Environmental Impact Assessment for Proposed Expansion of Odisha Waste Management Project at Kanchichuan (V), Sukinda (T), Jajpur (D), Odisha
(Final Report)
Submitted by Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP)
Consultant Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited
January 2019
Environmental Impact Assessment for Proposed Expansion of Odisha Waste Management Project at Kanchichuan (V), Sukinda (T), Jajpur (D), Odisha
Final Report
Submitted To Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate Change Indira Paryavaran Bhawan, Jor Bagh Road, New Delhi - 110003
Submitted by Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) Plot No: 420/648/1, Kanchichuan Village, Jajpur District, Odisha.
Consultant Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited Ramky Grandiose, Gachibowli, Hyderabad (NABET Certificate No: NABET/EIA/1518/SA 061) January 2019
TABLE OF CONTENTS
EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha
Table of Contents QCI/NABET Certificate Declaration of Experts Terms of Reference (TOR) TOR Compliance
Chapter No. Title Page No. Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Introduction 1.1 1.2 Purpose of Report 1.2 1.3 Identification of Project and Project Proponent 1.3 1.3.1 Project 1.3 1.3.2 Project Proponent 1.4 1.3.3 Ramky Group Waste Management Division 1.4 1.4 Brief description of nature, size, location of the project and its importance 1.6 to the country and region 1.4.1 Importance of the Project 1.8 1.5 Scope of the Study 1.11 1.5.1 EIA Report 1.15 Chapter 2 Project Description 2.1 Type of the project 2.1 2.2 Need for the Project 2.2 2.2.1 Justification of the Project 2.3 2.3 Location of the Project 2.3 2.3.1 Capacities of the proposed project 2.8 2.4 Size of Operation and its Associated Activities 2.9 2.4.1 Required Manpower 2.10 2.4.2 Water Requirement 2.10 2.4.3 Power and Fuel Requirement 2.11 2.5 Process Description of Hazardous Wastes 2.11 2.5.1 Laboratory Facilities 2.14 2.5.2 Collection and Transportation 2.14
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EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha
2.5.3 Storages 2.15 2.5.4 Waste Disposal Operations 2.16 2.5.5 Incinerator 2.23 2.6 Bio Medical Waste 2.25 2.6.1 Categoroes of Bio Medical Waste as per BMW rules 2.26 2.6.2 Collection and Transportation 2.31 2.6.3 Disinfection and Destruction 2.31 2.6.4 Incinerator 2.31 2.6.5 Autoclave 2.31 2.6.6 Other Infrastructure 2.33 2.7 E waste Handling 2.33 2.7.1 Methodology 2.34 2.7.2 Process Description 2.34 2.8 Recycling Facilities 2.37 2.8.1 Spent Solvent Recycling 2.37 2.8.2 Used Oil Recycling 2.39 2.8.3 Alternative Fuel and Raw Material Facility 2.40 2.8.4 Used Lead Acid Battery Recycling 2.42 2.8.5 Waste Plastic Reccycling 2.44 2.8.6 Waste Paper Recycling 2.45 Chapter 3 Description of Environment 3.1 Introduction 3.1 3.2 Micrometeorology 3.2 3.3 Ambient Air Quality 3.5 3.3.1 Air Quality Scenario in the Study Area 3.9 3.4 Water Quality 3.13 3.4.1 Water Quality Assessment 3.13 3.4.2 Regional Scenario 3.19 3.5 Noise Environment 3.20 3.5.1 Source of Noise 3.21 3.5.2 Noise Levels in the Study Area 3.21 3.6 Traffic Study 3.26
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EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha
3.7 Soil Quality 3.27 3.7.1 Criteria Adopted for Selection of Sampling Locations 3.27 3.7.2 Soil Sampling Locations 3.28 3.7.3 Regional Scenerio 3.31 3.8 Biological Environment 3.33 3.8.1 Introduction 3.33 3.9 Land Use/ Land Cover Details 3.42 3.10 Demography and Socio-Economics (secondary data description) 3.47 3.10.1 Methodology Adopted for the Study 3.47 3.10.2 Demographic Aspects 3.48 3.10.3 Social Structure 3.49 3.10.4 Literacy Levels 3.50 3.10.5 Occupational Structure 3.50 3.10.6 Dependancy Ratio 3.52 3.10.7 Primary Observations in the core zone 3.52 Chapter 4 Anticipated Environemental Impacts and their Mitigation Measures 4.1 Identification of Impacts 4.1 4.2 Methodology 4.1 4.3 Potential Impacts 4.1 4.4 Impacts during Construction phase 4.2 4.4.1 Impact on Air Quality 4.3 4.4.2 Impact on Water Quality 4.4 4.4.3 Impact of Noise Levels 4.5 4.4.4 Impact Due to Solid Waste Generation 4.6 4.4.5 Impact on Land Environment 4.8 4.4.6 Socio-Economics 4.8 4.4.7 Ecology 4.9 4.5 Impacts during Operation Phase 4.9 4.5.1 Prediction of Impacts on the Air Environment 4.9 4.6 Impact on Water Quality 4.19 4.6.1 Leachate Collection/ Treatment and Disposal 4.20 4.6.2 Leachate Treatment Plant 4.21
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EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha
4.6.3 Effluent Treatment Plant 4.22 4.6.4 Water Impacts Mitigation Measures 4.23 4.6.5 Rain Water Harvesting and Strom Water Management 4.23 4.7 Noise Environment 4.24 4.7.1 Noise mitigation measures 4.24 4.8 Prediction of Impacts on Land Environment 4.24 4.9 Predicted Impacts of the Landfill 4.25 4.10 Impacts on the Community 4.25 4.11 Impact on Ecology 4.26 4.12 Impact on Socio Economic 4.26 4.13 Odor Management 4.26 Chapter 5 Analysis of Alternative Site & Technology 5.1 Introduction 5.1 5.1.1 Site selection 5.1 5.2 Technological aspects 5.3 5.2.1 Waste minimization 5.3 5.2.2 Recycling wastes 5.4 5.2.3 Treatment of waste 5.5 5.2.4 Collection, transportation and disposal 5.7 5.3 Disposal of hazardous waste 5.8 5.3.1 Landfill disposal 5.8 5.3.2 Incineration 5.9 5.3.3 Underground disposal 5.10 5.4 No project option 5.11 Chapter 6 Environmental Monitoring Program 6.1 Environmental Monitoring Program 6.1 6.2 Construction Phase 6.1 6.3 Operation Phase 6.4 6.4 Post Operational Phase 6.6 6.5 Environmental Laboratory Equipment 6.7 6.5.1 Environmental Management Cell 6.8 6.6 Pollution Monitoring Facilities 6.9
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EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha
6.6.1 Reporting Schedules of the Monitoring Data 6.9 6.6.2 Public Health Monitoring 6.9 6.6.3 Budgetary Provision for EMP 6.10 Chapter 7 Additional Studies 7.1 Risk Assessment & Disaster Management Plan 7.1 7.1.1 Risk Analysis 7.1 7.1.2 Evaluating Hazards 7.2 7.2 Identification of Major Hazard Installations 7.2 7.2.1 Identification of Toxic, Flammable, Explosive Chemicals 7.2 7.2.2 Applicability of Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous 7.4 Chemicals Rules 7.2.3 Storage facilities of hazardous chemicals 7.5 7.2.4 Nature of Possible Hazards 7.5 7.2.5 Maximum credible accident analysis for diesel storage area 7.5 7.3 On-Site Emergency Plan 7.12 7.3.1 Elements of Planning 7.12 7.4 Off-site Emergency Plan 7.13 7.5 Infrastructure 7.16 7.6 Operational Systems During Emergency 7.17 7.6.1 Communication System 7.17 7.6.2 Warning System & Control 7.17 7.6.3 Mutual Aid 7.18 7.7 Disaster Management Plan 7.18 7.7.1 Cyclone leading to land fill flood 7.20 7.7.2 Major explosion of chemicals / fire and toxic gas release in landfill or 7.21 Stores 7.7.3 Contamination of soil and water sources due to leakage of 7.25 contaminants 7.7.4 Release of toxic gases from incinerator 7.26 7.8 Hazard control measures 7.27 7.8.1 Fire 7.27 7.8.2 Natural disasters 7.28 7.8.3 Electrical accidents 7.30
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EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha
7.9 Full Mock Drill Monitoring 7.34 7.9.1 Steps of Mock Drills 7.34 7.10 Natural Disasters 7.35 7.11 Occupational Health and Safety Program for the Project 7.36 7.12 Geo-Hydrological Studies 7.37 Chapter 8 Project Benefits 8.1 Introduction 8.1 8.2 Benefits of hazardous waste management 8.1 8.3 Benefits of e waste recycling 8.2 8.3.1 Materials recovered from e waste 8.2 8.4 Benefits from bio medical waste treatment facility 8.3 8.5 Benefits of landfill 8.3 8.6 Benefits from recycling facilities 8.3 8.6.1 Lead recycling 8.3 8.6.2 Used oil recycling 8.4 8.6.3 Spent solvent recycling 8.5 8.6.4 Benefits of alternate fuel raw material facility 8.5 8.6.5 Waste plastic recycling 8.6 8.6.6 Waste paper recycling 8.6 8.7 Improvements in the physical infrastructure 8.7 8.8 Improvements in the social infrastructure 8.7 8.9 Employment potential 8.8 8.10 Other tangible benefits 8.8 8.11 SWOT Analysis 8.9 8.11.1 Materials and methods 8.10 8.11.2 Landfill site condition 8.11 8.11.3 Strategies derived from the SWOT profile of the landfill 8.12 8.12 Conclusion 8.12 Chapter 9 Environmental Management Plan 9.1 Introduction 9.1 9.2 Environmental Management during Construction 9.1 9.2.1 Air Quality Mitigation Measure 9.1
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EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha
9.2.2 Water Quality Mitigation Measure 9.2 9.2.3 Noise Mitigation Measures 9.3 9.2.4 Solid Waste Mitigation Measures 9.3 9.2.5 Ecological Aspects 9.4 9.2.6 Site Security 9.5 9.3 Management during Operation Stage 9.6 9.3.1 Air Quality Management 9.7 9.3.2 Odor Control 9.7 9.3.3 Gas Management 9.8 9.3.4 Water Quality Mitigation Measures 9.8 9.3.5 Noise Mitigation Measures 9.9 9.3.6 Solid Waste Mitigation Measures 9.10 9.4 Post Operation of Landfill 9.12 9.5 Socio Economic Development Activities under CEP 9.12 9.6 Occupational Health Management 9.15 9.7 Fire Protection System 9.15 9.8 Environmental Management Cell 9.15 9.8.1 Record Keeping and Reporting 9.16 9.9 E-Waste Management and Handling Rules 2016 9.17 9.10 Action Plan for Complying Performance Evaluation & Monitoring of TSDF 9.18 9.11 Compliance of Hazardous Waste Rules 2016 9.19 Chapter 10 Summary and Conclusion 10.1 Introduction 10.1 10.2 Project Capacity Details 10.1 10.3 Project Importance 10.2 10.4 Land Details 10.3 10.5 Water Requirement 10.3 10.6 Power and Fuel Requirement 10.4 10.7 Required Manpower 10.5 10.8 Baseline Environmental Status 10.5 10.9 Anticipated Impacts 10.8 10.10 Environmental Monitoring Plan 10.9
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EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha
10.11 Risk Analysis 10.11 10.12 Project Benefits 10.11 10.13 Environmental Management Plan 10.12 10.14 Project Cost Estimate and Means of Finance 10.13 10.15 Cost Estimate of the Project 10.14 Chapter 11 Disclosure of Consultants 11.1 About the group 11.1 11.2 About the accredited consultant organisation 11.1 11.2.1 Consultancy services 11.1 11.2.2 Laboratory services 11.2 11.2.3 Training services 11.2 11.2.4 Field services 11.3 11.2.5 Treatment plant services 11.3 11.2.6 Solid waste management services 11.3 List of Tables
Table No. Title Page No. 1.1 Details of proposed treatment facilities with capacities 1.4 1.2 Features of the proposed project site 1.7 1.3 Chronology of Events for Obtaining EC 1.15 2.1 Salient Features of the project 2.1 2.2 Proposed Project Capacities 2.8 2.3 List of proposed common facilities 2.9 2.4 Land area breakup 2.10 2.5 Manpower requirement details 2.10 2.6 Water requirement 2.11 2.7 Power and fuel requirement 2.11 2.8 Stabilization mechanism based on waste characteristics 2.17 2.9 Categories of biomedical waste with treatment and disposal options 2.27 3.1 Observed meteorological data 3.3 3.2 IMD data of Cuttack (1981-2010) 3.3 3.3 Season (Dec 2016 to Feb 2017) frequency distribution table 3.4 3.4 Ambient Air Quality monitoring locations 3.6 3.5 Particulate Matter levels in the study area (µg/m3) 3.6 3.6 Ambient Air Quality in the study area (µg/m3) 3.7
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EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha
3.7 Ambient Air Quality in the study area (µg/m3) 3.7 3.8 Water sampling locations 3.14 3.9 Water sample analysis results – Groundwater 3.17 3.10 Surface water sample analysis result 3.18 3.11 Noise monitoring locations 3.22 3.12 Noise levels in the study area – dB (A) 3.24 3.13 Traffic survey at site road 3.26 3.14 Soil sampling locations 3.28 3.15 Soil analysis results 3.30 3.16 List of flora in the study area 3.36 3.17 List of aquatic macrophytes found in the study area 3.38 3.18 List of fauna in the study area 3.39 3.19 Land utilization pattern of the study area 3.43 3.20 Distribution of population in the study area 3.48 3.21 Distribution of population by social structure 3.49 3.22 Distribution of literate and literacy rates 3.50 3.23 Occupational structure 3.51 3.24 Demographic details in the study area of 10 Kms radius 3.56 3.25 Occupational structure and employment scenario in the project area 3.62 villages 4.1 Stack emissions details 4.11 4.2 Stack emissions details 4.12 4.3 24 Hours mean meteorological data for winter season (Dec-16 to Feb-17) 4.12 4.4 Post Project Scenario (µg/m3) 4.13 4.5 Wastewater Generation Details 4.19 5.1 Location criteria for the proposed project 5.2 6.1 Environmental Measures during Construction 6.2 6.2 Environmental Monitoring during Operational Phase 6.5 6.3 Environmental Monitoring during Post Operation phase 6.7 6.4 Equipment Needed for Environmental Monitoring 6.8 6.5 Budget of implementation of Environmental Management Plan 6.10 7.1 Description of applicable provisions of GoI rules 7.4 7.2 Details of Chemicals and Applicability of GoI rules 7.5 7.3 Hazardous Chemicals at Site 7.6 7.4 Effect of heat radiation 7.8 7.5 Heat radiation and fatality 7.9 7.6 Scenario (pool fire) 7.9 7.7 First aid for burns 7.34
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EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha
7.8 Sukinda Block Groundwater resources potential of Jajpur District 7.43 7.9 Details of wells inventoried within 3.5 km radius around proposed Integrated 7.45 TSDF Site 7.10 Parameters analyzing in Monitoring Wells 7.47 9.1 Mitigation measures during construction 9.5 9.2 Wastewater generation details 9.9 9.3 Mitigation measure proposed during operation period 9.10 9.4 Mitigation measure proposed during post operation period 9.12 9.5 Budget for CSR activities 9.14 9.6 Record keeping particulars 9.16 9.7 Compliance E waste Management & Handling Rules 9.17 9.8 Action plan for monitoring TSDF 9.18 9.9 Compliance of Hazardous Waste Rules 9.19 10.1 Details of proposed treatment facilities with capacities 10.2 10.2 Land Area Breakup 10.3 10.3 Water requirement 10.4 10.4 Power and Fuel Requirement 10.4 10.5 Manpower requirement details 10.5 10.6 Ambient Air Quality Results (µg/m3) 10.5 10.7 Summary of Ground Water Analysis 10.6 10.8 Summary of Surface Water Analysis 10.7 10.9 Noise Levels – dB (A) 10.7 10.10 Soil Quality in Study Area 10.8 10.11 Post Project Scenario (µg/m3) 10.9 10.12 Environmental Monitoring during Operational Phase 10.9 10.13 Mitigation Measure proposed during Operation Period 10.12 10.14 Cost Estimate of the Project 10.14 List of Figures
Figure No. Title Page No. 1.1 Location map of the site 1.9 1.2 Topographical map of the study area 1.10 1.3 Google image of proposed project site 1.11 2.1 Google image of proposed project site with 2 Km radius 2.4 2.2 Topographical map (10 km radius) 2.5 2.3 Layout map of proposed ICHWTSDF 2.6 2.4 Site photographs 2.7
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EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha
2.5 Cross section of the landfill 2.20 2.6 Typical layout of incinerator 2.25 2.7 Layout of autoclave sterilization process 2.32 2.8 E-waste treatment process flow chart 2.36 2.9 Flow chart of spent solvent recovery 2.38 2.10 Waste/ used oil recycling plant 2.40 2.11 Alternative Fuel and Raw material Facility (AFRF) 2.42 2.12 Used lead acid battery recycling 2.43 2.13 Process flow chart of plastic recycling 2.45 3.1 Wind Rose Diagram – Winter season (Dec 2016 – Feb 2017) 3.4 3.2 Ambient Air Quality sampling location map 3.8 3.3 Groundwater sampling locations map 3.15 3.4 Surface water sampling locations map 3.16 3.5 Noise sampling locations map 3.23 3.6 Soil sampling locations map 3.29 3.7 Sensitivity map of proposed site 3.42 3.8 Satellite imagery of 10 km radius of study area 3.45 3.9 Land Use/land cover map of the study area up to 10 km radius 3.46 3.10 Baseline Study Photographs 3.69 4.1 Predicted GLCs of PM (µg/m3) 4.14 3 4.2 Predicted GLCs of SO2 (µg/m ) 4.15 4.3 Predicted GLCs of NOx (µg/m3) 4.16 4.4 Predicted GLCs of Pb (µg/m3) 4.17 4.5 Water Balance Flow chart 4.20 4.6 Leachate Treatment Plant 4.22 4.7 Effluent Treatment Plant 4.22 6.1 Organization setup of environmental management 6.9 7.1 Thermal Radiation Threat Zone 7.10 7.2 Risk Contours with pool fire threat zone 7.11 7.3 2 km radius contour map of proposed TSDF site 7.38 7.4 Natural drainage network map up to 5 Km radius of proposed TSDF site 7.39 7.5 Geomorphological map of 3.5 km radius around proposed 7.41 7.6 Surface Geology map of 3.5 km radius around proposed project site 7.42 7.7 Location Map of Wells Inventoried within 3.5km radius around proposed 7.46 Site 8.1 SWOT analysis 8.10
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Ltd., (1) Mr. Bhagavathi Hari Babu Regd. Office and Central Laboratory (2) Mr. A.V. Hanumantha 3.01.2014 Plot No. 7-2-C7 & 8/4, Industrial Rao to Estate Near Agromech Industries (3) Mr. V. Raghavacharyulu 2.01. 2019 Santhnagar, Hyderabad - 500018 (Andhra Pradesh) 46 M/s Cosmo Conscious Research Laboratory" (1) Mr. G. Dhavaleshwar SURVEY HOUSE" # 121, 2nd Cross, Nehru (2) Smt. V. Swarnalatha 3.01.2014 Colony, Bellary - 583103 (Karnataka) (3) Mr. K. Somasekhar Rao to 2.01. 2019 55 M/s Anacon Laboratories Pvt. Ltd., FP-34, 35 (1) Dr. (Ms.) Sugandha D. Food Park, 5 Star Industrial Estate, Butibori, Garway 3.01.2014 Nagpur - 441122 (Maharashtra) (2) Ms. Kavita Saygaonkar to (3) Mr. Yogesh Dhoke 2.01.2019 57 M/s. Ramky Enviro Engineers Ltd. Hyderabad (1) Mr.V. Vijay Kumar Waste Management Project, Survey No.684/1, (2) Mr.Madan Kumar D. Tiwari 3.01.2014 Dundigal (V), Qutabullapur (M) Rangareedy (3) Mr. K. Venkateswara Rao to District – 500 043 (Andhra Pradesh) 2.01.2019”; 58 M/s. International Testing Centre, Plot No. 86, (1) Dr. Prakash kaur Industrial Area Phase-1, Panchkula-134109 (2) Mr. Prem Kumar 3.01.2014 (Haryana) (3) Ms. Poonam Sharma to 2.01.2019 61 M/s Mitra S.K. Private Ltd., (Behala (1) Mr. Sudip Mukhuty Laboratory) , 620, Diamond Harbour Road, (2) Ms. Sutapa Bhowmik 3.01.2014 4 THE GAZETTE OF INDIA : EXTRAORDINARY [P ART II—SEC . 3(ii)] Behala Industrial Estate, Tool Room No. 2/3, (3) Ms. Mousumi Sengupta to 2/4 & 2/5, Kolkata – 700034 2.01. 2019 (West Bengal) 65 M/s Envirodesigns Eco Labs (1) Mr. K.L. Antony 3.01.2014 Eco Tower, Janatha Jn. Palarivattom, Kochi – (2) Ms. Susan Abraham to 682025 Kerala (3) Ms. Simi K.K. 2.01. 2019 68 M/s Scientific Research Laboratory (1) Dr. Jyotirmoy Majumdar "SHYAMALI APARTMENT" 90, Lake East (2) Shri Kalyan Ghosh 3.01.2014 4th Road 'Santoshpur, Kolkata - 700075 (3) Ms. Purba Mukherjee to (West Bengal) 2.01. 2019 69 M/s Sadekar Enviro Engineers Pvt. Ltd., B- (1) Mr. Vishal Basawanni Sannakki 306/307, Plot No.61, Patel Estate, Reis Magos, (2) Mr. Vinayak Gangaram Kudkar 3.01.2014 verem, Alto, Old Betim Road, Bardez, (3) Ms. Swati Vaibhav More to Porvorim, Panaji – 403101 (Goa) 2.01.2019 (b) after serial number 113 and the entries relating thereto, the following serial numbers and entries shall be inserted, namely :— (1) (2) (3) (4) “114 M/s Ecomen Laboratories Pvt. Ltd., Flat No. 8, (1) Ms. Reena Tripathi 2nd Floor, Arif Chamber - V, Sector - H, Aliganj, (2) Dr. Om Prakash Shukla 3.01.2014 Lucknow - 226024 (Uttar Pradesh) (3) Mr.Praveen Kumar Dubey to 2.01.2019 115 M/s Team Labs and Consultants (1) Mr. Ambati Ravi Pavankumar B-115 & 509, Annapurna Block (2) Mr. S. Ramesh 3.01.2014 Aditya Enclave, Ameerpet (3) Mr. T. Ravi Kiran to Hyderabad – 500038 Andhra Pradesh 2.01. 2019 116 M/s TUV SUD South Asia Pvt. Ltd., C-153/1, (1) Mr. Pramod Kumar 3.01.2014 Okhla Industrial Estate, Phase-1, New Delhi - (2) Mr. Ajay Kumar Pramanik to 110020 (3) Mr. Vijayanand 2.01. 2019"; [ F. No. Q.15018/23/2013-CPW ] Dr. RASHID HASAN, Advisor Note.- The principal notification was published in the Gazette of India, Extraordinary vide number S.O. 1174 (E), dated the 18th July, 2007 and subsequently amended vide notification numbers S.O. 1539 (E), dated the 13th September, 2007, S.O.1811(E), dated the 24th October, 2007, S.O.55(E), dated 9th January, 2008, S.O.428(E), dated the 4th March, 2008, S.O.865(E) dated the 11th April, 2008, S.O.1894(E), dated the 31st July, 2008, S.O.2728(E) dated the 25th November, 2008, S.O.1356(E), dated the 27th May, 2009, S.O.1802(E), dated the 22nd July, 2009, S.O.2399(E), dated the 18th September, 2009, S.O. 3122(E), dated the 7th December, 2009, S.O. 3123(E), dated the 7th December, 2009, S.O.No.142(E), dated the 21st January, 2010, S.O.619(E), dated the 19th March, 2010, S.O.1662(E) dated the 13rd July, 2010, S.O.2390(E), dated the 30th September, 2010, S.O.2904(E), dated the 8th December, 2010, S.O.181(E), dated the 28th January, 2011, S.O. 692(E), dated the 5th April, 2011, S.O.1537(E), dated the 6th July, 2011, S.O.1754(E), dated the 28th July, 2011. S.O.2609 (E) dated the 22nd November, 2011, S.O.264 (E), dated the 13 February, 2012, S.O.1150(E), dated the 22nd May, 2012, S.O.2039(E), dated the 5th September, 2012, S.O. 2802(E) dated the 27th November, 2012, S.O. 2850(E), dated the 7th December, 2012, S.O. 592 (E), dated the 8th March, 2013, S.O.945(E), dated the 8th April, 2013,S.O.2287(E), dated the 27th July, 2013, S.O.2288(E), dated the 27th July, 2013 and S.O.3489(E) dated the 26th November, 2013. Printed by the Manager, Government of India Press, Ring Road, Mayapuri, New Delhi-110064 and Published by the Controller of Publications, Delhi-110054 UNDERTAKING FROM PROJECT PROPONENT Declaration of Experts Terms of Reference (TOR) F. No. 10-10/2009-IA-111(pt.) Government of India Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (IA.III Section) Indira Paryavaran Bhawan, Jor Bagh Road, New Delhi - 3 Date: 12th September, 2017 To, M/s Ramky Enviro Engineers Ltd, 13th Floor Ramky Grandiose, Ramky Tower Complex, Gachibowli Hyderabad - 500032 (Telangana) E-mail: sksaniivramky.com Subject: Proposed expansion of Odisha Waste Management Project (Division of Ramky Enviro Engineers Ltd) at Plot No. 420 / 648 / 1 under Khata no. 61, Village - Kanchichuan, Tehsil - Sukinda, District - Jajpur, Odisha by M/s Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited - Terms of Reference - reg. Sir, This has reference to your proposal No. IA/OR/MIS/65626/2017 dated 12th June 2017, submitted the above proposal to this Ministry for seeking Terms of Reference (ToR) in terms of the provisions of the Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) Notification, 2006 under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986. 2. The proposal for grant of Terms of Reference (ToR) to the project 'Proposed expansion of Odisha Waste Management Project (Division of Ramky Enviro Engineers Ltd) at Plot No. 420 / 648 / 1 under Khata no. 61, Village - Kanchichuan, Tehsil - Sukinda, District - Jajpur, Odisha by M/s Ramky Enviro Engineers Ltd, was considered by the Expert Appraisal Committee (Infra-2) in its 21st meeting held on 21-24 August, 2017. 3. The details of the project, as per the documents submitted by the project proponent, and also as informed during the above said meeting, are under:- (i) Odisha Waste Management Project (a Division of Ramky Enviro Engineers Ltd) is proposing for expansion of Existing Common Hazardous Waste Treatment Storage and Disposal Facility (CHWTSDF) to Integrated Common Hazardous Waste Treatment Storage and Disposal Facility (ICHWTSDF). Proposed project activities consists of collection, transportation, treatment, storage, re-use, recycle, blending and disposal of industrial hazardous wastes, bio-medical waste, spent solvent recycling, used oil recycling, alternate fuel & raw material facility (AFRF), lead recycling, paper recycling, plastic recycling, e-waste management facility. (ii) The proposed project falls in Project Activity 7(d) - Common hazardous waste treatment, storage and disposal facilities (TSDFs). The proposed project falls in Category 'A', All Integrated facilities having incineration & landfill or Incineration alone. (iii) The existing facility located at Plot no 410/648/1 under Khata no 61, Kanchichuan village, Sukinda Tehsil, Jajpur District, Odisha, with land area of 70. The total power required for the proposed project is 1000 kVA will be taken from North Eastern Electricity Supply Company of Odisha Limited Proposal No IA/OR/MIS/65626/2017 Page 1 of 5 (NESCO). The total water required is 170 KLD will be met through Ground Water Source/Tankers. Green belt development is taken up 5m wide (3 rows of different height) along boundary and open areas/closed dump site with 33% of land area and proper treatment provided to leachate to restrict odor problem. (iv) Existing TSDF facility have current capacity of 75,000 TPA, proposed capacity of secured landfill (DLF)-82 TPD, stabilization (LAT) - 411 TPD, incineration (INC) — 27 TPD (common for hazardous waste & bio medical waste) bio- medical waste- 12.5 TPD, alternative fuel and raw material 55 TPD, e-waste- 82 TPD, used oil recycling - 54 KLD, spent solvent recycling - 27 KLD, lead recycling - 65 TPD, paper recycling - 10 TPD , plastic recycling- 10 TPD facilities are proposed. (v) The total cost of the project after expansion including infrastructure setup is Rs. 150 Crores. (vi) The total water required is 170KLD will be met through Ground Water / Tankers. Employment Potential: The project is going to create some employment. Due to this project activity, some persons in the project area will be recruited as skilled and semi-skilled workers by the company as per its policy. Therefore, some employment and income are likely to be generated for the local people. So, the project will contribute in a positive manner towards direct employment in the project area. (viii) Benefits of the Project. The Facility will bridge the yawning gap in the demand and availability of hazardous waste management facilities in the state of Odisha. 4. The EAC, in its meeting held on 21-24 August, 2017, after detailed deliberations, recommended the project for grant of ToR as specified by the Ministry as Standard ToR in April, 2015 for the said project/activity (Annexure-I) and the following ToR in addition to Standard ToR for preparation of EIA-EMP report. As per the recommendation of the EAC, the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change hereby accords ToR to the project 'Proposed expansion of Odisha Waste Management Project (Division of Ramky Enviro Engineers Ltd) at Plot No. 420 / 648 / 1 under Khata no. 61, Village - Kanchichuan, Tehsil - Sukinda, District - Jajpur, Odisha by M/s Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited, for preparation of the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Report and Environmental Management Plan (EMP) with the following additional conditions: (i) Importance and benefits of the project. (ii) To carry out a sensitivity analysis of alternative sites as per the "Guidelines for conducting Environmental Impact Assessment: site selection for common Hazardous waste management facility published by the CPCB in 2003." (iii) Project proponents would also submit a write up on how their project proposals conform to the stipulations made in the "Protocol for Performance evolution and monitoring of the Common Hazardous Waste Treatment Storage and Disposal facilities including common Hazardous Waste incinerators", published by the CPCB on May 24, 2010. Proposal No IA/OR/MIS/65626/2017 Page 2 of 5 (iv) Status of compliance to the provisions of the Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016. (v) Compliance to the conditions of the consent to operate and authorization for the existing facilities. (vi) A separate chapter on status of compliance of Environmental Conditions granted by State/Centre to be provided. As per circular dated 30th May, 2012 issued by MoEF&CC, a certified report by RO, MoEF&CC on status of compliance of conditions on existing EC to be provided in EIA-EMP report. (vii) Details of various waste management units with capacities for the proposed project. (viii) List of waste to be handled and their source along with mode of transportation. (ix) Other chemicals and materials required with quantities and storage capacities. (x) Details of temporary storage facility for storage of hazardous waste at project site. (xi) Details of pre-treatment facility of hazardous waste at TSDF. (xii) Details of air emissions, effluents, hazardous/solid waste generation and their management. (xiii) Requirement of water, power, with source of supply, status of approval, water balance diagram, man-power requirement (regular and contract). (xiv) Process description along with major equipments and machineries, process flow sheet (quantative) from waste material to disposal to be provided. (xv) Hazard identification and details of proposed safety systems. (xvi) Layout maps of proposed Solid Waste Management Facilities indicating storage area, plant area, greenbelt area, utilities etc. (xvii) Details of Drainage of the project up to 5 km radius of study area. If the site is within 1 km radius of any major river, peak and lean season river discharge as well as flood occurrence frequency based on peak rainfall data of the past 30 years. Details of Flood Level of the project site and maximum Flood Level of the river shall also be provided. (xviii) Ground water quality monitoring in and around the project site. (xix) Status of the land purchases in terms of land acquisition Act and study the impact. (xx) Status of acquisition of land. If acquisition is not complete, stage of the acquisition process and expected time of complete possession of the land. (xxi) R&R details in respect of land in line with state Government policy. (xxii) Details of effluent treatment and recycling process. (xxiii) Leachate study report and detailed leachate management plan to be incorporated. (xxiv) Action plan for measures to be taken for excessive leachate generation during monsoon period. Proposal No INOR/MIS/65626/2017 Page 3 of 5 (xxv) Action plan for any pollution of ground water is noticed during operation period or post closure monitoring period. (xxvi) Detailed Environmental Monitoring Plan as well as Post Closure Monitoring Plan. (xxvii) Public hearing to be conducted and issues raised and commitments made by the project proponent on the same should be included in EIA/EMP Report in the form of tabular chart with financial budget for complying with the commitments made. (xxviii)Any litigation pending against the project and/or any direction/order passed by any Court of Law against the project, if so, details thereof shall also be included. Has the unit received any notice under the Section 5 of Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 or relevant Sections of Air and VVater Acts? If so, details thereof and compliance/ATR to the notice(s) and present status of the case. (xxix) A tabular chart with index for point wise compliance of above ToR. General Guidelines (i) The EIA document shall be printed on both sides, as for as possible. (ii) All documents should be properly indexed, page numbered. (iii) Period/date of data collection should be clearly indicated. (iv) Authenticated English translation of all material provided in Regional languages. (v) The letter/application for EC should quote the MoEF&CC File No. and also attach a copy of the letter prescribing the ToR. (vi) The copy of the letter received from the Ministry on the ToR prescribed for the project should be attached as an annexure to the final EIA-EMP Report. (vii) The final EIA-EMP report submitted to the Ministry must incorporate the issues mentioned in ToR and that raised in Public Hearing. The index of the final EIA-EMP report, must indicate the specific chapter and page no. of the EIA-EMP Report where the specific ToR prescribed by the Ministry and the issue raised in the Public Hearing have been incorporated. Questionnaire related to the project (posted on MoEF&CC website) with all sections duly filled in shall also be submitted at the time of applying for EC. (viii) Grant of ToR does not mean grant of EC. (ix) The status of accreditation of the EIA consultant with NABET/QCI shall be specifically mentioned. The consultant shall certify that his accreditation is for the sector for which this EIA is prepared. (x) On the front page of EIA/EMP reports, the name of the consultant/consultancy firm along with their complete details including their accreditation, if any shall be indicated. The consultant while submitting the EIA/EMP report shall give an undertaking to the effect that the prescribed ToRs (ToR proposed by the project proponent and additional ToR given by the MoEF&CC) have been complied with and the data, submitted is factually correct (Refer MoEF&CC Office memorandum dated 4.'n August, 2009). Proposal No IA/OR/MIS/65626/2017 Page 4 of 5 (xi) While submitting the EIA/EMP reports, the name of the experts associated with/involved in the preparation of these reports and the laboratories through which the samples have been got analysed should be stated in the report. It shall clearly be indicated whether these laboratories are approved under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 and the rules made there under (Please refer MoEF&CC Office Memorandum dated 4th August, 2009). The project leader of the EIA study shall also be mentioned. (xii) All the ToR points as presented before the Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC) shall be covered. 5. The above ToR should be considered for the project 'Proposed expansion of Odisha Waste Management Project (Division of Ramky Enviro Engineers Ltd) at Plot No. 420 / 648 / 1 under Khata no. 61, Village - Kanchichuan, Tehsil - Sukinda, District - Jajpur, Odisha by M/s Ramky Enviro Engineers Ltd, in addition to all the relevant information as per the 'Generic Structure of EIA' given in Appendix III and IIIA in the EIA Notification, 2006. 6. A detailed draft EIA/EMP report should be prepared in terms of the above additional ToR and should be submitted to the State Pollution Control Board for conducting Public Hearing. Public Hearing to be conducted for the project in accordance with the provisions of the EIA Notification, 2006 and the issues raised by the public should be addressed in the Environmental Management Plan. The Public Hearing should be conducted based on the ToR letter issued by the Ministry and not on the basis of Minutes of the Meeting available on the web-site. 7. The project proponent shall submit the detailed final EIA/EMP prepared as per ToR including issues raised during public hearing to the Ministry for considering the proposal for environmental clearance within 3 years as per the MoEF&CC O.M. No.J-11013/41/2006-IA-11(1) (P) dated 08.10.2014. 8. The consultants involved in preparation of EIA/EMP report after accreditation with Quality Council of India/National Accreditation Board of Education and Training (QCI/NABET) would need to include a certificate in this regard in the EIA/EMP reports prepared by them and data provided by other Organization(s)/ Laboratories including their status of approvals etc. vide Notification of the MoEF&CC dated 19.07.2013. 9. The prescribed ToR would be valid for a period of three years for submission of the EIA/EMP Reports. (Kushal Vashist) Director Copy to: The Member Secretary, State Pollution Control Board Odisha, State Pollution Control Board (Head Office), Paribesh Bhawan, A/118, Nilakantha Nagar, Unit — VIII, Bhubaneswar — 751012, Odisha. FAX No.:(0674) 2562822 / 2560955. Proposal No !NOR/MIS/65626/2017 Page 5 of 5 Annexure-I 7(d): STANDARD TERMS OF REFERENCE FOR CONDUCTING ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY FOR COMMON HAZARDOUS WASTE TREATMENT, STORAGE AND DISPOSAL FACILITIES (TSDFS) AND INFORMATION TO BE INCLUDED IN EIA/EMP REPORT 1) Reasons for selecting the site with details of alternate sites examined/rejected/selected on merit with comparative statement and reason/basis for selection. The examination should justify site suitability in terms of environmental damages, resources sustainability associated with selected site as compared to rejected sites. The analysis should include parameters considered along with weightage criteria for short-listing selected site. 2) Submit the details of the road/rail connectivity along with the likely impacts and mitigative measures 3) Submit the present land use and permission required for any conversion such as forest, agriculture etc 4) Examine the details of transportation of Hazardous wastes, and its safety in handling. 5) Examine and submit the details of on line pollutant monitoring 6) Examine the details of monitoring of Dioxin and Furon. 7) MoU for disposal of ash through the TSDF. 8) MoU for disposal of scrubbing waste water through CETP. 9) Examine and submit details of monitoring of water quality around the landfill site. 10) Examine and submit details of the odour control measures. 11) Examine and submit details of impact on water body and mitigative measures during rainy season. 12) Environmental Management Plan should be accompanied with Environmental Monitoring Plan and environmental cost and benefit assessment. Regular monitoring shall be carried out for odour control. 13) Water quality around the landfill site shall be monitored regularly to examine the impact on the ground water. 14) The storage and handling of hazardous wastes shall be as per the Hazardous Waste Management Rules. 15) Submit details of a comprehensive Disaster Management Plan including emergency evacuation during natural and man-made disaster. 16) Public hearing to be conducted for the project in accordance with provisions of Environmental Impact Assessment Notification, 2006 and the issues raised by the public should be addressed in the Environmental Management Plan. The Public Hearing should be conducted based on the ToR letter issued by the Ministry and not on the basis of Minutes of the Meeting available on the web- site. 17) A detailed draft EIA/EMP report should be prepared in accordance with the above additional TOR and should be submitted to the Ministry in accordance with the Notification. 18) Details of litigation pending against the project, if any, with direction /order passed by any Court of Law against the Project should be given. 19) The cost of the Project (capital cost and recurring cost) as well as the cost towards implementation of EMP should be clearly spelt out. 20) Any further clarification on carrying out the above studies including anticipated impacts due to the project and mitigative measure, project proponent can refer to the model ToR available on Ministry website http://moef.nic.in/Manuaillncinerator Terms of reference (TOR) Compliance EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha TOR Compliance S. No TOR Points Compliance Additional TOR Odisha state generates around 96830 MTA of hazardous waste from about 335 industries. The up-gradation of existing TSDF and expansion to Integrated Common hazardous Waste TSDF with incinerator and recycling facilities is being i. Importance and benefits of the project proposed to meet the requirements and cater the needs for safe and scientific disposal of these hazardous wastes and to fill the gap between the generation and treatment of hazardous, industrial, biomedical, e-wastes generated from various districts of Odisha. The proposed integrated TSDF project is being established within the existing OWMP Common To carry out a sensitivity analysis of Hazardous Waste Treatment Storage and alternative sites as per the "Guidelines for Disposal Facility at Jajpur, Odisha and hence no conducting Environmental Impact ii. alternate sites were considered. However, the Assessment: site selection for common existing site proposed for project expansion is Hazardous waste management facility meeting site selection criteria of CPCB guidelines, published by the CPCB in 2003." which are given in detailed in Chapter 5, section 5.1.1 Project proponents would also submit a write up on how their project proposals conform to the stipulations made in the The "Protocol for Performance evolution and "Protocol for Performance evolution and monitoring of the Common Hazardous Waste iii. monitoring of the Common Hazardous Treatment Storage and Disposal facilities Waste Treatment Storage and Disposal including common Hazardous Waste facilities including common Hazardous incinerators", it attached as Annexure 1 Waste incinerators", published by the CPCB on May 24, 2010. Yes, complying with the provisions. “Status of Status of compliance to the provisions of compliance to the provisions of the Hazardous the Hazardous and Other Wastes iv. and Other Wastes (Management and (Management and Transboundary Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016 and Bio Movement) Rules, 2016. Medical Waste Management Rules, 2016 v. Compliance to the conditions of the A copy of the compliance report for the M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad TOR 1 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha consent to operate and authorization for existing facilities is attached as Annexure 2 the existing facilities. A separate chapter on status of compliance of Environmental Conditions granted by State/Centre to be provided. As Details of Environmental clearance and the status per circular dated 30th May, 2012 issued of the compliance of Environmental Condition, vi. by MoEF&CC, a certified report by RO, certified compliance report are given in Annexure MoEF&CC on status of compliance of – 3 conditions on existing EC to be provided in EIA-EMP report. The existing TSDF facility at OWMP has a capacity of 75,000 TPA which is proposed for up gradation of capacity and expansion of facilities from common hazardous waste TSDF to Integrated TSDF with the following capacities Name of Facility Capacity Secured landfill 82.0 TPD Details of various waste management Treatment/Stabilization 411.0 TPD vii. units with capacities for the proposed Incineration (INC)- common for 27.0 TPD HW & BMW project Bio Medical Waste 12.5 TPD Alternative Fuel and Raw 55.0 TPD material Facility (AFRF) E waste 82.0 TPD Used Oil Recycling 54.0 KLPD Spent Solvent Recycling 27.0 KLPD Lead Recycling Facility 65.0 TPD Paper Recycling 10.0 TPD Plastic Recycling 10.0 TPD Hazardous waste comprising viz. ETP sludge, Still bottom residues & process sludge, spent carbon, evaporation salts, incineration ash, slags, spent catalysts & resins, expired drugs, etc. will be List of waste to be handled and their handled. viii. source along with mode of transportation. The sources of the hazardous waste are industries present in Odisha state, primarily Jajpur and its nearby districts. The mode of transportation is through dedicated trucks. Other chemicals and materials required No major raw materials are required for ix. with quantities and storage capacities. proposed project. However typical reagents that M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad TOR 2 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha would be used for the stabilization process include Lime, Fly ash, Bentonite (clay), Cement, Saw Dust, etc., in combination with Sodium silicate solution, if required to create additional binding properties of the wastes. Diesel used as fuel for running DG set will be stored in drums / tank. Temporary storage of hazardous wastes will be done in a covered shed, having elevated concrete floor having drains all around to collect the leachate. Wastes containing ignitable, reactive and non- compatible characteristics will be stored separately Wastes containing volatile solvents or other low Details of temporary storage facility for x. vapor pressure chemicals will be adequately storage of hazardous waste at project site. protected from direct exposure to sunlight Storage of Incinerable hazardous waste: Adequate storage space will be provided with 15 m distance between storage sheds, fire break of at least 4m between two blocks of stacked drums, maximum of 300 tons of waste storage limit in a block of drums, at least 1m clear space between two adjacent rows of drums in a pair for routine inspection purpose. The facility is having a Stabilization Unit Details of pre-treatment facility of consisting of stabilization reagent storage and xi. hazardous waste at TSDF stabilization pit. The capacity of stabilization unit is 80 MT/Day. Details of air emissions, effluents, hazardous/solid waste generation during construction and operation phases and their Details of air emissions, effluents, mitigation measures are given in various sections xii. hazardous/solid waste generation and of Chapter 4. Section 4.4.1 – impacts on air their Management quality & mitigation Section 4.4.2 – impacts on water quality & mitigation Section 4.4.4 – Impacts due to solid waste M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad TOR 3 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha generation & mitigation Water requirement is 170 KLD. Details of water, Requirement of water, power, with source mower, man-power requirement and source are of supply, status of approval, water xiii. given in Chapter 2 Water balance table and flow balance diagram, man-power requirement chart are given in Chapter 4 as Table 4.5 & Figure (regular and contract). 4.5 Process description along with major equipment and machineries, process flow Project Description of different units are given in xiv. sheet (quantative) from waste material to Chapter 2 Sections 2.5, 2.6, 2.7, 2.8, 2.9 & 2.10 disposal to be provided. Hazard Identification details are given in Chapter Hazard identification and details of 7, Section 7.2.1 xv. proposed safety systems. Proposed Safety Systems are given in Chapter 7, Section 7.3 Layout maps of proposed Solid Waste The site layout showing various units, greenbelt, Management Facilities indicating storage xvi. roads, parking etc. are given in Chapter 2, Figure area, plant area, greenbelt area, utilities 2.3 etc. There are no major surface tanks and rivers Details of Drainage of the project up to 5 within 2km radius from site boundary. Most of km radius of study area. If the site is within them are minor tanks connected with the nearest 1 km radius of any major river, peak and surface streams as catchment. As per drainage lean season river discharge as well as flood map there is no seasonal streams flowing from xvii. occurrence frequency based on peak site to nearest surface water tank. The detailed rainfall data of the past 30 years. Details of map of natural drainage system occurring 5 km Flood Level of the project site and study of proposed site is presented in Figure 7.4. maximum Flood Level of the river shall also be provided. 10 ground water samples were collected from different sources like hand pumps & bore wells etc within the study area and important physical Ground water quality monitoring in and xviii. & chemical parameters including heavy metals around the project site were considered during analysis. The details of quality analysis of ground water have been discussed in Chapter 3, Section 3.4 Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) established a Common Hazardous Waste Status of the land purchases in terms of xix. Treatment, Storage, Disposal Facility (CHWTSDF) land acquisition Act and study the impact. in 2009 with Prior Environmental Clearance (dated June 2, 2009) in an area of 70 acres. The M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad TOR 4 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha land for the same was provided by the Industrial Development Corporation of Odisha(IDCO) The proposed expansion will be done only in the Status of acquisition of land. If acquisition 70 acres land provided by Industrial Development is not complete, stage of the acquisition xx. Corporation of Odisha where TSDF facility already process and expected time of complete exists. Hence the proposed expansion does not possession of the land involve any new land acquisition. As Per The Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation And Resettlement Bill, 2011, the present land area of 70 acres may not attract R&R plans as the LARR R&R details in respect of land in line with bill specifies that R&R is applicable for land xxi. state Government policy. acquisition of more than 100 acres of land in rural area. Also, the present land does not have any habitation within the site as well as up to a radial distance of 1.5 – 2 km. The effluents generated is about 23kld which will be treated in ETP And the 21kld treated waste water will be reused in the process (about 8 KLD for landfill facility & Details of effluent treatment and recycling 13 KLD for incinerator) xxii. process The sludge generated in the pond shall be disposed in the secured landfill as per landfill disposal regulations. 7 KLD from domestic sewage will be disposed of in septic tank followed by soak pit. The waste water/leachate collected in solar evaporation pond shall be sprayed on the active landfill surface for solar evaporation the landfill spraying will helps in effective compaction of the water and also prevents emanation of dust generation from landfill. The waste water shall be Leachate study report and detailed utilized in the stabilization of waste as well as per xxiii. leachate management plan to be the requirement of water in the stabilization incorporated. process. The waste water/leachate shall be disposed of in the spray drier. The incinerator which will help in excess heat recovery of the incinerator as well as excess requirement of water for cooling purpose. The spray of landfill shall be continued as per the requirement. xxiv. Action plan for measures to be taken for The landfill cells which have completed waste M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad TOR 5 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha excessive leachate generation during filling shall be ensured capping before onset of monsoon period monsoon. The landfill cells which are in operation shall be temporarily covered with 1mm HDPE lines to prevent rain water contact during monsoon. The waste shall be stored in the temporary storage shed during rainy days. The stored waste shall be quickly shifted into the operational part of the landfill during non-rainy days and again immediately covered perfectly with liners without any gaps in between. Major portion shall be covered under temporary liners to avoid generation of any leachate. Proper storm water drainage shall be ensured. Garland drainage shall be provided. The landfill and the same shall be connected to a lined first flush retention pond. The water in the pond shall be tested to ensure the quality meeting to the discharge standards for utilizing for green belt or else the same shall be shifted to solar evaporation pond for disposal as waste water/leachate. Additional information on action plan for measures to be taken for excessive leachate generation during monsoon period is provided in Action plan for any pollution of ground Ground water monitoring shall be carried out as xxv. water is noticed during operation period per Annexure 5 of the CPCB Protocol. or post closure monitoring period Detailed Environmental Monitoring Plan as Environmental Monitoring Plan as well as Post xxvi. well as Post Closure Monitoring Plan. Closure Monitoring Plan Given in Chapter 6 Public Hearing has been conducted on 6th Public hearing to be conducted and issues November 2018, at Sukinda Bhawan, Sukinda raised and commitments made by the Tehsil, Jajpur District, Odisha. Public hearing project proponent on the same should be xxvii. minutes (signed copy) and photographs are included in EIA/EMP Report in the form of attached as Annexure 4. Suggestion/complaints tabular chart with financial budget for raised during public hearing and replies along complying with the commitments made with action plans are given in Annexure 5. Any litigation pending against the project xxviii. No litigations pending against the project and/or any direction/order passed by any M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad TOR 6 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Court of Law against the project, if so, details thereof shall also be included. Has the unit received any notice under the Section 5 of Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 or relevant Sections of Air and WVater Acts? If so, details thereof and compliance/ATR to the notice(s) and present status of the case. A tabular chart with index for point wise xxix. Noted and followed compliance of above ToR. Standard TOR Reasons for selecting the site with details of alternate sites examined/rejected/selected on merit with The present project proposes for expansion of comparative statement and reason/basis existing OWMP-TSDF facility to an integrated for selection. The examination should TSDF by upgrading the capacity to----- and setting justify site suitability in terms of i. up of new waste treatment facilities in the environmental damages, resources existing site where TSDF is located. As, it does not sustainability associated with selected site involve any new land acquisition, alternate sites as compared to rejected sites. The analysis have not been considered. should include parameters considered along with weightage criteria for short- listing selected site. Road connectivity to the Proposed project is NH – 53, connecting Duburi along with SH-20 - 0.8 Km Submit the details of the road/rail N. Traffic details are given in Chapter 3 Section ii. connectivity along with the likely impacts 3.6 In addition to this, the proposed project being and mitigative measures an expansion of existing facility, the service for the roads is very good and hence there is no effect due to this project Submit the present land use and As it is an existing TSDF facility and the land use is iii. permission required for any conversion under Industrial category. such as forest, agriculture etc. The Transportation of hazardous waste & safety Examine the details of transportation of measures during handling will be followed as per iv. Hazardous wastes, and its safety in the Guidelines prescribed for Transportation of handling. Hazardous Waste – Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management and Transboundary Movement) M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad TOR 7 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Rules, 2016. Online pollutant monitoring will be provided as per CPCB guidelines for monitoring particulate matter, SO , NOx and CO from the incinerator Examine and submit the details of on line 2 v. stack. pollutant monitoring. The results obtained will be uploaded into State PCB server on regular intervals. The monitoring of Dioxins and Furans in the stack Examine the details of monitoring of emissions will be carried out by third party MOEF vi. Dioxin and Furan. recognized laboratory as per the MOEF guidelines. The ash generated from the incinerator and vii. MoU for disposal of ash through the TSDF. power plant will be used within the project and disposed to the secured landfill area The scrubbing wastewater generated from MoU for disposal of scrubbing waste water alkaline scrubber will be disposed through spray viii. through CETP. drier / quencher which is used for control of Dixon and Furan generation. About –9 locations. Water quality monitoring was Examine and submit details of monitoring ix. carried out in and around the landfill site. details of water quality around the landfill site. are Given in Chapter 3, Section 3.4 Examine and submit details of the odour Details of odour control measures are given in x. control measures. Chapter 9, Section 9.3.2 There are no water bodies in the proposed site. It Examine and submit details of impact on is proposed to set storm water collection pond xi. water body and mitigative measures with in the down gradient side (based on during rainy season. contours). Water from this pond will be utilized for utilities etc. Environmental Management Plan should Detailed Environmental Management Plan is be accompanied with Environmental provided in Chapter 9, Detailed Environmental Monitoring Plan and environmental cost xii. Monitoring Plan is given in Chapter 6 and budget and benefit assessment. Regular for implementation of EMP (capital cost and monitoring shall be carried out for odour recurring cost) is provided in Chapter 6. control. The water quality around the landfill site will be Water quality around the landfill site shall be monitored regularly to examine the impact on xiii. be monitored regularly to examine the groundwater as per EC/CFE conditions given by impact on the ground water. SPCB at regular intervals (monthly) by providing piezometers in all directions of landfill including M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad TOR 8 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha upstream and downstream sides. Details of water quality monitoring are given in Table 6.1-6.3. The storage and handling of hazardous The storage and handling of hazardous wastes xiv. wastes shall be as per the Hazardous are Given in Chapter 7, Section 7.1 and Table 7.1 Waste Management Rules. & 7.2 Submit details of a comprehensive The Disaster Management Plan including Disaster Management Plan including precautions to be taken during natural and xv. emergency evacuation during natural and manmade disasters are given in Chapter 7, man-made disaster. Section 7.3. Public hearing to be conducted for the Public Hearing has been conducted on 6th project in accordance with provisions of November 2018, at Sukinda Bhawan, Sukinda Environmental Impact Assessment Tehsil, Jajpur District, Odisha. Public hearing Notification, 2006 and the issues raised by minutes (signed copy) and photographs are the public should be addressed in the attached as Annexure 4. Suggestion/complaints xvi. Environmental Management Plan. The raised during public hearing and replies along Public Hearing should be conducted based with action plans are given in Annexure 5. on the ToR letter issued by the Ministry and not on the basis of Minutes of the Meeting available on the web-site. A detailed draft EIA/EMP report should be prepared in accordance with the above xvii. additional TOR and should be submitted to Noted and Followed the Ministry in accordance with the Notification. Details of litigation pending against the project, if any, with direction/order passed xviii No litigations pending against the project by any Court of Law against the Project should be given The cost of the Project (capital cost and The total project cost is 150 crores. The details of recurring cost) as well as the cost towards cost estimate is given in Chapter 10, Table 10.14 xix implementation of EMP should be clearly The budget allotted towards EMP is around 15. 6 spelt out. crores the given in chapter 6, Table 6.5 Any further clarification on carrying out the above studies including anticipated All the studies/activities in the TOR were impacts due to the project and mitigative completed in detail and presented in the EIA xviii. measure, project proponent can refer to report. No further clarification required for the model TOR available on Ministry carrying out the studies suggested. website M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad TOR 9 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha General TOR Guidelines The EIA document shall be printed on both (i) Noted and Complied sides as far as possible All documents should be properly indexed, (ii) Noted and Complied page numbered. Period/date of data collection should be The baseline study was carried out during Winter (iii) clearly indicated. season from December 2016 – February 2017. Authenticated English translation of all (iv) Noted and Complied material provided in Regional languages The letter/application for environmental clearance should quote the SEAC file no. (v) Noted and Complied and also attach a copy of the letter prescribing the ToR. The copy of the letter received from Ministry on the ToR prescribed for the MoEF&CC has given TOR vide No.10-10/2009-IA- (vi) project should be attached as an Annexure III(pt.) Dt.12.09.2017. Attached in EIA Report. to the Final EIA – EMP Report. The final EIA-EMP report submitted to the Public Hearing has been conducted on 6th Ministry must incorporate the issues November 2018, at Sukinda Bhawan, Sukinda mentioned in ToR and that raised in Public Tehsil, Jajpur District, Odisha. Public hearing Hearing. The index of the EIA-EMP report minutes (signed copy) and photographs are must indicate the specific ToR prescribed attached as Annexure 4. Suggestion/complaints (vii) by the Ministry and the issue raised in the raised during public hearing and replies along Public Hearing have been incorporated. with action plans are given in Annexure 5. Questionnaire related to the project (posted on MoEFCC website) with all sections duly filled in shall also be submitted at the time of applying for EC. (viii) Grant of ToR does not mean grant of EC Noted The status of accreditation of the EIA consultant with NABET or QCI shall be (ix) Noted and Complied specifically mentioned. The consultant shall certify that his accreditation is for the M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad TOR 10 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha sector for which this EIA is prepared. On the front page of EIA/EMP reports the name of the consultant/ consultancy firm along with their complete details including their accreditation, if any shall be indicated. The consultant while submitting the EIA/EMP report shall give an (x) undertaking to the effect that the Noted and Complied prescribed ToRs (ToR proposed by Project proponent and additional ToR given by MoEF&CC) have been complied with and the data submitted is factually correct. (Refer MoEF&CC Office Memorandum dated 4th August, 2009). While submitting the EIA/EMP reports, the name of the experts associated with/involved in the preparation of these reports and the laboratories through which the samples have been got analysed should be stated in the report. It shall (xi) clearly be indicated that these laboratories Noted and Complied are approved under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 and the rules made there under (Please refer MoEF&CC Office Memorandum dated 4th August, 2009). The project leader of the EIA study shall also be mentioned. All the ToR points as presented before the (xii) Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC) shall be Noted and Complied covered. M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad TOR 11 Executive Summary EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Executive Summary 1.0 Introduction Management of pollution and the waste generated from the industries is always been a challenging task faced by the country. As per EIA Notification S.O. No 1533 dated 14th Sep 2006 and its subsequent amendments, the proposed project is placed under Project/Activity 7 (d) Common Hazardous Waste Treatment, Storage and Disposal Facility (TSDFs), Category “A” and requires environmental clearance from EAC, MOEFCC, New Delhi. The proposal was considered by the Expert Appraisal Committee (Infra-2) in its 21st meeting held during 21st - 24th August 2017 for determination of the Terms of Reference (TOR) for undertaking detailed EIA Study in accordance with the provisions of the EIA notification dated September 14, 2006 and subsequent amendments. The EAC has given Terms of Reference vide its letter No. F. No. 10-10/2009-IA-III(pt.) dated 12th September 2017. 2.0 Project Details In the present project, the Odisha Waste Management Project (a Division of Ramky Enviro Engineers Ltd) is proposing for expansion of Existing Common Hazardous Waste Treatment Storage and Disposal Facility (CHWTSDF) to Integrated Common Hazardous Waste Treatment Storage and Disposal Facility (ICHWTSDF). Proposed project activities consists of collection, transportation, treatment, storage, re-use, recycle, blending and disposal of industrial hazardous wastes, bio-medical waste, spent solvent recycling, used oil recycling, alternate fuel & raw material facility (AFRF), lead recycling, paper recycling, plastic recycling, and e-waste management facility. The existing TSDF facility has current capacity of 75,000 TPA. It has now proposed for expansion of facility and up gradation of capacities of secured landfill (DLF)-82 TPD, stabilization (LAT) - 411 TPD, incineration (INC) — 27 TPD, biomedical waste- 12.5 TPD, alternative fuel and raw material 55 TPD, e-waste- 82 TPD, used oil recycling - 54 KLD, spent solvent recycling - 27 KLD, lead recycling - 65 TPD, paper recycling - 10 TPD, plastic recycling- 10 TPD facilities. The nearest village from the proposed site is Kanchichuan (Approx. 2 km) and the nearest railway station is Jajpur Road Railway Station (26 km) and the nearest airport is M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad ES 1 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Bhubaneswar Airport 90 km (S). Nearest highways from the proposed site are NH-200 is 1 km (N) from the site. 3.0 Project Importance As per the report released by the CPCB on inventory of hazardous waste generating industries (2009), Odisha state holds around 2754 industries of which, around 335 units generate hazardous waste. There is an immediate need for up gradation of the existing TSDF and also for establishment of integrated facility to cater the present and future needs of waste disposal. Hence, the proposed OWMP-Integrated TSDF project is designed to collect & treat all these different types of waste on scientific basis to meet the following rules. The Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016. The Bio-Medical Waste Management Rules, 2016. The Plastic Waste Management Rules, 2016. E-Waste (Management) Rules, 2016. Battery management and handling rules 2010. 4.0 Land Details OWMP proposes to setup an Integrated Common Hazardous Waste Treatment, Storage & Disposal with recycling Facility within the site where existing common hazardous waste TSDF is located, in Kanchichuan village, Jajpur district, Odisha. A 70 acres land is provided by the Industrial Development Corporation of Odisha (IDCO) for this purpose. Out of this 70 acres land, around 30% (87,264 sq m) is allocated for secured landfills, 1.5% (4056 sq m) each for biomedical & recycling facilities, 2.5% (7256 sq m) for common facilities, 33% (101330 sq m) for green belt and 20% (54308 sq m) for future expansion. 5.0 Water Requirement The proposed project requires around 170 KLD of water for various waste treatment operations and for green belt development, which will be met through bore wells/tankers. M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad ES 2 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha 6.0 Power and Fuel Requirement The proposed facilities would require around 1000 kVA of power which would be drawn from the North Eastern Supply Company of Odisha Limited (NESCO). During power failures or emergencies, the facility would be operated through DG sets (500 kV). 7.0 Manpower Requirement The proposed project would require around 150 total workers of which 40 would be skilled and 110 would be unskilled manpower required during various stages of construction and operation. The priority would be given to the residents of nearby villages. 8.0 Baseline Environmental Status The baseline data generation for the proposed ICHWTSDF has been carried out during the winter season i.e., December 2016 to February 2017. The data collection with respect to meteorological conditions, air pollution levels, noise levels, water quality, soil quality and socio-economic conditions were carried out during the study period. The predominant wind direction during study period was from East to South. Calm condition prevailed for 14.72% of the total time and the average wind speed for the season was observed to be 2.01 m/s. Ambient Air Quality Ambient air quality monitoring stations were installed at 9 different locations. The locations were selected in downwind, crosswind and upwind direction from the proposed project site. At each location, monitoring was carried out at a frequency of 2 days per week for 12 weeks during the study period. 3 PM2.5 levels were recorded in the range of 19.7-24.5 µg/m , PM10 levels were recorded in 3 the range of 44.6-57.1 µg/m , Sulfur dioxide (SO2) concentrations were in the range of 9.1- 3 3 15.4 µg/m , Oxides of nitrogen (NOx) were in the range of 20.5-25.4 µg/m , Ammonia (NH3) 3 concentrations were in the range of 20.8-22.2 µg/m , Ozone (O3) concentrations were in range of 12.2-18.5 µg/m3, Carbon monoxide (CO) were in the range of 288-620 µg/m3 and 3 Benzene (C6H6) were in range of 0.42 to 0.81 µg/m . The observed levels were compared M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad ES 3 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha with CPCB Standards (National Ambient Air Quality Standards, 2009) and all parameters were well within the standards. Remaining 4 parameters (Lead, Nickel, Arsenic & Benzo (a) Pyrene) are all below detectable limit. Water Quality Monitoring Surface water and groundwater samples were collected from different sources within the study area and analyzed for all important physico-chemical parameters to establish the quality of water prevailing in the project surroundings. A total of 7 ground water and 2 surface water samples were collected. The groundwater samples were drawn from the bore wells and hand pump used by villagers for their daily needs. The surface water samples were drawn from river and nallas. The pH of ground water observed ranges from 7.1 to 7.6 and in surface water it is in the range of 7.5 to 7.7, the TDS level of ground water is from 58 mg/l to 980 mg/l, whereas in surface water the levels are 112 to 154 mg/l. The chloride concentration in ground water is between 15 mg/l to 264 mg/l, whereas the surface water has chloride values of 18 to 22 mg/l. The hardness observed in ground water is 69 to 577 mg/l and in surface water the hardness found to be between 77 to 90 mg/l. Noise Monitoring Noise levels were monitored at 7 different locations within study zone, using a noise measurement device. The day levels of noise have been monitored during 6 AM to 10 PM and the night levels during 10 PM to 6 AM. The day equivalents during the study period were in the range between 53.3 to 54.3 dB (A), whereas the night equivalents were in the range of 42.0 to 43.5 dB (A). From the results it can be seen that the day equivalents and the night equivalents were within the Ambient Noise Standards of Residential. Soil Quality Soil Quality was monitored at 8 locations within the study area of the project site. The sampling locations were selected to assess the existing soil conditions representing various land use conditions and geological features. The important physical and chemical parameter concentrations were determined from all the samples. M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad ES 4 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha The pH values in the study area were varying from 6.6 to 7.9, the organic carbon was varying from 1.13 to 1.43 %, the available nitrogen was varying from 180 to 272 kg/ha, the available phosphorus was varying from 4.6 to 11.8 kg/ha, and the available potassium was varying from 20 to 40 kg/ha. Ecological Environment A detailed study was done within 10 km radius area of the project site which includes, primary data generation through systematic studies to understand baseline ecological status, fauna structure and important floristic elements; Collection of secondary data from Forest Working Plan and Gazetteers. The compilation of primary and secondary data of flora and fauna is done. The core area is sparsely covered by shrubs, thorny bushes, some trees. Few reserve and protected forests are present within the study area, namely Balibo Reserve Forest – 3.5 km, Pubal Protected Forest – 3km, Barbati Protected Forest – 3km, Sunajhari Protected Forest – 5km, Mahagiri Protected Forest – 8km, Bhalparha Reserve Forest - 9km, Bhuban Reserve Forest – 10km. Brahmani River is flowing at a distance of 10 km from the site. There are no National Parks, Wildlife Sanctuaries, Biosphere Reserves and Important Bird Areas (IBA) within the study area. There are no reports of occurrence of any rare or endangered or endemic or threatened (REET) fauna in the study area. There are no records of any conflict of wildlife such as Elephants or Leopards with humans. None of the species reported or recorded from the study area placed in Schedule I of the Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972. Except for reserve and protected forests and river as mentioned earlier, there are no wildlife habitats capable of sustaining any REET forms for fauna. Socio – Economic Environment The study area covers 22 villages, including a block headquarter in the 10 km radial distance from the periphery of the project site. The baseline study adopted a two-fold methodology for data collection, namely, review of published secondary data and collection of primary data. Secondary data was collected from district census statistics of 2011, which includes: demographic data, occupational structure, literacy profile and social structure etc. M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad ES 5 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha The Socio-Economic study observed that 40.9% of people belong to scheduled category, in which 26.4% belongs to Scheduled Tribes (ST), and Scheduled Castes (SC) comprises of 14.5% of total population. The study area had an average family size of 5 persons per household. This represents moderate family size and also in similarity with other parts of the district. To reiterate the male and female constitute 50.9% and 49.1% respectively and number of females per 1000 males is 965. The occupational structure of project area is studied with reference to three categories viz. main workers, marginal workers and non- workers. There are total 23.7% main workers in the study area. The marginal workers and non-workers constitute to 10.1% and 66.2% of the total population respectively. Therefore, non-workers are predominant in the population of workers by occupation. The study also noted that, a vast majority of the educated youth are also part of the non-working population as they don’t have any job opportunities in the area. The socio-economic study revealed that the youth in the project area are devoid of employment opportunities. They can be a potential source of workers with minimum handholding and vocational education skills. The youth have expressed their willingness to setting up of industries in the area as it provides them gainful employment opportunities. Similarly, this would also trigger many direct and indirect benefits for economic advancement and social development of project area. The study also noted an active presence of women groups in the nearby villages. Many of these groups are acting as micro-finance entities, rotating small amount of loans among the group members. 9.0 Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures The potential impacts on the environment from the proposed project are identified based on the nature of the various activities associated not only with the project implementation and operation, but also on the current status of the environmental quality at the project site. The proposed project may cause impact on the environment during two phases. Impact during Construction phase Impact during operation phase M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad ES 6 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Impacts during Construction Phase Construction phase works include site clearance, site formation, building works, infrastructure provision and any other infrastructure activities. The impacts due to construction activities are short term and are limited to the construction phase. The impacts will be mainly on air quality, water quality, soil quality and socio-economics. Impacts during Operation Phase During the operation phase of the proposed project there would be impacts on the air environment, water environment, land environment and socio-economic aspects. Air Quality: The main sources of air pollution include Incinerator, DG Set, and Vehicles. Incinerator will be equipped with all necessary Air Pollution Control Devices (APCDs) including Quencher, Venturi Scrubber and Wet Alkaline Scrubber to comply with emission standards. Also, the incinerator will be provided with a 30m high stack. The emissions from the DG sets are minimal since they will be operated only during power failures. All the vehicles will be regularly serviced and maintained properly to minimize emissions. All the internal roads will be maintained properly to minimize dust generation. Water Quality: Wastewater generated from vehicle and container washing, floor washing, incineration, recycling plants shall be treated at ETP. The domestic wastewater will be sent to septic tank followed by soak pit. The treated waste water shall be continuously recirculated to fulfill water requirement of APCDs. Storm water drains shall be provided throughout the facility and are connected to rain water collection chamber. The rain water thus collected shall be used for greenbelt, vehicle washing etc., after treatment, if necessary. Noise Level: The major source of noise in proposed project will be from unloading of hazardous and biomedical waste, incinerator, DG set, pumps, motors etc. Adequate measures for noise control, at the design stage shall be taken such as keeping high noise generating equipment’s like pumps, motors, etc., on anti-vibration pads, closed rooms and regular maintenance. Employees will be provided with PPE like ear plugs, helmets, safety M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad ES 7 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha shoes etc. as necessary and also greenbelt will be developed all along the boundary and along the roads for reducing the noise levels within the project. Land Environment: Waste such as incineration ash generated in the process of incineration shall be stored in a separate area under the shed so as to avoid entry of rain water during the monsoon and for easy collection and in case, incineration ash is hazardous waste in nature same should be disposed through authorized TSDF. With these measures it is anticipated that there will not be any impact on land environment. Ecology: There is no ecological and sensitive areas viz. wildlife sanctuary, national parks, archeological important areas within 10 km radius of the project site. There are no known rare, endangered or ecologically significant animal and plant species. Except few wild species of plants and grasses and a few animals that are very commonly spotted in any rural environment. Due to the development of green belt (as per CPCB guidelines) in 33% area of the proposed facility, the impact on ecology will be minimal. Socio-Economics: The proposed facility is likely to provide direct and indirect employment and likely to increase the socio-economic status of the nearby villages in the study area. 10.0 Environment Management Plan The Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is required to ensure a sustainable development of the plant area and the surrounding areas of the plant. The EMP aims to control pollution at the source level to the possible extent with the available and affordable technology followed by the standard treatments before getting discharged. The proposed incinerator shall be equipped with all necessary Air Pollution Control Devices (APCDs) including quencher, high-pressure venturi scrubber, wet alkaline scrubber etc. to comply with prescribed emission norms. Necessary precautions shall be taken to minimize odour and noise. Wastewater generated from the incineration plant and from floor washing/vehicle and container washing shall be treated in Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP). Treated wastewater shall be reused to meet the water requirement of APCDs. Ash generated from the incineration plant and sludge generated from the ETP shall be M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad ES 8 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha transported to nearest TSDF for final disposal. Minimum 33% of the total plot area shall be developed as greenbelt as per CPCB guidelines. 11.0 Environment Monitoring Program Environmental monitoring program describes the processes and activities that need to take place to characterize and monitor the quality of the environment. Different activities involved in the proposed project and their impact on various environmental attributes have been taken into account while designing a detailed environmental monitoring program. Environmental monitoring program has been prepared for the proposed project for assessing the efficiency of implementation of Environment Management Plan and to take corrective measures in case of any degradation in the surrounding environment. Results of monitoring will be reviewed, analyzed statistically and submitted to concerned authorities. Environmental Monitoring Program includes: (i) continuous online monitoring of the incinerator stack emission for flue gas parameters (ii) incinerator stack emission monitoring to ensure compliance with emission standards (iii) ambient air quality monitoring (iv) analysis of treated wastewater especially in case of discharge (v) periodic monitoring of incineration ash and ETP sludge (vi) other parameters as prescribed in Consent for Operation (CFO) etc. 12.0 Project Benefits From the proposed project the major benefits, include improving the degraded environment by establishing an Integrated Common Hazardous Waste Treatment, Storage, Disposal and Recycling Facilities. The proposed project facilitates better management of the industrial wastes. It will be the showcase for other states for management of hazardous waste with additional benefit of green and clean Environment. It minimizes the pollution load on environment from industrial hazardous waste Compliance with prescribed regulatory norms which in turn avert the risk of closure on account of violation of rules M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad ES 9 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha It reduces the number of hazardous waste dump sites in the area and also eliminates the pollution potential 13.0 Conclusion Based on the Environmental Impact Assessment study conducted for the proposed project, it is observed that the accessibility to proposed site near Kanchichuan, Sukinda, is good. Environment related aspects are not critically sensitive to impacts, which can be mitigated by having a proper Environmental Management Plan. Socioeconomic aspects will have a positive impact with reference to the employment generation to the locals. Climatological and Geological conditions for the site are feasible. The proposed site is feasible for the expansion and setting up of Integrated Common Hazardous Waste Management Treatment Storage Disposal and Recycling Facility with Proper Environmental Management Plan. Therefore it can be concluded from the assessment carried out that the proposed site near Kanchichuan, Sukinda could be developed into a ICHWTSDF with the appropriate planning for environmental management during operation and post closure. Baseline data was collected for various environmental components and an overall assessment was made on the potential environmental impacts likely to arise from the proposed Integrated Common Hazardous Waste Treatment Facility. Necessary pollution control measures (along with monitoring plan) have been proposed to ensure minimal impact on the environment. M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad ES 10 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Introduction Odisha is located in the eastern region of India. The state shares its borders with West Bengal on the north-east, Jharkhand on the north, Andhra Pradesh on the south, Chhattisgarh on the west, and the Bay of Bengal on the east. The state's economy witnessed high growth rates between 2004-05 and 2015-16, with Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP) expanding at a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 10.25 per cent. Odisha has a well- developed social, physical and industrial infrastructure, and the state government has undertaken several infrastructural projects to further promote overall development. Jajpur district is one of the prime districts of the state located in the eastern part of Odisha with geographical area of 2888 Sq. kms. The district extends from: 20°56'42.85"N to 20°57'24.61"N latitude and from 85°53'26.18"E to 85°53'45.34"E longitude on the eastern coast of Odisha. Keonjhar and Bhadrak districts bound it on the North, Kendrapara and Cuttack district on the South, Dhenkanal on the West and Kendrapara and Bhadrak on the East. The district is primarily an agri-zone district and the major growing crop is paddy. More than 75% of the workforce earn their livelihood through agriculture. The district has very fertile land and has thick population concentration. The district has the deposit of rich mineral resources in the state. Main mineral resources available in the district are Chromite, Iron Ore and Quartzite. Associated minerals like Pyroxinite and Nickel Ore are also available in the district. NINL (Neelachal Ispat Nigam Ltd.) being the PSU in the district, there has been the growth of MSMEs in and around Jajpur district. More concentration of MSMEs located in Cuttack and Khorda districts are serving the large industries of the area. However still there is scope for further growth of MSMEs considering the fact that a number of large industries like Jindal, TISCO etc. have already been set up and started production and more traditional & modern industries ranging from small artisan workshops to huge multinational companies, micro, small & medium enterprises, major/large scale industries are in the pipeline. M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 1.1 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Industrial operations lead to considerable generation of hazardous waste. The major hazardous waste generating industries in various districts of Odisha include steel, textile, leather, and electronics, automobile & auto components, inorganic chemicals and heavy engineering industries. Hazardous wastes from the industrial sectors mentioned above contain heavy metals, cyanides, complex aromatic compounds (such as PCBs), and other chemicals which are toxic, flammable, reactive, corrosive or have explosive properties affecting the environment. As per the report released by the CPCB on inventory of hazardous waste generating industries (2009), Odisha state holds around 2754 industries of which, around 335 units generate hazardous waste which accounts to 96830 MTA as approximate total quantity of hazardous waste generated. Out of the total hazardous waste generated, 74351 MTA is land fillable, 4052 MTA is incinerable and 18427 MTA is recyclable waste. Management of pollution and the waste generated from the industries is always been a challenging task faced by the country. Ramky Enviro Engineers Ltd (REEL) has been the Pioneers in offering solutions for Industrial Waste Management and its secured disposal. Presently it holds about 15 sites in various states of the country. 1.2 Purpose of Report The objective of this EIA study report is description of those aspects of the project which are likely to cause environmental impacts in/around the proposed project area and identification of long-term, short-term, reversible & irreversible impact on the immediate environment, ecology and ecosystem. Based on impact prediction, suitable management plan is to be defined that will control and/or minimize the detrimental impacts. It is very much important in the design stage of the project to take into account not only the social and economic aspects of the project, but also environment protection considerations. The environmental impacts of any expansion project must be surveyed, forecasted and evaluated by the project proponents in the process of designing the project. These results and findings are then to be incorporated in the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Report. Environmental Impact Assessment report has been prepared to comply with the Terms of Reference (TOR) received from MoEF&CC F.No.10-10/2009-IA-III(pt.) dated 12th September, M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 1.2 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha 2017, As per EIA Notification S.O. No 1533 dated 14th Sep 2006 and its subsequent amendments the proposed project falls under Project / Activity 7 (d) Common Hazardous Waste Treatment, Storage and Disposal Facility (TSDFs), Category “A” (All integrated facilities having incineration & landfill or incineration alone) and requires environmental clearance from Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC), MOEF&CC, New Delhi. 1.3 Identification of Project and Project Proponent 1.3.1 Project Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) is one of the divisions of Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited (REEL) formed in the state of Odisha that will primarily address the issue of hazardous waste disposal. Odisha Waste Management Project located at Plot No. 420/648/1, Kanchichuan village, Post: Mangalpur, Tehsil: Sukinda, District: Jajpur, Odisha- 755018 is a Common Hazardous Waste Treatment Storage & Disposal Facility site (CHWTSDF). This facility has the Environment Clearance for Common Hazardous Waste Treatment Storage & Disposal Facility vide file no. 10-10/2007-IA.III, dated 2nd June 2009 from MoEFCC. This facility has a total area of 70 acres allotted by Industrial Development Corporation of Odisha. Odisha Waste Management project (OWMP) proposes to expand its facilities and set up an Integrated Common Hazardous Waste Treatment, Storage, Disposal (ICHWTSDF) including incineration and recycling facilities. Proposed project activities consist of collection, transportation, treatment, storage, re-use, recycle, blending and disposal of industrial hazardous wastes, biomedical waste, spent solvent recycling, used oil recycling, alternate fuel &raw material facility, used lead acid batteries, waste plastic & paper recycling and e- waste generated in Odisha. The proposal was considered by the Expert Appraisal Committee (Infra – 2) in its 21stMeeting held during 21st – 24th August, 2017 for determination of the Terms of Reference (TOR) for undertaking detailed EIA Study in accordance with the provisions of the EIA notification dated September 14, 2006 and subsequent amendments. The EAC has given Terms of Reference vide its letter No. F. No. 10-10/2009-IA.III (pt.) dated 12th September 2017. The proposed project details are given in Table 1.1 M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 1.3 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Table 1.1 Details of proposed treatment facilities with capacities Name of Facility Capacity Secured landfill (DLF) 82.0 TPD Treatment/Stabilization (LAT) 411.0 TPD Incineration (INC)- common for HW & BMW 27.0 TPD Bio Medical Waste 12.5 TPD Alternative Fuel and Raw material Facility (AFRF) 55.0 TPD E waste 82.0 TPD Used Oil Recycling 54.0 KLPD Spent Solvent Recycling 27.0 KLPD Lead Recycling Facility 65.0 TPD Paper Recycling 10.0 TPD Plastic Recycling 10.0 TPD 1.3.2 Project Proponent The proposed Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) will be established and operated by M/s Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited, Hyderabad. 1.3.3 Ramky Group Waste Management Division Ramky Waste Management is focused in the fields of Industrial Hazardous Waste Management, Bio-Medical Waste Management and Municipal Solid Waste Management. The group companies have the credit and distinction of having established first-of-its-kind bio-medical waste and hazardous waste management facilities operating on a common platform in the country at Hyderabad. The group today is the leader in waste management in India, with 14 biomedical waste management facilities located at Hyderabad, Bangalore, Ludhiana, Ahmedabad, Mumbai, Chennai, Madurai Salem, Durgapur, Kalyani, Haldia, Kolkata, Mangalore and Ghaziabad, Some are under construction. The company, today operating fifteen hazardous waste management facilities established and operated (some are under construction stage) under the name of; M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 1.4 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Hyderabad Waste Management Project located at Hyderabad (Dundigal) Mumbai Waste Management Limited located at Mumbai (Taloja) West Bengal Waste Management Limited located at Haldia Tamil Nadu Waste Management Limited located at Chennai (Gummidipoondi) Uttar Pradesh Waste Management Project located at Kanpur Coastal Waste Management Project located at Visakhapatnam Rajasthan Waste Management Project located at Udaipur Punjab Waste Management Project located at Chandigarh (Nimbua) Karnataka Waste Management Project located at Bangalore (Dobaspet) Odisha Waste Management Project Balotra Waste Management Project (Balotra) Madhya Pradesh Waste Management Project Located at Indore (Pithampur) West Bengal Waste Management Limited located at Saltora Tamil Nadu Waste Management Limited located at Chennai (Virudhnagar) Bihar Waste Management Project (Bhojpur). The hazardous waste management facilities in operation are integrated facilities catering to over 6000 industrial establishments and catering to over 700,000 TPA of industrial hazardous wastes. The facilities comprise of a secured landfill facility in compliance to CPCB National Standard, a waste stabilization facility, incinerator, intractable and temporary stores, leachate treatment facility, advanced laboratory, transport equipment, administrative and other supporting infrastructure. Ramky facilities are serving as role models for waste management facilities in the country today. The company has design, detailed engineering capability for the above-mentioned capacity as proven from the established facilities. All the facilities are equipped with state of the art laboratories capable of performing comprehensive and fingerprinting analysis. The company deploys complete mechanization in collection and transportation of wastes. Ramky’s experience in MSW is also exhaustive in terms of various consultancy projects rendered for Telangana state and Karnataka States in addition to the MSW management projects awarded at Haldia, Bangalore, Guwahati, Hyderabad and New Delhi. M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 1.5 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha In a society where environment stands on the top of social agenda with economic policies not tied to the same, our effort towards improvement of environment is seen as a great step towards environmental improvement projects in the country. All the waste management facilities established by the Ramky Group is operated and maintained with high priority towards environment and occupational health and safety aspects. Where possible the operations have been automated or mechanized and all the staff working with the waste is provided with adequate and suitable personnel protective equipment and regular health checkups. 1.4 Brief description of nature, size, location of the project and its importance to the country and region The proposed project is targeted to treat and scientifically, safely dispose the hazardous, industrial, bio medical, e waste etc. along with spent solvents and other miscellaneous waste generated from various hazardous waste generating units of from different districts of Odisha state. The proposed project will be designed on lines to meet the following rules. The Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016. The Bio-Medical Waste Management Rules, 2016. The Plastic Waste Management Rules, 2016. E-Waste (Management) Rules, 2016. Battery management and handling rules 2010. As per the report released by the CPCB on inventory of hazardous waste generating industries (2009), Odisha state holds around 2754 industries of which, around 335 units generate hazardous waste which accounts to 96830 MTA as approximate total quantity of hazardous waste generated. Out of the total hazardous waste generated, 74351 MTA is land fillable, 4052 MTA is incinerable and 18427 MTA is recyclable waste. In Jajpur district alone, around 9689 MTA of hazardous waste is generated and presently only some quantity of this hazardous waste generated by industrial activities in and around Jajpur district is being treated by the existing TSDF. However, in many other districts, such hazardous, biomedical and e-waste generated are indiscriminately disposed in open areas or given to small time recyclers. Hence there is an immediate need for up gradation of the existing TSDF M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 1.6 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha and also for establishment of integrated facility to cater the future needs of waste disposal. The details of the project site are given under the Table 1.2 the location map of the project site is given as Figure 1.1. Topographical map of the study area is shown in Figure 1.2 and Google image of the project site is shown in Figure 1.3. Table 1.2 Features of the proposed project site Location Plot No. 420 / 648 / 1 under Khata no. 61 Village: Kanchichuan, Tahsil: Sukinda, District: Jajpur, Odisha. Geographical Coordinates 20°57'4.90"N 85°53'36.60"E Total Area 70 Acres Category of Project 7 (d) – Common Hazardous Waste Treatment, Storage and Disposal Facilities (TSDFs) Nearest Highway National Highway – 53, connecting Duburi along with SH-20 - 0.8 Km N Nearest Railway Station Sukinda Road Railway station - Connecting Cuttack and Jamshedpur - 16.3 Km E Nearest Airport Cuttack – 43 Km S Nearest Village Dalaki – 0.7 Km SE Nearest Water body Nuasahi Village Lake – 5.1 Km S Topography Relatively Plane (designated industrial land use) National Parks None in Study area. (Simillipal N.P. – 60 km NE) Wildlife Sanctuary None in Study area. (Hadgarh W.L. Sanctuary - 50 km NE) Major water bodies River Brahmani towards south 10 km Streams/Rivers Jamarha Nadi – 5.7 Km S Seismicity Seismic Zone III - Moderate Damage Risk (MSK VII) Total Project Cost Rs. 150 Crores M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 1.7 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha 1.4.1 Importance of the Project There is a growing concern all over the country for the disposal of hazardous wastes generated from anthropogenic sources. The waste generators find it difficult to dispose their hazardous wastes without causing environmental disturbance, as very few appropriate disposal facilities are available. The Government of India has promulgated the Hazardous Waste (Management & Handling) Rules in 1989 through the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MOEF) under the aegis of Environment (Protection) Act EPA Act 1986. Also in order to encourage the effective implementation of these rules, the MOEF&CC has further amended the rules several times with the emendation made in 2016 being the latest. The hazardous wastes need to be disposed of in a secured manner in view of their characteristic properties such as, toxicity, corrosivity, ignitability, reactivity and persistence. A wide range of health hazards have been attributed to their contamination. A number of options are available for the treatment and disposal of a variety of hazardous wastes; the options available for hazardous waste management are not being efficiently utilized by the waste generators resulting in severe pollution of land surface and ground water. At Treatment Storage Disposal Facility (TSDF), the wastes are collected from the waste generators, treated as per their characteristics and finally disposed of. More than one unit operation may be employed for the treatment and disposal of the wastes at TSDF. However, the selection of a suitable site for an effective functioning of TSDF is the key factor involved in the HWM. The site should be selected based upon several factors such as waste characteristics, site characteristics, public acceptance and prevailing laws & regulations. M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 1.8 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Figure 1.1 Location map of the site M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 1.9 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Figure 1.2 Topographical map of the study area M/s Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 1.10 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Figure 1.3 Google image of proposed project site 1.5 Scope of the Study The Scope of the study is to carry out the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) studies to identify, predict and evaluate potential environmental and socio-economic impacts which may result from the proposed Integrated Common Hazardous Waste Treatment, Storage, Disposal including Incineration & Recycling Facilities and to develop suitable Environment Management Plan (EMP) to mitigate the undesirable effects. The Study is aimed at: Establishing the existing environmental conditions, identifying potential environmental impacts and identifying areas of significant environmental concerns due to the proposed project; Prediction of impacts on environment, socio-economic conditions of the people etc. due to the proposed project. M/s Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 1.11 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Preparation of Environmental Management Plan (EMP) Development of post project environmental monitoring program. The EIA study shall be conducted as per the applicable rules/guidelines of Ministry of Environment and Forests, Govt. of India including general/sectoral provisions. The EIA study will necessarily include but not get restricted to the following: (a) Literature Review (b) Field Studies (c) Impact assessment and preparation of the EIA/EMP Stage A Establishing the relevant features of the project that are likely to have an impact on the environment during construction and operation phases. Stage B Assessment of likely emissions from the proposed facility and assessment of impacts using scientific tools to delineate post project scenario. Stage C Suggesting adequate pollution control measures to offset adverse impacts if any. Preparation of the EIA and EMP document. Defense of the study findings before the regulatory authorities. An outline of the activities carried out in stages A, B, C are briefly described below. Stage A The study area shall be up to 10 km radial distance from the proposed project with reference to air, water, soil, noise, Socio economic and ecological studies. The baseline environmental conditions shall be established using toposheets, through literature survey and field investigations. In addition to the above, information on the location of towns/cities, national parks, wildlife sanctuaries and ecologically sensitive areas like tropical forests, important lakes, bio-sphere reserves and sanctuaries within impact area shall be furnished. A review and analysis of the information available with various governmental, educational and other institutions shall be carried out for each discipline. Based upon preliminary review of the available data, detailed field work shall be planned to collect information on the parameters M/s Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 1.12 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha critical to characterize the environment of the area. The baseline environmental studies shall be undertaken for Meteorology, Air quality, Noise, Water Quality, Water Use, various aspects to be covered under different disciplines is as follows. 1) Meteorology Following meteorological parameters of the area shall be measured at the project site. In addition, data shall be collected from the nearest IMD observatory also for reference. Temperature Rainfall Relative humidity Wind speed and direction 2) Air Quality Ambient Air Quality shall be monitored at requisite number of locations considering the prevailing meteorological conditions, topography, nearby villages etc. The parameters for monitoring shall be PM10 and PM2.5, SO2, NOx, CO, NH3, O3, Lead, Nickel, Arsenic, Benzene & Benzo (a) Pyrene. Adequacy of the existing air pollution control measures shall be studied. 3) Noise Noise monitoring survey shall be carried out to characterize the noise environment in the study area. The noise level shall be measured using high level precision sound level meter at suggested number of locations. Attenuation model shall be developed to predict the noise level in the surrounding areas. 4) Water Surface water samples and ground water samples within study area shall be collected and analyzed for physic chemical analysis covering major, minor ions, some important heavy metals. 5) Land Environment Soil samples were collected from the plant site, not only at its immediate vicinity but also in the surrounding villages in a 10 km radial zone. Physico - chemical properties of the soils were determined. Information on land use pattern in the study area was also collected. Information M/s Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 1.13 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha regarding existing cropping pattern, their types and yield of the crop was collected from various sources. Based on the attenuation factors for dust, aerosols and air pollutants, green belt species have been identified. 6) Eco System Information on eco-system within 10 km radius was collected from the state agricultural and forest departments. The important flora species native to the area is enumerated. A test check survey was also under taken to judge the correctness of the data collected. 7) Socio Economic Environment A field survey was conducted within 10 km radius of the proposed project. The parameters selected under socio-economic component were demographic structure of the study area, provision of basic amenities, industries likely to come up in the study area, welfare facilities proposed by the project proponent, safety training and management, community and occupational health hazards. Relevant information was collected from selected villages and analyzed. Stage B Assessment of Environmental Impacts of Proposed Project With the knowledge of baseline conditions in the study area and proposed project activities, impact on the environment shall be discussed in detail covering air emissions, discharge of liquid effluents and particulates emission during construction, noise & solid waste generation etc. Detailed projections shall be made to reflect influence of the proposed project on different environmental components. Assessment of potential damage to terrestrial and aquatic flora and fauna due to air emissions, discharge of effluents, noise pollution, ash disposal, and change in land use pattern, habitat degradation and fragmentation, anthropogenic activities from the proposed project an delineation of guidelines to minimize adverse impacts is to be done. Assessment of economic benefits arising out of the project shall be done. M/s Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 1.14 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Stage C Environmental Management Plan At this stage, it may become apparent that certain mitigation measures are necessary to offset the impacts from the proposed project. Environmental management plan and pollution control measures shall be necessary to meet the requirements of the regulatory agencies. Environmental Management Plan shall consist of mitigation measures for item-wise activity to be undertaken for construction and operation of the facility for its entire life cycle to minimize adverse environmental impacts. It shall also delineate the environmental monitoring plan for compliance of various environmental regulations. 1.5.1 EIA Report Based on the proposed TOR and additional TOR issued by MOEFCC, the EIA report is prepared covering generic structure of Environmental Impact Assessment notification. The chronological events for obtaining EC happened are given in Table 1.3 Table 1.3 Chronology of Events for Obtaining EC Form 1 along with Pre-Feasibility report uploaded Proposal No. IA/OR/MIS/65626/2017 MOEFCC online portal to obtain TOR dated 12th June 2017 Presented before EAC Committee for obtaining F. No 10-10/2009-1A-III(Pt.) TOR EAC (infra -2) in its 21st meeting held on 21-24 August, 2017 TOR Granted F. No 10-231/2015-1A.III(Pt.) dated on 12th September 2017 M/s Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 1.15 CHAPTER 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Chapter 2 Project Description 2.1 Type of the Project The Proposed Project is an expansion of existing operational TSDF facility and development of Integrated Common Hazardous Waste Treatment, Storage, Disposal and Recycling Facilities including incineration for industrial, biomedical, e-waste, used acid batteries, etc., at Kanchichuan Village, Sukinda Tehsil, Jajpur district, Odisha. As per EIA Notification S.O. No 1533 dated 14th Sep 2006 and its subsequent amendments, the proposed project falls under Project / Activity 7 (d) Common Hazardous Waste Treatment, Storage and Disposal Facility (TSDFs), Category “A” (All integrated facilities having incineration & landfill or incineration alone). The proposed ICHWTSDF is aimed to cater the needs for safe and scientific disposal of industrial, hazardous and biomedical wastes generated from industries and health care units throughout the state. The salient features of the project are given in Table 2.1 below. Table 2.1 Salient Features of the project S.no Parameters Description 1 Land Possession Industrial Development Corporation of Odisha (IDCO) has handed over 70 acre of Govt. land situated in Kanchichuan village in Jajpur District on 3rd Feb. 2009. 2 Total ICHWTSDF Area 70 Acres 3 Category of Project 7 (d) Common Hazardous Waste Treatment, Storage and Disposal Facility (TSDFs), Category “A” (All integrated facilities having incineration & landfill or incineration alone). 4 Project proposed Expansion of existing common hazardous waste treatment storage and disposal facility to Integrated common hazardous waste treatment, storage and disposal including incineration & recycling facilities 6 Environmental File No.10-10/2007-IA.III, Dated: 2nd June 2009 M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 2.1 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Clearance for CHWTSDF 8 Plot no./Survey no. Plot No. 420 / 648 / 1 under Khata no. 61, Kanchichuan Village , Jajpur district, Odisha. 9 Coordinates 20°57'4.90"N 85°53'36.60"E 10 Elevation 60 meters above MSL 11 Water requirement Net water requirement is 170 KLD. Source : Ground water/tankers 12 Power Power is fetched from North Eastern Electricity Supply Company of Odisha Limited. 500 KVA DG set is maintained for emergency as an alternative source. 13 Coverage Area Waste from all districts of Odisha 14 Total Project Cost Project cost is Rs. 150 Crores 2.2 Need for the Project Though the economy of Odisha state is majorly agrarian in nature, in recent years it has taken major strides in industrial development. The primary industries in Odisha are manufacturing; mining & quarrying; electricity, gas & water supply and construction. The industrial growth in the state has mostly taken place in the areas where raw materials, water and power are available. Major industries in Odisha presently include integrated steel plant at Rourkela, Kalinga Nagar, Jharsuguda and Angul; NALCO (National Aluminum Company Ltd.) with its alumina plant at Damanjodi & aluminum smelting complex at Angul; thermal power plants at Talcher & Ib valley area etc. In addition to these industries, fertilizer plants, pulp & paper industries, ferro alloys plants, cement plants etc. are also active and operational in the state. A number of new large and medium enterprises are also in the pipeline for implementation both in various districts of the state. The Govt. of Odisha has also declared Kalinganagar Industrial complex as the industrial growth center wherein a good number of large and medium enterprises are being implemented. . Industrial operations lead to considerable generation of hazardous waste. Hazardous wastes from the existing and upcoming industrial sectors mentioned above contain heavy metals, cyanides, pesticides, complex aromatic compounds (such as PCBs), and other chemicals which are toxic, flammable, reactive, corrosive or have explosive properties affecting the environment. M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 2.2 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha 2.2.1 Justification of the Project The integrated treatment facility proposed is among the recent advances of technology and research. Its implementation would provide a ‘one stop’ solution for Treatment, Storage & Disposal Facility for various kinds of wastes like the industrial, hazardous and biomedical wastes. The proposed facility being a centralized treatment, storage and disposal facility for hazardous wastes from different industries, will create a clean environment by avoiding the indiscriminate dumping of waste in open sites which pollutes the air, land and water; the toxic, corrosive and reactive emissions which affect the health and environment through generation of toxic gases and obnoxious odors and finally it will also ensure the preservation of flora and fauna of the surrounding regions. 2.3 Location of the Project OWMP proposes to setup an Integrated Common Hazardous Waste Treatment, Storage & Disposal Facility in 70 acres land within existing CHWTSDF in Kanchichuan village, Jajpur district. The nearest village from the proposed site is Kanchichuan (Approx. 2 km) and the nearest railway station is Jajpur Road Railway Station (26 km) and the nearest airport is Bhubaneswar Airport (90 km). Nearest highways from the proposed site are NH-53, connecting Duburi (SH-20). The Google image of the proposed site is given in Figure 2.1 and topographical map of 10 km radius is shown in Figure 2.2. The Figure 2.3 layout map of the proposed facility is presented in and site photographs are presented in Figures 2.4. M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 2.3 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Figure 2.1 Google image of proposed project site with 2 Km radius M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 2.4 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Figure 2.2 Topographical map (10 km radius) M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 2.5 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Figure 2.3 Layout map of proposed ICHWTSDF M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 2.6 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Figure 2.4 Site photographs M/s Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited, Hyderabad 2.7 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha 2.3.1 Capacities of the Proposed Project The proposed project capacities are given in Table 2.2. A list of common facilities is given in Table 2.3. Table 2.2 Proposed Project Capacities S. No Name of the Facility Current Consent Proposed Capacity capacity 1 Secured landfill (DLF) 75,000 TPA 82.0 TPD 2 Treatment/Stabilization (LAT) (approx. 205 TPD) 411.0 TPD 3 Incineration (INC)- common for HW & BMW -- 27.0 TPD 4 Bio Medical Waste -- 12.5 TPD 5 Alternative Fuel and Raw Material (AFRF) -- 55.0 TPD 6 E waste -- 82.0 TPD 7 Used Oil Recycling -- 54.0 KLPD 8 Spent Solvent Recycling -- 27.0 KLPD 9 Lead Recycling Facility -- 65.0 TPD 10 Paper Recycling -- 10.0 TPD 11 Plastic Recycling -- 10.0 TPD Project expansion cost Rs. 150 crores M/s Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited, Hyderabad 2.8 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Table 2.3 List of proposed common facilities Tag No Description Of Unit Size Quantity MoC 1 Guard Room 3.46 x 3.46 m 1 RCC 2 Weigh Bridge 4.63 x 2.93 m 1 RCC 3 Under Ground Sump (50 kl.) 7.00 x 7.00 m 1 RCC 4 Transformer Yard 7.00 x 14.00 m 1 -- 5 D.G. Electrical Panel Room 6.23 x 10.23 1 RCC 6 Administration Cum Lab Building 31.76 x 30.45 m 1 RCC 7 Sample Collection Platform 4.25 x 1.76 m 1 RCC 8 General Stores 12.23 x 18.23 m 1 PEB 9 Temporary Waste Stores 18.23 x 30.23 m 1 PEB 10 Waste Stabilization Unit 18.23 x 30.23 m 1 PEB 11 Intractable Waste Stores 24.23 x 30.23 m 1 PEB 12 Incinerable Waste Stores 18.23 x 30.23 m 1 PEB 13 Garage Building 20.46 x 10.46 m 1 PEB 14 Vehicle Parking Area 18.00 x 30.00 m 1 -- 15 Toilet block 3.00 x 4.00 m 1 RCC 16 Overhead Tank 50.0 kl 1 RCC 17 Vehicle Wheel Wash 25.00 x 5. 00 m 1 RCC 18 Leachate Collection Pond 16.00 x 28.00 m 1 -- 19 Rain Water Collection Pond 16.00 x 28.00 m 1 -- 20 Fire Fighting Sump 20.00 x 10.00 m 1 RCC 21 Canteen 6.46 x 10.46 m 1 RCC 22 Workers Quarters 20.23 x 7.23 m 1 RCC 23 Tank Farm 14.65 x 3.96 m 1 RCC 24 PCC/MCC/PLC 15.23 x 5.46 1 RCC 25 Fire hydrant 15.80 x 8.00 1 RCC 26 Truck Parking 100 Sqm 1 -- 27 Transformer Yard 80 Sqm 1 -- 2.4 Size of Operation and its Associated Activities The TSDF existing in Odisha Waste Management Project has proposed for up gradation of capacity along with expansion to Integrated Hazardous Waste Treatment Storage Disposal facility including Incinerator and Recycle Facility within the present 70 acres land in Jajpur district, Odisha. The detailed breakup of the land required for various activities are given in Table 2.4. M/s Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited, Hyderabad 2.9 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Table 2.4 Land area breakup S. No. Utility Area in Sq.m Area in Acres % of Area 1 Secured Landfill A Secured Landfill Cell-1 54187 13.40 19.14 B Secured Landfill Cell-2 32779 8.19 11.7 2 Bio-Medical Facility 3966 0.98 1.4 3 Recycling Facilities 3966 0.98 1.4 4 Roads 32779 8.1 11.6 5 Greenbelt 93482 23.1 33.0 6 Common Facilities 7365 1.8 2.6 Area Left for Future 7 54308 13.4 19.16 Expansion Total 282832 70 100 2.4.1 Required Manpower A detail of the skilled and unskilled manpower for the proposed project during construction and operational phase is given below in Table 2.5. Table 2.5 Manpower requirement details S. Required Manpower Details Remarks No. (No) 1 Skilled 40 Permanent staff 2 Semi/Un-Skilled 110 On contract Total 150 2.4.2 Water Requirement Water requirement for the project will be met through the bore wells within the boundary premises/ village panchayat supply. The details of the water requirement are given in Table 2.6. M/s Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited, Hyderabad 2.10 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Table 2.6 Water requirement S. No Process/Facility Water Requirement (KLD) 1 Secured Land Fill 23 2 BMW + Incinerator +plant-wet & venture 55 scrubber 3 Boiler for solvent/used oil recovery 30 4 Plastic, Paper, Lead recycling & E waste 3 5 Leachate 0 6 Domestic 8 7 Truck wheel wash 1 8 Greenbelt 50 Total 170 2.4.3 Power and Fuel Requirement The details of the power required for operation of the facility and fuel required for running DG sets for emergency use during power failure are given in Table 2.7. Table 2.7 Power and fuel requirement Details Capacity Remarks From North Eastern Electricity Supply Power 1000 kVA Company of Odisha Ltd. (NESCO) Auxiliary Fuel for Incinerator 2 Kl./Day From Local Dealers HSD/Furnace Oil DG Set 500 KVA DG set is used for emergency power backup, fuel will be procured from local Diesel 0.7 KL/Day dealers 2.5 Process Description of Hazardous Wastes The hazardous wastes to be handled by the proposed project are expected to comprise the following groups: M/s Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited, Hyderabad 2.11 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Waste oil/used oil/skimmed oil/oily sludge ETP sludge Sludge from water treatment plants Discarded containers used for chemicals and hazardous substances Date expired / off specific /discarded chemicals and products Ash from Hazardous waste incineration Sludge generation from processing of waste water from recovery/ reuse/ recycle Miscellaneous waste like used cotton, gloves, gum boots Contaminated filter / filter bags Contaminate centrifuge bags Spent activated carbon and any other waste Tank bottoms residues Spent catalysts Process dust Dust / particulate from exhaust / flue gas treatment Sulphur sludge Oil contaminated earth Resin residues Asbestos containing waste Sludge from solar ponds Spent / used lead acid batteries Alkaline and acidic and paint sludges Spent resins from DM plant Distillation residue / Tarry Waste Cooling water sludge Depending on the nature of the hazardous waste and its characteristic, various types of treatment and disposal methods have been proposed according to the standards. ETP sludges can go to landfill either directly or after stabilization. Still bottom residues, process residues and other organic wastes can be sent for incineration including spent carbon depending on the characteristics of the impurities. Incineration ash, slags, asbestos and glass fibers are essentially inorganic in nature and can go to landfill directly or with simple stabilization techniques. Spent catalysts and resins would have to be characterized on a case-by-case basis to assess their nature and characteristics. However, the percentage of wastes generated through these sources is likely to be very small as most of it is taken back by the manufacturers. Salts will have to be bagged and land filled. M/s Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited, Hyderabad 2.12 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Based on the above compiled information wastes have been classified by their pathway of disposal: o Wastes going to direct landfill o Wastes that require stabilization prior to landfill o Wastes requiring storage until alternate economically viable techniques are made available. o Wastes requiring incineration with or without pre treatment Recycling Facilities: The various types of wastes are used to recycle or recovery by the proposed project is expected to comprise the following: E waste such as TVs, monitors of computer etc., Spent Solvents o Isopropyl alcohol o Butanol o Toluene etc., Waste oil such as Lubricants, Transformer oil etc., Liquid type incinerable waste Solid type incinerable waste Lead acid Battery Waste paper/plastic The existing TSDF facility is set up based on the guidelines prescribed by the CPCB and the proposed new integrated facilities also shall follow the same relate to daily activities associated with the operations of TSDF: The secured landfilling is done only during day light hours. The landfill is staged in cells so that the minimum practical area of waste is exposed and maximum practical area of waste has the final cap in place i.e., progressive filling and capping of the landfill ensuring minimization of infiltration of wastes The weigh bridge at the main entrance is set to record all movements and weights and receive waste tracking receipt as required by the waste manifest system. The standpipe forming part of the leachate collection system is checked regularly for the presence of leachate. Once leachate is detected it is regularly pumped out and transferred to the leachate treatment facility on-site. The level of leachate in the standpipe shall not be allowed to rise above the level of the leachate collection system. Materials Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) for every chemical used or handled at the landfill is provided on the premises. M/s Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited, Hyderabad 2.13 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Monitoring and auditing of the facility is performed on a periodic basic and would continue by including the proposed new facilties. Existing met-station continuously records the meteorological data. A security system is maintained to avoid trespassing & hazard to public. Once a waste is received at the TSDF, a sample of waste is collected at the sampling bay/temporary storage facility and is subjected to laboratory analysis based on which its pathway of treatment/ disposal is determined. A waste manifest system has been developed in accordance with the requirement of the regulatory agencies to cover the transportation of the waste to TSDF and to provide for record of waste manifestation. The manifest system would comply with the HOWM Rules, 2016. An inventory is maintained with the details of the arrival and departure dates, waste loads in and out from the intractable waste storage area etc. 2.5.1 Laboratory Facilities A well-established laboratory already exists in the OWMP site and this will be used to carry out comprehensive analyses of hazardous wastes like the finger print analysis and treatability studies to decide on the disposal path way as per the waste acceptance criteria. 2.5.2 Collection and Transportation Vehicles owned by the OWMP complying with the standards prescribed by CPCB are already in operation of collection and transportation of wastes and further new vehicles would be purchased and provided as per demand. Type of vehicles used will be based on the relevant capacity (Crane mounted / containerized collection and loading vehicles /covered trucks / trucks having pneumatic loading / unloading arrangements). The manifest system and TREM card system will comply with the HOWM Rules 2016. Minimum SSC qualified experienced drivers are engaged for the purpose. They are trained in operating the manifest system and management of TREM card system. As a practice a trained driver and helper are employed to accompany the truck to ensure that the manifest system and TREM card arrangement are properly maintained. Drivers and helpers are trained to take care of pollution arising out of emergency and first aid in case of injuries. Based on need for proposed expansion of facility, more drivers and helpers would be employed. M/s Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited, Hyderabad 2.14 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Washing of tanker/ container and disposal of effluent: Each container of vehicle is thoroughly washed prior to being sent to the industry for collection of wastes. The collected water is treated and taken to the leachate treatment facility. The manifest system contains information regarding: Details of waste generator Details of waste transporter Quantitative and qualitative description of waste materials. Consistency of the waste Waste category number and characteristics Precautionary measures for handling the wastes Emergency procedures to be followed. All records in respect of TSDF operations would be maintained as per the Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016. 2.5.3 Storages Temporary storage facility is available in the existing unit at the facility primarily to store the wastes upon receipt until its pathway of waste disposal is determined. The temporary waste storage facility records the details of each shipment of waste separately and ensures that wastes do not get mixed with each other. This is to ensure that incompatible wastes are kept segregated. Compatible wastes that can be mixed with others and those that can be stored in drums/containers are kept away from incompatible wastes. Incinerable wastes are stored separately in a shed following compatibility and labeling of the wastes. CPCB guidelines for the storage of incinerable wastes are being followed. Intractable wastes, which do not meet the criteria for landfill disposal or treatment or incineration, would be stored separately in a suitable area allotted for storage of these categories of waste until alternate viable treatment technologies are identified and become available. Proper ventilation is provided to prevent accumulation of hazardous gases. The floor is made up of concrete slab which is impermeable, non-reactive material properly bunded and graded towards one corner for the collection of accidental spillage and leakage. M/s Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited, Hyderabad 2.15 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha The storage area is built in such a way so as to avoid inundation. Bunding and/or drains are provided around the storage area to avoid storm water entering into this area. Fire control equipment are installed, at appropriate places based on the characteristics of the waste and priority positions. 2.5.4 Waste Disposable Operations 2.5.4.1 Waste Stabilization Waste stabilization is designed to convert industrial wastes in the form of liquids, semi- solids or reactive solids into low leachable materials that can be deposited into a secured landfill. The stabilization operation will be carried out for all waste that requires this to minimize their contaminant leaching potential. This will change the nature of these wastes to a less hazardous category. Stabilization involves the immobilization of leachable materials by fixation as non-reactive solids. The treated wastes is assessed for compatibility with other wastes before being landfill and for compatibility with the HDPE and the pipe network. The term stabilization covers a number of mechanisms including: Immobilization / Chemical Fixation – the chemical binding of contaminants within a cementing structure to reduce the mobility or leachability of the waste. Encapsulation – the occlusion or entrapment of contaminant particles within a solid matrix. Solidification – the conversion of slurries that do not readily de-water, into solids by addition of adsorption agents. Typical reagents that would be used for the stabilization process include cement, lime, fly ash, bentonite clay, saw dust and other. Where required sodium silicate solution would be used as an additive binding agent. The reagent to be used for stabilization are decided depending upon the type of the waste to be stabilized, price and availability. These regents are generally stored in sufficient quantities. The Infrastructure for the stabilization unit would include: Storage facilities for regents Tanks/drums for storage of reagents as required Stabilization bins for mixing the wastes Earth moving equipment for movement of wastes and mixing. Place for curing the treated waste M/s Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited, Hyderabad 2.16 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Trucks for hauling the wastes. Treatment facility utilizes a range of techniques and processes designed to change the physical, chemical or biological characteristics of the waste. This may include changing the composition so as to neutralize the waste, to recover energy or natural resources from the waste, to render the waste non-hazardous or less hazardous, safer to transport, store, or dispose of or to reduce its volume. Typical operations at Stabilization unit are as follows: Waste reception Reagent addition Mixing Curing Analysis of the stabilized wastes Approval by the laboratory for disposal Transfer of the waste materials to the truck Disposal in the secured landfill Application criteria: A study of the waste characteristics carried out as an integral part of the project indicates the following applicability to the process described below in Table 2.8 Table 2.8 Stabilization mechanism based on waste characteristics Mechanism Applicability Immobilization / Heavy metal and metal plating sludge Chemical Fixation Copper-chromium-arsenic wood preservative wastes Mercury waste Bag house dust Tannery wastes Spent catalysts Others Solidification Effluent treatment plant sludge Oil and paint sludge Bitumen wastes Textile industry sludge Wool scouring slurries Others Encapsulation Aluminum powder Asbestos Filer aids Others M/s Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited, Hyderabad 2.17 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha 2.5.4.2 Secured Landfill A secured landfill which is already present at OWMP at existing TSDF facility is designed and constructed to contain the waste material and any leachate which is formed by the entrapped moisture or by infiltration of rainfall. To meet these requirements the base of the landfill has been designed as an engineered liner constructed prior to the placement of waste and also an engineered capping over the surface after completion of filling to minimize the infiltration of rainfall. Two large cells of area have been allotted for secured landfilling with 13.4 and 8.15 acres area each, which comprise of around 30.2% of the total area proposed for ICHWTSDF. The existing landfill has been constructed complying with the CPCB set standards and the proposed landfill would also be constructed following the same. The base liner of the landfill containment system is a double composite liner with synthetic geo-membrane plus clay with adequate leachate collection system incorporated at the base to collect and remove the leachate. HDPE pipes are embedded in drainage layers of sand/ gravel and /or geonet/ geotextile. Above the secondary base liner, a primary liner comprising of primarily clay layer and HDPE membrane which will prevent infiltration into the secondary layer is made. A leachate collection and removal system is also placed over the primary liner to collect and remove any leachate generated by infiltration of precipitation or by the moisture entrapped in the waste. This makes the secondary system to serve as a leak detection system and an early warning of potential future liabilities to necessitate action for remediation. Above the drainage system of the primary liner a geo- textile filter is placed to act as a filter/ barrier between the waste and the drainage system. This entire system would make the base liner a double composite liner meeting the national laws. Clay Liner consists of a varying proportions of hydrated aluminum silicates (e.g. kaolnite, bentonite, illite and montmorillonite) which, when properly compacted, form a soil mass with a very low hydraulic conductivity. The clay material for use as the liner at this landfill is analyzed and permeability testing is carried out to ascertain its low permeability. Design permeability of the clay liner has been fixed at 10–09 m/s and with availability of clay liner; we will be able to achieve better results than the design values. Placement of clay liner is most critical in terms of its efficiency of functioning. Clay should be placed in layers not M/s Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited, Hyderabad 2.18 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha exceeding 200-mm and is compacted to attain the required permeability. The clay layer after attaining the 0.45m thickness should be then checked for its permeability. Further to this, clay is kept moist to ensure that it does not dry up and cause cracks to the lining system. To ensure this we intend to keep the clay for the purpose at +4% wet of optimum moisture content. Synthetic Liners consists of various synthetic flexible membrane liners have been considered for use as the primary liner at the proposed landfill. Both Poly-Vinyl Chloride (PVC) and High – Density Polyethylene (HDPE) liners are generally suitable for this landfill. Tensile strength is a fundamental design consideration in order to assess the ability of the liner to resist uniaxial and biaxial strains, which occurs in the landfill. Another stress strain consideration is the coefficient of thermal expansion. Considering various membrane properties it is decided to use HDPE liner with appropriate thickness as primary liner for the base of the landfill. HDPE was selected for the following reasons: Adequate strength to withstand mechanical strength during construction, placement and operations. Acceptable weathering performance. Superior physical properties under chemical and environmental exposure to wastes Capability to withstand the seaming process. The hydraulic conductivity of HDPE is of the order of 0.5X10–16 m/sec, which is effectively impermeable. Construction of the seam welding process is subjected to strict QA/QC measures to ensure the integrity of the liner. Secure Landfill is the final placement area for land fillable hazardous wastes which are treated or wastes does not require treatment. Waste directly or after treatment will be disposed in the landfill as per the laboratory advice. Waste will be spread in the landfill using heavy earth machinery and then compacted using vibro compactor. At the end of the landfill operations 10 – 15 cm soil cover is placed as a daily cover. During rainy season a flexible geo-membrane cover is placed over the uncapped area of the landfill minimize infiltration of rainfall into the landfill; the rain water is diverted to join the surface water drains. At the end of the total landfill operations the final capping is done M/s Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited, Hyderabad 2.19 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha using composite liner with clay and synthetic geo-membrane, with vegetative soil cover grass cover. The cross section of the landfill meeting MOEF Guidelines is given in Figure 2.5. Figure 2.5 Cross section of the landfill 2.5.4.3 Leachate Management Leachate generated from the landfills is effectively collected and treated off without causing any adverse effect to the environment. Leachate treatment at the existing TSDF is done through solar evaporation pan of the wastewater and is done in forced evaporation system constructed for the purpose and the residue is reprocessed as hazardous solid waste. A very critical aspect in wastewater management would be minimization of generation of leachate/ wastewater. To minimize the same, a maximum portion of the landfill covered especially during the monsoon, thus minimizing the generation of leachate. Liner System Specifications: double composite liner as explained in landfill section Capping Arrangement: is made as defined in landfill section Monsoon capping: Yes, during monsoon the facility is under monsoon covers. M/s Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited, Hyderabad 2.20 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Primary collection System: 300-mm drainage media with lateral and header pipes Secondary Collection System: 300-mm drainage media with lateral and header pipes/geo net Leachate collection and removal is provided above the geo-membrane in two layers viz. the primary and the secondary liner. The primary liner serves as leachate collection and removal system, while the secondary liner serves as leak detection system and a signal of potential liabilities in terms of environmental pollution. Leachate is collected by a network of lateral and header pipes embedded in a drainage layer, all of which eventually drain into a leachate collection sump. The collected leachate is transferred to a leachate treatment system. Leachate, thus collected is transferred to the solar evaporation system and the residue after decanting is subjected back to the land filling process. The leachate collection system in an engineered landfill takes the form of an under-drain beneath the waste material it is required to ensure there is no more than a limited head of pressure above the base liner to cause leakage of liquid from the base of the landfill. The design maximum pressure head in the proposed landfill is limited to 300 mm. Drainage is affected by a layer of about 300 mm thick of graded sand/gravel having a high permeability. Within this layer a network of HDPE pipes are placed to collect leachate and conduct it quickly to the collection sump for removal from landfill. The pipes are typically perforated only over the upper half to allow the leachate to enter the pipe and thereafter to be contained within the pipe network system. The layout of the pipe network generally includes sufficient redundancy to ensure that if a blockage occurs somewhere in the network the leachate simply backs-up a little then flows into the system a little further up- gradient. Two layers of the leachate collection system is provided one over the other. Slotting area of the pipe is done only on the top 120o portion of the pipe and to an extent of 100 Sq. cm per running meter of the pipe. The key design features of the leachate collection system to be installed at the proposed landfill comprise the following: M/s Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited, Hyderabad 2.21 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha A network of semi perforated HDPE pipes is laid out directly over the primary and secondary liners and graded towards the collection sump at no less that 1 and 2% slope, with a slotting area of 100 Sq. Cm per running meter of the pipe. A drainage layer 300mm thick of graded sand/gravel placed over the entire base of the landfill, covering the pipe network. A geo-textile placed over the primary liner serving the purpose of filter/ barrier between the waste and the drainage media. The pipe has sufficient strength to withstand the load imposed by the overlying waste and the earth moving activities associated with the placement and the compaction of the waste (Min 6 Kg/ Sq.cm). The main pipe (headers) feeding leachate to the sump should have the capability to be cleaned out in case of clogging. However, the design includes sufficient redundancy of pipe work to ensure alternative drainage paths that are available in the event of localized clogging of any part of the system. Leachate treatment plant design is discussed in the subsequent section. Quantity of leachate generated from landfill: I = P – PCR/O – AET +/- S Where, I - Rate of infiltration P - Precipitation PCR/O - Coefficient of runoff AET - Actual evapo-transpiration S - Soil moisture content retention capacity Empirically, For capped portion of landfill: I = 0.01 P For uncapped portion of landfill: I = 0.07 P Landfill with temporary cover: I = 0.3 P Drainage of surface run-off, its collection, treatment (if required based on pre-determined criteria) and disposal: Network of open channels have been designed and constructed around the land fill to intercept surface runoff of rainwater and divert it around the facility or collect it for the use at the facility or for disposal. Storm water collected on the land fill site will be directed to a M/s Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited, Hyderabad 2.22 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha first flush retention pond which is designed for a sufficient capacity to cover a 1in 100 years 10 minutes storm event. Storm water drainage system Storm water drainage is one of the main components of landfill facility. The arrangement is such that the storm water from landfill facility has to be collected effectively in drainage system and conveyed away from facility quickly. Storm water drain is of trapezoidal shape / rectangular with concrete/Pitching. The inside part of drain has to be plastered with cement mortar. Storm water drain is constructed all along between the road and the green belt. First flush retention Pond: Surface water runoff is a significant component in a landfill design and is clearly designed. The design includes a garland drainage system all around the landfill which is lined and is connected to a storm water collection pond. Water collected in the pond is tested for storm water quality parameters and if it meets the discharge standards is discharged, otherwise the same is considered as leachate and sent to the leachate treatment plant. 2.5.5 Incinerator Incineration is an ultimate treatment process, applied to certain wastes that cannot be recycled, reused or safely deposited into a landfill. It is a high temperature, thermal destruction oxidation process in which hazardous wastes are converted in the presence of oxygen in air into gases and incombustible solid residue. The gases are vented into the atmosphere with cleaning as deemed necessary while the solid residue is sent to landfill for disposal. The proposed incinerator would cater for the disposal/ destruction of the following wastes: Spent solvents Waste oils, oil emulsions and oil mixtures Pesticide wastes Refinery wastes Pharmaceutical wastes Phenolic wastes M/s Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited, Hyderabad 2.23 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Grease and wax wastes Organic wastes containing halogens, sulphur, phosphorous or nitrogen compounds Solid materials contaminated with oils. Organics with high calorific value The primary objective of incinerator is to destroy the wastes as completely as possible, to have end products (solids and gases) that are harmless when released from the incinerator and to minimize the formation of new hazardous organic compounds. To achieve the same the incinerator is proposed with sufficient temperature, time and turbulence and in presence of excess air. Incinerator is the facility for final disposal of incinerable wastes. Wastes which are not suitable for disposal in the landfill and are candidates for incineration are disposed in the incinerator. The wastes is pre-processed in case of necessary for making it uniform calorific value and maintain the norms of halogen concentrations less than 1% and all. Wastes are fed through cart dumper and ram feeder into the rotary kiln and the hot gases are sent to the secondary combustion chamber. The residence time and the desired temperatures are maintained at both primary and secondary combustion chambers for complete combustion as per CPCB guidelines for hazardous waste incineration. The gases after complete combustion are sent to spray drier / evaporative cooler for cooling followed by gas cleaning equipment. The gases are passed through multi cyclones for removal of particulates. Then dry lime and activated carbon are injected for neutralization of acidic gases and removal of organic constituents if any. The flue gases then passed through bag filters for complete removal particulates and then through wet alkaline scrubber for neutralization. The flue gases after completely cleaned in all respects are sent out through a 30 m stack. The ash generated during the combustion process and collected at the bottom of the hopper will be send to landfill facility. The typical layout of the incinerator is shown in Figure 2.6 M/s Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited, Hyderabad 2.24 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Figure 2.6 Typical layout of incinerator 2.6 Bio Medical Waste Growth in population, industrialization and changing life styles and food habits have brought with it various health related issues. More and more people are suffering from ailments. Alongside this is the growing awareness towards utilizing proper medical facilities. This has created the need for a whole range of health care establishments, hospitals, clinics, laboratories which are generating “Bio-Medical Wastes” that are incompatible with the environment. These wastes need professional attention for effective management as the infectious nature of the waste can cause irreparable damage to the human health and the environment. It has become imperative to monitor and control the management and handling of these wastes. The concern about disposal of infectious wastes generated by the hospitals is increasing rapidly due to the fear of the spread of viruses such as Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) and Hepatitis B. These wastes (bio-medical wastes generated from health care establishments) present a high risk of causing potential damage to the human health M/s Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited, Hyderabad 2.25 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha and the environment by way of spreading. To prevent the spread of such infectious wastes that finds its genesis in bio-medical wastes (from hospitals, clinics, laboratories, dispensaries etc.) a scientific approach is required. It is essential that professionally trained personnel should handle the wastes and that the wastes should be disposed scientifically. To enable effective management and handling of the bio-medical wastes, the Ministry of Environment and Forests Climate Change (MOEFCC) has issued regulations for the management and handling of these wastes. In response to these rules, Government and major Private Hospitals initiated their arrangements for treatment and disposal of bio- medical wastes. However, the smaller nursing homes, clinics and other similar institutions which do not have or can afford such facilities need alternate modalities and arrangements to dispose their wastes, in accordance with the latest amended waste handling and management rules. In view of the difficulties faced by private hospitals, nursing homes and clinics that could not make their own arrangements due to high cost involved in setting up treatment and disposal facilities, the need for a centralized system for treatment was felt. Consequentially, in September 2003, the Central Pollution Control Board enunciated the “Guidelines for Common Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility” which in addition to providing common facilities discouraged the setup of individual incineration facilities by health care establishments. 2.6.1 Categories of Bio Medical Waste as per BMW rules Categories of Bio Medical Waste is given in the Table 2.9 below M/s Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited, Hyderabad 2.26 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Table 2.9 Categories of biomedical waste with treatment and disposal options Category Type of Waste Type of Bag or Treatment and Disposal options Treatment and Disposal Container to be (as per Bio-Medical Waste Option to be adopted at used Management Rules, 2016) the proposed CBWTF Yellow (a)Human Anatomical Waste Yellow coloured Incineration or Plasma Pyrolysis Incineration Human tissues, organs, body parts and non-chlorinated or deep burial fetus below the viability period (as per plastic bags the Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act 1971, amended from time to time). (b)Animal Anatomical Waste Incineration Experimental animal carcasses, body parts, organs, tissues, including the waste generated from animals used in experiments or testing in veterinary hospitals or colleges or animal houses. (c) Soiled Waste Incineration deep burial or Incineration Items contaminated with blood, body Plasma Pyrolysis or fluids like dressings, plaster casts, In absence of above facilities, cotton swabs and bags containing Autoclaving or micro-waving/ residual or discarded blood and blood hydroclaving followed by components. shredding or mutilation or combination of sterilization and shredding. Treated waste to be sent for energy recovery. M/s Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited, Hyderabad 2.27 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha (d)Expired or Discarded Medicines Yellow coloured Expired cytotoxic drugs and items Incineration Pharmaceutical waste non-chlorinated contaminated with cytotoxic Like antibiotics, cytotoxic drugs plastic bags or drugs to be returned back to the including all items contaminated with containers manufacturer or supplier for cytotoxic drugs along with glass or incineration at plastic ampoules, vials etc temperature>12000C or to common bio-medical waste treatment facility or hazardous waste treatment, storage and disposal facility for incineration at >12000C or Encapsulation or Plasma Pyrolysis at >12000C. All other discarded medicines is either sent back to manufacturer or disposed by incineration. (e)Chemical Waste Yellow coloured Disposed of by incineration or Incineration Chemicals used in production of containers or Plasma Pyrolysis or Encapsulation biological and used or discarded non-chlorinated in hazardous waste treatment, disinfectants. plastic bags storage and disposal facility. (f)Chemical Liquid Waste: Separate After resource recovery, the Not accepted at the Liquid waste generated due to use of collection chemical liquid waste is pre- CBWTF chemicals in production of biological system leading treated before mixing with other and used or discarded disinfectants, to effluent wastewater. The combined Silver X-ray film developing liquid, treatment system discharge shall conform to the discarded Formalin, infected secretions, discharge norms aspirated body fluids, liquid from laboratories and floor washings, cleaning, house-keeping and disinfecting activities etc. M/s Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited, Hyderabad 2.28 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha (g)Discarded linen, Non-chlorinated Non- chlorinated chemical Incineration mattresses, beddings yellow plastic disinfection followed by contaminated with bags or suitable incineration or Plasma Pyrolysis blood or body fluid. packing material or for energy recovery. In absence of above facilities, shredding or mutilation or combination of Sterilization and shredding. Treated waste to be sent for energy recovery or incineration or Plasma Pyrolysis. (h)Microbiology, Biotechnology and Autoclave safe Pre-treat to sterilize with non- Incineration other clinical laboratory waste: Blood plastic bags or chlorinated chemicals on-site as bags Laboratory cultures, stocks or containers per National AIDS Control specimens of micro- organisms, live Organisation or World Health or attenuated vaccines, human and Organisation guidelines animal cell cultures used in research, thereafter for Incineration. industrial laboratories, production of biological, residual toxins, dishes and devices used for cultures. Red Contaminated Waste (Recyclable) Red coloured non- Autoclaving or micro-waving/ Autoclave (a) Wastes generated from disposable chlorinated plastic hydroclaving followed by items such as tubing, bottles, bags or containers shredding or mutilation or intravenous tubes and sets, catheters, combination of sterilization and urine bags, syringes (without needles shredding. Treated waste to be and fixed needle syringes) and sent to registered or authorized vaccutainers with their needles cut) and recyclers or for energy recovery gloves. or plastics to diesel or fuel oil or for road making, whichever is possible. M/s Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited, Hyderabad 2.29 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Plastic waste should not be sent to landfill sites. White Waste sharps including Metals: Puncture proof, Autoclaving or Dry Heat Autoclave (Translucent Needles, syringes with fixed needles, Leak proof, tamper Sterilization followed by ) needles from needle tip cutter or proof containers shredding or mutilation or burner, scalpels, blades, or any other encapsulation in metal container contaminated sharp object that may or cement concrete, combination cause puncture and cuts. This includes of shredding cum autoclaving, both used, discarded and and sent for final disposal to iron Contaminated metal sharps foundries (having consent to operate from the State Pollution Control Boards or Pollution Control Committees) or sanitary landfill or designated concrete waste sharp pit. Blue (a)Glassware: Broken or discarded and Cardboard boxes Disinfection (by soaking the Autoclave contaminated glass including medicine with blue colored washed glass waste after cleaning vials and ampoules except those marking with detergent and Sodium contaminated with cytotoxic wastes. Hypochlorite treatment) or through autoclaving or microwaving or hydroclaving and then sent for recycling. (b)Metallic Body Implants Cardboard boxes with blue colored marking M/s Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited, Hyderabad 2.30 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha 2.6.2 Collection and Transportation Bio-medical waste will be collected from each health care establishment on a regular basis. Wastes shall be segregated as per the color coding, properly packed and placed at a secure designated point by the health care establishment from where it will be collected. Upon collection wastes shall be placed into closed containers enclosed in a containerized vehicle and transported to the site. The vehicles shall be dedicated for the purpose and shall adopt the conditions specified in the BMW Management Rules- 2016. 2.6.3 Disinfection and Destruction Upon receipt of the waste at the facility, wastes containers are unloaded. Wastes based on their color codes are separated and properly treated and disposed of as per MOEFCC rules. Ash, residue from high temperature incineration and other material residues from the process are collected into containers and disposed into the secured landfill. 2.6.4 Incinerator The incinerator proposed for hazardous waste will be used for incineration of both bio- medical and hazardous wastes and hence it is a common facility for incineration of all incinerable wastes coming to the facility. 2.6.5 Autoclave The primary purpose of autoclave is to sterilize / disinfect the waste with steam. Microorganisms which contribute to infection do not survive beyond 80oC. However, as a precaution MOEFCC has stipulated a temperature of 121oC with 15 psi pressure and 60 min duration to ensure distribution of temperature. At this temperature and pressure, microorganisms are completely destroyed and thus render the wastes infection free. The dis-infected waste shall then be segregated into HDPE, PP, rubber, latex, glass and metal. The segregated materials shall then be shredded completing the process of disinfection and ensuring non-recycling of the waste materials for medical / food grade purposes. All the process control conditions will be as per the applicable Bio medical rules, 2016. M/s Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited, Hyderabad 2.31 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha 2.6.5.1 Autoclave Features A vacuum type (programmable) autoclave which can operate at all the specifications mentioned by MOEFCC is proposed. The autoclave shall have continuous and automatic recording of temperature, pressure, date, time and batch of loading. Every batch is monitored with a strip chart recorder and once in a month the spore validation test and/or spore monitoring is done. Following are the key features of the proposed autoclave: Type: Vacuum Type, automatic with documentation Capacity: 432 liters per hour Temperature: 121°C Pressure: 15 psi Automation: PLC with MMI ( Man-Machine interface) Documentation/ Recording: Computerized recording The layout of typical autoclave process is given in Figure 2.7 Figure 2.7 Layout of autoclave sterilization process M/s Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited, Hyderabad 2.32 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha 2.6.6 Other Infrastructure The other infrastructure required /proposed in Bio-medical Waste Treatment Section is as follows Effluent Treatment Plant: An ETP to treat the scrubbing water, floor washings and other wastewater from the plant is proposed and the treated water shall be reused for circulation into the scrubber. The treatment system consist of cooling tank, pressure sand filter and activated carbon filter assembly followed by neutralization before recirculation into the scrubber. Shredder: A mechanical shredder to make the waste unrecognizable as medical waste shall be installed with a capacity to handle about 100 kg of medical wastes per hour with its D.O.L. Starter. Shredder motor capacity of 10 HP and used 3 High speed Blades. Landfill: The residue will be sent to secured landfill cell. 2.7 E Waste Recycling The assessment of e-waste recycling sector in India indicates that e-waste trade starts from formal dismantling sector and moves to informal recycling sector. There are no large scale organized e-waste recycling facilities in India at present except few in some states of India, while most of the e-waste recycling units are operating in un-organized sector. So, this will be an opportunity for us to serve the industries by handling their E-waste. The main objective of the proposed E-Waste facility is given below. To provide Safe and Secured Destruction services at project site to ensure intellectual property assurance. To provide innovative and pollution-free technology for recycling of E-waste. To provide Environmental management system and solutions. To recover up to 99% of total waste received To enhance customer service through online account access. To conserve natural resource & ensuring working towards global warming The proposed project consists of the following facilities World class security systems Certified, Safe and Secured destruction services Comprehensive EHS practices Logistics, warehousing facility Highly skilled manpower M/s Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited, Hyderabad 2.33 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha 2.7.1 Methodology The methodology proposed to be followed at the E-Waste facility is as follows. Upon client request, project management shall arrange a suitable and secured transport to collect the material from Clients premises. Collected material shall be weighed, if desired by clients at their premises using their own weighing machine and witnessed by both parties. Manifest shall be issued by generator to transport with manifest copies as per Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management and Trans-boundary Movement) Rules, 2016 (HOWM Rules 2016). Delivery Order will be issued by Client prior to collection from their premises. Collected material is to be provided in good packaging condition and thereafter will be transported to the facility. After inspection by project security guard, material is weighed at site weighbridge to determine the gross weight of the material and will then be sent to its warehouse for acceptance. Goods Receive Note (GRN) for the gross weight will be issued upon receiving the material at the warehouse. Material will then be sent for dismantling section under IDO (Internal Delivery Order) for dismantling. Destruction process can be witnessed by Client, if required. Upon data destruction completed, official destruction certificate will be issued to Client for records. Dismantled material will then be sent to suitable recycling process. 2.7.2 Process Description: The process involved in proposed integrated E Waste recycling facility is basically physical destruction and recovery of metals. The steps of proposed process is described in following paragraphs The e-waste received from generator is stored at earmarked covered shed having concrete floor and leak proof roof. Wooden or plastic pallets are provided to store the waste. Waste which may contain mainly electronic and electrical material and monitors of computer or TVs, shall be shifted to manual dismantling section in hand trolleys A set of 8 to 10 work stations are proposed with a suction hood for any dust particle coming out of the dismantling process. A team of experts in dismantling will be deputed for dismantling purpose with all the required tools and tackles. The tools M/s Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited, Hyderabad 2.34 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha and tackles shall be identified with best available brand to ensure optimization in working and to avoid small accidents in the process. The employees at this section will be provided with all the required PPEs i.e. apron, safety shoes, gloves, dust mask etc. Fire extinguishers shall be provided in the working area in addition to the existing ones as per the need. The team deputed shall dismantle all the waste articles Eg. Computer, CPU box, hard drive, CD ROM, cables, PCBs etc. and monitor into back cover and picture tube. The hard drive, PCBs is further dismantled into components attached and naked PCBs. The dismantled PCBs will be sent for shredding followed by crushing and pulverizing. The product will be made in to powder of PCB from which metal and non-metal part will be segregated by physical process. Both the products shall be stored in bags for disposal for recovery (metal part) and for making of toys and monuments (non-metal part). In case the non-metal part fails to be recycled, the same shall be disposed into incinerator as this consists of residue with high C.V. The dismantled picture tube shall be send to Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) cutting m/c, which is a closed chamber attached with a hood connected to cyclone and bughouse. The CRT is put into the control panel connected automatic CRT cutting frame. The CRT will be cut into two pieces i.e. front glass and funnel glass. The glass which is free from all coating etc will be crushed further and stored in bags to be dispatched for recycling The components removed from PCBs will be segregated and stored in bags for further disposal and/or reuse. The ferrous material i.e. cabinet, body of monitor etc would be baled and disposed for recycling Plastic from cabinet, monitor will be shredded in the shredder and sold out for recycling to authorized recyclers The waste generated from above process shall be stored at earmarked area and not allowed to be exposed to the environment. The process flow sheet is given in Figure 2.8. M/s Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited, Hyderabad 2.35 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Figure 2.8 E-waste treatment process flow chart M/s Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited, Hyderabad 2.36 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha 2.8 Recycling Facilities The recycling facilities proposed for the site are Spent solvent recycling Used oil recycling Alternative fuel and raw material facility Used Lead acid battery recycling facility Waste plastic recycling Waste paper recycling 2.8.1 Spent Solvent Recycling Spent solvents are recovered using a distillation methodology. Following are few solvents proposed to be separated /distilled initially: Isopropyl alcohol Butanol Dimethyl formamide Toluene and Ortho dichloro benzene Storage of spent solvents The waste solvent eceived in drums (MS/Plastic) will be stored in shed which will be provided with garland drain, fire hydrant system, lined floor etc. The drums will be stacked as per the best practices. The leakages is avoided at any point of time. A separate storage shed sized 35x40 m is proposed adjacent to facility to store the solvent drums. The stacking of drums will be in the manner that mixing of solvent drums is avoided at maximum extent. Distillation process shall be suitable for the recovery of many spent solvents. Distillation can be a batch or continuous operation. It is proposed to adopt batch process in the proposed facility. The process involves pre-treatment of neutralization and separation of spent solvent feed mixture in a reactor. After layer separation, the spent solvent mixture will be sent to distillation still connected to distillation column. The solvent mixture is heated by steam and the distillation column will be under total reflux for a specific period. Fractionation of solvent takes place solvent / water as the case may be are separated initially under atmospheric pressure and later under vacuum (if required). Distilled solvents are analyzed, M/s Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited, Hyderabad 2.37 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha stored and recycled, liquid effluent mostly condensate will be recycled back into system and solid residue sent for incineration / landfill. Steam for heating will be generated from the boiler (2 x 10 TPH). The process diagram of the solvent recovery is depicted below: 2.8.1.1 Process Description Distillation can be a batch or continuous operation. It is proposed to adopt batch process in the proposed facility. The process involves pre-treatment of neutralization and separation of spent solvent feed mixture in a Reactor. After layer separation, the spent solvent mixture will be sent to distillation still connected to distillation column. The solvent mixture is then heated by steam and the distillation column will be under total reflux for a specific period. Fractionation of solvent takes place solvent / water as the case may be are separated initially under atmospheric pressure and later under vacuum (if required). Distilled solvents are analyzed, stored and recycled, liquid effluent mostly condensate will be recycled back into system and solid residue sent for incineration / landfill. Steam for heating will be generated by the boiler. Flow chart for spent solvent recovery is shown in Figure 2.9. Figure 2.9 Flow chart of spent solvent recovery M/s Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited, Hyderabad 2.38 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha 2.8.2 Used Oil Recycling Used oil is termed as hazardous. Lube oil does not wear out with use but it only gets contaminated with water, carbon and fuel etc. This means that used oil when it is ready for rejection can be re-used. The methods of disposal being followed are dumping, burning or reprocessing. The used / waste oil generated are not easily biologically degradable. Therefore, dumping of used / waste oil is harmful to environment. Burning of used / waste oil is not desirable for the following reasons: Waste fuel oil contains substantial quantity of water that will prevent proper burning of fuel and lead to generation of carbon monoxide. The used oil (used lubricants, Transformer oils etc.), they may contain chemicals, metallic compounds; Polychlorinated Biphenyl (PCBs) etc. which when burned will release gas to the atmosphere. Therefore, burning of used / waste oil should not be encouraged. The other option is Repressing. Improper reprocessing methods can lead to generation of waste which is even more hazardous than used / waste oil. Therefore, reprocessing should be allowed only with approved methods. Reprocessing of used / waste will not only be a solution for disposal of waste but it will have tremendous economic advantage. The process diagram of the waste/ used oil recycling plant will be as below in Figure 2.10 M/s Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited, Hyderabad 2.39 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Figure 2.10 Waste/ used oil recycling plant 2.8.3 Alternative Fuel and Raw Material Facility Alternative fuel platforms will be developed as below: “S” Type “L” Type Alternative Fuel Preparation Facility Alternative fuel preparation Facility ‘L’ Type Alternative Fuels Area ‘L’ Type Alternative Fuels are basically liquid type incinerable waste which are more than 2500 Kcal. 1. Common Neutralization Tank to maintain pH level 7 2. 25 KL Mixing Tank with Cooling Coil and External Jacket to control the heat for Exothermic Liquid Waste 3. 25 KL Mixing Tank for the Non-Exothermic Liquid Waste 4. Agitator set up made by Stainless Steel 5. Pump M/s Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited, Hyderabad 2.40 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha ‘S’ Type Alternative Fuels Area: ‘S’ Type Alternative Fuels are basically solid type incinerable waste which are more than 2500 Kcal 1. Common neutralization tank to maintain pH level 7 2. Mixing pit of 5 x 5 m 3. Jaw mixer for premixing of the solid and semisolid Waste. 4. Blender Solid blend will be prepared through mixing in an appropriate quantity of solid/ semi solid waste with binders. The first step of preparing solid blend is selection of waste. The segregation of waste is done according to their pH & calorific value. Source materials are segregated like paint sludge, oily filter cake, spent carbon, organic waste, tarry waste, biomass, resin, distillation residues, grease, ETP sludge, and alumina sludge etc. Assortment of waste is done according blending norms. A general waste selection criteria for high calorific value fuel is low moisture content, high LOI & TOC, high calorific value, good compressibility, less ash content, non- toxic, less pollutant, sustainable combustion. Schematic diagram for the Alternative Fuel and Raw Material Facility (AFRF) is shown in Figure 2.11. M/s Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited, Hyderabad 2.41 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Figure 2.11 Alternative Fuel and Raw material Facility (AFRF) 2.8.4 Used Lead Acid Battery Recycling Lead is one of the most vital nonferrous metal having multiple uses like in lead acid batteries, cable covering, alloying elements in solders, nuclear shield etc., and in terms of its chemical it is used in glass, paint and as an important stabilizers in PVC as lead striate etc. Almost 70 to 80 % of lead productions come from recycling and balance 20 to 30% from virgin sources that is lead concentrates. The requirement of lead is going up at the rate of 15 to 20 % annually. Its requirement is going up more in developing countries like India and China. Further almost 70% of the lead goes in to the production of lead acid batteries. Demand for lead acid batteries is going up almost at the rate of 20 to 25% in India & China. In India only Hindustan Zinc Limited and two other producers in smaller quantities produce lead from lead concentrates. Rest of the lead production is either from recycling or imports. Since more & more scrap lead acid batteries and other scrap of lead will be available there is a good scope to recover lead in and environmentally friendly manner. M/s Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited, Hyderabad 2.42 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha 2.8.4.1 Used Lead Acid Battery Recycling Process Extraction of lead from used lead acid battery plates, lead scrap, lead dross and other lead bearing wastes is carried out by using rotary furnace and reverberatory furnace. Conventional method of lead extraction from used lead acid battery plates, lead scrap, lead dross and other concentrate generates huge amount of sludge which becomes very difficult for disposal in the landfill. However, the combination of rotary furnace and reverberatory furnace with high calorific furnace oil as fuel reduces the quantum of slag generation and improves the recovery of lead metal considerably. Furnace oil will be used as fuel to melt the battery and other scrap. The schematic diagram of the lead recycling is shown in Figure 2.12. Figure 2.12 Used lead acid battery recycling M/s Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited, Hyderabad 2.43 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha 2.8.5 Waste Plastic Recycling A recycling plant uses seven steps to turn plastic trash into recycled plastic: Segregation The plastic will be segregated manually into 2 major components i.e. dirty plastic not suitable for granulation and plastic can be used for granulation. Mechanized Cleaning Since the plastic drums contain hazardous material, mechanized cleaning will be done with some cleaning agents to remove any types of hazardous substances. The cleaned drums can be re-used or further processing can be done based on the requirement. Chopping The washed drums will be chopped into flakes for further processing. Drying The plastic flakes will be dried in a tumble dryer. Melting The dried flakes are fed into an extruder, where heat and pressure melt the plastic. Different types of plastics melt at different temperatures. Filtering The molten plastic will be forced through a fine screen to remove any contaminants that slipped through the washing process. The molten plastic is then formed into strands Pelletizing The strands are cooled in water, and then chopped into uniform pellets. Manufacturing companies buy the plastic pellets from recyclers to make new products. The process flow chart of plastic recycling is given in below in Figure 2.13 M/s Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited, Hyderabad 2.44 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Figure 2.13 Process flow chart of plastic recycling PLASTIC WASTE 2.8.6 Waste Paper Recycling Paper recycling is the process of recovering waste paper and remaking it into new paper products. There are three categories of paper that can be used as feedstock for making recycled paper: Mill broke: Paper trimmings and other paper scrap from the manufacture of paper. Pre-consumer waste: Material which left the paper mill but discarded before it was ready for consumer use. Post-consumer waste: Post-consumer waste are the material discarded after consumer use such as old magazines, old newspaper, office wastes, old telephone directories, residential mixed paper, industrial packaging , waste multi-wall cement paper bags. 2.8.6.1 Process for Paper Recycling: ICWF focuses on recovering waste paper and sending to paper manufacturing industry. It is proposed to carryout baling in the following steps: Step 1: Waste Paper Collection: Collection of waste paper material will be done through special color coded recycling bins (segregated directly at generator’s premises). However, at some locations, all kinds of papers may be collected in a single bin. M/s Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited, Hyderabad 2.45 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Step 2: Manual Segregation: The waste paper collected will be segregated according to variety / thickness of paper like newspaper, office stationary, packaging paper, card boards etc. Step 3: Compaction and Baling: The waste paper is manually fed to the Baling press. It is equipment which utilizes hydraulic pressure on the loose paper in an enclosed chamber to compact them into bales. The bale weight can be varied from 40 – 60 kg, making them very convenient to handle manually. Step 4: Transportation: Transportation of bales to paper mills and other paper related product manufacturing units. Baling wire and tape M/s Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited, Hyderabad 2.46 CHAPTER 3 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Chapter 3 Description of Environment 3.1 Introduction Baseline environmental status in and around proposed project depicts the existing environmental conditions of air, noise, water, soil, biological and socio-economic environment. With proposed project as the centre, a radial distance of 10 km is considered as ‘study area’ for baseline data collection and environmental monitoring. Baseline data was collected for various environmental attributes so as to compute the impacts that are likely to arise due to the expansion of existing Common Hazardous Waste Treatment Storage and Disposal Facility (CHWTSDF) to the proposed Integrated Common Hazardous Waste Treatment Storage and Disposal Facility (ICHWTSDF) at OWMP, Jajpur, Odisha. The main aim of the baseline study is to identify the critical environmental attributes which will be affected and have adverse impacts on the surrounding systems due to the present scenario. This study is carried out during the project planning stage itself, so that the proposed facility can be implemented in a technically, financially and environmentally sustainable long term basis. The study depends mainly on two factors. One is estimation of impact from proposed project on the environment and the second one is assessment of the baseline environmental condition. Both are key factors to arrive at the post project scenario. The estimated impact due to the proposal can be superimposed over the existing conditions to arrive at the post project scenario. The scope of the baseline studies includes detailed characterization of the following environmental components, which are most likely to be influenced by setting up the proposed common bio-medical waste treatment facility: Meteorological Conditions Ambient Air Quality Noise Levels Water Quality (ground & surface water) M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited 3.1 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Soil Quality Biological Environment Land Environment and Socio-Economic Studies a) Study Period The baseline data generation for the proposed ICHWTSDF has been carried out during the winter season (December 2016 to February 2017). The data collection with respect to meteorological conditions, air pollution levels, noise levels, water quality, soil quality and socio- economic conditions were carried out during the study period. 3.2 Micrometeorology The study of micrometeorological conditions of a particular region is of utmost importance to understand the variations in ambient air quality status in that region. The prevailing micrometeorology at project site plays a crucial role in transport and dispersion of air pollutants released from the project site. The persistence of the predominant wind direction and wind speed at the project site will decide the direction and extent of the air pollution impact zone. The principal variables, which affect the micrometeorology, are horizontal transport and dispersion (average wind speed and directions), convective transport and vertical mixing (atmospheric stability) and also topography of the area towards local influences. The micrometeorological data recorded in the study region as well as surface meteorological data procured from IMD corresponding to nearest available observatories are appropriately used in this study. The hourly record of wind speed and wind direction during study period was used for computing the relative percentage frequencies of wind occurrences in various directions. The observed meteorological data at site is given in Table 3.1. The wind rose diagram for winter season is presented in Figure 3.1. Secondary meteorological data has been mentioned in Table 3.2 from the nearest IMD station of Cuttack. M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited 3.2 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Table 3.1 Observed meteorological data Temperature (oC) R. Humidity (%) Rain fall Predominant wind Period Min Max Min Max (mm) direction from Dec 2016 11 31 44 91 1.5 Jan 2017 12 33 33 97 3.9 E to W Feb 2017 18 38 23 96 5.8 During the winter season, the winds were predominantly recorded from E closely followed by NE. Calm condition prevailed for 14.72% of the total time and the average wind speed for the season was observed to be 2.01 m/s. Table 3.2 IMD data of Cuttack (1981-2010) Temperature R. Humidity Rainfall Pre Mean (°C) (%) (mm) dominant wind Month No of direction Mean Mean Mon speed Highest Lowest Max Min rainy (max) (min) thly (m/s) 1st days Jan 28.8 14.7 32.3 10.8 78 54 13.7 0.8 0.7 E Feb 31.8 17.8 35.7 13.6 78 50 23.3 1.8 0.7 E Mar 35.3 21.4 39.7 17.1 76 52 28.2 2.0 1.1 S Apr 37.2 23.9 41.8 19.7 73 58 41.7 2.6 1.2 S May 37.2 25.0 41.8 19.9 73 61 96.3 5.1 1.5 S Jun 35.1 24.8 40.7 21.2 78 70 211.9 10.8 1.3 S Jul 32.5 24.0 36.4 21.5 83 79 339 14.6 1.2 S Aug 32.0 24.1 35.1 22.1 85 81 396.8 16.2 1.0 S Sep 32.7 24.0 35.8 21.8 83 79 250.8 12.0 0.8 S Oct 32.6 22.3 35.2 19.1 79 71 143 6.3 0.7 E Nov 30.9 18.3 33.4 14.1 75 63 42.7 1.9 0.6 E Dec 28.9 14.5 31.4 11.2 75 57 4.8 0.5 0.6 E Source: GOI, Ministry of Earth Sciences, IMD, Climatological Tables - 1981-2010 M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited 3.3 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Table 3.3 Season (Dec 2016 to Feb 2017) frequency distribution table Directions/ 0.5 - 2.0 2.0 – 3.5 3.5 - 5.0 > 5.0 Total (%) Wind Classes (m/s) N 2.73 0.32 0.41 0.32 3.79 NNE 3.42 0.55 0.23 0.50 4.72 NE 5.13 0.97 0.64 1.06 7.82 ENE 4.67 0.92 0.64 0.97 7.22 E 7.22 1.94 1.52 2.12 12.82 ESE 3.47 0.37 0.37 0.46 4.67 SE 3.93 1.06 0.60 1.11 6.71 SSE 3.70 1.01 0.83 0.69 6.25 S 3.88 1.34 0.87 1.06 7.17 SSW 2.50 0.46 0.46 0.23 3.65 SW 1.57 0.41 0.18 0.74 2.91 WSW 2.45 0.64 0.27 0.41 3.79 W 1.89 0.55 0.60 0.23 3.28 WNW 1.75 0.74 0.41 0.46 3.37 NW 2.17 0.46 0.18 0.64 3.47 NNW 2.36 0.32 0.27 0.60 3.56 Sub-Total 52.91 12.12 8.56 11.66 85.28 Calms (< 0.5 m/s) 14.72 Total 100 % Note: 1.Average Wind Speed – 2.01 m/s 2.All values are in Percentage Figure 3.1 Wind Rose Diagram – Winter season (Dec 2016 – Feb 2017) M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited 3.4 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha 3.3 Ambient Air Quality The ambient air quality was monitored in the impact study area as per MoEFCC guidelines. The prime objective of the baseline air quality study is to assess the existing ambient air quality of the area with reference to conventional air pollutants. Methodology Adopted for the Study The baseline status of the ambient air quality has been assessed through a scientifically designed ambient air quality network. The design of monitoring network in the air quality surveillance programme has been made based on the following considerations: Topography of the study area. Representation of regional background. Populated and sensitive areas. Screening of maximum ground level concentrations and distances of their likely occurrences as per climatologically normal. Representation of valid cross sectional distribution in downwind direction. Ambient Air Quality Monitoring (AAQM) stations were installed at 9 different locations with due consideration to the above mentioned points. AAQ locations were selected in downwind, cross wind and upwind direction of the proposed project location. The details of the monitoring stations are given in Table 3.4. The Ambient Air Quality Sampling location map is given in Figure 3.2. Ambient air quality monitoring stations were selected on the basis of surface influence, demographic influence & meteorological influence. At each sampling station monitoring was carried out for a frequency of 2 days per week for 12 weeks during study period. The common air pollutants namely Particulate Matter (PM<2.5µm, PM<10µm), Sulfur dioxide (SO2), Oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and Ozone (O3) were sampled on 8/24 hourly and results were averaged to 24 hours and Carbon monoxide (CO), Benzene (C6H6) and Ammonia (NH3) were monitored 2 days per week for 4 weeks during study period to meet the requirements of the MoEFCC and compared with the standards stipulated by CPCB. M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited 3.5 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Table 3.4 Ambient Air Quality monitoring locations W.R.T. Site Name of the Latitude Longitude Code Distance Locations Wind Type Direction (North) (East) (km) A1 Site Core - - 20°57’07.5” 85°53’31.5” A2 Sukinda Cross Wind 2.8 NE 20°58’04.7” 85°55’00.1” A3 Baulapal Cross Wind 3.0 NNE 20°58’56.0” 85°54’14.6” A4 Khararhi Up Wind 4.7 SE 20°55’49.6” 85°55’59.0” A5 Mangalpur Down Wind 2.4 W 20°57’36.9” 85°52’09.4” A6 Anantpur Cross Wind 5.4 SW 20°55’35.1” 85°51’34.9” A7 Malukhamba Down Wind 4.4 NW 20°58’20.2” 85°51’44.3” A8 Harirhabahali Cross Wind 1.2 S 20°56’34.9” 85°53’31.4” A9 Kanakhaal Cross Wind 4.1 SSW 20°54’44.2” 85°52’10.0” The existing values of air pollutants of concern as mentioned above are presented in Table 3.5-3.8. Statistical parameters like minimum, maximum and 98th percentile have been computed from the observed raw data for all sampling stations. These are compared with the standards as prescribed by MoEFCC for industrial, residential and rural zone. Table 3.5 Particulate Matter levels in the study area (µg/m3) Particulate Matter <2.5µm Particulate Matter <10µm Code Location Min Max 98th Per Min Max 98th Per A1 Site 17.6 22.7 22.7 42.0 50.2 50.2 A2 Sukinda 21.8 24.6 24.5 46.1 57.1 57.1 A3 Baulapal 18.2 21.4 21.3 42.5 47.2 47.2 A4 Khararhi 17.1 19.8 19.8 40.3 46.7 45.2 A5 Mangalpur 20.6 23.4 23.3 44.6 56.7 56.6 A6 Anantpur 19.4 21.8 21.7 40.8 51.8 51.7 A7 Malukhamba 20.4 23.4 23.3 41.2 48.4 48.4 A8 Harirhabahali 18.4 21.4 21.4 40.8 45.1 45.0 A9 Kanakhaal 16.2 19.8 19.7 40.5 44.7 44.6 98th Percentile 19.7-24.5 44.6-57.1 NAAQS (2009) 24 hrs 60 100 M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited 3.6 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Table 3.6 Ambient Air Quality in the study area (µg/m3) SO2 NOx NH3 Code Location 98th Min Max 98th Per Min Max 98th Per Min Max Per A1 Site 11.2 14.8 14.8 18.8 23.1 23.1 16.7 22.2 22.2 A2 Sukinda 12.7 15.4 15.4 17.8 25.4 25.4 15.5 21.4 21.4 A3 Baulapal 8.2 10.4 10.4 15.6 22.3 22.2 18.8 21.3 21.3 A4 Khararhi 7.2 9.8 9.7 15.2 21.3 21.3 16.4 20.8 20.8 A5 Mangalpur 11.8 14.0 13.9 17.1 23.4 23.4 20.3 22.1 22.1 A6 Anantpur 8.7 11.4 11.4 15.9 20.8 20.8 19.4 21.8 21.7 A7 Malukhamba 7.4 9.4 9.3 15.6 21.8 21.8 18.3 21.4 21.4 A8 Harirhabahali 7.1 9.1 9.1 15.1 20.5 20.5 17.5 20.9 20.9 A9 Kanakhaal 7.2 9.5 9.5 15.4 22.2 22.2 16.6 21.1 21.1 98th Percentile 9.1-15.4 20.5-25.4 20.8-22.2 NAAQS (2009) 24 hrs 80 80 400 Table 3.7 Ambient Air Quality in the study area (µg/m3) O3 CO Benzene (C6H6) Code Location Min Max 98th Min Max 98th Per Min Max 98th Per Per A1 Site 13.8 15.5 15.5 473 621 620 0.71 0.78 0.77 A2 Sukinda 13.2 18.5 18.5 252 373 372 0.67 0.81 0.81 A3 Baulapal 8.9 14.3 14.3 268 345 345 0.33 0.57 0.55 A4 Khararhi 9.3 14.7 14.6 236 288 288 0.35 0.53 0.53 A5 Mangalpur 11.2 13.2 13.2 425 546 546 0.59 0.79 0.77 A6 Anantpur 10.3 12.6 12.6 250 375 375 0.45 0.66 0.64 A7 Malukhamba 11.3 15.4 15.4 284 320 320 0.32 0.43 0.42 A8 Harirhabahali 10.4 12.2 12.2 293 315 315 0.38 0.47 0.46 A9 Kanakhaal 11.6 14.8 14.7 232 295 294 0.43 0.62 0.62 98th Percentile 12.2-18.5 288-620 0.42 to 0.81 NAAQS (2009) 100 (8 hrs) 2000 (8 hrs) 5 (Annual) M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited 3.7 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Figure 3.2 Ambient Air Quality sampling location map M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited 3.8 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha 3.3.1 Air Quality Scenario in the Study Area a) Particulate Matter <2.5µm &<10µm Particulate Matter (PM) is the term used for a mixture of solid particles and liquid droplets suspended in the air. These particles originate from a variety of sources, such as power plants, industrial processes, and diesel trucks, and they are formed in the atmosphere by transformation of gaseous emissions. Their chemical and physical compositions depend on location and time of year. Particulate matter is composed of both coarse and fine particles. Coarse particles (PM10) have an aerodynamic diameter between 2.5µm and 10µm. They are formed by mechanical disruption (e.g. crushing, grinding, and abrasion of surfaces) evaporation of sprays, and suspension of dust. PM10 is composed of alumina silicate and other oxides of crustal elements, and major sources including fugitive dust from roads, industry, agriculture, construction and demolition, and fly ash from fossil fuel combustion. The lifetime of PM10 is from minutes to hours and its travel distance varies from <1 km to 10 km. Fine particles have an aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5µm (PM2.5). They differ from PM10 in origin and chemistry. These particles are formed from gas and condensation of high temperature vapors during combustion, and they are composed of various combinations of Sulfate compounds, Nitrate compounds, Carbon compounds, Ammonium, Hydrogen ion, organic compounds, metals (Pb, Cd, V, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mn and Fe), and particle bound water. The major sources of PM2.5 are fossil fuel combustion, vegetation burning, and the smelting and processing of metals. Their lifetime is from days to weeks and travel distance ranges from hundreds to thousands of kilometers. The 98th percentile of Particulate Matter <2.5µm recorded within the study area were in the range of 19.7-24.5 µg/m3. The 98th percentile of Particulate Matter <10µm recorded within the study area were in the range of 44.6-57.1µg/m3. The 24 hourly average values of Particulate Matter <2.5µm & Particulate Matter <10µm were compared with the national ambient air quality standards and found that all sampling locations recorded values within the applicable limits of residential and rural area limits for all locations in study area. M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited 3.9 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha b) Sulfur Dioxide Sulfur dioxide gas is an inorganic gaseous pollutant. Sulfur dioxide emissions are expected to be emitted wherever combustion of any fuel containing sulfur takes place. The sulfur in the fuel will combine with oxygen to form sulfur dioxide. Sulfur trioxide and sulfuric acid mist are the other important pollutants in the sulfur group. In general some of the important sources of sulfur dioxide are power stations, sulfuric acid plants, oil refining, boilers in utilities in any industry and domestic use of coal. The following sources of Sulfur dioxide in the study area are identified: Emissions from domestic fuel (coal, diesel, etc.) Emissions from DG sets used by industries and local residents Sulfur dioxide in atmosphere is significant because of its toxicity. Sulfur dioxide is capable of producing illness and lung injury. Further it can combine with water in the air to form toxic acid. Aerosols can corrode metal surfaces, fabrics and the leaves of plants. Sulfur dioxide is irritating to the eyes and respiratory system. Excessive exposure to sulfur dioxide causes bronchial asthma and other breathing related diseases as it affects the lungs. 3 The 98th percentile of SO2 recorded within the study area was in the range of 9.1-15.4µg/m . The 24 hourly average values of SO2 were compared with the national ambient air quality standards and it was found that all sampling locations recorded values much lower than the applicable limit of 80 µg/m3 in residential and rural areas. c) Oxides of Nitrogen Oxides of nitrogen are also an inorganic gaseous pollutant like sulfur dioxide. Oxides of nitrogen emissions are expected to be emitted wherever combustion at high temperatures takes place. Nitrous oxide and nitric acid mist are the other important pollutants in the inorganic nitrogen group. In general some of the important sources of oxides of nitrogen are boilers (utilities) in any industry and Auto exhaust. In a metropolitan town NOx levels are predominantly due to automobile emissions. The following sources of oxides of nitrogen in the study area are identified: M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited 3.10 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha 1. Emissions from industrial and domestic burning of coal. 2. Emissions from automobiles. Oxides of nitrogen have far greater significance in photochemical smog reaction than any of the other inorganic gaseous contaminants. NOx in the presence of sunlight will undergo reactions with a number of organic compounds to produce all the effects associated with photochemical smog. NOx has inherent ability to produce deleterious effects by themselves like toxicity. It acts as asphyxiate when in concentrations great enough to reduce the normal oxygen supply from the air. 3 The 98th percentile of NOx recorded within the study area was in the range of 20.5-25.4 µg/m . The 24 hourly average values of NOx were compared with the national ambient air quality standards and it was found that all the sampling locations recorded values much lower than the applicable limit of 80 µg/m3 in residential and rural areas. d) Ammonia (NH3) Ammonia (NH3) in the atmosphere results primarily from the decomposition and volatilization of animal wastes. As such it is in principle a natural trace gas. Other sources of ammonia emission include direct volatilization from mineral fertilizers (particularly urea), agricultural crops and a wide range of non-agricultural sources including sewage, catalytic converters, wild animals, seabirds and industrial processes. Atmospheric ammonia has impacts on both local and international (trans boundary) scales. In the atmosphere ammonia reacts with acid pollutants such as the products of SO2 and NOX + 3 emissions to produce fine ammonium (NH4 ) containing aerosol. While the lifetime of NH is + relatively short (<10-100 km), NH4 may be transferred much longer distances (100 - >1000 km). In addition to the transboundary effects, NH3 has substantial impacts at a local level: emissions occur at ground level in the rural environment and NH3 is rapidly deposited). As a result some of the most acute problems of NH3 deposition are for small relict nature reserves located in intensive agricultural landscapes. 3 The 98th percentile of NH3 recorded within the study area was in the range of 20.8-22.2 µg/m . M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited 3.11 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha e) Ozone (O3) Ozone (O3) or Trioxygen, is a triatomic molecule, consisting of three oxygen atoms. It is an allotrope of oxygen that is much less stable than the diatomic allotrope (O2). Ozone in the lower atmosphere is an air pollutant with harmful effects on the respiratory systems of animals and will burn sensitive plants; however the ozone layer in the upper atmosphere is beneficial, preventing potentially damaging ultraviolet light from reaching the Earth’s surface. Ozone is present in low concentrations throughout the Earth’s atmosphere. The 98th percentile of ozone recorded within the study area was in the range of 12.2-18.5 µg/m3. The 8 hour average values of ozone were compared with the national ambient air quality standards and found that the recorded values were within the applicable limits of residential and rural area for all the locations in study area. f) Carbon Monoxide (CO) It is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas that is slightly less dense than air. It is toxic to humans and animals when encountered in higher concentrations, although it is also produced in normal animal metabolism in low quantities, and is thought to have some normal biological functions. In the atmosphere, it is spatially variable and short lived, having a role in the formation of ground-level ozone. Along with aldehydes it is part of series of reactions that forms photochemical smog. Carbon monoxide is present in small amounts in the atmosphere, chiefly as a product of volcanic activity but also from natural and man-made fires (such as forest and bush fires, burning of crop residues and sugarcane fire-cleaning). Carbon monoxide is a temporary atmospheric pollutant in some urban areas, mainly from the exhaust of internal combustion engines (including vehicles, portable and back-up generators, lawn mowers, power washers, etc.), but also from incomplete combustion of various other fuels (including wood, coal, charcoal, oil, paraffin, propane, natural gas, and trash). The 8 hourly average values of CO were compared with the national ambient air quality standards and it was found that all the sampling stations recorded values much lower than the M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited 3.12 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha applicable limit of 2000 µg/m3 for residential and rural areas. The 98th percentile of CO recorded within the study area was in the range of 288-620 µg/m3. g) Benzene (C6H6) Benzene is a clear, colorless, highly flammable and volatile, liquid aromatic hydrocarbon with a gasoline-like odor. Benzene is found in crude oils and as a by-product of oil-refining processes. Benzene is found in the air from emissions from burning coal and oil, gasoline service stations, and motor vehicle exhaust. Acute (short-term) inhalation exposure of humans to benzene may cause drowsiness, dizziness, headaches, as well as eye, skin, and respiratory tract irritation. The 98th percentile of Benzene recorded within the study area was in the range of 0.42 to 0.81 µg/m3. The other parameters such as lead, arsenic, nickel and benzopyrene are below detectable limits (BDL). 3.4 Water Quality Surface water and ground water samples were collected from different sources within the study area and some important physical & chemical parameters including heavy metals were considered for depicting the baseline status of the study area. 3.4.1 Water Quality Assessment A total of 7 ground water samples and 2 surface water samples were collected from the study area to assess the water quality during the study period. The ground water samples were drawn from the hand pumps and bore wells used by the villagers for their domestic needs. Surface water sampling was carried out from the river / nallas in the study area. The details of the locations are given in Table 3.8 and Figure 3.3 and 3.4. The water samples collected from the below locations were analyzed for important water quality parameters and the analytical results of the water samples were compared with IS: 10500-2012 drinking water standards and the results are shown in Table 3.9, surface water results were compared with IS: 2296-1992 and are shown in Table 3.10. M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited 3.13 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Table 3.8 Water sampling locations With Respective to Site Name of the Source Latitude Longitude Code Distance Locations Type Direction (North) (East) (km) Ground Water GW1 Site Bore well - - 20°57’07.5” 85°53’31.5” GW2 Sukinda Hand Pump 2.8 NE 20°58’04.7” 85°55’00.1” GW3 Baulapal Hand Pump 3.0 NNE 20°58’56.0” 85°54’14.6” GW4 Anantpur Hand Pump 5.4 SW 20°55’35.1” 85°51’34.9” GW5 Malukhamba Hand Pump 4.4 NW 20°58’20.2” 85°51’44.3” GW6 Harirhabahali Hand Pump 1.2 S 20°56’34.9” 85°53’31.4” GW7 Botalanda Hand Pump 5.5 W 20°56’25.9” 85°49’59.1” Surface Water SW1 Brahmani river 20°53’20.4” 85°59’08.4” SW2 Gonda nallah 20°59’06.4” 85°54’56.7” M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited 3.14 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Figure 3.3 Groundwater sampling locations map M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited 3.15 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Figure 3.4 Surface water sampling locations map M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited 3.16 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Table 3.9 Water sample analysis results – Groundwater Analysis Results Standard as per IS -10500:2012 S. No Parameter Unit GW 1 GW 2 GW 3 GW 4 GW 5 GW 6 GW 7 Acceptable Limit Permissible Limit 1 Odour -- Agreeable Agreeable 2 pH Value -- 7.1 7.3 7.4 7.6 7.5 7.2 7.5 6.5-8.5 No Relaxation 3 Turbidity NTU <2 <2 <2 <2 <2 <2 <2 1 5 4 Electrical Conductivity µs/cm 86 168 114 1584 588 242 123 -- -- 5 Total dissolved solids mg/l 58 116 68 980 355 158 76 500 2000 6 Alkalinity mg/l 25 62 32 285 158 78 22 200 600 7 Chloride (as Cl- ) mg/l 15 21 18 264 110 23 18 250 1000 2- 8 Sulphate (as SO4 ) mg/l 4.1 3.4 16.2 93 12 4.5 4.2 200 400 9 Nitrate (as NO3) mg/l 2.8 2.1 1.5 6.8 1.1 1.2 1.3 45 No Relaxation 10 Total Hardness (as CaCO3) mg/l 72 81 69 577 307 112 102 200 600 11 Calcium (as Ca) mg/l 12 14 11 154 76 28 12 75 200 12 Magnesium (as Mg) mg/l 10 11 10 46 28 10 10 30 100 13 Sodium (as Na) mg/l 7 8 6 72 10 10 8 -- -- 14 Potassium (as K) mg/l 5 5.1 5.2 26 5.4 5.2 5.1 -- -- 15 Fluoride (as F-) mg/l <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 1.1 0.8 0.6 <0.5 1.0 1.5 16 Zinc (as Zn) mg/l <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 5 15 17 Iron (as Fe) mg/l <0.2 <0.2 <0.2 <0.2 <0.2 <0.2 <0.2 0.3 18 Lead (as Pb) mg/l <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 0.01 19 Mercury (as Hg) mg/l <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.001 No Relaxation 20 Cadmium (as Cd) mg/l <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.003 21 Chromium (as Cr6+) mg/l <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 0.05 22 Copper (as Cu) mg/l <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 0.05 1.5 23 Cyanide (as CN-) mg/l <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 0.05 No Relaxation 24 Arsenic (as As) mg/l <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 0.01 0.05 25 Boron (as B) mg/l <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 0.5 1 M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited 3.17 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Table 3.10 Surface water sample analysis result IS 2296 – 1992 Inland surface water Parameter Units SW 1 SW 2 standards A B C D E 6.5- 6.5- 6.0- 6.5- 6.5- pH --- 7.7 7.5 8.5 8.5 9.0 8.5 8.5 EC µs/cm 203 164 - - - - 2250 Color Pt-Co 9 8 10 300 300 - - Odor -- Unobjectionable U/O - - - - TSS mg/l <10 <10 - - - - - TDS mg/l 154 112 500 - 1500 - 2100 Turbidity NTU 12.6 10.0 - - - - - Alkalinity as CaCO3 mg/l 68 45 Chloride as Cl- mg/l 22 18 250 - 600 - 600 -2 Sulphate as SO4 mg/l 8 8 400 - 400 - 1000 Nitrates as NO3 mg/l 1.8 1.5 20 - 50 - - Total Hardness as CaCO3 mg/l 90 77 200 - - - - Calcium as Ca mg/l 16 14 - - - - - Magnesium as Mg mg/l 12 10 - - - - - Sodium as Na mg/l 14 8 - - - - - Potassium as K mg/l 5.5 5.1 - - - - - Fluoride as F- mg/l <0.5 <0.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 - - Iron as Fe mg/l 0.23 0.26 0.3 - 0.5 - - Lead as Pb mg/l <0.05 <0.05 0.1 - 0.1 - - Mercury as Hg mg/l <0.001 <0.001 0.001 - - - - Arsenic as As mg/l <0.05 <0.05 0.05 0.2 - - - Cadmium as Cd mg/l <0.01 <0.01 0.01 - - - - Cyanide as CN- mg/l <0.05 <0.05 0.05 - 0.05 - - Zinc as Zn mg/l <1 <1 15 - 15 - - Copper as Cu mg/l <0.05 <0.05 1.5 - 1.5 - - Boron as B mg/l <0.1 <0.1 - - - - - DO mg/l 6.1 5.8 6 5 4 4 - COD mg/l 26 28 - - - - - BOD mg/l 5 6 2 3 3 - - Oil & Grease mg/l <10 <10 - - - - - M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited 3.18 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Note: U/O: Unobjectionable Class A- Drinking water source without conventional treatment but after disinfection Class B- Outdoor bathing Class C- Drinking water source after conventional treatment and disinfection Class D- Propagation of wild life and fisheries Class E- Irrigation, industrial cooling, controlled waste disposal 3.4.2 Regional Scenario Groundwater The pH limit fixed for drinking water samples as per IS: 10500-2012 Standard is 6.5 to 8.5 beyond this range the water will affect the mucus membrane and or water supply system. In the study area, the pH was varying from 7.1 to 7.6 showing that they are within the acceptable range. The acceptable limit for total dissolved solids as per IS: 10500-2012 Standard is 500 mg/l whereas the permissible limits in absence of alternate source are 2000 mg/l, beyond this palatability decreases and may cause gastro intestinal irritation. In ground water samples collected from the study area, the total dissolved solids are varying from 58 mg/l to 980 mg/l. The TDS of one sample is above the acceptable limit but within the permissible limit; rest of all samples are below the acceptable limit. The acceptable limit for chloride is 250mg/l as per IS: 10500-2012 Standards whereas the permissible limit of the same is 1000 mg/l beyond this limit taste, corrosion and palatability are affected. The Chloride levels in the ground water samples collected in the study area were ranging from 15 mg/l to a maximum of 264 mg/l. One sample is above acceptable limit but within the permissible limit and rest all samples are within the acceptable limits. The acceptable limit as per IS:10500-2012 Standards for hardness as CaCO3 is 200 mg/l whereas the permissible limit for the same is 600 mg/l beyond this limit encrustation in water supply structure and adverse effects on domestic use will be observed. In the ground water samples collected from the study area, the hardness is varying from 69 mg/l to 577 mg/l. Hardness as CaCO3 in two samples is above acceptable limit but within permissible limit, whereas rest of all the samples were within the acceptable limit. M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited 3.19 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Fluoride is the other important parameter, which has the acceptable limit of 1 mg/l and permissible limit of 1.5 mg/l. However the optimum content of fluoride in the drinking water is <0.6 to 1.5 mg/l. If the fluoride content is less than 0.6 mg/l it causes dental carries, above 1.5 mg/l it causes staining of tooth enamel, higher concentration in range of 3 - 10 mg/l causes fluorosis. In the ground water samples of study area the fluoride value were in the range of <0.5 to 1.1 mg/l. One sample is above the acceptable limit but below the permissible limit and rest samples are within the acceptable limit. Surface Water The pH is in the range of 7.5 to 7.7. The pH values for all the samples collected in the study area during study period were found to be within the limits. The total dissolved solids were in the range of 112 to 154 mg/l which were within the Class ‘A’ norms. The chlorides were in the range of 18 to 22 mg/l, which are within the limits of Class ‘A’ norms. The hardness as CaCO3 in samples varies between 77 to 90 mg/l, which are within the limits of Class ‘A’ norms. The fluorides in the above samples were found to be less than 0.5 mg/l which are within the limits of Class ‘A’ norms. The samples were analyzed and all the parameters were falling under Class ‘A’. However, BOD values were in the range of 5-6 mg/l which are above the norms of Class A, B and C. 3.5 Noise Environment Noise can be defined as unwanted sound or sound in the wrong place at the wrong time. It can also be defined as any sound that is undesirable because it interferes with speech and hearing, is intense enough to damage hearing or is otherwise annoying. Noise can also disturb natural wildlife and ecological systems. M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited 3.20 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Sound can be transmitted through gases, liquids, and solids. Noise impacts can be of concern during the construction and the operational phases of projects. Noise should also be considered in relation to present and future land use zoning and policies. Construction noise can be a significant source of community noise. The impacts of concern on people near the construction site, who are totally unrelated to construction activities (e.g. area residents, office workers, school children, staff, etc.). Factors which are important in determining noise levels that will potentially impact such populations include distance from the noise source, natural or man-made barriers between the source and the impacted population, weather conditions which could potentially absorb, reflect or focus sound (such as wind speed, direction, temperature inversions), the scale and intensity of the particular construction phase (excavation, erection, or finishing). The Environment/ health impacts of noise can vary from Noise Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL) to annoyance depending on loudness of noise levels and tolerance levels of individual. 3.5.1 Source of Noise The main sources of noise in the study area are domestic activities, industrial activities and vehicular traffic. 3.5.2 Noise Levels in the Study Area Noise levels have been monitored at 7 locations within the study zone, using a noise measurement device. Random noise level measurement locations were identified for assessment of existing noise level status, keeping in view of the land use pattern, residential areas in villages, schools, bus stands, etc., the day levels of noise have been monitored during 6 AM to 10 PM and the night levels during 10 PM to 6 AM. The noise monitoring stations are shown in Table 3.11 and Figure 3.5. The results are presented in Table 3.12. M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited 3.21 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Table 3.11 Noise monitoring locations W.R.T. Site Name of the Longitude Code Distance Latitude (North) Locations Direction (East) (km) ° N1 Site - - 20°57’07.5” 85 53’31.5” ° N2 Sukinda 2.8 NE 20°58’04.7” 85 55’00.1” ° ° N3 Baulapal 3.0 NNE 20 58’56.0” 85 54’14.6” ° N4 Khararhi 4.7 SE 20°55’49.6” 85 55’59.0” ° N5 Anantpur 5.4 SW 20°55’35.1” 85 51’34.9” ° N6 Malukhamba 4.4 NW 20°58’20.2” 85 51’44.3” ° N7 Kanakhaal 4.1 SSW 20°54’44.2” 85 52’10.0” M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited 3.22 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Figure 3.5 Noise sampling locations map M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited 3.23 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Table 3.12 Noise levels in the study area – dB (A) Time (Hours) N1 N2 N3 N4 N5 N6 N7 1.00 41.7 41.2 40.5 41.1 42.5 40.3 40.1 2.00 40.2 42.2 42.7 41.3 43.1 42.3 42.5 3.00 42.1 43.2 41.2 42.3 44.3 43.6 43.8 4.00 43.4 44.5 42.3 43.3 44.7 44.5 44.2 Residential Area Residential Commercial Area Commercial 5.00 45.5 48.9 43.4 44.6 45.6 48.5 45.7 – 6.00 52.3 53.2 51.7 50.2 53.3 53.3 54.3 – 7.00 54.3 54.3 52.8 53.2 52.7 54.6 55.6 8.00 54.6 55.4 53.1 54.3 53.6 53.5 53.4 Feb 2000 Feb 9.00 54.3 56.5 53.4 55.4 54.2 54.3 55.8 th 10.00 55.4 55.4 52.2 56.7 53.4 55.8 54.3 11.00 53.2 54.5 53.8 55.7 53.8 54.8 53.2 12.00 52.8 52.4 52.4 54.6 52.3 53.6 51.8 13.00 51.6 52.2 52.1 53.8 53.7 53.8 53.5 14.00 52.8 53.2 52.9 54.6 54.2 53.8 53.7 15.00 53.3 54.3 53.4 53.8 54.8 53.6 55.4 16.00 54.3 55.4 52.3 55.8 52.4 54.8 51.1 17.00 53.4 54.3 54.5 55.9 54.5 55.7 52.4 18.00 54.6 53.1 54.2 52.4 54.1 53.7 54.3 respect of Noise SO 123 ( E ) dt 14th Feb 2000 Feb 14th ) dt (E 123 SO Noise of respect 19.00 53.7 53.5 54.8 53.7 54.8 54.1 53.5 20.00 52.8 52.4 54.6 53.1 54.6 53.6 51.6 21.00 51.7 51.3 53.7 51.6 53.5 52.2 48.5 22.00 44.3 43.5 44.6 47.6 44.8 43.2 44.7 23.00 43.2 42.6 44.2 44.5 44.4 41.8 42.4 AAQ Standards in in Standards AAQ 24.00 42.1 41.7 43.5 42.3 44.2 41.1 41.3 14 ) dt (E 123 SO Noise of respect in Standards AAQ M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited 3.24 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Min 40.2 41.2 40.5 41.1 42.5 40.3 40.1 Max 55.4 56.5 54.8 56.7 54.8 55.8 55.8 Lday 53.6 54.1 53.3 54.3 53.8 54.2 53.6 55 65 Lnight 42.0 42.2 42.4 43.2 43.5 42.0 42.4 45 55 M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited 3.25 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Regional Scenario The values of noise observed in some of the rural areas are primarily owing to vehicular traffic and other anthropogenic activities. In rural areas wind blowing and chirping of birds would contribute to noise levels especially during the nights. The day equivalents during the study period are ranging between 53.3 to 54.3 dB (A) whereas the night equivalents were in the range of 42.0 to 43.5 dB (A). From the results it can be seen that the day equivalents and the night equivalents were within the Ambient Noise Standards of residential area. 3.6 Traffic Study Traffic studies are required to assess the traffic density pattern of the region and to assist the proponent in planning vehicular movement during the project activity. The methodology adopted for carrying out the traffic study was to select the major roads around the project site and count the various categories of vehicles moving on these roads. The traffic survey was carried out at site road and the details of it are given in Table 3.13. The details of the vehicular movement were recorded. Table 3.13 Traffic survey at site road Heavy Three Passenger Cars & Two Wheeler Commercial Total Vehicles Wheeler Pick-up Vans Hours Vehicles (HCV) Total v/hr PCU/hr v/hr PCU/hr v/hr PCU/hr v/hr PCU/hr Total PCU/hr 6-7 am 421 316 18 36 90 90 7 26 536 468 7-8 am 434 326 13 26 102 102 10 37 559 491 8-9 am 454 341 11 32 121 121 11 41 597 534 9-10 am 465 349 16 32 118 118 11 41 610 539 10-11 am 343 257 12 24 44 44 12 44 411 370 11-12 pm 312 234 10 20 74 74 13 48 409 376 12-1 pm 380 285 16 32 92 92 15 56 503 465 1-2 pm 254 191 19 38 115 115 17 63 405 406 2-3 pm 216 162 11 22 87 87 20 74 334 345 3-4 pm 160 120 5 10 71 71 22 81 258 282 4-5 pm 82 62 8 16 50 50 23 85 163 213 M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited 3.26 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha 5-6 pm 71 53 7 14 22 22 24 89 124 178 6-7 pm 54 41 3 6 21 21 13 48 91 116 7-8 pm 43 32 5 10 17 17 8 30 73 89 8-9pm 32 24 4 8 14 14 5 19 55 65 9-10pm 23 17 3 6 12 12 4 15 42 50 10-11pm 16 12 2 4 11 11 2 7 31 34 The highest peak observed is 539 PCU/hr during 9 to 10 am Total width of the Road in meters ( Sub-Arterial Road) 10 Carrying capacity of the road (the road is 2 lane 2 way road) 1200 As per IRC:106-1990 (PCU’s per hour) Existing V/C Ratio 0.45 LOS=Level of Service (Existing ) C V/C LOS Performance 0.0 - 0.2 A Excellent 0.2 - 0.4 B Very good 0.4 - 0.6 C Good 0.6 - 0.8 D Fair/Average 0.8 - 1.0 E Poor 1.0 & above F Very poor 3.7 Soil Quality The present study on soil quality establishes the baseline characteristics in the study area surrounding the project site. The study has been addressed with the following objectives. To determine the base line characteristics. To determine the soil characteristics of proposed project site. To determine the impact of industrialization/ urbanization on soil characteristics. To determine the impacts on soils from agricultural productivity point of view. 3.7.1 Criteria Adopted for Selection of Sampling Locations For studying the soil types and soil characteristics, 8 sampling locations were selected to assess the existing soil conditions representing various land use conditions and geological features. The homogenized soil samples collected at different locations were packed in a polyethylene plastic bag and sealed. The sealed samples were sent to laboratory for analysis. The important physical, chemical parameter concentrations were determined from all the samples. M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited 3.27 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha 3.7.2 Soil Sampling Locations Details of the soil sampling locations are given in Table 3.14 and the soil sampling location map is given in Figure 3.6. Table 3.14 Soil sampling locations W.R.T. Site Name of the Latitude Longitude Code Locations Distance (km) Direction (North) (East) S1 Site - - 20°57’07.5” 85°53’31.5” S2 Sukinda 2.8 NE 20°58’04.7” 85°55’00.1” S3 Baulapal 3.0 NNE 20°58’57.4” 85°54’14.7” S4 Khararhi 4.7 SE 20°55’49.6” 85°55’59.0” S5 Anantpur 5.4 SW 20°55’35.1” 85°51’34.9” S6 Malukhamba 4.4 NW 20°58’20.2” 85°51’44.3” S7 Harirhabahali 1.2 S 20°56’34.9” 85°53’31.4” S8 Kanakhaal 4.1 SSW 20°54’44.2” 85°52’10.0” M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited 3.28 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Figure 3.6 Soil sampling locations map M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited 3.29 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Table 3.15 Soil analysis results Standard Soil Classification – Indian Council of Parameter Unit S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 Agricultural Research, New Delhi Sandy Clay Sandy Sandy Clay Clay Sandy Clay Texture - Loam Loam Loam Loam Loam Loam Loam Loam Color - Brown Brown Reddish Brown Brown Reddish Brown Brown Acidic <6.0 Normal to saline 6.0 – 8.5 pH ( 1:5 extract) -- 6.6 7.2 6.9 7.2 7.5 7.1 7.9 7.3 Tending to become alkaline 8.6-9.0 Alkaline > 9.0 Normal <1000 Critical for germination 1000 – 2000 EC ( 1:5 extract) µs/cm 109 158 167 152 153 125 182 161 Critical for growth 2000- 4000 Injurious to most crops > 4000 Bulk Density g/cc 1.44 1.42 1.38 1.41 1.42 1.38 1.42 1.36 Moisture content % 8.4 7.8 7.6 7.4 7.3 7.5 8.1 7.9 Total organic Carbon % 1.33 1.13 1.43 1.23 1.34 1.23 1.28 1.23 Low <0.5%, Medium 0.5-0.75%, High >0.75% Calcium as Ca mg/Kg 656 745 784 1321 1223 788 823 640 Magnesium as Mg mg/Kg 343 443 388 686 645 423 467 343 Available Potassium as K Kg/Ha 32 28 23 20 40 31 38 36 Low below 110; Medium 110 to 280; High above 280 Available Nitrogen as N Kg/Ha 209 211 228 180 250 244 272 261 Low below 280; Medium 280 to 560; High above 560 Available Phosphorus as P Kg/Ha 8.4 10.8 7.9 6.4 7.8 4.8 11.8 4.6 Low below 10; Medium 10 to 25; High above 25 Chloride as Cl mg/Kg 23.3 31.2 24.1 58.3 132 38.6 41.8 46.5 Copper as Cu mg/Kg <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 Boron as B mg/Kg 1.4 1.6 1.5 1.8 1.7 1.9 2.1 2.3 Zinc as Zn mg/Kg 18 12 15 22 11 24 28 19.6 Lead as Pb mg/Kg 8.3 5.4 6.3 11.3 6.5 8.2 14.3 7.8 M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited 3.30 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha 3.7.3 Regional Scenario The analytical results of the soil samples collected during the study period are summarized in above Table 3.15. The pH of the soil is an important property as plants cannot grow in low and high pH soils. The normal range of the soils from 6.0 to 8.5 is called as normal to saline soils. Most of the essential nutrients like N, P, K, Cl and SO4 are available for plants at the neutral pH, except for Fe, Mn and Al which are available at low pH range. The soils having pH below 7 are considered to be acidic from the practical standpoint, those with pH less than 5.5 and which respond to liming may be considered to qualify to be designated as acid soils. On the basis of pH measurements, the degree of soil acidity may be indicated. The pH values in the study area are varying from 6.6 to 7.9. Based on the electrical conductivity, the soils are classified into 4 groups (Normal, Critical for germination, Critical for growth of the sensitive crops, Injurious to most crops). The electrical conductivity in the study area is varying from 109 to 182 µs/cm indicating that soils fall under normal category. The organic carbon in the study area is varying from 1.13 to1.43 %. The other important parameters for characterization of soil for irrigation are N, P, K. Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium are known as primary nutrients; Calcium, Magnesium and Sulphur as secondary nutrients. The primary and secondary nutrient elements are known as major elements. This classification is based on their relative abundance and not on their relative importance. Nitrogen encourages the vegetative development of plants by imparting a healthy green colour to the leaves. It also controls, to some extent, the efficient utilization of phosphorus and potassium. Its deficiency retards growth and root development, turns the foliage yellowish or pale green, hastens maturity, causes the shriveling of grains and lowers crop yield. The older leaves are affected first. An excess of nitrogen produces leathery (and sometimes crinkled), M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited 3.31 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha dark green leaves and results in succulent growth. It also delays the maturation of plants, impairs the quality of crops like barley, potato, tobacco, sugarcane and fruits increases susceptibility to diseases and causes ”lodging” of cereal crops by inducing an undue lengthening of the stem internodes. The available nitrogen as N in the study area is varying from 180 to 272 kg/ha, all the samples are falling under low category. Phosphorus influences the vigor of plants and improves the quality of crops. It encourages the formation of new cells, promotes root growth (particularly the development of fibrous roots), and hastens leaf development, the emergence of ears, the formation of grains and the maturation of crops. It also increases resistance to disease and strengthens the stems of cereal plants, thus reducing their tendency to lodge. It offsets the harmful effects of excess nitrogen in the plant. When applied to leguminous crops it hastens and encourages the development of nitrogen fixing nodule bacteria. If phosphorus is deficient in the soil, plants fail to make a quick start, do not develop a satisfactory root-system, remain stunted, and sometimes develop a tendency to show a reddish or purplish discoloration of the stem and foliage owing to an abnormal increase in the sugar content and the formation of anthocyanin. However the deficiency of this element is not so easily recognized as that of nitrogen. It has also been observed that cattle feeding on the produce of phosphorus deficient soils become dwarfed, develop stiff joints and lose the velvety feel of the skin. Such animals show an abnormal craving for eating bones and even soil itself. In the study area available phosphorus is varying from 4.6- 11.8 kg/ha, two samples are falling medium range and rest all samples are falling in low category. Potassium enhances the ability of the plants to resist diseases, insect attacks, cold and other adverse conditions. It plays an essential part in the formation of starch and in the production and translocation of sugars and is thus of special value to carbohydrates rich crops e.g. sugarcane, potato and sugar beet. The increased production of starch and sugar in legumes fertilized with potash benefits the symbiotic bacteria and thus enhances the fixation of nitrogen. It also improves the quality of M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited 3.32 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha tobacco, citrus etc. With an adequate supply of potash, cereals produce plump grains and strong straw. But excess of the element tends to delay maturity, though not to the same extent as nitrogen. Plants can take up and store potassium in much larger quantities than what is needed for optimum growth and this excess uptake is known as luxury consumption. With the maturity or death of plants, potassium is washed out from the plant body readily. Vegetables and legumes are particularly heavy consumers of potassium. The deficiency of potassium produces the characteristic ringing of alfalfa leaves with rows of small white spots, reddish brown discoloration of cotton leaves, the drying, scorching and curbing of leaf margins of potato, intravenal chlorosis and flaring along the edges of maize leaves. The older leaves are affected first. The available potassium in the study area is varying between 20 to 40 kg/ha which indicates that all samples are falling under low category. 3.8 Biological Environment 3.8.1 Introduction An ecological survey of the study area was conducted particularly with reference to recording the existing biological resources in the study area. Ecological studies are one of the important aspects of Environmental Impact Assessment with a view to conserve environmental quality and biodiversity. The present objective is to study an area 10 km radius from the proposed project site. Ecological systems show complex inter-relationships between biotic and abiotic components including dependence, competition and mutualism. Biotic components comprise of both plant and animal communities, which interact not only within and between themselves but also with the abiotic components viz. physical and chemical components of the environment. Generally, biological communities are good indicators of climatic and edaphic factors. Studies on biological aspects of ecosystems are important in Environmental Impact Assessment for safety of natural flora and fauna. The biological environment includes terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited 3.33 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha The animal and plant communities co-exist in a well-organized manner. Their natural settings can get disturbed by any externally induced anthropological activities or by naturally occurring calamities or disaster. So, once this setting is disturbed, it sometimes is either practically impossible or may take a longer time to come back to its original state. Hence, changes in the status of flora and fauna are an elementary requirement of Environmental Impact Assessment studies, in view of the need for conservation of environmental quality and biodiversity. Information on flora and fauna was collected within the study area. Relevant details on aquatic life within the study area were collected from related government offices. Generation of base-line data and knowing the types and extents of pollutants would be the first step of the environmental study report. The biological assessment is trustworthy and acceptable method to understand the impact of surroundings. This leads to suggesting remedial measures for minimizing impact. The aim of environment management plan is to manage the ecosystems with least alterations because only this can make ecosystem stable. Terrestrial Ecological Studies Objectives of Ecological Study The main objective of the survey is to collect the information about the ecology and biodiversity of the project site and its surrounding of the project site within 10 km radius. Generated baseline data from field observations from various terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems; to assess the distribution of flora and fauna, in and around of the project site. Compare field data with authentic past records to understand changes characterize the environmental components like land, water, flora and fauna. Methodology adopted for the survey To accomplish the above objectives, a general ecological survey covering an area of 10 km radius from the proposed project boundary was done as follows: M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited 3.34 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha 1. Reconnaissance survey for selection of sampling sites in and around the site on the basis of meteorological conditions. 2. Compilation of secondary data from published literature of Forest Division. 3. Primary data generation through systematic studies which was done through: Generation of primary data to understand baseline ecological status, fauna structure and important floristic elements . Preparing a checklist of plants observed at the site. . Determining the bird population by taking random readings at every location. . Observing mammals, reptiles, amphibians, insects through their calls, droppings, burrows, pugmarks and other signs. . Interaction with local residents 4. Collection of secondary data from Forest Working Plan and Gazetteers. The compilation of primary and secondary data for flora and fauna is appended. Primary data collected from core and buffer zone of the project site, surrounding villages. Flora of the Study Area: The environmental setting and flora present within the area identified for setting up of proposed ICHWTSDF facility were studied. The area identified for the ICHWTSDF facility, near Jajpur is referred to hereafter as the core area while its surroundings extending up to 10 Km radius is referred to as the buffer zone. Total area of the proposed site is 70 Acres. The core area is sparsely covered by shrubs, thorny bushes, some trees. Few reserve and protected forests are present within the study area, namely Balibo Reserve Forest – 3.5 km, Pubal Protected Forest – 3 km, Barbati Protected Forest – 3 km, Sunajhari Protected Forest – 5 km, Mahagiri Protected Forest – 8 km, Dhalparha Reserve Forest – 9 km, Bhuban Reserve Forest – 10 km. Brahmani River is flowing at a distance of 10km from the site. The list of flora observed at the study area and surrounding of the project site is given in Table 3.16. The list of aquatic macrophytes found in the study area are given in Table 3.17 M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited 3.35 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Table 3.16 List of flora in the study area S. No. Scientific Name Common/Local Name Family 1 Acacia Arabica Babool Mimosaceae 2 Acacia catechu Dant-dhavan Mimosaceae 3 Adina cordifolia Kurum Rubiaceae 4 Aegle Marmelos Bel Rutaceae 5 Albizia lebbeck Saras Mimosaceae 6 Alstonia scholaris Saptaparni Apocynaceae 7 Anogeissus latifolia Dhavl Combretaceae 8 Aphanamixis polystachya Harin-hara Meliaceae 9 Artocarpus heterophyllus Katahal Moraceae 10 Azadirachta indica Neem Meliaceae 11 Bombax ceiba Shalmali Bombacaceae 12 Bridelia retusa Kaji Phyllanthaceae 13 Buchanania cochinchinensis Char Anacardiaceae 14 Butea monosperma Sacred Tree Fabaceae 15 Calotropis procera Aak Asclepiadaceae 16 Cassia fistula Amaltas Caesalpiniaceae 17 Cleistanthus collinus Garari Euphorbiaceae 18 Cocus nucifera Coconut Arecaceae 19 Combretum decandrum Combretum Combretaceae 20 Convolvulus arvensis Shankh Pushpi Convolvulaceae 21 Croton species Rushfoil Euphorbiaceae 22 Cynodon dactylon Doob Poaceae 23 Cyperus odoratus Fragrant Flat Sedge Cyperaceae 24 Dalbergia sissoo Shisham Fabaceae 25 Delonix regia Gulmohar Caesalpiniaceae 26 Dendrocalamus strictus Bans Poaceae 27 Dendrolobium triangulare Lapoti Fabaceae 28 Dichanthium annulatum Marvel grass Poaceae 29 Diospyros melanoxylon Abnus Ebenaceae 30 Dodonaea viscosa Hopbush Sapindaceae 31 Eichhornia crassipes Jal Kumbhi Pontederiaceae 32 Euphorbia hirta Bara dudhi Euphorbiaceae M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited 3.36 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha S. No. Scientific Name Common/Local Name Family 33 Eucalyptus hybrid Mysore gum Myrtaceae 34 Ficus bengalensis Barh Moraceae 35 Ficus racemosa Goolar Moraceae 36 Ficus religiosa Aswattha Moraceae 37 Gmelina arborea Gamhar Verbenaceae 38 Grevillea robusta Silky oak Proteaceae 39 Hibiscus rosa sinensis China rose Malvaceae 40 Holarrhena pubescens Karva indrajau Apocynaceae 41 Hymenodictyon orixense Kala bachnag Rubiaceae 42 Imperata arundinacea Chiru Poaceae 43 Ipomea carnea Morning glory Convolvulaceae 44 Ixora coccinea flame of the woods Rubiaceae 45 Jatropha curcas Physic nut Euphorbiaceae 46 Lagerstroemia parviflora Sidi Lythraceae 47 Lantana camara Raimuniya Verbenaceae 48 Lawsonia inermis Hennas Lythraceae 49 Leucaena leucocephala Safed babool Mimosaceae 50 Madhuca longifolia Mahul Sapotaceae 51 Mangifera indica Aam Anacardiaceae 52 Melia azadirachta Batra Meliaceae 53 Mimosa pudica Chui-mui Mimosaceae 54 Mimusops elengi Spanish cherry Sapotaceae 55 Neolamarckia cadamba Kadam Rubiaceae 56 Nerium indicum Olendar Apocynaceae 57 Parthenium hysterophorus Gajar ghas Asteraceae 58 Peltophorum pterocarpum Radhachuda Fabaceae 59 Phoenix acaulis Khajur Arecaceae 60 Pongamia pinnata Karanj Fabaceae 61 Prosopis juliflora Junglee kikar Fabaceae 62 Psidium guayava Gauva Myrtaceae 63 Pterocarpus marsupium Beeja patta Fabaceae 64 Ricinus communis Arandi Euphorbiaceae 65 Schleichera oleosa Kusum Sapindaceae 66 Semecarpus anacardium Bhilawan Anacardiaceae 67 Senna siamea Seemia Caesalpiniaceae M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited 3.37 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha S. No. Scientific Name Common/Local Name Family 68 Shorea robusta Sal Dipterocarpaceae 69 Spondias pinnata Ambara Anacardiaceae 70 Stereospermum chelonoides Padeli Bignoniaceae 71 Syzygium cumini Jamun Myrtaceae 72 Tamarindus indica Imli Caesalpiniaceae 73 Tecoma stans Yellow bells Bignoniaceae 74 Tectona grandis Sagun Verbenaceae 75 Terminalia arjuna Arjun Combretaceae 76 Terminalia bellirica Bahera Combretaceae 77 Terminalia chebula Harra Combretaceae 78 Xylia xylocarpa Jambu Mimosaceae Table 3.17 List of aquatic macrophytes found in the study area S.No Botanical Name Common/Local Name Family 1 Cyperus exaltatus Nut grass Cyperaceae 2 Alternanthera philoxeroides Alligator weed Solanaceae 3 Brachiaria mutica Para grass Poaceae 4 Carex cruciate Carex Cyperaceae 5 Alternanthera sessilis dwarf copper leaf Solanaceae 6 Echinochloa colona Jungle rice Poaceae Fauna The core area is not isolated from its surroundings by barrier and there are no chances for any kind of restriction of wild animal to the core area or the buffer area. As they are capable of moving from place to place either for food or shelter or mate, it is not proper to list them separately for different areas. Hence, common list is prepared based on available secondary data and on the basis of direct observation, indirect or circumstantial evidence such as foot prints, feathers, skin, hair, hooves etc. M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited 3.38 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha The presence of fauna depends on topography and vegetation in the area. The domesticated animals like dog, cat, buffalo, cow, goat, sheep, hen, rabbit, etc. are found in the study area. The reptiles like snake, lizard are also found in the study area. Among the birds mainly crow (Corvus splendens), green parrot (Psttacula krameri), pigeon (Columba livia) are found in the area. The list of fauna observed during primary survey and based on secondary sources is given in Table 3.18. Table 3.18 List of fauna in the study area S. No Scientific Name Common Name Schedule Mammals 1 Pteropus giganteus Indian Flying Fox Schedule IV 2 Macaca mullata Rhesus Macaque Schedule II 3 Funambulus palamarum Indian palm squirrel Schedule IV 4 Rattus rattus Rat Schedule V 5 Suncus caeruleus Big Rat Schedule V 6 Leptus nigricolis Indian Hare Schedule IV 7 Herpesters edwardsi Indian Grey Mongoose Schedule II 8 Vulpus bengalensis Indian Fox Schedule II Reptiles 1 Calotes versicolor Oriental Garden Lizard Schedule IV 2 Sitana ponticenriana Fan-throated Lizard Schedule IV 3 Chamaeleon zeylanicus Indian Chameleon Schedule II 4 Hemidactylus frenatus Wall Lizard Schedule IV 5 Varanus sivalensis Monitor Lizard Schedule II 6 Dryx johnii Indian Sand Boa Schedule IV 7 Bungarus faciatus Banded Krait Schedule IV 8 Naja Naja Cobra Schedule II 9 Vipera ruselli Viper Schedule II 10 Echis carinatus Saw Scaled Viper Schedule IV 11 Lycodon aulicus Indian Wolf Snake Schedule IV Amphibians 1 Rana hexadactyla Frog Schedule IV 2 Rana tigrina Tiger Frog Schedule IV M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited 3.39 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha 3 Bufo melanostictus South Indian Toad Schedule IV 4 Cacopus bystema Burrowing Frog Schedule IV Avian Fauna 1 Pelecanus philippensis Gray Pelican Schedule IV 2 Ardea cinerea Grey Heron Schedule IV 3 Egretta garzetta Little Egret Schedule IV 4 Columba livia Rock Dove Schedule IV 5 Bulbulcus ibis Cattle Egret Schedule IV 6 Milvus migrans Black Kite Schedule IV 7 Alcedo meninting Blue-Eared kingfisher Schedule IV 8 Ducula anenea Green Imperial Pigeon Schedule IV 9 Psttacula krameri Rose-Ringed Parakeet Schedule IV 10 Corvus splendens House Crow Schedule V 11 Cuculus micropterus Indian Cuckoo Schedule IV 12 Passer domesticus Indian House Sparrow Schedule IV 13 Chrysocolaptes festivus White-Naped Woodpecker Schedule IV 14 Phoenicopterus roseus Grater Flamingo Schedule IV 15 Pitta brachyuran Indian Pitta Schedule IV 16 Francolinus pondicerianus Grey Francolin Schedule IV 17 Hirundo rustica Barn Swallow Schedule IV 18 Hypsipetes madagascariensis Malagasy bulbul Schedule IV 19 Anas Species Duck Schedule IV Pisces 1 Periophthalamus species Mud skipper - 2 Catla catla Indian carp - 3 Labio rohita Rohu fish - 4 Cirrhinus cirrhosis Mrigala fish - Wildlife Sanctuaries/ National Parks/ Biosphere Reserve/REET Species There are no National Parks, Wildlife Sanctuaries, Biosphere Reserves and Important Bird Areas (IBA) within the study area. There are no reports of occurrence of any rare or endangered or endemic or threatened (REET) fauna in the study area. There are no records of any conflict of wildlife such as Elephants or Leopards with humans. None of the species reported or recorded from the study area placed in Schedule I of the Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972. Except for M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited 3.40 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha reserve and protected forests and river as mentioned earlier, there are no wildlife habitats capable of sustaining any REET forms for fauna. Greenbelt Development The existing green belt would be further developed to cover an area of 33% of the total land allotted for the proposed facility. Emphasis will be placed on social forestry programme wherein tree plantation would be undertaken within the plant premises. As per the CPCB guidelines, the project area falls under the Eastern Plateau & Hills climatic zone and the climate of this zone is dry sub humid type. Most of the region is covered with medium to deep black red and yellow soils. The green belt will be developed with fast growing, tolerant and native species. M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited 3.41 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Figure 3.7 Sensitivity map of proposed site 3.9 Land Use/ Land Cover Details The satellite based remote sensing is a sustainable global information system because it has the potential to meet the needs and demands of the present and future. The synoptic average, which provides capability for integration of real time information on regional and global scales, is a unique characteristic of this information system. Its versatility lies in its inherent capability to conceptualize situation to give clear perceptions for defining short term and long term objectives. An activity could bring about changes in the Land use and Land cover in the vicinity. A data base on land use and land cover indicates ecosystems existing in and around the center of an economic activity, to safeguard and to allow comparison at a future date to draw conclusions on the nature. The study reported here is with the honest intention of building such a database on land use and land cover in an area within about 10 km radius of the proposed project. M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited 3.42 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Methodology The methodology adopted in analysis and interpretation of FCC-LISS IV data of Indian Remote Sensing Satellite (IRS – P6) covering the study area. The data was analyzed adopting a man- machine interactive approach through an interactive process of combining field observations and data interpretation. The image processing software ‘ERDAS Imagine 9.2 V was used for the Image Analysis and Map Composition. The base map information such as major roads, railways network and drainage networks were extracted from the available survey of India (SOI) Toposheets on 1:50,000 scale vectorized using “ARC/INFO” (Geographic Information System) Software. Satellite imagery of 10 km radius study area is given in Figure 3.8. The land-use and land cover of the study area (10 km radius of the project site) is provided in Figure 3.9. The land utilization pattern in 10 km radius study area is given in Table 3.19. Table 3.19 Land utilization pattern of the study area Area for 10 km radius Area for 2 km radius LU/LC Class (in hectares) (in hectares) Built-up 2531 111 Agriculture crop land 20239 577 Agriculture plantation 122 -- Forest 1619 132 Scrub forest 534 109 Forest plantation 961 385 Wasteland scrub 2827 26 Barren/Rocky areas 22 -- Water bodies 579 8 Total 29434 1216 M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited 3.43 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Pie diagram for percentages of Lu/LC classes covered within 10 km radius study area 2.0 0.1 3.3 9.6 1.8 5.5 8.6 0.4 68.8 Agriculture Agriculture plantation Builtup Forest Degraded forest Forest plantation Scrub/nonscrub Barren/rocky areas Waterbody M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited 3.44 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Figure 3.8 Satellite imagery of 10 km radius of study area M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited 3.45 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Figure 3.9 Land Use/land cover map of the study area up to 10 km radius M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited 3.46 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha 3.10 Demography and Socio-Economics (secondary data description) This section illustrates the prevailing socio-economic aspects of villages in the 10 km radius of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Kanchichua village, in Jajpur Dist., Odisha. The following pages attempts to comprehend the social phenomenon so as to represent the demographic, occupational, gender and diversity among the project area villages, thereby postulate impactful developmental interventions. 3.10.1 Methodology Adopted for the Study Afore mentioned, the Socio-Economic study covers villages in the 10 km radial distance from the periphery of the proposed project site at Kanchichua village. The study area covers a total of 132 villages, including census towns in 4 Tahsils; namely Sukinda, Dangidi & Dharmasala in Jajapur district and Bhuban tehsil of Denkhenal District. The Socio-Economic study categorizes these villages/towns/wards in to 3 Zones, namely Core Zone (0 to 2 Km radius), Buffer Zone (2 km to 5 km) and other villages which are in 5 to 10 km distance from the proposed site. The study also adopts a two-fold methodology for data collection, namely, review of published secondary data and analysis of primary data. Secondary data was collected from district census statistics of 2011, which includes: demography, occupational structure, literacy profile and Social structure etc. Similarly, the primary data was collected through a range of research techniques and tools like: transact walk, structured questionnaire, Focus group discussions, observations and key stakeholder interactions. The primary data was also collected through random survey covering a sample of 5% of households in the core project area villages. The salient features of the demographic and socio-economic aspects in the Core and Buffer Zone (hereafter referred as Study area) has been described in the following sections. Similarly, village wise demographic data as per 2011 census is presented in subsequent annexure. 3-47 M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Socio-Economic profile of the study area: 3.10.2 Demographic Aspects 3.10.2.1 Distribution of Population As per 2011 census the study area consists of 1,79,754 people and the distribution of population in the study area is given in Table 3.20. Table 3.20 Distribution of population in the study area Total S.No Particulars 0-2km 2-5km 5-10km (0-10 km) 1 Number of households 1596 7605 29194 38395 2 Male population 3966 18101 69907 91974 3 Female population 3864 17488 66428 87780 4 Total population 7830 35589 136335 179754 5 SC population 810 5117 18109 24036 6 ST population 2590 11047 9259 22896 7 Total population (0-6 years) 1065 5046 19086 25197 8 Average household size 4.9 4.7 4.7 4.7 Percentage of males to the total 9 50.7 50.9 51.3 51.2 population Percentage of females to the total 10 49.3 49.1 48.7 48.8 population Sex ratio (number of females per 11 974.3 966.1 950.2 954.4 1000 males) Source: District Primary Census statistics of Odisha -2011 As illustrated in the above table, the gender diversity, as percentage of men and women constitute about 50.7% and 49.3% in the study area respectively. Average Household Size: According to the Census data of 2011, study area had an average family size of 5 persons per household. This represents nuclear family type and also in similarity with other parts of the district. 3-48 M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Population Density: It is estimated that the average density of population of the study area is 345 persons per km2. Sex Ratio: To reiterate; the male and female constitute 50.7% and 49.3% respectively and number of females per 1000 males is 954. 3.10.3 Social Structure The Socio-Economic study observed that 42.8% of people belong to scheduled category, in which 29.4% belongs to Scheduled Tribes (ST), and Scheduled Castes (SC) comprises 13.4% of total population. The distribution of population in the study area by social structure is illustrated in Table 3.21. Table 3.21 Distribution of population by social structure S. No. Particulars 0-2 km 2-5 km 5-10 km 0-10 km 1 SC population 810 5117 18109 24036 2 ST population 2590 11047 39272 52909 3 % of SC to the total population 10.3 14.4 13.3 13.4 4 % of ST to the total population 33.1 31.0 28.8 29.4 5 Total SC & ST Population 3400 16164 57381 76945 6 Percentage to the total population 43.4 45.4 42.1 42.8 7 Total population 7830 35589 136355 179774 Source: District Primary Census statistics of Odisha- 2011 3-49 M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha 3.10.4 Literacy Levels The analysis of the literacy levels in selected villages of study area, reveals that an average literacy rate of 61.1% as per 2011 census data. However, the male literacy of the study area is 57.5%, whereas literacy rate among women, which is an important indicator for social change, is also estimated to be 42.5%. The distribution of literates and literacy rates in the study area is illustrated in Table 3.22. Table 3.22 Distribution of literate and literacy rates S. No. Particulars 0-2 km 2-5 km 5-10 km 0-10 km 1 Male population 3966 18101 69907 91974 2 Female population 3864 17488 66428 87780 3 Total population 7830 35589 136335 179754 4 Male literates 2674 12117 48308 63099 5 Female literates 2104 9137 35411 46652 6 Total literates 4778 21254 83719 109751 7 Male literacy rate (%) 56.0 57.0 57.7 57.5 8 Female literacy rate (%) 44.0 43.0 42.3 42.5 9 Male literates to the male population (%) 67.4 66.9 69.1 68.6 10 Female literates to the female population (%) 54.5 52.2 53.3 53.1 11 Total literacy rate (%) 61.0 59.7 61.4 61.1 Source: District Primary Census statistics of Odisha -2011 3.10.5 Occupational Structure The occupational structure of project area is studied with reference three categories via., main workers, marginal workers and non-workers. According to Census Department of India, the main workers include 4 categories of workers - cultivators, agricultural laborers, those engaged in manufacturing, processing and repairs in household industry; and others including those 3-50 M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha engaged in household industry, construction, trade and commerce, transport and communication and all other services. The marginal workers are those workers engaged in some work for a period of less than six months during the reference year prior to the census survey. The non-workers include those engaged in unpaid household duties, students, retired persons, dependents, beggars, vagrants etc.; institutional inmates or all other non-workers who do not fall under the above categories. As per 2011 census, a total of 22.5% main workers are present in the study area. The marginal workers and non-workers constitute to 10.3% and 67.2% of the total population respectively. Therefore, non-workers are predominant in that of workers by occupation. The occupational structure of the study area is given in Table 3.23. Table 3.23 Occupational structure S. Particulars 0-2 km 2-5 km 5-10 km 0-10 km No. 1 Total population 7830 35589 136355 179774 2 Total workers 2631 12066 44338 59035 Work participation rate (%) 3 33.6 33.9 32.5 32.8 (Total workers/Total population)*100 4 Main workers 2125 8048 30337 40510 Percentage of main workers to total 5 27.1 22.6 22.2 22.5 population 6 Marginal workers 506 4018 14001 18525 Percentage of marginal workers to total 7 6.5 11.3 10.3 10.3 population 8 Non-workers 5199 23523 91997 120719 Percentage of non-workers to total 9 66.4 66.1 67.5 67.2 population 10 Dependency ratio 2.0 1.9 2.1 2.0 Source: District Primary Census statistics of Odisha -2011 3-51 M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha 3.10.6 Dependency Ratio Based on the occupational structure of the study area the dependency rate of non-workers on the workers category has been estimated at 2. The study also noted that overall work participation rate is only 32.8% in the project area. It is observed that majority of the educated youth are also part of the non-working population as they have limited employment opportunities in the area. Similarly, the prevalence of low industrialization and subsistence agriculture has affected the employability of local population therefore there is a need for income generation activities to strengthen the livelihoods of local population. 3.10.7 Primary Observations in the core zone The following paragraphs illustrates the current Infrastructural details in project area villages which includes, presence of educational institutions, working profile, housing typology and social composition. The data represented in the graph has been collected through interactions and Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) with primary stakeholders in the project area villages. Demographic aspects: As it is illustrated in the Table, the Sex ratio is observed as 974 women for 1000 men, and population belongs to socially weaker sections amounts to 43.4%. Occupational Structure: Similarly, according to 2011 census, main workers constitute 27.1% of the total population whereas marginal workers and non-workers constitute to 6.5% and 66.4% of the total population respectively. To reiterate, distribution of workers by occupation indicates that the non-workers are the predominant population. Literacy profile: The male literacy rate is observed as 56% and female literacy rate is observed as 44% and hence the total literacy has been recorded as 61%. 3-52 M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Health care facilities and accessibility: The data collected from the field revealed that only 55% of the villages surveyed have access to Govt. hospitals, and no villages have access to Private hospitals. Accessibility to Educational Institutions: It was observed during study that 60% of villages have primary schools; whereas 30% villages have also accessible to secondary education to children. Water Resources: Major water sources in surveyed villages are tanks and bore wells. Housing Typology: The study noted that 65% of houses are Pucca and other 35% are Kutcha houses in the project area villages Communication facilities: Post offices: It has been observed that only one village in the proposed project area has Post office, while in two other villages, these facilities under construction. The rest of villages surveyed have to access nearby towns to avail the Post office services. Electricity: All villages are accessed with electricity supply Awareness about Government schemes and programmes: Most of the villages surveyed are benefitted by government schemes such as MGNREGA (Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act), swatchch bharat mission, and convergence programs through community participation etc. The study observed that villagers are aware of the developments so far as the welfare schemes and programs of the Government. 3-53 M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Other Observations: The socio-Economic study revealed that the youth in the project area are devoid of employment opportunities. They can be a potential source of workers with minimum handholding and vocational education. The youth have expressed their willingness to setting up of industries in the area as it provides them gainful employment opportunities. Similarly, this would also trigger many direct and indirect benefits for economic advancement and social development of project area. The study also noted an active presence of local committees, Self-Help-Groups in the project area villages. Many of these groups are acting as user groups, micro-finance entities, rotating small amount of loans among the group members. CSR and developmental Activities by OWMP Since inception, the OWMP as a responsible citizen has been engaged in community development and creation of sustainable livelihoods for the targeted beneficiaries. It played an active role in developing health, education, skill development, environmental management of the villages in the project area. The following are some of the activities which are currently implemented by the TSDF. . Awareness on immunization, nutrition, sanitation . Strengthening infrastructure of Anganwadi Center . Health check-up programs for children, mother, pregnant women & old age persons. . Drinking water facility in the school by water purifier . Need based support to strengthen educational infrastructure of project area . Encouraging rural sports . Women Empowerment through tailoring and other employability initiatives . Green rallies and plantation drive in local villages 3-54 M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Suggestions for improvement of Socio-Economic Status through CSR activities The socio-Economic status of the population in the project area shall be improved through CSR and focused community development interventions. Some of the salient activities are illustrated below: Need to develop Sustainable water sources through village level Overhead tanks for the consumption of people and their livestock Periodical health checkup camps need to be conducted Convergence with NABARD to provide loan facilities to the village youth to purchase auto rickshaws or small transport vehicles which not only provides them self- employment, but also strengthen rural transportation and agriculture incomes. Youth empowerment programs through awareness creation about various government schemes, providing appropriate opportunities with relevance to their qualification and skills, conducting skills inculcating programs etc., Enhancing women empowerment through conducting skill training programmes for rural women in tailoring, manufacturing household items would enhance their income thereby create better livelihood opportunities for the rural women. These products can be purchased or marketed by company, which will provide additional employment opportunity of the rural women & adolescent girls. Veterinary camps and Para-Vet services to enhance the milk production of existing milk producing households. A number of CSR activities can be initiated in the project area villages on convergence mode whilst partnering with exiting Government schemes and financial support from developmental institutions like NABARD. 3-55 M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Table 3.24 Demographic details in the study area of 10 Kms radius S.No Name No_HH TOT_P TOT_M TOT_F P_06 P_SC P_ST P_LIT M_LIT F_LIT P_ILL 0-2 km 1 Kanchichua 116 622 310 312 119 83 355 203 130 73 419 2 Gunduchi pasi 194 939 466 473 148 0 699 473 292 181 466 3 Sukinda 1286 6269 3190 3079 798 727 1536 4102 2252 1850 2167 Total 1596 7830 3966 3864 1065 810 2590 4778 2674 2104 3052 2-5 km 4 Ampolaba 285 1258 649 609 164 500 178 850 468 382 408 5 Santarapur 82 421 208 213 62 119 0 274 157 117 147 6 Sukaran 319 1500 757 743 304 155 993 750 449 301 750 7 Baradiha 244 1073 509 564 173 158 490 541 298 243 532 8 Kharadiha 320 1538 789 749 232 131 560 782 478 304 756 9 Ambasara 239 1202 572 630 210 148 638 567 316 251 635 10 Pubal 198 858 465 393 143 160 618 264 186 78 594 11 Barapal 64 284 131 153 64 2 219 66 40 26 218 12 Jamupasi 373 1565 817 748 196 287 236 1058 603 455 507 13 Mangalpur 470 2140 1080 1060 361 213 990 1084 680 404 1056 14 Mulakhamba 92 445 223 222 72 235 209 281 180 101 164 15 Kantapal 61 308 145 163 37 0 128 153 82 71 155 16 Lembo 108 547 289 258 75 0 307 294 186 108 253 17 Bandhagan 367 1928 938 990 315 29 771 902 476 426 1026 18 Mantira 153 684 350 334 73 136 49 470 273 197 214 19 Madhapur 626 2969 1487 1482 482 204 1578 1284 712 572 1685 3-56 M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha 20 Gandhapal 224 1207 625 582 128 120 139 806 469 337 401 21 Kabata 393 1837 946 891 258 180 470 949 583 366 888 22 Bethiahata 104 495 243 252 60 47 81 278 157 121 217 23 Dhabahali 67 315 163 152 63 0 278 142 92 50 173 24 Gopapur 73 327 163 164 52 29 149 157 96 61 170 25 Mangal Pur 313 1445 749 696 203 247 376 990 570 420 455 26 Raghunathpur 97 546 277 269 61 76 77 420 224 196 126 27 Patapur 80 443 240 203 41 172 0 307 172 135 136 28 Barabati 294 1236 610 626 128 120 32 948 476 472 288 29 Bhalukhai 74 398 204 194 34 0 0 332 179 153 66 30 Ichhapur 6 23 9 14 5 0 18 8 3 5 15 31 Anantapur 226 912 492 420 101 381 221 523 320 203 389 32 Chhatakhamb 5 12 7 5 0 0 6 10 6 4 2 33 Gamargola 19 81 37 44 13 21 5 53 31 22 28 34 Kankhai 154 720 368 352 96 78 274 497 284 213 223 35 Dadhisinga 20 100 48 52 24 0 100 54 27 27 46 36 Balibo(L) 568 2573 1333 1240 266 584 127 2100 1135 965 473 37 Kesharpur 110 500 264 236 68 19 230 390 211 179 110 38 Garudabandi 201 931 476 455 113 183 320 585 350 235 346 39 Anlajhari 336 1538 798 740 201 230 180 1169 643 526 369 40 Kunda 240 1230 640 590 168 153 0 916 505 411 314 Total 7605 35589 18101 17488 5046 5117 11047 21254 12117 9137 14335 5-10 km Patapur 531 2687 1392 1295 435 70 1548 1125 723 402 1562 41 Santarapur 223 1184 592 592 221 28 632 481 307 174 703 42 Kanjiapal 91 403 201 202 71 0 287 176 111 65 227 3-57 M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha 43 Koilo 241 1063 520 543 153 1 485 521 317 204 542 44 Rankia 371 1946 928 1018 398 0 1338 642 363 279 1304 45 Pimpudia 508 2461 1272 1189 421 29 1205 1148 700 448 1313 46 Jemadeipur 82 509 249 260 116 0 493 84 68 16 425 47 Kuhika 281 1350 697 653 159 14 685 745 451 294 605 48 Sansailo 644 2903 1490 1413 458 811 271 1745 1008 737 1158 49 Olia 253 1153 595 558 159 209 190 712 406 306 441 50 Abhayapur 187 916 472 444 137 123 356 492 294 198 424 51 Bambilo 392 2117 1102 1015 251 247 374 1444 830 614 673 52 Tungei Suni 69 350 173 177 71 0 347 93 55 38 257 53 Tomka Forest Block 2849 13696 7092 6604 2562 1313 8584 5701 3693 2008 7995 54 Garamian 333 1873 962 911 298 3 1817 708 470 238 1165 55 Kakudia 135 643 323 320 122 5 508 365 212 153 278 56 Kusumundia 130 653 327 326 92 52 555 344 209 135 309 57 Bhalukipatala 195 1173 619 554 174 102 424 715 424 291 458 58 Kankadapal 203 1042 523 519 93 168 152 757 422 335 285 59 Gantayatkateni 89 461 232 229 84 0 416 172 115 57 289 60 Kaduabandi 202 995 517 478 104 145 132 689 393 296 306 61 Sulia 276 1233 601 632 218 4 607 569 329 240 664 62 Dhanurjoya Pur 279 1287 660 627 276 12 1073 429 268 161 858 63 Jamupasi 145 890 446 444 209 5 875 285 182 103 605 64 Khandara 140 787 416 371 212 0 699 283 201 82 504 65 Nadia Bhanga 437 2280 1199 1081 428 474 802 1084 664 420 1196 66 Dhamana Gadia 441 1936 958 978 322 1 1003 705 438 267 1231 67 Duburi 985 4279 2145 2134 552 333 1139 2973 1625 1348 1306 68 Hatimunda 14 50 24 26 8 0 11 34 19 15 16 3-58 M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha 69 Saransa 66 265 143 122 28 22 185 136 84 52 129 70 Baragadia 496 2323 1191 1132 273 638 97 1675 919 756 648 71 Gobara Ghati 1042 4964 2553 2411 888 113 4106 2739 1727 1012 2225 72 Ankura Pal 187 951 452 499 202 0 940 378 245 133 573 73 Mirigi Chara 221 977 488 489 221 0 905 393 258 135 584 74 Pancha Batia 12 51 27 24 4 0 0 45 25 20 6 75 Golagan 300 1438 744 694 276 74 689 718 443 275 720 76 Nimapali 488 2395 1234 1161 368 381 702 1576 891 685 819 77 Bharada Pasi 73 383 186 197 79 0 381 144 102 42 239 78 Bada Pingal 365 1937 1017 920 247 141 0 1324 787 537 613 79 Ichhapur 132 630 329 301 80 135 0 511 280 231 119 80 Balikudia 605 2896 1494 1402 322 1014 1 1961 1137 824 935 81 Rampurkaitha 137 707 368 339 76 0 0 477 276 201 230 82 Raichhanda 582 2741 1415 1326 318 530 1 1930 1079 851 811 83 Gohiratikar 60 285 130 155 50 182 0 170 88 82 115 84 Talajanga 503 2151 1102 1049 238 752 0 1592 869 723 559 85 Rekhidei Pur 248 1215 608 607 138 225 0 796 456 340 419 86 Paikara Pur 252 1141 577 564 139 150 0 818 463 355 323 87 Ragadiposi 327 1523 788 735 175 98 552 956 577 379 567 88 Baunsamuli 36 183 93 90 17 183 0 133 74 59 50 89 Mahul Tikar 6 30 15 15 1 29 0 15 6 9 15 90 Osara 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 91 Mahisara 148 661 344 317 64 320 0 471 281 190 190 92 Rampur 11 54 26 28 2 0 0 50 22 28 4 93 Dankari 215 949 465 484 130 342 318 621 342 279 328 94 Rahadpur 41 236 125 111 32 0 236 118 72 46 118 3-59 M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha 95 Paikerapur 14 75 36 39 16 25 50 21 9 12 54 96 Sanabrahmapur 4 15 8 7 3 0 0 6 5 1 9 97 Samparu 144 604 307 297 62 99 0 507 267 240 97 98 Totasingha 61 274 144 130 40 67 0 203 113 90 71 99 Rampei 156 670 339 331 73 41 0 498 271 227 172 100 Krishnapur 363 1656 843 813 209 91 258 1140 635 505 516 101 Anala 360 1487 766 721 156 215 80 1112 627 485 375 102 Senanda 46 240 108 132 45 0 226 104 65 39 136 103 Darjani 175 802 433 369 90 67 155 543 313 230 259 104 Kumurasinga 131 530 275 255 58 33 106 373 218 155 157 105 Kendupada 176 807 414 393 96 19 319 618 344 274 189 106 Kuninda 393 1626 804 822 165 336 94 1182 629 553 444 107 Joragadia 17 85 47 38 19 0 85 28 21 7 57 108 Brahmankhantakhol 44 212 114 98 28 7 168 112 72 40 100 109 Khoksa(L) 71 296 157 139 37 32 93 236 138 98 60 110 Khoksa(R) 92 333 180 153 41 0 0 259 149 110 74 111 Baruan 290 1323 669 654 128 326 5 1101 576 525 222 112 Dhalapada 188 747 386 361 89 1 239 573 307 266 174 113 Kainsiri 290 1250 642 608 150 49 155 883 499 384 367 114 Muruga 265 1112 579 533 132 636 0 816 465 351 296 115 Balijhati 121 569 284 285 59 22 131 488 239 249 81 116 Samal 109 541 255 286 67 16 0 387 208 179 154 117 Renadapatana 209 906 473 433 91 70 273 630 352 278 276 118 Nimeinpur 236 987 471 516 112 55 0 706 365 341 281 119 Ekatali(Kha) 477 2009 995 1014 242 432 24 1181 652 529 828 120 Ekatali(Ka) 24 101 57 44 8 30 0 78 47 31 23 3-60 M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha 121 Chandar 218 941 454 487 112 173 0 696 360 336 245 122 Gadganpur 276 1122 568 554 119 115 12 887 480 407 235 123 Kanchanbahali 72 311 155 156 81 9 302 108 63 45 203 124 Samal(R.F) 10 52 26 26 8 0 52 23 13 10 29 125 Kingol 145 667 359 308 89 330 0 531 295 236 136 126 Kirtanpur 312 1240 644 596 159 693 0 718 432 286 522 127 Bhusala 586 2302 1207 1095 266 278 0 1679 938 741 623 128 Praharajpur 22 102 46 56 14 38 0 81 39 42 21 129 Nilakanthapur 230 1023 547 476 131 459 0 737 422 315 286 130 Brahmapur 25 111 62 49 13 24 0 91 53 38 20 131 kanapalsamilmahulpal 760 3600 1866 1734 436 827 44 2760 1514 1246 840 132 Bhuban (NAC) 4802 22200 11545 10655 2270 3016 280 16654 9312 7342 5546 Total 29194 136335 69907 66428 19086 18109 39272 83719 48308 35411 52616 Grand Total 38395 179754 91974 87780 25197 24036 52909 109751 63099 46652 70003 Source: District Primary Census statistics of Odisha -2011 3-61 M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Table: 3.25 Occupational structure and employment scenario in the project area villages TOT_ TOT_ TOT_ MAIN MAIN_ MAIN_ MAIN_ MAIN_ MARG NON_ S.No Name No_HH TOT_P WORK_P WORK_M WORK_F WORK_P CL_P AL_P HH_P OT_P WORK_P WORK_P 0-2 km 1 Kanchichua 116 622 274 157 117 269 126 78 1 64 5 348 2 Gunduchi pasi 194 939 374 237 137 204 40 14 7 143 170 565 3 Sukinda 1286 6269 1983 1631 352 1652 143 198 181 1130 331 4286 Total 1596 7830 2631 2025 606 2125 309 290 189 1337 506 5199 2-5 km 4 Ampolaba 285 1258 412 365 47 344 34 30 6 274 68 846 5 Santarapur 82 421 119 114 5 109 57 0 0 52 10 302 6 Sukaran 319 1500 592 397 195 351 54 131 16 150 241 908 7 Baradiha 244 1073 351 268 83 244 38 42 29 135 107 722 8 Kharadiha 320 1538 471 385 86 360 60 5 8 287 111 1067 9 Ambasara 239 1202 360 290 70 169 21 3 0 145 191 842 10 Pubal 198 858 300 228 72 217 53 107 8 49 83 558 11 Barapal 64 284 112 69 43 6 1 2 2 1 106 172 12 Jamupasi 373 1565 509 413 96 322 51 51 48 172 187 1056 13 Mangalpur 470 2140 655 548 107 586 63 153 8 362 69 1485 14 Mulakhamba 92 445 186 118 68 117 20 23 1 73 69 259 15 Kantapal 61 308 103 90 13 84 73 10 1 0 19 205 16 Lembo 108 547 137 115 22 71 13 8 13 37 66 410 17 Bandhagan 367 1928 757 459 298 492 166 170 26 130 265 1171 18 Mantira 153 684 238 208 30 220 165 7 4 44 18 446 19 Madhapur 626 2969 959 725 234 569 57 45 18 449 390 2010 3-62 M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha 20 Gandhapal 224 1207 394 298 96 124 52 6 9 57 270 813 21 Kabata 393 1837 776 553 223 272 99 18 18 137 504 1061 22 Bethiahata 104 495 280 145 135 97 24 15 0 58 183 215 23 Dhabahali 67 315 138 82 56 81 30 31 0 20 57 177 24 Gopapur 73 327 118 97 21 90 18 23 0 49 28 209 25 Mangal Pur 313 1445 396 369 27 391 76 49 0 266 5 1049 26 Raghunathpur 97 546 170 148 22 168 33 82 0 53 2 376 27 Patapur 80 443 156 148 8 135 44 11 3 77 21 287 28 Barabati 294 1236 369 314 55 361 96 1 14 250 8 867 29 Bhalukhai 74 398 136 125 11 117 21 9 10 77 19 262 30 Ichhapur 6 23 11 6 5 6 3 1 0 2 5 12 31 Anantapur 226 912 290 251 39 219 25 137 0 57 71 622 32 Chhatakhamb 5 12 10 6 4 6 0 3 0 3 4 2 33 Gamargola 19 81 23 20 3 18 10 0 0 8 5 58 34 Kankhai 154 720 413 267 146 193 49 98 0 46 220 307 35 Dadhisinga 20 100 59 30 29 23 0 23 0 0 36 41 36 Balibo(L) 568 2573 738 711 27 492 119 34 30 309 246 1835 37 Kesharpur 110 500 148 132 16 74 16 38 0 20 74 352 38 Garudabandi 201 931 331 263 68 288 33 27 7 221 43 600 39 Anlajhari 336 1538 506 441 65 354 118 84 1 151 152 1032 40 Kunda 240 1230 343 326 17 278 139 12 7 120 65 887 Total 7605 35589 12066 9524 2542 8048 1931 1489 287 4341 4018 23523 5-10 km Patapur 531 2687 972 728 244 490 350 50 2 88 482 1715 41 Santarapur 223 1184 510 302 208 175 57 50 9 59 335 674 42 Kanjiapal 91 403 220 109 111 13 6 2 0 5 207 183 3-63 M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha 43 Koilo 241 1063 534 300 234 266 105 31 2 128 268 529 44 Rankia 371 1946 1031 514 517 590 197 47 1 345 441 915 45 Pimpudia 508 2461 1155 704 451 812 271 26 8 507 343 1306 46 Jemadeipur 82 509 220 105 115 31 0 0 0 31 189 289 47 Kuhika 281 1350 641 374 267 341 73 33 1 234 300 709 48 Sansailo 644 2903 924 755 169 858 381 44 25 408 66 1979 49 Olia 253 1153 432 310 122 398 78 180 2 138 34 721 50 Abhayapur 187 916 243 233 10 217 8 91 2 116 26 673 51 Bambilo 392 2117 593 544 49 509 154 64 6 285 84 1524 52 Tungei Suni 69 350 194 90 104 32 0 0 0 32 162 156 53 Tomka Forest Block 2849 13696 4359 3195 1164 2305 761 613 114 817 2054 9337 54 Garamian 333 1873 995 523 472 341 137 62 2 140 654 878 55 Kakudia 135 643 290 176 114 107 11 10 0 86 183 353 56 Kusumundia 130 653 84 73 11 24 0 0 0 24 60 569 57 Bhalukipatala 195 1173 459 277 182 259 66 52 3 138 200 714 58 Kankadapal 203 1042 370 279 91 208 61 11 1 135 162 672 59 Gantayatkateni 89 461 229 123 106 83 18 3 1 61 146 232 60 Kaduabandi 202 995 419 278 141 219 53 7 8 151 200 576 61 Sulia 276 1233 308 281 27 202 48 126 0 28 106 925 62 Dhanurjoya Pur 279 1287 326 295 31 280 98 151 8 23 46 961 63 Jamupasi 145 890 257 191 66 126 80 16 0 30 131 633 64 Khandara 140 787 202 173 29 199 74 45 2 78 3 585 65 Nadia Bhanga 437 2280 665 586 79 618 134 45 10 429 47 1615 66 Dhamana Gadia 441 1936 563 499 64 449 298 19 6 126 114 1373 67 Duburi 985 4279 1365 1222 143 1259 193 303 62 701 106 2914 68 Hatimunda 14 50 15 13 2 14 6 1 3 4 1 35 3-64 M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha 69 Saransa 66 265 93 88 5 86 4 12 10 60 7 172 70 Baragadia 496 2323 588 536 52 538 60 44 50 384 50 1735 71 Gobara Ghati 1042 4964 1724 1084 640 760 110 207 32 411 964 3240 72 Ankura Pal 187 951 224 181 43 204 68 115 1 20 20 727 73 Mirigi Chara 221 977 399 245 154 275 73 164 14 24 124 578 74 Pancha Batia 12 51 12 11 1 7 4 0 0 3 5 39 75 Golagan 300 1438 369 332 37 275 104 116 4 51 94 1069 76 Nimapali 488 2395 815 640 175 637 90 255 40 252 178 1580 77 Bharada Pasi 73 383 137 94 43 86 48 10 1 27 51 246 78 Bada Pingal 365 1937 559 544 15 548 165 56 12 315 11 1378 79 Ichhapur 132 630 155 150 5 143 102 12 9 20 12 475 80 Balikudia 605 2896 921 799 122 512 143 15 110 244 409 1975 81 Rampurkaitha 137 707 237 223 14 165 23 54 0 88 72 470 82 Raichhanda 582 2741 741 690 51 647 76 139 13 419 94 2000 83 Gohiratikar 60 285 73 69 4 2 1 0 0 1 71 212 84 Talajanga 503 2151 641 587 54 520 31 200 2 287 121 1510 85 Rekhidei Pur 248 1215 370 356 14 278 77 144 11 46 92 845 86 Paikara Pur 252 1141 342 313 29 127 97 6 5 19 215 799 87 Ragadiposi 327 1523 424 386 38 340 86 18 12 224 84 1099 88 Baunsamuli 36 183 57 57 0 51 11 32 2 6 6 126 89 Mahul Tikar 6 30 10 9 1 8 2 6 0 0 2 20 90 Osara 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 91 Mahisara 148 661 189 180 9 167 28 77 8 54 22 472 92 Rampur 11 54 12 10 2 10 4 3 1 2 2 42 93 Dankari 215 949 298 278 20 272 108 141 8 15 26 651 94 Rahadpur 41 236 74 71 3 73 25 0 0 48 1 162 3-65 M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha 95 Paikerapur 14 75 18 18 0 18 3 0 0 15 0 57 96 Sanabrahmapur 4 15 7 3 4 4 0 0 0 4 3 8 97 Samparu 144 604 194 189 5 81 21 24 0 36 113 410 98 Totasingha 61 274 94 91 3 63 42 4 14 3 31 180 99 Rampei 156 670 168 162 6 163 124 2 5 32 5 502 100 Krishnapur 363 1656 500 461 39 439 108 62 2 267 61 1156 101 Anala 360 1487 489 446 43 402 116 58 5 223 87 998 102 Senanda 46 240 103 66 37 20 1 4 4 11 83 137 103 Darjani 175 802 260 219 41 88 32 2 10 44 172 542 104 Kumurasinga 131 530 169 160 9 109 23 15 11 60 60 361 105 Kendupada 176 807 324 241 83 125 36 4 0 85 199 483 106 Kuninda 393 1626 493 451 42 366 91 152 9 114 127 1133 107 Joragadia 17 85 42 29 13 11 0 0 0 11 31 43 108 Brahmankhantakhol 44 212 102 76 26 25 1 3 0 21 77 110 109 Khoksa(L) 71 296 97 92 5 89 20 2 0 67 8 199 110 Khoksa(R) 92 333 110 107 3 109 21 2 2 84 1 223 111 Baruan 290 1323 400 378 22 355 146 86 5 118 45 923 112 Dhalapada 188 747 242 212 30 190 22 106 0 62 52 505 113 Kainsiri 290 1250 376 372 4 277 87 76 3 111 99 874 114 Muruga 265 1112 416 353 63 261 46 81 55 79 155 696 115 Balijhati 121 569 217 168 49 149 21 14 3 111 68 352 116 Samal 109 541 153 140 13 101 44 1 1 55 52 388 117 Renadapatana 209 906 331 285 46 134 28 30 4 72 197 575 118 Nimeinpur 236 987 255 243 12 161 73 5 0 83 94 732 119 Ekatali(Kha) 477 2009 535 517 18 306 152 41 2 111 229 1474 120 Ekatali(Ka) 24 101 27 26 1 27 3 4 0 20 0 74 3-66 M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha 121 Chandar 218 941 254 238 16 163 69 21 4 69 91 687 122 Gadganpur 276 1122 314 288 26 265 66 24 11 164 49 808 123 Kanchanbahali 72 311 92 76 16 76 5 31 0 40 16 219 124 Samal(R.F) 10 52 13 13 0 13 0 8 0 5 0 39 125 Kingol 145 667 281 199 82 77 29 0 8 40 204 386 126 Kirtanpur 312 1240 440 363 77 123 35 7 5 76 317 800 127 Bhusala 586 2302 689 664 25 621 120 173 19 309 68 1613 128 Praharajpur 22 102 34 33 1 16 3 0 0 13 18 68 129 Nilakanthapur 230 1023 355 310 45 340 71 228 2 39 15 668 130 Brahmapur 25 111 35 33 2 21 0 3 3 15 14 76 131 kanapalsamilmahulpal 760 3600 997 956 41 765 158 394 10 203 232 2603 132 Bhuban (NAC) 4802 22200 6672 6261 411 5627 459 653 161 4354 1045 15528 Total 29194 136335 44338 36125 8213 30337 7534 6228 981 15594 14001 91997 Grand Total 38395 179754 59035 47674 11361 40510 9774 8007 1457 21272 18525 120719 Source: District Primary Census statistics of Odisha -2011 3-67 M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Abbreviations 1. No_HH: No. of House Holds 2. TOT_P: Total Population 3. TOT_M: Total Male 4. TOT_F: Total Female 5. P_06: Population below 6 years 6. P_SC: Population belongs to SC 7. P_ST: Population belongs to ST 8. P_LIT: Population Literate 9. P_ILL: Population Illiterate 10. TOT_WORK_P: Total Working Population 11. TOT_WORK_M: Total Working Male 12. TOT_WORK_F: Total Working Female 13. MAINWORK_P: Main working population 14. MAIN_CL_P: Main Cultivator Population 15. MAIN_AL_P: Main Agriculture Labour Population 16. MAIN_HH_P: Main Household Population 17. MAIN_OT_P: Main Other Population 18.NON_WORK_P: Number of Non-Working population 3-68 M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Figure 3.10 Baseline Study Photographs 3-69 M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad CHAPTER 4 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Chapter 4 Anticipated Environmental Impacts And Their Mitigation Measures 4.1 Identification of Impacts In this chapter, an endeavor has been made to identify various environmental impacts associated with the operation of facility and other activities wherein, there may be a chance of pollution. Based on the possible worst case emissions and waste generation from the proposed project and also taking into consideration the baseline environmental status at the proposed project site, the environmental factors that are likely to be affected (Impacts) are identified, quantified and assessed. Both instrumental (positive) and detrimental (negative) impacts are accounted for this purpose. The prediction of impacts helps in the preparation of a sound environmental management plan which has to be executed during the on-going activities for the proposed project to minimize the adverse impacts on the environmental quality. 4.2 Methodology The potential impacts on the environment from the proposed project are identified based on the nature of the various activities associated not only with the project implementation and operation, but also on the current status of the environmental quality at the project site. 4.3 Potential Impacts The potential significant environmental impacts associated with the project are grouped as below: M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 4.1 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Air Environment Impacts on ambient air quality Impacts on ambient odor Impacts on ambient noise Water Environment Impacts on surface & ground water quality Impacts on aquatic life Land Environment Impacts on land use Impacts on agriculture/ soil fertility Socio Economics Impacts on infrastructure Impacts on employment Indirect Impacts Impacts on public health and safety Impacts on aesthetics The impact assessment is carried out for the following phases and presented in the following paragraphs. Impacts during construction / development phase Impacts during operation phase 4.4. Impacts during Construction phase Construction phase works include site clearance, site formation, building works, infrastructure provision and any other infrastructure activities. The impacts due to construction activities are short term and are limited to the construction phase. The impacts will be mainly on air quality, water quality, soil quality and socio-economics. M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 4.2 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha 4.4.1 Impact on Air Quality The principal potential source of air quality impact arising from the construction of the proposed project is fugitive dust generation. The dust, measurable as Particulate Matter would be generated as a result of construction activities. The potential dust sources associated with construction activities are loading and unloading of the materials, top soil removal, travel over unpaved roads and wind erosion etc. The construction works associated with the proposed development are broadly given below. 1. Site development and foundation works 2. Dust generation due to vehicles bringing raw materials 3. Un loading of raw materials, removal of un wanted waste material from site 4. Civil constructions and provision of infrastructure required for various activities proposed Exhaust emissions from vehicles and equipment deployed during the construction phase is also likely to result in marginal increase in the levels of SO2, NOX, PM, CO and un-burnt hydrocarbons. The impact of such activities would be temporary and restricted to the construction phase. The impact is generally confined to the project area and is expected to be negligible outside the plant boundaries. 4.4.1.1 Mitigation Measures – Air Quality For the proposed project site levelling and grading will be carried out, wherever possible to maintain the natural elevations they will not be disturbed, only levelling activity will be carried out for providing roads, sewage network, storm water system, and places required for providing buildings for administrative, plant shed erection. According to the engineering assessment; most of the excavated material shall be reused within the project boundary. The movement of cut and fill material will be limited. M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 4.3 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Dust will be generated from the movement of construction vehicles on unpaved roads. Unloading and removal of soil material shall also act as a potential source for dust nuisance. The control measures proposed to be taken up are given below. 1. The important dust suppression measures proposed will be regular water sprinkling on main haul roads in the project area, this activity will be carried out at least twice a day, if need arises frequency will be increased on windy days, in this way around 50% reduction on the dust contribution from the exposed surface will be achieved. 2. The duration of stockpiling will be as short as possible as most of the material will be used as backfill material for the open cut trenches for road development. 3. Temporary tin sheets of sufficient height (3m) will be erected around the site of dust generation or all around the project site as barrier for dust control. 4. Tree plantations around the project boundary will be initiated at the early stages by Plantation of 2 to 3 years old saplings, regular watering will be done, so that the area will be moist for most part of the day. 5. To reduce the dust movement from civil construction site to the neighbourhood the external part of the building (administration, canteen, etc) will be covered by plastic sheets. Given the implementation of proper control measures for dust suppression, no adverse impacts are expected. 4.4.2 Impact on Water Quality The proposed project will involve various construction activities. The following section summarizes the activities likely to be undertaken during the proposed development and describes the potential impacts on water quality from each activity. The site formation may produce large quantities of run-off with high suspended solids loading in the M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 4.4 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha absence of appropriate mitigation measures. This potential problem may be aggravated during rainy season. The used engine oil and lubricants, and their storage as waste materials as the potential to create impacts if spillage occurs. Waste oil may infiltrate into the surface soil layers, or runoff into local Water courses, increasing hydrocarbon levels. Proper precautionary measures should be taken to prevent any spillage of the above materials and their subsequent runoff into the water bodies. During construction, impacts from the workers include waste and wastewater generated from eating areas, and sewage from temporary sanitary facilities. Sewage is characterized by high levels of BOD, ammonia and E. coli. Significant water quality impact will happen only if the sewage is discharged directly into the receiving waters without any prior treatment. 4.4.2.1 Mitigation Measures – Water Quality During site development necessary precautions will be taken, so that the runoff water from the site gets collected to working pit and if any over flow is, will be diverted to nearby greenbelt/ plantation area. During construction activity all the equipment washed water will be diverted to working pit to arrest the suspended solids if any and the settled water will be reused for construction purposes, and for sprinkling on roads to control the dust emission, etc. The domestic waste water generated from temporary toilets used by the work force will be diverted to septic tank followed by soak pit. If the waste water generation is more a mobile STP will be hired from local suppliers. 4.4.3 Impact of Noise Levels The major activities, which produce periodic noise, during construction phase, are as follows: Foundation works Fabrication of structures M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 4.5 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Plant erection Operation of construction equipment Movement of vehicles etc 4.4.3.1 Mitigation Measures - Noise All noise generating equipment will be used during day time for brief period of its requirement. Proper enclosures will be used for reduction in noise levels, where ever possible the noise generating equipment will be kept away from the human habituation. Therefore, impact on noise environment due to proposed project would be insignificant. All vehicles entering into the project will be informed to maintain speed limits, and not blow horns unless it is required. 4.4.4 Impact Due to Solid Waste Generation This category of waste generation in the proposed project is due to different types of raw materials being used during construction stage in general may comprise the following Cement concrete Bricks, tiles, Cement plaster Steel (RCC, door/ window frames, roofing support, railings of staircase etc) Rubble, sand, Stone (Marble, granite, sand stone) Timber/wood Paints/varnishes Besides above there are some major and minor components namely conduits, geo membrane, pipes, electrical fixtures, panels, etc. all the above items will be segregated and stored at the site and once the facility established will be process the same in respective treatment facilities within the site. 4.4.4.1 Mitigation Measures - Solid Waste The solid waste generated during this period being predominantly inert in nature. Hence maximum effort would be made to reuse and recycle them. The most of the solid waste M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 4.6 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha material can be used for filing/ levelling of low-laying areas within the site. All attempts should be made to stick to the following measures. All construction waste shall be stored within the site itself. A proper screen will be provided so that the waste does not get scattered. Attempts will be made to keep the waste segregated into different heaps as far as possible so that their further gradation and reuse is facilitated. Materials, which can be reused for purpose of construction, levelling, making roads/ pavement will also be kept in separate heaps from those which are to be sold. The local body or a private company may be arranged to provide appropriate number of skip containers/ trolleys on hire. The use of the construction material basically depends on their separation and conditions of the separated material. A majority of these materials are durable and therefore, have a high potential for reuse. It would, however, be desirable to have quality standards for the recycled materials. Construction waste can be used in the following manner. Reuse of bricks, tiles, stone slabs, timber, piping railings etc to the extent possible and depending upon their conditions. Sale/ auction of materials which cannot be used at the site due to design constraint Plastics, broken glass, scrap metal etc. will be stored and processed within the site premises. Rubble/ brick bats can be used for building activity, such as levelling, under coat of lanes where the traffic does not constitute heavy moving loads. Larger unusable pieces can be sent for filing up low laying areas. Fine material such as sand, dust, etc can be used as cover material M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 4.7 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha The unearthed soil can be used for levelling as well as for lawn development The broken pieces of the flooring material can be used for levelling in the building or can be disposed off The unused or remaining paints/varnishes/wood can either be reused or can be disposed of. 4.4.5 Impact on Land Environment No significant impacts on land use are anticipated from construction activities. However, there may be minor impacts because of construction debris, paint, diesel etc. 4.4.5.1. Mitigation measures for Land Environment Following steps are proposed to take care of impact of construction activity on project land area: On completion of civil works, all debris etc. will be completely removed from site to avoid any incompatibility with future use. Other materials like paint, diesel etc. will be properly stored and handled to prevent any spillage on land. All the wastes will be stored at a designated site within the premises to prevent scattered discharge on land. 4.4.6 Socio-Economics Overall socio - economic effect of construction phase will be positive due to direct and indirect employment opportunity for the local livings. Local people from nearby villages of the surroundings from the site will be employed for construction work to the maximum extent possible. M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 4.8 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha 4.4.7 Ecology Proposed facility will not involve any trees cutting exercise so, there will be no impact on ecology. A well-developed green belt exists around the proposed facility area which will be further expanded up to 33% of total plot area as proposed during the later years of development and operation. This proposed green belt will be expanded along the boundary and along the road which will also help in minimizing fugitive dust emissions. 4.5 Impacts during Operation Phase During the operation phase of the proposed project there would be impacts on the air environment, water environment, Land environment and socio-economic aspects. 4.5.1 Prediction of Impacts on the Air Environment Prediction of impacts from the proposed project on the ambient air quality was carried out using air quality simulation model. The main sources of air pollution are as follows. 1. Line source emissions from Vehicular movement 2. Point source emissions from Boiler, Incinerator and DG set. The emissions from the DG sets are minimal since they will be operated only during power failures. Atmospheric Dispersion of Stack Emissions In order to estimate the ground level concentrations due to the emissions from the proposed project, EPA approved American Meteorological Society/Environmental Protection Agency Regulatory Model - AERMOD 7.0.3 dispersion model has been used. AERMOD dispersion model provides option to model emissions from a wide range of sources that are present in proposed project. The model considers the sources and receptors in undulated terrain as well as plain terrain and the combination of both. The basis of the model is the Gaussian Plume Equation. M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 4.9 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha C = Plume contaminant concentration (µg/m3) Q = Pollutant emission rate (g/s) u = Average wind speed (m/s) σy = y direction plume standard deviation (m) σz = z direction plume standard deviation (m) y = y position (m) z = z position (m) H = Effective stack height (m) AERMOD dispersion model with the following options has been used to predict the cumulative ground level concentrations due to the proposed emissions. Area being rural, rural dispersion parameters is considered Predictions have been carried out to estimate concentration values over radial distance of 10 km around the sources A combination of Cartesian and Polar receptor network has been considered Emission rates from the sources were considered as constant during the entire period The ground level concentrations computed were as is basis without any consideration of decay coefficient Calm winds recorded during the study period were also taken into consideration 24-hour mean meteorological data extracted from the meteorological data collected during the study period as per guidelines of IMD/CPCB has been used to compute the mean ground level concentrations to study the impact on study area. Pollution Sources The main air pollutant expected from line sources are fugitive dust generation from the movement incoming & outgoing vehicle. To minimize the impact from line source, black carpeted road will be maintained properly to reduce the dust generation. All vehicles will be maintained properly to meet emission standard of respective vehicles. Green belt will be provided along the boundary and along the road. The point source emissions considered for the proposed project are Boiler, Incinerator and DG set. The DG set will be used only during power failure for emergency M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 4.10 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha requirements. Hence the impacts from the DG set will be felt only during power failure. The inputs used to run the model are stack details, emissions details are given in Table 4.1 and twenty four hours mean meteorological data is given in Table 4.2. The Predicted maximum Ground level concentration of PM, SO2, NOx and Pb concentrations considering 24 hour mean meteorological data of study season are superimposed on the maximum baseline concentrations obtained during the study period to estimate the post project scenario, which would prevail at the post operational phase. The overall scenario with predicted concentrations over the maximum baseline concentrations is shown in Table 4.3 and isopleths are shown in the Figure 4.1 to 4.3. Table 4.1 Stack emissions details Details Incinerator Used oil/ Spent DG Set Lead solvent recovery Stack details 27 TPD Boiler 10 TPH (2 Nos) 500 kVA -- Height of the stack (m) 30 30 10 30 Temp of flue gas (°C) 120 130 450 140 Internal Dia. of the stack (m) 0.85 0.85 0.2 0.5 Velocity of flue gas (m/s) 18 20 16 14 Volumetric Flow rate (m3/s) 10.2 11.4 0.50 2.75 PM Emissions (g/s) 0.39 0.46/boiler 0.02 - SO2 Emissions (g/s) 1.55 2.89/boiler 0.02 - NOx Emissions (g/s) 3.10 1.90/boiler 0.44 - Lead Emission (g/s) - - - 0.02 Parameters for modelling Emission Standards (mg/Nm3) PM Emissions 50 115 - - SO2 Emissions 200 - - - NOx Emissions 400 - - - Lead Emission -- - - 10 Note 1: DG Set: Sulphur content in diesel - 350 mg/kg As per BS-III Standards NOx limit 4 g/kW-h, PM 0.2 g/kW-h as per Gazette of India - G.S.R .771(E) Environmental (Protection) Third amended rules dated 11th December 2013. Incinerator: Based on outlet emission standards. Note 2:Boiler : Source: EPA notification GSR 176 (E), April 2, 1996 M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 4.11 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha 0.3 Stack height (H)= 14 Q , H- total stack height (m), Q- SO2 emission rate in kg/hr. In no case the stack height shall be less than 11 m As per Indian coal standards,: Ash content 40 %, : Sulphur content 0.5%.: ESP Efficiency 99.5% NOx Considered as 260 g/GJ from pollution prevention and abatement handbook (World Bank group-industry sector guidelines). Table 4.2 24 Hours mean meteorological data for winter season ( Dec-15 to Feb-16) Temperature Relative humidity Wind direction Wind speed Hour Stability class (°C) (%) (Degree) (m/s) 1 20.3 83 90 2.14 6 2 18.7 88 90 1.91 6 3 16.7 91 45 1.71 6 4 14.3 95 90 2.03 6 5 11.1 97 90 1.03 6 6 16.7 94 90 1.15 6 7 18.7 90 90 1.67 5 8 24.2 89 90 2.01 4 9 26.6 86 90 2.05 4 10 28.6 78 45 2.26 3 11 33.8 64 90 2.23 2 12 35.4 56 90 2.54 1 13 37.6 47 90 2.33 1 14 38.1 38 90 2.66 1 15 37.2 23 90 2.28 1 16 34.2 31 90 2.12 2 17 32.1 48 90 2.26 3 18 29.8 52 135 2.23 4 19 28.7 58 180 1.98 5 20 26.5 65 90 1.95 6 21 24.2 67 135 1.93 6 22 23.1 72 90 1.85 6 23 22.5 78 45 1.97 6 24 21.4 80 180 2.01 6 M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 4.12 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Table 4.4 Post Project Scenario ( μg/m3) Particulars Particulate Matter Sulphur Oxides of Lead (PM) dioxide (SO2) nitrogen (Pb) (NOx) Baseline Scenario (Max) 57.1 15.4 25.4 BDL (< 1) Predicted GLC (Max) 0.59 3.2 3.4 0.02 Overall Scenario (Worst Case) 57.69 18.6 28.8 -- Direction West Distance (km) 0.75 Within the boundary NAAQ Standards 2009 100 80 80 1 M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 4.13 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Figure 4.1 Predicted GLCs of PM (μg/m3) Max. Concentration of PM: 0.59 µg/m3 M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 4.14 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Figure 4.2 3 Predicted GLCs of SO2 (μg/m ) 3 Max. Concentration of SO2: 3.2 µg/m M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 4.15 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Figure 4.3 Predicted GLCs of NOx (μg/m3) 3 Max. Concentration of NOX: 3.4 µg/m M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 4.16 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Figure 4.4 Predicted GLCs of Pb (μg/m3) Max. Concentration of Pb: 0.02 µg/m3 M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 4.17 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Ambient Air Quality Levels in the Study Area Parameters Benzo(a)Pyrene Lead Arsenic Nickel ng/m3 98th Percentile BDL BDL BDL BDL Range BDL Value < 1 µg/m3 < 1 ng/m3 < 0.5 µg/m3 0.01 NAAQ Standards 1 µg/m3 6 ng/m3 20 ng/m3 1 2009 24 hr Annual 4.5.1.1 Air Pollution Mitigation Measures DG Set DG set will be used only in case of power failure. The DG set will be provided with acoustic erective and adequate height of stack meeting MOEF/CPCB guidelines. So impact due to D. G. Set will be temporary & for short time. Incinerator Incinerator will be provided with a stack height meeting MOEF guidelines (minimum 30 m), spray dryer, multi cyclone, bag house, wet scrubber. The gases are passed through multi-cyclone for removal of particulates. Dry lime and activated carbon are injected for neutralization of acidic gases (HCl, HF, SO2) and removal of organic constituents. Flue gases are passed through bag filters for complete removal of particulates and then to wet alkaline scrubber for neutralization Dioxins: To prevent reformation of dioxins by rapidly lowering the flue gas temperatures, particularly from 500 °C to less than 200 °C by adopting rapid quench / catalyst / adsorption by activated carbon etc. Mercury: If the feeding waste contains mercury and its compounds, activated carbon treatment for control of these emissions is given. (Eg: activated carbon, conversion into mercuric chloride and then to mercuric sulphide etc.) M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 4.18 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Mist: Often there is a need to eliminate the mist in the stack emissions, therefore, where necessary de mister may be provided. HCl Emissions: A wet alkaline scrubber will be provided to remove HCl emissions. Caustic soda solution shall be injected in wet alkaline scrubber for neutralization/removal of HCl. Gases: For proper dispersion of Sulphur dioxide & Oxides of Nitrogen emissions from the incinerator stack height meeting MoEFCC/CPCB guidelines will be provided for proper dispersion into atmosphere. 4.5.1.2 Secured Landfill During operation, the secured land fill will be covered with soil/ash daily and during rainy period it will be covered with temporary cover (HDPE/Plastic sheets), to minimize the odour and gases generation. 4.6 Impact on Water Quality The water demand of the project will be met through groundwater. To minimize the water consumption; water saving options will be planned. Improve energy efficiency of operations Eliminate leaks of the pipelines Rain water holding tanks Treatment and reuse of wastewater Installation of flow restrictors on water supply line Dry sweeping of all areas before mopping/washing Storm water harvesting The details of the wastewater generation from various activities are given in Table 4.5 and the water balance flow chart is shown in Figure 4.5. Table 4.5 Wastewater Generation Details Process/Facility Water required (KLD) Waste water Remarks (KLD) Fresh Treated Total Generation Secured Land Fill 15 8 23 - Sent to M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 4.19 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha BMW + Incinerator + plant-wet & 42 13 55 5 ETP for venturi scrubber treatment Boiler spent solvent & used oil 30 - 30 15 and reuse recovery Plastic, Paper, Lead recycling & E 3 - 3 2 waste Leachate - - - 1 Sub Total 90 21 111 23 Domestic 8 - 8 7 Sent to soak pit Truck wheel wash 1 - 1 - Greenbelt 50 - 50 - Total 149 21 170 Figure 4.5 Water Balance Flow chart 4.6.1 Leachate Collection/ Treatment and Disposal Leachate collection and removal is provided above the geo-membrane in two layers viz. the primary and the secondary liner. The primary liner serves as leachate collection and M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 4.20 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha removal system, while the secondary liner serves as leak detection system and a signal of potential liabilities in terms of environmental pollution. Leachate is collected by a network of lateral and header pipes embedded in a drainage layer, all of which eventually drain into a leachate collection sump. The collected leachate is transferred to a leachate treatment system. Leachate, thus collected is transferred to the forced evaporation system and the residue after decanting is subjected back to the land-filling process. The leachate collection system in an engineered landfill takes the form of an under-drain beneath the waste material. It is required to ensure there is no more than a limited head of pressure above the base liner to cause leakage of liquid from the base of the landfill. The design maximum pressure head in the landfill is limited to 300mm. Drainage is affected by a layer of about 300 mm thick graded sand / gravel having high permeability. Within this layer a network of HDPE pipes are placed to collect leachate and conduct it quickly to the collection sump for removal from landfill. The pipes are typically perforated only over the upper half to allow the leachate to enter the pipe and thereafter to be contained within the pipe network system. The layout of the pipe network generally includes sufficient redundancy to ensure that if a blockage occurs somewhere in the network the leachate simply backs-up a little then flows into the system a little further up-gradient. Two layers of the leachate collection system are provided one over the other. Slotting area of the pipe is done only on the top 120o portion of the pipe and to an extent of 100 Sq. cm per running meter of the pipe. The pipe must have sufficient strength to withstand the load imposed by the overlying waste and the earth moving activities associated with the placement and the compaction of the waste (Min 6 Kg/ Sq.cm). The main pipe (headers) feeding leachate to the sump has the capability to be cleaned out in case of clogging. However, the design must include sufficient redundancy of pipe work to ensure alternative drainage paths are available in the event of localized clogging of any part of the system. 4.6.2 Leachate Treatment Plant M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 4.21 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Collected leachate will be sent to grid chamber thereafter sent to oil & gas trap from there, it will be further processed at collection pit then it will be treated through acid or alkaline or chemical precipitation. After the treatment it will be further sent to primary settling tank then to aeration chamber. At next level the leachate will be sent to secondary settling tank and finally sent to treated water holding tank. Treated Leachate will be finally reused as sprayer on the landfill or sent for forced evaporation/Solar evaporation. Schematic diagram is given in Figure 4.6. Figure 4.6 Leachate Treatment Plant 4.6.3 Effluent Treatment Plant An effluent treatment plant is proposed to treat the scrubbing water, floor washings and other wastewater generated from various plant facilities and treated water is reused for circulation into the scrubber. The treatment system consist of cooling tank, pressure sand filter and activated carbon filter assembly followed by neutralization before recirculation into the scrubber. The Flow diagram of effluent treatment plant is given in Figure 4.7. Figure 4.7 Effluent Treatment Plant M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 4.22 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha 4.6.4 Water Impacts Mitigation Measures Leachate collected from Secured Landfill and other wastewater including vehicle and container washing, leachate generated at treatment, incineration are treated (excluding domestic wastewater) in incineration/ forced evaporation/spraying on landfill. The domestic effluent generated will be treated in septic tank followed by soak pit or portable STP and the treated water is used for greenbelt development. The effluent generated from floor washings, recycling activity, etc will be collected in collection tank followed by settling tank and the settled water is reused. The effluent from bio medical waste treatment facility, recycling facility, incinerator and spent solvent and oil recovery facility is treated in ETP and recycling to incinerator or circulation back to landfill. There will not be any wastewater discharge to any nearby water body and the zero wastewater discharge concept is adopted in the proposed facility operation. 4.6.5 Rain Water Harvesting and Strom Water Management Project Management will make proper utilization of rainwater by harvesting through appropriate rain water-harvesting mechanism. Roof water will be collected by adopting proper treatment (O & G Trap), the collected water will be used for various uses (dust suppression, toilet flushing, greenbelt, etc.). M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 4.23 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Rainwater from surface areas will be collected by construction of check dams all along the storm water drainage network areas at a definite pitch. Based on the rainfall intensity near the plant area, storm water drainage system will be designed. Strom water drainage system consists of well-designed network of open surface drains with check dams set at appropriate distances so that the storm water is efficiently drained off without any water logging. Necessary expert advice has been obtained for construction of storm water drains for collection and reuse of rainwater. Artificial recharge measures like rain water-harvesting helps in reducing the urban run- off, in decreasing pollution of ground water and in improving the ground water table, which augments the yields of, bore wells. 4.7 Noise Environment The major source of noise in proposed project will be from unloading of hazardous waste, bio-medical waste and e-waste, from the equipment like boiler/power plant, incinerator, DG sets etc. and during the process of stabilization of hazardous waste, etc. 4.7.1 Noise mitigation measures Adequate measures for noise control, right at the design stage shall be taken such as keeping high noise generating equipment like pumps, motors, etc., on anti-vibration pads, closed rooms and regular maintenance as suggested by the manufacturer. Some of the mitigation measures proposed are as mentioned below Noise level specification of the various equipment as per the Occupational Safety and Health Association (OSHA) standards. Providing suitable enclosures (adequate insulation) to minimize the impact of high noise generating sources. Employees will be provided with PPE like ear plugs, helmets etc. Development of greenbelt all along the boundary and along the roads within the project 4.8 Prediction of Impacts on Land Environment M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 4.24 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Environmental Impacts on land environment have been classified primarily into two broad aspects, i.e. direct impacts on the soil and land in the area and impacts on the flora and fauna of the area. Land environment in the area has potential for contamination arising out of solid waste stored on to the landfill area. The leachate generated from the land fill area is collected in the leachate holding tank and the leachate is used back on to the landfill for dust suppression, mixing in stabilization process, etc. If any excess leachate is left over, it will be treated in solar evaporation pond or spray dryer. As a result of this there is no contamination of the soil due to the wastewater generation and hence the impacts due to the proposed facility on the land environment would be negligible. To address the impacts on flora and fauna, it has been observed that there are no endangered species in the project area and green belt will be developed along the boundary and adjacent to roads. Under CSR activities adjacent open lands, parks, etc. will be improved by plantation. 4.9 Predicted Impacts of the Landfill The project has proposed secured scientific landfill which comprises Govt. of India Regulations and Hazardous Wastes (Management & Handling) Rules 1989 and its subsequent amendments in 2000, 2003, 2008, 2009 and 2016 as the Hazardous Wastes (Management, Handling and Transboundary Movement) Rules with containment measures, Composite bottom liner to prevent leachate percolation Landfill gas management system Rodent control Dust control etc. There shall be no loss of carbon sequestration on account of the proposed activity since the area is almost barren. Development of a thick greenbelt all long the boundary of the site will sufficiently compensate for the loss. As there are no rare or endangered or M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 4.25 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha endemic or threatened (REET) species, the proposed project will not pose any problem to any REET species. Hence, the impact of the project on biota is also negligible. 4.10 Impacts on the Community Public Safety: A few activities carried out in the facility are likely to have adverse impacts on the public safety. However, with the implementation of a strong environmental management plan, the communities residing near the project site are unlikely to be exposed to any significant long-term hazards. Aesthetics: The project site is located far away from any kind of settlements or habitation. Moreover, the proposed greenbelt around the site as a part of the environmental management plan will help in improving the aesthetics of the environment. 4.11 Impact on Ecology There is no ecological and/or otherwise sensitive areas viz. wildlife sanctuary, national parks, archeologically important areas within 10 km radius of the project site. There are no known rare, endangered or ecologically significant animal and plant species. Except for a few wild species of plants and grasses and a few animals that are very commonly spotted in any rural environment, the study area does not have any endangered or endemic species of animals. Due to the development of green belt at the project vicinity the impact on the ecology will be minimal. 4.12 Impact on Socio Economics The proposed facility is likely to provide direct and indirect employment to many and likely to increase the socio-economic status of the nearby villages in the study area. Due to the proposed project, the facilities for public transport, water supply telecommunications, education, public wealth etc., are likely to improve and so a positive impact on the overall socio economic status. 4.13 Odor Management M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 4.26 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha The goal for effective odor management is to eliminate objectionable odors by reducing the frequency, intensity, duration, and offensiveness of odors generated during various activities of plant operation that people might experience. The following describe some of the specific odor causing compounds and conditions that can arise from solid waste handling: Waste Transportation Odors from waste transportation can vary greatly depending on the type of waste and the method of transport. These odors are normally transient in nature and rarely the source of ongoing odor impacts. Typical odor causing compounds from waste transportation include volatile organic acids which can be prevented by containing the wastes as per CPCB guidelines. Storage Facility The primary objective of storage facility is to temporarily store the collected & transported waste before sending it to landfill, depending upon their characteristics. Some biological activity will occur on storage, and the gases generated can be a source of unpleasant odors. The potential for waste odors to be carried away by the movement of air will increase if the waste is left uncovered. It is important that putrescible waste be kept relatively cool in an enclosed container and be removed and disposed quickly. It is also important that the container be adequately cleaned after that waste is removed so that putrescible residues do not remain to decompose further and generate odor. Landfill facility The most common odor-causing compounds at landfill cell are hydrogen sulphide, sulphur dioxide, ammonia etc. These odor causing compounds are produced through the decomposition of wastes. In addition, methane can be generated by waste decomposition. These problems can be addressed by control of transportation; appropriate waste storage and containment, minimization of the area and time that the M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 4.27 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha active portion of the landfill remains exposed to the environment, and in general careful operation and maintenance of the landfill facility. 4.13.1 Odor Control Measures Storage Facility The proposed facility will receive and store the waste in an enclosed area. While handling odorous wastes, care shall be taken to avoid smell nuisance. Landfill Cell For landfill cell, the following methods can be used to control odor: Excluding any kind of development close to the site. Green belt development to form a surface capable of sorbing and forming sinks for odorous gases. Leaves with their vast area in a tree crown, sorb pollutants on their surface, thus effectively reduce their concentrations in the ambient air and source emissions. Ensuring that the operation is carried out under the best management practices Storing putrescible waste in order to minimize its decomposition and control release and dispersal of its odorants Cleaning and timely removing spilled debris from storage and transport containers Minimization of the area and time that the active portion of the landfill remains exposed to the environment Herbal spray on hazardous waste after disposing it in the landfill cell M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 4.28 CHAPTER 5 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES (Technology & Site) EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Chapter 5 Analysis of Alternative Site & Technology 5.1 Introduction The proposed project is being established within the existing OWMP Common Hazardous Waste Treatment Storage and Disposal Facility at Jajpur, Odisha and hence no alternate sites were considered. 5.1.1 Site selection The existing project site proposed for expansion of the facility is meeting site selection criteria of CPCB guidelines as well as the site selection criteria of TSDF as shown in Table 5.1. The following areas have to be excluded or rejected (knock out Criteria) for this type of industries. Areas with unstable geological features like unstable or weak soil, organic soil, soft clay or clay-sand mixtures, soil that lose strength with compaction or with wetting, clays with a shrink-swell character, sand subjected to subsidence and hydraulic influence. Subsidence: e.g. owing to subsurface mines, water, oil or gas withdrawal or solution prone subsurface. Wet lands. Historical migration zones. Flood prone areas. Area with 500 m from water supply zone and within 200 m from property line. Natural depression and valleys where water contamination is likely. Areas of ground water recharge and extremely high water table zone. M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 5.1 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Unique habitation areas, close to national parks with scenic beauty and formerly used landfills. Areas with high population, unique archaeological, historical, paleontological and religious interests. Agricultural and forests lands and existing dump sites. Atmospheric conditions that would prevent safe disposal of an accidental release. Major natural hazards, e.g. volcanic activity, seismic disturbance, etc. Sensitive locations, e.g. storing flammable or explosive materials, airports. An unfavorable local hydro-geological situation, e.g. springs or drinking water well within very close proximity to the chosen area. Extremely bad access i.e. no existing access roads to the selected site which may be involved. Long distance more than 5 km from main roads. Great differences in altitude between the area of waste collection and the selected site. Table 5.1 Location criteria for the proposed project Parameter Criteria Observation Lake or pond Should not be No water body exists within 200 m area of within 200 m the site River Should not be No river within 100 m of site. within 100 m River Brahmani (10 km towards South) Flood plain Should not be Not in the flood plain region within 100 m flood plain High way – State or Should not be No Highway within 500 m area. National within 500 m Nearest National Highway – 53, Connecting Duburi along with SH-20 is approximately at 0.8 Km N Habitation – Notified Should not be None in study area habituated area within 500 m Public Parks Should not be No public park exists within 500 m within 500 m M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 5.2 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Critical habitat area – area Not suitable There are no endangered species in the site in which one or more endangered species live Wet lands Not suitable Not a wet land. Air Port Should not be Cuttack airport is approximately 43 km S from within zone around the site. the airport(s) Water supply No water supply No water supply wells exist within 500 m area well within 500 m from site. Coastal Regulation Area Not suitable Not in the CRZ area. Groundwater table level GW table should Ground water level during monsoon season in be >2m from the the study area varies from 6 mbgl to 12 mbgl base of the landfill & in post monsoon seasons it varies from 3 mbgl to 7 mbgl. Presence of monuments / Not suitable No monuments / religious structure exists religious structures 5.2 Technological aspects Hazardous wastes, bio-medical waste, e-waste, etc., have become an important environmental and public health issue of concern to many countries in the world. In the modern framework of hazardous waste management, a four pronged strategy has been adopted 1. Minimizing the quantity of waste 2. Recycling of waste 3. Treatment of the waste 4. Collection, transport and disposal of waste in an environmentally sound manner All four of these approaches are important and are not exclusive of each other. When dealing with a given hazardous waste problem, often there is a need to utilize a combination of the four general approaches outlined above 5.2.1 Waste minimization The first priority in hazardous waste management is to reduce the quantity of waste to minimum. Three major waste reduction schemes which are often used are summarized as below: M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 5.3 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha i) Process modification Often the industrial process can be altered in such a way that the use of raw materials is optimized and the amount of-hazardous waste is reduced to barest minimum. For example, in zinc electroplating, the sulphate salt is substituted by the chloride compound with slight modification of the process; this can eliminate the cyanide problem. ii) Waste concentration The waste can be concentrated using evaporation, precipitation or decantation techniques which mean that the volume of waste can be considerably reduced using these methods. Incineration, viz., oxidation of inflammable-waste is often practiced in order to reduce the volume of waste to be handled. It is an excellent method of waste disposal, but the cost of operation usually exceeds the net gains. iii) Waste segregation Segregating the hazardous waste streams from non-hazardous streams decreases the volume of hazardous wastes, thus, making it easier to treat 5.2.2 Recycling wastes Many substances in refuse wastes have value. They include glass, wood fiber from paper products, and metal. Scientists have developed ways of recycling many wastes so they can be used again. Almost all materials are recyclable. However, in some more energy will be expended in recovery than the recovered value warrants. The two broad ways of processing hazardous waste are waste reuse and waste recycling. We shall briefly deal with them. 1. Waste reuse In some cases waste material can be used as a raw material with very little processing. Transfer of the waste "as is" without reprocessing, to another facility is known as waste reuse or waste exchange. Unwanted materials of commence such as outdated M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 5.4 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha chemicals or untested materials not meeting the high quality control requirements of purchasing industry, can be reused without processing. Process wastes such as cardboard for making paper pulp, copper or other metal salt solutions for metal recovery, oils that can be used as fuels. This includes a variety of other materials that can be reused as industrial feed stocks. 2. Waste recycling Recycling differs from reuse in that the waste must first be treated before it can be used in a manufacturing process. When a transfer of waste "as is" is not possible, reprocessing the waste for material recovery is known as recycling. For example, bag house dust from scrap steel processors, containing up to 25 per cent zinc oxide, can be combined with waste sulphuric acid to make galvaniser's pickle acid. The spent pickle liquor containing 8-10 percent zinc sulphate and some iron salts is then usable, as fertilizer in agricultural fields. Use of waste organic solvents is the best example of recycling waste. 5.2.3 Treatment of waste After material recovery, the waste water containing hazardous waste chemicals should be detoxified and neutralized through treatment. There are many technologies available for treating hazardous wastes before they are ultimately disposed of. Their aim is to modify the physical and/or chemical properties of the wastes so that they are rendered harmless. Selection of a treatment process depends on many factors such as the nature of the waste, the desired characteristics of the output stream, and economic and energy considerations. The treatment technologies can be divided into the following groups, namely: Physical treatment Chemical treatment Biological treatment Solidification, and Incineration M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 5.5 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha i) Physical treatment Physical treatment conducted using various methods such as phase separation. Phase separation includes three steps, namely: lagooning, prolonged storage in tanks and sludge drying in beds. Lagooning and tank storage are collectively used to separate particulate impurities ii) Chemical treatment This treatment is used to facilitate complete breakdown of hazardous wastes and more usually to modify the chemical properties of the wastes, e.g., to reduce water solubility or to neutralize acidity or alkalinity. The techniques involve oxidation, chemical reduction, neutralization, heavy metal precipitation, oil/water separation and solvents/fuels recovery. iii) Biological treatment The gross impurities obtained from treatment of sewage are collectively known as sludge, which is given biological treatment, before disposal. This is known as sludge processing which has become important since improvements in industrial waste water treatment. The typical technologies for sludge processing include conditioning, digestion, composting, thickening or dewatering and solidification. Conditioning: In this step the sludge is exposed to atmosphere for a stipulated period until a desired consistency is reached Digestion: In this process the sludge is treated with bacteria which break down the long chain compounds into simpler ones Composting: In this step the organic matter in the waste sludge is converted into a usable stable material iv) Solidification Processes convert the liquid waste into insoluble, rock-hard material and are used as pretreatment prior to landfill disposal. This is usually done by mixing the waste with M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 5.6 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha various reactants to produce a solid mass. The basic aim of solidification process is to immobilize the hazardous constituents of the waste, so that these do not leach out at the landfill disposal site. v) Incineration Thermal oxidation through incinerator is one of the proven technologies for destruction of hazardous waste in all the forms i.e. solid / semi solid / liquid and gaseous, based on the feeding system, so as to render them innocuous in the form of non-toxic and non- hazardous residues. 5.2.4 Collection, transportation and disposal Waste disposal is a multiphase activity, the different stages of which, i.e. collection, interim storage, transport; treatment and disposal are highly interdependent, both technically and organizationally. Safe collection and transport of hazardous waste form a critical link in the chain between its point of generation and its place of treatment and disposal. In many respects, the same precautions apply to hazardous waste in transit as apply to the carriage of dangerous goods; however, additional problems arise from the hazardous nature of certain wastes because: Waste in general has no perceptible economic value to the generator; The chemical and physical properties of a waste may not be precisely known because it is frequently a complex mixture from which all economically useful components have been extracted: Mixing of non-compatible wastes for convenience in transit could create an acute hazard, either immediately or on treatment and disposal (for example, a mixture of ether waste containing a sodium residue with an aqueous ether waste will explode) Therefore, for a safe and secure disposal of hazardous waste, there should be a proper collection, transport and storage system. The non-compatible wastes should be segregated and transported separately. M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 5.7 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha 5.3 Disposal of hazardous waste The final disposal of the hazardous wastes also needs to be carefully planned. There are four different ways in which hazardous wastes can be finally disposed Landfill disposal. Incineration. Underground disposal The above mentioned methods of disposal of hazardous wastes are elaborately discussed as here under. 5.3.1 Landfill disposal The disposal of hazardous waste by land filling is an important method of disposal in many countries. Landfilling means storing harmful substances under the ground. This involves hauling the refuse to an area allocated for this purpose. In India such areas range from unsanitary open dumps to properly operated sanitary landfills. Open dumps are a poor method of waste disposal because they cause environmental problems. For example, they can ruin the appearance of all area and provide a home for rats and other rodents who spread disease. If garbage is exposed, it rots and smells foul. Most dumps allow some burning, which fills the surroundings with smoke. In addition, rain water can drain through refuse and carry harmful substances to streams. Properly operated sanitary landfills cause little damage to the environment. The area to be filled with waste must be lined with a nonporous substance such as clay, or high density polyethylene (HDPE)—plastic membrane to prevent the wastes from leaking to the surrounding areas. The wastes are packed and dumped at the site and covered with earth each day. They cover of earth prevents insects and rodents from getting into refuse. Operators of these sites forbid burning. In time, sanitary landfill sites become filled up; many communities then cover the site for a final time and use the area for recreational purpose. M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 5.8 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha A typical landfill site consists of an artificial double liner at the bottom and a cover at the top. The above design of landfill site does not have any provision for monitoring and repair of thesite. In the recent past, a new concept has developed in which the landfill site is constructed on a structure consisting of concrete cells. The cell is a space for plant personnel to visit and observe any fault and repair the same. 5.3.2 Incineration Incineration burns waste products. This is another method many industries and large cities use if they do not have enough vacant areas for disposal sites nearby. Most hazardous wastes are detoxified in this process. This is also an excellent method of waste minimization, waste detoxification and disposal, but its cost of operation is very high, if the heat content of waste is not reutilized. 5.3.2.1 Advantages Incineration is a process for the high-temperature oxidation of gaseous, liquid or solid wastes, convening them into gases and an incombustible residue. The flue gases are released to the atmosphere with or without recovery of heat and with or without cleaning; and any slag or ash produced is deposited in a landfill. In general, incineration may be considered as an alternative method of detoxifying some non-recoverable highly toxic wastes. It is an excellent method of reducing waste volume, and in addition offers the possibility for recovering the heat content of the waste. In some communities heat from municipal waste incineration is used to produce steam. This steam drives turbines that produce electric power. Recycling of heat thus reduces the cost of operation of incinerators. 5.3.2.2 Waste input Generally, the wastes having inflammable characteristics are incinerated. The following types of wastes are commonly treated in hazardous waste incinerators: Solvent waste and sludges Waste mineral oils M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 5.9 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Varnish and paint wastes and sludges Plastics, rubber and latex waste sludges and emulsions Oils, emulsions and oil/water mixtures Phenolic wastes Mineral oil sludges Resin waste Grease and wax wastes Pesticide wastes Acid tar and spent clay Organic wastes containing halogen, sulphur or phosphorus compounds. Wastes having high chlorine, sulphur, nitrogen and phosphorus contents, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) and those containing heavy metals and carcinogenic substances need special incineration technologies and precautions. A large number of municipal incinerators lack adequate air pollution control devices. Burning in many of these devices may release gases and solid particles that may harm human health, damage property and kill plants. The flue gases from ordinary incinerators can be dangerous in the absence of pollution control devices. Furthermore, as you have read earlier, incineration sometimes becomes a costly affair. 5.3.3 Underground disposal It maybe excessively expensive to dispose of certain hazardous wastes, such as radioactive nuclear wastes, in an environmentally acceptable manner at landfill still sites or incinerate them at thermal treatment plants. These wastes are generated in all operations associated with the use of nuclear energy for national defense or peaceful purposes such as mining of radioactive ore, production of nuclear fuel, laboratory experiments and medical treatment. Underground disposal may provide an environmentally and economically viable option in case of radioactive wastes. The underground disposal of hazardous waste is acceptable only in inactive or partially active mines that meet specific geological and technical criteria. Worldwide, only one deep- M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 5.10 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Salt mines are often used for radioactive waste disposal because the excellent properties of salt deposits prevent the interaction of wastes with other geological formations. The very existence of a salt deposit is a proof that the underground site has been unaffected by water for millions of years. Salt is impermeable to liquids and gases. Due to its hygroscopic nature, salt is capable of absorbing water entering the formation from outside and of repairing minor fractures by re-crystallization, thus maintaining the original impermeability. This feature is frequently supplemented by impermeable upper strata consisting of wastes, usually rock, from mines or other industries. The atmosphere in salt mines is extremely dry, so metal equipment and containers do no trust. There is no risk of methane explosions as in coal mines. Bursting of carbon dioxide gas inclusions in the salt mines may be observed during excavation of rocks but this does not pose a risk, particularly after mining operations have ceased. Thermal conductivity of salt is good. Salt is strong, permitting the excavation of spacious, stable galleries. In addition, salt has certain plasticity under pressure, allowing the dispersion of strain and increasing the overall stability. Based on the several options present for safe treatment, storage, disposal & recycling of various wastes in the proposed projects the following options are considered which meeting the national standards. Hazardous wastes: Recycling, treatment stabilization, secured landfill, incineration Bio medical wastes: Disinfection, shredding, incineration, secured landfill E Wastes: Dismantling, cutting, disposal to authorized dealers, incineration 5.4 No project option It has been made mandatory by the government to dispose of Solid (Hazardous, Bio- medical, E Waste, etc.,) waste in systematic and scientific disposal way and pollution control boards have been asked to ensure it. For systematic & scientific disposal of hazardous wastes, an ICHWMF becomes necessary where care is to be taken to avoid any negative effects on the environment. M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 5.11 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha The integrated treatment facility proposed in the project is among the recent advances of technology and research. Its implementation would provide a ‘one stop’ solution for Treatment, Storage & Disposal Facility for various kinds of wastes like the industrial, hazardous and biomedical wastes. The proposed facility being a centralized treatment, storage and disposal facility for hazardous wastes from different industries, will create a clean environment by avoiding the indiscriminate dumping of waste in open sites which pollutes the air, land and water; the toxic, corrosive and reactive emissions which affect the health and environment through generation of toxic gases and obnoxious odors and finally it will also ensure the preservation of flora and fauna of the surrounding regions. Odisha state harbors many small, medium and large sale industries and many are in the pipeline. The industries in and around Jajpur are facing huge cost burdens in terms of treatment and management of hazardous waste produced by them. This has also led to unauthorized/ unorganized disposal of such waste leading to environmental pollution. Hence in the absence of this project, there are chances that this situation may continue to prevail. Benefits and advantages of project Management of hazardous waste with additional benefit of green and clean Environment. It minimizes the pollution load on environment from industrial hazardous waste. Compliance with prescribed regulatory norms which in turn avert the risk of closure on account of violation of rules. It reduces the number of hazardous waste sites in the area and also eliminates the pollution potential. The management of wastes is relatively easier & economically viable at common facility. Cost of environmental monitoring is less at common facility Reduced environmental liability due to captive storage of hazardous waste in the premises of industries Better occupational health and safety at individual industry level M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 5.12 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Prevention of natural resource contamination thereby improving overall environmental status of the region The proposed project will not cause depletion of natural resources or the significant adverse impacts on environment. On the contrary, it will produce value added resources such as facilitating better management of the industrial wastes. Hence, “No Project Option” is not considered. M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 5.13 CHAPTER 6 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Chapter 6 Environmental Monitoring Program 6.1 Environmental Monitoring Program Environmental monitoring program describes the processes and activities that need to take place to characterize and monitor the quality of the environment. Environmental monitoring is used in the preparation of environmental impact assessments, as well as in many circumstances in which human activities carry a risk of harmful effects on the natural environment. All monitoring strategies and program have reasons and justifications which are often designed to establish the current status of an environment or to establish trends in environmental parameters. In all cases the results of monitoring will be reviewed, analyzed statistically and submitted to concerned authorities. The design of a monitoring program must therefore have regard to the final use of the data before monitoring starts. The monitoring program will have three phases 1. Construction phase 2. Monitoring phase 3. Post monitoring phase 6.2 Construction Phase The proposed project envisages expansion and up gradation of existing common hazardous waste treatment facility to Integrated Common Hazardous Waste Treatment, Storage, Disposal and Recycling Facility at Kanchichuan village, Jajpur district, Odisha. Though secured landfill cell, sheds for treatment unit, storage unit for collected and segregated waste, administrative blocks, canteen etc. already exist for the available TSDF in OWMP site, the expansion would require further construction activities that include construction of new secured landfills, sheds for treatment units, stores, etc. Major mechanical components in the common TSDF facility include incinerator, autoclave, shredder, diesel generator, cathode ray tube cutter and other civil, mechanical and electrical equipment. The construction activities require partial clearing of vegetation, mobilization of construction material and equipment. The construction activities are expected to last for few months. M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 6.1 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha The existing secured landfill cell has been constructed complying with the standards following the guidelines set by the CPCB for hazardous wastes. Further construction of new secured landfill cells during expansion will also be done in similar manner and at every stage the quality of construction will be monitored viz. base preparation, liners quality, drainage layers, leachate collection system, storm water management system, gas vent systems, etc. The generic environmental measures that need to be undertaken during project construction stage are given in the following Table 6.1 Table 6.1 Environmental Measures during Construction S. Potential Detailed action to be followed Parameters for Frequency of No Impact as per EMP monitoring monitoring 1. Air Emissions All equipment are operated Random checks of Once in a within specified design equipment logs/ quarter/as per parameters manuals CTE issued by SPCB Vehicle trips have to be Vehicle Logs Once in a minimized to the extent quarter/as per possible CTE issued by SPCB Any dry, dusty materials stored Stockpiles or open Once in a in sealed containers are containers of dusty quarter/as per prevented from blowing. materials CTE issued by Compaction of soil during Construction logs SPCB various construction activities DG set emissions have to meet Gaseous emissions Once in a stipulated standards (SO2, HC, CO, NOx) quarter/as per CTE issued by SPCB Ambient air quality within the PM10, PM2.5, SO2, At 3-4 locations premises and adjacent villages NOx, and CO in every of the proposed unit to be quarter/as per monitored. CTE issued by SPCB 2. Noise List of all noise generating Equipment logs, Once in a machinery onsite has to be noise monitoring month/as per prepared. CTE issued by SPCB Working during night has to be Records of working minimized. hours Generation of vehicular noise Maintenance of has to be minimized records of vehicles Implement good working Maintaining records M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 6.2 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha S. Potential Detailed action to be followed Parameters for Frequency of No Impact as per EMP monitoring monitoring practices (equipment selection of noise levels and siting) to minimize noise and also reduce its impacts on human health (ear muffs, safe distances, and enclosures). Daily till the Machinery should not be run construction when not required. activities are Acoustic mufflers/enclosures Mufflers/enclosures completed/ as have to be provided for large shall be in place. per CTE issued equipment by SPCB Noise levels have to be Continuous monitored in ambient air recording of noise within the plant premises. levels The noise levels shall not exceed the permissible limits both during day and night All equipment shall be Random checks of operated within specified equipment logs/ design parameters. manuals Vehicle trips to be minimized Vehicle logs to the extent possible 3. Soil Erosion Minimize the area of site Site boundaries not Once in six clearance by complying within extended / months/ as per the defined boundaries breached as per CTE issued by plan document. SPCB Protect topsoil stockpile Effective cover in place. 4. Wastewater No direct discharge of No discharge hoses Discharge wastewater to be made into shall be in vicinity surface water, groundwater or of watercourses. soil. Once in a The discharge point would be Discharge norms quarter/ as per selected properly and sampling for effluents as CTE issued by and analysis would be given in Permits SPCB undertaken prior to discharge Take care of the disposal of Discharge norms wastewater generated such for effluents as that soil and groundwater given in permits resources are protected. 5. Drainage and Ensure drainage system and Visual inspection of Once in a Effluent specific design measures are drainage and month/ as per Management working effectively. records CTE issued by They are designed to SPCB incorporate existing drainage pattern and avoid disturbing M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 6.3 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha S. Potential Detailed action to be followed Parameters for Frequency of No Impact as per EMP monitoring monitoring the same. 6. Waste Implement waste management Comprehensive Once in a Management plan that identifies and Waste quarter/ as per characterizes every waste Management Plan CTE issued by associated with the proposed should be in place SPCB activities and available for inspection onsite. Also to identify the procedures Compliance with for collection, handling and Hazardous Wastes disposal of each waste that (Management and arises. Handling Rules), 2016 7. Non-routine Plan will be drawn, considering Mock drills and Once in six events and the likely emergencies and records of the same months/ as per accidental steps required to prevent/limit CTE issued by releases consequences. SPCB 8. Health Health check-ups for All relevant Once in six employees and migrant labor parameters of months/ as per occupational health CTE issued by SPCB/ as per Factories Act 6.3 Operation Phase The existing facilities of OWMP TSDF are regularly monitored for air emissions, wastewater characteristics, ash generation quantity, etc. during operation. Similar monitoring would be undertaken for the existing and upcoming facilities that impact environmental quality as mentioned in Table 6.2. The following attributes require regular monitoring based on the environmental setting and nature of project activities which include: Point Source emissions and ambient air quality in nearby villages Groundwater Levels and ground water quality Water & wastewater quality & quantity Solid waste characterization (Ash, leachate treatment plant & Septic tank/soak pit sludge) Soil quality Noise levels (equipment and machinery noise levels, occupational exposures and ambient noise levels) Ecological preservation and Afforestation. M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 6.4 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Table 6.2 Environmental Monitoring during Operational Phase S.No Potential Action to be taken Parameters for Frequency of impact monitoring monitoring 1. Air Emissions Stack emissions from Operating hours, Incinerator Temperature, Pressure, TOC of residues, LOI of residues, Stack temp, CO, PM, HCl, HF, SO2, NOx, TOC, Mercury, Heavy metals, dioxins and furans as prescribed in CFE /CTE Once in a month Gas quality from VOC, H2S as per CFE landfill areas conditions given Stack emissions from As per CFE conditions by SPCB. DG sets PM, SO2, NOx AAQ within the project As per CFE conditions/ premises. NAAQ Standards The vehicles used shall Vehicle logs to be have PUC certificate. Maintained Meteorological data Wind speed, direction, temp., relative humidity and rainfall. 2. Noise Noise generated from Continuous noise level Once in a operation of boilers, recording month/ as per cooling towers, etc to CTO conditions be monitored given by SPCB 3. Wastewater Comply with pH, TSS, TDS, BOD, COD & Daily at regular Discharge wastewater discharge Oil & grease (Heavy intervals/ as per (leachate) standards as per metals) CTO conditions CPCB/SPCB given by SPCB 4. Solid Comply with HWM Comply with HWM rules Once in a waste/Haz. rules month/ as per Waste CTO conditions given by SPCB 5. Ground Monitoring ground Monitoring parameters Once in a Water water quality in and as per CPCB norms quarter/ as per Quality around project site CTO conditions given by SPCB M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 6.5 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha S.No Potential Action to be taken Parameters for Frequency of impact monitoring monitoring 6. Flora and Vegetation, green Survival of native plant Once in a Fauna cover and greenbelt species and maintenance season/ as per development of planted species CTO conditions given by SPCB 7. Soil quality Checking and Physico-chemical Once in a maintenance of soil parameters such as NPK, quarter/ as per quality in and around heavy metals etc. CTO conditions the project site given by SPCB 8. Health Health check-ups for All relevant parameters Once in six employees and migrant of occupational health months/ as per labour CTO issued by SPCB/ as per Factories Act 6.4 Post Operational Phase Post-closure monitoring of the landfill will be done primarily as a compliance requirement in addition to social responsibility; this also provides an early warning towards possible adverse impacts on human health and the environment. The post-closure program of monitoring for water quality in the ground water and surface waters down gradient of the landfill will be similar to that established for the operational stage of the facility. The frequency of monitoring may be varied from time to time depending on changing circumstances. There is no need for the post-closure monitoring of air quality, noise or visual effects during the post-closure period however this need will be reviewed periodically and if any aspects warrant further monitoring they will be included in the program. The details of the post closure monitoring are given in Table 6.3. M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 6.6 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Table 6.3 Environmental Monitoring during Post Operation phase S.No Potential Action to be Parameters for Frequency of Impact Followed Monitoring Monitoring 1. Air Emissions Gas quality from VOC, H2S Monitoring of 3-4 landfill areas locations as per AAQ within the As per CTO conditions / CTO conditions project premises and NAAQ standards given by SPCB surroundings. The vehicles used vehicle logs will be shall have PUC maintained certificate. 2. Wastewater Comply with pH, TSS, TDS, BOD, COD Daily at regular discharge (for wastewater & Oil & grease (Heavy intervals/ as per leachate) discharge standards metals) CTO conditions as per CPCB/SPCB given by SPCB 3. Ground Water Monitoring ground Monitoring parameters Once in a quarter/ Quality and water quality in and as per CPCB norms as per CTO Water Levels around project site conditions given by SPCB 4. Flora and Vegetation, green Survival of native plant Once in a season/ Fauna cover and greenbelt species and as per CTO development maintenance of planted conditions given species by SPCB 5. Soil quality Checking and Physico-chemical Once in a quarter/ maintenance of soil parameters such as as per CTO quality in and around NPK, heavy metals etc. conditions given the project site by SPCB 6. Health Health check-ups for All relevant parameters Once in six employees and of occupational health months/ as per migrant labour CTO issued by SPCB/ as per Factories Act 6.5 Environmental Laboratory Equipment An in-house environmental laboratory for the routine monitoring of air, water, soil, meteorology and noise exists in the OWMP facility where all tests are performed based on CPCB/MoEFCC prescribed standard protocols. For all non-routine analysis, the plant utilizes M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 6.7 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha the services of external recognized laboratories and facilities. The procedures given in IS standards or CPCB approved methods will be followed of analysis and sampling of various environmental parameters. Same facilities would be utilized for testing various environmental quality analysis parameters in proposed expansion also. The list of laboratory equipment need for the environmental monitoring is given in Table 6.4. Table 6.4 Equipment Needed for Environmental Monitoring Name of the Equipment No of Instruments for laboratory Online monitoring for incinerator stack 1 Weather Station, which can record wind speed, wind direction 1 Temperature, Relative Humidity (Automatic or manual), Respirable Dust samplers 3 Fine Dust samplers 3 Portable Flue Gas Combustion Analyser 1 Portable Noise level meter (Dosimeter) 1 Portable Wastewater Analysis Kit 1 BOD Incubator 1 COD Digester with colorimeter 2 Electronic Balance 1 Spectrophotometer 1 Hot Air Oven 1 Laboratory Water Distillation and demineralization unit 2 General glass ware and laboratory chemicals, etc As required 6.5.1 Environmental Management Cell Presently an efficient environmental management cell at OWMP is headed by a Project Incharge/head having a minimum of 5 to 10 years of experience. The project Incharge/head is supported by team of members (managers, operators, chemists, technicians, etc.) having minimum of 2 to 3 years of experience in their respective fields of work. The same team would also take charge of the proposed expansion with more added manpower as required during and after construction and operation of the new facilities. The general organizational setup of the environmental management cell is given below in Figure 6.1. M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 6.8 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Figure 6.1 Organization setup of environmental management 6.6 Pollution Monitoring Facilities Incinerator stack and DG set stack should have provision of platform and port hold to stack sampling meeting MOEF standards with necessary power point. Environmental laboratory shall have above equipment/instruments to analyze air and wastewater parameters. 6.6.1 Reporting Schedules of the Monitoring Data It is proposed that voluntary reporting of environmental performance with reference to the EMP should be undertaken. The environmental monitoring cell shall co-ordinate all monitoring program at site and data thus generated shall be regularly furnished to the State regulatory agencies. The frequency of reporting shall be on six monthly basis to the local state PCB officials and to Regional office of MoEF. The Environmental Audit reports shall be prepared for the entire year of operations and shall be regularly submitted to regulatory authorities. 6.6.2 Public Health Monitoring The value of Public Health studies in seeking to establish whether or not a site or facility has caused significant adverse health effects is well known. In this situation the results form a public health study may not fulfill the primary objective of such a program, which is to detect health changes before the manifestation of adverse health effects. However, three- stage health monitoring program is proposed. M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 6.9 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Monitor the health of workers within the project site to identify adverse health effects, and Periodically obtain feedback from local doctors regarding any potential indicators of adverse health effects due to environmental cause in the communities surrounding, and particularly down-stream of the landfill. By organizing health camps on a regular basis. 6.6.3 Budgetary Provision for EMP In order to comply with the environmental protection measures as suggested in the above sections, the project management has made budgetary provision for environmental protection and safety measures. Cost towards environmental mitigation measures for newly proposed facilities are given in Table 6.5. Table 6.5 Budget of implementation of Environmental Management Plan S. Particulars Capital Cost Recurring Cost No (Rs. Crores) (Rs Lakhs/annum) 1 Air Pollution Control Systems 8.0 30.0 2 LT collection system, holding tank, STP, etc 0.5 5.0 3 Gas collection, management, odour control etc 0.5 3.0 4 Noise Control measures – Acoustic enclosures for DG 0.3 2.0 set, Noise barriers for pumps, etc 5 Greenbelt development 0.5 5.0 6 Rainwater harvesting, storm water drains, storm water 0.5 3.0 collection ponds 7 Online Stack monitoring 2.0 5.0 8 Ambient Air quality monitoring, Laboratory equipments, 1.0 5.0 etc 9 Third party monitoring, energy audit, environmental 1.0 6.0 audit, training programs, etc 10 Environmental control measures during construction 0.5 5.0 stage 11 Miscellaneous 0.8 15.0 Total 15.6 84.0 Capital Cost of the project is Rs.150 Crores M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 6.10 CHAPTER 7 ADDITIONAL STUDIES EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Chapter 7 Additional Studies 7.1 Risk Assessment & Disaster Management Plan The principal objective of the risk assessment study is to identify and quantify the major hazards and the risk associated with various operations of the proposed project, which may lead to emergency consequences (disasters) affecting the public safety and health. Based on this information, an emergency preparedness plan is to be prepared to mitigate the consequences. The approach involves hazards identification, hazards assessment and evaluation, developing Disaster Management Plan (DMP). 7.1.1 Risk Analysis Risk analysis includes an estimate of the probability or likelihood that an event will occur. Estimation of random incidents totally uncorrected with plant activities may also be taken. Risk can be characterized in qualitative terms as high, medium or low or in quantitative terms using numerical estimates and statistical calculations. For practical purposes a risk analysis may be based on a subjective, common-sense evaluation. Both probability and consequences are extremely important in evaluating risk. A high risk situation can be the result of a high probability with severe consequences (e.g. irreversible health effects or death due to an airborne toxic dust, a fire or explosion with injuries or fatalities), whereas moderate risk situations can be a result of either high probability with mild consequences or low probability with more severe consequences. Diminishing the likelihood of an accident or minimizing the consequences will reduce risk overall. A relative ranking of hazards requires extensive mathematical evaluations, application of statistics and extensive support from experts. Application of readily available information and common sense when combined with site-specific evaluations such as the vulnerability analysis will complete much of the risk analysis process. M/S Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 7.1 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha 7.1.2 Evaluating Hazards The need for the sophisticated techniques for evaluating hazards depends on the result of preliminary hazard analysis. Various techniques for evaluation hazards are: Hazard and Operability Study (HAZOP) Accident Consequence Analysis Event Tree Analysis Fault Tree Analysis Failure Modes, Effects and Criticality Analysis. In order to be prepared to face the adverse effects of accidents, an Emergency Preparedness Plan (EPP) has to be prepared. Such a plan must cover the possible hazardous situations in the locality and the causes, areas most likely to be affected, on-site and off-site plans, establishment of Emergency Control Centres (ECC), location of emergency services and duties of officers/staff during emergency. The EPP document for accidents is to be designed to provide measures to contain the incident and for minimization of effects due to fire, explosives, release or escape of toxic gas, spillage of hazardous substances in storage, processing or during transportation. The necessary preventive and protective steps required to be taken before, during and after an accident that need to be worked out are discussed in detail in the document. 7.2 Identification of Major Hazard Installations By studying accidents occurred in industries in India over a few decades, a specific legislation covering major hazard activities has been enforced by Government of India in 1989 in conjunction with Environment Protection Act, 1986 and is referred here as GoI rules 1989. For the purpose of identifying major hazard installations the rules employ certain criteria based on toxic, flammable and explosive properties of chemicals and the hazardous installations as per the latest emendations have been identified for this purpose. 7.2.1 Identification of Toxic, Flammable, Explosive Chemicals Toxic Chemicals: Chemicals having the following values of acute toxicity and which owing to their physical and chemical properties are capable of producing major accidents: M/S Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 7.2 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha S. No Toxicity Oral toxicity Dermal toxicity Inhalation toxicity LD50 (mg/kg) LD50 (mg/kg) LC50 (mg/l) 1. Extremely toxic >5 <40 <0.5 2. Highly toxic >5-50 >40-200 <0.5-2.0 3. Toxic >50-200 >200-1000 >2-10 Flammable Chemicals: Flammable gases: Gases which at 20°C and at standard pressure of 101.3 kPa are:- Ignitable when in a mixture of 13 percent or less by volume with air, or Have a flammable range with air of at least 12 percentage points regardless of the lower flammable limits. Note: - The flammability shall be determined by tests or by calculation in accordance with methods adopted by International Standards Organization ISO Number10156 of 1990 or by Bureau of Indian Standards ISI Number 1446 of 1985. Extremely flammable liquids: chemicals which have flash point lower than or equal to 23°C and boiling point less than 35°C Very highly flammable liquids: chemicals which have a flash point lower than or equal to 23°C and initial boiling point higher than 35°C. Highly flammable liquids: chemicals which have a flash point lower than or equal to 60°C but higher than 23°C. Flammable liquids: chemicals which have a flash point higher than 60°C but lower than 90°C. Explosives: Explosives means a solid or liquid or pyrotechnic substance (or a mixture of substances) or an article. which is in itself capable by chemical reaction of producing gas at such a temperature and pressure and at such a speed as to cause damage to the surroundings; Which is designed to produce an effect by heat, light, sound, gas or smoke or a combination of these as a result of non-detonative self-sustaining exothermic chemical reaction. M/S Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 7.3 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha 7.2.2 Applicability of Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemicals Rules: A systematic analysis of the chemicals and their quantities of storage has been carried out to determine threshold quantities as notified by GoI Rules, 1989 and the applicable rules are identified. The results are summarized in Table 7.1. Table 7.1 Description of applicable provisions of GoI rules Applicable Description rules 1 Short title and commencement: These rules are called as Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemical Rules, 1989. 2 Definitions: In these rules, unless the context otherwise requires 3 Duties of authorities General responsibility of the occupier during industrial activity 4 Take adequate steps to prevent major accidents Provide information to persons working onsite Impart training, provide equipment and antidotes 5 Notification of major accidents to concerned authority If any major accident occurs, occupier to inform Concerned authority as listed in Schedule 5 and submit report as per the format in Schedule 6 (applies after commencing of the activity) 6 Industrial activity to which rules 7 To 15 are applicable 7 Notification of site to competent authority 8 Updating of site notification following changes in threshold quantity 9 Transitional provision for the existing activity 10 Preparation of safety reports for commencement of activity 11 Updating of safety reports based on modification 12 Provision of further information on safety reports to the authority 13 Preparation of onsite emergency plan by the occupier 14 Preparation of offsite emergency plan by the occupier 15 Information to be given to persons liable to be effected by a major accident 16 Disclosures of Information Where for the purpose of evaluating information notified under rule 5 or 7 to 15, the concerned authority discloses that information to some other person, that other person shall not use that information for any purpose, and before disclosing the information the concerned authority shall inform that other person of his obligations under this paragraph. 17 Collection, development and dissemination of information on hazardous chemicals employed by the occupier 18* Import of hazardous chemicals 19 Improvement Notices M/S Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 7.4 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Applicable Description rules If a person has contravened the provisions of these rules, the concerned authority shall serve on him a notice 20 Power of the central government to modify the schedules *Occupier shall develop information in the form of safety data sheet as specified in Schedule 9. Every container of the hazardous chemical should be labeled with name of the manufacturer or importer of the hazardous chemical. 7.2.3 Storage facilities of hazardous chemicals The storage capacities / details of the major hazardous chemicals proposed to be used in the project are given in Table 7.2. Table 7.2 Details of Chemicals and Applicability of GoI rules Solvent Storage Storage Listed in Scheduled Threshold Quantity (Tons) for Type Capacity Application of Rules (Tons) 5,7-9,13-15 10-12 High Speed Diesel Tankers 20 Schedule 3 (part II) 5000 50000 From the above table it can be inferred that there would be no major hazardous chemical stored at the proposed plant, which would attract the GoI rules 4 5,7-9 and 13-15, as the quantity likely to be stored at site lies below the stipulated threshold quantities. 7.2.4 Nature of Possible Hazards Hazard Area Probable Cause Of The Accident Explosion Boilers / Transformers / Receivers for Malfunctioning of the Safety Valve the Air compressors. Flammable Petroleum Product Storage External fire causing pressure built up in the Tank / Drum Storage area tanks / barrels Fire H.S.D. / FO Storage Area Flammable vapor / air mixture and source of ignition. Flammable Petroleum Product Formation on pool in the dyke wall and Storage Tank / Drum Storage Shed source of ignition. /Production Area External fire Built up of internal pressure Failure of the top cover Tank on Fire Spillage Acid / Alkali Storage Area Spillage of Acid / Alkali due to rupture of the pipe line, collapse of the storage tank M/S Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 7.5 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha 7.2.5 Maximum credible accident analysis for diesel storage area Identification of causes and types of hazards is the primary task for planning for risk assessment. Hazard can happen because of the nature of chemicals handled and also the nature of process involved. So for risk analysis first step is to identify the hazardous chemicals which are to be studied for risk analysis. Identification of hazardous chemicals is done in accordance with the manufacture, storage and import of hazardous chemical rules, 1989. Schedule 1, of the Rule provides a list of the Toxic and Hazardous chemicals and the flammable chemicals. It defines the flammable chemicals based on the flash point and boiling point. "Major accident hazards (MAH) installations" is defined as the isolated storage and industrial activity at a site handling (including transport through carrier or pipeline) of hazardous chemicals equal to or, in excess of the threshold quantities specified in Column 3 of Schedule 2 and 3 respectively Schedule 3 has classified hazardous substances in an operating plant into 5 groups and has provided the threshold quantities for application of above rules. Group 1 & 2 – Toxic substances Group 3 – Highly reactive substances Group 4 – Explosive substance Group 5 - Flammable substances The following Table 7.3 shows the list of major chemicals which have been identified as hazardous chemicals in The Manufacture, Storage and import of Hazardous Chemical Rules, 1989 and which are to be considered as Major accident hazards (MAH) installations. 20 KL/month of diesel fuel is expected to be consumed at incinerator site. Table 7.3 Hazardous Chemicals at Site Chemical Use Nature of Chemical Type of Storage & Storage (Schedule 1 & 3) No’s Quantity High Speed Supporting fuel for Highly Flammable Horizontal & 1No 20 KL Diesel (HSD) Vehicles (20 KL) M/S Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 7.6 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Summary Table on the Inventories Codes/ LEL UEL Chemical TLV (mg/m3) BP (Range) MP FP Label % HSD Flammable 800 215 - 376°C NA 32°C 0.6 6.0 TLV : Threshold Limit Value BP : Boiling Point MP : Melting Point FP : Flash Point UEL : Upper Explosive Limit LEL : Lower Explosive Limit Fire Explosive Toxicity Index (FETI) for HSD The application of FETI would help to make a quick assessment of the nature and quantification of the hazard in these areas. F & EI of fuels used for the proposed Industrial Area NFPA Classification Chemical/Fuel GPH SPH *F&EI F&E Category Nh Nf Nr MF HSD 1 2 0 10 1.8 2.83 50.89 Light *FEI = MF *(1+GPH) * (1+SPH) The F&EI values are ranked into following categories F & EI Category S.No F&EI F&E Category 1 1-60 Low 2 60-90 Medium 3 90 and above Severe Nature of Hazard from Oil Storage: Diesel is a petroleum product. It is a highly flammable liquid having flash point of 32°C, however its auto ignition temperature is 225°C. Its boiling point ranges between 215-376°C. Furnace Oil is of similar characteristics having flash point above 66°C. Major Hazards from oil storage can be fire. Maximum credible accidents from oil storage tank can be a) Tank Fire b) Pool / Dyke fire. M/S Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 7.7 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Tank Fire Oil is stored in floating roof tank. Leak in rim seal leading to accumulation of vapour is a source of fire. Lighting can be a source of ignition and can cause tank fire. Overflow from tank leading to spillage may cause vapour cloud formation. This can catch fire and it can flash back to the tank to cause tank fire. Pool / Dyke Fire If there is outflow from the tank due to any leakage from tank or any failure of connecting pipes or valves, oil will flow outside and form a pool. Where the tank is surrounded by a dyke, the pool of oil will be restricted within that dyke. After sometime, the vapour from the pool can catch fire and can cause pool or dyke fire. Heat Radiation and Thermal Damage Criteria The level of damage caused by heat radiation due to fire is a function of duration of exposure as well as heat flux (i.e. radiation energy onto the object of concern). This is true both for the effect on building and plant equipment and for the effect on personnel. However the variation of likely exposures times is more marked with personnel, due to possibility of finding shelter coupled with protection of the skin tissue (clothed or naked body). Further, it is assumed that everyone inside the area by the pool fire will be burned to death (100% lethality) or will asphyxiate. Radiation at various heat flux levels which are critical in risk analysis, are given in the Table 7.4. Table 7.4 Effect of heat radiation Exposure Time in seconds for % Fatality Radiation Level (Kw/m2) 1% 50% 99% 1.6 500 1300 3200 4.0 150 370 930 12.5 30 80 200 37.5 8 20 50 The damage and fatality (percentage of the exposed people to be killed) due to the exposure time is very important in determining the degree of fatality and corresponding M/S Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 7.8 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha effect distance. It is observed that the exposed persons normally find shelter or protection from the heat radiation (e.g. against a wall) within 10 seconds. However, exposure time of 30 seconds is normally assumed for pessimistic calculation which applies if people do not run away immediately or when no protection is available. The variation of the effects on humans due to heat flux and duration of exposure have been developed in the form of a Probit Equation which gives following values for human fatality levels in Table 7.5. Table 7.5 Heat radiation and fatality Incident Radiation Type Of Damage Intensity (KW/m2) 37.5 Sufficient to cause damage to process equipment Minimum energy required to ignite nearby wood at infinitely long 25 exposure (non-piloted) Minimum energy required for piloted ignition of wood, melting plastic 12.5 tubing etc. 1st degree burns for 10 seconds exposure. Sufficient to cause pain to personnel if unable to reach cover within 20 4.5 seconds; however blistering of skin (1st degree burns) is likely. 1.6 Will cause no discomfort to long exposure Rupture of HSD tank with a damaged hole is considered as one of the accidental scenario in which large quantity of HSD will be leaked into the surrounding areas of the storage tank. If any ignition source is available nearby the accidental site, the leaked fuel will catch fire. Hazards distances have been arrived due to effect of pool fires. For computing the damage distance from the tank failure area ALOHA software is used. Full tank storage capacity has been considered. The heat radiation effects and subsequent damage distances are given in Table 7.6. Table 7.6 Scenario (pool fire) HSD Storage Tank Scenario : Pool Fire Input Data Results of computation Spilled Quantity 20 KL Flame center height 16 m Pool Diameter 6.9 m Max burning rate liquid 193 kg/min Wind Speed 2 m/s Total Amount burned 10,523 kg Heat Radiation at ground level KW/m2 Damage distances (m) 25 <10 12.5 12 4.5 23 M/S Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 7.9 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha A perusal of the above table clearly indicates that for heat radiation of 25 KW/m2 the damage distance is found to be less than 10 m from the accidental site, whereas for heat radiation of 12.5 KW/m2 the impact distance is 12 m. Heat radiation of intensity of 4.5 KW/m2 the damage distance is of 23 m. The thermal radiation threat zone is given in Figure 7.1. and risk contours are given below in Figure 7.2. Figure 7.1 Thermal Radiation Threat Zone M/S Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 7.10 Expansion of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Jajpur district, Odisha Figure 7.2 Risk Contours with pool fire threat zone Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 7.11 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha 7.3 On-Site Emergency Plan An on-site emergency is caused by an accident that takes place in plant itself and the effects are confined to the factory premises involving only the people working in the factory. On-site emergency plan to deal with such eventualities is the responsibility of the occupier and is mandatory. An on-site emergency plan should contain the following key elements: basis of the plan: Hazard analysis accident prevention procedure/measures; accident/emergency response procedure/measures and Recovery procedure. 7.3.1 Elements of Planning The charts and maps should highlight the accident-prone areas of the industry so that in case of an emergency. It provides a basis for taking any action. 7.3.1.1 Emergency Personnel’s Responsibility during Normal Office Hours Site Controller: The Project Head (however called) or his nominated deputy will assume overall responsibility for the plant / storage site and its personnel. His duties will be to: Assess the magnitude of the situation and decide if staff needs to be evacuated from their assembly points to identify safer places; Exercise direct operational control over areas other than those affected; Undertake a continuous review of possible developments and assess in consultation with key personnel as to whether shutting down of the plant or any section of the plant and evacuation of personnel are required; Liaise with senior officials of Police, Fire Bridge, Medical and Factories Inspectorate and provide advice on possible effects on areas outside the factory premises: Look after rehabilitation of affected persons on discontinuation of emergency; Issues authorized statements to news media, and ensure that evidence is preserved for enquiries to be conducted by the statutory authorities Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 7.12 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Fire & Security Officer: The Chief Fire and Security Officer will be responsible for fire fighting. On hearing the fire alarm he shall reach the fire station immediately and advise fire and security staff in the factory of the incident zone and cancel the alarm. He will also announce on Public Address System (PAS) or convey through telephones or messengers or canteens to the Communication Officer, Incident Controller and Site Controller about the incident zone. He will open the gates nearest to the incident and stand by to direct the emergency services. Telephone Operator: On hearing the emergency alarm, he will immediately contact Site Controller and on his advice call the local fire-bridge or mutual-aid scheme members. In case the PAS internal/external telephone system becomes inoperative, he shall inform the Communication Officer through a messenger. In case fire has been detected and the alarm is not in operation, he shall receive information about location from the person who detected the fire and thereafter immediately consult the Incident Controller and make announcement on PAS or telephone telling the staff about location of the incident and to evacuate to their assembly points. He will continue to operate the switch board advising the callers that the staffs is not available and pass all calls connected with the incident to the Communication. Departmental Heads: The Departmental Heads will report to Incident Controller and provide assistance as required. They will decide the staff they require at the incident site. Fire Pump Attendant: Two persons identified in each shift will work as fire pump attendants. On hearing the fire alarm, they will immediately proceed to pump house to ensure that pumps are operating and stand by to maintain them. At the end of emergency, they will be relieved of their duty by the Fire and Security Officers. 7.4 Off-site Emergency Plan An offsite emergency arises only if there is a failure or delay in implementation of an onsite emergency plan or due to a road accident to a vehicle carrying the hazardous waste material outside the activity site. Since the quantity of the material and the hazardous nature of the material transported is not very high the chances of a huge spread of toxic gas or other losses is Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 7.13 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha expected to be very low and is well within the control limits of the driver and the cleaner of the truck carrying the material. Even the estimated loss is low the preparedness and the knowledge to implement the control measures in the event of any accident happening will further minimize the probable losses. Some of the onsite emergencies such as an explosion or a major fire in storage site can also turn as offsite emergency if there is failure of tackling such emergency. S.No Type of Emergency Preventive and Control Measures 1 Spillage of waste during • Check and repair the containers before sending to transport. the generators site. • Train driver and the cleaner to seal the container doors properly before lifting the container on the truck. • Cover with tarpaulin to prevent flying dust. • Fill container up to about 80%. • Ensure the spill kit and PPE is available in the truck for use in case of emergency. • Train driver and cleaner on spill cleanup procedure. 2 Collision with other vehicle, • Use only drivers who have the valid license and pedestrians, trees or objects at trained in hazardous waste transport. the side of the road and injury to • Ensure vehicle is maintained well and certified persons / damage to vehicle due before the vehicle is send out of the gate. to accident. • Ensure valid insurance is available for the vehicle. • Maintain first aid box with content in the vehicle. • Maintain Phone No’s of authorized hospitals, specialist doctors, police station, and the fire station in the vehicle also paint the paint the phone No of the unit on the vehicle. • Inform authorized hospital over phone. • Ensure first aid is given to the injured quickly and is taken to the nearby hospital for necessary treatment. • Report the matter to nearby police station and company authorities. • The one who receive the communication regarding the accident has to immediately inform the site in- charge or his deputy in the absence of site in-charge. • Based on the seriousness the site in-charge will send Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 7.14 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha S.No Type of Emergency Preventive and Control Measures the unit Personnel manager and the site transport in-charge to the accident site without delay. • Take care of the injured and follow up off treatment requirement will be dealt by the unit personnel manager. • The transport in-charge and the personnel manager will deal with the police department for the release of driver and the vehicle. 3 Toppling of truck and • Use only qualified drivers. spillage of waste. • Keep updated vehicle insurance. • Carry the MSDS issued by the waste generator • Barricade the area till the resumption of normalcy. • Contain and lean the spillage using the spill kit. • Report to company official and inform pollution board officials. • Complete rescue work of the truck. 4 Fire on waste material during • Ensure fire extinguishers are available in the truck transport. and in order. • Driver and cleaner are trained in the use of hand fire appliances. • Inform the driver and cleaner MSDS detail of the waste from the comprehensive analysis and the easy identification method before sending them for collection. • Park the vehicle at the side away from busy area. • Avoid inhaling the smoke or gases emanated due to the fire. • Stand on up wind direction. • Use the fire appliance and fight fire. • Barricade the area and stop other • Vehicle movement if fire is un controlled. • Inform nearest fire station and police the exact location where the vehicle is parked and the detail of MSDS of the material on fire. • Maintain the phone numbers including mobile numbers of fire station, police station, waste generator and company emergency team members in the vehicle. • Give cool water bath as first aid to persons if at all there is burn injury and send for further treatment to the nearest hospital. • Inform company officials and the waste generator. Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 7.15 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha S.No Type of Emergency Preventive and Control Measures • One who receives the information has to inform the site in-charge immediately. • Site in-charge to send lab in-charge, site safety officer and lab technician immediately and collect waste samples for further analysis and to gather and record on hand information from the site. Photo graphs of the scene will also help to analyze and to educate others and increase the awareness thus reduce accidents • Collect relevant information from the accident spot for analysis of accident and the safety officer will complete the investigation report and the root cause of the accident. • Inform pollution board if required. • Inform insurers if there is damage. • Preserve the manifest copy issued by the waste generator for further investigation purposes. • Share the detail of accident with the site in- charge and the team of drivers. • Implement preventive measures as per the recommendation given by the enquiry team to prevent such accident in future. 7.5 Infrastructure Emergency Control Room- Emergency Control Room is to be set up and marked on the site plan. The Control Room will be the focal point case of an emergency from where the operations to handle the emergency are directed and coordinated. It will control site activities and should be furnished with external and internal telephone connections, list of essential telephone numbers, list of key persons and their addresses. Assembly Points- Assembly points are to be set up farthest from the location of likely hazardous events where pre-designated persons from the works, contractors and visitors would assemble in case of emergency. Up-to-date list of pre-designated employees of various departments (shift-wise) must be available at these points so that roll call could be taken. Pre- designated persons would take charge of these points and mark presence as the people come into it. Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 7.16 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha 7.6 Operational Systems During Emergency 7.6.1 Communication System There are different types of alarms to differentiate one type of an emergency from other as described below: Fire or Gas Normal Fire Siren Emergency/Evacuation High-pitched wailing Siren Alarms should be followed by an announcement over PAS. In case of failure of alarm system, communication should be by telephone operator who will make announcement in industrial complex through Public Address System which should be installed. If everything fails, a messenger could be used for sending the information. 7.6.2 Warning System & Control The Control centres should be located at an area of the minimum risk or vulnerability in the premises concerned, taking into account the wind direction, areas which might be affected by fire/explosion, toxic releases, etc. For promptness and efficiency, the factory premises/storage sites may be divided into ‘X’ number of zones, which should be clearly marked on the site plan. Emergency Services - Under this, each factory should describe the facilities of fire-fighting, first-aid and rescue. Alternate sources of power supply for operating fire pumps, communication with local bodies, fire brigade, etc. Should also be clearly indicated. An adequate number of external and internal telephone connections should be installed. A plan or plans of the works to illustrate- a. Areas with large inventories of hazardous material. b. Sources of safety equipment. c. Fire-hydrant system and alternate supply sources. d. Stock of other fire-fighting materials. e. Assembly points, first-aid centres. Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 7.17 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha f. Surrounding habitation within 1/ 2 km distance. g. Availability of first-aid equipment. 7.6.3 Mutual Aid It is essential to have mutual aid arrangements as it is useful in cases of major fire and other emergencies. Mutual aid arrangements are to be worked out in the plan to facilitate additional help in say, fire-fighting or medical attention which might be beyond the capacity of an individual factory/unit. To make the mutual aid plan a success, the following are considered essential: Written procedure which spells out how call for help will be made and how it will be responded. The type of equipment which would be used and procedure for making replacement. A quick hot-line method of communication. A brief mention of the type of hazard in each plant and fire-fighting measures. Orientation and joint training program for staff. Joint inspections and drills. 7.7 Disaster Management Plan Emergency prevention through good design, operation, maintenance and inspection are essential to reduce the probability of occurrence and consequential effect of such eventualities. The overall objective of the DMP/Emergency Response Plan (ERP) is to make use of the combined resources at the site and outside services to achieve the following. Localize the emergency on property and people Minimize effects on property and people Effective rescue and medical treatment Evacuation. Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 7.18 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha A disastrous event strikes suddenly, violently and without warning. Identifying the potential hazards ahead of time and advance planning can reduce the dangers of serious injury, loss of life and damage to environment in the event of an incident occurrence. The first response to a disaster is the job of the local government’s emergency services with the help from the nearby municipalities and the volunteer service agencies. In a catastrophic disaster only the govt. can provide the rescue search on the disaster site, resumption of electric power, food, water, medicines, cloths, shelter and other basic human needs. It is the long term recovery phase of disaster which places the most severe financial strain to govt. in-addition to damage to public facilities and infrastructure. It takes longer time to get aid from the govt. for rescue work when there is a natural calamity because of various constraints such as reaching the site, priority of personnel involved, availability of material, equipment and rescue team personnel etc. It is always advisable to develop teams within the organization for taking immediate rescue action if possible. Industry has to prepare a detailed disaster control measures and give information such as the quantity of hazardous material stored, the location of storage, the approximate population living in the vicinity and the detail of the hazardous characteristic of the material to the Employees, District Collector, Police, Fire service department, Director of Factories, State Pollution control Board and the Public living in the vicinity regularly to enable the government to prepare the disaster management plan. Educate employees and the public living in the vicinity the safety measures required to be taken in the event of an accident taking place. What are the types of disasters that can occur in a hazardous waste management site? An earth quake leading to damage of liner and contamination of soil and ground water due to leakage of chemicals, waste material and leachate. Cyclone leading to flood water entering landfill site contamination of ground water and soil. Major explosion of chemicals fire and toxic gas release. Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 7.19 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Contamination of soil and water sources due to leakage of contaminants from the landfill waste or due to leakage of leachate. Release of dangerous gases from the incinerator affecting the public in the vicinity. 7.7.1 Cyclone leading to land fill flood Control measures during planning and operation: During site selection and approval of the site for hazardous waste disposal and should highlight the history / possibility of cyclone / Floods, Tsunami in the particular area. If it falls in any of the above better avoid usage of that site, for hazardous waste handling and storage. Maintain base line data of quality of water and soil at least one year before start of site activities. Check the possibility of breach of an upland water pond / tank or dam which can cause flood before finalizing the location. Design buildings as per national building code to withstand for the maximum wind speed experienced by the region without damage. Cover the site with public liability insurance as per government advice. Check the maximum rainfall in the location and the possibility of rain water entry from outside in to the site. Arrest the outside water entry by raising the ground level or by constructing bund wall / compound wall and providing proper drains along the boundary. Ensure the storm water drainage system is well designed and maintained to drain storm water from the site to outside drains and is sufficient to drain rain or flood water without allowing it to accumulate near landfill. Maintain waste storage and landfill level above the drain level. Ensure the leachate ponds capacity is sufficient and will not over flow due to rain water collection. Get the warning advice from the weather forecasting department regularly. Stop all activities of land fill and cover the land fill with liners regularly to prevent rain water contact with the waste material before the start of rain fall. If possible provide temporary bund wall with sand bags to reduce the damage to landfill bund due to the flowing water. Evacuate the place and move to safe location as per the advice. Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 7.20 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha After the occurrence Check the extent of contamination and damage to ground water source and the soil after the flood and compare data with base data. Inform disaster management authorities and state pollution control board authorities through phone or through messenger if contamination is detected. Inform company authorities over phone. Inform public of the affected area not to use water from the wells or bore wells through mobile public announcement and by using media like radio and TV. Arrange supply of drinking water from outside till the condition is normalized. Continuously test and monitor the soil and ground water sources and advise public the condition regularly. Check the soil contamination level if necessary start remedial action as per the advice of pollution board. Plan for removing the contaminated soil and fill it in a new land fill pit. Assess the damage, prepare and submit estimate of damage and claim insurance. If necessary relocate the affected public to an unaffected site. 7.7.2 Major explosion of chemicals / fire and toxic gas release in landfill or Stores Control measures during planning: Analyze material samples before accepting the materials for disposal. Ensure material samples collected and analyzed before taking the material inside the premises. Explosive materials should not be accepted without treatment and check the incoming materials using an explosive meter. Ensure good covered storage space available for incinerable waste material. Storage is well ventilated to prevent accumulation and concentration of gases below explosive and flammable limit. Install gas detectors and explosive level meters with early warning alarm. Avoid electric fittings in flammable material storages use flame proof materials if felt essential. Compartmentalize storage to limit the stock quantity and risk of fire spread. Locate incinerable waste storages away from heat source and hot furnace areas. Provide communication facility and sufficient number of security personal for 24 hours manual watching. Installation of smoke detection and warning and automatic fire hydrant with foam monitors, automatic sprinklers, Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 7.21 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha mist sprays and CO2 flooding system in incinerable waste storage will help a lot in early detection and automatic fire fighting. Provide separate storage for reactive chemicals. Provide spark proof equipment to handle solvent waste containers. Ensure sufficient gap between storage sheds are maintained as per national building code to prevent fire spread and easy movement of fire vehicles around the storage during an emergency. Wind socks with wind speed indicators are installed in the site to see the wind direction from any location. Lightning arrestors are installed to cover the whole site. Employ only qualified and trained employees to supervise the storage activities. Operation: Ensure public liability insurance cover is in force for the site. Plan for the disposal of Low flash point material immediately on arrival and minimize inventory of low flash point materials and flammable materials. Reactive materials are separated and stored away from the flammable materials store. Display No smoking warning boards around the waste material storages. Do not allow any source of heat or spark in material storage. Ensure static electricity is discharged from material containers by bonding the containers. Maintain sufficient gap between stack for inspection and also for better ventilation. Do not use mechanical handling equipment which produce sparks or static electricity. Use spark proof equipment while handling low flash point and waste containing solvents. Ensure good housekeeping is maintained in and around storage. Maintain record of quantity of material stock and the MSDS of material in each shed for giving required information to disaster management team on arrival at site. Install and maintain sufficient number of appropriate first aid fire appliances and ensure the approach way is not blocked. Train all the employees in first aid, fire-fighting and the procedures to be followed in case of an emergency. Replace leaky containers and clean spillage immediately. Remember inhaling gas generated due to a fire or explosion is dangerous. Use of Self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) is mandatory for all rescue and fire-fighting work in case of an explosion or fire. Check the wind direction and Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 7.22 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha inform everyone to stand on the upwind direction through public address system or through phones. Advice evacuation of people at site and surrounding if found necessary. Try and put off fire with the help of available hand appliances, fire hydrant water using internal trained employees. Bring all available fire-fighting appliances and also get help from nearby industries in control and rescue operations only if they are trained and have the required PPE to carry out the work safely. Phone Numbers of nearby industries: If the fire is found very major leave it to professionals to deal with it. Inform state fire and police department about the disaster through phone or through messenger. Display Phone Numbers: Nearby Fire station, Police station at many locations. Inform company authorities through phone. Phone Numbers: Use SCBA and rescue affected employees to safe location and if necessary give first aid with the help of trained first aider. Remember to wash with cool water in case of burn injury or chemical spills on human body and eye at least for 15 minutes before shifting the victim to hospital. Measure the gas pollution level in the environment and advice concerned. Inform disaster management authorities and state pollution control board authorities through phone or through messenger. Inform nearby hospitals the possible gas that can release from the incident for quick treatment. Call additional ambulance if felt necessary the site controller will direct concerned department to arrange without delay. Provide first aid to the affected victim before moving them to hospitals. Send the victims to hospital with their personal data and their medical history while sending for treatment. Measure the contamination level of air and soil and report to authorities. Initiate remedial measures such as supply of drinking water and measure air contamination level regularly till the condition normalizes. If felt necessary, Inform public living near the affected area to evacuate through public announcement and by using media like radio and TV the direction of escape route and advise them to use wet cloth to cover the nose while moving. Put off fire using the fire hydrant water and foam compound or with the help of fire extinguisher. Use Self Contained Breathing Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 7.23 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Apparatus and Collect gas samples analyze the type of gas emanated and the toxicity level. Inform fire service and police personnel about the potential of the gas emanated due to the reaction promptly. Block the road traffic at least 5 km distance depending on the toxicity of the gas and the wind speed to prevent exposure of more number of public. Provide first aid to burn injuries by pouring cool water before shifting the victim to hospital: Phone Number of Hospitals: Shift the gas affected victims to well-ventilated area and provide breathing oxygen. Transport the affected to the hospitals with the advice of the possible name of gas inhaled by the victim. Check the extent of damage to the liners if any and arrange for immediate repair based on the need. Prepare report of the incident and investigate and find out the root cause of accident. Inform insurers about the incident. Estimate the loss incurred and make the insurance claim and pay for the actual expenses inquired for treatment and compensation for the victim or the family members of the victim. 7.7.3 Contamination of soil and water sources due to leakage of contaminants Control measures: First and the foremost thing is to collect soil and water samples from the site before starting operations and establish the base line data. Cover the site with public liability insurance. Make sure that the preparation of landfill pits done as per the laid out standard. Special care is taken while laying the liners such as visual check for damage of liner material and proper welding of joints to ensure that the leakage of leachate from the liner is absolutely nil also by conducting leak proof tests ultrasonic or X-ray tests. Avoid damage of liners during land fill operation by the use of sharp edged objects such as cutting knives, dropping of crow bars and by moving heavy vehicle on the liners. Contamination of water and soil due to leakage of leachate from the liners / due to over flowing from leachate ponds especially during rainy season spillage while pumping or spillage during handling Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 7.24 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha operation to be avoided. Flooring of material stores should not have cracks and should not allow seepage of material. The floor should be provided with bund wall and collection pit. Periodic checking of soil and water samples and compare data with base line data at least once a month. If any adverse increase in parameters noticed increase the frequency of tests. Prepare comparative analysis data if found more, than the base line data inform the pollution board authorities. After the incident: If the operation is continued the condition is GoIng to be disastrous after some time. Hence it is necessary to initiate corrective measures as per the advice of the pollution control board. Follow the corrective measures mentioned after an earth quake and flood. 7.7.4 Release of toxic gases from incinerator Control measures: Ensure public liability insurance cover is taken for the site. Analyze the combination of waste material that is proposed to be burned and check the possibility of toxic gas generation and get the written report from lab before start feeding the waste material in the incinerator. Install wind socks and wind speed monitor at site visible from all points. Employ qualified and well trained operators to operate the incinerator. Maintain the temperatures of gases at locations as per the incinerator operation instruction. Install instruments to detect and warn operators before the toxicity level reaches higher than the statute limit. Monitor the toxic content levels at the chimney exhaust continuously during the operation. If any changes in parameters of gases noticed during the operation stop feeding the material and inform the lab manager immediately and take corrective measures. Reanalyze the sample and decide the combination of materials before restart. Maintain the record of changes made for future reference. Inform the employees and the public living in the vicinity about the safety measures required to be taken in case of an accidental release. Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 7.25 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha After an incident: Evacuate everyone from the site and the vicinity to safe place. Additional care to be taken while evacuating, sick, old, infants and physically challenged persons. Detect the gas that is generated by analyzing the gas and its toxicity level. Provide first aid to victims by removing them to safe and well-ventilated area. If necessary send the victim for treatment with information of the type of gas victim is exposed to. 7.8 Hazard control measures 7.8.1 Fire To increase the level of safety in proposed project, installation of smoke alarms or automatic fire detection /alarm systems will be proposed at strategic locations as an early warning of fire to the occupants. To prevent fire mishaps and to manage the emergency situation during fire in the proposed project the following activities and precautions are proposed. Emergency evacuation plan is important for all projects, and the same will be prepared as per Fire & Safety rules. Regular mock drills will be carried out to create awareness on procedures to be followed in times of emergency situation/evacuation It will be advised to keep oxygen cylinders, medical kits and masks to prevent smoke inhalation especially for those with respiratory disorders and for those smoke inhalation can be very dangerous. Plant manager will be advised to ensure that the fire-fighting equipment are in good working conditions. The plant will be provided with sufficient fire-fighting gadgets (water, soil, cylinders, etc). Simple steps to be followed during emergency are as follows. Call the fire rescue department: During fire in plant, leave the premises by nearest available exit. Call fire department and do not assume anyone else has called the fire department. If your cloth catches fire, do not get panic or run, stop, drop and roll. Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 7.26 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Cover your nose and mouth with a wet clean cloth: Stay calm cover your nose and mouth with a wet, clean cloth to prevent smoke inhalation injury and choking. Never jump off or attempt to climb down the side of a tall structure as it will mean certain death. Do not run: During a fire, smoke containing poisonous gases such as CO tends to rise up. When you run in a smoke filled room, you tend to inhale the smoke faster. CO dulls the senses and prevents clear thinking, leading to panic. To prevent being asphyxiated, dip tissues or cloth in water and cover your noise with it. Head-count of the occupants: During an emergency, make good use of the evacuation procedure and help each other to reach out of plant/building safely. Ensure nobody is left behind by doing a head-count of occupants. Visitors should read and understand the evacuation plan before GoIng into the plant/building area and ensure their safety. 7.8.2 Natural disasters Disasters occur without notice. Most disasters are natural such as earthquake, floods, hurricanes, sandstorms, landslides, tsunamis and volcanoes. We have no way of stopping them, but we can learn to deal with the difficult situations that arise due to them. During disasters like floods, fire, earth quake, landslides, rescue beings at site. Even before external help arrives, people affected by the disasters help each other. The government and many voluntary organizations send teams of workers trained in rescue operations to disaster-affected areas. These teams join hands with the local community helpers such as doctors, nurses, social workers and policemen. Temporary shelters are built for displaced people. Doctors and nurses provide medical aid. They treat the wounded and work to control epidemics. Social workers collect food and cloth from all over the country for the disaster-affected people. The police maintain law and order. Media – Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 7.27 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha persons help in spreading news about the victims and their conditions. They also post advertisements that urge people to donate for victims. In extreme conditions, the army and Air force organize rescue operations. They clear roads, send medical teams and help to move people to safer places. The air force drops food, water and clothes in the affected areas. Organization like UN helps in providing aid during massive disasters. Individually, people from all over the world also come forward to help during a disaster. They donate blood while many donate money. Some even reach the disaster affected places to give an extra hand in the rescue operation. Families adopt children who have lost their parents and thus give them a new home. Some of the points we can keep in mind when disaster happens If there is a tornado, take shelter in a place without windows. In an earthquake, remember to crouch under some heavy furniture or stand under the doorframe for cover. In case of a fire in the building, leave the building by nearby exit If the site is flooded, then climb up to the roof. Do not use the telephone, except to call for help, so as to leave telephone lines free for the organization of response Listen to the messages broadcast by radio and the various media so as to be informed of development Carry out the official instructions given over the radio or by loudspeaker Keep an emergency kit ready. In all the different types of emergency, it is better to be prepared than to get ready, to get information so as to get organized, to wait rather that act too hastily During floods turn off electricity to reduce the risk of electrocution As soon as flood begins, take vulnerable people (old, children, sick, etc) to upper floor Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 7.28 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Beware of water contamination, wait until the water is declared safe before drinking or boil the water before drinking Clean and disinfect the room that is flooded During storms and hurricanes do not go out in a car or a boat once the storm has been announced If caught outside in a storm, take refuge as quickly as possible in shelter (never under a tree), if there is no shelter, lie down flat in a ditch. In a thunderstorm keep away from doors, windows, and electrical conductors, unplug electrical appliances and aerials. Do not use any electrical appliances or the telephone During earthquake keep calm, do not get panic, People who are indoors should stay there but move to the central part of the building, people who are outside should stay there, keeping away from buildings to avoid collapsing walls and away from electrical cables. Anyone in a vehicle should park it, keeping away from bridges and buildings During spread of clouds of toxic fumes, close doors and windows, seal any cracks or gaps around windows and doors with adhesive tape. Organize a reserve of water (by filling wash basins, baths, etc. Turn off ventilators and air conditioners. 7.8.3 Electrical accidents Electrical hazards can cause burns, shocks, and electrocution which can lead to serious injury and even death. When dealing with potentially serious electrical hazards stop and think! Instead of taking a chance and risking your personal safety, call trained professionals to handle problems. Many times people prefer to take electrical matters into their own hands. Other small aspects of electrical repair in a business setting may be taken care of without needing professional service technicians. If you do decide to take matters into your own hands, safety precautions can avoid injuries and other losses. 7.8.3.1 Prevention of electrical accidents Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 7.29 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Flexible cords connected to appliance should be wired to confirm to the international color code. Color of insulation wire is Brown represents live wire, Blue represents neutral wire and Green/yellow stripes represent earth wire. What you should look for when selecting an electrical appliance are given below a. The appliance should be suitable for operation on local electrical supply of 240 volts AC and frequency of 50 Hz. b. The appliance should preferably be tested and certified by a national or reputed standards testing authority c. Look for certified plugs on the flexible cords connected to the appliances. If the appliance is double insulated and has a 2-pin plug, then it should be fitted with a suitable certified plug. d. An essential formality when buying any appliances is a duly completed guarantee card with the dealers/retailer's official stamp and details of the appliance (serial number, etc.). Safety precautions to be taken when using electrical appliances a. Avoid using handheld appliances when your hand and/or body is wet. b. Do not use or leave appliances where liquid can splash onto them. c. Flexible cords connecting the appliance and the plug should be in good condition, if the cord is frayed, chaffed, cut or melted, have the entire cord replaced by a competent person. d. Check accessories such as plugs attached to appliances for cracks and burnt marks and have them replaced. If undue overheating occurs or burnt marks appear in any electrical appliance, have it checked. Some common causes of electrical accidents in the house Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 7.30 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha a. Faulty wiring: This usually occurs when unauthorized extension or rewiring is done by unqualified persons. Some of the usual faults are the omission of earth wires and the reversing of the live and neutral wires. Without an earth wire, the exposed metal parts of appliances may deliver a lethal shock to the user when a fault develops. b. Improper flexible cords: This can be caused by connecting the flexible cord wrongly to the plug. In the case of appliances which have exposed metallic parts, a 2-core instead of a 3-core flexible cord is used. When the appliance is faulty, the exposed metal parts may become live and a fatal accident could result. c. Faulty appliance: Attempts to repair faults in electrical appliances by people not trained to do so can result in accidental shock. To prevent Electrical accidents, the following points should be kept in mind: All electrical wiring, rewiring or extension work must be carried out by licensed electrical contractors. On completion, the contractors should test before electricity supply is connected. Repair of appliances and replacement of flexible cords should be carried out only by competent persons. To ensure electrical safety in the facility, a current-operated Earth Leakage Circuit Breaker (ELCB) or Residual Current Circuit Breaker (RCCB) set to operate at a very small leakage current is recommended. (This is usually marked 100mA or 0.1A on the label). In case of dangerous electrical leakage to earth, it should automatically cur off the supply of electricity. DO NOT use multi-way adaptors. Over loading can cause fire. One socket outlet is for one appliance only. DO NOT carry out wiring extension, Engage a licensed wiring contractor for the work. DO NOT use a two-way lighting adaptor for any extension. DO NOT connect any electrical appliance to lighting outlets. A lighting outlet does not have an earth wire to prevent danger. Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 7.31 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha ENSURE the switch is in "OFF" position before changing bulbs. DO NOT make joints to lengthen the lead of the electrical appliances. If the lead wire is worn out or too short, replace it with a new wire. DO NOT drive nails carelessly on the wall. There may be concealed wiring. USE individual socket outlet for every electrical appliance. KEEP AWAY from danger areas such as a substation for whatsoever reasons. CHECK before carrying out excavation work to prevent damaging any underground cable. The operator may receive severe electric shock or even be electrocuted. TAKE PRECAUTION when working in the vicinity of overhead lines to avoid any unforeseen incident. DO NOT meddle with any broken overhead wire. Report the matter immediately to the nearest electric office. DO NOT climb any electric pole. You may receive an electric shock or get electrocuted. DO NOT throw anything onto the overhead lines. NEVER attempt to retrieve anything stuck to overhead lines by whatever means. DO NOT climb transmission line towers. No one is safe from its high voltage shock. DO NOT erect any structure close to transmission lines. DO NOT fly kites close to overhead lines. TAKE PRECAUTION when working in the vicinity of overhead lines to avoid any unforeseen incident. NEVER stand on a damp or wet surface when using electrical equipment. USE a portable electrical tool, which is properly earthed. DO NOT tap electrical power without a proper plug. DO NOT use any electrical tool which has a damaged casing, cap, switch, lead or plug. 7.8.3.2 First Aid and Emergency Procedures Burns can cause due acid spillage and leakage of electricity. Curative measures for any issues of burns and First Aid procedures are given below: Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 7.32 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Table 7.7 -First aid for burns Burns Covering Small Area Burns Covering Extensive Area i. Allow cold tap water to run gently over the i. Allow person to lie down. area or immerse in cold water. ii. Cover burned areas with sterile dressing or ii. It may be necessary to cover with gauze or clean cloth and lightly bandage. a clean handkerchief, and bandage. iii. If clothing is adhering, do not disturb; leave the clothing alone. iv. Keep person warm. If person is not nauseated, he may have sips of water. v. Arrange for immediate medical care. Note: Do not user ointments, greases, pastes or powder on burned area. Do not prick the blisters caused by burns. Tetanus Immunization- Protection against tetanus should be considered whenever the skin is broken by injuries 7.9 Full Mock Drill Monitoring The mock drills are to be conducted at regular intervals. For conducting mock drills a committee has to be organized. The committee may invite any other official/expert, if considered necessary. 7.9.1 Steps of Mock Drills The Mock Drills should be carried out step by step as stated below. First Step : Test the effectiveness of communication system Second Step : Test the speed of mobilization of the emergency teams Third Step : Test the effectiveness of search, rescue and treatment of casualties Fourth Step : Test emergency isolation and shut down and remedial measures taken on the system Fifth Step : Conduct a full rehearsal of the actions to be taken during an emergency The Disaster Management Plan should be periodically revised based on experience gained from the Mock Drill. Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 7.33 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha 7.10 Natural Disasters Some of the points we can keep in mind when disaster happens If there is a tornado, take shelter in a place without windows. In an earthquake, remember to crouch under some heavy furniture or stand under the doorframe for cover. In case of a fire in the building, leave the building by nearby exit If the site is flooded, then climb up to the roof. Do not use the telephone, except to call for help, so as to leave telephone lines free for the organization of response Listen to the messages broadcast by radio and the various media so as to be informed of development Carry out the official instructions given over the radio or by loudspeaker Keep emergency kit ready. In all the different types of emergency, it is better to be prepared than to get ready, to get information so as to get organized, to wait rather that act too hastily During floods turn off electricity to reduce the risk of electrocution As soon as flood begins, take vulnerable people (old, children, sick, etc) to upper floor Beware of water contamination, wait until the water is declared safe before drinking or boil the water before drinking. Clean and disinfect the room that is flooded During storms and hurricanes do not go out in a car or a boat once the storm has been announced If caught outside in a storm, take refuge as quickly as possible in shelter (never under a tree), if there is no shelter, lie down flat in a ditch. In a thunderstorm keep away from doors, windows, and electrical conductors, unplug electrical appliances and aerials. Do not use any electrical appliances or the telephone. During earthquake keep calm, do not get panic, People who are indoors should stay there but move to the central part of the building, people who are outside should stay there, keeping away from buildings to avoid collapsing walls and away from electrical cables. Anyone in a vehicle should park it, keeping away from bridges and buildings During spread of clouds of toxic fumes, close doors and windows, seal any cracks or gaps around windows and doors with adhesive tape. Organize a reserve of water (by filling wash basins, baths, etc. Turn off ventilators and air conditioners. Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 7.34 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha 7.11 Occupational Health and Safety Program for the Project Some of the preventive safety measures to be taken to minimize the risk of accident with respect to Technical Safety, Organizational Safety and Personal Safety are listed below: All reasonably practicable measures to minimize the risk of such accident in compliance with the legal obligation under the relevant safety. All building plans and installations to be as per relevant acts and duly approved by competent government authorities. Treatment equipment to be designed by qualified and experienced professionals and fabricated to applicable national / international codes with stage wise inspection. Entire processes to be operated by trained workers and to be looked after by qualified & experienced supervisors. Safety features such as fire extinguishers, fire hydrant system and suitable Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) to be provided. Regular operations and testing of fire extinguishers to be carried out. Use of flameproof electrical and equipment. Bio medical waste to be stored separately to confine any spillage and facilitate easy collection. Periodic inspection and testing equipment, machineries and equipment to be done. Periodic health checkup of the employees as per Factories Act and health cards will be maintained from the starting of the employment and once in six months. Training of workers and Staff to be given for safe waste, firefighting, first aid and integrating safety, in all activities. Good housekeeping in premises to be ensured. Accident / Incident reporting system and information of employees about the same to be done for better awareness. Suitable notices / boards to be displayed at several locations indicating appropriate hazards warning as well as DOs and DON’Ts for ensuring operational and personal Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 7.35 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Safety for information of workers / staff and visitors. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) like goggles, safety shoes, helmet, apron, earplugs, facemask & clothing to be provided to employees as per the job requirements. 7.12 Geo-Hydrological Studies Introduction Odisha Industrial Infrastructure Development Corporation (IDCO) has allocated 70 acres land to Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) for the establishment of CHWTSDF near Kanchichuan in Jajpur district. In allocated 70 acres OWMP proposed to setup an Integrated Common Hazardous Waste Treatment Disposal Facility with recycling facility for treating and disposing the hazardous, industrial and Bio-medical waste generated in Jajpur and other nearby districts throughout Odisha state. In order to evaluate impacts on groundwater & soil in study area due to proposed facility a detailed Geological and Hydrogeological studies were conducted within the proposed sites to evaluate the hydrogeological setting of the study area. The study is mainly oriented towards the topographical conditions, rainfall, existing natural drainage, planning of storm water drains, geological and geomorphological setting in and around the proposed Integrated Common Hazardous Waste TSD Facility project. A 2 Km radius contour map of the proposed site has been given in Figure 7.3. Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 7.36 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Figure 7.3 2 km radius contour map of proposed project site Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 7.37 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Figure 7.4 Natural drainage network map up to 5 Km radius of proposed project site Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 7.38 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Geomorphology The proposed site is more or less a plane area, gently sloping towards northwest it is elongated in north-south direction. At a distance of few hundred meters from the southern boundary of the site, location is marked with prominent hills. Similarly at a few kilometers away from northern boundary is marked with highly elevated mountains. The average elevation of the proposed site is about 76 m above mean sea level (MSL). No rocky out crops were observed at the site. The southernmost part of the study area is covered with elevated mounds representing structural Hills. They are made up of Quartzite formations showing the trend of NE-SW with 70° of dip amount dipping towards SE. Pediment is hill-sorted sediments comprise rock fragments Sand and Clay formed along the foot hills this occurs as a narrow band. The zone is having dotted out crops of Quartzite formation. The surface soil is very thin. This zone is extended to a limited distance towards the down slops of the structural hills. This unit is occupied in the eastern and central part of the study area characterized by narrow zone of weathered laterite, with a feeble surface drainage network. The Pediplane Moderately Weathered (PPM) unit is occupied most of the western and northern parts of the study area. It is characterized by comparatively more thickness of weathered laterite than the Pediplane Shallow Weathered (PPS) unit. Moderate density of surface drainage network is present within this. Detailed geomorphological map of 3.5 km radius around existing TSDF site is given in Figure 7.5. Geology The study area is consisting of two prominent geological units namely the Metamorphosed Quartzite and Laterite formations. These quartzites are not exposed in the plane lands. They may be present at deeper levels. The plane lands are covered with laterite formations. The laterites are ferruginous laterites as deciphered at the site. The study area is a plane country covered with laterite soil on the top followed by fissured/weathered/hard & massive laterite formation. The thickness of soil is not uniform. It will be ranging from 1 to 2m in the total site area. Surface geological map within 3.5 km radius existing TSDF site is given in Figure 7.6 Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 7.39 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Figure 7.5 Geomorphological map of 3.5 km radius around proposed project site Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 7.40 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Figure 7.6 Surface Geology map of 3.5 km radius around proposed project site Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 7.41 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Groundwater Classification Based on the exploitation of groundwater from the existing aquifers within the site and its surrounding areas, the area is classified into safe category as per the CGWA norms. Over all the present level of groundwater development is only 43.09% in the district with the maximum of 64.9% in Rasulpur block and minimum of 27.48% in Sukinda block. Our study area falling under Sukinda block details of resources potential of Sukinda block is presented in Table 7.8. Table 7.8 Sukinda block groundwater resources potential of Jajpur District Sukinda Block Groundwater Resources Potential of Jajpur District, As on March 2009 S.no Item Total in ham 1 Net Annual Groundwater Availability 4352 2 Existing Gross Groundwater Draft for Irrigation 856 3 Existing Gross Groundwater Draft for Domestic & 340 Industrial Water Supply 4 Existing Gross groundwater Draft for All Uses 1196 5 Net Groundwater Availability for Future Groundwater 3028 Development Existing Stage of Groundwater Development 27.48% (Safe category) Hydrogeology Ground water occurs under semi-confined nature of fissured and weathered laterite formations within the study area. It has been extracted through dug wells made within the zone of laterite. During the systematic well inventory conducted in the investigated area, the details are depth to water table, total depth of the wells, post monsoon water levels and ground water quality has been collected from 10 dug wells representing the total study area. All the wells inventoried are having moderate depths. The total depth of the wells is ranging between 6 to 10 mbgl. All these wells are constructed Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 7.42 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha within the zone of laterite. The present water levels have been observed from the 10 representative dug wells. The observed depth to water levels is between 6 to 10m bgl. Out of the 10 wells, well nos. 3, 4, 7 and 9 are getting dried during peak summer. Post monsoon water levels have been enquired from the well owners. The collected information of systematic well inventory has been tabulated in Table 7.9. The location of these wells is given in Figure 7.4. Natural Drainage Regionally drainage network of an area is principally governed by the topography of the land, whether a particular region is dominated by hard or soft rocks, and the gradient of the land. Since the study area is located on upland area with respect to its surrounding environ, the proposed site is acting as water divide. First order streams originating at this location and forming the most common form of drainage system called dendritic system. All the existing drains are moving to the down streams and connecting to the nearest surface streams. There are no major surface tanks and rivers within 2km radius from site boundary. Most of them are minor tanks connected with the nearest surface streams as catchment. As per drainage map there is no seasonal streams flowing from site to nearest surface water tank. The detailed map of natural drainage system occurring 5 km study of proposed site is presented in Figure 7.7. Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 7.43 Expansion of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Jajpur district, Odisha Table 7.9 Details of wells inventoried within 3.5 km radius around proposed project Site S.no Location DTWL TD WLPMs FWC Geology Remarks (mbgl) (mbgl) (mbgl) (mbgl) 1 Kanchichua 4 8 6 2 Weathered --- Laterite 2 Bhaluki 7 10 8 1 Weathered --- Laterite 3 Mangalpur 6 15 9 3 Weathered Dry in Laterite Summer 4 Kendudhipi 4 9 6 2 Weathered Dry in Laterite Summer 5 Madhuban 5 9 8 3 Weathered --- Laterite 6 Sukinda 3 9 7 4 Weathered --- Laterite 7 Bisbanathpur 6 15 10 4 Weathered Dry in Laterite Summer 8 Raghunathapur 3 9 6 3 Weathered --- Laterite 9 Telibahati 4 12 9 5 Weathered Dry in Laterite Summer 10 Harirhabahali 3 10 8 5 Weathered --- Laterite DTWL: Depth to Water Level, TD: Total Depth, WLPM: Water Level Pre Monsoon, FWC: Fall of Water Column. Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 7.44 Expansion of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Jajpur district, Odisha Figure 7.7 Location Map of Wells Inventoried within 3.5 km radius around proposed Site Monitoring Wells There are five monitoring wells are installed in existing TSDF site to permit water level measurement and sampling of groundwater and leachate. All the wells are installed based on detailed hydrogeological survey. The wells are drilled with depth of 50 m they are typically constructed of 145 mm diameter threaded polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastic pipe with manufactured well screens. The water samples of all the monitoring wells are analyzed at regular intervals, and their individual analytical results are used to identify natural variations in water quality. List of different parameters analyzing is given in below Table 7.10. Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 7.45 Expansion of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Jajpur district, Odisha Table 7.10 Parameters analyzed in Monitoring Wells Parameters Physical Chemical Metals and Heavy Organics Total Pesticides Metals Color Chlorides (as Cl) Lead (as Pb) Total Organic Polychlorinated Compounds (TOC) Biphenyls (PCBs) Odor Nitrate (as NO3) Cadmium (as Cd) Chemical Oxygen Organochlorine Demand (COD) Pesticides pH Sulphates (as SO4) Copper (as Cu) Total Kjeldhal Polynuclear Aromatic Nitrogen (TKN) Hydrocarbon (PAH) Electrical Conductivity Fluoride (as F) Zinc (as Zn) (EC) Turbidity Total Alakalinity (as Chromium (as Cr) CaCo3) Total Solids Total Hardness (as Nickel (as Ni) CaCo3) Total Suspended Cyanide(CN) Iron (as Fe) Solids Total Dissolved Solids Mercury (as Hg) (TDS) 7.13 Public Hearing As per the provision of the Environment Impact Assessment Notification No. S.O. 1533 dated 14.9.06 and as revised in December 2009 and Office Memorandum No. J-11015/387/2008-I- A.11(m) dated, 28th September, 2011 of the Ministry of Environment and Forest, Government of India, New Delhi, an application for the project “Proposed expansion of Odisha Waste Management Project (Division of Ramky Enviro Engineers Ltd) at Plot No. 420/648/1 Under Khata no. 61, Village – Kanchichuan, Tehsil –Sukinda, District – Jajpur, Odisha by M/s Ramky Enviro Engineers Ltd’ has been submitted before the Expert Appraisal Committee, New Delhi, as formed by the Ministry of Environment and Forest, Government of India, New Delhi. A condition for a public hearing on the issued Terms of Reference Letter F.No 10-10/2009-IA-III Dated 12.09.2017 to the said project has been set forth by the commission for the existing TSDF with a current capacity of 75,000 TPA, the proposed capacity of secured landfill 82 TPD and 411 TPD for stabilization, 27 TPD for incineration which will be common for both hazardous & bio medical wastes, 12.5 TPD for biomedical waste, 55 TPD for\alternative fuel and raw material, 82 TPD for e-waste management, 54 KLD for used oil recycling, 27 KLD for spent solvent recycling, 65 TPD for lead recycling, 10 TPD for each paper & plastic recycling facilities. Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 7.46 Expansion of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Jajpur district, Odisha In compatibility of values, a public hearing was conducted on 22.03.2018 at around 11:30 A.M. at Plot no. 420/648/1 under khata no. 61, Kanchichuan Village, Palamandap, Sukinda Tehsil, Jajpur District, Odisha. As per the provision of the notification, a public notification in this regard has been published in the locally distributed newspapers ‘Sambad’ and in ‘The New Indian Express’ on 20.02.2018. The public hearing was held under Abdul Alim Khan, IAS, Additional District Magistrate, Kalinga Nagar, who represented the Collector, Jajpur and Dr. Anup Kumar Mallick, Regional officer, Kalinga Nagar, a representative of State Pollution Control Board, Bhubaneswar. However, due to unexpected circumstances and observations made during the public hearing, it was recommended by the panel to re-conduct the public hearing by confirming suitable time and venue, other than the venue where the PH was conducted. As per the recommendation by the panel, the repeat public hearing was conducted, on 06.11.2018 at around 10:00 A.M. at Sukinda Bhawan, Sukinda Tehsil, Jajpur District, Odisha, for which public notification as per the provision of the notification has been published in the locally distributed newspapers ‘Sambad’ and in ‘The New Indian Express’ on 04.10.2018. Besides, that pamphlets were spread in all the nearby wards as well as for the promotion of the public hearing, announcements were also made through banners and loudspeaker installed on a mobile vehicle. The public hearing was held under Sri Santosh Kumar Mishra, Additional District Megistrate, Kalinga Nagar, who represented the Collector, Jajpur and Sri Pramod Kumar Behera, Regional officer, Kalinga Nagar, a representative of State Pollution Control Board, Bhubaneswar. On behalf of the project, the technical advisor Dr. B. Chakradhar and Shri Sanjeev Kumar were present as representatives/environment advisors of the project from Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited. The people of almost all the nearby wards were present at the public hearing and the description of the same is as per the attached attendance roll. Public hearing minutes (signed copy) and photographs are attached as Annexure-4 and the suggestions/complaints raised during public hearing and replies along with action plans are given in Annexure-5. Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 7.47 CHAPTER 8 PROJECT BENEFITS EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Chapter 8 Project Benefits 8.1 Introduction The Hazardous Waste (Management & Handling) Rules, 1989 and its subsequent amendments prevent the industries from dumping their solid wastes indiscriminately. At the same time they permit the industries to dispose of their wastes in safe & secured manner. It has been made mandatory by the government to dispose of hazardous waste in systematic and scientific disposal way and pollution control boards have been asked to ensure it. For systematic & scientific disposal of solid wastes, a facility has to be developed where care is to be taken to avoid any negative effects on the environment. Similar is the case with bio-medical waste and e-waste. 8.2 Benefits of hazardous waste management The main benefits of the proposed project are The proposed project facilitates better management of the industrial hazardous wastes. It will be the showcase for other districts / states for management of hazardous waste with additional benefit of green and clean environment It minimizes the pollution load on environment from industrial hazardous waste Compliance with prescribed regulatory norms which in turn avert the risk of closure on account of violation of rules It reduces the number of hazardous waste dump sites in the area and also eliminates the pollution potential Possibility for recovery of material can be researched at common site The management of wastes is relatively easier & economically viable at common facility Cost of environmental monitoring is less at common facility In absence of expertise or availability of less expertise this route is confirmed to be most viable and workable Reduced environmental liability due to captive storage of hazardous waste in the premises of industries M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 8.1 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Better occupational health and safety at individual industry level Prevention of natural resource contamination thereby improving overall environmental status of the region Competitive advantage in international markets vis-à-vis grading of the products on environmental consideration 8.3 Benefits of e waste recycling Electronic products are made from valuable resources and highly engineered materials, including metals, plastics and glass, all of which require energy to mine and manufacture them. Reusing and recycling consumer electronics conserves our natural resources and avoids air and water pollution, as well as greenhouse gas emissions that are caused by manufacturing virgin materials. Recycling of e waste helps protect the environment in a number of ways. Electronic and electrical items are made from valuable resources such as precious metals, copper, and plastics all of which require energy to mine and process. Recovering these materials by recycling avoids the need to mine and process new materials, which in turn, conserves our natural resources, and avoids air and water pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. Recovering metals from used e-waste will reduce extraction of raw metals from the earth. 8.3.1 Materials recovered from e waste Almost all of the materials used to manufacture electronic equipment can be recovered to make new products. Metals, plastics, and rechargeable batteries from recycled electronic equipment are turned into new materials and products. Electronic equipment contain a number of different metals – gold, silver, platinum, palladium, copper, tin, and zinc – that are recovered in the recycling process. The recovered metals are then used by a number of different industries such as jewelry, plating, electronics, automotive, and art foundries. The plastics recovered from the electronic equipment are recycled into plastic components for new electronic devices or other plastic products such as garden furniture, license plate frames, non-food containers, and replacement automotive parts. When the rechargeable battery can no longer be reused, the battery can be recycled into other rechargeable battery products. M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 8.2 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha 8.4 Benefits from bio medical waste treatment facility Inappropriate treatment and disposal of bio-medical waste contributes to environmental pollution, uncontrolled burning / incineration causes air pollution, dumping in nallas, tanks and along the riverbed causes water pollution and unscientific land filling cause soil pollution. The proper bio-medical waste management will help to control nosocomial diseases (hospital acquired infections), reduce HIV/AIDS, sepsis, and hepatitis transmission from dirty needles and other improperly cleaned / disposed medical items, control zones (diseases passed to humans through insects, birds, rats and other animals), prevent illegal repacking and resale of contaminated needles, cut cycles of infection and avoid negative long-term health effects like cancer, from the environmental release of toxic substances such dioxin, mercury and others. 8.5 Benefits of landfill Landfills minimize the natural impact of solid waste on the environment by the following mechanics: Isolation of inert waste through containment Elimination of polluting pathways 8.6 Benefits from recycling facilities Recycling is the process of making or manufacturing new products from a product that has originally served its purpose. If these used products are disposed off in an appropriate, environmentally friendly way, the process of recycling has been set in motion. In the proposed project the following recycling facilities are proposed. Lead Recycling Used Oil Recycling Spent Solvents Recycling Some of the benefits from the above activities are as follows 8.6.1 Lead recycling Lead is a mineral that has been in use for at least 5000 years. Current statistics reveal Current statistics reveal approximately 88 % of the batteries were Starting, Lighting & Ignition (SLI) M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 8.3 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha automotive batteries with a lifespan of about 4 years accompanied by 8% of motive power type with a lifespan of 6 years. Further, 4 percent were a stationary type with a lifespan of 10 years. Widely researched facts conclude that 97 percent of the lead recycled was from lead acid batteries. Until couple of years ago, the lead recycled as a percentage of apparent lead supply, was estimated at 63% with a recycling efficiency of 95%. The rest was from other metal sources including castings, sheet, solders and miscellaneous fabrications. The main benefits are as follows. 1. Recycled lead is cheaper to produce than virgin lead. Recycled lead takes less than 25% of the energy required to produce lead from ore extraction. 2. Recycling of lead has a smaller carbon footprint than mining, conserves ore reserves, and reduces the amount of waste associated with primary extraction 3. A high recycling rate means that there is less opportunity for lead to end up in the waste stream where it requires would pose a health risk to people. 4. In recent decades, the amount of lead from batteries ending up in landfills has dramatically decreased, and as a result, overall flow of lead to landfills has dropped markedly. 5. By keeping lead out of landfills, recycling helps conserve landfills, and reduce the need for investment in controls to eliminate airborne particulate from incineration. 8.6.2 Used oil recycling Many people who are unfamiliar with the importance of recycling used oil are unconsciously harming the environment by throwing it away with their normal garbage or emptying their used oil into storm drains. Such actions, especially emptying used oil into storm drains, can cause real harm to the environment. To put it into perspective, just one gallon of used oil can contaminate 1 million gallons of water. Recycling used motor oil keeps it out of our rivers, lakes, streams and even the ground water. In many cases, that means keeping it out of our drinking water, off our beaches, and away from wildlife. We all share the responsibility of protecting our environment and keeping our waters safe. Recycling used oil allows us to continue to enjoy what many of us take for granted every day – clean water. To recycle used oil, processors and refiners remove water, insoluble, dirt, heavy metals, nitrogen, chlorine, and oxygenated compounds from oil drained from automobiles or other machines. The M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 8.4 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha resulting product called “refined” oil must meet the same stringent refining, compounding, and performance standards as virgin oil for use in automotive, heavy duty diesel, and other internal combustion engines, and hydraulic fluids and gear oils. Extensive laboratory testing and field studies conclude that refined oil is equivalent to virgin oil it passes all prescribed tests and, in some situations, even outperforms virgin oil. The same consumers and businesses that use regular oil also can use refined oil, since refining simply reconditions used oil into new, high-quality lubricating oil. Any vehicle maintenance facilities, automobile owners, and other machinery maintenance operations that use oil also can use refined oil. In some cases, fleet maintenance facilities that use large volumes of oil arrange to reuse the same oil that they send to be refined—a true closed recycling loop. The main benefits of Recycling Oil are given below. Recycling used oil keeps it from polluting soil and water. Motor oil does not wear out—it just gets dirty—so recycling it saves a valuable resource. Less energy is required to produce a gallon of redefined base stock than a base stock from crude oil. 8.6.3 Spent solvent recycling Waste solvent recycling means reducing the amount of local, state and central toxic release inventory. Recycling waste solvents keeps excess contaminants from entering water systems and damaging the environment. Recovering solvents reduces emissions and cuts down raw material costs. Some of the benefits due to spend solvents recycling are as follows. Recycling solvents reduces the environmental impact by reducing the volume of solvents destined for disposal at incineration facilities. Reduces the amount of hazardous waste generation Reduces the amount of virgin solvents manufacturing Where waste is suitable for fuel blending a more cost effective solution will be provided. 8.6.4 Benefits of alternate fuel raw material facility Low calorific value, non-hazardous waste, Inorganic materials can be used as a blender Homogeneity of the mixers parameter is vital for the end user M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 8.5 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha The Cement Industry can play an important role in the urgent global need for destruction of hazardous wastes like Polychlorinated bi phenyls (PCB), Persistent Organic Pollutant (POP), and ensuring the Destruction and Removal Efficiency (DRE) of 99.9999 %. Investigation proved cement kiln had the Lowest Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzo furans (PCDD/DFs) emission reduced to the extent of 99.3% using Hazardous Wastes. Methane is a particularly potent Green House Gases (GHG), and is currently considered to have a Global Warming Potential (GWP) 25 times that of CO2. Reduction of about 1.6 kilograms (kg) of CO2 per kg of utilized Refuse Derived Fuel. A holistic approach to waste management has positive consequences of GHG emissions. Co processing proved a viable method to dispose the HW. The surrounding industrial belts located in and around Jajpur district through Odisha state will be benefitted from the proposed site. 8.6.5 Waste plastic recycling Recycling plastic conserves the natural resources and energy that would be required to produce plastic from scratch. When plastic is recycled, less plastic is sent to landfill and thus, less of this material takes up room in our environment for hundreds of years. In fact, recycling one ton of plastic can save 7.4 cubic yards of landfill space. Plastics are becoming increasingly easy to recycle. Besides the invention of new plastic recycling technology, governments all over the world have plastic collection schemes in place 8.6.6 Waste paper recycling Reduces logging for fiber Conserves energy: Conserves water: Reduces air and water pollution: Reduces greenhouse gas emissions M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 8.6 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha 8.7 Improvements in the physical infrastructure The proposed project is expected to yield a positive impact on the socio economic environment. It helps sustain the development of this area including further development of physical infrastructural facilities. The following physical infrastructure facilities will improve due to proposed project. Road transport facilities Housing facilities Water supply and sanitation Power 8.8 Improvements in the social infrastructure Agriculture & plantation are one of the basic sectors of employment for the local people in this area. The project will lead to indirect and direct employment opportunity. Employment is expected during construction and operation period, waste lifting and other ancillary services. Employment in these sectors will be temporary or contractual and involvement of unskilled labor will be more. A major part of this labor force will be mainly from local villagers who are expected to engage themselves both in agriculture and project activities. This will enhance their income and lead to overall economic growth of the area. The following changes in socio-economic status are expected to take place with this project. The project is going to have positive impact on consumption behavior by way of raising average consumption and income through multiplier effect. The project is going to bring about changes in the pattern of demand from food to nonfood items and sufficient income is generated. Due to the corporate social responsible activities by project authorities, the socio economic condition of the people will be improved. People perceive that the project will in the long run help in the development of social infrastructures/such as. 1. Education facilities 2. Banking facilities 3. Post offices and communication facilities 4. Medical facilities 5. Plantation and parks M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 8.7 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha 6. Community facilities Industrial development and consequent economic development should lead to improvement of environment through better living and greater social awareness. On the other hand, the proposed project is likely to have several benefits like improvement in indirect employment generation and economic growth of the area, by way of improved infrastructure facilities and better socio- economic conditions. Better hygienic conditions, as solid waste being dumped at several places will be brought to one place for further treatment and scientific disposal. 8.9 Employment potential The main advantage of the proposed project is direct employment generation (i) absorbs rural labor and unskilled workers (in addition to semi-skilled and some skilled) (ii) provides opportunity for seasonal employment thereby supplementing workers income from farming; and (iii) permits participation of women workers both during construction and operation phase. The maximum benefit will be for local villagers as they are easily accessible. Additionally it is estimated that good number of jobs will be created as an indirect employment opportunities at local/regional level due to contractual, marketing and associated jobs directly with the project. The other related employment due to transportation requirement, supply of essential items and services to the project site and other community services will be plenty. Employment in these sectors will be permanent based on own initiatives and interest of the individual. Involvement of unskilled labor requirement will be continuous basis depending on the requirement of contractor at site. A major part of this labor force will be hired from nearby places. 8.10 Other tangible benefits Additional housing demand for rental accommodation will increase Cultural, recreation and aesthetic facilities will also improve. Improvement in communication, transport, education, community development and medical facilities. Overall change in employment and income opportunity. The State Government will also benefit directly from the proposed project, through increased revenue from royalties, excise duty, etc. M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 8.8 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha 8.11 SWOT Analysis SWOT Analysis is a useful technique for understanding your Strengths and Weaknesses, and for identifying both the Opportunities open to you and the Threats you face. What makes SWOT particularly powerful is that, with a little thought, it can help you uncover opportunities that you are well placed to exploit. And by understanding the weaknesses of your business, you can manage and eliminate threats that would otherwise catch you unawares. More than this, by looking at yourself and your competitors using the SWOT framework, you can start to craft a strategy that helps you distinguish yourself from your competitors, so that you can compete successfully in your market. It views all positive and negative factors inside and outside the firm that affect the success. A consistent study of the environment in which the firm operates helps in forecasting/predicting the changing trends and also helps in including them in the decision-making process of the organization. Many cities are facing the problem of overburdened landfill because of limited land availability and open dumping sites equipped no sanitary system, such as soil cover, leachate collection and treatment system polluting the environment through CH4 emission and leachate intrusion into ground and surface water. As India is a developing country still struggling to decide the best option to treat and dispose of waste, and financial constraints. India still facing low waste management literacy of the people, lack of cooperation between the public and private sector and limited availability of the trained and skilled personnel in the waste management sector are obstacles to improving waste management sector. M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 8.9 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Figure 8.1 SWOT analysis It was found that community support on waste management work was not entirely satisfactory. It appears that the socio-economic status of a city is positively correlated with the technical competence of the waste administrators and may determine attitudes of the inhabitant such as the ability/willingness to recycle solid waste and knowledge on how or where to recycle. The other approaching method that can be implemented was SWOT analysis. SWOT is an acronym for strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. A SWOT analysis is a technique commonly used to assist in identifying strategic direction for an organization or practice. The strengths and weaknesses of a system are determined by internal elements, whereas external forces dictate opportunities and threats. Strengths can be defined as any available resource that can be used to improve its performance. Weaknesses are flaws/shortcomings of any system that may cause to lose a competitive advantage, efficiency or financial resources. In Integrated hazardous waste management SWOT analysis was performed to formulate strategic action plans for municipality solid waste management in order to mobilize and utilize the solid waste solid management resources and inhabitant awareness on the one hand and municipal corporation’s resources on the other. It has allowed the introduction of a participatory approach for better collaboration between the community and Municipal Corporation. With the SWOT analysis, efforts were made to explore the ways and means of converting the possible ’threats’ into ‘opportunities’ and changing the ‘weaknesses’ into ‘strengths’ regarding to implementation the integrated hazardous waste management programs in the future. M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 8.10 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha 8.11.1 Materials and methods This study was carried out the first time with the preliminary exploratory investigation of solid waste management, and data collection before it was detailed and followed by a focused analysis using the SWOT method. For completing this methodology, three stages were implemented including desk analysis and field survey. The stages included: Stage 1 The field survey was conducted from landfills and interviews with residents of the area surrounding landfill site to evaluate the influence of the landfill on the people and with residents of four different resettlements: the upper-class, middle-class, lower-class and rural resettlement areas to evaluate resident perceptions of solid waste management and willingness to participate in system. Stage 2 The external and internal data of the solid waste management, the landfill site and the inhabitant perception was determined to support the decision with the SWOT analysis. The internal analysis was a comprehensive evaluation of the ‘internal environments’, i.e., strengths and weaknesses, while the external analysis included the opportunities and threats that might arise when changes occur in the external environments during the implementation of the solid waste management program. 8.11.2 Landfill site condition The factors investigated as the STRENGHTS of the proposed project are More than 200 people work at different capacities in the proposed project Closed landfill site has no effect on the environment that can be used as a public facility The waste that dumped on various sites in un scientific method will decrease The factors investigated as the WEAKNESS of the proposed project are There will be insufficient treatment of leachate in the landfill area There will be insufficient support of equipment such as bulldozers, excavators and other facilities in the starting stage Chances of accidental leakage of leachate onto ground or water aquifer M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 8.11 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Chances of industrial accidents due to unforeseen situations The factors investigated as the OPPORTUNITIES of the proposed project are Some part of the waste will be re - usable; recyclables can be used for other activities. Some technologies can be implemented in the waste treatment, for generation of power, complicated waste can be sent to incinerator/landfill. The factors investigated as the THREATS of the landfill are Leachate pollution to the environment Influence of dumping in the site area can be resulted in the odor diffusion The land cannot be used for any other activity except for developing playground, parks, etc. 8.11.3 Strategies derived from the SWOT profile of the landfill Proposing the technology to recover reusable, recyclable material from wastes. Proposing power generation from plastic, paper waste considering the approval from the local community in the surrounding area. Authority of project can coordinate with local persons to educate them for employment opportunities. Maintain the project site more properly to prevent the effect to the surrounding area and environment with using the sufficient equipment and facilities, and the technology such as daily cover and insect prevention. Constructing the properly leachate treatment facility to prevent the bad effect the leachate to the environment. 8.12 Conclusion In this study, SWOT analysis was determine the strategic that contain with building on strengths, minimizing weaknesses, exploring opportunities and counteracting threats. Strategies have been identified and formulated from the SWOT matrix in relation to increasing government role, participation of the inhabitant and landfill conditions for the hazardous waste management. The strategies that resulted from this analysis were focused on the inhabitant participation and environment consideration. For purposeful of the inhabitant participation, strategies that arise was connected with the: educating the inhabitant, increasing the role of student and young people to M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 8.12 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha involve in the system, increasing the awareness, increasing the effort to recycle and encourage the habitant to use the recycle material. All the strategies cannot be conducted by the community or by the government separately. It must be some collaboration and continuous effort from the community and government to maintain the solid waste management system. The role of the community group and NGO could be increased, and the pilot project for managing the waste could be supported by the government. The strategies for the environment consideration were focused in managing the landfill site more properly. The strategies were concern to prevent the bad effects to the environment and the influence of the landfill site operation to the inhabitant at the surrounding area. The strategies was encourage the landfill authority to changes the landfill operation system from the open dumping system to the sanitary system and implementing technology to maintain the waste that enter the landfill site. The analysis result showed that SWOT analysis was the one of approaching system that could be used as the tools for maintain the hazardous waste management system in with the strategies that use the inhabitant participation and environment as the considering factors for approaching. M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 8.13 CHAPTER 9 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGMENT PLAN EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Chapter 9 Environmental Management Plan 9.1 Introduction Preparation of environmental management plan is required for formulation, implementation and monitoring of environmental protection measures during and after commissioning of projects. The plan indicates the details of various measures which have been proposed and to be followed including cost components. Cost of measures for environmental safeguard should be treated as an integral component of the project cost and environmental aspects should be taken into account at various stages of the project. Conceptualization: preliminary environmental assessment Planning: detailed studies of environmental impacts and design of safeguards Execution: implementation of environmental safety measures Operation: monitoring of effectiveness of built-in safeguards 9.2 Environmental Management during Construction The impacts during the construction phase on the environment would be basically of temporary in nature and are expected to reduce gradually on completion of the construction activities. 9.2.1 Air Quality Mitigation Measure For the proposed project site leveling and grading will be carried out if required, where ever possible to maintain the natural elevations they will not be disturbed, only leveling activity will be carried out for providing roads, sewage network, storm water system, and places required for construction of sheds and administrative buildings. According to the engineering assessment, most of the excavated mud generated during construction activities will be reused within the project site for leveling during road formation, bunds M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 9.1 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha construction around the land fill site, etc. The excess if any will be given to local contractors for disposal in low lying areas, road construction use, etc. During construction period most of the dust will be generated from the movement of construction vehicles on unpaved roads. Unloading and removal of soil material shall also act as a potential source for dust nuisance. The control measures proposed to be taken up are given below. 1. Water sprinkling on main haul roads in the project area will be done, this activity will be carried out at least twice a day, if need arises frequency will be increased on windy days, in this way around 50% reduction on the dust contribution from the exposed surface will be achieved 2. The duration of stockpiling of excavated mud will be as short as possible as most of the material will be used as backfill material for the open cut trenches for road development. 3. Temporary tin sheets of sufficient height (3m) will be erected around the site of dust generation or all around the project site as barrier for dust control. 4. Tree plantations around the project boundary will be initiated at the early stages by plantation of 2 to 3 years old saplings using drip irrigation or by regular watering so that the area will be moist for most part of the day. 5. All vehicles carrying raw materials will be instructed to cover with tarpaulin / plastic sheet, unloading and loading activity will be stopped during windy period. 6. To reduce the dust movement from civil construction site to the neighborhood the external part of the construction activity will be covered by plastic sheets. 9.2.2 Water Quality Mitigation Measure During site development necessary precautions will be taken, so that the runoff water from the site gets collected to working pit and if any over flow is, will be diverted to nearby greenbelt / plantation area. During construction activity all the equipment’s washed water will be diverted to working pit to arrest the suspended solids if any and the settled water will be reused for construction purposes, and for sprinkling on roads to control the dust emission, etc. M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 9.2 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha The domestic wastewater generated from temporary toilets used by the work force will be diverted to septic tank followed by soak pit. Therefore, impact on water quality due to proposed unit would be insignificant. 9.2.3 Noise Mitigation Measures Noise generating equipment will be used during day time for brief period of its requirement. Proper enclosures will be used for reduction in noise levels, where ever possible the noise generating equipment will be kept away from the human habituation. Temporary tin sheets of sufficient height (3m) will be erected around the noise generating activity or all around the project site as barrier for minimizing the noise travel to surrounding areas. Therefore, impact on noise environment due to proposed project would be insignificant. All vehicles entering into the project will be informed to maintain speed limits, and not blow horns unless it is required. Personal protective equipment like earmuffs, helmets covering ears would be provided to the workers working near noise generating equipment and would see that workers use the protective gadgets regularly. 9.2.4 Solid Waste Mitigation Measures The solid waste generated during construction period being predominantly inert in nature, construction and demolition waste does not create chemical or biochemical pollution. However maximum effort would be made to reuse and recycle them. The most of the solid waste material will be used for filing/ leveling of low-laying areas, as road construction material, if any excess given to local contractors for lifting and dumping in low lying areas. All attempts would be made to stick to the following measures. 1. All construction waste shall be stored within the site itself. A proper screen will be provided so that the waste does not get scattered. 2. Attempts will be made to keep the waste segregated into different heaps as far as possible so that their further gradation and reuse is facilitated. 3. Materials, which can be reused for purpose of construction, leveling, making roads/ pavement will also be kept in separate heaps from those which are to be sold or land filled M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 9.3 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha The use of the construction material basically depends on their separation and conditions of the separated material. A majority of these materials are durable and therefore, have a high potential for reuse. It would, however, be desirable to have quality standards for the recycled materials. Construction waste can be used in the following manner. Reuse of bricks, tiles, stone slabs, timber, piping railings etc. to the extent possible and depending upon their conditions. Sale/ auction of materials which cannot be used at the site due to design constraint Plastics, broken glass, scrap metal, used cement bags, etc., can be sent for recycling in the industries Rubble/ brick bats can be used for building activity, such as leveling, under coat of lanes where the traffic does not constitute heavy moving loads. Larger unusable pieces can be sent for filing up low laying areas. Fine material such as sand, dust, etc., can be used as cover material The unearthed soil can be used for leveling as well as for lawn development The broken pieces of the flooring material can be used for leveling in the building or can be disposed off The unused or remaining paints/varnishes/wood can either be reused or can be disposed. 9.2.5 Ecological Aspects During construction period, there could be clearing of vegetation in order to prepare the site for construction, the top soil from the construction area will collected and will be stored separately and will be used for greenbelt development. A comprehensive green belt program will be planned to improve the ecological condition of the region. 9.2.6 Site Security Adequate security management would be made to ensure that the local inhabitants and the stray cattle are not exposed to the potential hazards of construction activities. Round the clock security personnel will be appointed to restrict entry of unwanted people to the site. The above mentioned mitigation measures are tabulated and given in Table 9.1 M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 9.4 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Table 9.1 Mitigation measures during construction Air Quality Water sprinkling on main haul roads in the project area will be done, this activity Mitigation will be carried out at least twice a day, if need arises frequency will be increased Measures on windy days, in this way around 50% reduction on the dust contribution from the exposed surface will be achieved. The duration of stockpiling of excavated mud will be as short as possible as most of the material will be used as backfill material for the open cut trenches for road development. Temporary tin sheets of sufficient height (3m) will be erected around the site of dust generation or all around the project site as barrier for dust control. Tree plantations around the project boundary will be initiated at the early stages by plantation of 2 to 3 years old saplings using drip irrigation or by regular watering so that the area will be moist for most part of the day. All vehicles carrying raw materials will be instructed to cover with tarpaulin / plastic sheet, unloading and loading activity will be stopped during windy period. To reduce the dust movement from civil construction site to the neighborhood the external part of the construction activity will be covered by plastic sheets. Water Quality The runoff water from the site collected in working pit, settled water reused for Mitigation construction activities and if any over flow is, will be diverted to nearby greenbelt / Measures plantation area. All equipment washed water will be diverted to working pit to arrest the suspended solids if any and the settled water will be reused for construction purposes, and for sprinkling on roads to control the dust emission, etc. The domestic wastewater generated from temporary toilets used by the work force will be diverted to septic tank followed by soak pit. Noise Noise generating equipment will be used during day time for brief period of its Mitigation requirement. Measures Proper enclosures will be used for reduction in noise levels, where ever possible the noise generating equipment will be kept away from the human habituation. Temporary tin sheets of sufficient height (3m) will be erected around the noise generating activity or all around the project site as barrier for minimizing the noise travel to surrounding areas. All vehicles entering into the project will be informed to maintain speed limits, and not blow horns unless it is required. Personal protective equipment like earmuffs, helmets covering ears would be provided to the workers working near noise generating equipment and would see that workers use the protective gadgets regularly. M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 9.5 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Solid Waste All construction waste shall be stored within the site itself. A proper screen will be Mitigation provided so that the waste does not get scattered. Measures Attempts will be made to keep the waste segregated into different heaps as far as possible so that their further gradation and reuse is facilitated. Materials, which can be reused for purpose of construction, levelling, making roads/ pavement will also be kept in separate heaps from those which are to be sold or land filled. Site Security Adequate security arrangement would be made to ensure that the local inhabitants and the stray cattle are not exposed to the potential hazards of construction activities, fencing will be provided along the boundary. Round the clock security personnel will be appointed to restrict entry of unwanted people to the site. 9.3 Management during Operation Stage Necessary control measures will be undertaken at the design stage to meet the statutory requirements and towards minimizing environmental impacts. During project implementation period special emphasis will be made on measures to minimize leachate / effluent generation and dust control at source. The specific control measures related to air emissions, liquid effluent discharges, noise generation, solid waste disposal etc. are described below: 9.3.1 Air Quality Management The main activities from the proposed project which cause air pollution are as follows: Incinerator stack emissions DG set stack emissions Dust particulates due to movement of vehicles and road sweepings Temperature & odor from bio medical waste management plant Dust, Odor& Gas generation from secured landfill The following methods of abatement will be employed for the air pollution control. Incinerator will be provided with a stack height meeting MOEF Guidelines, Spray dryer, multi cyclone, bag house, and Wet scrubber. M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 9.6 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha DG set will be provided with a stack height meeting MOEFCC Guidelines for proper dispersion of sulfur dioxide and oxides of nitrogen. Internal roads will be concreted / asphalted to reduce dust emissions Speed restriction will be followed within the project and speed breakers will be provided at entry and exit points Gas management system in secured landfill will be provided Green belt will be provided along the internal roads and plant boundary 9.3.2 Odor Control The odor management is one of the issues in TSDF. The main aim is to minimize the number of sources of odor generation which exist in site. To undertake direct management of odor generating sources that give rise to odor problems. The mitigation measures proposed to minimize and control odor are as follows. Dilution of odorant by odor counteraction or neutralize by spraying Ecosorb (organic and biodegradable chemical) around odor generation areas at regular intervals. Covering the landfill area under operation daily with layer of earth, clay or a similar material. Covering by using heavy duty hessian, plastics and foams odor can be minimized. Covering of trucks carrying waste while transportation. The waste after combustion in primary and secondary stages the off gas/flue gases shall be passed through spray dryer, cyclone separation, activated carbon dry lime and wet scrubber. The odor will be removed during the above gas cleaning operations especially the activated carbon shall adsorb any organics if so present in the flue gases. The odor free gases shall be released into the atmosphere from 30 m stack. 9.3.3 Gas Management Land fill gas is generated as a product of waste biodegradation. In land fill, Organic waste is broken down by enzymes produced by bacteria in a manner. Considerable heat is generated by these reactions with methane, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen sulfide and M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 9.7 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha other gases as by products. Methane and carbon dioxide are the principle gases produced with almost 50-50% share. When methane is present in the air in concentrations between 5 to 15%, it is explosive. Landfills generate gases with a pressure sufficient enough to damage the final cover and largely have the impact on vegetative cover. Also because only limited amount of oxygen are present in a land fill, when methane concentration reach this critical level, there is a little danger that the land fill will explode. To minimize the gas generation in the proposed project incinerator is proposed for incineration of organic based (high calorific) waste, hence gas generation is anticipated to be less. To manage the gas generated a venting system with flaring arrangement is proposed if the gas generation is more it will be diverted to canteen. 9.3.4 Water Quality Mitigation Measures The wastewater generations sources in the existing TSDF facility and the proposed project are domestic wastewater, leachate generation from secured land fill (hazardous waste), effluent from bio medical waste, vehicle wash area, etc. Leachate generated from landfill is generally processed and treated in incineration/ forced evaporation and finally sprayed on landfill. The domestic effluent generated will be treated in septic tank followed by soak pit or portable STP and the treated water is used for greenbelt development. The effluent generated from floor washings, recycling activity, etc is collected in collection tank followed by settling tank and the settled water is reused. The effluent from bio medical waste, spent solvent and used oil recovery facility, paper, plastic recycling facility etc., will be treated in ETP and recycled to incinerator or circulated back to system. The waste water generated from boiler and cooling tower would be used in ash quenching and for greenbelt development purpose. There will not be any wastewater discharge to any nearby water body and the zero wastewater discharge concept would be adopted. The details of the wastewater generation are given in the Table 9.2. M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 9.8 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Table 9.2 Wastewater generation details Waste Water required (KLD) water Process/Facility (KLD) Remarks Fresh Treated Total Generation Secured Land Fill 15 8 23 BMW + Incinerator + Plant- wet & venturi 42 13 55 5 scrubber Sent to Boiler for solvent & used oil recovery 30 - 30 15 ETP for treatment Plastic, Paper, Lead recycling & E waste 3 - 3 2 and reuse Leachate - - 0 1 Sub Total 90 21 111 23 Sent to Domestic 8 - 8 7 soak pit Truck wheel wash 1 - 1 Greenbelt 50 - 50 Total 149 21 170 9.3.5 Noise Mitigation Measures The main sources of noise generation is due to movement of vehicles carrying waste, all vehicle (drivers) entering into the project site will be informed to maintain speed limits, and not blow horns unless it is required. Necessary speed controlling bumps will be placed near weighbridge and entrance of the site. The other areas where noise generation is anticipated is Incinerator section, power plant area, DG set room, necessary personal protective equipment like earmuffs, helmets covering ears would be provided to the workers working near noise generating equipment and would see that workers use the protective gadgets regularly. Regular maintenance of the equipment will be carried out as per the schedule given by suppliers. The noise pollution management measures proposed is given below. M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 9.9 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Acoustic Enclosure for all the high noise level equipment All the design/installation precautions as specified by the manufacturers with respect to noise control are strictly adhered to Major noise generating sources are insulated adequately by providing suitable enclosures Other than the regular maintenance of the various equipment, ear plugs are provided to the personnel close to the noise generating units All the opening like covers, partitions are designed properly 9.3.6 Solid Waste Mitigation Measures The ash coming from the incinerator and power plant will be used as a daily cover for landfill along with soil and mud. The mitigation measures proposed during operation period are given in Table 9.3. Table 9.3 Mitigation measure proposed during operation period Air Quality Incinerator will be provided with a stack height meeting MOEF Management Guidelines DG set will be provided with a stack height meeting MOEF Guidelines proper dispersion of sulfur dioxide and oxides of nitrogen. Internal roads will be concreted / asphalted to reduce dust emissions Speed restriction will be followed within the project and speed breakers will be provided at entry and exit points Gas management system in secured landfill will be provided Green belt will be provided along the internal roads and plant boundary Odor Control Dilution of odourant by odour counteraction or neutralize by spraying Ecosorb (organic and biodegradable chemical) around odour generation areas at regular intervals. Covering the landfill area under operation daily with layer of earth, clay or a similar material Gas To minimize the gas generation in the landfill, the organic based waste Management will be diverted to incineration to the maximum extent possible To manage the gas generated a venting system with flaring arrangement will be provided, if the gas generation is more it will be directed to M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 9.10 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha canteen Water Quality The leachate generated from landfill will be collected into leachate Mitigation collection pond. Measures The leachate collected will be sprayed back into landfill for dust suppression, stabilization of hazardous waste, etc. the excess if any will be disposed into spray drier of the incinerator or treated and sent to solar pond (during phase I) The domestic wastewater will be collected and treated in septic tank/soak pit or portable STP and reused for greenbelt The effluent from floor washings, workshop etc., will be collected, treated in O&G trap, settling tank and recycle back for dust suppression, etc., The waste water from bio-medical sections will collected, disinfected and after necessary treatment reused for dust suppression on landfill area Noise Mitigation Acoustic enclosures will be provided for all the high noise generating Measures equipment Major noise generating sources shall be insulated adequately by providing suitable enclosures Other than the regular maintenance of the various equipment, ear plugs are provided to the personnel close to the noise generating units; All the openings like covers, partitions are designed properly. Solid Waste The ash coming from incineration plant / power plant will be used as Mitigation daily cover in secured landfill Measures The sludge generated in the leachate pond/ solar pond will be sent to secured land fill Occupational Periodic health checkup for early detection and control of Health & Safety communicable Diseases Will provide preventive measures for potential fire hazards with requisite fire detection, firefighting facilities and adequate water storage, etc. Provide regular training for workers in their respective fields 9.4 Post Operation of Landfill A final landfill cover is usually composed of several layers, each with a specific function. The surface cover system must enhance surface drainage, minimize infiltration, support vegetation and control the release of landfill gases. The landfill cover to be adopted will depend on the gas management system. M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 9.11 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha As recommended by the MOEFCC, the final cover system must consist of a vegetative layer supported by a drainage layer over barrier layer and gas vent layer. The details of the landfill cover are given below. A 60 cm thick compacted clay A HDPE geo-membrane liner of thickness 1.5mm Geo net and 285 gsm Geotextile, 7-8 mm drainage composite Top soil 45 cm and vegetative soil 15 cm followed by vegetation. The mitigation measures proposed during post operation period are given in Table 9.4. Table 9.4 Mitigation measure proposed during post operation period Post Operation Phase Landfill After closure of the landfill, the integrity of the final cover will be maintenance maintained. If any repairs are required it will be rectified as necessary. After closure of the landfill, management as well as environmental monitoring shall be continued for leachate, landfill gas and surface water for a period of 30 years or until harmful leachate is not produced for 5 continuous years. After few years of closure, the leachate is observed to meet all discharge standards, the same shall be discharged directly to lined drains. The landfill shall be abandoned after 30 years of closure if concentrations of contaminants in all liquid and gaseous emissions from the landfill are observed to be below prescribed limits. 9.5 Socio Economic Development Activities under CEP Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has become an integral, self-regulating mechanism through which business monitors and safeguards its active compliance with the Law and ethical standards. CSR aims to embrace responsibility for the company's actions and encourage a positive impact through its activities on the environment, employees, consumers, stakeholders, communities and the larger public. The proposed project would proactively promote the public interest through provision of basic amenities such as roads, transportation, electricity, education, sanitation and healthcare facilities. This would also encourage community growth and development and improved socio-economic conditions, and quality of life of the people living in the project area. The company shall also continue M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 9.12 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha to have among its objectives the promotion and growth of the national economy through increased productivity, effective utilization of material, manpower resources and continued application of modern scientific and managerial techniques, in keeping with the national aspiration; and the company shall continue to be mindful of its social and moral responsibilities to consumers, employees, shareholders, society and the local community. 9.5.1 Planning The planning for CSR starts with the identification of activities/projects to be undertaken. CSR projects/activities may be undertaken in the periphery of project boundaries or anywhere in the country. Selection of activities under CSR would be made to ensure that the benefits reach the smallest units in the area of District depending upon the operations and resource capability of the project. The monitoring skills available with the project authorities could be shared as far as possible, with the local administration by training and setting up required structures and systems. The long-term CSR Plan shall match with the long term business plan. This shall be broken down into medium term and short term plans. Each of these plans shall be clearly specified the following. Requirements relating to baseline survey Activities to be undertaken Budgets allocated Time-lines prescribed Responsibilities and authorities defined Major results expected However, these plans shall also clearly specify the implementation guidelines and the involvement of the implementing agency. 9.5.2 Implementation CSR initiatives shall consider the following parameters for identifications/selection of schemes/projects as per the stipulated guidelines: M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 9.13 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Investment in CSR should be project based. Mere donations to philanthropic/charity or other organizations would not come under the category of CSR. CSR activities should generate community goodwill, create social impact and visibility. For every project, the time-frame and periodic milestones should be finalized at the outset. CSR activities should also involve the suppliers in order to ensure that the supply- chain also follows the CSR principles. CSR activities should help in building a positive image of the company in the public perception. CSR projects may be closely linked with the principles of sustainable Development. Based on the immediate and long term social and environmental consequences of their activities. Management should take the shoulder responsibility for restoring/Compensating for any ecological damage that is taking place as a result of its operations. Project activities identified under CSR shall be implemented by Specialized Agencies and generally not by staff of the project management. Specialized agencies would be made to work singly or in tandem with other agencies. Specialized agencies would include: Community based organizations whether formal or informal Elected local bodies such as Panchayat Voluntary Agencies (NGOs) Institutes/Academic Organizations Trusts, Missions, etc., Self-help Groups Government, Semi-Government and autonomous Organizations Standing Conference of Public Enterprises (SCOPE) Mahila Mandals/Samitis and the like Contracted agencies for civil works Professional Consultancy Organizations, etc., M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 9.14 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Project Management will take responsibility to develop awareness among all levels of their staff about CSR activities and the integration of social processes with business processes. Initiatives of State Governments, District Administration, local administration as well as Central Government Departments/Agencies, self-Help Groups, etc., would be synergized with the initiatives taken by the management. Every care will be taken to ensure that there is no duplication of CSR activities undertaken by the project with that of programs run by Central State and Local Governments. While assigning CSR projects to specialized agencies, every possible effort will be made to verify the reliability and clean track record of such agencies or they may select from panels maintained by Government, Semi-Government, Autonomous Organization or the National CSR Hub, etc. Activities related to sustainable Development will form a significant element of the total initiatives of CSR. However, these activities will be carried out under the 3 UN Global compact principles, pertaining to the Environment. Nevertheless, business related with project activities will be asked to: Support a precautionary approach to environmental challenges Undertake initiatives to promote greater environmental responsibility Encourage the development and diffusion of environmental friendly technologies. 9.5.3 Possible Areas of Activities under CSR Some of the possible areas of activities under CSR are given below; they will be undertaken depending on the local requirement and its immediate need. Drinking Water Facilities Education Electricity Solar Lighting System Health and Family Welfare Plantation/Irrigation Facilities Sanitation and Public Health M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 9.15 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Pollution Control Animal Care Promotion of Sports and Games Promotion of Art and Culture Promotion of livelihood for economically weaker sections through forward and backward linkages. Disaster Management Activities and relief to victims of natural calamities like earth- quake, cyclone, drought and floods in any part of the country Supplementing development program of the government Promote the use of Non-conventional Energy Sources Construction of Community Centres/Night Shelters/Old Age Homes Imparting Vocational Training Setting up of skill development centers Adoption of Villages Scholarships to meritorious students belonging to SC, ST, OBC and disabled categories Adoption/Construction of Hostels (especially those for SC/ST and girls) Skill training, entrepreneurship development and placement assistance program for youth Building of Roads, Pathways and Bridges Entrepreneurship Development Program (EDP) Activities related to the preservation of the ecology and sustainable development. 9.5.4 Budgetary Provision for CSR and CER activities Corporate Social Responsibility has become an integral, self-regulating mechanism through which business monitors and safeguards its active compliance with the Law and ethical standards. CSR aims to embrace responsibility for the company's actions and encourage a positive impact through its activities on the environment, employees, consumers, stakeholders, communities and the larger public. M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 9.16 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Since inception, OWMP as a responsible citizen has been engaged in community development and creation of sustainable livelihoods for the targeted beneficiaries. It played an active role in developing health, education, skill development needs of people living in the villages of project area. The following are some of the activities which are currently implemented by the TSDF. Health check-up programs for children, mother, pregnant women & old age persons. Providing Drinking Water through bore wells Awareness on immunization, nutrition, sanitation Need based support to strengthen educational infrastructure of schools and Anganwadi centers Encouraging rural sports Women Empowerment through self-employability initiatives Green rallies and plantation drive in local villages Scholarships for the merit The proposed project would proactively promote the public interest through provision of basic amenities such as roads, transportation, electricity, education, sanitation and healthcare facilities. This would also encourage community growth and development and improved socio-economic conditions, and quality of life of the people living in the project area. The Company shall also continue to have among its objectives the promotion and growth of the national economy through increased productivity, effective utilization of material, manpower resources and continued application of modern scientific and managerial techniques, in keeping with the national aspiration; and the company shall continue to be mindful of its social and moral responsibilities to consumers, employees, shareholders, society and the local community. The company shall earmark funds for social development and welfare measures as per the companies act 2013, 2% of the project profit shall be allotted for CSR. CER fund shall be allotted as per the MoEF&CC office memorandum F.No.22-65/2017-IA.III dated 1st May 2018. M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 9.17 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha “The fund allocation for CER shall be deliberated in the EAC or SEAC or DEAC as the many case may be with a due diligence subject to maximum percentage as prescribed below for the different cases” S. Capital Investment /Additional Capital Greenfield Project - Brownfield Project – No Investment (in Rs.) % of Capital % of Additional Investment Capital Investment 1. ≤ 100 Crores 2.0% 1.0% 2. > 100 Crores ≤ 500 Crores 1.5% 0.75% 3. > 500 Crores ≤ 1000 Crores 1.0% 0.50% 4. > From 1000 Crores to ≤ 10000 Crores 0.5% 0.25% 5. > 10000 Crores 0.25% 0.125% The CER budget allotted based on the total cost of the proposed project shall be Rs.150 Lakhs (1% of the Project Cost Rs. 150 Crores). The details break up and activities considered under CER activities are given in Table 9.5 below. Table 9.5 Proposed CER activities and its budget Brownfield Remarks S. No Item project (Rs in Lakhs) 1 Drinking water supply 20 2 Health camps and facilities 20 3 Skill development 10 4 Roads & Cross drains 20 The budget breakup 5 Electrification, Solar power 10 is tentative, allotment will be 6 Sanitation, Solid waste management 10 based on the 7 Scientific support to farmers 10 requirement of 8 Rainwater harvesting, soil conservation 20 villagers and district collector advise Plantation (Avenue, community, 9 10 schools, etc) 10 Others as per the requirement 20 Total 150 Cost of the proposed expansion is Rs 150 Crores, CER fund is 1 % maximum based on EAC recommendation M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 9.18 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Note: The CER fund shall be utilized over a period of 1 year in addition to the existing CSR budget i.e 2% of the company’s annual profit as per Company act. 9.6 Occupational Health Management There will be routine observation of health as certain sufferings are likely to appear as result of exposure by the workers during operations of various facilities. All the employees shall be required to undergo a medical checkup before joining the facility. Medical checkup will be conducted on regular basis and the health conditions will be monitored. First aid facilities required to attend immediately for meeting emergency situations shall be made available at the facility. 9.7 Fire Protection System The fire protection system will protect the entire site area from fire hazards happening accidentally. This fire protection system comprises of a ground level water storage tank to store the anticipated requirement of water. One electric motor driven pump and one diesel high pressure pumps will be provided to pump the water to a high pressure header from where the water is distributed to various high pressure hydrants provided at selected locations. Necessary fire hoses terminated with spouts will be kept ready at each hydrant location to facilitate firefighting. The header also caters to a multi fire system to automatically sprinkle water through sprinklers provided. 9.8 Environmental Management Cell The Environmental Cell will be headed by the Project Managers followed by other officers and technicians. The department is the nodal agency to co-ordinate and provides necessary services on environmental issues during operation of the project. This environmental group is responsible for implementation of environmental management plan, interaction with the environmental regulatory agencies, reviewing draft policy and planning. This department interacts with State Pollution Control Board and other environment regulatory agencies. The department also interacts with local people to understand their problems and to formulate appropriate community development plan. The major duties and responsibilities of Environmental Management Cell shall be as given below: M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 9.19 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha To implement the environmental management plan, To assure regulatory compliance with all relevant rules and regulations, To ensure regular operation and maintenance of pollution control devices, To minimize environmental impacts of operations as by strict adherence to the EMP, To initiate environmental monitoring as per approved schedule Review and interpretation of monitored results and corrective measures in case monitored results are above the specified limit Maintain documentation of good environmental practices and applicable environmental laws as ready reference Maintain environmental related records Coordination with regulatory agencies, external consultants 9.8.1 Record Keeping and Reporting Record keeping and reporting of performance is an important management tool for ensuring sustainable operation. Records should be maintained for regulatory, monitoring and operational issues. Typical record keeping requirements for the TSDF is summarized in Table 9.6 below:- Table 9.6 Record keeping particulars Parameter Particulars Solid Waste Handling and Disposal Daily quantity of waste received Daily quantity of waste sent to landfill Waste water Daily quantities of treated effluent disposed Quantity and point of usage of treated wastewater Treated wastewater quality Regulatory Licenses (Environmental) Environmental Permits / Consents from SPCB Monitoring and Survey Records of all monitoring carried out as per the finalized monitoring protocol Accident reporting Date and time of the accident Sequence of events leading to accident Chemical datasheet assessing effect of accident on health and environment Emergency measures taken Steps taken to prevent recurrence of such events M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 9.20 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Other Log book of compliance Employee environmental, health and safety records Equipment inspection and calibration records Vehicle maintenance and inspection records 9.9 E-Waste Management and Handling Rules 2016 The action plan to comply the rules under E waste management handling rules are given below in Table 9.7. Table 9.7 Compliance E waste Management & Handling Rules Section Applicable Rule Compliance Chapter Responsibilities of Collection Centers II 6.1 collect e-waste on behalf of producer or Shall comply with the rules dismantler or recycler or refurbisher including those arising from orphaned products; Provided the collection centres established by producer can also collect e-waste on behalf of dismantler, refurbisher and recycler including those arising from orphaned products 6.3 Ensure that the E-waste collected by them is Shall comply with the rules stored in a secured manner till it is sent to registered dismantler(s) or recycler(s) as the case may be 6.4 Ensure that no damage is caused to the After receiving the request from environment during storage and transportation the client the project of E-waste management will arrange a suitable and secured transport to collect the material from client’s premises and the collected material will be stored in secured place till it is processed further. 6.5 Maintain records of E-waste handled, in Form- Shall comply with the rules 2 and make such records available for scrutiny by the concerned SPCB Chapter Responsibilities of Dismantler II 10.1 Ensure that the facility and dismantling process Shall be ensured are in accordance with the standards or guidelines published by the CPCB from time to time M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 9.21 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha 10.2 obtain authorisation from the concerned State Authorization and registration will Pollution Control Board in accordance with the be obtained after obtaining EC procedure under sub-rule (3) of rule 13 10.3 Ensure that no damage is caused to the It will be ensured that storage and environment during storage and transportation transportation of E-waste does of E-waste not damage the environment 10.4 Ensure that dismantling process do not have Necessary pollution control any adverse effect on the health and the measures shall be taken care of to environment preserve health and environment. 10.5 Ensure that dismantled E-waste are segregated Shall comply with the rules and sent to the registered recycling facilities for recovery of materials 10.6 Ensure that non-recyclable/non–recoverable Non-recyclable/non–recoverable components are sent to authorized treatment components are separated and storage and disposal facilities sent to incineration or secured land fill for further disposal 10.7 maintain record of e-waste collected, Shall comply with the rules dismantled and sent to authorized recycler in Form-2 and make such record available for scrutiny by the Central Pollution Control Board or the concerned State Pollution Control Board 10.8 File a return in Form- 3 to the SPCB on or Annual returns in Form-3 shall be before 30th June following the financial year to filed which that return relates 10.9 Not process any E-waste for recovery or Shall comply with the rules refining of materials, unless he is authorized with the concerned SPCB as recycler for refining and recovery of metals 9.10 Action Plan for Complying Performance Evaluation & Monitoring of TSDF The detailed action plans for complying performance evaluation and monitoring of TSDF facility is given below under Table 9.8 Table 9.8 Action plan for monitoring TSDF Section Condition Compliance 4.1 Basic Information to be provided by The basic information as per the format given in the operator of the facility HAZWAMS/…./2010-2011 dated May 24, 2010, Annexure-III will be provided to SPCB/CPCB before the commencement of operation of the facility. This would be done as one time exercise. In case there is any change in the activity of the proposed facility, information will be updated to SPCB/CPCB 4.2 Periodic information to be prepared Periodic information as per the format given in M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 9.22 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Section Condition Compliance and submitted on quarterly basis by HAZWAMS/…./2010-2011 dated May 24, 2010, the operator of the facility Annexure-IV will be provided to SPCB/CPCB on quarterly basis within 15 days before the end of the quarter 5.2 Uniformity in monitoring of soil, A monitoring protocol suggested in ground and surface water, ambient HAZWAMS/…./2010-2011 dated May 24, 2010, air quality, gaseous emissions from Annexure-V will be followed and will be provided vents provided to the already to SPCB/CPCB as per Consent conditions capped landfills, a monitoring protocol is to be followed 5.4 Storage of Incompatible wastes in While storing and mixing incompatible wastes the TSDF general criteria suggested as guideline in HAZWAMS/…./2010-2011 dated May 24, 2010, Annexure-VII will be followed 5.6 Online tracking system for Measures will be taken to put in place online movement of hazardous waste tracking system for movement of the hazardous waste from generators to the TSDF 5.7 Strengthening and upgrading A full-fledged laboratory having sufficient laboratories, Accreditation as per equipment for monitoring and analysis of all EPA, 1986, obtaining ISO 17025 required parameters is in place. However, shall through NABL system strive for accreditation as per EPA, 1986 and to obtain ISO 17025 through NABL system 9.11 Compliance of Hazardous Waste Rules 2016 Point wise compliance of the Hazardous Waste (Management, Handling and Trans-boundary Movement) Rules 2016 including collection and transportation design etc., are given in Table 9.9. Table 9.9 Compliance of Hazardous Waste Rules Chapter II PROCEDURE FOR MANAGEMENT OF HAZARDOUS AND OTHER WASTES II - 4 Responsibilities of the occupier for handling Compliance hazardous wastes 4.2 The occupier shall be responsible for safe No hazardous waste will be generated as and environmentally sound handling of the proposed project is Treatment, Storage hazardous wastes generated in his and Disposable Facility (TSDF) establishment. 4.3 The hazardous wastes generated in the No hazardous waste will be generated as establishment of an occupier shall be sent or the proposed project is Treatment, Storage sold to a recycler or re-processor or re-user and Disposable Facility (TSDF) registered or authorized under these rules or shall be disposed of in an authorized disposal facility. M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 9.23 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha 4.4 The hazardous wastes transported from an Transportation of hazardous waste shall be occupier's establishment to a recycler for done in accordance with the provisions of recycling or reuse or reprocessing or to an these rules authorized facility for disposal shall be transported in accordance with the provisions of these rules. 4.5 The occupier or any other person acting on Management shall collect information his behalf who intends to get his hazardous required as per State Pollution Control wastes treated and disposed of by the Board from the respective industries which operator of a TSDF shall give to the operator send the hazardous waste for treatment of a facility, such information as may be and disposal needed for safe storage and disposal 4.6 The occupier shall take all adequate steps All necessary preventive measures will be while handling hazardous wastes to: taken while handling the hazardous wastes. I. contain contaminants and prevent accidents and limit their Personal protective gadgets will be consequences on human beings and provided to workers and it will be seen that the environment; and they use while working II. Provide persons working on the site with the training, equipment and the In case of accidents, necessary cleaning of information necessary to ensure the site will be taken up their safety. II - 6 Grant of authorization for handling hazardous wastes. 6.1 Every person engaged in generation, Application in Form 1 will be submitted to processing, treatment, package, storage, the concerned State Pollution Control transportation, use, collection, destruction, Board for authorization of proposed TSDF conversion, offering for sale, transfer or the like of the hazardous waste or occupier of the facility shall make an application in Form 1 to the SPCB for authorization within a period of sixty days from the date of commencement of these rules: Provided that any person authorized under the provisions of the Hazardous Waste(Management, Handling and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2008, prior to the date of coming into force of these rules, shall not require to make an application for authorization till the period of expiry of such authorization. 6.2 On receipt of the application complete in all Accepting the condition respects for the authorization, the State Pollution Control Board may, after such inquiry as it considers necessary and on being satisfied that the applicant possesses appropriate facilities, technical capabilities and equipment to handle hazardous waste safely, grant within a period of one hundred and twenty days an authorization in Form 2 to the applicant, which shall be valid for a M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 9.24 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha period of five years subject to such conditions as may be laid down therein. 6.2 An application for the renewal of an Application for the renewal of authorization shall be made, before its expiry authorization shall be made before the and the State Pollution Control Board may expiry to State Pollution Control Board renew the authorization after examining each case on merit subject to the condition that there has been no report of violation of the provisions of the Act or the rules made there under or conditions specified in the authorization. 6.4 The State Pollution Control Board may after Condition acceptable giving reasonable opportunity of being heard to the applicant refuse to grant any authorization. 6.5 Every person authorized under these rules Shall maintain the record of hazardous shall maintain the record of hazardous wastes handled at the facility in Form 3 and wastes handled by him in Form 3 and prepare and submit to the State Pollution prepare and submit to the State Pollution Control Board, an annual return containing Control Board, an annual return containing the details specified in Form 4 on or before the details specified in Form 4 on or before the 30th day of June following to the the 30th day of June following to the financial year. financial year to which that return relates. 6.6 The State Pollution Control Board shall condition acceptable maintain a register containing particulars of the conditions imposed under these rules for management of hazardous waste, and it shall be open for inspection during office hours to any person interested or affected or a person authorized by him on his behalf. II - 7 Power to suspend or cancel an authorization 7.1 The State Pollution Control Board, may, if in Condition acceptable its opinion the holder of the authorization has failed to comply with any of the conditions of the authorization or with any provisions of the Act or these rules and after giving him a reasonable opportunity of being heard and after recording reasons thereof in writing cancel or suspend the authorization issued under rule-6 for such period as it considers necessary in the public interest. 7.2 Upon suspension or cancellation of the Directions given by State Pollution Control authorization the State Pollution Control Board shall be followed Board may give directions to the person whose authorization has been suspended or cancelled for the safe storage of the hazardous wastes, and such person shall comply with such directions. II-8 Storage of Hazardous Waste M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 9.25 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha 8.1 The occupiers, recyclers, re-processors, re- condition acceptable users, and operators of facilities may store the hazardous wastes for a period not exceeding ninety days and shall maintain a record of sale, transfer, storage, recycling and reprocessing of such wastes and Crake these records available for inspection: Provided that the State Pollution Control Board may extend the said period in following cases, namely:- I. small generators (up to ten tonnes per annum) up to one hundred and eighty days of their annual capacity; II. actual users and disposal facility operators up to one hundred and eighty days of their annual capacity, III. occupiers who do not have access to any treatment, storage, disposal facility in the concerned State; or IV. the waste which needs to be specifically stored for development of a process for its recycling, recovery, pre-processing, co- processing or utilisation; V. in any other case, on justifiable grounds up to one hundred and eighty days. Chapter IV TREATMENT, STORAGE AND DISPOSAL FACILITY FOR HAZARDOUS AND OTHER WASTES IV 16 Treatment, Storage and Disposal-Facility for hazardous wastes 16.1 The State Government, occupier, operator of Site meeting MoEF&CC guidelines has been a facility or any association of occupiers shall proposed for the expansion project individually or jointly or severally be responsible for, and identify sites for establishing the facility for treatment, storage and disposal of the hazardous wastes in the State. 16.2 The operator of common facility or occupier The proposed facility shall be designed as of a captive facility, shall design and set up per CPCB technical guidelines and the treatment, storage and disposal facility necessary approval will be obtained from as per technical guidelines issued by the State Pollution Control Board for design Central Pollution Control Board in this regard and Layout from time to time and shall obtain approval from the State Pollution Control Board for design and layout in this regard. 16.3 The State Pollution Control Board shall Condition acceptable monitor the setting up and operation of the common or captive treatment, storage and M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 9.26 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha disposal facility, regularly 16.4 The operator of common facility or occupier Management shall be responsible for safe of a captive facility shall be responsible for and environmentally sound operation of safe and environmentally sound operation of TSDF, closure and post closure phase. the facility and its closure and post closure phase, as per guidelines or standard operating procedures issued by the Central Pollution Control Board from time to time. 16.5 The operator of common facility or occupier We shall maintain records of the hazardous of a captive facility shall maintain records of wastes handled as per Form 3 hazardous and other wastes handled by him in Form 3. 16.6 The operator of common facility or occupier Annual return will be filed in Form 4 to the of a captive facility shall file an annual return State Pollution Control Board on or before in Form 4 to the State Pollution Control the 30th day of June following the financial Board on or before the 30th day of June year to which that return relates. following the financial year to which that return relates. Chapter V PACKAGING, LABELLING AND TRANSPORT OF HAZARDOUS AND OTHER WASTE V - 17 Packaging and labeling 17.1 The occupier handling hazardous or other Packaging and Labeling shall be done as per wastes and operator of TSDF shall ensure Form 8. that the hazardous and other wastes are packaged in a manner suitable for safe handling, storage and transport as per the guidelines issued by the Central Pollution Control Board from time to time. The labeling shall be done as per Form 8. 17.2 The label shall be of non-washable material Packaging and labeling shall be done in and packaging shall be easily visible and be such a way that it is easily visible and able to withstand physical conditions and withstands physical conditions and climatic climatic factors. factors V - 18 Transportation of Hazardous waste 18.1 The transport of the hazardous wastes shall Transportation of the hazardous wastes be in accordance with the provisions of these shall be in accordance with the provisions rules and the rules made by the Central of these rules and the rules made by the Government under the Motor Vehicles Act. Central Government under the Motor 1988 and other guidelines issued from time Vehicles Act.1988 and other guidelines to time in this regard. issued from time to time. 18.2 The occupier shall provide the transporter Condition acceptable with the relevant information in Form 9, regarding the hazardous nature of the wastes and measures to be taken in case of an emergency and shall label the hazardous wastes containers as per Form 8. 18.3 In case of transportation of hazardous Condition acceptable wastes for final disposal to a facility for treatment, storage and disposal existing in a M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 9.27 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha State other than the State where the hazardous waste is generated, the occupier shall obtain ‘No Objection Certificate’ from the State Pollution Control Board of both the States. 18.6 In case of transportation of hazardous and Condition acceptable other wastes for recycling, utilisation including co- processing or disposal through a State other than the State of origin or destination, the occupier shall intimate the concerned State Pollution Control Boards before he hands over the hazardous wastes to the transporter. V -19 Manifest system (Movement Document to be used within the country only) 19.1 The sender of waste shall prepare seven Condition acceptable and 7 copies manifest copies of the manifest in Form 10 comprising system shall be followed of color code indicated below and all 7 copies shall be signed by the transporter. 19.2 The sender shall forward copy 1 (white) to Condition acceptable the State Pollution Control Board, and in case the hazardous wastes is likely to be transported through any transit State, the occupier shall prepare an additional copy each for intimation to such State and, forward the same to the concerned State Pollution Control Board before he hands over the hazardous wastes to the transporter. 19.3 No transporter shall accept hazardous Condition acceptable wastes from an occupier for transport unless it is accompanied by copies3 to 7 of the manifest. 19.4 The transporter shall submit copies 3 to 7 of Condition acceptable the manifest duly signed with date to the operator of the facility along with the waste consignment. 19.5 The operator after acceptance of the waste Condition acceptable shall hand over copy 4 (orange) to the transporter and send copy 5 (green) to his State Pollution Control Board and send copy 6 (blue) to the sender and the copy 3 (pink) shall be retained by the reciever. 19.6 The copy 7 (grey) shall only be sent to the Condition acceptable State Pollution Control Board of the sender, if the sender is in another State. Chapter VI Miscellaneous VI -20 Records and returns 20.1 The occupier handling hazardous wastes and Disposal of hazardous waste records shall operator of the facility for disposal of be maintained in Form 3 M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 9.28 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha hazardous waste shall maintain records of such operations in Form 3. 20.2 The occupier and operator of a facility shall Annual returns shall be sent to the State send annual returns to the State Pollution Pollution Control Board in Form 4. Control Board in Form 4. 20.3 The State Pollution Control Board based on Not the responsibility of the facility the annual returns received from the occupiers and the operators of the facilities for disposal of hazardous and other wastes shall prepare an annual inventory of the waste generated; waste recycled, recovered, utilised including co- processed; waste re- exported and waste disposed and submit to the Central Pollution Control Board by the 30th day of September every year. VI -21 Responsibility of Authorities Not the responsibility of the facility The Authority specified in column 2 of the Schedule VI shall perform the duties as specified in column 3 of the Schedule subject to the provisions of these rules. VI -22 Accident reporting and follow-up In case of accident report shall be sent to Where an accident occurs at the facility or on the State Pollution Control Board in Form a hazardous or other waste site or during 11 transportation of the hazardous waste, the occupier or operator of the facility or the transporter, as the case may be, shall report immediately to the State Pollution Control Board about the accident in Form11. VI- 23 Liability of occupier, importer or exporter and operator of a disposal facility 23.1 The occupier, importer, transporter and Condition acceptable operator of the facility shall be liable for all damages caused to the environment or third party due to improper handling of the hazardous wastes or disposal of the hazardous wastes. 23.2 The occupier and the operator of the facility Condition acceptable shall be liable to pay financial penalties as levied for any violation of the provisions under these rules by the State Pollution Control Board with the prior approval of the Central Pollution Control Board. VI -24 Appeal 24.1 Any person aggrieved by an order of Condition acceptable suspension or cancellation or refusal of authorization or its renewal passed by the State Pollution Control Board, may, within a period of thirty days from the date on which the order is communicated to him, prefer an appeal in Form12 to the Appellate Authority M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 9.29 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha comprising of the Environment Secretary of the State. 24.2 The Appellate Authority may entertain the Condition acceptable appeal after the expiry of the period of thirty days if it is satisfied that the appellant was prevented by sufficient cause from filing the appeal in time. 24.3 Every appeal filed under this rule shall be Condition acceptable disposed of within a period of sixty days from the date of its filing. 9.12 Greenbelt Development An area of 93485 sq. m (9.34 Ha) (33 %) of the total site area (283377 sq. m)/28.32 Ha is earmarked for green belt development. As it is an existing facility and about 3.43 Ha of land is covered under greenbelt and remaining 5.91 Ha of land to developed under greenbelt cover. But it is not alike a typical industrial greenbelt of 1500 to 2000 trees per Ha. There are big gaps. A typical industrial greenbelt of 5 to 10 m width on all sides cannot be developed unless the existing trees are removed and the entire area is denuded. It is not advisable to uproot the existing trees and hence it is planned to reinforce and strengthen the existing greenbelt by pruning the branches of the trees to the desired level so that it becomes possible to grow new saplings close to the trees. It is proposed to have 2 to 5 rows of trees on all sides with a spacing of 2m x 3m (1500 / Ha). Action plan for greenbelt development in 33% of area Environmental protection has been considered as an important domain for industrial and other developmental activities in India. Ministry of Environment & Forests (MoEF) has taken several policy initiatives and promoted integration of environmental concerns in developmental projects. One such initiative is the notification on Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) of developmental projects issued in 1994 and further revised notification in year 2006 under the provisions of Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 EIA Guidance Manual for building, construction, townships, and area development projects proactively talks about the importance of greenbelts in such projects. Greenbelt in India refers to a buffer zone created beyond which industrial activity may not be carried on. This concept has developed through a long line of cases and today, greenbelts are present not only for the purpose of protecting sensitive areas to maintain ecological balance but are also be found in urban areas so as to act as a sink for the harmful gases released by vehicles and industries operating in the city area. In this regard, comprehensive Guidelines for Developing Greenbelts have been compiled by the Central Pollution Control Board [Refer Probes/75/1999-2000]. M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 9.30 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha As per the stipulations of MoEF, greenbelt is to be provided all along the boundary by planting tall, evergreen trees and the total green area including landscaping area will be 1/3rd (about 33%) of the plant area. This will include Lay down area which will be later on converted into Green area. Depending on the size, activity and environmental impacts of the industry; extent of land available, agro- climatic conditions, at least 5 m wide greenbelt of two rows of tall and evergreen plants shall be grown at the rate of 600 per Ac (1500 per Ha). About 3.4 Ha (about 12.07%) of the total land is going to be used for road network. The estimated road length is about 5 km. At a distance of about 10m from tree to tree, about 100 avenue trees can be grown per km on each side. Thus, a total of 1000 Avenue Trees can be grown along the 5 km long road network theoretically or mathematically. However, it is possible to use not more than 80% of the total as there will be road junctions, pipelines, electrical lines, entrances and exits etc. Thus, it is feasible to grow about 800 avenue trees at a distance of 10 m from plant to plant in one row on either of the roads. Profusely branching trees with canopy, such as Delonix regia, Peepal, Banyan, Kadamb, Neem, Conocarpus lancefolius etc will be grown as avenue trees. As stated earlier, it envisaged to develop greenbelt of 5 to 10m width on all sides of the industry in an area of 5.91 Ha out of 9.34 Ha. At present around 5000 plants are existing in the facility. Saplings grown in polythene bags will be planted at distance of 2 m x 3 m @ 1500 / Ha). Work on greenbelt shall be undertaken along with the proposed construction. The total amount of 50 lakhs has been allotted for overall greenbelt development in and around the project site (along the roads, open places & peripheral greenbelt etc) at the rate of Rs.6,00,000 per Ha and the amount will be spent in five years after construction, erection and fabrication of the TSDF at the rate of Rs.30,00,000 during the first year and Rs.20,00,000 during the second year. A total of 14,000 trees will be grown in the 9.34 Ha in 2 to 10 rows of 3mx2m all along the boundary besides one row of avenue plantations on either side of the internal roads at a distance of 10m from plant to plant. Saplings grown in poly bags are transplanted in pits of 30 Cm depth. Treated effluent water and rain water harvested shall be used for plantations. M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 9.31 CHAPTER 10 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Chapter 10 Summary and Conclusion 10.1 Introduction Management of pollution and the waste generated from the industries is always been a challenging task faced by the country. As per EIA Notification S.O. No 1533 dated 14th September 2006 and subsequent amendments the proposed project if falling under Project / Activity 7 (d) Common Hazardous Waste Treatment, Storage and Disposal Facility (TSDFs), Category “A” and requires environmental clearance from EAC, MOEF&CC, New Delhi. Odisha Waste Management Project located at Plot No. 420/648/1, Kanchichuan village, Post: Mangalpur, Tehsil: Sukinda, District: Jajpur, Odisha- 755018 is a Common Hazardous Waste Treatment Storage & Disposal Facility site (CHWTSDF). This facility has the Environment Clearance for Common Hazardous Waste Treatment Storage & Disposal Facility vide file no. 10-10/2007-IA.III, dated 2nd June 2009 from MoEFCC. The OWMP now proposes to expand its facilities and set up an Integrated Common Hazardous Waste Treatment, Storage, Disposal (ICHWTSDF) including incineration and recycling facilities. The proposal was considered by the Expert Appraisal Committee (Infra – 2) in its 21st meeting held during 21st – 24th August, 2017 for determination of the Terms of Reference (TOR) for undertaking detailed EIA Study in accordance with the provisions of the EIA notification dated September 14, 2006 and subsequent amendments. The EAC has given Terms of Reference vide its letter No. F. No. 10-10/2009-IA.III (pt.) dated 12th September 2017. 10.2 Project Capacity Details The proposed Integrated Common Hazardous Waste Treatment, Storage, Disposal and Recycling Facility has waste disposals / recycling /recovery facilities such as Hazardous Waste TSDF, Bio-medical waste disposal Facility, Alternative Fuel Recovery & Recycling Facilities. The project capacity details are given below in Table 10.1. M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 10.1 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Table 10.1 Details of proposed treatment facilities with capacities S. No Name of the Facility Current Consent Proposed Capacity capacity 1 Secured landfill (DLF) 75,000 TPA 82.0 TPD 2 Treatment/Stabilization (LAT) (approx. 205 TPD) 411.0 TPD 3 Incineration (INC)- common for HW & BMW -- 27.0 TPD 4 Bio Medical Waste -- 12.5 TPD 5 Alternative Fuel and Raw Material (AFRF) -- 55.0 TPD 6 E waste -- 82.0 TPD 7 Used Oil Recycling -- 54.0 KLPD 8 Spent Solvent Recycling -- 27.0 KLPD 9 Lead Recycling Facility -- 65.0 TPD 10 Paper Recycling -- 10.0 TPD 11 Plastic Recycling -- 10.0 TPD Project expansion cost Rs. 150 crores 10.3 Project Importance Odisha is one of the fast growing economies in India with well-developed social, physical and industrial infrastructure. The state has many traditional & modern industries ranging from small artisan workshops to huge multinational companies, micro, small & medium enterprises, major/large scale industries with many more in the pipeline. The state government has also undertaken several infrastructural projects to further promote overall development of the state. With the increasing scope for industrialization, a parallel increase in various kinds of wastes is also anticipated, which need an environmentally safe and scientifically acceptable way of disposal. At present some quantity of hazardous waste generated by industrial activities in some districts of Odisha state is being treated by the existing TSDF at OWMP. However, in many districts, such hazardous, biomedical and e- waste generated are indiscriminately disposed in open areas or given to small time recyclers. Hence there is an immediate need for up gradation of the existing TSDF and also for establishment of integrated facility to cater the future needs of waste disposal. The proposed project is targeted to treat and scientifically, safely dispose the hazardous waste, bio medical waste, e waste, spent solvent and other miscellaneous waste generated in M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 10.2 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha various districts of Odisha state. The proposed project will be designed on lines to meet the following rules. The Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016. The Bio-Medical Waste Management Rules, 2016. The Plastic Waste Management Rules, 2016. E-Waste (Management) Rules, 2016. Battery management and handling rules 2011 and subsequent amendments. 10.4 Land Details The TSDF existing in Odisha Waste Management Project has proposed for up gradation of capacity along with expansion to Integrated Hazardous Waste Treatment Storage Disposal facility including Incinerator and Recycle Facility within the present 70 acres land in Jajpur district, Odisha. The detailed breakup of the land required for various activities are given in Table 10.2. Table 10.2 Land Area Breakup S. No. Utility Area in Sq.m Area in Acres % of Area 1 Secured Landfill A Secured Landfill Cell-1 54187 13.40 19.14 B Secured Landfill Cell-2 32779 8.19 11.7 2 Bio-Medical Facility 3966 0.98 1.4 3 Recycling Facilities 3966 0.98 1.4 4 Roads 32779 8.1 11.6 5 Greenbelt 93482 23.1 33.0 6 Common Facilities 7365 1.8 2.6 Area Left for Future 7 54308 13.4 19.16 Expansion Total 282832 70 100 10.5 Water Requirement Water requirement for the project will be met through the ground water sources/tankers within the boundary premises. The details of the water requirement are given in Table 10.3. M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 10.3 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Table 10.3 Water requirement S. Process/Facility Water No Requirement (KLD) 1 Secured Land Fill 23 2 BMW + Incinerator +plant-wet & venture scrubber 55 3 Boiler for solvent/used oil recovery 30 4 Plastic, Paper, Lead recycling & E waste 3 5 Leachate 0 6 Domestic 8 7 Truck wheel wash 1 8 Greenbelt 50 Total 170 10.6 Power and Fuel Requirement The details of the power required for operation of the facility and fuel required for running DG sets for emergency use during power failure are given in Table 10.4. Table 10.4 Power and Fuel Requirement Details Capacity Remarks From North Eastern Electricity Supply Power 1000 kVA Company of Odisha Ltd. (NESCO) Auxiliary Fuel for Incinerator 2 Kl./Day From Local Dealers HSD/Furnace Oil DG Set 500 KVA DG set is used for emergency power backup, fuel will be procured from local Diesel 0.7 KL/Day dealers M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 10.4 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha 10.7 Required Manpower The details of the skilled and unskilled manpower required for the proposed project during construction and operational phase is given below in Table 10.5. Table 10.5 Manpower requirement details S. Required Manpower Details Remarks No. (No) 1 Skilled 40 Permanent staff 2 Semi/Un-Skilled 110 On contract Total 150 10.8 Baseline Environmental Status The baseline data generation for the proposed ICHWTSDF has been carried out during the winter season (December 2016 to February 2017). The data collection with respect to meteorological conditions, air pollution levels, noise levels, water quality, soil quality and socio-economic conditions were carried out during the study period. The predominant wind direction during study period was from East to South. Calm condition prevailed for 14.72% of the total time and the average wind speed for the season was observed to be 2.01 m/s. The ambient air quality was monitored at 9 locations and the results obtained are given in Table 10.6. Table 10.6 Ambient Air Quality Results (μg/m3) Details PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NOx O3 CO Benzene Ammonia Minimum In 98th 44.6 19.7 9.1 20.5 12.2 288 0.42 20.8 Percentile Maximum In 98th 57.1 24.5 15.4 25.4 18.5 620 0.81 22.2 Percentile NAAQ Standards 2009 100 60 80 80 100 2000 5 400 (8 hourly) (8 hourly) M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 10.5 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Remaining 4 parameters (Lead, Nickel, Arsenic & Benzo (a) Pyrene) are all below detectable limit. A total of 7 ground water samples and 2 surface water samples were collected from the study area to assess the water quality during the study period. The ground water samples were drawn from the hand pumps and bore wells used by the villagers for their domestic needs. Surface water sampling was carried out from the river / nallas in the study area. The physical and chemical characteristics and the summary of important parameters of the tested ground and surface water samples are given in Table 10.7 & Table 10.8. Overall, all the Ground water samples collected from the study area were found to be fit for human consumption; however the hardness, chlorides and total dissolved solids in some of the ground water samples seem to be above acceptable limit but were well within the permissible limits and all surface water samples met the class ‘A’ norms as per IS: 2296-1992 inland surface water Standards. Table 10.7 Summary of Ground Water Analysis Drinking water Standards Parameters Units Minimum Maximum IS:10500:2012 Acceptable Permissible pH - 7.1 7.6 6.5-8.5 No Relaxation TDS mg/l 58 980 500 2000 Chlorides mg/l 15 264 250 1000 Hardness mg/l 69 577 200 600 Fluorides mg/l <0.5 1.1 1.0 1.5 M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 10.6 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Table 10.8 Summary of Surface Water Analysis IS:2296 – 1992 Inland surface water Parameters Units Minimum Maximum Standards A B C D E pH - 7.5 7.7 6.5-8.5 6-9 6.5-8.5 6-8.5 TDS mg/l 112 154 500 - 1500 - 2100 Chlorides mg/l 18 22 250 - 600 - 600 Hardness mg/l 77 90 200 - - - - Fluorides mg/l <0.5 <0.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 - - Baseline noise levels have been monitored at 7 locations within the study zone, using a continuous noise measurement device. The results are presented in Table 10.9 Table 10.9 Noise Levels – dB (A) Standards Parameters Minimum Maximum Residential Commercial Day Equivalent 53.3 54.3 55 65 Night 42.0 43.5 45 55 Equivalent To determine the impact on agricultural productivity of soil due to the proposed activity soil samples were collected at 8 locations. The summary of the results obtained are presented in Table 10.10 and compared with Indian Council of Agricultural Research standards M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 10.7 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Table 10.10 Soil Quality in Study Area Standard Soil Classification – (Indian Council of Parameters Minimum Maximum Agricultural Research, New Delhi pH 6.6 7.9 Acidic<6.0, Normal to Saline 6.0-8.5, Tending to become Alkaline8.6 to 9.0, Alkaline above 9. EC (µs/cm) 109 182 Normal<1000, Critical for germination 1000-2000, Critical for growing 2000 - 4000, Injurious to most crops>4000 Organic carbon (%) 1.13 1.43 Low < 0.5 , Medium 0.5 – 0.75, High > 0.75 Nitrogen (kg/Ha) 180 272 Low below 280, Medium 280-560, High above 560 Phosphates (kg/Ha) 4.6 11.8 Low below 10, Medium 10-25, High above 25 Potassium (kg/Ha) 20 40 Low below 110, Medium 110-280 High above 280 10.9 Anticipated Impacts The OWMP is already facilitated with an operational TSDF for which proper roads, administrative/office buildings, laboratory, canteen etc. infrastructure are existing. Further construction works include partial site clearance, site formation, building works, and other required infrastructure provision which would pose less impact during construction. The impacts due to construction activities are short term and are limited to the construction phase. The impacts will be mainly on air quality, water quality, soil quality and socio- economics, necessary control measures will be taken to minimize the impacts. During the operation phase of the proposed project there would be impacts on the air environment, water environment, Land environment and socio-economic aspects. The main sources of air pollution are as follows. 1. Area source emissions from landfill operations 2. Point source emissions from Incinerator, DG set. M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 10.8 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha The area source emissions and line source emissions will be within the plant premises, whereas point source emissions expected the proposed project, and predicted GLCs are given in Table 10.11 Table 10.11 Post Project Scenario-Units: μg/m3 Particulars Particulate Sulphur dioxide Oxides of Nitrogen Matter (PM) (SO2) (NOx) Baseline Scenario (Max) 57.1 15.4 25.4 Predicted GLC (Max) 0.59 3.2 3.4 Overall Scenario (Worst 57.69 18.6 28.8 Case) NAAQ Standards 2009 100 80 80 10.10 Environmental Monitoring Plan The main spirit of environmental monitoring program is aimed such that there is not much of time lag between commencements of damage to environment mitigation measures to various environmental parameters that are being affected. Environmental monitoring program has been prepared for assessing the efficiency of implementation of Environment Management Plan and details of the same are given in Table 10.12 Table 10.12 Environmental Monitoring during Operational Phase S.No Potential Action to be taken Parameters for Frequency of impact monitoring monitoring 1. Air Emissions Stack emissions from Operating hours, Incinerator Temperature, Pressure, TOC of residues, LOI of residues, Stack temp, CO, PM, HCl, HF, SO2, NOx, TOC, Mercury, Heavy metals, dioxins and furans as prescribed in CFE /CTE Once in a month M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 10.9 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha S.No Potential Action to be taken Parameters for Frequency of impact monitoring monitoring Gas quality from VOC, H2S as per CFE landfill areas conditions given Stack emissions from As per CFE conditions by SPCB. DG sets PM, SO2, NOx AAQ within the project As per CFE conditions/ premises. NAAQ Standards The vehicles used shall Vehicle logs to be have PUC certificate. Maintained Meteorological data Wind speed, direction, temp., relative humidity and rainfall. 2. Noise Noise generated from Continuous noise level Once in a operation of boilers, recording month/ as per cooling towers, etc to CTO conditions be monitored given by SPCB 3. Wastewater Comply with pH, TSS, TDS, BOD, COD & Daily at regular Discharge wastewater discharge Oil & grease (Heavy intervals/ as per (leachate) standards as per metals) CTO conditions CPCB/SPCB given by SPCB 4. Solid Comply with HWM Comply with HWM rules Once in a waste/Haz. rules month/ as per Waste CTO conditions given by SPCB 5. Ground Monitoring ground Monitoring parameters Once in a Water water quality in and as per CPCB norms quarter/ as per Quality around project site CTO conditions given by SPCB 6. Flora and Vegetation, green Survival of native plant Once in a Fauna cover and greenbelt species and maintenance season/ as per development of planted species CTO conditions given by SPCB 7. Soil quality Checking and Physico-chemical Once in a maintenance of soil parameters such as NPK, quarter/ as per quality in and around heavy metals etc. CTO conditions the project site given by SPCB 8. Health Health check-ups for All relevant parameters Once in six employees and migrant of occupational health months/ as per labour CTO issued by SPCB/ as per Factories Act M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 10.10 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha 10.11 Risk Analysis The principal objective of the risk assessment study is to identify and quantify the major hazards and the risk associated with various operations of the proposed project, which may lead to emergency consequences (disasters) affecting the public safety and health. All necessary measures to minimize the risk due to the existing facility are taken care of measures to overcome the risks due to the proposed project will be taken during design stage and also during operation period viz, Fire & safety control measures, Emergency preparedness plan, Disaster Management plan, etc. 10.12 Project Benefits From the proposed project the major benefits, include improving the degraded environment by establishing an Integrated Common Hazardous Waste Treatment, Storage, Disposal and Recycling Facilities. The proposed project facilitates better management of the industrial wastes. It will be the showcase for other states for management of hazardous waste with additional benefit of green and clean Environment. It minimizes the pollution load on environment from industrial hazardous waste Compliance with prescribed regulatory norms which in turn avert the risk of closure on account of violation of rules It reduces the number of hazardous waste dump sites in the area and also eliminates the pollution potential The management of wastes is relatively easier & economically viable at common facility. Cost of environmental monitoring is less at common facility Reduced environmental liability due to captive storage of hazardous waste in the premises of industries Better occupational health and safety at individual industry level Prevention of natural resource contamination thereby improving overall environmental status of the region Reduction in the cost of transportation and subsequent traffic M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 10.11 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha 10.13 Environmental Management Plan The Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is required to ensure sustainable development in the area of the proposed project site. Hence, it needs proper Environmental Management Plan (EMP) to meet these objectives. The purpose of the Environmental Management Plan is to minimize the potential environmental impacts from the project and to mitigate the adverse impacts. Details of Environment Management Plan are given in Table 10.13 Table 10.13 Mitigation Measure proposed during Operation Period Parameter under Proposed Mitigation Measures impact Air Quality Incinerator will be provided with a stack height meeting requirements Management suggested in MOEF Guidelines DG set will be provided with a stack height meeting MOEF Guidelines proper dispersion of sulfur dioxide and oxides of nitrogen. Internal roads will be concreted / asphalted to reduce dust emissions Speed restriction will be followed within the project and speed breakers will be provided at entry and exit points Gas management system in secured landfill will be provided Green belt will be provided along the internal roads and plant boundary Odor Control Dilution of odorant by odor counteraction or neutralize by spraying Eco-sorb (organic and biodegradable chemical) around odor generation areas at regular intervals. Covering the landfill area under operation daily with layer of earth, clay or a similar material Gas Management To minimize the gas generation in the landfill, the organic based waste will be diverted to incineration to the maximum extent possible To manage the gas generated a venting system with flaring arrangement will be provided, if the gas generation is more it will be directed to canteen Water Quality The leachate generated from landfill will be collected into leachate collection Mitigation pond. Measures The leachate collected will be sprayed back into landfill for dust suppression, stabilization of hazardous waste, etc. the excess if any will be disposed into spray drier of the incinerator or treated and sent to solar pond (during phase I) The domestic wastewater will be collected and treated in septic tank/soak pit or portable STP and reused for greenbelt The effluent from floor washings, workshop etc., will be collected, treated in O&G trap, settling tank and recycle back for dust suppression, etc., The waste water from bio-medical sections will collected, disinfected and after necessary treatment reused for dust suppression on landfill area M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 10.12 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Noise Mitigation Acoustic enclosures will be provided for all the high noise generating Measures equipment Major noise generating sources shall be insulated adequately by providing suitable enclosures Other than the regular maintenance of the various equipment, ear plugs are provided to the personnel close to the noise generating units; All the openings like covers, partitions are designed properly. Solid Waste The ash coming from incineration plant / power plant will be used as daily Mitigation cover in secured landfill Measures The sludge generated in the leachate pond/ solar pond will be sent to secured land fill Occupational Periodic health checkup for early detection and control of communicable Health & Safety Diseases Will provide preventive measures for potential fire hazards with requisite fire detection, firefighting facilities and adequate water storage, etc. Provide regular training for workers in their respective fields 10.14 Project Cost Estimate and Means of Finance Project Costing Though the required infrastructure, roads, waste storage sheds etc. are available at the OWMP for the existing TSDF facility, the treatment facilities like secured landfill (new), biomedical waste treatment facility with incinerator, used oil and spent solvent recovery facility, AFRF, paper, plastic, lead acid batteries and e-waste recycling facility of the proposed expansion to Integrated Common Hazardous Waste TSDF with incinerator and recycling facilities would contribute to major portion of the project budget. The costing for each of the plant facilities proposed has been done based on land cost with respective civil, building and plant and machineries. A. Civil costing includes costing of the following required activities: Earthwork Bush clearance Construction of additional shed for storage area Buildings of each Recycling facility with RCC framed structure Brick walls plastering AC sheet roofing Painting M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 10.13 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Development of effluent convergence system Storm water drains Solar pond Additional infrastructure, and training center Additional roads B. Plant and machineries: Establishment of new landfill Establishment of incinerators. Design, supply, installation and commissioning of process plant and machineries based on budgetary quotations with suppliers for each of the recycling plant Environment related equipment for pollution control and measures. Safety and fire hydrant equipment Equipment for Common facilities inclusive of DG sets, transformer, cooling tower, chilling plant & material handling equipment etc. Supply, erection and commissioning of common utilities equipment Development of Green belt Electricals Supply, fabrication, erection and testing of MCC panels, cabling and lighting. 10.15 Cost Estimate of the Project Detailed cost estimates of the project is given in Table 10.14 Table 10.14 Cost Estimate of the Project S. Capital Cost Particulars No (Rs. Crores) 1 Secured land fill facility 40.0 2 Incinerator + BMW facility 30.0 3 E – waste recovery facility 15.0 4 Alternate Fuel & Raw material Facility (AFRF) 10.0 5 Used/spent solvent recovery facility 25.0 6 Lead recycling facility 15.0 7 Plastic & paper recycling facility + others 15.0 Total 150.0 Capital Cost of the project is Rs.150 Crores M/s Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad 10.14 CHAPTER 11 DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Chapter 11 Disclosure of Consultants 11.1 About the group Ramky, founded in the year 1994, today spans into a specialist multi-disciplinary organization focused in areas of Civil, Environment & Waste Management Infrastructure with specific emphasis on ‘Public Private Partnership’ Projects. The corporate office of the group is located at Hyderabad and the regional offices are located at Delhi, Mumbai, Ahmedabad, Bangalore, Chennai, Bhopal and Kolkata. The major companies of the group are 1) RAMKY Infrastructure Ltd, 2) RAMKY Enviro Engineers Ltd, 3) Ramky Estates & Farms Pvt. Ltd. and 4) Smilax Laboratories Ltd. 11.2 About the accredited consultant organisation Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited (A subsidiary of Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited) is the consulting arm of Ramky Enviro group provides vital function of effectively providing the backward linkage to the project implementation function in the form of concepts, strategies, structuring, planning and designing infrastructure projects. Ramky is a multi and cross disciplinary team of professionals, offering solution at each stage of the life cycle of a project. The consultancy services offered by the RESPL are given below. 11.2.1 Consultancy services Facilitating in obtaining Environmental Clearances from MoEFCC, New Delhi and SEAC’s from various states Obtaining Consent for Establishment and Consent for Operation from State Pollution Control Boards Preparing of Environmental Impact Assessment Reports Environmental Audits to help industries to recycle and reuse resources and plan for low polluting technologies Risk Assessment Studies for hazardous chemical storage & process in order to devise viable onsite and offsite emergency plans M/s. RAMKY Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad Page 11.1 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Identification and evaluation of Hazardous Waste disposal sites Environmental management systems, training, documentation and implementation as per ISO 14001:1996 Standards Characterization and quantification of biomedical waste, municipal solid waste and design of disposal facilities Environmental management strategies to mitigate adverse impacts arising out of developmental activities Effluent treatment plant design after thorough review of process, reaction mass balance and treatability studies of effluents Post project Monitoring network design Consultancy Services for setting up environmental laboratories Design of Sewage treatment plants Design of Waste treatment plants Health and socio- economic surveys Resettlement and rehabilitation plans Systems development for ISO 9000, OSHAS 18000, NABL, ISO 17025 Standards 11.2.2 Laboratory services Analysis of air samples for ambient air quality and those collected from industrial sources for both routine and industry specific pollutants Water and wastewater analysis for all parameters as per standard methods, including pesticides and poly hydro carbons Solid and hazardous waste analysis including TCLP tests Monitoring of noise levels at source and in ambient air Development of new methods and quality assurances of results obtained Design and settings of laboratories 11.2.3 Training services Monitoring of environmental parameters – air, water, noise, soil etc., Environmental Impact Assessments Effluent Treatment Plant operations and maintenance M/s. RAMKY Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad Page 11.2 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Sewage Treatment Plant operations and maintenance ISO 9000 & 14000, OHSAS 18000 awareness, documentations, internal auditors Establishment environmental laboratories Pollution control in industries Biomedical waste management 11.2.4 Field services Site selection and suitability studies for settling up of Industries Ambient Air Quality monitoring for all pollutants Noise Level Monitoring Meteorological data collection as per CPCB norms Stack Emission monitoring for all pollutants and assessment of efficiency of control equipment Water, Wastewater and Soil Sample Collection Assessment of efficiency of ETP and analyzing critical parameters of field Flora and Fauna assessment through sectorial studies and damage assessment due to development projects Damage Assessment studies in case of oil well blowouts, major industrial accidents, etc. 11.2.5 Treatment plant services Water Treatment Plants-design, construction, operation and maintenance Efficiency studies of Effluent Treatment plants Design, construction, operation and maintenance of ETP Up-gradation/modification of ETP Sewage Treatment Plants-design, construction, operation and maintenance along with mechanical equipment erection Supply of mechanical equipment 11.2.6 Solid waste management services Industrial Waste Management Hazardous Waste Management Municipal Solid Waste Management M/s. RAMKY Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad Page 11.3 EIA of Odisha Waste Management Project (OWMP) at Sukinda, Jajpur District, Odisha Biomedical Solid Waste Management The Company has over 2000 employees in various sectors of which over 600 employees are post graduates and about 15 employees are having Ph. D’s. The Analysis was carried out in the Laboratory of Hyderabad Waste Management Project, a subsidiary company under Ramky Enviro Engineers Ltd., which is NABL accredited and recognized as Environmental Laboratory by Ministry of Environment and Forests under the Environment (Protection) Act 1986. M/s. RAMKY Enviro Services Private Limited, Hyderabad Page 11.4