Pedagogy, Intellectuals, and Dissent in the Later Middle Ages: Lollardy and Ideas of Learning Rita Copeland Index More Information

Cambridge University Press 0521652383 - Pedagogy, Intellectuals, and Dissent in the Later Middle Ages: Lollardy and Ideas of Learning Rita Copeland Index More information

Index

Acade´mie Française 25 Bernard of Utrecht 96 Acts of the Apostles 143–4 Be´roul 171 adults, lay readers 4, 14–17, 18, 22, 105, Bible translation, debates 103–5, 115, 118, 126, 107–8, 121–3, 124–40; see also under 202–4 reading communities Blum, León 25 Aesop 80–1, 95 Boethius 102, 116, 118, 142–3 Alan of Lille 75–7, 85, 99,109, 111 Bourdieu, Pierre 84–5 Albertanus of Brescia 142 Bove´, Paul 29–30 Alexander of Villa Dei 82 Bowland, Robert 147–8 Alexandre-Bidon, Danielle 23 Braybrooke, Robert, bishop of London 192 Alfonso de Madrigal 52 Brut, Walter 142, 216 Althusser, Louis 148, 170 note Burke, Edmund 26 ambiguous oaths 163–75, 207 Bushnell, Rebecca 22 Anonymous of Passau 14 Butler, William 103–5 Anselm, St. 75 Aquinas, St. Thomas 52, 100, 101–2, 115, Carruthers, Mary 90 131 Cassian of Imola 18 Arab philosophy 38, 41 Charles d’Orleáns 142 Arie`s, Philippe 23–4 Chichele, Henry, archbishop of Canterbury 2 Aristotle 65, 180–1 note, 184, 187–8 Aronowitz, Stanley 19 childhood 1, 4, 7, 22–4, 61–2, 70–2, 74–8, 80, Ars obligatoria 180–2 84–8, 97–8, 103–8, 111, 120–4 Arundel, Thomas, archbishop of Canterbury 2, Chiltern Hills community of Lollards 214 7, 11, 119–23, 129–30, 146–7, 171, 191–3, Claudian 81 196–8, 201–18 Claydon, John 130 Ashby, George 142 clerici 7, 84, 113, 215 Aston, John 193, 195 CliZand, Joan 10, 12 Aston, Margaret 13, 114 Colins, Alice 9 Auctores octo 80, 82 Conrad of Megenberg 74 Augustine of Hippo, St. 57, 73, 102, 114, Council of Constance 110 and note 120–1, 134, 137 Conrad of Hirsau 73, 79–80, 83, 95–7, 105, Avianus 95 120, 136 Constitutiones of 1407/9 7, 11, 119–23, 129–30, Bacon, Roger 73 161, 196–205, 207, 208–14 Baker, John 16 Courtenay, William, archbishop of Canterbury Bale, John 183, 193 157 Barre`s, Maurice 25 Coventry communities of Lollards 9–11, 14, 16, Bauman, Zygmunt 28 138, 214 Baxter, Margery 10, 11 Bede 83, 115, 117, 131 Dante Alighieri 39, 80 Benda, Julien 28–9, 39, 49 De heretico comburendo 12, 122, 153, 155–6, Benjamin, Walter 1, 200–1, 207 161, 166–71, 199 Bernard of Clairvaux 131 ‘‘De oYcio pastorali ’’ (Lollard tract) 125–6

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© Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 0521652383 - Pedagogy, Intellectuals, and Dissent in the Later Middle Ages: Lollardy and Ideas of Learning Rita Copeland Index More information

Index

De raptu Proserpina 81 Glossed Gospels 17, 41, 46, 130–9, 160, 214 De veritate dicenda (oath) 166–9, 171 Gradon, Pamela 13 Debray, Re´gis 25 Grafton, Anthony 22 Decretals 11 grammarians, Roman 55–9, 60–1 Despenser, Henry, bishop of Norwich 157 Gramsci, Antonio 26–7, 31, 35–6, 41, 47–8, diachronic historiography 5–8 88, 144–5, 184, 216 discussion (teaching technique) 10–11, 15, 18 Green, Romuald 181 Distichs ofCato 22, 79, 85, 95 Grime, John 130 disputational techniques Grosseteste, Robert 102 Lollard disputations 149, 175–80 Guido da Pisa 80 university academic disputations 180–3, 210–11, 215 Hanawalt, Barbara 23 Docking, Thomas 102 Heliodorus 69–70 Dod, Roger 13, 15 Henry II of England, Constitutions of Dodds, E. R. 61 Clarendon 167 Donatus 79, 95, 108, 110, 122 Henry III of England 167 Dreyfus AVair 25, 27 Henry of TopcliV 154 Drury, John 13 Hereford, Nicholas 142, 147–8, 155, 157–8, Dubois, Pierre 74, 86–9, 123, 130 193, 195, 212 Durham/Newcastle communities of Lollards Herl, Robert 153 153–4 Herr, Lucien 25 Durkheim, Emile 8, 19–20 ‘‘The holi prophete David seith’’ (Lollard tract) Dymmok, Roger 178 205 Holme, Richard 184 Eberhard of Bethune 82 Homer 51, 63–4, 69 Ehrenreich, Barbara 29 hooks, bell 20–1 elementary education and pedagogy 5, 15–17, Horace 79–80, 120 22, 24, 63–6, 78–84, 100, 106, 111, 114, Hudson, Anne 9, 13, 154, 157–8 118–24, 201 Hugh of St. Victor 73, 89–95, 98–9 Eriugena, John Scotus 72 Hugh of Trimberg 81–2, 122 Essex and Kent communities of Lollards 214 Hus, Jan 142–3, 151, 153, 185–7 Eusebius 203 Hussites 44–5 Ex oYcio statute see De heretico comburendo examination 176–83, 207–11, chapters 3 and 4 imprisonment 141–9, 151–66, 182–3, 184 passim clerical imprisonment 145–7 prison and school 145, 160, 175, 182–3, fabula 66–7, 78 210–11 Fasciculi zizaniorum 153, 156, 176, 183–4, 193 inquisitorial narrative 171–5, 217, chapters 3 ‘‘FWrst seith Bois’’ (Lollard tract) 115–20 and 4 passim Fitzralph, Richard 101 intellectuals, medieval 33–42 Foucault, Michel 5, 6, 30–1, 160 and acceptance of terms in modern Fourth Lateran Council 166–7 historiography 34–5 Foxe, John 9, 13, 183, 193 and autobiographical narrative 141–4, 151–2, France, Anatole 25 154–6, 158–61, 174–5, 194–201 Freire, Paolo 20–2, 128 and autonomy 49 Fulgentius 70, 85 and lettered professionals 36 Fuller, John 130 and medieval terms for 34 and pedagogy 40–2, 175–83 Geertz, CliVord 51 as representatives 141–9, 158, 163–90, 207, Gehl, Paul 85 212–19 Gellius, Aulus 56 urban professionalism 35–7 Gerard, bishop of Cambrai 171–4 WycliYte–Lollard intellectuals 40–8, Gerson, Jean 4, 52, 105 141–219 passim Gervase of Melkley 77 intellectuals, modern deWnitions and theories Gilbert of Poitiers 109 24–31 Giroux, Henry A. 19–21 autonomy of 27–8, 47–8 Glossa ordinaria 157 and humanism 48

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‘‘intelligentsia’’ 25–6 111–12, 114 Isidore of Seville 83, 114 in William Taylor’s sermon 2–3, 7, 103, 114, 117 Jacoby, Russell 29 in WycliYte–Lollard exegesis 100, 110, 112, James I of Scotland 142 127, 132–9, 203–7 Jardine, Lisa 22 in WycliYte pedagogical thought 112–14, Jerome, St. 73, 202–3 123–40 John of Wales 102 in WycliYte writings 115–18, 126–40, 206 Johnson, Barbara 19, 21 Livy 102 Jurkowski, Maureen 46 Lollard Disendowment Bill 42–4 Juvenal 79 Lollard reading communities 13, 15–17, 22, Juvencus 95 chapter 2 passim Lombard, Peter 137 Kempe, Margery 215 London communities of Lollards 9, 130, 214 Kilwardby, Robert 102 London Journals 188 Knighton, Henry 11, 111 Lydford, John (memorandum book) 192–3 Lyre, Nicholas of 4, 101–2, 105, 114 laity 7, 23, 84, 100–1, 103–8, 111, 113–14, 116, 124, 212–19 Macrobius 5, 51, 59–61, 66–9, 70, 73, 77–8, Langland, William, Piers Plowman 135 100 Langley, Thomas 154 Magna Carta 167–8 Lanson, Gustave 25 Mandela, Nelson 151 Lanterne ofLight 130, 204 Manichaeism 173 Lavenham, Richard 176–80, 182 Manifeste des intellectuels (Zola) 25, 49 Le GoV, Jacques 34, 35–7, 39, 42, 48, 144 Mannheim, Karl 31, 33 Liber catonianis (Sex auctores) 80–2, 122 manuscripts liberal arts curriculum 75, 118 Cambridge: Trinity College B. 1. 38 (Glossed Libera, Alain de 35, 37–42 Gospels) 131 note, 139 note; University literacy instruction 15–18, 22, 122, 130–9 Library Dd. 14. 30 (2) (Lollard sermon) literal sense, general approaches to 51–4 127; University Library Kk. 2. 9 (Glossed and allegory 51, 70 Gospels) 131 note; Fitzwilliam Museum and childhood as a political category 1, 4, McClean 133 (Glossed Gospels) 131 note, 62–6, 73–8, 97–8, 120–4 134 note and children 61, 73–4, 78–88 Copenhagen, Kongelige Bibliotek Gl. Kgl. S. and early Christian hermeneutics 72 2015 4o (Ovid glosses) 81 and grammar schools of Rome 60–1; of Grenoble, Bibliothe`que publique 290 trecento Florence 85; of Oxford 116 (exegetical tract) 109 note and grammarians 56–9, 73 London, British Library: Additional 28026 and milk and meat imagery 72, 74–5, 78, (Glossed Gospels) 131 note, 137 note, 139 97–9, 103–5, 114 note; Additional 41175 (Glossed Gospels) and philosophers/hermeneutical mastery 131 note, 132–3, 136–7, 139 note; Cotton 61–2, 66–78, 89–97 Titus D. v (Lollard sermon) 128, 129; and satire 79–80 Egerton 2820 (Lollard sermon) 127, 129 and teaching of grammar and poetry 63–5, Munich: clm 14819 (Ovid glosses) 64 note; 78–85 clm 19475 (Ovid glosses) 64 note; clm and Victorine hermeneutics 89–94, 112 19480 (Ovid glosses) 64 note; literal sense of Scripture 47, 75 Oxford, Bodleian Library: Bodley 143 (Glossed and Arundel’s seventh Constitution prohibiting Gospels) 131 note, 138; Bodley 243 Bible translation 201–7 (Glossed Gospels) 131 note, 132; Douce 53 and ‘‘common sense’’ and ‘‘reason’’ in (William Taylor’s sermon) 152 note; Laud WycliYte thought 113 Misc. 235 (Glossed Gospels) 131 note, duplex sensus litteralis 102, 110 133–4, 138; e Musaeo 86 (Fasciculi faciunt–Wunt distinction 77, 108–11 zizaniorum) 176 note; Rawlinson C. 208 intentio auctoris 132, 138, 204 (Thorpe narrative in English) 197 in the high and late Middle Ages 99–100 Prague: Metropolitan Chapter Library D. 49 in Thorpe’s narrative 204–7 (Hussite materials) 191 note; Metropolitan in university hermeneutics 101–3, 106, 108, Chapter Library O. 29 (Thorpe narrative in

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manuscripts: Prague (cont.) primers 15–16, 134–5 Latin) 193 note; National Library iii.G. Proclus 5, 68–9 11 (Wyche’s letter) 152 note Prosper 95 San Marino, Huntington Library HM 503 Proust, Marcel 25 (Lollard sermon) 127 Prudentius 18 Vienna: O¨sterreichische Nationalbibliothek Pseudo-Boethius (De disciplina scolarium) 3936 (Thorpe narrative in Latin) 193 note, 115–18, 120, 122 197; O¨sterreichische Nationalbibliothek Pseudo-Chrysostom 131, 209–11 4133 (Ullterston treatise) 115 note Pseudo-Dionysius 72 York, York Minster xvi.D.2(Glossed Gospels) Purvey, John 43, 46, 47, 142, 147–8, 155 131 note libellus containing list of Purvey’s ‘‘errors’’ Map, Walter 111 176–80, 182, 193, 195, 199, 212 Marbod of Rennes 82 Pye, Hugh 9 McNiven, Peter 198 Meister Eckhart 39, 42 Quintilian 5, 51, 57, 62–5, 70, 73–4, 76, 78, memorization (teaching technique) 9–10, 15, 119, 120 17 quodlibetales 10 Merciless Parliament 154 modern resistance movements and pedagogy reading communities 9, 11, 214 20–2 secret schools (‘‘conventicles’’) 11–12 Moore, R. I. 141 and see adults, lay readers, and individual Mulhern, Francis 26 Lollard communities Repingdon, Philip 193, 212 Neckham, Alexander 79 Reynolds, Suzanne 80 Neoplatonism 51, 62, 66–71, 73, 74–8 rhetoricians and grammarians (Rome) 57 Netter, Thomas 4, 106–7 Richard de Bury (Philobiblon) 22–3 Neville, William 157 Robbins, Bruce 28–9 Ngugi wa Thiong’o 151 Robert de Courc¸on 37 Nietzsche, Friedrich 29–30 Rolle, Richard 13, 115 Norman, Roger 188 Roques, Mario 25 Norwich community of Lollards 9–11, 16, 214 Ross, Andrew 31–2, 33, 48 Nottingham, James 153 Rowley, Alice 16 Roxburgh, John de 153 Oldcastle, John 151, 153, 185, 187, 193 Rutebeuf 36 Oldcastle uprising 44, 46, 106, 187, 190 ‘‘Omnis plantacio quam plantavit Pater meus’’ Saro Wiwa, Ken 151 (Lollard sermon) 127–9 satire see under literal sense Opus arduum 142, 156–61, 194, 197, 200, 218 Savanarola, Girolamo 52 ordo legendi 81–2, 89–98 Sawtry, William 155, 171 Origen 7 schedulae 176–80, 182–3 Ovid 63–4, 81 schola grammatici (Roman) 60 schoolmaster (litterator)56 Palmer, Thomas 103–4 Sedulius 83, 95 Partridge, Peter 196 Seneca 58–60, 115–17 Patteshull, Peter 178 Shahar, Shulamith 23 Pauline epistles 143–4 Simon of Hinton 102 Payne, Peter 44–6, 192, 196, 200, 212 Simon of Tournai 109 Peasants’ uprising of 1381 153 Simpson, James 76–7 Pecock, Reginald 9–10 Sixteen Points on which the Bishops accuse Lollards Peter of Mladonˇovice 143 178–9 ‘‘Philip the Philosopher’’ 69–70 Skirlaw, Walter 4, 152–5, 161–6, 168–70, Piers the Plowman’s Creed 134–6 173–5, 179, 183–4 Plato 64, 66, 68, 73, 83 Smalley, Beryl 94–5, 102 Platonism 51 Smith, John 138, 139 Plutarch 5, 51, 64–5, 70, 73, 119 Smith, William 11, 13 Podhoretz, Norman 29 Snape, Martin 154 Pore Caitif 134 Somerset, Fiona 180

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Statius, Achilleid 79, 81 Villon, Franc¸ois 36 Stock, Brian 42 Virgil 59–61, 63, 70, 79, 81, 121 Strohm, Paul 119 Virley, Thomas 188 Stuckey, J. Elsbeth 20–1 Vincent of Beauvais 82–3, 122 Suetonius 56 von Waldstein, Woksa 151, 153, 185 Swinderby, William 9, 11, 108, 142, 156, 176, 207 Waldensians 14–15 Synod of Arras 171–4 Waleys, Thomas 102 Walsingham, Thomas 158, 178 Taylor, William 2–4, 7, 103, 114, 117, 123, Walter of England 81 201, 212–13 Watson, Nicholas 199 Theodolus 79, 95 Waytestathe, Richard 11 Thirty-Seven Conclusions ofthe Lollards 178 Wei, Ian 125 note Thoresby, William 115 Wheatley, William 116 Thorpe, William 43, 47–8, 141–9, 151, 154, Whitby, John 153 156, 161, 165, 171, 180, 191–219 White, Hayden 161 translatio studii 118 White, William 9, 200 translation, theories of 202–4 William of Conches 77–9 Trefnant, John 11, 108–11 William of Nottingham 102–3 Trevet, Nicholas 102, 116 Winchester community of Lollards 16, 214 Tristan 171 Woodford, William 103 Twelve Conclusions ofthe Lollards 178 Woods, Marjorie Curry 81 Tyndale, William 193 Wyche, Richard 46–7, 124, 141–5, 148–9, 151–6, 161–71, 173–80, 182–91, 194, Ullerston, Richard 103, 115–18, 202 199–200, 207, 211–13, 218 universities, medieval 35–47, 125–6, 152 and Wyclif, John 4, 43–5, 52, 100–1, 103, 106–7, note, 157, 180–3, 193, 195–8, 208–9, 112–14, 119, 186–7, 193, 195–6, 203 212–17 WycliYte Bible 13, 47, 52, 101, 110, 112, 114, Urban VI, Pope 157 124–6, 131, 137, 160, 203 Usk, Thomas 142–3 York, Robert 153 Valerius Maximus 83 Verger, Jacques 49 Zˇizˇek, Slavoj 201 vernacular bibles 5 note Zola, Emile 25, 49

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