THE ANCIENT GREEKS - LIFE, ACHIEVEMENTS AND THEIR LEGACY KNOWLEDGE ORGANISER

Key vocabulary: Alexander The Great Ancient Greece timeline ancient philosopher He was from Macedonia and his father was Phillip II 1700 BC - start of the Ancient Greek empire civilisation mathematician He fought for 11 years and didn’t lose any battles 776 BC - The first Olympic Games justice Archimedes He died in 323BC aged 33 508 BC - Democracy began in Athens culture Pythagoras He destroyed the city of Thebes 432 BC - The Parthenon was finished laws truce He defeated King Darius III and married his daughter 356 - 323 BC - Alexander The Great’s life democracy altar He founded Afghanistan and Egypt 146 BC - The Romans conquered Ancient Greece The Assembly citizen He was educated by Aristotle artefacts Sparta / Spartans Democracy Athens / Athenians Government officials were elected by the citizens. legacy Anyone could propose a new law. Olympics / Olympiad The Assembly was made up of 60000 male citizens and made the laws of the land. sacrifice The Council was made up of 500 citizens who made up laws for the Assembly to consider. stylus Women, children and slaves could not vote. manuscript Democracy in Ancient Greece gave poor men a chance to lead in the government.

Olympic Games Education ● This sporting event was held every 4 years at ● In Sparta, reading and writing was unimportant; boys Olympia. learnt to be good fighters. ● It was also a religious festival to honour the god ● In Athens, citizens had to be educated to take part in Zeus. voting in The Assembly. ● The 4 year period was known as the Olympiad ● Schools were not free so only the wealthy could afford ● 776BC - first Olympics Games to go. Greek girls were not allowed to go to school. ● A ‘sacred truce’ was sent out by messengers one Athenian boys started school at 7 and stayed until they month before the games so the fighting would were about 14. They learned reading, writing and maths stop and people could travel safely. in the mornings and went to wrestling school in the ● Winners were given a wreath of leaves and a afternoons. hero’s welcome when they returned home. ● Children wrote on wooden boards covered with layers ● On the 3rd day of the games 100 oxen were of wax. They used a wooden pen called a stylus. sacrificed and burnt on the altar of Zeus. ● Boys were educated to become good citizens. Girls ● Married women were not allowed to attend the were educated in housekeeping. games. ● Running was the first event to be included. The ● Archimedes was the most famous inventor and toughest running race was the Hoplitodromos mathematician in Greece. He discovered the laws of ​ where runners competed wearing armour and levers and pulleys and the law of hydrostatics carrying a shield. Other events were: the discus; (supposedly whilst in the bath). javelin; long jump; wrestling and boxing; and ● Pythagoras was a famous mathematician and horse and chariot racing. philosopher who believed that the world was round and invented the Pythagorean Theorem for right angle triangles.