DOCSLIB.ORG

A Historical Analysis of the Impact of the 1966 Ugandan Constitutional Crisis on Buganda’S Monarchy

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
A Historical Analysis of the Impact of the 1966 Ugandan Constitutional Crisis on Buganda’S Monarchy A HISTORICAL ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF THE 1966 UGANDAN CONSTITUTIONAL CRISIS ON BUGANDA’S MONARCHY by Fred Musisi Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Philosophiae Doctor in The Faculty of Arts at the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University Promoter: Dr R.O. Herbst (NMMU) Co- Promoter: Professor P. Cunningham (NMMU) 2017 DECLARATION NAME: Fred Musisi STUDENT NUMBER: 211062847 QUALIFICATION: Philosophiae Doctor TITLE OF PROJECT: A HISTORICAL ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF THE 1966 UGANDAN CONSTITUTIONAL CRISIS ON BUGANDA’S MONARCHY In accordance with Rule G4.6.3, I hereby declare that the above-mentioned thesis is my own work and that it has not previously been submitted for assessment to another University or for another qualification. ……………………………………….. SIGNATURE DATE: 2017 i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The completion of this thesis is owed to the insightful help and direction of various people who provided encouragement and love. I am greatly indebted to Dr. R. O. Herbst, my Promoter for his professional guidance, motivation and dedication in pursing this study and eventual writing of the thesis. I would like in a special way thank my Co-Promoter Professor P. Cunningham whose continuous encouragement gave me immeasurable impetus to complete this study. Without the steadfast support of my Promoters this research would not have materialised. This thesis therefore represents almost as much the culmination of their hard work and energy as well as mine. I also wish to thank my family: My wife, Allen Musisi and children; Matovu Nathan, Sserugga Elijah and Namatovu Nicole who for the purpose of pursuing the Ph.D. studies to fruition, I denied them sufficient company, love and affection. Their patience and understanding are rare qualities that were undeniably central to my success. I owe great gratitude to Nsibambi Xavier Francis and Nabbira Jackline for the enormous work they did as my research assistants during the early stages of this study. Words will never be able to express my thanks and appreciation but I hope my actions will also inspire you in the academic world. My colleagues, staff and Management at Muteesa Royal University (MRU) deserve special thanks for the encouragement and support you gave me. In particular, I would wish to thank colleagues at the Faculty of Education; Namazzi Winfred, Mahajubu Abudul and Kyankuzire Zubedah who often stood in for me while I was away. Finally, my gratitude extends to my fellow Doctoral students at NMMU for the encouragement, comradeship and with whom we have been pursuing our academic goals, namely; Wasswa Hannington, Kyagulanyi Ronald, Sekiswa Peter, Jagwe Aisha, Ddungu Rachael, Sebuliba Natumbwe and Kiggundu Joseph. You made the journey bearable. ii To the Family of Professor Vincent Kakembo; the warm hospitality you always gave whenever we came to South Africa was immensely rewarding and unparalled. Our stay at your home reflected a home away from home. May Almighty abundantly bless you all. ` iii ABSTRACT 1966 was a particularly tumultuous year in the East African country of Uganda. After an era of relative peace and stability, the country was plagued by a range of tragedies that resulted in a constitutional crisis after the 24 May attack on the palace of the King of Buganda. This was the first time in Uganda's short history that the state had deliberately and systematically turned its guns on its own people. As a point of departure the study advances that existing historical analyses on the crisis lack detail. Consequently, the core of the study was to provide a more focused detailed and multi-faceted historical account of the 1966 crisis on the Buganda’s monarchy. The study yielded insights into the political and socio-economic impacts of the 1966 political turmoil on the people of Buganda. Using the historical method to inform the research design; the study employed an archival history methodology to examine how both the colonial legacy and the internal dynamics of the Ugandan society combined to lead to a serious and dramatic conflict between the kingdom of Buganda and State of Uganda. Furthermore, the study demonstrates that the political turmoil left an indelible scar on the Kingdom of Buganda. The study offers clarity on why and how the crisis occurred and contributes a better understanding of the ‘grey area’ of knowledge and insights into what the abolition of the Kingdom meant to the Baganda. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION .......................................................................................................... i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .......................................................................................... ii ABSTRACT .............................................................................................................. iv LIST OF APPENDICES ............................................................................................. x LIST OF UGANDAN TERMS .................................................................................... xi ACRONYMS ........................................................................................................... xiii CHAPTER 1 THE NATURE AND CONDITIONING INFLUENCE OF BRITISH COLONIALISM ON BUGANDA 1.1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................. 1 1.2 POLITICAL ORGANIZATION IN THE PRE-COLONIAL ERA ......................... 1 1.3 ECONOMIC ORGANIZATION ......................................................................... 2 1.4 EARLY FOREIGN INFLUENCE IN UGANDA.................................................. 2 1.5 THE ESTABLISHMENT OF BRITISH COLONIAL RULE IN UGANDA ......... 12 1.6 THE IMPACT OF THE NATURE OF BRITISH COLONIAL RULE ON BUGANDA ..................................................................................................... 16 1.7 THE EFFECTS OF THE SYSTEM OF INDIRECT RULE ON BUGANDA’S RELATIONSHIP WITH OTHER REGIONS ................................................... 22 1.8 THE PROBLEM OF LOST COUNTIES ......................................................... 25 1.9 SUMMARY .................................................................................................... 33 CHAPTER TWO A DECADE TO INDEPENDENCE: AN ERA OF POLITICAL TURMOIL 2.1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................... 34 v 2.2 THE 1953 DEPORTATION OF THE KABAKA AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE IN THE CONSTITUTIONAL PATH ................................................................ 36 2.3 THE EMERGENCE OF POLITICAL PARTIES AS ALTERNATIVE POWER CENTRES TO THE MENGO ESTABLISHMENT ............................ 44 2.4 ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF BUGANDA’S REGIONAL NATIONALISM .............................................................................................. 49 2.5 THE FORMATION OF UGANDA PEOPLES’ CONGRESS/ KABAKA YEKKA ALLIANCE ........................................................................................ 53 2.6 THE LEGACIES OF THE 1961 AND 1962 LONDON CONSTITUTIONAL CONFERENCES ........................................................................................... 58 2.6.1 The 1959 Wild Committee Report ..................................................... 58 2.6.2 The Munster Commission ................................................................. 60 2.6.3 The Molson Commission ................................................................... 61 2.6.4 The Conference Deliberations .......................................................... 63 2.7 THE 1962 INDEPENDENCE CONSTITUTION: A PRELUDE TO POLITICAL INSTABILITY .............................................................................. 70 CHAPTER THREE POLITICAL DISORDER FROM 1962 TO 1966: PRELUDE TO THE ATTACK ON BUGANDA 3.1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................... 77 3.2 THE FORMATION OF THE KABAKA YEKKA-UGANDA PEOPLE’S CONGRESS COALITION GOVERNMENT ................................................... 77 3.3 KABAKA MUTEESA II BECOMES PRESIDENT OF THE COALITION GOVERNMENT ............................................................................................. 83 3.4 AN INTENSIFICATION OF POLITICAL RIVALRY: THE CONFLICTING ROLES OF PRESIDENT AND PRIME MINISTER ........................................ 87 3.5 THE IMPLICATIONS OF THE STRUGGLE TO CONTROL THE UGANDA PEOPLE’S CONGRESS IN BUGANDA ........................................................ 90 vi 3.6 COLLAPSE OF THE UGANDA PEOPLE’S CONGRESS-KABAKA YEKKA ALLIANCE AND THE EFFECTS THEREOF ON BUGANDA ........... 94 3.7 THE RISE OF THE MILITARY AS A FACTOR IN THE CRISIS .................. 104 3.8 THE 1965 LOST COUNTIES REFERENDUM............................................. 110 CHAPTER FOUR THE UNEASY PATH TO OBOTE’S DICTATORSHIP 4.1 INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................... 118 4.2 IDI AMIN AND THE POLITICAL RAMIFICATIONS OF THE GOLD SCANDAL MOTION ON 4 FEBRUARY 1966 .............................................. 118 4.3 OBOTE’S PATH TO DICTATORSHIP ......................................................... 127 4.3.1 The 22 February 1966 Arrest of Cabinet Ministers ......................... 127 4.3.2 The Suspension of the 1962 Independence Constitution ................ 129 4.3.3 Abolition of the Offices of the President and Vice President ........... 132 4.3.4 The Abrogation of 1962 Independence Constitution ....................... 136 4.4 KABAKA MUTEESA II’S REACTION .........................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Kwir Megi En Aye Bimoko
    YER ME MWAKA 2000 AYfHO KIT I OC I OB KWIR MEGI EN AYE BIMOKO iv UGANDA Introduction: the creation of a state Uganda is a young country. The announcement of its creation and of its status as a British protectorate was published in the London Gazette in 1894. Unfortunately, most of the people who lived in the territory that was described to the world as being Uganda had never heard of the London Gazette, nor did a country called Uganda mean anything to them. Not surprisingly they felt no allegiance to an imperial creation whose borders cut across existing economic, political, and social relationships. The formation of Uganda was not the result of a gradual process of national integration. On the contrary, both its existence and its borders were determined almost entirely by competition between the imperial powers - Great Britain, Germany, and France - for control of territory in Africa and, specifically, for control of the head-waters of the River Nile. Nevertheless, when Uganda was given its independence in 1962, there was a sense of optimism in the air. Unlike in Kenya, Uganda's neighbour to the east, the independence campaign in Uganda was not characterised by insurgency, violence, or bloodshed, and the transition to independence was orderly and relatively harmonious. Investments in education, health care, and in the creation of effective public services also help to explain the positive expectations that accompanied the achievement of independence. Tumbling waters of the Nile at Bujagali Falls • Sarah Aromorac walks beneath posters urging Ugandans to vote in the national referendum on 29 June 2000.
    [Show full text]
  • Paper No. Makerere University Makerere
    PAPER NO. MAKERERE UNIVERSITY MAKERERE INSTITUTE OF SOCIAL RESEARCH COMMUNAL CONFLICTS IN THE MILITARY AND ITS POLITICAL CONSEQUENCES By Dan Mudoola MAKERERE INSTITUTE OF SOCIAL RESEARCH Paper Presented to the Seroinar on "INTERNAL CONFLICT IK UGANDA", 21st - 26th September, 1987; Sponsored by International Alert London; MaJcerere Institute of Social Research, MaJcerere University; International Peace Research Institute, Oslo; and The United Nat Lons University, Tokyo. Views and opinions in this paper are the sole responsibility of the Author, not the sponsors' nor those of the organisation the author oomes from. the civil service and the judiciary, were defined. On the first Independence anniversary the constitution was amended to provide for a ceremonial president to replace the Governor-General. On the occasion of opening the first Independence. Parliament the Queen's representative, the Duke of Kent, members of the coalition UPC-KY government and, to some extent, members of the Opposition were in a sanguine self-congratulatory mood. The Duke of Kent promised thai his Government "would foster the spirit of tolerance and goodwill between all the peoples of Uganda - It would - pay due heed to the traditional beliefs and customs of the diverse peoples of Uganda. It would respect individual rights of the oommon man. It' would recognise the special status and dignity of the Hereditary Rulers of the Kingdoms and of the Constitutional Heads of the Districts". In equal measure, the Prime Minister, Apolo Milton Obote:, believed that "'traditional institutions would form a firm foundation upon which our newly independent state could be _ 3 advanoed." The leader of the Opposition, Basil Bataringays however, oautioned against "'tribalism and factionalism, our: two most deadly enemies - and unless we sen .acquire - • a sense of common purpose? - we can never be sure that our future path vri.ll be; entirely smooth1^- - Within a space of less than four years another actor v/ho had never been pert of the political calculations leading to independence- came to the scene.
    [Show full text]
  • Union Calendar--No
    Union Calendar--No. 706 89th Congress, 2d Session - - House Report No. 1565 REPORT OF THE SPECIAL STUDY MISSION TO AFRICA November 27-December 14, 1965 COMPRISING HON. CHARLES C. DIGGS, Jr., Michigan, Chairman HON. BENJAMIN S. ROSENTHAL, New York HON. E. Ross ADAIR, Indiana HON. EDWARD J. DERWINSKI, Illinois OF THE COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN AFFAIRS PURSUANT TO H. RES. 84, 89TH CONGRESS, A RESOLUTION AUTHORIZING -THE COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN AFFAIRS TO CONDUCT THOROUGH STUDIES AND INVESTIGATIONS OF ALL MATTERS COMING WITHIN THE JURISDICTION OF SUCH COMMITTEE JUNE 1, 1966.-Committed to the Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union and ordered to be printed U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 63-732 0 WASHINGTON : 1966 FOREWORD HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN AFFAIRS, Washington, D.C., March 17, 1966. This report has been submitted to the Committee on Foreign Affairs by the special study mission to Africa conducted between November 27 and December 14, 1965. The findings in this report are those of the special study mission and do not necessarily reflect the views of the membership of the full (ommittee on Foreign Affairs. It is filed in the hope that it will prove useful to the Congress in its consideration of legislation. THOMAS E. MORGAN, Chairman. m LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN AFFAIRS, Washington, D.C., March 17, 1966. Hon. THOMAS E. MORGAN, Chairman, Committee on Foreign Affairs, House of Representatives, Washington, D.C. DEAR MR. CHAIRMAN: I am submitting for consideration the Committee on Foreign Affairs the report of the special study missionby to Africa, November 27 to December 14, 1965.
    [Show full text]
  • @Bernadette A. Da Silva Montreal. Qu,Bec
    f - .. ,. , lI' .. 1 , l" i j• • McGUL UNIVERSITY 1 THE POST-COLONIAL STATE: UGAIDA 1962 - 1971. A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE . FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES AND RESEARCH -IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQl1IREMEMS FOR THE DEGREE OF MiSTER OF ARTS BI @Bernadette A. Da Silva Montreal. Qu,bec August 1985. 1 s • • ABSTRACT u .. • . The lIubJect of th!. thesie 18 the nature ot the poet- oolonial ita te in Atriea as exe.pl1tled by the proeusee ot ..tate for •• tion in Uganda ,during the 1962-71 periode It h the contention of the theeh thaet an 9bderetanding or, thele • proceeeu le neceeearl for an underetandlng of the poet­ colonial etate. state for ..tion ie a direct r.sponee on the part of poli tical leader.' to the preesuree and proble.s created bl eoc1eta(l. tCJt'oes. Thue, a study of these proeellee will shed turther ~léht on the ralationshlpe betw.en varloue , , eoeietal toroes.... ae _11 ae betlleeri eocletal forcee and the • ta te. Thie Ihould, in turn, enable us ta &see 8 e th, nature of the atate, in part1cular vhe~her It existe at aIl, and if la whether i t playl an Instru.ental role or whether l.t i8 art autotlQaous to'rce. On the buie ot the U,anda aaterlal, the f thesis telte the varloue hlpothe818 re,ardlng the funct1011B of \ the etate and concludee tha~.whlle it do~ndeed exiet, the ·f at•. t. ".(acII ~any eonltra1nta on He autono.y, a eondition re­ , tll"Cted in the poli~ee puraued bl the poli tical leaderehip ot the country.
    [Show full text]
  • Nternational Alert
    PAPER NO. PAP/004 MAKERERE UNIVERSITY MAKERERE INSTITUTE OF SOCIAL RESEARCH/INTERNATIONAL ALERT ETHNIC PLURALISM AND POLITICAL CENTRALISATION"': THE BASIS OF POLITICAL CONFLICT IN UGANDA INSTITUTE OF j D:vt. C :NT STUDIES LIBRARY Dr. Y. BARONGO, Associate Professor, Department of Political Science, Makerere University Paper presented to the International Seminar on Internal Conflict, 21st - 26th September, 1987; sponsored by International Alert, London; Makerere Institute of Social Research, Makerere University; International Peace Research Institute, Oslo; and The United Nations University, Tokyo. Views and opinions in this paper are the sole responsibility of the author, not the sponsors' nor those of the organisation the author comes from. an& the struggle of the elite members of ethnic groups to control the centre:, hightens'and intensifies political conflict. To many observers of the Ugandan political scene, particularly those of foreign (western) origins, the struggle for political power at' the centre among political elites from different ethnic backgrounds which in recent years has assumed violent dimensions, is an expression of ethnic or 'tribal' conflict and' hostility. Contrary to such views, this paper attempts to show that the violent conflicts that have bedevilled the Ugandan nation since the 1966 crisis, are purely political conflicts in origin, oaJuse and effect. The paper contends that the struggle for participation and control of political power at the centre, is one of the major causes of political conflict in this oountry. In the end, the paper advocates for the decentralization of power and the creation of a strong system of local govern- ment as means of minimizing political conflict in Uganda.
    [Show full text]
  • Understanding the Politics of Land Tenure in Post-Conflict Uganda
    1 Contradictions of Consolidation, Puzzles of Resistance: Understanding the Politics of Land Tenure in Post-Conflict Uganda. In Sub-Saharan Africa it has been suggested that government reliance on customary authority at local levels is inimical to democracy. Genuine democracy in Africa must address the undemocratic compulsions customary authorities are able to enforce as a result of their de facto control over land and labour. This paper examines the extent to which guerrilla movements are capable of altering existing patterns of authority and control over land use in Africa. While fighting a civil war, the NRA (National Resistance Army) in Uganda introduced democratic reforms to local government in territories under its control. After the war and in government, the NRM (National Resistance Movement) has introduced legislation that has sought to privatize land tenure in the south and elsewhere in Uganda. This paper argues that neither of these institutional reforms threatened the authority of Bugandan notables in Southern Uganda. Democratic reforms introduced during the war did not address the basis of customary authority in Buganda (land). While in government, the NRM has abandoned the alliance constructed with the southern peasantry established during the civil war. In order to entrench its position in government, attempts to privatize land have not only sought to attack customary authority but also to allow clients of the NRM from elsewhere in Uganda to ‘legitimately’ accumulate land in the south. As a result, defending customary authority over land allocation has become a means through which peasants in the south have safeguarded themselves against land dislocation. In this way, customary law has functioned as an institution around which resistance to authoritarianism and corruption has been based.
    [Show full text]
  • Uganda People's Congress and National Resistance
    UGANDA PEOPLE'S CONGRESS AND NATIONAL RESISTANCE MOVEMENT By Yoga Adhola The National Resistance Movement (NRM) is a movement to resist UPC or what UPC stands for, i.e. national-democratic liberation. The earliest incidence of this resistance is given to us by none other than the founder of the NRM, Yoweri Museveni. He recounts: We were staunchly anti-Obote. On 22 February 1966, the day he arrested five members of his cabinet, three of us, Martin Mwesigwa, Eriya Kategaya and myself went to see James Kahigiriza, who was the Chief Minister of Ankole, to inquire about the possibility of going into exile to launch an armed struggle. Kahigiriza discouraged us, saying that we should give Obote enough time to fall by his own mistakes. We saw him again a few weeks later and he gave us the example of Nkrumah, who had been overthrown in Ghana by a military coup two days after Obote's abrogation of the Uganda constitution. Kahigiriza advised us that Nkrumah's example showed that all dictators were bound to fall in due course. Inwardly we were not convinced. We knew that dictators had to be actively opposed and that they would not just fall off by themselves like ripe mangoes. Later I went to Gayaza High School with Mwesigwa to contact Grace Ibingira's sister in order to find out whether she knew of any plans afoot to resist Obote's dictatorship. She, however, did not know of any such plan. We came to the conclusion that the old guard had no conception of defending people’s rights and we resolved to strike on our own.
    [Show full text]
  • A Foreign Policy Determined by Sitting Presidents: a Case
    T.C. ANKARA UNIVERSITY GRADUATE SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS A FOREIGN POLICY DETERMINED BY SITTING PRESIDENTS: A CASE STUDY OF UGANDA FROM INDEPENDENCE TO DATE PhD Thesis MIRIAM KYOMUHANGI ANKARA, 2019 T.C. ANKARA UNIVERSITY GRADUATE SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS A FOREIGN POLICY DETERMINED BY SITTING PRESIDENTS: A CASE STUDY OF UGANDA FROM INDEPENDENCE TO DATE PhD Thesis MIRIAM KYOMUHANGI SUPERVISOR Prof. Dr. Çınar ÖZEN ANKARA, 2019 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................ i ABBREVIATIONS ................................................................................................... iv FIGURES ................................................................................................................... vi PHOTOS ................................................................................................................... vii INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................... 1 CHAPTER ONE UGANDA’S JOURNEY TO AUTONOMY AND CONSTITUTIONAL SYSTEM I. A COLONIAL BACKGROUND OF UGANDA ............................................... 23 A. Colonial-Background of Uganda ...................................................................... 23 B. British Colonial Interests .................................................................................. 32 a. British Economic Interests .........................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Conclusion: an End to Conflict
    Conclusion: an end to conflict Looking back on their daily lives over the last 40 years or so, the majority of Uganda's citizens will reflect on the turbulence of the times they have lived through. In some respects, there has been little change in the patterns of daily life for millions of Ugandans. People continue to cultivate the land by hand, or to herd their animals in ways that have barely altered since Uganda was created a hundred years ago. They continue to provide for their own subsistence, with relatively little contact with external markets. This sense of continuity was captured by Lorochom, the Karimojong elder, who explained, 'Governments change and the weather changes... but we continue herding our animals.' There have been some positive changes, however. The mismanagement of Uganda's economy under the regimes of Idi Amin and Obote II left Uganda amongst the poorest countries in the world. Improved management of the national economy has been one of the great achievements of the NRM and, provided that • Margaret Muhindo in her aid flows do not significantly diminish, Ugandans can kitchen garden. In a good reasonably look forward to continued economic growth, better public year, she will be able to sell surplus vegetables for cash. services, and further investments in essential infrastructure. In a bad year, she and her Nonetheless, turbulence has been the defining feature of the age, family will scrape by on the and it is in the political realm that turbulence has been profoundly food they grow. destructive. Instead of protecting the lives and property of its citizens, the state in one form or other has been responsible for the murder, torture, harassment, displacement, and impoverishment of its people.
    [Show full text]
  • Profiles of Multilingualism in Kampala: an Analysis of Language Biographies and Linguistic Repertoires of University Students
    PROFILES OF MULTILINGUALISM IN KAMPALA: AN ANALYSIS OF LANGUAGE BIOGRAPHIES AND LINGUISTIC REPERTOIRES OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS By FLORENCE TENDO BAYIGA Dissertation presented for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in General Linguistics in the faculty of Arts and Social Sciences at Stellenbosch University Supervisor: Prof. Christine Anthonissen Co-supervisor: Dr. Ondene Van Dulm March 2016 Stellenbosch University https://scholar.sun.ac.za DECLARATION By submitting this dissertation, I declare that I understand what constitutes plagiarism, that the entirety of the work contained therein is my own, original work, that I am the sole author thereof (save to the extent explicitly otherwise stated), that reproduction and publication thereof by Stellenbosch University will not infringe any third party rights, and that I have not previously in its entirety or in part submitted it for obtaining any qualification. ................................................................................. .......................................................... Name Date Copyright ©2016 Stellenbosch University All rights reserved i Stellenbosch University https://scholar.sun.ac.za DEDICATION I dedicate this work to my three children who persevered staying without mummy for months as I was away for studies. I pray that they have the charisma to persevere even more challenges to achieve great goals in life. ii Stellenbosch University https://scholar.sun.ac.za ABSTRACT This is a sociolinguistic study that investigates the language biographies and repertoires that underpin the kinds of linguistic knowledge students in Kampala, Uganda have acquired by the time they enter university. The study relates such biographies and repertoires to the status of the various languages represented in the study. The concepts of ‘multilingualism’ and ‘linguistic repertoire’ are central to this study as they are relevant to multilingual African communities where a wide variety of indigenous languages are recorded.
    [Show full text]
  • IMPUNITY – a Cry for Media Freedom
    Press Freedom Index Report - 2018 Uganda IMPUNITY A Cry for Media Freedom Human Rights Network for Journalists-Uganda Plot 1304, Serumaga Road, Kalonda Zone Bukoto P.O.Box 7472, Kampala Uganda. Tel: 256-414-272934/414-667627 Hotline: 256-702905566 Toll Free: 0800144155, Email: [email protected], Website: www.hrnjuganda.org Press Freedm index Report - 2018 Uganda IMPUNITY A Cry for Media Freedom 1 This publication is available for public use. It can be reproduced or quoted provided Human Rights Network for Journalists-Uganda is quoted as the source. Published by Human Rights Network for Journalists-Uganda (HRNJ-Uganda) Plot No. 1304 Serumaga Road, Kalonda Zone Bukoto P.O Box 7472 Kampala Uganda Tel: +256 414272937 | +256 414667627 Hotline: +256702905566 Toll Free: 0800144155, Email: [email protected] Website:www.hrnjuganda.org Designed & Printed by: Esam Concepts (U) Ltd. +256 - 774 438 107 © Human Rights Network for Journalists-Uganda 2018 Disclaimer This report is made possible by the support of the American people through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). The contents of this Report, however, are the sole responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States Government. Contents Abbreviations 5 Acknowledgement 7 Foreword 8 Executive Summary 9 Chapter One: Media in state of capture 15 Chapter Two: Legal Framework 18 Chapter Three: Background, Context and Methodology 24 Chapter Four: How violations and abuses were
    [Show full text]
  • School of Mission and Theology
    SCHOOL OF MISSION AND THEOLOGY STAVANGER, NORWAY BUGANDA CULTURAL RELIGIOUS BELIEFS AND RITUALS ENCOUNTERING MODERNITY IN UGANDA. A CASE STUDY OF LUBAGA DIVISION KAMPALA DISTRICT UGANDA BY NAMAALO RASHIDAH MASTER THESIS AS A PARTIAL FULFILLMENT TO THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF THE MASTER’S DEGREE IN GLOBAL STUDIES AT THE SCHOOL OF MISSION AND THEOLOGY, STAVANGER, NORWAY JUNE 2012 1 DEDICATION I dedicate this work to my late father Sheikh Mustafa Maalo and my mother Nalubwama Jemeo Maalo for their moral support through out this study, my lovely husband sheikh Haruna Jemba, my daughter Shahiidah Jemba, my brother Maalo Baker Kakooza and my sister Nalugo Halima Maalo Nanyondo Hamidah. 2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Writing a thesis and completing it has been a very great achievement though some times stressing, but I stand to say thanks to the almighty Allah who provided me with the knowledge, understanding, courage wisdom and guidance to accomplish this work successfully. I would also take this opportunity to express my appreciation and great thanks to my tutors, associate professor Gerd Marie Adna and Kari Storstein Haug for their professional and intellectual guidance and they were actually my academic parents while supervising me and with out them it would have been difficult to complete this thesis. My sincere appreciations goes to the school of Mission and Theology in Stavanger for the establishment of the study network with department of religious studies Makerere university through which I was given a scholarship for the masters degree and to all my professors who taught me during my two years at the school of mission and theology I express my gratitude to the Norwegian government (Lanekassen) for providing me with the study opportunity and for the help they offer to the less privileged people.
    [Show full text]