rheumatism. Among the recently discovered remedies for this terrible disease, none have been more successful than that known as “ Arturosia.” It is not a secret remedy, but is compounded of well- known ingredients, ami is pleasant to the taste, and harmonious to the stomach. It acts much more promptly than many other remedies, and is not very expensive. William R. Warner & Co., 1228 Market St., Philadelphia, are agents for the sale of it, and physicians’ supplies generally. AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 101 ranging from 85 to 120 water and lemonade beats per minute; freely; give bicarbonate tongue coated with of soda, one to two moist, creamy fur, or dramsevery four hours; dry, brown and fur- quarter grain of opium rowed ; brick-dust sed- every four hours ; lem- iment in the urine, and on juice freely ; ten sometimes resembling grains of quinine every the white of an egg ; six hours, alternating excessive pain at night; with ten grain doses of almost entire sleepless- iodide of potassium; ness, and in rare cases warm sponge baths, and delirium ; one or more as much friction as can joints are inflamed ; it be borne. If pain con- is hot, swollen, tender tinues, apply hot hop and painful, especially poultices with lauda- at night; it sometimes num or belladonna, and suddenly disappears use chloroform lini- from one place and ap- ment. pears in another; and relapses are common.

RICKETS. REMEDY. (Rachitis.) Attend to the child’s This is a disease of food; mix one quarter childhood, and is man- of lime water with the ifested by crookedness milk, and cream and of the long bones; sugar should be the crooked spine; protrud- principal diet—goat’s ing belly ; big head and milk ; beef-tea ; milk enlargement of spleen pudding; bathe often and liver; accompanied in warm salt water; by general debility. The friction; bandage the signs are not clearly bones, and put in defined, but the disease splints. For gastric 102 VESSEL-MASTEE’S MEDICAL MANUAL

makes its presence fever give “ Golding known by a quick and Bird’s Remedy,” or irregular pulse, and small doses ofmagnesia, brown coated tongue; followed with castor temper becomes frac- oil; pepsin and calasaya; tious, dull and peevish; wine of iron; mineral profuse sweating about waters; phosphorus in the head and neck, es- doses of one hundredth pecially during sleep; of a grain twice a day ; enlargement of the “ Syrup of the Phos- veins ; pains in limbs; phates,” (Warner’s); soreness of the body; should there be indica- restlessness at night; tions of throat troubles, urine increased, and treat them on their first generally limy; bones appearance. Change of enlarge; spine curved; scene and sea-air. bones bent; teeth retarded; debilitated; helpless.

RINGWORM, REMEDY. (Herpes Circina- The bowels should be tus.) moved with a gentle lax- This is a cutaneous ative; a tepid bath in or skin disease, which which one ounce of at times becomes ex- powdered borax is dis- ceedingly troublesome solved, or an equal to children, particular- amount of bicarbonate ly to young children. It (baking) soda ; dry with is caused in many in- a soft linen towel. An stances by neglect of infallible cure is said to proper treatment dur- be, tobacco,two ounces, ing infancy, and in well boiled in a pint of other cases it appears water; add vinegar one to be hereditary, ap- gill, and strong lye one AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. pearing at an early age, gill; wash the eruption and in an aggravated four to six times daily. form, and rendering Tobacco, however, is a the life of the child dangerous agent, and miserable. It is more must be used with great frequent in warm cli care. Castor oil oint- mates than in colder ment is excellent; as is countries. It runs in balsam of Peru, blood curved and sometimes root and celandine. in nearly circularlines; Make a circle outsidb and when the blood is the sore with a sharp overheated the itching needle. Don’t cut the and burning is almost skin. intolerable. Should the ringworm result from impurity of ROSEOLA. the blood, as is some- (Rubeola, German times the case, give Measles.) syrup of stillingia four in which put page ounces, See Measles, 83. iodide of potassium two drams. Dose, teaspoon- RUPTURE ful three times a day. (of the Heart.) Incurable. Death sudden and certain. SALIVATION. REMEDY. (Ptyalism, Mercu- If from mercury, and rial Rheumatism.) it generally is, stop it: Not a disease cor- take of sulphur two rectly, but a Sign, ounces, cream of tartar and a very dangerous one ounce, mix with and painful sign. Its honey or molasses into existence is manifest by a paste; teaspoonful an uneasy, grumbling three times a clay, until sensation of the teeth ; the bowels are well 104 VESSEL-MASTER'S MEDICAL MANUAL

tender sore gums; swol- opened ; gargle of sage len tongue; ulceration and golden-seal tea; of the throat; profuse dilute nitro-muriatic discharge of saliva or acid, twenty-five drops spittle; in secondary in half pint or pint cases, or where the water ; wash the mouth original symptoms are freely; as soon as the neglected, the bones be- teetli can be used, chew come affected and sore; gold thread ; hydrastin a general state of wast- is claimed to be an al- ing away; great debil- most certain cure; keep ity ; pulse feeble and the bowels open, and fluttering; tongueswol- take a nutritious diet. len and covered by a grayish nasty mucus; breath foul, and sickening. SCARLATINA. REMEDY. (Scarlet Fever.) Put the patient in a There are several va- room alone; ventila- rieties of this fever; as, tion ; great attention to simple, malignant, la- personal and general tent, eruptive, etc., cleanliness; tinct. aco- etc. I shall confine my- nite root, one-half drop self principally to the in teaspoonful water, simple variety, as that every two hours ; keep is by far the most com- the bowels open ; iced mon and dangerous. water, lemonade, bar- Scarlet fever runs its ley water as drinks; course with great regu- sponge the skin three larity : it is easily dis- or four times a day with tinguished from mea- tepid water ; after the sles by the absence of rash is over, warm cough, and by the spots baths daily; for sore being smaller and of a throat, inhale steam. AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 105 brighter red color. The gargle hot milk and tongue is white at first water; suck ice; hot with a red edge; then a n d moist flannel red with a white edge; around the neck; pint pulse increased and of water to one dram fluttering; fever; sore of Condy’s fluid, to throat, red rash, or bathe the throat; should blotches, appear after the ulcers be severe the second day ; first on touch them with acid face and neck ; then on nitrate o f mercury; person. Third day the give a nourishing diet; entire surface of the mutton and chicken body is of a bright red broths; tonics; syrup color, hot and dry. of the phosphates, Vomiting; headache; stimulants; good wine. pulse increases 140 beats; ulceration of throat. Contagious. Note.—An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure. In no way is the wisdom of prevention more apparent than in dealing with disease. In these advanced days of medical science physicians are giving as much attention to the prevention of disease asto its treatment. It is with this end in view that they urge the importance of sanitary measures—the necessity of proper ventilation,perfectdrainage, wholesome food and judicious clothing. But particularly are their efforts directed to the repression of contagious diseases, and especially to those which are incident to childhood. Among these none is so much dreaded as scarlet fever, and justly, too, for none of the eruptive diseases is so fatal in its results. It is, then, desirable that every one should know how best to check its progress, and that they should faithfully and conscientiously make use of such knowledge for the protection of humanity. A writer in a foreign newspaper gives some rules calculated to limit the spread ofscarlet fever, which appear to be reasona- 106 VESSEL-MASTEK’S MEDICAL MANUAL hie. Moreover, their application is simple, and may be carried out in the poorest house. His theory is to disinfect the patient instead of waiting until the bed, car- pets, clothing and surroundingair are impregnated with the germs of disease. He says that first the congested skin should be kept soft and pliant, and should be soothed with warm baths. Bathing the child in water of a temperature of ninety degrees is recommended, which tends to cool the feverish skin and predisposes to sleep. At the same time it washes away any loose particles of skin, and prevents too free peeling by moistening the surface. After the bath a medicated ointment should be gently rubbed over the entire body. This lessens the production of scales, and at the same time renders harmless those which form. Asa formula for compounding the ointment best suited for this purpose he others the following : Thirty grains of carbolic acid, ten grains of thymol, one dram of vaseline and as much simple ointment as will make the whole up to an ounce. The odor of this is not unpleasant, while it retains its greasiness for a considerable time after being applied. It should be smeared on in the morning, as well as at night, after the bath. As soon as the patient is well enough—we assume not until the twenty-first day of the fever is past—one or two washings with carbolic soap, in which process the hair should be in- cluded, is recommended. This, our authority says, will remove all traces ofinfection. The bed and body linen should be put as soon as they are removed from the person in a tub filled with water in which a large tablespoonfulof carbolic acid has been dissolved, after which they can be removed from the room and washed without danger of spreading the disease to others. This method, says the writer, has been thoroughly tested under the most crucial conditions, which all indicate “ that it is possible to very materially limit the contagiousness of scarlet fever by simple means, and thus to more or less completely control the spread of the disease." AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 107 SEA-SICKNESS. REMEDY. A nervous disease, Before starting upon generally affecting per- a sea-voyage, a full close sons at sea : Signs.— of “ Melville’s Magic Headache; sickness at Liver Powder ” will stomach ; desire with- obviate the most severe out the ability to vomit; symptoms of sea-sick- hunger without the ness. Bromide of soda, ability to eat; swim- thirty or forty grains ming in the head ; diz- in a tumbler of water, ziness; diarrhoea; taken three times a day Hashes of heat; chilli- for three or four days ness; darting pains; a after sailing, is excel- sensation of “gone- lent ; larger doses say ness” at the pit of the sixty to eighty grains, stomach ; complete loss are recommended as a of ambition; loss of cure. The best remedy u appetite ; indigestion; is a good cleaning sour stomach; foul out,” when the patient eructations; bilious- will feel like a new man, “ ness ; vomiting of and getting on his sea- greenish mucus t'rom legs” will think him- the stomach; and a self “ every inch a Jack- general desire to die. tar.” Don’t take This stage lasts from whiskey or brandy to two to live or six days; sea with you in hopes after a thorough cleans- of warding off sea-sick- ing of the stomach, ness. They are no the patient gets better, good. and “ can’t get enough to eat.” Note.—Many people, as soon as sea-sickness commences, have recourse to oranges, lemons, etc. Now, oranges are very much to be avoided on account of their bilious tendency, and even the juice of a lemon should only be allowed in cases of extreme nausea. 108 VESSEL-MASTEE’S MEDICAL MANUAL Champagne, too, is a very common remedy, and, without doubt, in many cases does good; but this appears to be chiefly due to its exhilarating effects, as, if it be discontinued, the result is bad, and a great amount of prostration follows. Creosote is a very old but still very good remedy, and in cases accompanied by great prostration is very useful; but, if given in the early stage of sea-sickness, it is often followed by very bad results, and even increases the nausea. Bicarbonate of soda is used in slight cases, as it relieves nausea and checks the frequent eructations which often follow attacks ofsea-sickness: but in severe cases it is absolutely useless, and, in fact, it very often pro- longs the retching. A very good remedy in the earlier stages of sea-sickness is a teaspoonful of Worcester sauce. How this acts I cannot say, but it, without doubt, relieves the symptoms and renders the patient easier. Its action is probably of a stimulant nature. Hydrocyanic acid is of very little service, and most acid mixtures are to be avoided, except that, perhaps, for drinking purposes, when it is best to acidulate the water with a small quantity of hydrochloric acid. Of all the drugs used I found the most effectual was bromide of sodium. When bromide of sodium is given in doses of ten grains three times a day the attacks entirely subside, the appetite improves and the patient is able to walk about with comfort. In all cases of sea-sickness it is very desirable that the patient should take sufficient food, so that at all times the stomach may be comfortably full, for by this means overstraining during fits of retching is prevented and the amount of nausea is diminished. The practice of takingsmall pieces of dry biscuit is not of much use, as, although the biscuit is retained by the stomach, yet the amount taken is never sufficient to comfortably fill the stomach. Soups, milk puddings and sweets are to be avoided, as they increase the desire to be sick and AM) FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 109 are followed by sickening eructations. Fat bacon is easily borne, and does much good if only the patient can conquer his aversion to it. When taken in moderate quantity it acts like a charm, and is followed by very good results. But of all food curry is the most useful ifi sea-sickness, and is retained by the stomach when all other food has been rejected. Next to curry I would place small sand- wiches of cold beef, as they look nice on the plate, and are usually retained by the stomach. In conclusion, I would advise that brandy should be used very sparingly, as, in many cases, it induces sea- sickness, and its chief use is confined to those cases where the prostration is very great, and even then champagne is more effectual. SCALDS. See “Burns and Scalds,” page 29. SCALP DISEASE. REMEDY. (Scald Head.) As all diseases of this This troublesome dis- kind have their origin ease is well known to in the blood, it is well almost every parent, to commence the cure and is almost solely there. Open the bowels; confined to children : cleanse the stomach ; Sig-ns.—Sc r o f u 1 o u s and purify the blood. tendencies; children in In ordinary cases, when feeble health; a dry taken in its early stage, tetter which is extreme scalp disease is easily Iv irritable, first ap managed: make an pears, and if neglected ointment of sulphur, soon spreads over the two ounces; cosmoline entire scalp. In severe sufficient to make it the cases the hair falls off; consistence of butter, the skin assuming a and anoint the head at 110 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL light, leprous, un- night (sleep in a cap.) healthy hue; the appe- Wash with Castilesoap, tite fails; the head borax, and water every aches ; the eyes water; morning ; sustaining the ears discharge a diet; daily gentle exer- Bickly mucus ; the exu- cise in the open air; dations from the scalp warm baths. are foul and offensive ; and the patient becomes disgusting to all who see him. SCROFULA. REMEDY. (King’s Evil.) Open the bowels with The term scrofa sig- some good cathartic nifies a hog, which was pills; (Warner’s sugar once supposed to be coated are among the susceptible of this dis- best;) bathe the entire ease. And it was person daily in warm called “king’s evil,” salt water; take of because certain kings syrup of marsh mal- of England pretended lows one dram ; tinct. to be able to cure it by of iodine twenty drops the touch. The disease in cup full of stillingia shows itself by the for- infusion, two or three mation of lumps or times a day; sixty kernels on the glands grains of hydriodate of under the skin of the potassium; and two neck and under-jaw; drops of tinct. of iodine, the eyelids are also divide into four or six often attacked; become doses; paint the ker- inflamed, swell, ulcer- nels with iodine before ate, and discharge a they gather and break: thick glutinous mat- if they become sore and ter. In severe cases break, poultice with other parts of the body flaxseed meal and slip- AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. are attacked, and ulcer- pery elm bark; diet ate and break and be- full and nourishing; no come disgusting sores. fats, nor alcoholic stim- It is generally inher- ulants. Take iodide ited, and may go from of potassium two the fathers to the chil- drams in four ounces dren “ unto the third of syrup of stillingia. and fourth genera- Dessertspoonful four tion.” times a day. SCURVY. REMEDY. (Scorbutus.) Give plenty of fresh, This disease isalmost soft vegetables; raw entirely confined to cabbages with vinegar; seamen, on and after raw onions with vine- long voyages. It is gar as soon as the teeth usually the result of become firmly fixed want of fresh meats and enough to eat them; vegetables, and its beef-tea and milk in signs are, languor; de- large quantities; and bility; fatigue; faint- whiskey or brandy two ness ; shortness of or three times a day ; breath ; pains and sore- “Melville’s Elixir of ness in the limbs ; men- Lifetonics; quinine tal depression; melan- and iron; dilute sul- choly; “Jack don’t phuric acid; twenty or sing when he has the 1 thirty drops in pint of ” scurvy; soreness in water; drink freely ; the gums; looseness of rinse the mouth free- teeth; tongue flabby ly with permanganate and furrowed; pulse of potassium, ten slow and weak; appe- grains to half pint of tite capricious and un- water; solution ofalum, certain ; disturbance of say thirty grains in half vision ; vertigo ; bleed- pint of water ; keep the ing at the tongue and person at a moderate 112 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL gums; urine decreases, temperature, and and is sometimes “don’t give up the bloody ; breath foul and ship.” fetid; face sallow and ofadirty, yellowish hue. SLEEPLESSNESS. REMEDY. (Insomnia.) Remove the cause Commences as a hab- when known ; evacuate it, and ends in a dis- the bowels; when sleep ease. It should chal- appears impossible at lenge our earliest at- night, arise from your tention : night is the bfd, bathe the head and time for sleep, not day- face in cold water; dry time; accustom your- with coarse towel, and self to sleep at night brush the hair with a only, and if you can- stiff hair-brush; regular not sleep to-night, keep cold bathing every awake till to-morrow morning; take gentle night. The signs and exercise in the open air causesare: indigestion; daily ; walking or rid- on horseback; joy ; sorrow ; pain ; ing bromide of potassium, grief; cold ; heat; tea and coffee taken imme- thirty grains in a small glass just diately before retiring ; of water, be- intense study ; trouble; fore retiring for the itching and burning night; bathe the feet in on the soles of the feet ; warm salt water; live intemperance; a light regularly; take meals burning in the chamber at regular hours ; go to will sometimes produce bed at a certain time sleeplessness; as will every night; and above love, “hatred, envy and all, a clear conscience. malice, and all unchar- itableness.” AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 113 SMALL-POX. REMEDY. (Varioloid.) Place the patient in Signs.- In about a clean, airy room by a week after the disease himself; warm to 60 is taken, sudden chills, or 65°; keep a dish of followed by fever and chloride of lime in the perspiration. In two room; open the bowels or three days more, moderately; give a sickness at stomach; light, liquid diet, and vomiting; diarrhoea; se- cooling drinks; warm vere pains along the spi- baths to limbs and per- nal column and particu- son as long as possible; larly in the small of the as soonas pustules f u rn. back ; sleeplessness ; or make a thick paint of if sleep, horrid dreams; four or five parts pul- pulse full, hard and verized chalk, and three rapid; tongue coated of cosmoline, and with with brown fur; dry a camel’s hair-brush and swollen ; an erup- paint the pustules; tion commences with there will be no pits; small bright red spots, glycerine and starch is somewhat resembling also good; prevent measles; begins on the scratching; warm baths face and spreads over will hasten the erup the body; a circle ap- tion; use carbolic pears around each soap ; if diarrhoea, give pock ; pus forms which opium ; as severe symp- emits a peculiar smell, toms disappear, increase once experienced is the diet and give some never forgotten. This good tonics and wine. eruption and smell Use no tobacco until neveradmit of a doubt. the disease is fully developed. SKIN DISEASE.

— See Cutaneous Eruption, page 43. 114 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANTEL SORES, OLD. REMEDY. (Ulcers.) Wash and cleanse all Sores are various; old sores; good Castile and are treated by med- soap, or carbolic, is ex- ical writers, under cellent ; attend to the separate captions, as blood; almost all old specific, irritable, indo- sores readily yield to lent, varicose, healthy, cleanliness and blood etc., etc. Specific ulcers purifying. Take of or sores are those syrup of stillingia one caused by some particu- pint, iodide of potas- lar disease ; irritable sium two drams, mix sores are those which and take dessertspoon- itch and bleed upon ful three times a day, being touched; indo- (one of the very best lent sores are those blood purifiers in the which are extremely world.) An excellent difficult to cure, and lotion for old sores is which obstinately resist made thus: Take of treatment. Varicose nitric acid one ounce, are those which come two large copper cents, from the bursting of (let them dissolve in varicose veins. Healthy the acid,) when the ef- sores are those which fervescence ceases put heal naturally and eas- in two ounces good ily when proper treat- vinegar, (if too strong, ment is applied. add rain water.) brush the sore with this twice a day.

SPRAINS. REMEDIES. (Subluxations.) Allay tlie inflamma- A sprain is a partial tion with warm water, dislocation of a joint; which is one of the best most commonly tlie applications for the AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 115

wrist or ankle: it is purpose in the world ; painful and trouble- apply tinct. of arnica some, sometimes caus- to the sprain, and wrap ingothercomplications. the joint tightly in flan Although not prop- nel soaked with the erly a dislocation it is same: in very severe often more difficult to cases, poultices made manage than a disloca- of hops and vinegar tion or fracture. They may be applied hot as are caused by a severe can be borne: in cases twist of the joint in of torn or cut ligaments any direction, beyond or muscles the wound the range of natural must be treated as motion, thus stretching other cuts. Stay the the ligament, and blood-flow with alum, throwing the machin- or gallic acid, and heal ery of the joint out of by the usual method ; order. In severe cases salves and plasters. the muscles may be Long experience has torn or bruised and the given me great faith in soft textures so injured iodine painting, and I that weeks or even use it on all suitable months may be neces- occasions. sary to repair the damages.

STINGS OF IN- REMEDIES. SECTS. Bathe the affected Children are particu- part in strong ammonia larly liable to be bitten water. If bees, humble and stung by the va- bees, hornets, spiders rious insects with or mosquitoes bite a which the country child apply “Melville’s abounds. Bees, spi- Remedy for Burns:” ders, wasps, hornets, there’s nothing better ; scorpions, gallinippers, plantain juice is highly 116 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL June-bugs, pinchers, recommended: make a ‘'•misketeers,” (mos- solution of aqua ammo- quitoes,) etc., etc. The nia one ounce, lauda- stings of all these in- num half ounce, vine- sects are extremely gar three ounces, sul- painful, and many of phuric ether one ounce; them highly inflamma- mix; shake well to- tory and very poison- gether and bathe the ous. It not unfre- affected part every hour qnently happens that or two: vinegar three alarming and danger- ounces, indigo half ous complications ac- ounce. In severe cases company or follow the other treatment may stings of some insects. be required; open the It therefore behooves bowels; applypoultices, all persons concerned to drafts, and even blis- apply prompt and ener- ters ; give strengthen- getic measures to what ing diet. may appear, at first, even trifling causes.

SNAKE BITES. REMEDIES. The bite of venomous If the bite be on the reptiles, rattlesnakes, hand or foot, ligature copperheads, mocca- the limb about two or sins, black racer and three inches above the other venomous ser- bite, so tightly as to pents, and snakes gen- prevent circulation, erally, are dangerous, and stop the absorption and require prompt of the poison into the treatment. The signs system: enlarge the are, headache, sickness wound with a penknife, at stomach, vomiting, and apply a large onion swelling of the part bruised, with a handful bitten, rapidly extend- of salt. Then open a ing over the entire per- vein below the ligature AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 117 son; the tongue be- to let out the poisoned comes thickly coated blood. Whiskey is con- a with whitish mucus ; sidered an antidote for pulse quick, full and ex- snake bites; let the cited ; eyes bloodshot; patient drink as much bleeding at the nose, as he can ; fill him up mouth and ears, and with it. Take a gill ».f sometimes bloody per- olive oil every two hours spiration. The eyes until • four are taken ; roll wildly in their rub the oil over the sockets; frothing at body also; when the the mouth, and in bad swelling subsides, give cases, delirium. an active purge. See also Treatment of ST. ANTHONY’S Poisons in this book. FIRE.—See Erysip- elas, page 52. REMEDY. ST. GUY’S Keep the patient in a DANCE. state of evenness of (Chorea.) temper; keep the This disease is also bowels open with “Mel- known as “St. Vitus’ ville’s Liver Powder,” dance,” also “St. which also aids diges- John’s dance.” The tion ; compel sleep in Signs are a nervous a dark room with hy- fidgeting; convulsive drate of chloral ten jerking of the muscles grains in small glass of of the face ; awkward water, every hour until and shambling gait; four are taken or sleep. shoulders jerked up and Atomize the spine with down ; arms thrown chloroform diluted wildly about; tongue with one-half water thrust into the side of daily. (This treatment the cheek, or out of the is confidently recom- 118 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL' mouth; breathing ir- j mended as an almost regular ; speech im- ! certain cure :) give peded, or may be en- ! opium in small quanti- tirely suspended; ties for several days. heart’s action irregu- Attend to diet and lar ; pulse rapid and bathing ; keep the feet violent; tongue dry warm and the head and coated brown ; eat- cool. No alcoholics. ing, drinking, walking, This disease is easily sleeping, all are inter- controlled if taken in rupted ; attacks of va- its early stages: if rious lengths; most neglected, it becomes common in young girls obstinate in the ex- approaching puberty. treme. STRICTURE. REMEDY. (Urethritis.) In severeeases,where This is more properly prompt relief is sought, a consequence of dis- the introduction into ease than an indepen- the water passage of a dent disease of itself. No. 6, 7 or 8 bougee, 11rarely or never occurs lubricated with an oint- save as a consequence mentmade of nitrate of of acute urethritis, or silver, fifteen or twenty gonorrhoea. It is | grains ; cosmoline, one simply the growing to- ounce; will give imme* gether of the sides of ! diate results. Then in- the urethra, or water j ject a solution made of passage of the male or- j laudanum one dram ; gan, caused by the two ! glycerine one ounce; raw surfaces coming to- tincture of arnica two gether and partially drams; rose-water three uniting; acute inflam- ounces. Inject with a mation having destroy- P. P. syringe, every ed the mucous coating two hours for three AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 119 of the internal passage, days, and a cure is al- leaving it in a sore, raw most certain. Take a condition. Signs.— light, nutritive diet, Great difficulty in void No acids, fats, cheese, ing water; stream di- nor alcoholics. Open vides into two or three the bowels well with one smaller streams, or in of “ Melville’s Magic severe cases is voided Liver Powders,” and drop by drop with in- bathe the person daily tense pain. It is a in warm salt water. most serious and dangerous matter; and demands prompt attention. SUFFOCATION. REMEDY. This is suspended an- For suffocation, put imation from impeded the patient in a cool breath; and may be room; friction with caused by inhalation of salt and vinegar and noxious gases, drown- warm flannels; stimu- ing, smothering or lating fluids, as ammo- strangling. The ap- nia water ; whiskey; pearances in such cases attempt to inflate the are, face becomes livid; lungs; windpipe must pulsation ceases; lungs be opened if necessary. of a deep blue hue; In cases of children blood escapes into the choking with theirfood, air cells; right auricle a few smart blows on and ventricle filled with the back of the child dark blood; swelling with the mother’s hand and it may be bursting will frequently set all of the blood vessels of tilings right; run your the brain ; children are finger down the child’s frequently suffocated by throat; never mind his choking, caused by the gagging; feel for the VESSEL-MASTER'S MEDICAL MANUAL lodgment of food or obstruction, and, if pos- other substances in the sible, bring it up ; vom- throat. This state can- it with tincture of lo- not continue long with- belia and ipecac, in out i n flam mat ion, equal parts, teaspoon which may be followed ful every fifteen min- by suppuration, ulcer- utes, until vomiting is » t i o n and perhaps produced. death. SUNSTROKE. REMEDIES. (Insolation.) In the most common A sudden and some- cases, ice water to the times fatal attack of pulses and hea ; and unconsciousness, over- brandy or whiskey in taking persons exposed the stomach ; rest; re- to great heat. The in- move clothing, and cipient signs are great sponge the skin with and frequent desire tepid, and then cold to urinate; impossibil- water; if convulsions, ity to hold the water; inhale chloroform or heat and dryness of sulphuric ether; in skin; thirst; sickness cases of extreme pros- at stomach; oppression tration, wrap the pa- at the heart; exhaus- tient in damp blanket, tion ; sleeplessness and and sprinkle with cold delirium ; sight grows water, cautiously at dim ; noise in the ears; first, over face, neck and unconsciousness; con- breast; watch the ef- vulsions ; face pale; fect. If consciousness eyes turned upward; is long in returning, muscles relaxed ; pulse apply a blister (cantha quick, but feeble; ridal) to the back of the tongue dry and neck; apply ammonia parched ; breath short to the nose. Give a and hurried; tempera- brisk purge. AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 121 ture rises to 110° to N. B.—Ordinary sun- 125° F. ; in bad cases, stroke may be avoided patient faints; skin by the simple habit of becomes cold. Death. i wearing a large plantain leaf or cabbage leaf in the crown of the hat. And when exposed . SWEATS. to the sun’s rays, avoid (Sudor.) alcoholics and tobacco. See Night Sweats, lutge 87. SWELLINGS. REMEDIES. These occur from va- Should the swelling rious causes; and are indicate the need of simply morbid enlarge- opening, (as boils,) ap- ments of the whole or ply the lancet carefully any part of the body. but freely. Poulticing Swellings are not the with slippery elm bark disease, but the indu- and flaxseed meal is bitable evidences of its grandly useful ; bread presence in some part and milk ; boiled car- of the body. They are rots ; raw p o t a t o painful and inconven- grated ; rotten apple ; ient, in many cases in- yeast; plantain leaves ; terfering with locomo- burdock leaves; and tion, and the necessary many otherthings make activity of life; all excellent poultices. swellings indicate the Warm water and all presence of inflamma- other warm application : and its prompt tions are good to reduce and radical removal swellings. Tinct. of should be attempted in arnica; tinct. of the shortest possible opium; tinct. ofaconite time. They may be- root, and other tinct- 122 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL come complicated and tires are very good. dangerous. Bind the swelling in flannel. SYPHILIS. REMEDIES. (Pox, Primary.) As soon as a patient This is the worst is conscious of the ex- form of venereal dis- istence of these symp- ease, and is known by toms, let him take im- the common and vulgar mediately a full dose of name of pox. It stands “ Melville’s Liver Pow- at the head of the list der,” and while wait- of complaints met with ing for it to act, let in medical advertise- him procure a small ments, called secret quantity of the acid diseases, and is a nitrate of mercury, (it curse of the first magni- is by far the most relia- tude. It is always com- ble and certain caustic municated by" infec- known.) Take of acid tion by contact with nitrate of mercury one the specific virus: its part, water two parts ; first appearance is con- and with a small smooth fined to the genital or- stick, cauterize each gans, an itching or pimple or chancre fully. stinging sensation is The pain will be great, generally felt at the but if properly done, prepuce of the male, the cure will be perfect. after which a small red To allay the pain, ap- pimple with a white ply cold water. Then lie ad appears and dress daily with warm spreads with terrible water and Castile soap, rapidity until in five or and cover with lint and six days it is the size of protect with a common a five-cent piece. It is bandage. Cure is al- highly inflamed, stings most certain in ?.ten and burns, and keeps days. Eat no fat meats, AND PAMILT MEDICAL GUIDE. 123 the patient terribly use no acid, nor alco- conscious of its pres- holics. ence..

SYPHILIS. REMEDIES. (Secondary.) Consult a good physi- We now approach a cian, if possible, but if, much more difficult and from any circumstance, dangerous branch of you have been unable the disease treated ofin to follow the directions the preceding paper: laid down for the treat- Primary syphilis, in ment of primary syphi- order to be primary, lis, you are earnestly must be treated within recommended to com- the first ten days of mence at once the use its existence: after of the remedies for that time, it enters the secondary. Empty the circulation, and be- bowels ; iodide ofpotas- comes constitutional sium four drams in one or secondary. And pint of syrup of stillin- now the afflicted one gia; dessertspoonful has on his hands the three times a day, in- work of years, or per- crease gradually to six. haps of a lifetime, to (This is yourbest bower rid himself of this anchor, and if perse- curse. The patient vered in will eradicate now finds ulcers form the disease from the ing in his throat; red system.) Warm bath pimples breaking out daily ; sustaining diet; on the arms, legs and gentle exercise in the body; which run to- open air daily ; no alco- gether and become foul, holics nor tobacco ; no copper-colored sores; acids nor fats; dress the bones ache; the comfortably ; and keep bridge of the nose is af- the temperature even; fected ; the hair falls treat local symptoms 124 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL

off; teeth are loosened ; as they rise. Retire gums sore; voice de- and rise early. “An-l stroyed ; and loss of all do thyself no harm.” muscular power. TETTER. (Barber’s Itch.) See Ringworm, page 23.

TESTS., EN- REMEDIES. LARGED. Upon the firstappear- I have thought proper ance of any swelling of to give this subject a the testicles, make separate chapter, not- yourself a good sus withstanding the fact pensory bag, and let that the general treat- the testicles rest in it. ment of “swellings” This may be kept satur- applies to this equally ated with tincture of with all others: the arnica, after iodine, prevalence of this which must be applied trouble among seafar- at once, has failed to ing men (of whom I reduce the swelling. have treated thou- Frequent bathing sands) will be acknowl- with warm water and edged as a good and Castile soap; quiet; sufficient reason for with the feet elevated what might otherwise above the head, (two be thought superfluous. feet at least;) keep the It is obvious that any- bowels open ; use a light thing of so serious a nutritive diet, a n d nature as this should court sleep in every claim the most prompt manner possible. Use and careful attention. no alcoholics nor tobac- Do not put it off a sin- co, and avoid all ex- gle day nor an hour citement. AND PAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. after its appearance, N. B.—Take iodine but fly for the very best (salt) two ounces ; alco- remedy. hol, 1 pint, ninety per cent.; mix. Paint TIC-DOUEOUR- with camel’s hairbrush EUX. to reduce swellings. See Neuralgia, page 88. TOOTHACHE. REMEDIES. There are few pains When toothache harder to bear than arises from neuralgia, those proceeding from use the remedies for decayed or injured that complaint pointed teeth. As soon as the out under that head. teeth give evidence of When from decayed or injury or decay, have injured teeth, take of them examined by a pulv. alum, quarter competent dentist, and ounce, sweet spirits of tliqse which cannot be nitre, one ounce : dis-- saved by filling have solve and apply fre- removed. Then give quently to the teeth;) daily care and attention will cure the worst case, to those remaining; in a few minutes ; or! clean daily after each take of gum camphor meal, with water and pulverized, and opium soft brush, or bit of in equal parts, make a white flannel. The best paste and plug the hol- and cheapest dentifrice low tooth. Stop the in the world is com- ear tightly with raw pounded as follows: cotton, on the side Pulverized orris root, where the aching tooth one ounce; pulverized is located. Saturate a charcoal, half ounce; pledget of raw cotton fine (table) salt, one with oil of cloves, or 126 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL ounce, mix and apply oil of thyme, and plug with a rag on the finger the tooth. daily. Take morphia sulphate, arsenious acid, TONSILS EN- and creosote in equal LARGED. parts, rub on raw cotton, and fill cavity, to (Tonsillitis.) kill nerve and aching See Quinsy, page 98. teeth. TRICHINOSIS. (Trichiniasis.) REMEDIES This disease is the re- Must be extremely sult of eating imper- prompt to be effectual: fectly cooked meats, give a brisk cathar- infested with trichina tic ; follow by glyce- spiralis. It is generally rine, one dram, and supposed to frequent water, two drams: mix. the .various productsof and give every fifteen the hog, and particu- minutes until four doses larly the ham. The are taken; tinct. of writer lias taken ham iodine and carbolic from which “poison- acid, in equal parts, two ous ” slices had been to four drops in water cut, boiled, and eaten, at short intervals: producing what was benzine is also highly pronounced tricliino- recommended; give qui- sial poisoning, and ninein full doses ; after after boiling for two these, give light nutri- full hours, has been tive diet; warm baths freely eaten with no bad (salt if possible) daily, effect. Moral—Cook and warm sponge baths your hams well. Signs. on retiring for the —(Examine the meat night; keep the tem- with a powerful glass perature of the person for the presence of the even; and the body suf- AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 127 animalculae.) Thirst; ficiently well clad to pulse increased and fee- protect it from taking ble ; tongue dry ; vom- cold. iting, colicky pains; increasing heat; swelling. TUMORS. REMEDIES. Tumors are swellings, In addition to wlmt and there are a variety has already been said of them ; Cullen defines under the caption of a tumor to be “ a par- “swellings,” we may tial swelling without say: in all cases of tu- inflammation. ” The mors, if possible, let the French use tumor patient have positive blanche for “ white rest; regulate the med- swelling.” There are icine by the variety of erectile tumors; fibrous tumor under treatment, tumors varicose tu- and keep u p the mors ; laminated tu- strength of the patient mors ;"vascular tumors; and his general health etc., etc. Good uses in the highest possible the word tumor to sig- condition. Poultices nify tubercle; erro- may be applied after neously I think, as I iodinepainting ; one of have never seen a tu- the very best is of bercle, without inflam- bruised poke root, mation. The term tu- (Phytolacca decandra.) mor is generally applied Simply roast the root to swellings of the in hot ashes, until soft, larger joints, without and bruise and apply change of the color of hot as possible. As an the skin, and of more alterative also, the orless firm consistence, same root (one ounce,) and which are depen- with an equal amount dent upon disease of of black cohosh, and 128 VESSEL-MASTEE’S MEDICAL MANUAL the soft parts about the gum guaiac in a pint of joints. Of these only whiskey. Tablespoon- we shall treat in this ful three times a day. article.

TYPHOID FE- REMEDIES. ARER. On the first appear- (Enteric Fever.) ance of the disease, dis- Of this disease there ! infect everything; then are four distinct and I give quinine in ten well-defined stages. | grain doses, two or First stage. Hatch- three times a day ; treat ing ; disturbed sleep; the symptoms as they headache, and swim- arise; bromide of po- ming in the head ; diar- tassium and chloral, for rhoea ; perhaps vomit- restlessness; injections ing. Second stage. of laudanum and starch Actual attack gradu- for diarrhoea; tannic al ; above symptoms or gallic acid for bleed- increase ; depression; ing at the bowels ; and cheeks Hushed ; pulse ice over the right fiank; from 95 to 130, variable rest; plenty of fresh air; and weak; tongue tepid sponging twice covered with whitish daily; diet of milk, fur, red at edges and beef-tea, custards; tip; great thirst. toast water; barley Third stage. Pro- water; gum arabio gressive development; water; rice, etc., etc. headache over the eyes; A preventative and gurgling sound on cure for bed-sores is to pressi ng theright flank; bathe the parts in alco- sometimes bleeding in hol daily. For the first the bowels; eruption two weeks use “ Lugol’s on the body. Fourth Solution ” —made thus: or advanced stage. two-thirds of a grain Above symptoms con- of iodine, twelve grains AID FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE 129 tinue; tongue becomes of common salt in pint dry and brown ; breath of water. Take four offensive; giddiness; minims in water, three deafness; sleepiness. times a day. For an Look out for and pre- explanation of the germ vent bed-sores. (Wash system o f typhoid with alcohol.) fever, parasites, and bateria, see the article ULCERS.—See Old on New Theory of Dis- Sores, page 114. ease in this book. URINE. REMEDIES. (Incontinence in When the disease is Children.) hereditary, (and not Nothing is morecom- dependent upon “ in- mon or more annoying flammation of the blad- than the habit which der,”) the treatment almost all children must be of atonic char- (and many children of acter: give of tinct. a larger growth, also) uva ursi one ounce, fall into, of that pecu- tinct. longleaf buchu liar form of inconti- oneounce, “Huxharn's nence, known as wet- Tinct. of Bark ” one ting the bed. This diffi- ounce, cinnamon water culty is generally owing five ounces; mix, and tochecked perspiration, give dessertspoonful in which cases care three or four times must be taken to re- each day. The tinct move the cause. In ure of eantharides in adults more elaborate, citric acid water is very and probably longer highly recommended continued treatment for this disease in pa- may be requisite. But tients of all ages. The as a general principle, writer has a remedy of all may be cured if his own which will be taken in time. Inflam- sent to any address; 130 VESSEL-MASTEE’S MEDICAL MANUAL mation of the bladder is children, one dollar, indicated, where there adults two dollars; is a constant desire to which he will warrant void the urine. to cure, or refund the money. It has never been known to fail!

URINARY OR- REMEDIES. GANS, For all hemorrhage or bleeding of the uri- (Disease of.) nary organs, there is It sometimes occurs, n o remedy known and particularly among which is superior to seamen, that blood is marsh-mallows. There found to pass off with are two species, both the urine: clots will are good, and theygrow form at the bottom of almost everywhere. the urinal, which will The leaves or root stain cotton or linen, will do. Boil one and by this means the ounce of either in a pint bloody character of the of water, and drink all urine may be ascer- in a day. If there is tained ; should there much blood, put in ten be purulent matter in grains gallic acid to the urine, there is dan- each pint; cold sponge ger of ulceration some- baths; sustaining diet; where in the urinary mullen leaves and horse- passage. It may also mint in equal parts arise from external in- made into tea, and jury, as bruises, blows, drank freely, a pint or falls; straining, lifting more each day, is ex- heavy weights; jump- cellent. Should stone ing, or even riding on in the bladder be sus- horseback. It may also pected, give cathartics; arise from stone in the open tire bowels and bladder, calculi in the drink hydrangea tea. A1TD FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 131 kidneys, or in the When in port, consult ducts leading from the a good physician, and kidneys to the blad- live in a regular man- der ; if from the bladder ner. sharp pain in the back. VACCINATION. Every vessel-master and every head of family should be capable of performing the act of vaccination in a prpper manner. The left arm two inches below the ball of the shoulder is the proper place, and a lancet or sharp penknife the proper instrument; scratch the arm in this manner, and rub the virus from quill or scab on the wound, which should bleed a little ; and then to insure its taking, cover the wound with a piece of adhesive plaster, to proteet it from injury. Every captain, upon entering an infected port, should ascertain if his crew have all been vaccinated within five years, and if not, he should do it. Rest assured, it will pay. Protect the arm from irritation and injury, and watch its development. In three or four days a small hard reddish elevation appears, which is accompanied with itching and burning. About the seventh day a distinct vesicle is formed, and on the ninth day the areola, or colored circle appears, and continues to enlarge until it attains sometimes an inch in diameter. About the tenth or twelfth day it begins to dry up, and leaves a hard, brown scab which drops off about the twentieth day. There are no infallible marks by which it can be positively proven whether the vaccination is genuine or spurious. Try again. If genuine it will not take again. 132 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL Note.—In the last century, before vaccination was discovered, the mortality from small pox was 3,000 per million. With voluntary vaccination the proportion was reduced to 600 per million, State-aided vaccination reduced it to 305, and compulsory vaccination brought it down to 146. It is not necessary to attribute this vast and beneficent reduction in the virulence of a loathsome and dreaded disease entirely to vaccination. Sanitation may be credited with its fair share, but its share is limited, and can, as Sir Lyon Playfair showed, be de- termined with reasonable precision; while the reduction in the prevalence of small-pox concurrently with successive increases in the stringency with which vaccination has been enforced establishes a presumption in favor of vaccination so strong as to amount in the minds of reasonable men to practical certainty. So much for the argument that vaccination is no protection against small-pox. As for the statement that vaccination may in certain cases induce other diseases, it must be admitted that in rare and exceptional cases such communication has taken place. But the evil effects due to this cause cannot for a moment be compared to the infinitely greater beneficial effects due to vaccination when unaccompanied by any such effects. Where 3,000 persons in 1,000,000 would have died of small-pox in the last century, only 146 out of 1,000,000 will die in the present day, and probably not one out of 1,000,000 of vaccinated persons ever suffers any evil effects from imprudent or infected vaccination. Even if the proportion can be shown to be far greater, that is only a reason for greater care and caution in the practice of vaccination, and affords no ground whatever for abandoning the practice altogether.

VARICELLA. (Chicken-Pox.) Which see, page 31. AUD FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE.

VACCINIA. Wm. R. Warner & (Cow-Pox.) Co., dealers in physician’s See supplies, No. 1228 Cow-Pox, page 42. Market st., Phila.

VARIOLOID. REMEDIES. (Small-Pox.) In all cases of this This is simply kind give prompt at- “small-pox” after tention to diet, cleanli- vaccination, and is eas- ness and ventilation. ily managed: the num- In relation to diet: ber of pustules is cooling drink, milk, diminished; the course etc., etc. Jellies, soups, of treatmentshortened; oysters and beef-tea, the disease mild in may be added; fre- form; and there is lit- quent warm or tepid tle or no pitting. The sponging; exclude the genuine small-pox odor air from the face; cool is absent. If the tem- lotions to prevent itch- perature range high ing and irritation: and complications make a paste of glyce- threaten, keep the ine and starch and bowels open by means brush over the face of gentle laxatives or with large soft brush simple injections. The two or three times each symptoms must be met day. Carbolic acid one as they appear, and in dram, glycerine six severe cases treat as drams, is an excellent you would small-pox, preparation in such which see. cases. All the “Melville Remedies” can be obtained at the office of F. C. Melville, Physician and Surgeon, No. 1620 Richmond street, Philadelphia, (take red car on Second and Third streets line,) and ships’ medicine chests filled with fresh medicines atshort notice. 134 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL VOMITING. REMEDIES. (And in Preg- In case of vomiting nancy.) in children, the bowels In children, this gen- may be opened with a erally arises from over- mild laxative, as mag- loading the stomach nesia and rhubarb com- with food of some kind, bined ; three grains is either suckling too a dose, and once in much, or feeding too three orsix days is often much. If the milk is enough. If this should in a curdled state fail to give relief, when ejected from the cleanse the stomach stomach, it argues too with powdered ipecac strong food; and will 2 grains, in a table- require some milder ar- spoonful of water. Ap- ticle. Most women ply over the stomach during the early months warm camphorated of pregnancy, especial- spirits and bathe in ly with the first child, warm water. In preg- suffer from sickness at nancy, give tinct. of the stomach and vom- larkspur one dram in iting. It is desirable water two ounces, di to get along, if possible, vide into two parts, and without taking medi- drink half hour apart; cine. A recumbent po- or w Ingluven Pow- sition, a glass of cold ders,1 ’ prepared by water and a few hours Wm. R. Warner & Co., abstinence from food, 1228 Market st., a cer- will quell the disturb- tain cure; or chamomile ance, and in *a short (tinct.) in thirty drop time it goes away. doses every three hours in ounce of water. Any of Dr. Melville’s Remedies will be sent to vessels when ordered by mail, C. O. D. AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 135 WATER BRASH. REMEDIES. (Pyrosis.) Remove the cause; This is an accumula- quit the use of tobacco, tion of a watery fluid and spirituous and malt in the stomach. It is liquors; avoid greasy sometimes acid, when food; fat meats, acids, it is attended with more cheese, and use pepper, or less pain. It is vul- mustard and salt in garly called heart- very limited quantities. burn and the discharges Take tepid or cold are sometimes viscid, baths, and gentle exer- or ropy like the white cise in the open air of eggs. It causes daily. As a sure rem- belchings and eructa- edy, take senna leaves, tions, and is caused by one ounce ; balsam of derangement of the tula, one ounce; pulv. stomach, and the di- golden seal, half ounce; gestive organs. Many pulv. jalap, half ounce; persons who are troub- pulv. fennel seed, half led with water brash ounce; put in half pint have recourse to chalk- of boiling water; stir eating as a cure. Let well, and when cold, it alone ! (I mean the add one and one-half chalk.) And take only pints of good whiskey. such medicines as are Let stand twenty-four calculated to remove hours, and take table- and overcome the cause. spoontul two times each Men suffer witli the dis- day. There is nothing ease more than women. better. If prejudiced against VENEREAL. DIS- whiskey, substitute EASE. Warner’s “Elixir of Calasaya ” in its place. See Syphilis, pages 122,123. 136 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL WOMB, FALLING REMEDIES. OF. As soon as the first (Prolapsus Uteri.) symptoms of womb Falling of the womb complaint appear: pain may be due to several in the small of the back ; the causes: pregnancy ; in- tired feeling in fl tmmation congestion morning; pain in the a of blood ; enlargement; groins, and white or tumors; polypus; leu- dirty white mucous dis- chargefrom the corrhoea constipation ; vagina, distention of the blad- commence at once to treat the der ; straining; lifting ; general health; distress, of mind, and syringe the birthplace many other causes with cold water, three which affect the nerv- or four times a day; ous system. There is take sponge baths, no disease to which hu- with tepid salt water; manity is heir fraught gentle exercise in the with such intense and open air daily; and a long continued suffer- good sustaining gener- plenty ofgood, ing, as womb troubles ; ous diet; probably the delicacy lean, rare, roast and of the subject prevents broiled beef; mutton many refined and sensi- and game ; milk, soups, tive women from apply- and oysters, egg-nog ing for professional and milk-punch, “Mel- aid, ” until the intensity of ville’s Elixir of Life ; the suffering compels use of flesh brush, etc., it. etc.

All the “ Melville Remedies” may be obtained at the office of F. C. Melville, Physician and Surgeon, No. 1620 Richmond street, Philadelphia, and will be forwarded by express C. O. D. to any address in the United States. AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 137 WOMB COM- REMEDIES. PLAINT. In cases where the (Continued.) disease has become A great many ladies chronic, don’t use a suffer untold agonies pessary ; they are only from a little bit of van- a curse. Strengthen ity, which more fre- the system with tonics, quently arises from ig- and syringe with pow- norance than from any erful astringents, as other cause. A desire white oak bark ; tannic to be thought unusually acid water. The fol- smart, induces many a lowing is a most excel- young mother to arise lent preparation for from her bed with her syringing, cheap also. child, long before she Sulphate of zinc, twen- ought to do so. This ty grains; sugar of is the inducing cause lead, twenty grains; of more womb com- glycerine, one ounce; plaint, than any other tannic acid, one dram ; known. In treating water, one pint. Shake womb complaint, when- well together, and sy- ever it becomes neces- ringe birthplace twice sary for the physician a day. Throw in two to make an examina- ounces and let it re- tion, the greatest pos- main as long as possi- sible tenderness, delica- ble. (The writer has cy, and modesty must devoted thirty years to be observed. There is the treatment of womb never any necessity for complaints, and will exposure unless treat- guarantee a perfect ment for ulceration is cure to all who will required. In that case implicitly follow his the operator must re- directions. No cure, member his mother, no pay.) sister, wife. Note.—See advertisement on page 168 of this book. 138 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL WORMS, INTES- REMEDIES. TINAL. Give a smart purga- (Helminthiasis.) tive; worm seed and Round or stomach molasses in equal parts; worms are often found teaspoonful twice each

in children. There are day; wormwood tea , three varieties of intes- thorough wort tea; tinal worms; the tansy tea, are all good ; round worm, the pin or take of pink-root one thread worm, and the ounce; senna one tape worm. The signs ounce; steep in one of the existence of pint of water, divide worms are: an un- into four parts, and easy, gnawing feeling give one part each about the stomach ; ap- night. Another excel- petite, variable, often lent remedy is pink- voracious; belly swol- root, senna, m a n n a , len and hard ; counte- and American worm- nance pale; eyes sunk- seed of each half ounce, en ; nose constantly powder and add pint of itching; (child picks boiling water ; let stand it;) costiveness; hic- overnight, and sweeten cough ; disturbed sleep; with molasses and add muscular twitching; a little milk. To a live grating of the teeth ; year old child, give a nervous irritation; foul gill three or four times breath; pain in the a day on an empty bowels ; sickness at the stomach. If it does stomach. Worms are not purge, repeat until not confined to child- it does. hood. Adults of sedentary occupations suffer from pin worms. Any of Dr. Melville’s Remedies will be sent to vessels when ordered by mail, C. O. D. AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. WORMS. REMEDIES. (Tape Worm.) For pin orseat worms The best possible in children or adults, proof of the existence make a few small pills of tape worm is the of socratine aloes and passing of sections of glycerine, and witli the the worm ; other signs finger place one in the are, itching of the nose rectum at night; follow and anus ; lassitude; it up until rid of the wasting away of flesh pests. For tape worm, with a good appetite; one of the most prompt indigestion; salivation, and useful remedies I more or less severe; have ever known is, faintness; windy pains take spirits of tur- in the bowels; pal- pentine and castor oil pitation of the heart; of each two ounces, mix cramps in the limbs; and shake well to- and in females some- gether, and divide into times hysteria. Tape four doses; give one in worm is by no means the morning, followed confined to adults. The by a cup of warm Co- writer has expelled one lumbo root tea. Fol- thirty-one feet long low this up until the from a young miss worm is expelled—- eleven years old, in morning and evening. Lancaster, Pa., in I have never known it June, 1871. In this fail. Give one-half case there was no posi- dram of the oleoresin tive proof of the exist- of malefern in capsules ence of the worm un- on an empty stomach. til forty-eight hours before its passage. All the “ Melville Remedies ” can be obtained at the office of F. 0. Melville, Physician and Surgeon, No. 1620 Richmond street, Philadelphia, and ships’ medicine- chests will be filled with fresh medicines at short notice. 140 VESSEL-MASTEB’S MEDICAL MANUAL WOUNDS, REMEDIES. (Various and Gen- Check the flow of eral.) blood with pulverized Wounds are generally alum; common salt; designated by the in- cold water; lint; collo- struments with which dion ; cobwebs ; one of they are produced, j the very best things in There are incised the world for this pur- wounds, which are! pose is gallic acid ; hold made by a sharp cutting it on the wound until instrument; punctured the flow ofblood ceases. wounds are made with j Tannic acid is alsogood; a pointed instrument;! tincture of arnica. For lacerated wounds are j punctured wounds, made with a dull in- \ open the bowels with a strument, as a saw or a brisk purge; give of stone; contused laudanum twenty wounds are simply drops; if the blood bruises, the skin not should be of a light red being broken ; gunshot hue, look for the artery, wounds are produced and with your fingers by a discharge of the or a pair of tweezers, contents of a gun or take it up and tie it, pistol. There are also leaving the ends of the other wounds, such as string hanging out of poisoned wounds,which wound, so that they will be found treated may be cut off after it under their appropriate has healed up. head. In dressing wounds of all kinds, always keep perfectly cool.

All the “Melville Remedies ” can be obtained at the office of F. C. Melville, Physician and Surgeon, No. t620 Richmond street, Philadelphia. AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 141 Things that are Worth Knowing-. The air we breathe is composed of two gases, oxygen and nitrogen. There are, in every hun dred parts, of nitrogen about 79.10 and of oxygen about 20.90, by measure. These gases become deadly when separated, and the life-giving principle, the oxygen, if deprived of its companion, would no longer retain its character, but would become destructive to animal life. At- mospheric air undergoes a great change in the human lungs ; and when it is ejected is poisonous for further breathing, until by mingling again with free air it regains its life-sustaining qualities. Hence the necessity of a constant mild current of fresh air passing through every part of our habitations! The dwellings, school houses, churches, vessels, workshops, factories, sleeping apartments and every other place, where men, women and children breathe, must be fully ventilated, and a free and gentle current of air (and sunshine when possible) forced through them at all times. This is essential to health of botli man and beast. One very important cause of the terrible mortality among children in the crowded houses of large cities (and of crowded emigrant ships) is the absence of a full supply of fresh air, daily and hourly. Therefore ventilate your habitations, your workshops, your vessels, everything. The cost will be small, the benefit immense! Stopping: Holes in Ships. In the life-saving section of the London Fish- eries Exhibition is shown a simple little contriv- ance for stopping holes in ships, which has been before the public for one or two years, and has 142 VESSEL-MASTEE’S MEDICAL MANUAL during that time been instrumental in saving more than one vessel from destruction. It is known as J. W. Wood’s self-adjusting rivet- hole and leak stopper, and is applicable toships, buoys, boilers, torpedo-boats, etc. It consists of an iron disk covered with felt, which screws on to a rod, at the end of which is a joined T- piece. Supposing that a shot hole in a ship’s side lias to be stopped, the T-piece is thrust through the opening, and the jointed piece put crossways, so that it cannot be readily with- drawn. The felted disk is now slipped over the rod and screwed firmly as far as it will go, and the operation is complete. The disks, of various sizes and shapes, are supplied to the admiralty, and are coming into extensive use in the merchant service. The importance and efficiency of this invention havebeen recognized by the Society of Arts by the grant of their Albert silver medal.

Flowers In Sleeping-rooms. Don’t have them there. They suck from the atmosphere the oxygen which is necessary to the health and comfort of the sleeper. Although “a thing of beauty, and a joy forever,” there is a proper and legitimate place for them, and that is not the sleeping-room nor the sick-room. Everything which has a tendency to interrupt, or in any manner interfere, in the free circulation of the air of the sleeping or sick-rooms, must be removed. Flowers may be admitted to either at suitable times; the patient or the sleeper may admire and enjoy a bouquet as they would any other beautiful thing; but they must be relieved of it before they go to sleep. Per- AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. sons retire to rest at night for the purpose of sleeping : and the business of the sick is to get well. Sick-room Philosophy. The sick-room should be kept moderately light; enough so to impart to it an air of cheerfulness. Don’t have it encumbered with a whole “furniture warehouse.” Remove all things not indispensable. Keep the bedding and personal linen of the patient scrupulously clean ; changing both as often as necessity requires. Let the sunshine in daily if possible ; remove all fmces and chamber slops, at the earliest possible moment, and neutralize any unpleasant odors, by burning a pinch or two of ground coffee in the room. Frequent sponging of the patient’s face and hands with bay rum or dilute alcohol is very grateful and refreshing. To Purify Water. Pure and good water is almost as much a necessity of life as pure air. They “who go down to the sea in ships, and do business in the great waters,” and who are compelled to carry their supplies of water with them, will be grateful for the following hints, which will assist them materially in purifying their supplies of drinking water. A tablespoonful of pulverized alum put into a cask of water will precipi- tate all the impurities to the bottom of the cask, and enable you to dip or draw from above the bottom, water as pure and limpid as the dew. It has no unpleasant taste, and the alum cannot be detected. This is the great secret of the man who offers you the patent “ filterer ” for sale. Alum is the great agent. Water that has 144 YESSEL-MASTEE’S MEDICAL MANUAL stood in casks for any great length of time, say ten days or more, should never be used for drinking purposes, without first having been boiled. The cook or steward on every vessel should be instructed on each morning to boil as much water as may be required for drinking, during the day. This should be set aside, and if you have ice on board all the better. All water is improved by boiling, as it cooks the animlaculse with which all water swarms.

How to Save One’s Self from Drowning-. W. H. Pottinger, of Hamilton, Ontario, Can., an experienced swimmer, furnishes the following few remarks upon the vital importance of knowing how to keep one’s self afloat when suddenly immersed in deep water: 11 When you find yourself in deep water you will sink first a few feet down, but if you do not struggle you will come quickly to the surface again, which on reaching immediately draw a full breath, throw your head back, and this will have the effect of placing you in a recumbent position on the surface of the water. Now, this is a most critical time for those who don’t know what to do next. Extend your arms at once on a level with your shoulders, palms of hands downward, so that the water cannot penetrate them, and begin gently paddling the water, with the movement of the hands from the wrist only. Extend your legs quietly and slowly in a line with your body. If you raise your arms or your legs above the surface of the water you will sink, but if you have the presence of mind not to do so, or struggle about, you will never sink so long as you keep paddling gently, without exertion, AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 145 with your hands, and so you may float on until you are picked up or until you are numbed by cold.” Disinfectants and Deodorizers. The difference between a “ disinfectant ” and a “deodorizer” is this: a disinfectant is an agent that attacks poisonous, miasmatic, or putrescent matters, and by breaking up their constituent elements, transforms them into innocent products. A deodorizer merely masks or at most destroys a bad odor without reaching the real spirit of the evil. Its action is not on the putrid product, but merely on the sense of smell, which it blunts to the action of the offensive vapor. During the prevalence of the plague, black death, sweating sickness and pestilential fevers in England during the middle ages, large amounts of money were spent in essential oils, frankincense, and costly spices, to neutralize the effects of the diseases, but without avail. Deodorization is of but little use. Commence at the bottom, destroy or neutralize the cause and the effect will cease spontane- ously. The name of “antiseptics” is given to a class of agents which give stability to organic matter, and prevent its putrefaction and decomposition. Well-known examples are common salt for preserving meats; sugar for preserving fruits, and vinegar for pickling; creosote-and wood oils for preserving smoked meats. Disinfectants are of two kinds, natural and artificial. Disinfectants, Natural. The atmosphere is a great natural disinfectant. It removes contamination by its cur- 146 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL rents, and neutralizes it by its power of oxyda- tion. Water is another powerful disinfectant. But as putrefaction cannot take place without moisture, water may be classed as one of the greatest promoters of corruption also. Soil or fresh earth is an efficient agent in subduing putridity, and neutralizing decaying animal and vegetable matter. Light, heat, and cold also exercise a powerful influence in disinfection wherever there is cause. Fire is one of the best in the world, and can be easily applied to purify ship, house, workshop, school or church. Disinfectants, Artificial. The best, cheapest and most available disinfectant in the world is charcoal. Its disinfecting qualities are mostly due to its great porosity. Freshly burned charcoal will absorb fifteen per cent, of its own weight in moisture and gases from the atmosphere in twenty-four hours. It loses its disinfecting power by use, but can be restored to full efficiency by moderate heat. All kind of putrefaction may be arrested by charcoal. Meats of all kinds, fish and game can be pre- served by it, and animal matter in all stages of decay loses its offensive odor, when covered with a layer of charcoal. Peat charcoal one part, quick-lime one part, gravel four parts, dissolve night soil, and deodorize all filth.

Quick-lime, Gypsum and Porous Clay and Coal-tar Are all cheap and efficient disinfectants: lime is excellent to scatter around in the hold of vessels, in cellars, around sinksand cesspools, and in all places where miasmatic and noxious AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 147 vapors are likely to arise: use it dry, generally; the air will slack it. For over crowded sleeping apartments, and for sick-rooms, add water until a thick creamy substance results, and let it sit around the rooms, in shallow earthen dishes. Following is an English Patent Disinfectant: oyster shells are burned in a furnace until they pulverize easily. To this is added one-half the quantity by weight of sulphate of iron (copperas) ; the result is a fine yellow powder. It is both cheapand efficient. Gypsum, oras some call it “ plaster of Paris,” and porous clay are good and cheap disinfectants. Some years since, all France went mad over what was known as “ Corne and Demeaux’s Disinfecting Powder,” which is nothing more nor less than powdered gypsum ninety-four parts and six parts coal tar. Hyposulphite of lime will arrest the process of fermentation, and prevent cider from becoming sour. It is also used for aiding the granulation of sugar from the cane. Coal-tar is a very powerful disinfectant also; but should be used with great caution, as it is composed of creosote and carbolic acid.

Chlorine. Chlorine must be introduced into the sick- room with great care, in consequence of its ability to speedily tarnish all metallic articles. It is placed in the front rank of disinfectants; it is used in a free state as a gas, also in combina- tion with lime or soda. It quickly destroys noxious gases, and the organized molecules of the miasmatic matter itself. Its penetrating quality enables it to reach all poisonous gases, and it will almost instantly remove all infection 148 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL from an atmosphere charged with typhoid or malarial poison. In the form of chloride of lime, it may be sprinkled around in damp, malarial places. For the sick-room, or general apartment, mix it with a small quantity of water, making it the consistency of thin paste, and set it upon a high shelf in an earthen dish. For disinfecting hospital wards the following is Prof. Faraday’s method of preparation: common salt one part, binoxyde of manganese one part, two parts of oil of vitriol previously mixed with one part of water, left until cool. The oil of vitriol and water are mixed in a wooden vessel ; the water must be put in first, one-half the vitriol added, and after cooling add the other half; mix the salt and manganese well. Expose in earthen vessels. Gas. Every gas consumer should keep a strict watch upon the meter. See that it registers correctly, and that the gas is of a good quality. In Paris, there are public meters, which indicate the quality of the gas consumed at any and every hour of the night, to which the public have free access at all times. It would be a great blessing if such were the case in some of our American cities, where the consumer is made to pay for a very inferior quality of gas, as well as for double or treble the quantity consumed. See that the meter sits perfectly level, and (if a wet meter) that the proper quantity of water is in it. Learn to read the meter. Note. —When we are threatened with a visit of Asiatic cholera, it becomes every householder to see to it that his drains, cellar, cesspools and all out-houses are thoroughly disinfected and cleaned: keep the liver active, and there will be little danger. AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 149 How to Read the Gas Meter. When the door of the meter is open three dials are exposed, like the dials of a clock. The right hand dial expresses hundreds; the middle one, thousands ; and the one at the left hand, tens of thousands. The meter, or measure, must be read by the last figure which each index has passed. Thus, if the indexes of all the hands are between 6 and 7, it must be read 00,000, 6,000, 600 ; that is, 66,600. If the left is at 6, the middle at 7, and the right at 8, it must be read 67,800. When the state of the meter is taken, subtract the last statement from the present, and the remainder will be the amount of gas consumed. Thus, the present is 78,900 and the last statement was 67,800 Consumption, 11,100 To Remove Stains from Dresses, etc. To remove stains from silks, satins, broad- cloths and other fabrics, no general rule can be given. Grease may generally be extracted by the patient use of benzine, sulphuric ether, chloroform, spirits turpentine, soap and water, etc., etc. The followingpreparation is used by professional cloth cleaners to remove spots from delicate fabrics: Take of rectified alcohol sixteen ounces, sulphuric ether one ounce, carbonate of potash ten grains; mix, and put in a closely stoppered bottle. Apply with a sponge or woolen rag. In case of staining with acids of any description or removing the color, first apply aqua ammonia, to neutralize the acid, then chloroform will in most cases restore the color. Ox-gall has been used for removing grease and 150 VESSEL-MASTEE’S MEDICAL MANUAL dirt stains from fine woolen fabrics and deli- cately colored goods. It is a liquid soap, and removes stains in the same manner; but care must be taken to wash it all out after using, as its smell is anything but agreeable. To remove ink stains, or iron rust, use oxalate of potash, or even lemon juice ; apply the oxalate in pow- per, after moistening the spots with water; after allowing to stand an hour or two, wash out with clean water. Oxalic acid is still more powerful; but must be watched or it will destroy the fabric. Stains from indelible ink must be soaked in salt and water, and afterwards be washed in aqua ammonia. Nursing- the Sick. This is a science in itself. Most experienced nurses will attend to the great business of nursing properly; the administration of food and medicine at proper times; the regulation of temperature and ventilation; the proper adjust- ment of the bed, and bed-room furniture; these are the weightier matters, but the “ mint, anise and cummin ” must not be neglected. Don’t permit any unnecessary noise in or near the sick-room : quiet is always an excellent medicine. Don’t allow any one, children or grown person, to burst into the sick-room, in a hurry. It frequently disturbs the nervous system, and sets the patient back for days or even weeks. Never allow your patient to be surprised under any circumstances, and if the nurse understands her business, it will be prevented. Gen- erally, no visitors, or, at most, only a few, must be admitted to the sick-room. The intelligent physician will give directions on this AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE, 151 point, which the nurse will carry out to the letter. There is more harm done by the practice of admitting old gossips to the bed-side of the sick, especially sick women, than can be imagined by those not acquainted with actual results. Don’t allow it! Put your foot upon it! And upon them also, if they won’t take a hint otherwise. Never permit whispering in a sick room! What the patient may not hear must not be said at all. Speak in low tones. But never whisper.

To Remove Fruit and Wine Stains. The stains produced by wines, fruits, and colored vegetables are by no means easy of removal. As soon as discovered, they should be thoroughly rubbed with a suds of borax soap and soft water ; dip repeatedly in sour butter- milk ; and dry in the sun ; rub on a thick paste of starch and water (cold), and expose to the rays of the sun for hours ; then wash out. One of the best methods of removing such stains from white goods, as table cloths, napkins, etc., is to soak them over night in a strong solution of chlorine water, and in the morning wash them in the usual manner, in good borax soapsuds. To set colors in calicoes, etc., before washing, dip them in ammonia water.

The Best Whitewash in the world is made as follows: half bushel unslacked lime, slack with boiling water; cover to keep steam in, strain when cool through a fine sieve. Add a peck of rock salt, previously dissolved in boiling water; three pounds ground rice; half pound powdered Spanish whiting-; 152 VESSEL-MASTEK’S MEDICAL MANUAL one pound clean glue, previously dissolved in the usual manner. Add live gallons of hot water, and cover, and let stand a fewr days. It should be applied hot as possible, and with a paint- brush. A pint of this wash will cover a square yard of surface ; it retains its brilliancy for years, and for wood, brick, or stone-work is as good as oil paint. There is nothing better as a wiiitewash known.

Good Teeth. Best Dentifrice. A set of good, clean, sound, healthy teeth, is an element of beauty in any human being, male or female, through the whole of God’s glad creation. It is a mighty convenient thing to have also, as every unfortunate who has experienced the loss of one will readily inform you. We abuse our teeth, as we do everything else wr e possess, as soon as wr e are old enough to have them. Picking them with all sorts ofimproper instruments, we knock off the enamel, and thus open the way to early looseness and decay. Neglect of proper washing after meals isanother positive and direct road to ruin for the finest mouthful of teeth a man or woman ever possessed. Let every child comply with the following simple directions, and teeth- ache, dentists, and Sozodont, will all have to find other employment or a home in “Kingdom come.” Immediately after each meal, when you rise from the table, take a little piece of muslin or a soft brush, and remove all particles of food from the teeth, and then rinse the mouth thoroughly with cold water. Each morning when you rise from bed use the following dentifrice, which is the best and cheapest in the world : Pulver- ized orrisroot, pulverized charcoal, and common AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 153 table salt; mix in equal parts. Use a rag and a little water. A brush is too hard. Eyes vs. Spectacles. Don’t put on glasses or spectacles until you are positively compelled to do so. The eyes, like all the other organs of the human system, were intended by our beneficent Creator to last us as long as we live ; and if we are taught in childhood to take proper care of them, they will do so. Glass eyes were never contemplated in our original construction, any more than were wooden legs. Both are the results of the chapter of accidents. But we learn much earlierto take care of our legs than of our eyes ; hence there are in use five hundred pairs of glasses for every pair of wooden legs. John Quincy Adams, of Massachusetts, lived to be eiglity-six years old, and never had to wear spectacles. Thousands of others have done the same. Are their eyes constructed differently from yours or mine ? By no means. But as Mr. Adams himself tells us, his attention was called to the value of good eyesight at a very early age; and he at once commenced using the means to preserve it. The eyeball in a healthy state is perfectly round, and were it always kept so, spectacles had never been invented. But by rubbing the eye down from the nose in washing, the 'eyeball* becomes flat- tened, and the sight impaired. Always wash to- ward your nose, and your eyesight will always be good. The “Perambulator.” The idea may be deemed exceedingly vulgar, but unfortunately it is nevertheless true, that nearly every house in this country is infested 154 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL with that little perambulating pest known as the bed-bug. He is a nuisance of the first water ; an eighteen carat scalawag ; and an un- mitigated cuss, pure and simple. He is most emphatically, “ the pestilence which walketh in darkness,” and the marauder which stinketh at noon-day. He is a friendless cuss; his hand is against everybody, and everybody’s hand is against him. How to quelch him, how to banish him from our homes and beds, is a question which has vexed more pious housewives, than any doctrinal point in Paul’s Epistle to the He- brews. The following methods are recommended: They cannot stand alum. Take two pounds of finely pulverized alum, dissolve in four quarts of boiling water. Apply hot as possible to every crevice and joint of the bedstead, floor, and washboard around the room, and to every place where the bugs find a hiding-place. Apply it freely, and you will have no more trouble from them that season. If they have entrenched themselves, and seemingly taken possession of the room, then close the windows tightly, stop up the keyhole and cracks around the door, then take four ounces of sulphur, and one ounce of alcohol, put on a large shovel, place the whole in an iron or tin vessel and set fire to the brimstone and shut the door. In an hour or two they’ll be no more. Hair Dye. Don’t color your hair. It is difficult to improve on the natural hues. And as the eyes and complexion generally match the hair, coloring the latter would seem little short of ridiculous. However, if you must dye, here is the best, most harmless, and cheapest “ hair dye ” known: AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 155

Take of unslacked lime, two ounces ; litharge, six drams, powder finely, and pass through a fine sieve. Add as much hot water as will make a paste thick as cream. Mix well and apply thoroughly to the hair, on retiring for the night; after saturating the hair well, wrap in common brown paper or cabbage leaves, then a towel, and over all a nightcap. In the morning, wash thoroughly with soap and water, after combing out the dry powder, and dress the hair with “ Melville’s Magic Scalp Cleaner.” This is the finest hair dressing ever invented, and the cheapest.

To Make Shoes Wear Well. Fjll both sole and upper with linseed oil, until they will absorb no more. Lay aside for a month or two. Tokeep the water out of boots and shoes treat them to a coating of tallow and resin in equal parts, melted over the fire until perfectly mixed. Should you desire them to take an immediate polish, mix beeswax, turpentine and lampblack in equal quantities, and apply cold two days after the tallow and resin. They’ll shine like a bottle. Menorrliagia, and Uterine Hemor- rhage.* By special request, I here insert some remarks upon the subject of menorrhagia, and uterine hemorrhage: The subject is certainly one of sufficient im- *Any person wishing to consult Dr. Melville upon this or any other subject, can do so by letter, with perfect freedom and confidence, beingassured ofrespectful attention. 156 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL portance to need no apology for its introduction into a work of this character. Menorrhagia is an excessive flow of the menstrual or monthly discharge in females, and is generally superinduced by weakness, leucorrhoea, or whites, and improper employments, during the existence of the catamenial discharge. It is extremely weaken- ing in its effects, and unless promptly checked, will soon reduce the patient to a state of great debility. In most cases, perfect rest, in a horizontal position, with the feet elevated a foot or two above the elevation of the head, will give relief. If not, dissolve one dram of gallic acid in a pint of cold water, and syringe the birthplace every hour, throwing in from two to four ounces each time, and retaining it there as long as possible. (Remain in the horizontal position with the feet elevated,) and take tincture of opium, 15 drops every three hours, until sixty drops are taken. Or“ Diaphoretic Powders,” (opium, camphor, ipecac, capsicum, and cream of tartar,) fifteen grains, in a dessertspoonful of syrup or honey, every three hours until four doses are taken. Stop taking for twenty-four hours. Keep quiet, and the feet elevated. Uterine Hemorrhage, as understood in con- tradistinction to menorrhagia, is always produced by violence, and that violence is generally inflicted by the woman herself in the pursuit of improper and illegal practices. There is at this moment an advertisement going the rounds of the city, of the French pessary, the object of which is to gull the ignorant and vicious out of $5, for an article which is utterly worthless for the purpose for which it purports to be made. It is not new; but an article which every physi- AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 157 cian well knows and abominates, as a terrible humbug. Ladies, let pessaries severely alone ! They are only evil, and that continually ; for in addition to the original womb disease, that caused by wearing the pessary must be cured also. Accept no French pessaries from any one. If you have womb troubles consult a reliable physician. Your own tampering with pessaries will only make you worse. For uterine hemorrhage, the following are the best prescriptions known: Take sulphuric acid, five drams; spirits turpentine, two drams; alcohol, tw'o drains. Mix the turpentine and acid slowly; then add alcohol; stop tightly. Dose: forty drops in sugar every three hours. Another: Take of benzoic acid, one dram; pulverized alum, three drams; water, four and a half ounces. Mix, and syringe the birthplace every hour or two. M. Pagliari, a celebrated druggist at Rome, gives to the French army the following, as the best styptic, or blood-stopper, in the world: Tincture benzoin, eight ounces; alum, one pound; water, ten pounds. Boiled in a glazed earthen vessel together six hours. Keep stirring, and replace the vapor waste with hot water. Filter, and keep in stoppered bottles. Syringe as often as required. In uterine hemorrhage, wash out the clots, and continue the styptic syringing until the hemorrhage abates. Take of the tincture of the resin of Indian hemp, forty drops; alcohol, thirty drops; water, (distilled,) four ounces. Mix, and give the patient one-quarter of this every three or four hours. Take of dilute sulphuric acid, one dram. Tincture of opium, thirty VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL drops. Mix, and divide into four equal parts. Give one part every four hours in cinnamon water, say two or three ounces. The best results are often obtained from this prescription. When the patient is simply suffering from an excessive and long-continued catamenial discharge the following will be found useful: Let the patient take tincture of cinnamon, a dram every six hours, for fourteen days after the discharge has stopped, or if obstinate, one dose a day for a month. Poultices. Slippery elm bark and flaxseed meal make one of the best poultices known. Make a mush of the meal, and sprinkle on about one-quarter as much of the elm bark. Apply hot as possible. Bread and milk. Heat your milk, and it over the bread, after reducing to crumb. Siuroil until perfectly soft, stir well, and mix in a little unsalted lard or sweet oil to keep from sticking. Corn meal. Indian meal, five tablespoonfuls ; rye flour, one tablespoonful, sift it through your fingers into boiling \>ater, stirring all the time ; boil well, and add a little oil as above. Apples, pared, cored, and boiled to a soft pulp form an excellent poultice. Hops, scalded in hot vinegar, and applied to old ulcers, swellings and the like, are very good and cleansing. Boil a handful of hops for five minutes in a pint of water, strain, and thicken the liquor with Indian meal, boil five minutes, and add a little lard, and you have a nicepoultice. Starch, in any quantity necessary ; thicken with boiling water. Add a little oil. AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 159

Yeast. Wheat flour, one pound ; yeast, half pint; mix over a gentle tire, until it begins to rise, then apply hot. Spice. Cinnamofl, allspice, ginger and cloves in equal parts ; pulverize and mix in honey or syrup. Mustard. Take ground mustard seed and rye flour, equal parts; make into a paste with water and add a little lard to prevent sticking. Alum. White of two eggs, broken into a plate, and with a lump of alum stir into a curd ; wrap in muslin so that only one thickness comes between the poultice and the skin. Brown sugar and soap make an excellent poultice for a boil. White lily root, four ounces and figs one pound, meal four ounces, boiled in pint and half Water, until well mixed, form an excellent poultice for running sores and swellings. Boiled carrot, or even raw carrot finely grated, makes another very superior poultice. Chamomile flowers boiled with the tops of wormwood, and applied to inflamed surfaces, will quickly reduce the inflammation. Lettuce leaves boiled soft, make an excellent poultice to x-elieve acute pain.

To Prevent Sunstroke. Those persons who are compelled to expose themselves to the sun’s rays in extreme hot weather, should always carry a wet handker- chief or towel in the top of the hat, wetting it occasionally as it becomes dry. If farmers and others who can obtain them will always carry a large plantain, burdock or cabbage leaf in their hats, they will never be sunstruck. 160 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL Food for the Sick. Beef tea. Take half pound of pood lean beef, cut in thin slices ; put into a bowl, and {>our over it one pint of boiling water; let stand )y the fire half hour, to steep, (not boil.) Pour off the juice and squeeze out the debris ; season the liquor with a little salt, and give to patient. Beef extract. Take two pounds of good, juicy, fresh beef, remove all the fat; chop fine like sausage-meat; put in a saucepan with one quart of water, and place near the fire where it will heat very slowly. Let stand two hours before coming to boil; stir occasionally. Let boil fifteen minutes; season properly. Pour off. strain, and bottle for use, after skimming off all the fat. This is one of the best preparations in use. Chicken hroth. Take a chicken, (old one is best,) boil to shreds; season with salt. Keep thin by adding water: when done, skim, strain, and put away in an earthen or glass vessel, to be used as required. When given to the patient, toasted bread, boiled rice, or barley may be added. Chickenpanada. Boil a grown chicken in two quarts of water. When nearly done, remove the skin, and cut off all the white meat which reduce to a pulp in a mortar. Add a quantity of the broth, and season with salt, and a little grated lemon peel. Then add water and boil. Make it thin, about the consistency of gruel, and when served to the patient, bread crumbs, rice, barley, unbolted flour, and other things may be added. Barley gruel. Boil quarter pound of pearl AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 161 barley in three quarts of water down to one quart. Strain, and sift in a little pulverized cinnamon, and sweeten to taste; add half pint of milk, and warm and use as required. Calves’feet broth. Take two calves’ feet, well dressed, split open and cut off all the fat; add about four ounces lean veal; boil in three or four quarts of water, to about three pints. Add a crust of bread, four inches long, by three wide, a little salt and one-half a lemon peel; when boiled to a jelly it is ready for use. Let cool, skim and strain. If too thick reduce with water. Mutton broth. Take one pound of mutton, cut off all the fat, and add one quart of water, a little salt, and a few pieces of bread- crust; boil slowly for two hours; skim off the fat carefully, and it is ready for use. Arrow root blanc mange. Take of Ber- muda arrow root four ounces; sweet milk one pint; boil the milk with twelve sweet and six bitter almonds properly mashed. Strain and sweeten with loaf sugar. Then put the milk in a kettle, and stir in the arrow root, boiling hot; stir all the time it is boiling, say ten minutes. If you wish to mould it, first wet the mould in cold water, and pour in while warm. When cool, it will come out without sticking. When prepared as a sick diet, moulding is unnecessary. This is a light and nutritious article for the sick. Irish moss jelly. Take one ounce of Irish moss, and immerse for ten minutes in cold water; then wash through two waters, to remove the bitter taste. Add two quarts of water, and ten or fifteen grains of cinnamon bark, and boil to a thick jelly; strain and season 162 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL to taste with port wine, sherry, or, if for immediate use, lemon juice and white sugar. Wine Whey. Take one quart of new milk, and one pint of water, mix, and place over the fire ; when they begin to boil, add half pint sour wine ; boil slowly for fifteen minutes; during this time the curd collects, after which remove the curd, and the whey is ready for use. May be flavored to taste. Graham bread is made of unbolted wheat flour freshly ground. Wet the flour with lukewarm water, and use yeast and salt, as in wheat bread. Knead in sufficient flour to make it stiff; let stand until risen, and bake. This is the best bread in the world for dyspeptics, and persons troubled with a costive habit. Unlea\r ened bread is made as follows: Unbolted flour from winter wheat, salt, and with sweet milk make a batter as thick as cup cakes; with a spoon, drop into small tins, and bake in a quick oven, so hot that they will be well done in fifteen or twenty minutes. They may be eaten warm, as they are perfectly harmless. The Festive Mosquito. That “ musical hound of the fairy king,” the festive mosquito, is a social nuisance everywhere within the bounds of civilization. Hun- dreds of pious philosophers, who have muttered curses both loud and deep on his nightly inso- lence, have spent whole days and even weeks in trying to get clear of him. But like the Indian, and the English sparrow, the more you try to clear him out, the more he won’t go. The following plan, however, gets him worst of all: AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 163 Take a piece of gum camphor, about the size of a hickory nut, and ignite it over a lamp, candle or gas: take care that it does not blaze. The smoke, which is not disagreeable, will soon fill the room, and every mosquito will take an un- ceremonious leave.

Insects on Trees and Plants. Caterpillars, grubs, and the whole army of marauders, that destroy the foliage of trees and plants, may be put to rout by the following simple means : Dissolve whale oil soap in warm water, make a strong suds and sprinkle the tree or plant with a metal syringe; they cannot stand it. Or take half pound of rotten tobacco, (some think it is all rotten,) pour over it two quarts of boiling water, and let stand three hours. This juice is fatal to all insect life. Apply it by syringe or any other way.

Perspiration. To neutralize .the unpleasant odors arising from perspiration: Put a tablespoonful of ammonia water, in the basin of water when you wash. Try it. This instinct will abate the outstink. Tobacco. This article is not written for those whose systems and consciences are saturated with a tobacco habit of twenty-five or thirty years’ standing: I do not expect that any amount of moral reasoning will reach them. But to the young, to those who are just entering life’s rosy portal, and who are not yet one “ bundle of habits,” let me say, shun tobacco ! Shun it, in 164 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MAMJAL all its various forms and shapes ; shun it, as you would the plague, or the leprosy; it is more deadly than either! The numbers sent by it annually to an untimely grave are legion. It has no virtues whatever, and every known vice ! It is filthy, ungentlemanly, and disgusting. It is unhealthy and unrefined to use it. Therefore, shun it! Eating. The most common things in life are those of which we know the least, and consequently are most neglected. Eating, which all must do every day, the celebrated Dr. Tanner excepted, is an illustration. We eat too much ; we eat too fast; and we eat at improper times. There can be no general rule laid down as to the quantity we may require to supply the waste of nature; but stuffing is a common and crying evil. Eat a fair amount; eat at regular hours every day ; say 7 A. M., 1 and 6 p. m., and never under any circumstances eat between meals, or before going to bed at night. The violation of this rule is a fruitful source of dyspepsia, “ nervousness ” and general debility. Emmenag’og’iies. Emmenagogues are a class of medicines which encourage and promote the catamenial discharge. Three out of every four women in this country, who have passed the age of puberty, are suffering more or less, to-day, from irregularity of the menses. Many go through life, martyrs in this cause, and never dream of freedom and health, until nature, by that other change, removes the cause of a lifetime of suffering. The great fault in these cases lies in the AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 165 ignorance and mock-modesty of tlie mother. I said to a lady yesterday. “Your daughter is rapidly approaching womanhood : have you instructed her in the nature and influence of that change?” “No, indeed! I had to find it out myself: let her do it also,” was the reply. This woman had been a sufferer all her life from this cause, and this criminal negligence on her part, to instruct her daughter in one of the most important of nature’s functions, will recoil on herself in due time. Mothers, subdue your mock-modesty ! Perform your whole duty with your daughters! Teach them the use as well as the abuse of nature’s important organs and functions; and your own consciences will then be clear in case of physical or moral shipwreck. There are but few medicines which act directly on the uterus or womb; ergot being about the only one known to exercise a direct influence over this organ, and that influence is confined to increasing its expulsive power. To insure success with this class of remedies, the system of the patient must first be prepared for their use. If there be general debility, and relaxa- tion, give tonics to improve the health: if there be an undue degree of arterial action, on the other hand, reduce by means of laxatives and narcotics. The following are some of the means which may with perfect safety be used to promote the menstrual discharge, when inter- rupted by any innocent, natural cause. (N. B. The following remedies are intended to apply only in cases of nongravidity: in pregnancy, they are worse than useless ; they are actually pernicious.) When the change to womanhood is expected, and the first signs are slow in their 166 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL development, the feet of the patient should be soaked in mustard water hot as can be borne, from three to five times each week. Prepare also the following teas, (or any one of them.) Blue cohosh, (can be found at any botanic drug store,) one ounce; pour over it one quart boiling water, and let steep one hour. It is then fit for use. Drink of this freely during the day, and at night on retiring; after the mustard foot bath, drink a full half pint. Red raspberry leaves, made into tea in a similar manner, are also most excellent for this purpose. Pennyroyal is also useful in the same disease. Hot hop poultices applied over the pubes ; hot sand bags, or compress of hot water, all applied to the lower abdomen, after retiring for the night, are considered useful : let them remain on until cool, after which time they are useless. If you do not succeed the first time, don’t give up, but try it again. If, after giving these remedies, and such others as may be recommended a fair trial, you fail, then send for “ Melville’s Female Monthly Pills,” which are prepared to order only, and which will be warranted for the purpose for which they ate made. Price $2.50 per box. There are many kinds of pills advertised for this purpose, but the basis of most of them is aloes; a dangerous poison, which must only be used under the direction of a good physician. Horses. “Themerciful man is merciful to his beast,” saith the proverb; and, verily, the proverb saith truly! The horse is man’s nearest and best companion; and it is wonderful what a world of intelligence and affection he is capa- AND PAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 167 ble of developing, when treated kindly, and studied closely. I have made horses a study, (as well as jackasses,) and have never found the former deficient in gratitude for an act of kind- ness rendered, whatever I may be compelled to say of the latter. Now, I am not the “ Horse Editor” of this book, and I do not intend to write a treatise on the “Rise and Progress” of “ Horseology in America.” But I wish simply to call attention to a few things in which, I tliink, the comfort of both horse and driver may be promoted. Throw away your check-lines and blinkers. Your horse regards them as an intolerable nuisance, and he will thank you with his best bow when they are removed. Pay particular attention to your harness; see that it is as light as is consistent with strength, and that every part fits the horse easily and correctly. Don’t let him stand in the rain or the sunshine if you can avoid it; and when unavoidable, make the stop as short as possible. Always blanket in winter, and shade in summer. The horse is very fond of a bath, and manifests his enjoyment of it in the most unmistakable manner: try him. Do you know of any way to keep the flies from tor- menting him in extremely hot weather V No ? Well, then, Iwill tell you. Greenwalnut leaves, and the green nuts, are boiled in water over night, and the horse’s coat is rubbed over with the liquor before he leaves the stable. It is intensely bitter, and the flies will give it a wide berth. Nutgalls infused in water have the same effect. And it pays. Fish berries soaked in alcohol, and then mixed with water, applied in the same way, will kill all the flies as they taste it. 168 VESSEL-MASTEE'S MEDICAL MANUAL Dr. Melville’s Family Medicines. Put up to order only. Melville’s Magic Liver Powders, price $2 per dozen. By mail. Melville’s “Elixir of Life,” small bottles $1, large, $2. By express. Melville’s Monthly Female Pills, price $2.50. By mail. Melville’s Monthly Female Elixir, price $1.50. By express. Melville’s Fever and Ague Remedy, price $5. By express. Melville’s Course of Treatment for Prolapsus Uteri. Melville’s Sure Neuralgia Cure, price $1. Melville’s Magic Cough Remedy, (three day cure,) 50 cts. and $1. Melville’s Preventative for Small-pox, and Scarlatina, $1 per quart. Melville’s Magic Eye Lotion, for weak and sore eyes, 50 cts. and $1. Melville’s Magic Scalp Cleaner and Ilair Dressing, $1. Melville’s “Traveller's Safety Box,” a treasure.) $3. Melville’s Magic Cure for Incontinence of Urine, child $1, adults $2. Melville’s Treatment for St. Vitus’ Dance. Melville’s Magic Treatment for “Bright’s Disease.”

Cautionary Signals on a Lea-sliore. A word in private to sailors and others who are compelled to be much alone: There are few people on earth who are so strongly tempted AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 169 to indulge in solitary vice as “Poor Jack.” Alone on the deck, in his midnight watch in mid ocean, far away from home and those he loves; every opportunity is offered for the indulgence, of the dangerous nature of which he is perhaps profoundly ignorant! The vice is known by the name of masturbation ; and is nothing more nor less than an attempt to produce the pleasures of sexual intercourse with the hand. It is impossible to go into a scientific treatise on the whys and the wherefores of the injuries you infiict on yourselves by indulgence in this terrible practice, in a work of this nature ; but rest assured, take the word of an old man who has been in the practice of medicine for more than forty-six years, and has seen this terrible evil in all its naked deformity in the hospitals to which it had consigned its victims, and if you have formed the habit, break it off at once and forever! If you have not formed it, thank God, and take courage, and fight against it to the end. There is no evil, physical, moral, or mental, of which it is not the prolific parent. It under- mines the constitution, and saps the very foundation of moral honesty. It breaks down the barriers of courage and honor, and robs its victims of their manhood, their frankness, and their self-respect. It makes cowards, poltroons and knaves of its victims, and clothes them with meanness, infamy and shame ! In a short time the victim loses his self-respect; he cannot look his fellow-men in the face; conscious guilt makes him hang his head, and he goes through the world branded with the curse of Cain, his hand against every man, and consequently 170 VESSEL-MASTEK’S MEDICAL MANUAL every man’s hand against him. As Burns said of another vice:

“ I waive the quantum of the sin, And hazard of concealing; But oh ! it hardens all within, It petrifies the feeling ! ” It carries, to a certain extent, its own punish- ment with it. After a very short career this vice stamps itself on the countenance of its victim, and he becomes “ his own epistle, known and read of all.” He loses his distinctive character ; becomes silent, sour, morose; loses his energy and ambition ; becomes a coward ; and is frightened at the merest trifles; his strength fadeth away like a tale that is told, and his manly beauty consumeth like ashes 1 He loses his self-respect, and his admiration for the other sex, and sinks away into solitude that he may indulge in his fatal infatuation unseen 1 He soon becomes unfitted for the performance of life’s duties ; sneaks through life whipped by shame, and shunned by all decent people, and finally dies in a mad-h'ouse, with silence for a monument 1 Be warned, then, and shun it forever. Sound Sense. A word in relation to patent medicines and quack nostrums: do not be deceived, the whole tribe, the entire “seed, breed and generation” of them are only evil and that continually. I do not wish to insinuate that because a medicine is advertised it is therefore worthless ; far from it. But, unfortunately, the most worthless AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 171 is generally the ffiost extensively advertised. Nearly all patent medicines claim too much. Take up the first newspaper that comes to hand, and read how the celebrated Dr. Grinder, who flourished some two hundred years ago, discovered, and kept as a profound secret, a universal cure-all, a few bottles of which are represented as an effectual cure for all the ills to which humanity is heir. It has never yet failed to cure kidney and bladder complaints; lung, heart, liver"and stomach diseases; gravel, and Bright’s disease. Rheumatism, gout, neuralgia and spinal troubles all disappear before it, like dew before the sun. The secret of compounding this invaluable succedanium has just been rediscovered by the “ Grinder Medical Com- pany,” (not one member of which, probably, ever received a common school education,) at whose office it is manufactured. “For sale by all druggists.” Every sensible man knows that as all diseases are not produced by one cause, so no one remedy can remove the cause of all diseases. No man who has a fine gold watch to clean and repair puts it into the hands of a carpenter or the keeper of a fancy goods store to be manipulated by them. Neither should any man submit that most wonderful piece of ma- chinery, that “ harp of a thousand strings,” the human system, to the tender mercies of the druggist and the patent medicine vendor. Verily, my comrades, such things should not be. If you are sick, consult a regular physician, one whose years and experience will give weight to his opinions, and value to his advice. Shun all patent medicines as you would the plague ; if you do not, they may eventually give 172 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL you ailments, compared to which the plague is a mere trifle. For at the foundation of many of the popular patent medicines, lay poisons which can only be harmless under the manipu- lation of intelligent and well-trained physicians. GENERAL TREATMENT OF POISONING. These tables should be firmly fixed in the memory. Use the stomach pump, if possible. Mineral or Inorganic Poisons. POISON. REMEDY. Acids. Give carbonates of soda, pot- Acetic, citric, ash, lime and magnesia. muriatic, sul- All are remedies for poisons phuric. of this kind. For muriatic acid, no water must be given : it pi'oduces too much heat. Nitric, oxalic. Carbonates of lime and magnesia alone must be given. Carbolic acid. Has no special antidote. Treat as other irritant acid poisons. White of eggs, milk, etc. Prussic, laurel Chlorine water: ammonia water, nitro- not more than half dram to benzine, oil of a pint. Apply cold water bitter almonds. to the head. Alkalies Castor oil; linseed oil; olive and salts: car- oil; lemon-juice ; vinegar ; bonate ammo- citric and tartaric acids. nia, caustic potash. AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 173 POISON. REMEDY.

Antimony. Tickle throat with a feather Butter of anti- until vomiting is produced ; mony, oxide of large draughts of warm antimony, tar- water; infusions of oak tar emetic. bark, Peruvian bark, should be given immediately. Arsenic. Fine precipitated carbonate of iron every five or ten minutes ; five to ten grains White arsenic. in a glass of water. Creosote. It is neutralized promptly by Arsenious acid. white of eggs. Emerald green. Diffused iron and ammonia, Yellow ai'senic. or diffused iron and mag- Fowler’s Solu- nesia are antidotes for ar- tion. senious acid and yellow Fly poison. arsenic. Orpiment. Large draughtsof lime water; Paris green. sesqui-chloride of iron. Realgar. Emetic of sulphate of zinc Scheele’s green. fifteen or twenty grains, and ipecac ten grains, in glass of warm water: slippery ehn tea in large quantities ; counter irritants before the stomach is emptied. No acid drinks. Baryta. Sulphate of magnesia (Epsom Chloride. salts) is a safe and prompt Nitrate. antidote for poisoning by these preparations of baryta. 174 VESSEL-MASTEE’S MEDICAL MANUAL POISON. REMEDY. Copper Milk; white of eggs; give no and salts. vinegar; reduce inflamma- Verdigris. tion in the ordinary way. Pickles. Quiet the nervous system ; morphia. Bismuth Milk and sweet mucilaginous and salts. drinks, as barley water, Pearl powder. gum-arabic water; leeches; bleeding; clysters; subdue inflammation. Chomium Smart emetic, (see fly poison;) Gases. magnesia and chalk ; chlo- Chloroform, car- rine; inhale ammonia or bonic acid, coal ether; ice to the head; gas. blood-letting; artificial res- piration. Iodine. Iodine forms an insoluble Iodide potas- compound with starch, sium. farina, wheat flour, etc.; mix largely with water and give promptly. For iodide of potassa, vomit with warm water. Iron. Carbonate of soda, twenty Copperas. grains in glass of water ; barley water; gum-arabic water. Lead. Epsom salts; phosphate of Acetate, carbo- soda; from half to one nate, litharge, ounce in water, for the so- Goulard’s ex- luble salts. For solids, di- tract. lute sulphuric acid, ten drops in water; iodide of potassiumfor chronic cases. AND PAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 175 POISON. REMEDY.

Mercury. Albumen ; white of eggs; White precipi- milk ; wheat flour beaten tate, red precip- with water; give promptly ; itate, corro- pulv. iron, enclosed in sive sublimate, gold leaf ; iron filings ; vermilion. reduce inflammation as usual.

Silver. Common salt, given prompt- Lunar caustic. ly ; teaspoonful is a dose; repeat if necessary. Tin. Large draughts of milk. Treat symptoms. Zinc. Carbonate of soda; milk ; Acetate, sul- eggs; relieve vomiting phate, white with copious draughts of vitriol. warm water. Phosphorus. Prompt vomit, (see fly Matches, etc. poison ;) magnesia. Vegetable Poisons. Irritant. Aloes. If the poison has caused vom- Bryony. iting, give warm water or Celandine. thin gruel. If insensibility Colocynth. comes on without vomiting Croton oil. give sulphate of zinc, and Cubebs. afterwards a smart purga- Elaterium. tive. Then give strong Euphorbium. coffee and vinegar and Gamboge. water; camphor mixture Jalap. with ether may be given ; 176 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL POISON. REMEDY. Mezereon. warmth; friction; bro- Poke. mine; chlorine; iodine tan- Savin oil. nic acid and animal char- Tansy oil. coal, are recommended as Wake Robin, useful. etc., etc. Aconite. Acronarcotic, (those that act Atropia. on the brain and other or- Baneberry. gans,) and narcotic, (those Belladonna. that act on the brain alone.) Blood root. Evacuate the stomach with Calabar bean. tartar emetic, two grains, Camphor. in warm water; or sulph. Cherry laurel. zinc, twenty grains in Cocculuslndicus. water; give enema of Colchicum. strong soapsuds; give no Curare. vegetable acids until after Dogbane. the poison is expelled from Digitalis. the stomach. If sleepiness Ergot. or insensibility appear, Gelseminum. walk your patient around, Hellebore. and keep him awake. Elec- Hemlock. tro-magnetism if a battery Henbane. can be had; bromine; chlo- Lobelia. rine ; iodine ; are all good. Nux vomica. Hypodermicinjections(that Opium. is under the skin,) of mor- Poison oak. phia have been found useful Rue. in cases of poisoning with Squill. atropia, and in all cases of Stramonium. poisoning by sti’amonium Tobacco. or belladonna, and other Veratria veride. drugs of a similar nature ; Wild cherry. constant and even violent AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 177 POISON. REMEDY. Wild orange. action, as shocking, etc., is Etc., etc. highly recommended by those who have tried it. Medicines by Measure, Instead of Weight. A dram is about a teaspoonful: Four teaspoonfuls are equal to a tablespoonful, or one-half ounce. Two teaspoonfuls are equal to a dessertspoonful, and four des- sertspoonfuls, or two tablespoonfuls, are equal to one ounce. A pint is 16 fluid ounces. Dry Measure. A tumblerful is 8 f. ounces. Tablespoon holds i ounce. A teacupful is 4 f. ounces. Dessertspoon holds A wineglassful is 2 f. 2 drams. ounces. Teaspoon holds 1 dram, or A tablespoonful is 1 f. sixty grains. ounce. A teaspoonful is 1 f. dram. Apothecaries’ Avoirdupois Weight. Weight. 1 grain is marked gr. 20 grainsmake 1 scruple is equal 3. 1 drachm to 27.- 3 scruples make 1 dram 3. 34175 Troy grains. 8 drams make 1 ounce 16 drams 1 ounce. 12 ouncesmake 1 pound lb. 16 ounces 1 pound. 14 pounds 1 stone. weight. Apothecaries’ Fluid 8 stone 1 hundred Measure. 20 hundred weight 1 ton. 1 minim f marked m. Troy Weight.* 60 minims one fluid dram /. 3. 24 grains make 1 penny- fluid drams fluid weight. 8 one 20 pennyweights make 1 ounce/. 16 fluid ounces one pint O. ounce. 12 ounces make 1 pound. ♦Used in weighing gold, silver and precious stones, etc. ■(■In manv instances a minim is equivalent to a drop. 178 YESSEL-MASTEE’S MEDICAL MANUAL Meaning- of Words used in tlie following Table. Absorbents. Are agents which take up fluids. Alteratives. Change the action, from diseased to healthy. Antacids. Neutralize acids; carbonates are used for that purpose. Anti-spasmodics. Subdue spasms. Anthelmintics. Subdue and- eradicate worms from the system. Arterial Sedatives. Reduce vital action. Arterial Stimulants. Excite vital action. Astringents. Contract, or draw up the living tissues. Cathartics. Evacuate the bowels. Chalybeates. Contain iron in certain quantities. Demulcents. Are bland, unirritating substances. Diaphoretics. Promote perspiration. Diuretics. Increase the flow of urine. Emetics. Produce vomiting. Emollients. Soften and soothe irritated surfaces. Emmenagogues. Promote the menstrual flow. Epispastics and Vesicants. Produce blistering. Errhines. Encourage discharges from the nostrils. Escharotics. Burn and destroy the skin with which they come in contact. Expectorants. Encourage spitting and promote secre- tions from the lungs. Excito-Motor Stimulants. Act on the motor nerves, through the spinal marrow. Febrifuges. Subdue fevers. Narcotics. Excite the nerves of the brain. Nervous Sedatives. Reduce nervous power, and the force of circulation. Prophylactics. Prevent diseases. Rubefacients. Inflame the skin, without blistering. Sialagogues. Promote the flow of saliva, or spittle. Sudorifics. Promote perspiration. Styptics. Control the flow of blood. They are powerful astringents. Tonics. Key up, and excite general action. AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 179 A Table of Doses of Medicines for Adults.

With name, character, and amount to be taken, to produce certain results Name. Character. Dose. Aconite Leaves Nar. Sed. Nau. 10 to 15 drops 3 times (Tinct.) a day. Aconite Root (Tinct.) Nar. Sed. Nau. 4 to 8 drops 3 times a day. Aconite Root, Fid. Narcotic and Seda- 5 to 6 drops 3 times a Ext. tive. day. Aconite Root, Solid Narcotic and Seda- *4 t° x/i grain S.tiines Ext. tive. a day. Agrimony Decoction. Laxative and Tonic. Tablespoonful 4 hours apart. Alder, blk., Decoc- Tonic and Astringent. Tablespoonful 4 hours tion. apart. Alder, tag, Decoction. Alterative and Astrin- Tabiespoonful 4 hours gent. apart. Aloes Socotrine Purgative. 8 to 12 grains. Powdered. Aloes Socotrinecomp. Purg. and Emmen. 1 to 2 tablespoonfuls. Decoc. Aloes Socotrine Tinc- Purgative. 2 to 5 drams at bed- ture. time. Aloes Socotrine Pills. Purgative. 2 or 3 pills at bedtime. Aloes, Tinct. of and Emmenagogue. Teasiioonful 3 times a Myrrh. day. Aloesand Myrrh, Pills Emmenagogue. 2 or 3 pills, twice a of. day. Alum, Powdered. Astringent. 5 to 10 grains. Alum, burned. Escharotic, (use ex- 5 or 10 grains. ternally.) American Hellebore. Arterial Sedative. 3 to 5 drops every 4 hours. American Hellebore, Arterial Sedative. 6 to 10 drops every 4 Norw’ood’s Tinct. hours. American ColumboTonic. Tablespoonful 3 times Decoc. a day. Ammoniac Mixture. Expectorant. Tablespoonful 3 times a day. Ammonia (Carbonate Stimulant. 4 to 6 grains every 4 of). hours. Ammonia(Muriate of) Stimulant. 10 to 15 grains. (Sal Ammo.) 180 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL

Name. Character. Dose. Ammonia (Aromatic Stimulant. 15 to 20 drops in Spirits). water. Ammonia Water Stimulant and Caus- 8 to 10 drops in water. (Spts. Hartshorn). tic. Ammonia (Volatile Rubefacient. Apply externally. Lini.) Angelica Root, Fid. Stim. and Aromatic. Teaspootiful 3 times a ' Ext. day. AngelicaRoot, Decoc. Stim. and Aromatic. Wineglassful 2 or 3 times a day. Anise Seed (Oil of). Carmin. and Aromat. 5 to 10 dropson sugar. Anise Seed, Essence Carmin. and Aromat. Teaspoonful. of. Anise Seed Infusion. Carmin. and Aromat. I or 2 tablespoonfuls. Antimonial Wine. Emetic. 1 to 3 drams. Antimonial Powder Sudorific. 2 to 5 grains. (James’.) Apple Tree Bark, Tonic. Wineglassful 2 or 3 Decoc. times a day. Arrow Root, (Bermu- Nutritive and Tonic. Use as a gruel. da.) Arsenic (Donovan’s Alterative. 4 to 10 drops 3 times Sol.) a day. Arsenic (Fowler’s Alterative and Febri- 6 to 12 drops 3 times Sol.) fuge. a day. Assafoetida (Milk of). Anti spasmodic. 1 or 2 pills, 3 to 5 grains each. Assafcetida (Pills of). Anti-spasmodic. Teaspoonful or two, 2 times a day. Assafoetida ( T i n c t. Anti-spasmodic. 25 or 30 drops 2 times of). a day. Avetis Root (Decoc. Tonic and Astrin- Tablespoonful 2 or 3 of). gents. times a day. Balm Gilead Buds Stim. Tonic and Diu- Teuspoonful 2 or 3 Tinct. retic. times a day. Balmony (Decoc. of). Tonic and Cathartic. Wineglassful at bedtime. Balmony (Fid. Ext. Tonic and Cathartic. Teaspoonful at bed- of). time. Balsam Copaiba. Stim. Diur. and Lax. 20 to 25 drops 3 times a day. Balsam of Fir. Diuretic. 10 to 20 drops 3 or 4 times a day. Balsam of Peru. Stim. and Tonic. 5 to 10 drops 2 timesa day. Balsam of Tolu Stim. and Tonic. 30 to 45 drops daily. (Tinct.) AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 181 Name. i Character. 1 Dose.

Balsam of Tolu Stim. and Tonic. - teaspoonfuls daily. (Syrup). i Bay berry Bark (Infu- Astr., Stim., Emetic. ;T tablespoonful at bed- sion). time. Belladonna, Eld. Ext. Narcotic, Diaph. and 2 to 5 drop*, repeat 4 of. Diur. j hours. Belladonna, Solid Ext. Narcotic, Diaph. and }4 to y<2 grain twice a Diur. j day. Belladonna (Plaster). Anodyneand Diuretic. Apply externally. Belladonna (Oint- externally. ment). AnodyneandDiuretic.j jApply Benue Plant (Infu- Dem. and Laxative, jTablespomini every sion). j ! 3 or 4 hours. Beth Boot (Decoc. of). Astringentand Tonic.' iTablespoonful every I I | 3 or 4 hours. Beth Root (Fid. Ext. Astringent and Tonic. 20 or 25 drops 3 times of). I | a day. Bitter Root (Fid. Ext. Altera., Emetic and 20 or 3 i drops 2 times of). Diap. adav. Bitter Root (Decoc. Altera., Emetic and 2 or 3 teaspoonfuls 2 of). Diap. times a day. Bitter Sweet (Decoc. Emetic and Narcotic.: Wineglass 3 times a of). day. Bitter Sweet (Fid. Emetic and Narcotic. 25 or 30 drops3 limes Ext. of). a day. Bitter Bugle(Fid.Ext. Astringent and Tonic. 25 to 36 drops 3 times of ). a day. Black Drop. Narcotic. 8 to 10 drops 3 times a day. Black Cohosh (Decoc. Nar.,Diaph. and Diur. Wineglass 3 times a of). day. Black Cohosh (Fid. Nar., Diaph. and Diur. 20 to 25 drops 3 times Ext. of). a day. Black Cohosh (Tinct. Nar., Diaph. and Diur. Teaspoonful 3 or 4 of). times a day. Black Hellebore Hyd., Cath. and Emm. 2 teaspoonfuls every 5 (Decoc. of). hours. Black Hellebore (Fid. Hyd., Cath. and Emm. 10 to 20 drops 3 or 4 Ext. of). times a day. Black Hellebore Ilyd., Cath. and Emm. 2 to 3 grains 3 or 4 (Solid Ext. of). times a day. Black Hellebore! ;Hyd., Cath. and Emm. 20 or 30 drops 3 or 4 (Tinct. of). ! times a day. Blackberry Root ; Astringentand Tonic. Wineglass 3 or 4 times (Decoc. of). a day. Blackberry Root (Fid. Astringentand Tonic. Teuspoonful 3 times a Ext. of). j day. 182 VESSEL-MASTEE’S MEDICAL MANUAL Name. I Character. Dose. Blackberry Root Astringent. Tablespoonful 3 times (Symp of). a day. B 1 essed Thistl e Tonic and Emetic. Tablespoonful 3 times (Decoc. of). a day. Blue Cohosh (Fid. Diureticand Diaphor. 30 to 40 drops 3 times Ext. of). a day. Blue Cohosh (Decoc. Diuretic and Diaphor. Tablespoonful 3 times of). a day. Blood Root(Tinct.of). Emet. and Expector- 30 to 50 drops 3 times ant. a day. Bismuth (Subnitrate). Anti-spas.Absorb. Sed. 4 grains 2 timesa day. Blue Vitriol. Emetic. 1 to 2 grains or more. Blue Vitriol (Lotion). Rub externally. 3 or 4 grains in 1 m. Blue Mass (Pill). Altera, and Siala- 1, 2 or 3 pills (3 to 5 gogue. grains each). Boneset, Infusion. Stirn., Sud. and Emm. Tablespoonful 3 or 4 times a day. Boneset, Fid. Ext. Stim., Sud. and Emm. 20 to 30 drops 3 or 4 times a day. Borax. Nephritic and Deter. 201 to 30 grains. Buchu, Infusion. Diur. and Diaphoretic. Tablespoonful 3 or 4 times a day. Buchu, Fid. Ext. Diur. and Diaphoretic. Teaspoonful 3 or 4 times a day. Buchu, Tincture. Diur. and Diaphoretic. Dessertspoonful 4 to 6 i times a day. Buchu and TTva Ursi Diuretic and DiaphorJ 'Teaspoonful 3 or 4 (Fid. Ext.) | times a day. Buckthorn, Fid. Ext. Hydragogue Cathar- Teaspoon ful at bed- tic. time. Burdock, Decoc. Herb and Anti-Bcorb. Teaspoonful 3 or 4 times a day. Burdock, Fid. Ext. Herb and Anti-scorb. Teaspoonful twice a I day. Butternut, Fid. Ext. Tonic and Cathartic, i Teaspoonful. Butternut (Solid Ext.) Tonic and Cathartic. 10 to 15 grains. Burgundy Pitch Plas- Stimulant. Apply externally ter. Calomel. Alterative. to 1 grain every other night. Calomel. Sialagogue. 1 grain every 4 hours. Calomel. Purgative. 5 to 10 grains at night, 1 dose oil in morning. CamphorGum. Stim. and Narcotic. 5 to 10 grains. Camphor Gum. .Anti-spas, and Sedat. 2 to 5 grains. Camphor, Spirits. j j Anti-spas, and Sedat. 10 to 20 drops. Camphor, Spirits. i iStim. and Narcotic. 20 to 30 drops. AND EAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 183

Name. Chabacter. Dose. Camphor Water. Anodyne and Sed. 2 to 3 tea-poonfuls. Calamus Root, Fid..J Arom.,Stini.andStom. Teaspoon fu l. Ext. Caraway Seed, Infus. Arom. and Carm. Dessertspoonful. Caraway Seed Oil. Arom., Carm. and 3 to 5 drops. l time. C r a n e s b i 11 Root : Astrin., Styp. and Tablespoonful. (Decoc.) Tonic. Cranesbill Root (Fid. . Astrin., Styp. and 30 to 50 drops 4 times 'Ext.) Tonic. a day. Crampbark (Decoc.) Anti-spasmodic. Tablespoonful 3 times a day. Crawley (Decoc.) Bal. and Stom. Tablcs]>oonful 3 times a day. Creosote Water. Externally or gargle. Dram dilute for gargle. AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 185

Name. Character. Pose. Creosote. Anaesth. and Antisep. 1 to 3 drops (in pills). Cubebs (Powdered). Stim. and Diuretic. 20 to 30 grains 3 times a day. Cubebs, Fid. Ext. Stim. and Diuretic. 20 to 30 drops 3 times a day. Cubebs, Tinct. Stim. and Diuretic. Teaspoonful 3 times a day. Cubebs Oil. Stim. and Diuretic. 8 to 10 drops 3 timesa day. Culver’s Root (Fid. L a x a t., Tonic and 30 to 50 drops 3 times Ext.) Cath. a day. Culver’s Root (Solid Lax at., Tonic and 5 to 8 grains 3 times Ext.) Cath. a day. Culver’s Root(Tinct.) I. a x a t., Tonic and Teaspoonful 3 times a Cath. day. Dandelion (Fid. Ext.) Altera., Diur. and Teaspoon ful 3 times a Tonic. day. Dandelion Solid Aperient. 10 grains 3 times a Ext.) day. Devil’s Bit (Decoc.) Ton., Stom. and Nar. Teaspoonful 3 times a day. Dittany (Infusion). Arom., Stim. and Tablespoonful 3 times Tonic. a day. Dogwood Bark (Fid. Tonic, Astrin. and Teaspoonful 3 times a Ext.) Stim. day. Dogwood Bark Tonic, Astrin. and VVineglassful 3 or 4 ( Decoc.) Stim. times a day. Diaphoredc Powder. Sudor. 5 grains every 3 hours. Dover’s Powder. Diaphor. 8 to 12 grains at bedtime. Elder Flowers(Decoc) i Diaphor., Diur. and Tablespoonful 3 times Altera. a day. Elder Flowers (Fid. Diaphor., Diur. and Teaspoonful 3 times a Ext.) Altera. day. Elecampane (Decoc.) Diaph. and Expect. Tablespoonful 3 times a day. Elecampane (Syrup). Diaph. and Expect. Tablespoonful 3 times a day. Elaterium. Hydragogue Cathar- % to y2 grain. tic. Elm Bark (Infusion). Dem. and Diuretic. Wineglassful3 timesa day. Epsom Salts. Cathartic. 4 to 6 drams in the morning. Elm Bark Poultice. Emollient. Externally. Ergot Powdered. Astringent. 10 to 15 grains' 186 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL

Name. Character. Dose. Ergot (Wine of). Astringent. Teaspoon ful every 15 in. till 5 are taken ; remit Featherfew (Decoc.) Tonic, Stom. and TabU-spoonful at hcd- Kmrnen. time. Fennel Seed (Tnfus.) Arom. and Carmin. Tablespoonful. Fennel Seed Oil. Atom, and Carmin. 3 to 5 drops. Fever Root (Decoc.) Cath., Ltiur. and Tablespoonful. Re- Emetic. peat if necessaty. Fleabane (Infusion). Tonic, Diuretic and Winegla&sful 4 to (i Astrin. times a day. Fleabaue (Oil of). Astrin. and Styptic. 3 to 5 drops every 2 horns. Flaxseed (Infusion). Demulcent. Wineglassful 3 or 4 times a day. Flaxseed Poultice. Astringent. Apply externally. Foxglove (Tiuct.) ;Diur., Nar. and Seda. 10 drops 3 or 4 times a day. Foxglove(Infusion). I tDiur., Nar. and Seda. Teaspoonful twice a day. Gamboge. Cathartic. 2 or 3 grains and repeat if necessary. Garlic (Infusion). Ton., Exp. and Stim. Tablespoonful 3 times a day. Garlic (Syrup of). 'Expectorant. Teaspoonful every 4 hours. Gentian (Tinct.) Tonic. Teaspoonful 3 times a jBitter day. Gelseminum (Fid. Ner., Sed., Dia. and 5 to 8 drops 3 times a Ext.) Feb. day. Gelseminum (Tinct.) Ner., Sed., Dia. and 10 to 20 drops 3 times Feb. a day. Ginger, Powdered. Stim. and Carmin. 15 to 20 grains. Re- peat if necessary. Ginger (Tinct.) Stim. and Carmin. Teaspoo nfu 1. Repeat if necessary. Goldthread (Decoc.) Astrin. and Deodor- Wineglassful (Wash ant. i the mouth). Gum Arabic (Mucil.) Demulcent. jTablespoonl'ul 3 times a day. G u a i a c u m Gum Diuretic and Diaphor- Teaspoonful 3 times a (Tinct.) etic. I day. Gnaiacum Wood Diuretic and Diaphor- Wineglassful 4 times (Decoc.) etic. | a day. Hardhack. Tonic and Astrin. ;10 grains 2 or 3 times | a day. Hashish. See Indian Hemp. AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 187

Name. Character. Dogs. Hellebore. See Veratria Verlde, 17G Page. Hemlock Bark, Alt., Diaph. Tablespoonful of Pow’d. decoc. Henbane (Fid. Ext.) j Nar. and Anodyne. 2b to 25 drops. Henbane (Solid Ext.) ■ Nar. and Anodyne. 2 grains3 times a day. Henbane (Tiuct.) [Nar. and Anodyne. Teaspoonful 3 times a day. Hie; a Picra. No good. Don’t take it. Iloarhound (Decoc.) Sud., Pec. and Tonic. Tablespoonful in 2 hours. Hoarhound (Syrup). Sud., Pec. Tablespoonful in 2 hours. Hoarhound(Fld.Ext). Sud., Pec. and Tonic. Teaspoonful. Hollyhock Flower Demulcent. Wineglasgfnl 3 times (Infus.) a da.v. Hops, Infusion. Sud. and Tonic. Wineglassful 3 times a day. Huxham’s Tinct. Stim. and Tonic. Teaspoonful 3 time: a day. Hydrastin. Astrin., Tonic and 1 to 2 grains 3 timesa Anti-bil. day. Iceland Moss. Demulcent and Tonic. 30 grains. Iceplant (Decoc.) Demnlcentand Tonic. Wineglassful 3 times a day. Indian Turnip Root Stim.. Expec., Nar. Tablespoonful. (Decoc.) Indian Hemp (Solid Anti-spas., Hyp. grain 3 timesa day. Ext.) Indian Hemp (Decoc.) Diar., Diur. and Teaspoonful 3 or I Emetic. times a day. Indian Hemp Resin Arterial Sedative. of (Tinct.) Iodine. Anodyne. 1 or 2 grains a day. Iodide of Potassium. Illood Purifier. 1 dram in 8 oz. Syrup Stillingia. lodof mi. Caustic (mild). Ointment. Ipecac, Powdered. Emetic20 grains; Fid. Syrup, Teaspoonful. Ext., 20 drops. Ipecac (Wine of). Emetic and Diaphoret. Teaspoonful 3 times a j day Irish Moss (Infusion). Nutritiousand Demul. Tablespoonful 3 times | a day. Iron, Bromide. Anti-scorb. and Uter- 1 grain. ine. I roll. Carbonate (rust). Tonicand Chalybeate. 5 to 10 grains. Iron. Citrate. Tonic and Chalybeate. 5 grains in water 3 times a day. 188 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL

Name. Character. Dose. Iron Per. Sulph (So- Styptic. Apply externally to lution). cuts. Iron Per. Hydrogen. Tonicand Chalybeate. 3 to 5 grains. Iron, Phosphate of. Tonic and Chalybeate. 5 to 10 grains. Iron, Hypophosphate Tonic and Chalybeate. 1 to 2 grains. of. Iron-’Syrup of Iodide Tonic and Altera. 15 drops 3 times a day. of. Iron. Sulphate of. Tonic and Astring. 1 to 2 grains. Iron Tinct. Muriate. Tonic and Chalybeate. 10 to 20 dropsin water. Ja ap Powdered. Cathartic. 10 to 15 grains. Jalap (Fid. Ext.) Cathartic. 10 to 15 drops. Ja'np (Solid Ext.) Cathartic. 8 or 10 grains at bedtime. •Jerusalem Oak Anthelmintic. Tablespoonful o n (Decoc.) empty stomach. Juniperberries(Infu.) Diuretic. Wineglassful 3 times a day. Juniperberries(Oil). Diuretic. 3 or 4 drops. Kermes Mineral. Diaphoretic and Diur- 1 grain. etic. Lactucarium. Anodyne. 5 to 10 grains. Ladies’ Slipper Boot, Nervine. Teaspoonful 2 times a Decoc. day. Ladies’ Slipper Root, Nervine. Teaspootiful in a day. Fid. Ext. Laudanum as an Anodyne 10 drops. As a Narcotic 20 drops. Lead Acetate. Astringent and Seda- 2 grains every 3 hours. tive. Lead, Acetate Sugar Astringent lotion. 3 or 4 grains in ounce of. of water. Lead, Goulard’s Ex- Sedative and Ano- 1ounce in pint water. tract. dyne. External. Lead, Goulard’s Ce- Sedative and Ano- Apply externally. rate. dyne. Lime Water and Milk. Sedative. Tablespoonfulfor sick stomach. Lime,Hypophosphate. Prophylactic. 2 or 3 grains 3 timesa day. Lime, Comp. Syrup, Prophylactic. Teaspoonful 3 times a Hypophos. day. Lemon Balm (Infus.) Diaph. and Stimulant. Tablespoonful. Leptandrin. Cathartic. 3 to 5 grains. Liquorice Root Demulcent and Ex- Wineglassful 3 times (Decoc.) pect. a day. Liquorice Root, Span- Demulcent and Ex- At will. ish Ext. pect. AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 189 Name. Character. Dose. Life Everlasting Astrin., Diaph. and Tablespoonful. (Decoc.) Stom. Life Root (Decoc.) Tonic, Diaph. and Tablespoonful. Pecto. Life Root(Fid. Ext.) 1 jT>*nic, Diaph. and Teaspoonful. Pecto. Liverwort (Decoc.) Astrin., Demit]. and Tablespoonful. Pec. Liverwort (Fid. Ext.) Astrin., Demul. and Teaspoonful. Pec. Liverwort (Syrup). Astrin., Demul. and Tablespoon ful. Pec. Lobelia Herb Powd. Emetic and Diaph. 5 or 6 grains. Lobelia Herb (Infus.) Emetic and Diaph. Teaspoonful. Repeat. Lobelia Herb (Fid. Emetic and Diaph. 20 to ISO drops. Re- Ext.) peat. Lobelia Seed Powd. Emetic and Diaph. 5 to 10 grains. Lobelia Seed (Infus.) Emetic and Diaph. Teaspoonful. Lobelia Seed (Fid. Emetic and Diaph. 10 to 20 drops. Ext.) Lobelia Seed (Tinct.) Emetic and Diaph. V2 teaspoonful. Lobelia Seed (Syrup). Expectorant. Teaspoon ful. Lovage (Infus.) Carm., Stom., Emm. Teaspoouful. Macrotin. Nar., Dia., Diur. and I 2 grains. Ner. Magnesia, Carb. Laxative and Antacid. . 10 to 20 grains. Magnesia, Calcined. Antacid andLaxative. 15 to 25 grains. Re- peat if necessary. Magnesia, Citrate of. Purgative. 6 to 10- ounces, on j empty stomach. Maidenhair, IIerb,! J Expec. and Stomac. Tablesp. on ful. Decoc. Maidenhair, Herb,' j Expec. and Stomac. Tablespoon ful. Syrup. j Marshmallow Root, I Demulcent and Diu- • Tablespoonful every Infus. ret. 3 hours. Marshmallow Root, DemulcentandDiuret.[Tablespoonfulj every Syrup. 3 hours. Marshrosemary Root, Astringent. Tablespoonful twice a Decoc. day. May Apple Root, Hydragogue Cathar- • 15 or 20 grains at Powd. tic. night. May Apple Root . Ilydragogue Cathar- Tablespoonful at (Decoc.) tic. night. May Apple Root (Fid. Hydragogue Cathar- ■ 15 to 25 drops at Ext.) tic. night. May Apple Root Hydragogue Cathar- ■5 to 10 grains at (Solid Ext.) tic. 1 1 night. 190 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL Name. I I Character. t Dosk. May Weed, Herb, Diaphoretic and Su- Tablespoonful. Re- (Infus.) | doiific. peat. Manna (Syrup of). \ Laxative. 1 dram on empty stomach. Mercury and Chalk. lAlterative. 8 or 10 grains. Mercury, Proto-iodide Alterative and An-, }/2 to 1 grain twice a of. | ti-syphilitic. day. Mercury,Deuto-iodide Alterative and An- 1-ltith to l-12th of a of. ! j ti-syphilitic. grain twice a day. Mercury, Red Precip. Stimulant, external. Apply to old ulcers. Oint. Mercurial Ointment, Resolvent, external. Apply to swellings, (Blue). etc., etc. Milkweed Root; Diuretic and Ano- Teaspoonful. Repeat (Infus.) dyne. if necessary. Morphia, Sulphate of. Anodyne and Sopori- 34 to of a grain. fic. Morphia, Solution of. Anodyne and Sopori- Teaspoonful every fic. hour until 5 are taken. Morphia, Syrup of. Anodyne and Sopori- Teaspoonful every fic. hour until 5 are taken. Morphia, Comp. Anodyne and Expect- Teaspoonful every 3 Syrup. Jackson’s! orant. hours. Cough Syrup. Motherwort (Decoc.) Nervine and Emme- Teaspoonful every 3 nagogue. hours. Mullein Leaves Anodyne and Demul- Wineglassful 3 times (Infus.) cent. a day. Mustard Seed, (black) Stim., Diur. and to 40 grains. Ground. Emetic. Mustard Seed (white) Stim., Diur. and 20 to 40 grains. Ground. | Emetic. Mustard Plaster. Rubefac.and Vesicant. External application. Myriciu. Nervine and Diapho- 2 or 3 grains. j retie. Nettle Herb, Infus. ! [Tonic and Astringent. Teaspoonful. Repeat if necessary. Nitrate of Silver, jAstrin.and Anti-spas. 34 to grain twice a Chrys. day. Nitrate of Silver, Stimulant and Deter- Apply externally. Mild. Sol. j gent. Nitrate of Silver,lEscharotic. Apply externally. Lunar Caustic. Nutgalls, Tinct. of. | Astringent. Teaspoonful. Repeat if necessary. AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 191

Name. ! Character. Dose. Nutgalis, Ointment Astringent, (excel- Apply externally. of. lent tor Files.) Nux Vomica, Tinct. Exc., Stim., Tonic and 10 drops3 timesa day. Diur. Nux Vomica, Fid. Exc., Stim., Tonic and 3 or 4 drops3 times a Ext. Diur. day. Nux Vomica, Solid Exc., Stim., Tonic and 1 grain 3 times a day. Ext. Diur. Opium Powdered. Narcotic and Stimul. 1 grain at night. Re- peat if necessary. Opium, Tincture of. See Laudanum. Opium, Camphorated See Paregoric. Tinct. Orange Peel, Tinc- Tonic and Carmina. Teaspoonful 3 times a ture. day. Oswego Tea (Infus.) Tonic, Stim. and Tablespoonful 4 times Eebri. a day. Parsley Root, Infus. Diuretic and Altera- Tablespoonful 3 times tive. a day. Pareira Root, Infus. Diuretic and Nep. Tablespoonfnl 4 or 5 timesa day. PareiraBrava, Decoc. Diuretic and Altera- Tablespoonful 4 times tive. a day. Pareira Brava, Fid. Diuretic and Altera- 25 or 30 drops 3 times Ext. tive. a day. Paregoric. Anodyne. Teaspoonful. Repeat if necessary. Pennyr >yal, Infusion. Emm., Stim. and Wineglassful eveiy Diaph. hour. Peppermint, Infu- Stimulant and Car- Wineglassful 2 or 3 sion. min. times a day. Peruvian Bark, Pulv. Tonic and Febrifuge. 1 dram 2 times a day. Peruvian Bark Tonic and Febrifuge. Wineglassful 3 times (Decoc.) a day. Peruvian Bark (Fid. Tonic and Febrifuge. 30 to 50 drops 3 times Ext.) a day. Peruvian Bark (Solid Tonic and Febrifuge. 10 or 15 grains twice Ext.) a day. Peruvian Bark, Hux-j | which see. ham’s Tincture. Piperine. Tonic and Stimulant. 1 or 2 grains. Pilewort (Decoc.) A8tring. amd Herp. Apply externally. Pink Root (Infusion). Anthelmintic. Tablespoonful before each meal. Pink Root (Fid. Ext.) Anthelmintic. 30 to 60 drops before each meal. Pink Root (Comp.) Anthelmin. and Pur- Teaspoonful before and Senna. gative. each meal. 192 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL

Name. Character. Doss. Pipsisseway (Decoc.) Tonic, Diuretic and 4 drams 3 times a day. Astringent. Pleurisy Root (Irrfus.) Carm., Tonic and 4 drams 3 timesa day. Diur. Pleurisy Root (Fid. Carm., Tonic and 60 drops 3 times a day. Ext.) Diur. Podophyllin. Drastic and Purga- 1 grain or 2at night. tive. Poplar Bark (Decoc.) Tonicand Febrifuge. Tablespoonful 3 times a day. Pond Lily Root Astringent. Tablespoonful3 times (Decoc.) a day. Potassium, Bromide. Anti-scorbutic. 4 to 8 grains. Potassium, Iodide of. Alterative and Anti- 5 to 10 grains 3 times syphi. a day. Potash, Bicarbonate. Antacid and Diuretic. 10 to 20 grains. Potash, Chlorate. Prophylactic. 10 or 15 grains in water. Potash, Chlorate Solu- Wash or gargle. 2 drams in pint of tion. water. Potash, Citrate. Refrigerant and Dia- 15 to 20 grains. plior. Potash, Nitrate (Salt- Refrigerant and Dia- 5 to 10 grains. petre). phor. Potash, Prussiate. Anodyne and Seda- 10 to 15 gr ains in water tive. twice a day. Quassia (Infusion). Bitter Tonic. 1 drain % hour after meals. Quassia (Tincture). Bitter Tonic. 30 to 40 drops % hour after meals. Queen’s Root (Decoc.) Alterative and Cath- 4 drams3 timesa day. artic. Queen’s Root (Fid. Alterative and Cath- 60 drops3 timesa day. Ext.) artic. Queen of the Meadow Diur. and Arom. 2 drams 3 timesa day. Root (Decoc.) Quince Seed (Decoc.) Demulcent. 2 drams3 timesa day. Raspberry Leaf Astringent and Tonic. Wineglassful every (Infus.) hour or two. Raspberry Leaves Astringentand Tonic. Tablespoonful 3 or 4 (Syrup). times a day. Ragweed (Decoc.) Anthelmintic and Tablespoonfnl 3 times Tonic. a day. RhatanyRoot (Decoc.) Astringentand Tonic. Wineglassful. Rhatany Root(Tinct.) Astringent and Tonic. TeaspoonI'u 1. Rhubarb, Pulv. Cathartic and Astrin. 20 grains. Rhubarb, Tincture Cathartic and Astrin. Teaspoouful. Comp. AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 193

Name. Character. Dose. Rhubarb, Fid. Ext. Cathartic and Astrin. '20 to 30 drops. Rhubarb (Syrup of). Cathartic and Astrin Teaspoonful (after blue pill). Rochelle Salts. Aperient. *4 ounce on empty stomach. Rue, Herb (Decoc.) Tonic. Emm and 2 drams. I Anthel. Saffron, Am. (Decoc.) Diaphoretic doses. 2 or 3 drams (fluid). Saffron, Am. (Infu.) Stimulant and Emm. 4 to 6 fluid drams. Saffr 'U, Span.(Decoc.) Diaphoretic dose. 1 or 2 fluid drams. Saffron, Span. (Infu.) Stimulant and Emm. 3 or 4 fluid drams. Sage (Infusion). Sudorific and Stom. 4 fluid drams. Salicylic Acid Febrifuge and Tonic. 1 dram in 24 hours. Salicylate of Soda. For Acute Rheuma- 15 grains 5 times in 24 | tism. hours. Salicine (from willow- Febrifuge and Tonic. 4 or 5 grains 3 timesa bark). day. Santonine. Anthelmintic. 1 to 2 grains twice a day. Sarsaparilla (Decoc ) Alterative and Deo. 8 fluid ounces in 24 lion s. Sarsaparilla (Fid. Alterative and Deo. 1 fluid dram 3 timesa Ext.) day. Sarsaparilla, Comp. Alterative and Deo. 4 fluid drams 4 times Syrup. a day. Sassafras Bark (In- Diaph. and Stimulant. Wineglassful 6 times fus.) a day. Sassafras, Pith of Demulcent and Ano- Excellent to bathe in- (Infus.) dy. flamed eyes. Savin Leaves (Infus.) Emmen., Stim. and 1 or 2 fluid drams. Diur. Savin Leaves (Ex- Emmen., Stim. and 5 to 8 drops. tract). I'iur. Savin Leaves, Oil of. Emmen., Stim. and 2 or 3 drops (in pill). Diur. Scammony, Powd. Cathartic. 10 or 12 grains at night. Scutellarin. Nerv , Sudo.and Diur. 1 to 2 grains. Seidlitz Powders. Aperient. 1 powder on empty stmoach. Senega Snake Root Expec., Stim. and Tablespoonful. (Decoc.) | Diur. Senega Snake Root Expec., Stim. and 20 to 30 drops. (Fid. Ext.) | Diur. Senega Snake Root Expec., Stim. and 1 or 2 fluid drams. (Syrup.) | Diur. Senna (Decoc.) Cathartic.| Tablespoonful. Senna, Fluid Ext. Cathartic. ' '30 to 60 drops. 194 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL

Name. Character. Dose. Skull Cap, Infus. Nerv., Sudo. and Diur. 1 fluid ounce 3 or 4 times a day. Skull Cap(Fid. Ext.) Nerv., Sudo. and Diur. Teaspoonful every 3 or 4 hours. Skunk Cabbage (In- Stim., Ex. and Anti- Teaspoonful. fus.) spas. Spirits Mindererus. Diaphoretic and Diur. Tablespoon ful. Re- peat if necessary. Spikenard (Decoc.) Pectoral and Stom- Tablespoonful. Re- achic. peat if necessary. Stillingea Root (Fid. Alterative. 30 to 00 drops 4 times Ext.j a day. Stramonium Leaves Nar., Sed. and Anti-sp. 20 to 25 drops 3 times (Tinct.) a day. Stramonium Leaves Sedative. Apply externally. (Olnt.) Stramonium Leaves Narcotic and Sedative. 1 to 2 grains. (Ext.) Sweet Basil (Infus.) Aromatic and Stimu- Tablespoonful. Re- lant. peat if necessary. Sweet Marjoram Diaphoretic and 1 fluid ounce. Re- (Decoc.) Tonic. peat if necessary. Sweet Spirits Nitre. Diur., Diaph. and 16 drops to a dram in Febrif. water. Sweet William. Stimulatin g and 1 or 2 ounces 3 times Tonic. a day. Tansy double Sud., Emm. and An- Teaspoonful. Repeat (Decoc.) thel. if necessary. Tansy double, Oil of. Sud., Emm. and An- • 10 to 15 drops. Dan- thel. gerous. Thyme(Infus.) Arom. and Stom. 6 to"8 drams. Repeat if necessary. Thyme (Farmenta- Sedative. Apply externally. tion). Thorn Apple (Fid. Nar., Sed and Antl-sp. 15 or 20 drops. Re- Ext.) peat if necessary. Unicorn Root (Infus.) Tonic and Diuretic. 6 to 8 drams. Repeat if necessary. Unicorn Root (Fid. Tonic and Diuretic. 60 drops. Repeat if Ext.) necessary. Uva Ursi Leaf (De- Tonic and Diuretic. 1 fluid ounce. Repeat coc.) if necessary. Uva Ursi Leaf (Fid. Tonic and Diuretic. 60 drops. Repeat if Ext.) necessary. Veratrum V e r i d e Arterial Sedative. 3 to 5 drops every 4 (Eld. Ext.) hours. Veratrum Veride, Arterial Sedative. 6 to 8 drops every 4 Norwood’s Tinct. hours. AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 195

Name. i Character. ! Dose. Watermelon Seed and Diu- jl fluid ounce 4 times (Decoc.) j retie. a day. Water Pepper Herb Stim., Diur. and 60 drops. Repeat it (Tinct.) Emm. 1 necessary. Water Pepper Herb Stim., Diur. aud 20 to 30 drops. Re- (Fid. Ext.) Emm. peat if necessary. Water Dock (Decoc.) Astriu. and Deter. Apply externally. Mahon Bark (Decoc.) Tonic, Lax. and Alter. 1 fluid dram. Wahoo Bark (Fid. Tonic, Lax. and Alter. 60 drops. Repeat if Ext.) necessary. Wild Ginger (Decoc.) Stim., Arom., Diaph. 1 fluid ounce 3 times a day. Wild Cherry Bark, Tonic, Astring. and Tablespoonful 3 times Cold Infus. Sed. a day. Wild Cherry Bark Tonic, Astring. and 20 to 30 drops 3 times (Fid. Ext.) Sed. a day. Wild Cherry Bark, Sedative. 4 to 6 fluid drams 3 Syrup. times a day. Wild Lettuce Herb Narcotic and Diuretic. 6 or 8 fluid drams. (Infus.) White Oak Bark Astringent. Syringe vagina. (Decoc.) White Mustard Seed. Stim., Diur. and 30 to 60 grains. Emetic.

Yarrow Herb (Decoc.) Astrin. and Diaph. 1 fluid ounce. Yellow Dock (Decoc.) Alterative, Deter, and 1 fluid ounce. ■ Diaph. Yellow Dock (Fid. Alterative and Diaph. 40 to 60 drops. Ext.) Yellow Jessamin (Fid. Sed., Dia. and Feb. 5 to 10 dropsu Ext.) V'e I 1 o w Jessamin, Sed., Dia. and Feb. Teaspoonful. Tinct. Yellow Parella (De- Alter., Tonic and 2 drams 3 times a day. coc.) Laxa. Yellow Root (Decoc.) Astrin., Tonic and 2 drams. Repeat. Anti-bil. ' Yellow Root (Eld. Astrin , Tonic and 20 to 30 drops 3 times Ext.) Anti-bil. a day. Yellow Root (Tinct.) Astrin., Tonic and 60 drops 3 times a Anti-bil. day. Zedoary (Decoction). Stomachic. 4 fluid drams 3 times a day. Zinc, Acetate of. Astringent Lotion 1 dram in pint of water. Use externally. 196 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL Name. Character. Dose. Zinc, Chloride of. Caustic and Discu- % grain in water tient. twice a day. Zinc, Chloride of. Astringent Lotion. 5 grainsin pint water. Apply externally. Zinc, Sulphate of. Emetic. •20 to 40 grains. Zinc, Sulphate of. AstringentLotion. 40 to 60 grains in pint water. Apply externally to reduce swellings. Zinc, Valerianate of. Tonic and Anti- 1 grain a timesa day. spasmodic.

A General Rule lor Prescribing Medicines. A child under one year old will require one-twelfth of a dose for adults. A child two years old will require one-eighth of a dose for adults. A child three years old will require one-sixth of a dose for adults. A clii Id four years old will require one-fourth of a dose for adults. A child seven years old will require one-third of a dose for adults. A child thirteen years old will require oue-half of a dose for adults. A child eighteen years old will require two-thirds of a dose for adults. A child twenty and over will require full dose for an adult.

THE PORT OF PHILADELPHIA offers the most extraordinary facilities to vessels which have met with disasters at sea, to refit and refurnish. We have, in addition to our commodious and safe harbors, anchorage at our magnificent piers for any amount of ton- nage, with water of sufficient depth to accom- modate vessels of the heaviest draft. The Delaware river, at this point, is free from ob- AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 197 struction, and the navigation is at once safe, simple and pleasant. At this port are congregated the best ship- smiths and machinists in the world. Here are situated the well-known works of Birely, Hill- man & Co. ; Baird & Huston ; A. S. Simpson & Bro.’s dry docks; John Baizley & Sons, and others, whose well-earned reputations for faithful work and fair dealing, has made Philadelphia the objective point for tempest-tossed mariners in all parts of the broad Atlantic. Here also are situated the naval store depots of such firms as Edwin H. Fitler & Co.; Shubert & Cottingham ; Bartlett & Shepherd, and hosts of others too numerous to mention.* Above the city proper, at Port Richmond, lies the ship-yard of Commander Gorringe, late of the United States Navy, perhaps the most commodious and best equipped naval construction depot in the world. Here thousands of skilled mechanics are constantly employed in building and fitting out some of the finest vessels that have ever been launched. Sail-making, at this port, has been pushed to a degree of excellence never exceeded, and rarely equalled at any other part of this country. Opposite the city, at Cooper’s Point, on the * When our canvasser called upon one of the widest known Ship-Machinists in this city for an advertisement for this book, he was sneeriugly told that “ five dollars spent on an engineer would go farther than fifty spent in advertising honest work and fair prices.” If this is true, Philadelphia has reason to be proud of her engineers : and her vessel-owners should seek protection from the tender mercies of their friends. We will give the name of this firm to any shipowner who may desire it. 198 VESSEL-MASTER'S MEDICAL MANUAL New Jersey shore, rrmy he found also some of the best ship-yards and dry-docks in this or any other country. Here, also, ample anchorage and facilities for repairs of vessels may be found. Among the prominent live men engaged in ship- building here may be mentioned Messrs. Morris &Mathis; Hillman & Co.; Wood & Co.; Samuel J.Tilden (who also has a Marine Railway), and Jos. Bay more’s spar-yard, under the able super- intendence of Mr. E. Bowen, where a fleet of vessels can be sparred at a week’s notice. Here, also, are the smith shops of Messrs. Sheppard & Fitliian, whose work is all A. No. 1. No better can be found. Farther down the river on the same side are the yards of Vanneman & Son ; Dialogues & Co., and others, who turn out the best of work, and employ none but the best and most skilful mechanics. In one word, Philadelphia and Camden offer facilities for ship building and repairing not to be found in any other port in America—if in the world. Music vs. Medicine. Now hear the conclusion of the whole matter : friends and countrymen, let us have more music and less medicine in our families, and we will all be wiser and better, healthier and hap- pier. Music strengthens the lungs and the limbs; it develops the muscles of the throat and chest, and sheds a benign influence over the temper and disposition. It promotes cheerfulness and contentment, and distils its drop of quiet pleasure into tiie huge, unsightly bucket of worldly cares and daily vexations which at times cloud AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 199 the existence of us all. Let us have more of it. Parents, practice it yourselves, and teach it to your children ; devote a part of each day to its cultivation; very little consumption ever finds a resting place in families where vocal and instrumental music abounds ; and Pestilozzi says “no good musician was ever hanged.” That is a consideration of itself worthy of note. During his extensive travels in Europe, the late Dr. Lowel Mason, of Boston, failed to find one single case of pulmonary consumption in that portion of the German Empire washed by the waters of the Rhine. The cause of this extreme healthiness he attributes to the universal prevalence of music. Every child that is born learns music as he learns to read; in a word he imbibes it with his mother’s milk, and by the time he reaches his tenth year he can read music with equal facility with poetry. It is no un- common tiling, says Mr. Mason, to hear a con- cert on the Rhine, given by two, three, or even four boat-clubs who accidentally meet on the river, in which the various parts of the har- mony are rendered with astonishing accuracy and sweetness, by parties who never met before in their lives. These minstrels perform the most intricate and difficult madrigals and fuges, with marvelous correctness of time and tune, simply because accustomed to it from their earliest childhood. Nor is this all. They are a fine- looking, ruddy, healthy class of people, with a muscular development which would do honor to a Roman gladiator. They are never sick, and a cough is unknown among them. They exercise their lungs and their muscles at the same time ; and a boy or girl who cannot sing is a 200 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL phenomenon rarely or never seen in Germany. There is no reason under the sun why music should not be as universally cultivated in Amer- ica as in Germany: and if it were, its legitimate effects upon the health and tempers of our young people would be as beneficial here as there. There is nothing peculiar in our climate which predisposes our youth to such diseases as consumption, base ball, and a disposition to go west and “kill Injuns;” and I take upon myself the responsibility of saying, that were they regularly instructed in the theory and practice of music, the above-named diseases and many others, equally difficult to control, would in a short time disappear from our midst. Consumption would give place to healthy lungs, and a cheerful disposition; base ball would be superseded by the more useful and respectable occupations of sawing wood, getting in coal, and sweeping the streets; while going west to “kill Injuns” would pale into insignificance beside the glories of conducting a mud-machine, or an odorless excavator. Every household in the land should have a musical instrument of some kind: a piano, or a parlor organ ; these latter instruments are being brought to a degree of perfection in this country which the most sanguine had hardly dared hope for. They are placed on the market also, at prices which bring them within the reach of all. even those in the most moderate circumstances. There are many houses in this city where good instruments may be obtained for a very small sum of ready money, thus ena- bling all to partake of the pleasure and profit which is alone derived from a good musical in- AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 201 strument, played by a master hand. David charmed the devil out of old Saul, by the skill ful manner in which he swept the strings of his harp—not a jevv’s harp— and David is not the only person who has learned by happy experience how to expel the devil of discord and contention from the family circle, by the skillful use of music and song. Verily I say unto you, my brethren, “Music hath charms to soothe the savage breast,” and those families who have most of it will be the most cheerful and con- tented : and contentment is happiness. The following interesting article from “Mc- Master’s History ” is especially appropriate at this time. F. C. M. The Origin of Yellow Fever Infection. In McMaster’s history of the people of the United States, in contrasting the condition of medical science in 1784 with the improved means for the cure and prevention of disease now prac- ticed, he alludes to the fact that yellow fever was in the days of the Colonies as great a scourge in the Northern cities as it has since proved to be in the cities of the South. An address delivered before the British Medical As- sociation at Liverpool by Charles Creighton, M. I)., M. A., on the “Autonomous Life of the Specific Infections,” of which the full text is given in the Medical Record, contains some interesting facts concerning the history and geography of yellow fever which go far to explain the prevalence of yellow fever at an early day, and the subsequent exemption of Northern cities from its ravages. The first point that 202 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL strikes one, he says, is that it appeared in the seventeenth century as a new disease. The next point is that there is something peculiar in its geographical distribution. We are apt to locate yellow fever at the ports bordering the Gulf of Mexico and Brazil, but facts show that it had been a scourge in Philadelphia and New England many ‘years before its appearance in New Orleans, where it first broke out in 1796, while it was first known in Rio in 1849. How- ever, it does not appear to be latitude and longi- tude that govern the distribution of the disease. The one thing which covers its history and its geography is, according to our authority, the slave trade. He shows that it has followed the course of the ships engaged in the contraband slave trade. The disastrous outbreak in Barce- lona in 1821 gave the first clew to the connection between yellow fever and the slave trade. Upon inquiry, it was ascertained that there had existed a great amount of dysenteric sickness among the human cargo of the ships which had returned to the Spanish ports laden with mer- chandise immediately after discharging their loads of slaves at the West Indies. This was at the time of the irregular slave trade, and corre- sponds with the period of the outbreak of cholera in America, Spain and the west coast of Africa. These facts, which were discovered by Dr. Audouard, a physician employed by the French Government to investigate the cause of the disease, suggested to him that the scourge was a peculiar form of typhus fever, due to matters which could be traced to the negro body. “There is something,” he said, “quite peculiar to the negro’s constitution, and it was not sur- AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 203 prising that the discharges from his sick body- should be able, when fermeuted. to produce in others a typhus fever of a peculiar type.” His opinions were rejected by the French Royal Academy of Sciences, which did not consider that his facts covered enough space. Neverthe- less, Dr. Creighton asserts tnat the whole history and geography of yellow fever in America wr as on his side, and Dr. Audouard’s theory seems to gain additional force from the fact that in the seaboard cities of the United States the fever was practically eradicated soon after the importation of negroes ceased. Another confirmation may be found in the establishment of yellow fever in the seaports of Peru in 1853. At about this time there arrived in Callao crowded shiploads of sickly Chinese. These people, like the negroes, did not have yellow fever, and they are said to enjoy the same immunity from the disease on shore; but they suffered from those dysenteric and other non-contagious ailments which are the antecedents of yellow fever. A curious fact is the immunity of the negro from yellow fever, although he is pecu- liarly liable to cholera and the ordinary forms of typhus. This immunity, says Dr. Creighton, is perhaps not so striking now, when the negro blood is less pure, but all the earlier authors were much impressed by it. As an example, he cites the summer of 1866 at Vera Cruz, at which time the yellowT fever decimated the French soldiers, the Arabs from Algiers, In- dians from the interior of Mexico and the Creole troops, while among the 900 negro soldiers raised in the West Indies and in the Soudan and Nubia there were but three cases VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL and only one death. Hence, he argues Dr. Audouard was right in ascribing the origin of yellow fever to the filth of slave ships. Added to this is the fact that the disease rages most in quarters thickly inhabited by negroes. It still lurks about the wharves where cargoes of slaves used to be landed. The soil seems to be impregnated with the germs of the scourge, and, he says, “every few years, when the weather is at the hottest, it rises into a pestilence, as if it were the ghost of the slave trade walking. But it passes by the negro, as if it recognized the ties of blood ; and I want no other fact than that to prove that even this infection, belonging to the exogenous group, is but one step removed from perturbations of the normal life, and that it carries with it the indelible stain of its origin.” All-powerful Fashion. A New Dis- covery. Fashion dictates the removal of all the natural teeth, and the substitution of an artificial set in their place. Fashion is a benefactress! Is she not furnishing work for the needy dentist? Fashion dictates the cutting off of the front hair of ladies, and the substitution of “three sets of shingle bangs,” plastered upon the forehead, covering the little brains with which the Almighty has endowed them, and giving themselves the appearance of a Shetland pony that has escaped from a badly conducted menagerie. Fashion is a good, kind mother ! Does she not provide employment for the hairdresser ? Ladies, follow the fashion. Fashion is a wonderful sorceress. Follow her, if she leads you to the “d—mnition bowwows.” AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 205 A new discovery 1ms just been made, which is bound to become immensely fashionable and popular among the ranks of uppertendom ; especially as it discards certain old-fashioned and slow processes, introduced by nature, and nature’s God, and substitutes in their places a new and scientific principle, which shortens and simplifies certain matters, and renders some things decidedly more genteel and ladylike. It is a well-known and long-lamented fact, that as ladies recede from the age of thirty years (they never grow old), they increase in what the French call embonpoint, that is to say, the abdomen grows unfashionably large. To obviate this Prof. Reipheimup, the great English manipulator, has just made the astonishing discovery that “ bowels are supernumer- ary; having only been placed in the abdominal cavity to fill up,” and lie lias accordingly removed those of Lady Diana Shallipate, of Bum- stein Manor, and placed in the cavity a far more elegant and useful apparatus, which completely overcomes the natural deformity, “ and renders the person delightfully slim,elegant and fashionable.” The Bumstein Palladium of Fashion thus describes the operation of the new discovery : “At 10 o’clock this morning, at Bumstein Manor, Prof. Reipheimup performed the‘new operation ’ upon Lady Diana Shallipate, for the purpose of reducing corpulence. After opening the abdominal cavity, and removing the useless small intestines, for the Professor has discovered that the small intestines are useless, the patient was placed under the influence of an anesthetic, and a soft rubber tube about an inch iu diame- 206 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL ter was inserted in their place. This tube at the upper end communicates directly with the stomach, and the lower end with the outlet of the intestinal canal. The impossibility of any offal remaining in the abdomen is thus secured, and the idea of corpulency forever shut out of the question. The operation was a complete success; and is destined to become intensely fashionable.” Diplitlieria. There can be no possible doubt bnt that much of the diphtheria of the present day owes its origin to the use in sleeping-rooms, of impure, dirty specimens of kerosene oil, burned in filthy, ill-trimmed lamps, which in a large majority of households are allowed to burn all night. The flame of the lamp is turned down low, in order not to interfere with the sleeping, and the room is filled with the poisonous fumes, which are inhaled into the throat and lungs. These fumes destroy the membranes, and pave the way for some of the most obstinate cases of diphtheria which the physician is ever called upon to treat. Prevention is better than cure. If you must have a light “ to see to sleep by,” a common tallow candle is far better than a kerosene lamp: Neither is at all necessary. If you have children or invalids who require attention at night, a lamp and a match-box on a small table at the head of the bed, within easy reach, is all that is necessary to procure a light at a moment’s notice. Sulphur is believed by some physicians to be a specific for diphtheria. A teaspoonful in a wineglass of water, stirred with the finger, used as a gargle, will, in its early stages, give instant relief; swallow a part of it. Take of finely pul- AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 207 verized sulphur one ounce ; glycerine two ounces, mix well, and give a tablespoonful three or four times a day. Saturate a sponge with the same, and apply to the nostrils. If this treatment is applied in time, it is always successful. Various Preparations of Dextro- quinine. No. 1. Double the quantity 3d Dextro-quinine, 1 day. dram; SyrupLiquorice, No. 4. 8 ounces. Mix. Dose, Carbonate Ammonia, teaspoonful every two 2 drams; Dextro-qui- hours, for children in nine, 2 drams; Tinct. intermittent lever. Aconite Hoot, 25 drops; Water, 8 fluid ounces. No. 2. Teaspoonful every two Dextro-quinine, 1 hours in pneumonia. dram; Elixir Eucalyp- tus (Kino) Comp., 4 No. 5. fluid ounces. Mix, and Dextro-quinine, 30 give children 20 to 30 grains; Huxliam’s or 40 drops as often as Tincture, 6 fld. ounces; required in malaria. Dil. Hydrochloric Acid, 25 drops. Tea- No. 3. spoonful 4 times a day Dextro-quinine, 15 in intermittents, as a grains; Dilute Hy- tonic. Double dose 7th, drochlor. Acid,4ounce; 14th and 21st days. Simple Syrup, 1 ounce ; Distilled Water, 4 No. 6. ounces. Mix, and give Dextro-quinine, 30 tablespoonful every 4 grains; Tinct. Orange hours after sweating in peal, 4 fld. ounces ; Dil. intermittent lever. Sulphuric Acid. 1 fld. 208 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL dram; Chloroform, 1 3 times a day, after fid. dram. Teaspoon- meals. Alterative ful 3 times a day in tonic. water. Same as No. 5. No. 8. Dextro-quinine, 4 No. 7. drams; Infusion Fox- Dextro-quinine, 1 glove, 3 fid. ounces. dram ; Syrup Iodide of Teaspoonful every 2 Iron, 4 fid. drams ; In- hours in scarlatina fusion Colombo Root, and sore throat. 8 ounces. Teaspoonful Yery important. Various Forms of Dextro-quinine Pills. No. 9. grains 5 Podophyllin, Pulv. Iron,60grains; 30 grains; Sanguina- rian, 30 grains; Pulv. Dextro-q u i n i 11 e , 60 grains; Strychnia, li Cloves. 5 grains; Sol. grains. Mix, and make Ext. Dandelion, suffi- 60 pills. Dose, 2 a day cient to make 30 pills. as a tonic. Take 2 or 3 a day. An excellent liver pill. No. 10. Dextro-quinine, 60 grains; Valletta Mass, No. 12. 60 grains; Phosphorus, Dextro-quinine, li SOgrains; AlcoholExt. drams; Phosphorus, 15 Nux. Yom, 5 grains. grains; Alcohol Ext. Mix, and make 30 pills, Nux. Yom., 5 grains; one at morning and Pulv. Liquorice, suffi- evening. The finest cient to make 60 pills. tonic known. Dose 1,3 times a day. Not as active as No. No. 11. 10. For general de- Dextro-quinine, 60 bility. AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE 209 No. 13. No. 16 Sub. Carb. Iron, 60 Dextro-quinine, 30 grains; Dextro-qui- grains; Dandelion Sol. nine, 60 grains ; Strych- Ext., 60 grains; Pulv. nia, 2 grains; Atropia, Mandrake Root, 15 1 grain. Sol. Ext. grains. Mix, and make Dandelion, sufficient to 30 pills. One may be make 60 pills. Com- taken every 2 hours. mence with 2 a day, Tonic liverpill. and after 5 days increase to 3. An ex- No. 17. cellent emmenago- Dextro-quinine, one gue. and one-half drams; sufficient. No. Honey Mix, 14. and make 30 3 grain Dextro-quinine, 2 pills. One may be drams; Pepsin, 15 taken every 3 hours. grains; Lactate of Tonic. Lime, 5 grains. Pulv. No. 18. Liquorice sufficient to Dextro-quinine, 60 make 60 pills. Dose 3 grains; Leptandrin, 30 or 4 pills a day, for in- grains; Alcoh. Ext. digestion. Nux Vomica, 2 grains. Mix thoroughly with No. 15. honey, and divide into Dextro-quinine, 60 30 pills. Commence grains; Gallic Acid, 30 with 2 a day. Increase grains; Sol. Ext. Cat to 4. Dinner pill. echu, 30 grains. Pulv. Liquorice sufficient to No. 19. make 30 pills, of which Dextro-quinine, 60 one may be taken every grains; Vallett’s Mass, 3 or 4 hours, in cases of | 60 grains; Oil of Pars- internal hemorrhage. I ley, 30 drops ; Alcoh. Alternate with Dilute Ex. Nux Vomica, 6 Nitro-Muriatic Acid. grains. Mix, and make 210 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL into 30 pills. Take 2 90 grains; Arsenions a day in obstinate cases Acid and Strychnia, of of painful and re- each, 2 grains ; Confec- tarded menstruation of Roses, sufficient tion. to make 60 pills. Take No. 20. one 3 times a day. Ail Dextro quinine, 1 excellent tonic. dram; Ergotine, 1 dram ; Pulv. Foxglove, No. 22. and Ext. Hyoscyamus, Pulv. Foxglove, 30 of each, 5 grains. Mix. grains; Sulph. of Iron, Take and make 40 pills. 60 grains ; Pulv. Cae- one or two every 3 or 4 cum, 60 grains; Dex- hours, in bleeding at tro quinine, 60 grains; the nose. Sol. Ext. Gentian, sufficient to make 60 pills. No. 21. Take one 3 times a day Dextro-quinine, 2 to stimulate the drams ; Reduced Iron, heart’s action. N. H.—Dextro-quinine may be used as a substitute for the Sulphate of Quinine in all cases—grain for grain.

Various Preparations of Dextro- Quinine. For Whooping crease according to the Cough. age of the child. Dextro-quinine, 1 For Neuralgia. dram; Hvdrobromic Dextro-quinine, 60 Acid Soh.li fid. dram ; grains; Chloride of Syrup Ginger, H fid. Ammonia, 40 grains. drain; Water, 6 Mix, and make 12 pow- ounces. Dessertspoon- ders. Take one an ful 4 times a day. In hour after each meal. A.WD FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 211 For Severe Head- For Neuralgia. ache. Dextro-quinine, 80 Dextro-quinine, 15 grains; Dil. Phos. grains; Sulphate of Acid, 2 fkl. drams; M o r p h i a . 1 grain ; Water, 1 and a half Syrup of Ginger, 1 ounces. Mix; teaspoon- ounce; Rose Water, ful every 3 hours, gives 4 onn ees. Tablespoon- prompt relief. ful 30 minutes before each meal. For Night Sweats. D e x tr o -quinine, 1 For in Pains tin*. dram ; Dil. Sulphuric Back. Acid, 2 Ad. drams; Dextro-quinine, 1 Syrup Ginger, 1 fid. dram; Camphor, 15 ounce; Water, 4 fid. grains; Black Snake ounces. Dessertspoon- Root, 15 grains ; Ext. ful before going to bed. Gentian (Solid,) 30 Checks promptly. grains. Mix, and divide into 30 pills. Take For Severe Head- one every 2 hours. ache. Dextro-quinine, 60 For Malarial grains ; Sol. Ext. Hen- Fever. bane, 2 grains. Mix, Dextro-quinine, Cam- make 12 pills. Take phor and Mild Chloride one every 3 hours. of Mei-cury, of each, 24 Most satisfactory in its grains; Pulv. Opium, effects. 6 grains. Mix, and divide into 24 pills. Take one every 2 hours. Painful Menstruation. By the particular request of many ladies, both married and single, who have consulted me 212 VESSEL-MASTEE'S MEDICAL MANUAL upon this most interesting and important subject, I have been induced to add something more to what has already been said, and to give some further directions in relation to its domes- tic treatment. It is capable of demonstration that more than one-half of the women in this country who have passed the age of puberty are, to a greater or less extent, troubled in this particular manner. And it is a question which is to-day exercising the thought of the most capable and intelligent physicians in all parts of the country. What is the nature, and what the causes of this extremely troublesome and obstinate disease ? And what are the means to be employed for its cure ? Painful menstruation, or Dysmenorrlicea,” unquestionably is in many instances a constitutional disorder of the uterus; a narrowing of the uterine canal, which can only be reached by the use of mechanical means. Particularly is this the case in regard to many ladies who have repeatedly borne children, and who have never suffered in this manner until after becoming mothers. In many other cases the trouble is purely nervous, and owes its origin to causes remote from the organ involved, and traceable entirely to habits superinduced by ignorance or carelessness, or both. The cases in which the pain is caused by natural obstructions I have found to be exceedingly rare. Many of them are only apparent, not real; at least, what appeared to be obstructions, and impediments to the catamenial discharge, disappear in a great many instances on the application of proper remedial agents. AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. without the use of mechanical means. The cause will generally be found in some species of nervous irritability, dating far back of the organic trouble. This nervous form of the disease is by far the most common ; it is attended with intense pain, and if from neglect or false modesty, it is permitted to become chronic, it will le found exceedingly difficult to relieve, and per- manently to cure. The treatment for young and unmarried females should be purely of a constitutional character ; at least until an exhaustion and failure of such means shall render other treatment absolutely indispensable. The presence of this disease always indicates great nervous irregularity, and a general degeneracy of the system at large; a condition which is best combated by a general course of tonic and recuperative treatment. If the patient is suffering from the present attack, the treatment should be directed to immediate relief. General treatment applies to the interval between the attacks. Iron, in almost all its different forms, is indicated in cases of this character. The dry sulphate, taken in live grain doses every three hours. Pill of the carbonate, three to five grains, every four or six hours. Syrup of the iodide, ten drops in a little water, may be taken every two or three hours, in cases where the discharge is imperfect, scanty and lacks color. In cases of an opposite character, either too frequent or too much, Arsenic is indicated. “ Fowler’s Solution ” may be taken in doses, commencing with five drops, three times a day, gradually increasing as the system will bear, until ten or more are taken. In most phases of this disease 214 VESSEL-MASTER’S MEDICAL MANUAL iii unmarried women, I have found that a strong tincture of Blacksnake-root (Cimicifuga), given in ten or twelve drop doses, three times a day, commencing ten days before the expected period, and continued in live grain doses three times a day, during the continuance of the painful period, has produced an almost magical effect. The tincture of pulsatilla in doses of fifteen drops three times a day is also highly recommended. Many physicians prescribe the various preparations of opium in this disease. I gave it up as utterly useless, twenty-five years ago. This disease has two different and distinct forms ; one is in the uterus; the other in the ova- ries. The first named variety clearly has no obstruction connected with it, and yet it is attended with great pain until the commencement of the discharge, when the pain subsides and the patient enjoys comparative freedom and rest. In these cases the pain is probably due to an effort of the uterus to discharge the superfluous fluid contained in the small vessels of the mucous membrane. This always occurs in women who belong to one of two different classes. First, in those of full, plethoric habit, or secondly, in those whose general health is far below the average standard. In the case of young girls, as soon as the natural indications of menstruation commence to appear, (and the mother should keep the most vigilant watch for them,) there is perhaps no agent known to the medical profession of such varied and universal application as that particular preparation of parsley root, known as apiol. Drs. Ioret and Baillot, of Paris, recommend it in doses of four grains twice a day, AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 215 commencing ten days before the expected period. Later experience, however, shows that a single dose of ten grains a day, in a capsule, is a better and more useful mode of exhibition. As the young girl approaches the timeof her change, the quick eye of the intelligent and careful mother at once discerns the landmarks, and prepares herself to meet them. She at once understands the general languor and sleepiness; the occasional complaints of pain in the back and limbs ; the dark- ening circles around the eyjs; and the general pallor and putty-like appea ance of the countenance. A series of hot batlu each night, before retiring, wrappingin blankets, and full doses of hot teas, are followed by the. use of the apiol, as noted above, and a few da /s of quiet care in- doors, and a lifetime of suffering and misery is avoided. Commence right. Progress right, and you will never end wrong. There is one other class of cases to which the attention of the physician is often called: This is where the menstrual discharge commences without pain, and so continues for two or three days, when pain of the most terrible intensity sets in and continues until means are used to neutralize it. These symptoms very frequently occur in well-developed young women, those of full, strong habit, vigorous and muscular in person, and apparently free from every form of disease. For a few days prior to the expected period this class of patients complain of vertigo, imperfect vision, headache, tenderness of the breasts, pain in the back and other ailments. In these cases the disease is unquestionably ovarian. And the best mode of treatment is to give ten grains of the bromide of so- 216 VESSEL-MASTER'S MEDICAL MANUAL dium about 10 o’clock A. M., 4 P. M., and 10 P. M., with brisk friction on the skin, and hot footbaths before retiring for the night, and apiol in fifteen grain doses each morning. This treatment must be followed up by a generous diet, gentle daily exercise in the open air, and such other aids to the promotion of general health as may be at hand. If relief is not promptly obtained, consult an intelligent physician, telling him fully and freely your troubles. THE USE OF SALT. We live in an age of follies, foibles, and fan- cies. To be the promulgator of a new theory or ism seems to be the sole ambition < f a certain, or more correctly, a very uncertain class of society. And it makes no difference, how absurd, or unphilosophieal the theory may be, if it is only new, it will find advocates and disci- ples everywhere. Among other follies of the day some indiscreet persons are objecting to the use of salt, and propose to do without it. Noth- ing could be more absurd. Common salt is the most widely distributed substance in the body ; it exists in every fluid and in every solid ; and not only is everywhere present, but in almost every part it constitutes the largest portion of the ash when any tissue is burnt. In particular, it is a constant constituent of the blood, and it maintains in it a proportion that is almost wholly independent of the quantity that is consumed with the food. The blood will take up so much and no more, however much we may take with our food ; and, on the other hand, if none be given, the blood parts with its natural quantity slowly and unwillingly. Under ordinary cir- AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 217 cumstances a healthy man loses daily about twelve grains by one channel or the other, and if he is to maintain his health that quantity is to be introduced. Common salt is of immense importance in the processes ministering to the nutrition of the body, for not only is it the chief salt in the gastric juice and essential for the formation of bile, and may hence be reasonably regarded as of high value in digestion, but it is an important agent in promoting the processes of diffusion, and therefore of absorption. Direct experiment has shown that it promotes the decomposition of albumen in the body, acting probably by increasing the activity of the trans- mission of fluids from cell to cell. Nothing can demonstrate its value better than the fact that if albumen without salt is introduced into the intestines of an animal no portion of it is absorbed, while it all quickly disappears if salt be added. If any further evidence were required it could be found in the powerful instinct which impels animals to obtain salt. Buffaloes will “ ” travel for miles to reach a salt-lick ; and the value of salt in improving the nutrition and the aspect of horses and cattle is well known to every farmer. The conclusion, therefore, is obvious that salt, being wholesome, and indeed necessary, should be taken in moderate quantities, and that abstention from it is likely to be injurious. A Female Accomplishment. There are thousands of people in this country, who are profoundly ignorant of the fact that many, very many of the most beautiful and ac- complished women in this country, particularly 218 VESSEL-MASTER'S MEDICAL MANUAL in the Southern States, while yet in their teens, make themselves mistress of the polite and lady-like accomplishment of Snuff-rubbing ! The article used, which is a very elegant compound, is prepared especially for their use from choice materials, carefully selected from partic ular localities. Boys are employed to search the gutters and barroom spittoons, of such classical localities as Seventh and Alaska streets, and to gather such choice morsels of refuse tobacco, as the darkies and bummers of those genteelregions eject from their mouths in the shape of what are scientifically termed old sogers and cigar stumps. These, after being duly soaked in a solution of Cocculus Indicus, Nux Vomica, and Henbane, are placed in a large oven, and submitted to an intense degree of heat; after which they are transferred to a drngmill, and ground into that elegant compound, known as Scotch Snuff. It is now ready for sale to the ladies for the purpose of rubbing. Reader, did you ever see a lady perform this delicate and refined operation ? No? Well, then, your education has been sadly neglected. She carries the snuff loose in a pocket or bag made for the pur pose, and with a stick somewhat resembling a Chinese chop-stick, and loaded with the snuff, she seizes her delicate ruby lip with one hand, and pulling it out from her teeth, with the other she swabs her gums to her heart’s content. AND FAMILY MEDICAL GUIDE. 219 A GOOD PLACE TO BUY DRUGS, ETC. The reader of these pages will have noticed all along through the book that frequent refer- ence is made to the pharmaceutical preparations of WILLIAM R. WARNER & CO., Manu- facturing Chemists, and Importers and Whole- sale Dealers in Drugs, Medicines and Physicians’ Supplies, No. 1228 Market street, Philadelphia, and No. 22 Liberty street, New York. This house is thoroughly reliable; the writer has dealt with them for twelve years in succession, and has always found them fair in prices, their goods pure and unadulterated, and their clerks and salesmen gentlemanly and accommodating. In buying of WARNER & CO., it is not necessary that you should be a judge of the article needed, or that you should know the prices elsewhere; pure goods being sold by them, as low as impure goods are by some other houses. 1 would call especial attention to the following: INGLUVEN (Ventri- culus callosus gallinaceus). A powder pre- scribed in the same manner and doses as pepsin. This is a wonderful remedy for Indigestion. Dyspepsia and Sick Stomach, from any and all causes. Acts with promptness and certainty. Try it. LIQUID PANCREO-PEPSIN: A powerful digester. Put up in sixteen ounce bottles. Price $1. ARTHROSIA: A valuable remedy in gout, rheumatism, neuralgia, and diseases of the liver and kidneys. A trial will pay you well. William R. Warner & Co., Wholesale Agents, 1228 Market street, Philadelphia. INDEX.

Ti tle page, 1. Bleeding (at lungs), 60. Introduction, 3. Bleeding piles, 92. Preface, 5. Bloody flux, 50. llemarks, 7. Bowel complaint, 26. Acknowledgment, 6. Brain troubles, 25. Advertisements, 168, 219. Bright’s disease, 26. Bronchitis, 27. Abscess of the pharynx, 17. Bubo, 28. Acute gastritis, 59. Burns and scalds, 29. Addison’s disease, 19. A female accomplishment, Calculi, 29. 217, 218. Camp fever, 53. Alcoholism, 22. Catarrh (in the head), 30. All-powerful fashion, 204- Catarrh (of the bile ducts) 206. 70. Aneurism, 20. Catarrh (nasal chronic), 89, Angina pectoris, 21. Cautionary signals, 168- Apothecaries’ fluid meas- 170. ure, 177. Chicken-pox, 31. Apothecaries’ weight, 177. Chills and fever, 32. Artificial disinfectants, 146. Chlorine, 147. Ascites, 49. Cholera (Asiatic), 33. Asthma, 23. Cholera (infantum), 34. Autumn catarrh, 56. Cholera (morbus), 36. Avoirdupois weight, 177. Chorea, 117. Coal-tar, 146. Barber’s itch, 23. Colic (intestiual), 39. Bell’s palsy, 90. Constipation, 40. Best dentifrice, 152. Convulsions, 41. Best whitewash, 151. Cow-pox, 42. Biles or boils, 25. Cramps, 41. Bilious fever, 24. Croup, 42. Biliousness, 25. Cutaneous diseases, 43. Bilious typhoid, 57. Bites, 24. Debility (general), 44. Black vomit, 54. Delirium tremens, 22. 220 INDEX 221

Deodorizers, 145. Fever (typhus), 53. Dextro-quinine, prepara- Fever (yellow), 54. tions of, 207-211. Fits, 41. Diabetes, 46. Flowers in sleeping-rooms, Diarrhoea, 47. 142. Diphtheria, 48, 206. Flux (bloody), 50. Disease, new theory of, 10. I Food, adulteration of, 8. Disinfectants, 145. I Food for the sick, 160-102. Dropsy, 49. Drowning, how to save ! Gangrene, 08. from, 144. Gas, 148. Dry measure, 177. Gastralia, 58. Duchenne’s paralysis, 01. Gastric catarrh, 59. Dysentery, 50. I Glanders, 62. Dyspepsia, 51. Gleet, 60. Gonorrhoea, 61. Eating, 164. Good teeth, 152. Electricity, galvanic or Gout, 63. voltaic belts, 14. Graham bread, 162. Emmenagogues, 164-166. Gypsum, 146. Enteric fever, 128. Epilepsy (fits), 51. Hsemorrhoids, 02. Equinia, 62. Hair dye, 154. Eruptions of the skin, 51. Hands, chapped, 77. Erysipelas, 52. Headache, 64. Eyes (inflammation of), 52. Heart disease, 65. Eyes vs. Spectacles, 153. Helminthiasis, 138. Hemorrhage, 66. Falling sickness, 51. Hemorrhage (from cuts), Falling of the womb, 136. 67. Famine fever, 57. Hepatic abscess, 78, Farcy, 62. Herpes circinatus, 102. Fever and ague, 32. Hooping cough,67. Fever (hay), 56. Horses, 166. Fever (malarial), 83. How to read gas meter, 140. Fever (camp), 53, 83. Hydrophobia, 68. Fever (enteric), 128. Hypersemia of the liver, 80. Fever (famine), 57. Hysteria, 60. Fever (relapsing), 57. Fever (ship), 53. Icterus, 72. 222 INDEX. Indigestion, 51. i Lock-jaw, 81. Inflammation, 70. Looseness (of the bowels), Inflammation (of the eves), 47. 52. Lungs(consumption of), 82. Inflammation (of the throat), 27. Malaena, 71. Inflammation (of the peri- Malaria, 83. toneum), 91. Malignant jaundice, 79. Inflammation (of the spinal Mania a potu, 22. cord), 85. Meaning of words in Insect bites and stings, 115. “ Doses ” Table, 178. Insects on trees, 163. Measles, 83. Insolation, 120. Medicines by measure, 177. Insomnia, 112. Melville’s family Medi- Instincts and outstinks, cines, 168. 163. Menorrhagia, 155. Intestinal hemorrhage, 71. Menstruation, painful, 211— Intestinal obstruction, 71. 216. Intermittent fever, 71. Mercurial rheumatism, 103. Irish moss jelly, 161. Migraine, 64. Morbilli, 83. “ Jack” (yellow), 72. Morbus regius, 72. Jaundice, 72. Mumps, 84. June cold, 56. Music vs. Medicine, 198- 201. Kidney disease, 26. Myelitis, 85. Kidney (cancer of), 73. Kidney (movable), 73. Natural disinfectants, 145. Kidney (nephritis), 74. Nausea, 86. Kidney (tubercular), 74. Nephritis, 86. Kine-pox, 42. Nervousness, 87. King’s evil, 110. Neuralgia, 88. Neuralgia of the stomach, Laryngitis (acute), 75. 58. Laryngitis, 42. Neuralgia of the heart, 21. Lead poisoning, 76. Neurosis, 69. Leucorrhcea, 77. Night sweats, 87. Lips (chapped), 77. Nursing the sick, 150. Liver (abscess of), 78. Liver (congestion of), 80. Obstruction (of the bowels), Liver (shrinking of), 79. 71. INDEX. 223

Old sores, 114. Remittent fever, 24. Ophthalmia, 52. Renal abscess, 26. Ozsena, 89. Rheumatism (acute), 100. Rheumatism(chronic), 100. Painter’s colic, 76. Rheumatic fever, 99. Palpitation (of the heart), Rheumatic gout, 63. 90. Rickets, 101. Palsy (Bell’s), 90. Rigours, 32. Paralysis, 91. Ringworm, 102. Parotitis, 84. Rose cold, 73. Peritonitis, 91. Roseola, 103. Pestilentia, 93. Rupture (of the heart), 103. Pestis, 93. Rule for prescribing fot Piles, 91. children, 196. Plague, 93. Pleurisy, 97. Salivation, 103. Plumbism, 76. Salt rheum (tetter), 23. Podagra, 63. Salt, use of, 216, 217. Poisons (general treatment Scarlet fever, 104. of), 172-177. Scarlatina, 104. Poisoning, 94-97. Scalds and burns, 29. Polymia, 46. Scald head, 109. Port of Philadelphia, 196- Scalp disease, 109. 198. Scorbutus, 111. Porous clay, 146. Scrofula, 110. Poultices, 158, 159. Scurvy, 111. Pox, 122. Sea-sickness, 107. “ Prolapsus Uteri,” 136. Ship fever, 53. Ptyalism, 103. Shoes (to make wear Pulmonary consumption, well), 155. 82. Sick-room philosophy, 143. Pyrosis, 135. Skin disease, 43. Sleeplessness, 112. Quain’s disease, 99. Small-pox, 113. Quinsy, 98. Snake bites, 116. Quick-lime, 146. Sores (old), 114. Sore throat, 48. Rabies, 68. Sound sense, 170-172. Rachitis, 101. Sprains, 114. Relapsing fever, 57. Stains (to remove), 149. 224 INDEX, St. Anthony’s fire, 52. i To purify water, 143. St. Guy’s dance, 117. Trichinosis, 126. St. John’s dance, 117. Trismus, 81. St. Vitus’ dance, 114. j Troy weight, 177. Stings of insects, 115. | Tumors, 127. Stone in the bladder, 29. Typhoid fever, 128. Stoppage, 71. Stopping holes in ships, Ulcers, 114. 141. Unleavened bread, 162. Stricture, 118. Urethritis, 118. Subluxations, 114. Urine (incontinence of), Sudor, 87. 129. Suffocation, 119. i Urinary organs, 130. Summer complaint, 36. Uterine hemorrhage, 155- “ Sun’s cholera remedy,” 157. 35. Sunstroke, 120. Vaccination, 131. Sunstroke (to prevent), Vaccinia, 42. 159. Varicella, 31. Sweats (night), 87. Varioloid, 133. Swellings, 121. Venereal disease, 122,123. Syphilis (primary), 122. Vomiting (and in preg- Syphilis (secondary), 123. nancy), 134. Table of doses for adults, Water brash, 135. 179-196. Water (to purify), 143. Tape worm, 139. What do you take medicine Testes (enlarged), 124. for, 9, 10. Tetanus, 81. Wine stains (to remove), Tetter, 23. 151. “The air we breathe,” 141. Wine whey, 162. “The perambulator,” 153. Womb (falling of), 136. The “ festive mosquito,” Womb complaint, 137. 162. Worm (tape), 139. Things worth knowing, Worms (intestinal), 138. 141. Wounds, 140. Tic douloureux, 88. Tobacco, 163. Yellow fever, 54. Tonsils (enlarged), 98. Yellow fever infection, Toothache, 125. 201-204.