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Volume 35 / No. 6 / 2017 GemmologyThe Journal of Volume 35 / No. 6 / 2017 The Gemmological Association of Great Britain Silver, Freiberg, Erzgebirge, Saxony, Germany Specimen courtesy of Collector’s Edge Minerals, Inc. Now Available The Sisk Gemology Reference by Jerry Sisk • jtv.com/sgr Contents GemmologyThe Journal of Volume 35 / No. 6 / 2017 463 Editorial p. 537 COLUMNS 464 What’s New Gemchrom EOS diamond colori- meter|GoSpectro smartphone- based spectrometer|DiaTrue mobile|SSEF PearlScan|CIBJO Blue Books| Gemmological Society of Japan abstracts|GIA p. 482 News from Research on sap- phires from Madagascar, Myan- mar and Thailand|GIT Lab Update on grandidierite from Yamei Wang photo Madagascar|Goldsmiths’ Com- pany Technical Journal|PDAC diamond abstracts|SSEF Facette| SSEF Trade Alert on Kashmir-like sapphires from Madagascar| World Bank report on Ethiopia’s coloured stone industry| Gemstone Knowledge Hub 468 Gem Notes ARTICLES Amethyst from Brazil|Beryl- Jeff Scovil photo lonite from Pakistan|Apache Blue Stone from Arizona, USA| Feature Articles Yellow Tianhuang stone|Cu- 506 Distinction of Natural and Synthetic Ametrine by stained quartzite from Afghan- Microscopic Examination—A Practical Approach istan|Sapphires from Canada and northern Ethiopia|Tourmaline By Karl Schmetzer from Mwajanga and Simanjiro District, Tanzania|Alluvial dia- 530 Gemmological and Spectroscopic Features of mond mining in South Africa| Untreated vs. Heated Amber Quartz from Brazil with hema- tite/goethite, pyrite and rhodo- By Yamei Wang, Mingxing Yang, Shufang Nie and Fen Liu chrosite inclusions|Quartz from Pakistan with biotite and Gemmological Brief actinolite inclusions|HPHT synthetic diamond research in 544 Sassolite- and CO2-H2O-bearing Fluid Inclusions in The Netherlands|Borosilicate Yellow Danburite from Luc Yen, Vietnam glass|Synthetic ruby resembling Burmese ruby|‘Sea Sediment By Le Thi-Thu Huong, Kurt Krenn and Christoph Hauzenberger Jasper’|Blue synthetic star spinel|Gems at the Natural 551 Conferences History Museum, London Sinkankas Symposium—Sapphire|Presentations in Tucson, Arizona, USA Cover Photo: A new approach for microscopi- cally distinguishing natural from 554 Gem-A Notices synthetic ametrine is described on pp. 506–529 of this issue. Shown in this composite photo 556 Learning Opportunities are three custom-faceted natu- ral ametrines: a 19.87 ct round StarBrite cut, a 20.35 ct cushion ZigZag cut and a 13.69 ct square 559 New Media StarBrite cut. Courtesy of John Dyer Gems, Edina, Minnesota, USA; photos by Ozzie Campos. 565 Literature of Interest The Journal is published by Gem-A in collaboration with SSEF and with the support of AGL and GIT. ISSN: 1355-4565, http://dx/doi.org/10.15506/JoG.2017.35.6 i The Journal of emmology G THE GEMMOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION OF GREAT BRITAIN Editor-in-Chief Production Editor Marketing Consultant Brendan M. Laurs Mary A. Burland Ya’akov Almor [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] 21 Ely Place Editorial Assistants Editor Emeritus Executive Editor London EC1N 6TD Carol M. Stockton Roger R. Harding Alan D. Hart UK Angharad Kolator Baldwin t: +44 (0)20 7404 3334 Associate Editors f: +44 (0)20 7404 8843 Ahmadjan Abduriyim, Tokyo, Japan; Raquel Alonso-Perez, Harvard University, Cambridge, e: [email protected] Massachusetts, USA; Edward Boehm, RareSource, Chattanooga, Tennessee, USA; Maggie w: www.gem-a.com Campbell Pedersen, Organic Gems, London; Alan T. Collins, King’s College London; John L. Emmett, Crystal Chemistry, Brush Prairie, Washington, USA; Emmanuel Fritsch, University Registered Charity No. 1109555 of Nantes, France; Rui Galopim de Carvalho, Portugal Gemas, Lisbon, Portugal; Lee A company limited by guarantee and A. Groat, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; Thomas Hainschwang, registered in England No. 1945780 GGTL Laboratories, Balzers, Liechtenstein; Henry A. Hänni, GemExpert, Basel, Switzerland; Registered office: Palladium House, Jeff W. Harris, University of Glasgow; Alan D. Hart, Gem-A, London; Ulrich Henn, German 1–4 Argyll Street, London W1F 7LD Gemmological Association, Idar-Oberstein; Jaroslav Hyršl, Prague, Czech Republic; Brian Jackson, National Museums Scotland, Edinburgh; Stefanos Karampelas, Basel, Switzerland; Lore Kiefert, Gübelin Gem Lab Ltd., Lucerne, Switzerland; Hiroshi Kitawaki, Central Gem Laboratory, Tokyo, Japan; Michael S. Krzemnicki, Swiss Gemmological Institute SSEF, Basel; Shane F. McClure, Gemological Institute of America, Carlsbad, California; Jack M. Ogden, President Striptwist Ltd., London; Federico Pezzotta, Natural History Museum of Milan, Italy; Jeffrey Maggie Campbell Pedersen E. Post, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, USA; Andrew H. Rankin, Kingston University, Surrey; Benjamin Rondeau, University of Nantes, France; George R. Rossman, California Vice Presidents Institute of Technology, Pasadena, USA; Karl Schmetzer, Petershausen, Germany; Dietmar David J. Callaghan Schwarz, Federated International GemLab, Bangkok, Thailand; Menahem Sevdermish, Alan T. Collins Gemewizard Ltd., Ramat Gan, Israel; Guanghai Shi, China University of Geosciences, Noel W. Deeks Beijing; James E. Shigley, Gemological Institute of America, Carlsbad, California; Christopher P. Smith, American Gemological Laboratories Inc., New York, New York; Evelyne Stern, E. Alan Jobbins London; Elisabeth Strack, Gemmologisches Institut Hamburg, Germany; Tay Thye Sun, Far Andrew H. Rankin East Gemological Laboratory, Singapore; Pornsawat Wathanakul, Gem and Jewelry Institute of Thailand, Bangkok; Chris M. Welbourn, Reading, Berkshire; Bert Willems, Leica Microsystems, Honorary Fellows Wetzlar, Germany; Bear Williams, Stone Group Laboratories LLC, Jefferson City, Missouri, USA; Gaetano Cavalieri J.C. (Hanco) Zwaan, National Museum of Natural History ‘Naturalis’, Leiden, The Netherlands. Terrence S. Coldham Emmanuel Fritsch Content Submission The Editor-in-Chief is glad to consider original articles, news items, conference/excursion Honorary Diamond Member reports, announcements and calendar entries on subjects of gemmological interest for Martin Rapaport publication in The Journal of Gemmology. A guide to the various sections and the preparation of manuscripts is given at www.gem-a.com/index.php/news-publications/publications/ Chief Executive Officer journal-of-gemmology/submissions, or contact the Production Editor. Alan D. Hart Subscriptions Council Gem-A members receive The Journal as part of their membership package, full details Justine L. Carmody – Chair of which are given at www.gem-a.com/membership. Laboratories, libraries, museums and Kathryn L. Bonanno similar institutions may become direct subscribers to The Journal. Paul F. Greer Advertising Kerry H. Gregory Enquiries about advertising in The Journal should be directed to the Marketing Consultant. J. Alan W. Hodgkinson For more information, see www.gem-a.com/index.php/news-publications/publications/ Nigel B. Israel journal-of-gemmology/advertising. Jack M. Ogden Richard M. Slater Database Coverage Christopher P. Smith The Journal of Gemmology is covered by the following abstracting and indexing services: Australian Research Council academic journal list, British Library Document Supply Branch Chairmen Service, Chemical Abstracts (CA Plus), Copyright Clearance Center’s RightFind ap- Midlands – Georgina E. Kettle plication, CrossRef, EBSCO (Academic Search International, Discovery Service and North East – Mark W. Houghton TOC Premier), Gale/Cengage Learning Academic OneFile, GeoRef, Index Copernicus South East – Veronica Wetten ICI Journals Master List, Mineralogical Abstracts, Cambridge Scientific Abstracts (ProQuest), South West – Richard M. Slater Scopus and the Thomson Reuters’ Emerging Sources Citation Index (in the Web of Science). Copyright and Reprint Permission For full details of copyright and reprint permission contact the Editor-in-Chief. The Journal of Gemmology is published quarterly by Gem-A, The Gemmological Association of Great Britain. Any opinions expressed in The Journal are understood to be the views of the contributors and not necessarily of the publisher. Printed by DG3 (Europe) Ltd. © 2017 The Gemmological Association of Great Britain Understanding Gems ™ ISSN: 1355-4565 Cert no. TT-COC-002454 ii The Journal of Gemmology, 35(6), 2017 Editorial Research Tools at Your Fingertips The core foundations of the Gemmological Asso- While The Journal’s archive is clearly a valu- ciation of Great Britain are gemmological knowl- able storehouse of gemmological information, edge and education, which are furthered through how do you go about finding what you are look- Gem-A’s courses, publications, website and annu- ing for? The answer lies in The Journal’s cumu- al conference, as well as by the tools and books lative index, which also can be downloaded as that are available through the Association’s instru- a PDF file fromThe Journal’s website. This in- ments division. Gem-A’s leadership role in dis- dex was recently updated to include all issues seminating high-quality gemmological knowledge through 2016, and it is our intention to continue is exemplified by its flagship scholarly publication, to update it annually, so separate volume indexes The Journal of Gemmology, which has published will no longer be prepared. The index can be ground-breaking technical articles from research- searched for any keyword or author that you are ers worldwide since its inception in 1947. looking for, and the combination of this resource I am pleased to announce that as of April 2017, with access to the
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