STATE OF 2016

An Analysis of Life Science in Greater PREFACE

Life science in and has developed in different directions over the past decade. Danish life science exports doubled in seven years, and last year they were nearly 50% greater than Swedish. The number of employees has risen, and thanks to a well-developed system with industrial foundations, the large companies’ headquarters and major shareholders are still in Denmark. At the same time in Sweden, more large companies are now foreign-owned, the largest headquarters have left the country and more important operations have either shrunken in scale or closed down, and the number of employees in the sector has diminished. But there are signs of a change for the better in the university city Lund as well as in Södertälje, Stockholm and Uppsala, visible with for example new biotechnology companies, new research facilities and new investments in the R&D of biological medicines. It is part of a new phase in the life science sector’s global transition, and it is also perceptible in Denmark as the simultaneous reports of cutbacks and the hiring of new competence.

Medicon Valley Alliance is also in a transitional phase, with a new strategy that focuses more on our role as a networking organisation for the life science cluster on both sides of the Öresund. Part of our upgraded ambition is to increase knowledge about the compa- nies and research in Medicon Valley. This is the first edition of our new annual analytic report State of Medicon Valley, which offers a unique presentation of life science develop- ments in our region, on a macro- as well as a micro-scale. Measuring developments in a sector like life science is a challenge; there are no clearly defined statistical definitions for the sector, and there are also overlaps, which further increases the complexity. That makes this analysis more important than ever.

The analysis reveals that Greater Copenhagen has developed into the leading Nordic regi- on for life science in the past ten years. The majority of the Danish life science companies are located in the Region, and Medicon Valley overshadows the other Nordic countries when it comes to the number of international patent applications for life science. On the STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY 2016 other side of the Strait in the Skåne region, a new beacon is being erected with the new materials research facilities ESS and MAX IV, which will become an important resource An Analysis of Life Science in Greater Copenhagen for the Region’s life science companies. There is also fertile ground for new companies in the Region’s many established and emerging science parks such as COBIS, Scion DTU, Commissioned and published by: . Symbion, Medeon, Medicon Village and Ideon. This analysis has been prepared by Øresundsinstituttet and was written by Britt Andresen, Johan Wessman, Jenny Andersson, State of Medicon Valley 2016 is the first of a long-term analysis collaboration between Anna Palmehag and Thea Wiborg. Layout: Jenny Andersson. Medicon Valley Alliance and Øresundsinstituttet. The analysis will be released every year, Cover photo: Genmab and each year will bring an in-depth investigation of a new topic. Special reports are plan- ned for release throughout the year. The analysis is part of an open process, where you – the sector’s players – are welcome to contribute with your points of view and reflections. November 2016 Copenhagen and Malmö 7 November 2016

Petter Hartman CEO Medicon Valley Alliance PHOTO: BAVARIAN NORDIC BAVARIAN PHOTO: TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. SUMMARY ...... 6

2. LIFE SCIENCE IN SWEDEN AND DENMARK ...... 10

3. LIFE SCIENCE IN MEDICON VALLEY ...... 24

4. THE BEACONS OF MEDICON VALLEY ...... 32

5. NEW COMPANIES IN MEDICON VALLEY ...... 46

6. BENCHMARK OF RESEARCH QUALITY ...... 52

7. ATTRACTING AND KEEPING TALENT ...... 64

8. ANALYSIS ...... 72

9. APPENDIX ...... 88 - STATISTICS AND METHODOLOGY ...... 89 - INTERVIEW LIST...... 92 - LARGER MEETINGS AND CONFERENCES ...... 93 - REPORTS AND FACTS ...... 94 - ORGANISATIONS ...... 96 - REFERENCE LIST ...... 98 PHOTO: BAVARIAN NORDIC BAVARIAN PHOTO: SUMMARY

35 700 NEWS ØRESUND PHOTO: was the number of employees at life science companies in Medicon Valley in LUNDBECK PHOTO: 2014. That is equal to 53% of the total number of employees in the life science industry in Denmark and Sweden. The number of employees has increased by 4% since 2008. Novo Nordisk was Medicon Valley’s tallest beacon with its almost 40 000 employees in December of 2015. In the same year, plans 124 500 employees in were made for several billion-crown invest- the health care sector ments in new facilities. Recently however, the company announced that it was no The health care sector in the Greater longer hiring, later cutting 1 000 jobs, 500 of Copenhagen Region employs 124 500 which were in Denmark. people, some 85 000 of whom are in Eastern Denmark. That means that TRANSITION TIME close to 160 000 people in the region work within life science and health FOR MEDICON VALLEY care. In addition to those are resear-

chers at the region’s universities. 50% In the past 10-15 years, Medicon Valley has grown to be the Danish life science exports are nearly 50% strongest Nordic life science cluster. There have been succes- greater than Swedish. Danish pharmaceu- ses for the four big pharmaceutical companies Novo Nordisk, tical exports and health technology will H. Lundbeck, Ferring and LEO Pharma, and there is a new surpass agricultural exports in a few years. wave of biotech companies that emerged around the turn of the millennium. During the financial crisis, pharma companies continued to grow with Novo Nordisk at the forefront, and the – The conditions, with high tax rates and over- biotech wave temporarily lost its power. PHOTO: NEWS ØRESUND PHOTO: head costs are miserable. No-one would start Medicon Valley is now in a period of transition. Novo Nordisk a pharmaceutical company in Denmark today, is confronting more price pressure in the USA with staff cut- says Kåre Schultz, CEO of Lundbeck and chair- backs, while last year the company also decided to make a number of billion-crown investments. H. Lundbeck is rising from man of the Danish government’s life science a dip with a renewed patent portfolio. LEO Pharma is letting off growth team. See interview on page 78. 400 and hiring 200 to adjust competence to the new biological medicines, and the company is investing in an innovation lab in the USA where the interface between pharmaceuticals and 22 billion Swedish crowns are apps for medicine use are being developed. On the shore of the Öresund, next to Copenhagen’s international airport in Kastrup, being invested in ESS and MAX IV 2x Ferring Pharmaceuticals is setting its roots around the Öresund Medicon Valley is on top in with a billion-crown investment in the new research facility faci- Medicon Valley is getting a new beacon – the two facilities Denmark and Sweden, submit- lity Soundport. The region’s science parks continue to grow and for materials research MAX IV and ESS in Lund, with ESS’ ting the greatest number the new biotech companies have also picked up growth again. data management centre in Copenhagen. The facilities of patent applications to EPO And the regions new beacon is rising in Lund: the materials will improve the balance within Medicon Valley; and with more than two times as research facilities MAX IV and European Spallation Source, ESS. dominates industrially, but Lund is growing into a centre many patent applications than for the natural sciences. Stockholm-Uppsala region.

STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 7 SUMMARY SUMMARY

Things are going well for Danish life science. Not so making cutbacks. Cost-consciousness has definitely research in the natural sciences as main purpose. with ESS’ data management centre in Copenhagen. for Swedish life science. That has been the general reached the life science sector. Zealand is significantly larger than Skåne if the Interestingly, there are Danish investments in both picture of life science in the two countries for the past One area that is often unduly neglected is municipalities around Copenhagen are included. research facilities that are clearly linked to the pos- ten years. Novo Nordisk’s enormous successes during health technology – an area in which there are a However, a powerful rebalancing lies ahead with the sibility of performing advanced life science research the last decade and the shortcomings of AstraZene- number of successful beacon companies on both investment of 22 billion crowns in the new mate- and thereby develop Medicon Valley’s spearheading ca and Pharmacia in Sweden offer an explanation sides of the Öresund Strait. In the Copenhagen rials research facilities MAX IV and ESS in Lund, products for the future. for many of the differences in the developments in area there are three large and successful hearing aid the two countries. Danish life science exports have manufacturers, and together they hold a domina- doubled in seven years, and they are now almost ting position in the global market. In Region Skå- 50% greater than Swedish exports. But now Swedish ne and around Gothenburg, there are a number of LIFE SCIENCE DEFINTION exports are also on the rise. health technology companies that have created a strong position for themselves with a combination Life science can be defined as a life science cluster, life industries, as well as the This is one of the first indications that Swedish of Swedish industrial know-how and life science the study of living organisms science is perceived in a bro- academic institutions con- life science is on the verge of a transitional period research at the universities. (including microorganisms, ader context. It includes the ducting research within life with positive overtones. Among these are new and plants, animals and human pharmaceutical, biotechnolo- science and hospitals treating substantial investments in the Another indication that we are beings), but when describing gical and medical technology patients in the clinic. manufacturing of biological ”The small, innovative in a period of transition is to medicines. Not everything is companies of our time be found in the large as well as positive, however. If we look the small. The small, innova- at the research aspect, we noti- are gathering more tive companies of our time ce that the number of patents and more in Medicon are gathering more and more from Swedish life science in Medicon Valley’s six large companies has dropped by Valley’s six large sci- science parks, which one could ESS ILLUSTRATION: half between 2005-2012. The ence parks, which one call modern-day big businesses. number of Danish life science Since 2009, the region has gai- patents is also decreasing after could call modern-day ned two new science parks that an all-time high in 2005. big businesses.” focus on life science: COBIS in Copenhagen and Medicon There is another change with negative overtones: Village in Lund. Altogether there are about 4 the Danish engine for progress, Novo Nordisk, 500 people working in life science at the various has been forced to reduce its workforce by 1 000 companies that rent space at the region’s six sci- people, 500 of them in Denmark. ence parks. These geographical clusters of many As a result of the pressure on prices in the USA, small businesses cannot replace big businesses, Novo Nordisk also has had to lower the bar for however; this is one lesson learned from the diffe- its long-term financial goals and heighten cost rences between Denmark and Sweden’s develop- consciousness. Last year’s announcement that a ment. Sweden’s life science industry is hampered number of new billion-crown investments in new by the lack of large businesses. Small businesses and expanded facilities demonstrates continued are responsible for many of the innovations of confidence in the future, but the company’s role as our time, but with few products and the early an engine for progress as regards personnel is not research necessary, the stakes are often high, and as much of a given in the future. This in turn has smaller companies often lack the brawn to enter an effect on Medicon Valley. the world’s largest market in the USA.

At the same time, some Danish companies are con- It is apparent that a transitional period is upon us in tinuing their expansion; Ferring is putting billions the field of natural science research. When it comes into the new research facility Soundport by Kastrup, to research in the natural sciences, Medicon Valley which will accommodate 50% more employees is the Scandinavian centre with 49% of the research than the current facility in Ørestad. Coloplast’s new capacity in pure research companies external to The new materials research strategy Lead20 talks of global growth and 3 000 the hospitals and universities. The balance between facilities MAX IV and ESS new employees by 2020. H. Lundbeck carried out a the Danish and Swedish sides of Medicon Valley is in Lund. generational shift in its patent portfolio and is on its more equal here, where Lund is the largest muni- way out of a dip. Of course, there are also companies cipality with 4 300 employees in companies with

8 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 9 LIFE SCIENCE IN SWEDEN AND DENMARK PHOTO: GENMAB PHOTO:

Power relations in Danish and Swedish life science have changed over the past 10 years; Danish life science exports and employment have surpassed their Swedish counterparts. In 2014, 52% of all employees in the life science industry in the two Nordic countries were employed in Denmark.

• Danish life science centre in the period from their number of employees exports are almost 50% 2008-2014, employing a by 33% in the period from greater than Swedish life total of 53% of those in 2008-2014 in Sweden, science exports. the life science sector in whilst in Denmark, 6% Denmark and Sweden. more were employed in the • Danish pharmaceutical same period. exports and health techno- • An ever-increasing num- logy will exceed agricultu- ber of employees in the life • Medicon Valley is also the ral exports in a few years. science sector are highly Scandinavian centre for com- trained. In 2014, people mercial research in the natu- • Denmark is the fourth lar- with higher education made ral sciences. A total of 49% gest exporter of life science up 29% of those employed of all the Danish-Swedish products per capita, while in life science in Denmark natural science research Sweden is the tenth largest. and 40% in Sweden. capacity– outside of hospitals, universities and life science • Medicon Valley has re- • The companies with production companies – can inforced its position as the research in natural sciences be found in Medicon Valley. Scandinavian life science as main purpose reduced

USA EXPORTS BOOST DANISH LIFE SCIENCE

The American market is the dividing-line between Danish and Swedish product exports within the life science industry. Advancements in the US have been an important factor in the doubling of Danish life science exports in only seven years. Last year, Danish life science exports to the USA went up to 26 billion Danish crowns; this can be compared to the Swedish exports, which were the equivalent of 10 billion Danish crowns. Denmark is the world’s fourth largest exporter of life science products per capita. LIFE SCIENCE IN SWEDEN The global pharmaceuticals (medicines) market is a its adoption in 2010, the Patient Protection and 1.1 trillion USD industry in 2015 and is expected Affordable Care Act, better known as Obamacare, AND DENMARK: to reach 1.4 trillion USD in 2020 – that is an has reformed the American health care sector, almost 30% increase from 2015. The United States and has been a contributing factor in increasing Key figures and trends is unquestionably the largest pharmaceuticals mar- medicine sales in the US. Formerly, the American ket, accounting for 40% of global sales. Per capita market was distinctive in that prices were not spending on medicine rose by 27% from 2006 to negotiated between distributors and manufactu- 2015 if calculated according to the prices paid to rers, as they are in Europe. The developments in distributors, but only 9.5% if calculated accor- the USA have affected companies differently. The ding to the net amount, including discounts; i.e. three largest PBMs cover 75% of insured Ameri- the amount that goes to the manufacturers. Since cans. In Novo Nordisk’s semi-annual report for the

STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 11 LIFE SCIENCE IN SWEDEN AND DENMARK LIFE SCIENCE IN SWEDEN AND DENMARK

SALES AND MARKET SHARES DENMARK THE FOURTH LARGEST 13% under Swedish exports in 2008, Danish life EXPORTER OF LIFE SCIENCE PRO- science exports are now almost 50% greater than the Swedish. DUCTS, MEASURED IN EXPORT PER United Germany Russia Kingdom 53 b USD 25 b USD CAPITA Overall, life science exports have comprised 38 b USD DK 2.1% DK 0.3% nearly all of the growth in exports in the period Canada DK 1.4% SE 2.8% SE 0.2% Export per Percentage of 21 b USD SE 1.5% capita, USD global life sci- 2008-2015, both in Denmark and in Sweden. DK 0.8% Country ence export The financial crisis caused a violent drop in global SE 1.1% France China Ireland 8 504 6.2% trading, and the result of the global recession 45 b USD 87 b USD United DK 1.0% DK 1.2% Switzerland 8 363 10.8% that followed has been a moderate annual growth States SE 1.0% SE 1.0% of 0.1% in both Danish and Swedish exports 347 b USD Japan Belgium 4 664 8.3% 113 b USD without the inclusion of life science. If life scien- DK 1.1% Spain Italy India South DK 0.5% Denmark 2 410 2.2% ce exports are included, the picture is a different SE 0.4% 32 b USD 29 b USD 15 b USD Korea SE 0.4% DK 1.0% DK 1.2% DK 0.6% 15 b USD Singapore 1 976 1.7% one: the annual growth in Danish exports is Mexico DK 0.6% SE 0.6% SE 0.7% SE 0.1% Netherlands 1 936 5.2% 1.2%, and the Swedish is 0.2%. 13 b USD SE 0.3% DK 0.5% Slovenia 1 316 0.4% SE 0.5% Danish life science exports are well on their way to Brasil World Market Austria 1 166 1.6% 27 b USD Australia surpassing exports of food and beverages and beco- 1.088 b USD 13 b USD > 50 b USD DK 0.9% Germany 1 084 13.9% ming Denmark’s most important export business. DK 1.2% DK 1.0% SE 0.3% Life science exports made up 94% of exports of 25–50 b USD SE 0.9% SE 2.5% Sweden 955 1.5% < 25 b USD food and beverages in 2015, and if the trend conti- Source: UN Comtrade nues, it will surpass them in a few years.

in five Americans is overweight and therefore at an Denmark is the fourth largest exporter of life Source: IMS Institute for Healthcare Informatics and UN Comtrade database increased risk for developing diabetes. However, science products per capita. Germany, the USA LEO Pharma for example also sells well in the USA and Switzerland are – in that order – the world’s with their gel for solar keratosis. largest exporters of life science products. However, ABOUT THE FIGURES It should be noted though that export statistics when the countries’ sizes are taken into account, the do not present a complete picture; as in many other leading life science exporters per capita are Ireland, The figures for the global pharmaceuticals market mably because secrecy protects the figures for a sectors, manufacturing is increasingly being establis- Switzerland, and Belgium, with Denmark firmly are the amounts invoiced to pharmacies and hospi- large portion of Danish exports. hed on various local markets. In August 2015, Novo in fourth place, and Sweden as the tenth largest tals by distributers. Those amounts are not equiva- The Danish and Swedish life science sectors’ lent to the amounts that manufacturers of pharma- exports are calculated as the export of Medicinal Nordisk announced plans to invest 13.6 billion exporter. Overall, Danish life science exports make ceuticals receive for their products; discounts and and pharmaceutical products (SITC 54), as well as Danish crowns in two new factories, the larger of up 2.2% of total global life science exports, while other price agreements are not included. Instruments and appliances, n.e.s., for medical, which was to be in North Carolina, USA, where the the Swedish make up 1.5%. American life scien- The source for this information is the IMS Institu- surgical, dental or veterinary purposes (SITC 87.2). company already has facilities. Other examples are ce companies’ largest market is domestic, which te for Healthcare Informatics. The source for the The SITC classification is the UN’s classification the hearing aid manufacturers Oticon and Widex, pushes the USA off of the list of leading life science global market export is the UN Comtrade database. system for goods (Standard International Trade which have moved production from Denmark to exporters per capita. The same holds true for the The Danish figures however have been retrieved Classification). The sources are the foreign trade Poland and Estonia, respectively. leading European life science manufacturers Great from Statistics Denmark, since figures available on statistics from Statistics Denmark and Statistics Britain and France, while Germany comes in as the the UN Comtrade database were incorrect, presu- Sweden, respectively. In 2015, Danish life science exports to China were ninth largest exporter per capita. According to the worth 7 billion Danish crowns, whilst goods expor- CEO of H. Lundbeck Kåre Schultz, the reason that ted by the Swedish life science sector to China were Danish life science companies and Danish exports first half of 2016, there is talk of intensified price Danish life science companies have a far better hold worth a total of 5.7 billion Danish crowns. The have developed significantly better than their competition, whilst the CEO of H. Lundbeck on the American and Chinese markets than the Chinese market comprises more than half of the Swedish counterparts are differences in ownership Kåre Schultz reports that they have not noticed Swedish do. In 2015, Danish life science exported growth in Swedish life science exports. The value of models (see the interview on page 78). anything but perfectly normal price discussions. goods worth a total of 26 billion Danish crowns the exports to the Chinese market have risen almost – Foundation ownership means that the com- From a global perspective, the USA, China, Japan to the USA, and Swedish life science exported for as much in Denmark as in Sweden. panies are still in Denmark, while the big Swedish and Germany are the four largest markets for the the equivalent of 10 billion Danish crowns. The The large increase in sales in the US is a companies have been sold off, he explains. sale of pharmaceuticals and health technology. Of American market for life science products represents significant reason for the doubling of Danish The owner of Ferring, Frederik Paulsen, offered these countries, the USA, Germany and China 13% of the growth in Swedish life science exports, life science export during a period of seven years the same explanation in an interview with the Øre- top the list – in that order – of the largest markets but 41% of growth in the export of Danish life from 2008-2015, amounting to an annual growth sund Institute in 2011. of Danish and Swedish life science exports, whilst science products. The American market plays a vital of 10.4%. In the same period, Swedish life sci- – I remember how Sweden had an incredibly Japan is among the ten largest. role for Novo Nordisk’s insulin products, since one ence exports increased by 2.6% annually. From strong pharmaceutical industry in the 1980s and

12 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 13 LIFE SCIENCE IN SWEDEN AND DENMARK LIFE SCIENCE IN SWEDEN AND DENMARK was a global leader in many fields. In Sweden with British Zeneca, who closed the research facility in DANISH LIFE SCIENCE EXPORT DOUBLED IN people would laugh at the Danish pharmaceutical Lund and cut back operations in Södertälje. SEVEN YEARS companies that were owned by foundations and 10.4% couldn’t develop as strongly as Astra and Pharma- According to the Swedish Professor of Economy Bo cia, which are listed on the stock market. Carlsson at the Weatherhead School of Management Value of exports of medical and pharmaceutical products and medical annual growth Frederik Paulsen pointed out how the Danish in Ohio, small life science companies believe that instruments, apparatuses etc in millions (DKK) in Danish life science exports. foundation-owned companies were able to grow in it would require too great of an effort to penetrate 100 000 the long term instead. the American market and thus often concentrate on This corresponds to a doubling in – Look at the situation today. The Swedish Europe first; see the interview on page 83. 90 000 seven years. In pharmaceutical industry is almost wiped out. the same period, Novo Nordisk had a few tough years but was able One explanation for Denmark’s success being so Swedish life to come out of that in one piece because their much greater than Sweden’s in the world’s largest 80 000 Denmark science exports ownership is stable. I really admire Novo Nordisk. pharmaceuticals market – the USA – might be that have risen by 2.6 Pharmacia is no longer in Sweden since the compa- the large companies are still in Denmark, while the % annually. ny was bought up by Pfizer in 2002, and Astra merged Swedish companies have been sold off. 70 000 Sweden

60 000 THE PRINCIPAL EXPORT MARKETS THE PRINCIPAL EXPORT MARKETS FOR DANISH LIFE SCIENCE FOR SWEDISH LIFE SCIENCE 50 000

Exports in Annual Exports in Annual NORDIC BAVARIAN PHOTO: millions (DKK) growth millions (DKK) growth 40 000 2015 08-15 2015 08-15 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 USA 26 032 20% USA 10 032 3% Source: Statistics Denmark and SCB/Statistics Sweden Germany 7 587 9% Germany 9 911 7% China 6 971 30% China 5 657 33% Sweden 4 557 2% Great Britain and Northern 3 735 5% Ireland Japan 3 677 5% DANISH LIFE SCIENCE EXPORT NEARLY EQUAL Norway 3 155 1% Great Britain 3 484 8% France 3 025 -7% TO EXPORTS OF FOOD AND BEVERAGES France and Monaco 2 866 -1% Japan 2 795 22% Norway 2 236 11% Exports of medical and pharmaceutical products and medical instru- Australia 2 119 -1% Italy 2 235 6% ments, apparatuses etc in millions (DKK) Finland 2 046 -1% Finland 2 170 6% Denmark 1 712 -3% 18% Source: Statistics Denmark Source: SCB/Statistics Sweden 16% 94%

14% of the value of food and be- 12% verage exports MEDICON VALLEY correspond 10% to life scien- Medicon Valley is the bi-national life ce exports in 8% science cluster spanning the island of 2015. In a few Denmark Zealand in Eastern Denmark and the Skå- 6% years, life sci- Greater Copenhagen ne-region of Southern Sweden. Today, the ence exports Danish-Swedish region is marketed inter- 4% Sweden will surpass nationally with the name ‘Greater Copen- exports of food 2% hagen’, and its increasing population has Danish export of food and beverages, and beverages almost reached four million residents. In 0% if the trend Sweden, the same geographical area is 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 continues. often called the ‘Öresund Region’. Source: Statistics Denmark and SCB/Statistics Sweden

14 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 15 LIFE SCIENCE IN SWEDEN AND DENMARK LIFE SCIENCE IN SWEDEN AND DENMARK

Måløv in Denmark, at the same time as plans were of 3 123 new jobs were created in the life science being made for an addition to the company’s large sector between 2008-2014, which corresponds to manufacturing facility in Kalundborg (DK). And last an average annual employment growth of 1.6 %.

PHOTO: COLOPLAST PHOTO: year, their subsidiary Novozymes decided to build a new research centre in Lyngby (DK) with space for Medicon Valley has strengthened its position as 800 employees and the possibility for expansion for 2 the Scandinavian life science centre in the period 500 employees in an area otherwise known primarily from 2008-2014. Medicon Valley employs a total for the Technical University of Denmark, DTU. In of 53% of those in the Danish-Swedish life science the autumn of 2016, the phar- sector; this is more than twice maceutical company Ferring ”In Denmark and as many as the second-largest announced that it was investing Sweden, those with Scandinavian life science cluster, billions in a new research faci- Stockholm-Uppsala region whe- lity, Soundport, which is being a higher education re 23 % of the Danish-Swedish built on the Öresund Strait, not increasingly tend to life science sector was employed far from in 2014. Between 2008-2014, in Kastrup. There will be space make up a larger Stockholm-Uppsala region lost for 750 employees there; i.e. part of the employ- ca. one in five jobs (-18%), 50% more than those accom- whilst the life science companies modated in the current facilities ment force.” in Medicon Valley saw a 4% in Ørestad, which will no longer be used after the increase in employees. Medicon Valley is the only move to Soundport in 2019. area in Denmark and Sweden where the number of employees has increased steadily in the same period. In both Denmark and Sweden, the life science sector The rest of the two countries have seen a fall in has developed in the opposite direction to other employment or moderate growth. employment. Despite rising employment rates in Denmark in recent years, the total employment has The creation of jobs in the life science sector has bene- EMPLOYMENT DEVELOPMENT - A MEDICON yet to reach pre-crisis levels from 2008; however, fitted those with a higher education. Between 2008- employment within the life science sector has risen 2014, there was a net increase of 3 205 jobs for people VALLEY STRENGTH by 10% in the same period. In Sweden, total employ- with higher education or research training, whilst ment has risen by 5% compared to 2008, whilst there were 82 fewer jobs for those with a lower level employment in the Swedish life science sector fell by of education. These figures encompass large regional The balance of power between Danish and Swedish Behind the falling Swedish life science employment 15% in the six years from 2008 to 2014. differences, however; while 454 positions were created life science has changed over the past ten years. are global cutbacks at the pharmaceutical giant Astra for people without a higher education (manufacturing Both Danish life science exports and employments Zeneca, which have resulted in the closure of the Life science is the only industry in Denmark to positions) in the Capital Region of Denmark, 536 have surpassed their Swedish counterparts. In 2014, research facility in Lund and cutbacks at GE Healt- generate new jobs between 2008 and 2014. A total positions were eliminated elsewhere in Denmark. 52% of those employed in the life science industry hcare BioSciences and Pharmacia. Astra Zeneca’s in the two Nordic countries were employed in Den- investment of 2.3 billion Swedish crowns in a new mark. A total of 34 797 are employed in the Danish facility for the manufacturing of biological medicines life science industry, while 32 007 are employed in Södertälje, slated for completion in 2018, is seen in Sweden (2014). Back in 2008, the Swedish life as a sign that employment rates in the sector have science industry had a much better position, and now bottomed out and will soon begin to rise again. 53% 4% 34% employment was more or less equally distributed, but with a slight Swedish dominance. In Denmark, media focus has shifted from progress of those employed in more have been of those employed at to hardships after September 2016, when Novo the Danish-Swedish employed by life life science companies life science sector are science companies in the Capital Region The number of employees in Danish life scien- Nordisk announced that they would be cutting employed in Medicon in Medicon Valley of Denmark have a ce companies has risen by 10% in the period 1 000 jobs due to pressures on prices in the USA, Valley. That is more between 2008-2014, higher education or from 2008-2014, while the number of jobs in 500 of which were in Denmark. Since 2015, a series than double the number while Stockholm-Upp- research training. the Swedish life science industry fell by 15% in of decisions have also been made regarding conti- employed at Scandina- sala region has lost the same period. The fall in employment within nued expansion. In 2015, Novo Nordisk decided to via’s second-largest life about one in five jobs Swedish life science companies of 5 702 jobs is so invest 2.1 billion Danish crowns in a new factory in science cluster Stock- (-18%). large that it cannot be made up for by the substan- Hillerød, 500 million in a new Danish central depot holm-Uppsala region. tial increase of 3 123 jobs in Denmark. All in all, for raw materials in Hillerød, 13.6 billion crowns in Danish-Swedish life science has lost 2 579 jobs. a factory in North Carolina, USA, and a factory in

16 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 17 LIFE SCIENCE IN SWEDEN AND DENMARK LIFE SCIENCE IN SWEDEN AND DENMARK

There is a significant difference in the distribution of responding figures for Swedish life science are 40% EMPLOYMENT DISTRIBUTED BY REGION IN DENMARK AND SWEDEN employees in the Capital Region of Denmark and the in 2014 and 36% in 2008. rest of the country. In the Capital Region, 34% of employees have higher education or research training; The larger percentage of highly educated people Rest of Sweden in the rest of Denmark, manufacturing positions and in the life science industry can be explained by the Oslo other positions that do not require a minimum higher fact that many manufacturing positions have been 4 627 education are far more common. Only 10% of those moved abroad, whilst companies have concentrated Stockholm- employed in life science companies in western Den- their Nordic activities on research and development. Uppsala region mark have completed a higher education, compared to One example is Ferring, who closed its production 15 588 Stockholm 16% in . facility in Vanløse, Copenhagen in 2008 and moved production to the Czech Republic and Switzerland. The drop in employment within Swedish life It appears that this tendency will continue; for science has hit those without a higher education example, in August 2016 William Demant Holding hardest. In Sweden as well as in Denmark, there is a (Oticon) announced that the company’s hearing aid Västra general tendency for those with a higher education production would move from Thisted in Jutland Götaland to increasingly make up more of the workforce. to Poland within the next two years. Shortly before 6 822 Gothenburg In 2014, those with a higher education comprised that, Oticon’s competitor Widex had announced 29% of the people employed in Danish life science, that 400-500 Danish jobs would disappear when which was an increase from 21% in 2008. The cor- the company’s production was moved to Estonia.

LIFE SCIENCE EMPLOYMENT Breaking the ground for Ferring’s new rese- Capital Region 39 000 arch centre Soundport in September. of Denmark 38 000 Rest of Denmark 25 431

37 000 NEWS ØRESUND PHOTO: 36 000 4 083 35 000 Skåne 34 000 4 970 33 000 Copenhagen 32 000 31 000 Region Malmö 30 000 Zealand 29 000 5 283 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Sweden Denmark

Source: Statistics Denmark and Statistics Sweden Source: Statistics Denmark and Statistics Sweden EMPLOYMENT AND CHANGE OVER TIME

2014 Annual change 2008-14 Change 2008-14 ABOUT THE FIGURES Denmark 34 797 1.6% 10% – Capital Region of Denmark 25 431 2.3% 15% This section will present statistics for the core area of both of which are based on and correspond to the life science, the manufacturing sectors: 21 Pharma- European industry classification NACE. Other industry – Region Zealand 5 283 0.2% 1% ceuticals, 26.60.10 Manufacture of hearing aids and subdivisions of the life science sector cannot be ex- – Denmark, rest of 4 083 -1.0% -6% supplies, 26.60.90 Manufacture of irradiation, electro- tracted as they are placed within service sectors such Sweden 32 007 -2.7% -15% medical and electrotherapeutic equipment, 32.50.00 as business services, which covers a significantly – Skåne 4 970 -5.4% -28% Manufacture of medical and dental instruments and broader area than life science. The advantage of using supplies and 46.46.10 Wholesale of pharmaceutical the narrow definition of the sector is that it becomes – Stockholm-Uppsala region 15 588 -3.3% -18% and nursing goods. The sources are the Register-ba- possible to trace the industry’s development over – Västra Götaland 6 822 0.4% 2% sed Labour Force Statistics in Denmark (RAS) and in time, as well as to make European and international – Sweden, rest of 4 627 -1.5% -9% Sweden (RAMS). Statistics Denmark and Statistics comparisons. The disadvantage is that the life science Sweden utilise industry coding (DB07) and (SNI2007), industry is not shown in its entirety. Medicon Valley 35 684 0.7% 4% Source: Statistics Denmark and Statistics Sweden

18 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 19 LIFE SCIENCE IN SWEDEN AND DENMARK LIFE SCIENCE IN SWEDEN AND DENMARK PHOTO: NEWS ØRESUND PHOTO:

Life science is an important area of research at the newly opened materials research facility MAX IV in Lund.

EMPLOYEES IN COMMERCIAL RESEARCH arch than biotechnology. Companies with research PRODUCTIVITY HOURLY PRODUCTIVITY IN THE in natural sciences as main purpose reduced their PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY National statistics do not place pure research compa- number of employees by 33% between 2008-2014 The pharmaceutical industry is one of the most nies in the same industry categories as pharmaceuti- in Sweden, whilst in Denmark, 6% more people highly productive industries. The hourly produc- 1 600 cal manufacturers and medical technology compa- became employed in such companies. tivity measured as gross valued added per hour nies. Research companies are categorised with other of labour in the Danish pharmaceutical industry 1 400 scientific research, and it is impossible to determine When it comes to business research in the natural and the sum of the pharmaceutical industry and 1 200 Danish economy whether the businesses perform research within life sciences, Medicon Valley is the Scandinavian hub. chemical industry in Sweden is almost three times 1 000 science or other scientific research. As research is an A total of 15 000 (2014) people were employed higher than the general economic productivity. Danish pharmaceutical industry integral element, data is presented for the number of in companies with scientific research as main pur- Productivity growth is the single-most powerful 800 employees in businesses whose primary purpose is pose in Medicon Valley, which is equal to 46% factor when it comes to increasing economic 600 Svensk economy scientific research in natural sciences. of all of those in non-academic Danish-Swedish growth. With an increase in productivity between natural scientific research external to universi- 400 2008-2013/14, the pharmaceutical industry has Swedish manufacture of chemicals Companies with research in the natural sciences ties and the hospitals. The Stockholm-Uppsala made a positive contribution to increasing eco- 200 and chemical products, basic pharmaceutical products and medicines as main purpose provide employment for 15 000 region employs 7 400 people (2014). However, nomic growth and thus also economic prosperity. 0 people in Denmark and 17 600 in Sweden (2014). the number of employees in commercial research Hourly productivity in the Danish pharmaceutical 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 This includes basic research, applied research and in the natural sciences fell 5% in Medicon Valley industry rose by 50% between 2008-2014, and experimental development, but does not inclu- between 2008 and 2014, negatively affected by 44% in the Swedish pharmaceutical and chemical Source: Statistics Denmark and SCB/Statistics Sweden de research performed as an integrated part of developments in Skåne. The loss of jobs in com- industries between 2008-2013. hospitals’ activities, at universities or in life science mercial natural science research was significantly production companies. The majority (87% in lower than it was in the Stockholm-Uppsala Denmark and 95% in Sweden) are employed in region, which lost 37% of their employees in the other companies performing natural scientific rese- sector in the same period. ABOUT THE FIGURES Hourly productivity measures the GVA per hour of too high as regards the level of detail on which labour. It is not possible to retrieve statistics for national accounts are calculated. It is possible ABOUT THE FIGURES gross value added for the sectors 26.60.10 Ma- to retrieve statistics for the pharmaceuticals nufacture of hearing aids and supplies, 26.60.90 industry in the Danish national accounts, whilst Scientific research companies are defined Development in Natural Sciences and Engi- Manufacture of irradiation, electromedical and the pharmaceuticals industry in Sweden is not with the industry codes 72.11 Research and neering. The sources are the Register-based electrotherapeutic equipment and 32.50.00 calculated separately, but rather in conjunction Experimental Development in Biotechnology Labour Force Statistics in Denmark (RAS) and Manufacture of medical and dental instruments with the chemicals industry for reasons of confi- and 72.19 Other Research and Experimental Sweden (RAMS). and supplies, as the level of detail for these is dentiality in the Swedish national accounts.

20 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 21 LIFE SCIENCE IN SWEDEN AND DENMARK LIFE SCIENCE IN SWEDEN AND DENMARK

EPO between from 2008-2015 are responsible has dropped drastically from 2008 until today. In Most patent applications were from Medicon Valley for almost half of the total number of Danish and 2015, these figures were less than one-tenth of that Swedish patent applications. The five companies – 26. In the same period in 2015, Novozymes had In 2012, Medicon Valley filed more than double as The number of Danish life science patent appli- with the most patents applications to EPO in the 84 patent applications published in Europe, but many patent applications to the EPO within med- cations to EPO exceeded the amount of Swedish period 2008-2015 are Astra Zeneca, Novozymes, significantly more in the USA – 131. ical or veterinary science than the Stockholm-Upp- life science patent applications for the first time Novo Nordisk, Coloplast and H. Lundbeck. sala region (by priority date). Leading life science in 2012. Here, 2012 is the priority date, i.e. the Astra Zeneca applied for the overall greatest num- companies as Novozymes and Novo Nordisk are year for the patent application to the national ber of patents, but the number of patent applica- PUBLISHED LIFE SCIENCE PATENT among the 25 top applicants to EPO – Novo patent office, which precedes an application to tions from the Swedish division of Astra Zeneca APPLICATIONS TO EPO, 2015 Nordisk in the categories medical technology, bio- EPO. 2012 is the latest year for which statistics technology and pharmaceuticals, and Novozymes by priority date are available. Sweden, rest of 9% in biotechnology. The only life science company The number of Danish and Swedish life science TOP 5 PATENT APPLICANTS IN LIFE Denmark, rest of with activity in Sweden on the top 25 list is Astra patent applications to EPO hit an all-time high in 7% Zeneca, but its presence owes 2005 with respectively 438 and SCIENCE FROM DENMARK AND SWEDEN, 2008-15 to research activity in other ”The data confirms 662 applications, according to Västra countries than Sweden. OECD’s Patent Statistics. Since Astra Zeneca, Sweden only Götaland Medicon Valley our experience that then, the number of Danish 13% 49% Novozymes The number of patent Medicon Valley is the applications has fallen 21% and Stockholm- applications to the European the Swedish 50%. Patents appli- Novo Nordisk A/S Uppsala region leading life science 22% Patent Office (EPO) for life cations from other large Euro- Neurosearch A/S science (medical technology, hub in Scandina- pean life science nations such as H. Lundbeck biotechnology and phar- Switzerland and Germany have via and one of the Source: European Patent Office and United States Patent and maceuticals) rose by 12% decreased 20% respective 15% in Source: Eurostat leading life science the same period. Trademark Organization, from excerpts from the Danish Patent between 2008 and 2015; this and Trademark Office is measured by publication hubs in Europe.” date, which is 18 months Medicon Valley is leading after the filing of the national application. Medical in Denmark and Sweden with the overall hig- DANISH AND SWEDISH LIFE SCIENCE PATENT APPLICATIONS IN EUROPE technology is the patent category for which most hest number of patent applications to the EPO applications were filed (12 474) to the EPO in within medical or veterinary science , and more 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2015, whilst biotechnology and pharmaceuticals than double as many patents as from the Stock- Denmark 443 438 388 472 385 330 332 341 347 hold the last two places on the top ten – with 6 holm-Uppsala region in 2012 (priority date), as Sweden 518 662 575 569 487 430 372 361 330 048 and 5 884 respectively. The three technology figures from Eurostat show. Approximately 50% of fields have undergone different developments in the Danish and Swedish life science patents appli- Source: OECD the same period, with a 28% increase in patent cants are situated in Medicon Valley. applications in medical technology, a 9% increase in biotechnology applications and an 8% decrease According to Jens Viktor Nørgaard, European Patent ABOUT THE FIGURES in the number of patent applications for pharma- Attorney and Head of Biotech and Pharma at the ceuticals. leading patent firm HOIBERG Medicon Valley is This section presents data from OECD and EPO for isolate life science patent applications from other There are three Danish/Swedish life science com- among the leading life science hubs in Europe ”The patent applications to the European Patent Office categories. The Danish Patent and Trademark Office panies among the 25 companies that have filed the data confirms our experience that Medicon Valley is (EPO) distributed by priority date and publication identified the relevant IPC categories for life science, data. Normally, a patent application to EPO is pre- which have been extracted from the OECD database. most applications to the European Patent Office in the leading life science hub in Scandinavia and one ceded by an application to the national patent office. The figures presented use the applicant’s coun- their respective fields. Novo Nordisk appears three of the leading life science hubs in Europe. This is The filing date for the application to the national try and municipality of residence to distribute the times and is among the 25 most frequent patent also reflected in a growing interest among overseas patent office is the priority date for the subsequent patent applications geographically. Source for the applicants for medical technology, biotechnology applicants in using European Patent Attorneys from application to EPO. The publishing date for a patent regional distribution of patent application is EU- and pharmaceuticals. Medicon Valley for their European filings. application to EPO is usually 18 months after the pri- ROSTAT. EUROSTAT does not present the figures The other Danish company also hails from the As for southern Sweden, we have also seen a very ority date. Patent information from USPTO is rather on detailed IPC categories, therefore, only figures Novo-sphere: Novozymes is the third most frequ- vibrant biotech ecosystem growing and prospering old at the time of publishing, and for that reason it for medical or veterinary science is presented. ent applicant in biotechnology at EPO. The only in Lund with an increasing number of new patent has been chosen primarily to present data for EPO, The Danish Patent and Trademark Office has life science company on the list with significant applications being filed by Lund-based startups. even though the interest in patent applications at extracted patent applications from the EPO data- activity in Sweden is Astra Zeneca, which comes There are lots of hopes for Swedish biotech.” USPTO has grown as a consequence of the growth base for companies with Denmark and Sweden in at number 16 on the list of companies that of the American medical market. The international as the application country; this has been used as have filed the greatest number of applications in The five Danish and Swedish life science com- patent classification (IPC) has been used in order to source for the company-specific analysis. pharmaceuticals to the EPO. panies with the most patent applications to the

22 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 23 LIFE SCIENCE IN MEDICON VALLEY PHOTO: LUNDBECK PHOTO:

The strongest life science municipalities in Greater Copenhagen reinfor- ced their position in the period from 2008-2014. The development has been powered by a few large Danish companies, whilst employment on the Swedish side has fallen drastically. The picture is another, however, if one looks broadly at natural science research. Here, Copenhagen and Lund are Medicon Valley’s flagship with the greatest number of employees within scientific research.

• The Danish part of Gre- life science employees in • 15 000 are employed in ater Copenhagen provides Region Skåne. companies that perform employment for 86% of research in natural scien- those employed in life • The five largest life scien- ces (2014). That is 8% science in the region. ce municipalities: Gladsaxe, less than in 2008; this is , Copenhagen, primarily due to a slow- • The Capital Region of Kalundborg and Hillerød – down in Skåne. 10 000 Denmark has strengthened employ 25 000. are employed in academic its position with employ- research in natural scien- ment growth of 15% • Employment growth ces (2015). between 2008 and 2014. between 2008-2014 has been concentrated in • Copenhagen and Lund • Cutbacks at Astra the municipalities where are at the forefront of rese- Zeneca in Lund explain there were already many arch in the natural sciences the dramatic 28% drop in employees in the industry. in Greater Copenhagen.

THE LARGEST LIFE SCIENCE MUNICIPALITIES HAVE STRENGTENED THEIR POSITION

The life science sector is concentrated in a few municipalities that have taken an ever-more do- minant position. Between 2008 and 2014 the sector grew in the Capital Region of Denmark, whilst employment rates in Region Skåne dropped, primarily due to the closure of Astra Zeneca in Lund. LIFE SCIENCE IN The 35 700 employees in the life science sector have been eliminated since 2008; the closure of MEDICON VALLEY: in Medicon Valley are divided into 5 000 on the Astra Zeneca in Lund is the primary explanation. Swedish side of the Öresund and 30 700 on the 63% of those employed in the life science industry Key figures and trends Danish side. The Capital Region of Denmark is in Medicon Valley are employed within pharmaceu- predominant in Medicon Valley and has strengthe- ticals, whilst medical technology companies provide ned its position since 2008 with an employment employment for 19%, and 18% are employed in growth of 15%. Employment rates in life science in wholesale trade businesses. Region Zealand have also risen between 2008-2014, although the increase has been moderate at 1.3%. These figures for 2014 are the most recent official As in the rest of Sweden, however, Region Skåne figures for employment in the Register-based has also lost a number of jobs. In Region Skåne, Labour Force Statistics at Statistics Denmark and a total of 28% of the positions within life science Statistics Sweden.

STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 25 LIFE SCIENCE IN MEDICON VALLEY LIFE SCIENCE IN MEDICON VALLEY

Whether the positive trend within employment has rise in employment. Novo Nordisk is established in continued after 2014 is uncertain. In June of 2014, each of the five largest life science municipalities. Gladsaxe Novo Nordisk announced intentions to employ 6 000 (Bagsværd) new employees by 2022, but after a disappointing first The three largest university cities – Copenhagen, 8 400 half of 2016 and the increased pressure on prices on Malmö and Lund – are on the top of the list of the the American market, it chose instead to stop hiring largest life science municipalities on the Danish and Hillerød in August of 2016, announcing in September that it the Swedish sides respectively, and four of the five 3 000 Ballerup Hel- would be cutting 1 000 jobs globally, 500 of which largest Danish municipalities are located in the Capital 4 900 singborg 1 100 were in Denmark. Novo Nordisk has however not Region of Denmark. Approximately one-third of those revoked the billion-crown investments announced employed in life science companies in the Capital in 2015, see more on p.17. Lundbeck has also cut Region of Denmark (34%) and in Region Skåne Kalundborg 3 900 back its staff. In August of 2015 it presented a global (38%) have a higher education or research training, austerity plan that cut the jobs whilst only 16% of those in Region of about 300 employees in ”The life science in- Zealand have the same. The highly Denmark, and in September dustry is concentra- educated account for a steadily 2016, Coloplast announced growing number of employees, par- that 300 positions would be ted in a small num- ticularly in life science companies eliminated in Denmark due to in the Capital Region of Denmark, Lund ber of municipalities. 1 100 austerity measures. Its factory The five largest of where the percentage of highly Copenhagen in Thisted, Jutland (DK) will educated workers rose from 27% in 4 800 be closed, but other positions 2008 to 34% in 2014. Malmö these municipalities 1 800 will also be eliminated in Mørdrup in northern Zealand. are all located at the The cluster is also important for There have also been cutbacks Danish side of the municipalities that are not domi- on the Swedish side of the nated by life science companies. Öresund Strait. Active Biotech Öresund Strait.” In Holbæk Municipality, there are EMPLOYMENT IN in Lund has had to cut back its staff from 56 to 17 only six life science companies with a total of 220 employees between 2015 and 2016. Baxter (formerly employees; nonetheless, the industry is an important LIFE SCIENCE IN SKÅNE Gambro) announced in March of 2016 that 75 of employer for the community’s residents, says business AND ZEALAND BY its research employees would lose their jobs, as the consultant Niels Nielsen. The municipality is close MUNICIPALITY company would be concentrating all of the research to Kalundborg, where Novo Nordisk and Novozy- and development for its dialysis fluids and dry con- mes have large facilities, and to Nykøbing Sjælland, Source: Statistics Denmark and Statistics Sweden centrates in Belgium. Gambro was founded in Lund where H. Lundbeck has its API-factory. Traveling in and based on the invention of a single-use artificial the other direction, there are a large number of life kidney. But like Pharmacia and Astra, Gambro’s science companies in and around Copenhagen. ABOUT THE FIGURES Swedish company shrunk drastically after it changed – Holbæk’s location between Kalundborg and the This section presents statistics for the core area tioned cannot be extracted as they are placed within owners and was sold off to the American competitor other medical companies around the capital means of life science – the manufacturing sectors: Phar- service sectors such as business services, which co- company Baxter, which has since put its own name that a lot of our residents work in the medical sector. maceuticals, 26.60.10 manufacture of hearing aids vers a significantly broader area than life science. The on the absorbed company. and supplies, 26.60.90 Manufacture of irradiation, advantage of using the narrow definition of the sector While the life science industry has expanded enor- electromedical and electrotherapeutic equipme- is that it becomes possible to trace the industry’s The life science industry is concentrated in a small mously for many successive years, there have also nt, 32.50.00 Manufacture of medical and dental development over time, as well as to make European number of municipalities. The five largest of these been cutbacks and facility-closures in the region. instruments and supplies and 46.46.10 Wholesale and international comparisons. The disadvantage of pharmaceutical and nursing goods. The sources is that the life science industry is not shown in its municipalities are all located on the Danish side of Two years ago, Takeda closed its factory in , are the Register-based Labour Force Statistics in entirety. Therefore, the figures on a municipality level the Öresund Strait, and they alone employ 25 000. which had about 500 employees. Denmark (RAS) and in Sweden (RAMS). Statistics are supplemented by figures for employees at life Employment growth in the period from 2008-2014 Denmark and Statistics Sweden utilise industrial science companies not covered by the national sta- has been concentrated in the municipalities where In 2013, Arjo closed its factory in Eslöv (SE), which classification (DB07) and (SNI2007), both of which tistical figures from Statistics Denmark and Statistics there were already many employees in the indu- formed the roots of what is now Arjo Huntleigh are based on and correspond to the European in- Sweden; examples are Novozymes and Biogen. The stry. In general, companies have consolidated their and also a part of the stock exchange-listed Getinge dustry classification NACE. Note that it is possible supplementary information has been collected from operations and concentrated their activities in fewer Group. It has been almost two years since BASF deci- that branch codes are assigned to companies the relevant companies either via email, telephone or locations than before. Often, manufacturing jobs ded to put its subsidiary Pronova Biopharma’s factory differently in Denmark and Sweden. via the company website; from Nordic Business Key; are the ones being moved abroad, or research acti- with its 60 employees in Kalundborg on ice. In 2012, Other industry subdivisions than the above men- www.allabolag.se; or from news articles. vities are being consolidated in larger cities. Novo the medical technology company Dickinson closed Source: Statistics Denmark and Statistics Sweden Nordisk’s great success explains the majority of the its factory with 393 employees in Helsingborg (SE).

26 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 27 LIFE SCIENCE I MEDICON VALLEY LIFE SCIENCE IN MEDICON VALLEY

MUNICIPALITIES WITH THE MOST EMPLOYEES IN LIFE SCIENCE

Copenhagen. Malmö.. PHOTO: NOV NORDISK NOV PHOTO: PHOTO: NEWS ØRESUND PHOTO: PHOTO: NEWS ØRESUND PHOTO:

Novo Nordisk, Bagsværd, part of Gladsaxe. life science companies. Companies such as Rechon research premises, with a total of approximately Life Science, PolyPeptide Group, Nordic Drugs, 1 500 employees in member companies from Lund GLADSAXE: 8 400 EMPLOYEES year, has its headquarters and factory in , whilst Qpharma and Eurodiagnostica are here; all of them University, Region Skåne, and around 100 busines- Located in the Bagsværd district are the head- Ferring Pharmaceuticals with its 478 employees in are in some way related to Ferring Pharmaceutical, ses, 14 of which are listed on the stock exchange. quarters and large facilities for the pharmaceu- Denmark has a large research facility in Ørestad. which still has a sales office in its old hometown Among these companies are Alligator Bioscience, ticals company Novo Nordisk and its subsidiary after moving to Ørestad and Switzerland. At Medeon Immunovia and Sezagen. Adjacent to the premi- Novozymes, which works primarily with industrial Science Park there are companies such as Biora, ses is Ideon Science Park with companies such as biotechnology. Novo Nordisk has expanded its staff KALUNDBORG: 3 900 EMPLOYEES Galencia, and Tigran. But Malmö has also become BioInvent, Camurus and Probi, and Active Biotech is in Bagsværd from 2 813 employees in 2011 to 4 The port city in western Zealand is the location of a city with numerous national and regional headqu- in a neighbouring building. 506 at the end of 2015. A significant number of No- Novo Nordisk’s largest production unit, which had 3 arters – from the life science sector; Lundbeck, LEO vozymes 2 780 employees in Denmark are located 334 employees at the end of 2015. Pharma and Novo Nordisk are also here. in Bagsværd. Gladsaxe is also where the contract There is also a factory belonging to the subsidiary HELSINGBORG: 1 100 EMPLOYEES manufacturer CMC Biologics is located. Novozymes with around 500 employees. Despite sharp cutbacks and shutdowns over the LUND: 1 100 EMPLOYEES years, Helsingborg is one of Medicon Valley’s larger Pure employment statistics understate Lund’s life science municipalities. The municipality is home BALLERUP: 4 900 EMPLOYEES HILLERØD: 3 000 EMPLOYEES importance as a life science city. If university rese- to many life science companies, large and small; one Novo Nordisk, LEO Pharma, BASF and Symphogen Novo Nordisk is also a major employer in Hillerød, arch, all of the activity at Ideon Science Park and of the very largest today is McNeil, owned by the Ame- are some of the more than thirty life science compa- where the company had 2 057 employees at the end Medicon Village, and the research facilities Max IV rican Johnson & Johnson, which was formerly known nies that are active in Ballerup Municipality. of last year. Biogen, with just over 600 employees, is and the still in-progress ESS were calculated into as LEO as well as Pharmacia. Today, the company also here, as are PolyPeptide and Zymenex. the statistics, Lund would indisputably be Skåne’s has a staff of around 650, and last year the owners major life science city. Medicon Village runs a kind invested 130 million Swedish crowns in the production COPENHAGEN: 4 800 EMPLOYEES of amplified science park in Astra Zeneca’s former of Nicorette stop smoking products. Two of Denmark’s larger pharmaceuticals companies MALMÖ: 1 800 EMPLOYEES have large facilities in the Danish capital. H. Lund- Today, Malmö is a larger city for pharmaceuticals beck, which had 1 521 employees in Denmark last than Lund as regards the number of employees in Helsingborg.

Kalundborg. Måløv, Ballerup. PHOTO: NEWS ØRESUND PHOTO: PHOTO: NOVO NORDISK NOVO PHOTO: PHOTO: NEWS ØRESUND PHOTO:

28 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 29 LIFE SCIENCE IN MEDICON VALLEY LIFE SCIENCE IN MEDICON VALLEY

ACADEMIC RESEARCH RESEARCH IN NATURAL SCIENCES - MOST Research in the natural sciences, technology, medicine, health and agricultural sciences takes place at a number EMPLOYED IN COMMERCIAL COMPANIES of universities and institutions in Greater Copenhagen.

The greatest number of employees in the field are at the NEWS ØRESUND PHOTO: Besides the growing amount of employees in the side of the Öresund Strait. A total of 64% of those , followed by the Technical life sciende companies in Greater Copenhagen (p. employed in companies with research in the natural University of Denmark (DTU) and Lund University. 25) companies with research as primary purpose sciences as primary purpose are employed in the Statistics from the Swedish Higher Education and universities also employ many people. Natio- Capital Region of Denmark. Authority and Universities Denmark show that a total nal statistics do not place pure research companies of 10 339 people worked year-round in research and in the same industry categories as pharmaceutical Lund has a large number of employees in companies education at the University of Copenhagen, DTU, manufacturers and medical technology companies. with research in the natural sciences as main purpose. Lund University, Malmö University, IT University of Research companies are categorised with other With two large science parks – Ideon and Medicon Copenhagen, Roskilde University and Kristianstad scientific research, and it is impossible to determi- Village – (the latter in Astra Zeneca’s former research University in the above mentioned categories. ne whether the businesses perform research within premises), the recently inaugurated materials research On top of that are researchers at the Swedish Lund University. life science or other scientific research. facility Max IV and the ongoing construction of the University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU) and Aal- About 10 000 people in European Spallation Source in Lund borg University in Copenhagen – which only has EMPLOYMENT IN NATURAL Greater Copenhagen research ”Copenhagen and with its data management centre at part of its research in the region – and Copenhagen and educate year-round in the COBIS in Copenhagen; Lund is one School of Design and Technology. SCIENCES natural sciences, technology, Lund are Grea- of the two municipalities in Greater SLU estimates that there are about 250 people medicine and health sciences at ter Copenhagen’s Copenhagen with the greatest working in natural and agricultural sciences and ACADEMIC RESEARCH – UNIVERSITY EMPLOYEES the region’s universities. Another number of employees in companies technology there. Furthermore, the European IN RESEARCH AND EDUCATION 15 000 work in companies with spearheads when with research in the natural sciences research facility ESS, which will be located in Number of year- University round employees Municipality research in natural sciences as it comes to resear- as main purpose; a total of approx- Lund with a data centre in Copenhagen, employs primary purpose (not including imately 4 300 people. 375 people today. When operational, the facility University of Copen- 4 270 Copenhagen ch in the natural hagen production companies). As Sony Mobile has one of Europe’s is expected to employ about 500 people. far as employee distribution is sciences.” largest development units for mobile Technical University of 3 300 Lyngby Denmark (DTU) concerned, there are slightly communications in Lund, with a The Danish side of the Strait is clearly largest in more people working in companies with research staff of approximately 1 200. The company accounts terms of employee numbers in university level Lund University 1 960 Lund in natural sciences as primary purpose in Denmark for more than one-fourth of all of the employees in research in the natural sciences, with 7 875 year- Malmö University 360 Malmö than in Sweden, but the number of people working commercial research in the natural sciences in Lund. round employees in 2015. IT University of Cph 180 Copenhagen in natural science, medical and technological research With competencies in IT as well as life science, emp- The number of employees in natural science research Kristianstad University 140 Kristianstad and education is three times higher in Denmark. hasis on eHEALTH is obvious, and Region Skåne has and education increased 20% between 2010 and 2015 While the number of employees in research in also chosen to invest in the area by employing a strategic – the increase was the same on the Danish and Swedish Roskilde University 130 Roskilde the natural sciences at universities rose by 20% advisor for eHEALTH and mHEALTH. Lund is also sides of Greater Copenhagen. In 2016 however, reduced Source: The Swedish Higher Education Authority (Universi- between 2010 and 2015 – on the Danish as well the hometown of Medicon Village and Ideon Science government funding has made it necessary for Danish tetskanslerämbetet) and Universities Denmark. as the Swedish side of the Öresund – the number Park, where many of Lund’s smaller scientific research universities to make significant cuts. of people working in companies with research in companies are located. the natural sciences as primary purpose has fallen in recent years. The decrease from 2008-2014 was With approximately 4 000 job positions, Copenhagen ABOUT THE FIGURES Tabel II: Academic research primarily in Skåne. is the second municipality that provides the most Information about the Danish universities is for employment of people in companies with research in Tabel I: Commercial research personnel, VIP, and DVIP in Technology, Science the natural sciences as primary purpose. The science The number of employees in companies and Health Science in 2015. Information about COMMERCIAL RESEARCH parks Symbion and COBIS provide structure for with research in the natural sciences as main Swedish universities and institutions is for Employment in companies with research in the start-ups, while national institutions such as the State purpose are defined according to the industry teaching and researching personnel in Science, natural sciences as primary purpose had a negative Serum Institute, as well as the research centre at the codes 72.11 Research and Experimental Deve- Technology, Medicine and Health Science and lopment in Biotechnology as well as 72.19 Other development between 2008-2014, primarily due to brewery enterprise are a few of the larger Agricultural Science in 2015. Research and Experimental Development in workplaces. Fermentation has been a primary focus for Research in the natural sciences also takes an economic slowdown in Skåne. A total of 15 000 Natural Sciences and Engineering. The sources people are employed in companies with research in the Carlsberg Research Center since its establishment, place at the Swedish University of Agricultural for these figures are the Register-based Labour Sciences (SLU) in Alnarp, University in the natural sciences as a primary purpose; this is 8% and founded the basis for 2cureX, which was founded Force Statistics from Statistics Denmark and Copenhagen, Copenhagen School of Design and less than in 2008. The number of employees in Skåne in 2006. 2cureX is developing technology for the Statistics Sweden. Technology, and the research facility ESS. dropped by 28% in the same period, whilst the individual treatment of cancer patients. Fermentation corresponding number rose by 10% on the Danish is also the technology behind insulin production.

30 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 31 THE BEACONS OF MEDICON VALLEY PHOTO: LUNDBECK PHOTO:

The companies of Medicon Valley are successful, with the four large groups Novo Nordisk, H. Lundbeck, Ferring and LEO Pharma at the forefront. New biotechnology companies are cropping up the Skåne Region, for example in the relatively new science park Medicon Village, and there is a new beacon being raised in the region: with the materials research facilities Max IV and European Spallation Source, ESS.

• Industrial foundations have • The foundations have also of them are located in and contributed to the stable contributed risk capital for new around Copenhagen, one is in development of Medicon companies and resources for Malmö and two are in Lund. Valley’s four largest phar- new research, generating a The result is a new kind of maceutical groups: Novo good circular flow in the region. ”multicellular” big business. Nordisk, H. Lundbeck, Ferring and LEO Pharma, all • Increased pressure on prices • The equilibrium between of which are located in and and the phasing in of a new Medicon Valley’s Zealand around Copenhagen. generation of technology with and Skåne Regions will be biological medicines has led to more even with the new • The large pharmaceutical large companies being forced beacon being constructed in companies have nurtured to make cutbacks as well as Lund: the two materials re- many researchers and com- new investments. As a result, search facilities Max IV and pany leaders, which has also the situation in Medicon Valley European Spallation Source benefitted many of the new can be difficult to interpret. with data centre in Copen- biotechnology companies hagen. Life science will be a that have emerged since the • Six large science parks bring crucial area. Lund is growing end of the 1990s. know-how and new compa- into an even more significant nies close together. Three city for research.

STRONG BEACONS BOOST MEDICON VALLEY

Thriving universities and many successful years for the four largest Danish pharmaceutical groups are the primary reasons that Medicon Valley has become the leading Nordic life science cluster. The region’s largest pharmaceutical company, Novo Nordisk, had 16 400 employees in Medicon Valley at the end of 2015. Several new beacons are driving developments forward. Today, the growing group of THE BEACONS OF science parks employs around 4 000 people within life science. The billions of crowns invested in the MEDICON VALLEY: materials research facilities Max IV and ESS will contribute to further discoveries being made. Driving developments There is a historic link between Greater Copenhagen’s miske Fabrik was started. It made its breakthrough in role as a food cluster and a life science cluster, but 1912 with the medicine Albyl. In 1914, the company forward there are also ties between the Zealand and Skåne already started the Swedish subsidiary AB LEO in Regions. Knowledge and raw materials from dairies, Helsingborg, and in 1925 Løven’s insulin production breweries and slaughterhouses here were used in the demerged to become the independent Nordisk Insu- 1900s when the new life science cluster developed pro- lin Foundation. After the Second World War, Løven ducts based on proteins, fermentation and hormones. became one of the early penicillin manufacturers. To- One of the cornerstones of the Danish pharma- day, the group is called LEO Pharma and is successful ceutical wonder was laid in 1908, when Løvens Ke- in the areas of dermatology and thrombosis.

STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 33 THE BEACONS OF MEDICON VALLEY THE BEACONS OF MEDICON VALLEY

Nordisk Insulinlaboratorium and Novo Tera- Camurus and Alligator Bioscience have received a peutisk Laboratorium are the foundation of what great deal of attention and are generating great value, Göran Ando: ”The Region needs to be strengthened” is now Denmark’s largest pharmaceutical company both in terms of research and finance. Novo Nordisk, as well as a contemporary Danish Individually however, they do not have the same Risk capital is not what is missing in Greater Copenhagen. It’s more a question of not having the right people growth success story. At the turn of the millennium, personnel strength as Medicon Valley’s large beacons. for the job. What the region needs are more researchers who are willing to take risks and who are passionate Novo Nordisk had just under 15 000 employees. By Tucked a bit further away is a large medi- about creating new medicines and new companies. And that will demand more experienced CEOs who can the end of 2015, that number had grown to almost cal technology cluster in Medicon Valley with develop company after company. The region also needs to become stronger in an international perspective. 40 000 employees, 16 314 in Denmark and 80 in companies like Coloplast, Nolato Medical, Baxter That’s how Göran Ando, Chairman of the Board at Novo Nordisk and Symphogen, sees things. Sweden (Malmö). On top of that is the company’s (Gambro) in Lund. The medical technology clus- subsidiary Novozymes, which demerged in 2000 and ter around Copenhagen also contains the three – I think that people should be more daring. I As far as Greater Copenhagen’s life science cluster now has over 2 600 employees around the globe. successful hearing aid manufacturers William have been living in the USA and England for the Medicon Valley is concerned, Göran Ando applauds Demant Holding (Oticon), GN Store Nord (Re- past 35 years and the thing that has impressed the investment in the Øresund Bridge and the fact Løven’s Swedish subsidiary AB LEO in Helsing- sound) and Widex. me most in the US is their ”can do” attitude, says that the region has created a fundamental identity. borg was owned by H. Lundbeck and the Swedish A growing group of new, innovative companies, Göran Ando, chairman of Novo – But I believe the region needs to Pharmacia and others before it was bought by often with their roots in university research, is Nordisk and Symphogen. become much stronger. It doesn’t stand American Johnson & Johnson and renamed Mc- growing in Medicon Valley, and more often than He asserts that it is more probable out internationally; people are still talking Neil. The company is still located in Helsingborg not, these companies begin in science parks. A that the right people for the job are about individual countries. Medicon and produces stop-smoking products under the science park can be seen as a kind of multicel- lacking in the Greater Copenhagen Valley needs to be hammered home, espe- brand name Nicorette. lular company comprised of many independent area, not the risk capital. NORDISK NOVO PHOTO: cially at biotechnology trade shows. There have always been links between the companies and where the individual components – We have very many talented More than anything else, Göran Ando pharmaceutical industries in the Zealand and mutually benefit each other. A larger science park scientific researchers, but not enough is nervous about developments on the Skåne Regions. The four largest Danish pharma- nowadays has space for as many employees as a people with the right spark or know- Swedish side of Medicon Valley. ceutical companies still have their Swedish offices medium-sized pharmaceutical company. how, who are passionate about accom- – My personal opinion is that a new in- in Malmö. Around 700 Swedes work in Danish The greatest change in decades in Medicon plishing something that will make that Göran Ando, Chairman of itiative is necessary to get back on the map pharmaceutical companies. Valley is underway on the Swedish side, where two new medicine or that new company the Board at Danish Novo and into the consciousness of companies Ownership over the Öresund has made its materials research facilities are being built next to happen. The willingness to take risks is Nordisk and Symphogen. that are setting up in the region. impression on companies like LEO and Ferrosan. each another in Lund. Max IV was inaugurated in lower here than in the USA. He points out that Lund The company with the deepest roots on both the beginning of the summer, and the adjacent Eu- – The other thing that we are ”I do not agree University needs to make itself sides of the Strait is the rapidly expanding Ferring ropean Spallation Source (ESS) is currently under lacking is a pool of experienced that there is a lack more attractive. Pharmaceuticals, which was founded in Malmö construction; see more on pages 42 and 58. CEOs who develop company af- – Then I don’t think it would in 1950. Operations in Malmö/Limhamn and Although Max IV is a Swedish research facility, ter company. In that respect, we of risk capital.” be impossible for a larger compa- Copenhagen were consolidated in 2002 and mo- Denmark has already decided to invest in its own are far behind the USA. Just look ny to set up a satellite site there. ved into the now-iconic building in Ørestad, while beamline there. ESS is a European facility hosted at Symphogen, where we realised that the only logical It’s becoming more and more common to establish the company headquarters relocated to Switzerland by Denmark and Sweden, where the research thing to do was to open an office for classic research sites with 100-200 researchers at universities. But in 2004. Ferring’s owner Frederik Paulsen showed facilities are being built in Lund; the data mana- in New Jersey where we can recruit people who have it doesn’t happen automatically. that the company’s strong ties to the region still re- gement centre DMSC has already been placed at already done this many times. Göran Ando points out that one of Denmark main when he broke the ground at the groundbre- COBIS in Copenhagen. – One of Denmark’s weak points is the access to and Sweden’s shared strengths is their high level aking ceremony for Soundport, the company’s new competence. It’s a small country with a tradition of not of technological knowledge – which is important, billion-crown investment in a research facility on Max IV and ESS represent a total investment of recruiting so many people from abroad, even if there not least when it comes to developing and manu- the shore of the Öresund Strait, near Kastrup, in about 22 billion Swedish crowns, and there are are extremely favourable ways of doing so, fiscally spea- facturing biological medicines. the beginning of September. A number of Ferring’s already plans to increase these investment amounts. king. The entire region is attractive, with advantages – The more complicated it is, the better compe- subsidiaries are still in Malmö. When both of the research facilities have been com- that we perhaps don’t always think about. We have titive edge we have. Novo Nordisk will continue to Ferring, as well as the rest of the Danish life pleted, approximately 700 people will be employed fabulous nature here, and we are open countries where keep a large part of its production base in Denmark. science sector, already had early and strong links to there, and 5 000 international researchers are expec- the majority of the population speaks fluent English. You can also look at Biogen, which has a big produc- biotechnology, but has also been shaped by stable ted to visit the facilities annually. Life science will be To say that risk capital is lacking for new tion unit in Denmark that is only a few years old. ownership by active industrial foundations. In ad- an important research area for MAX IV and ESS. biotechnology companies in the Greater Copen- When the discussion turns to the industry over- dition, the Danish companies have been successful For Medicon Valley, the two research facilities hagen area is little more than a convenient excuse, lap between life science and IT, Göran Ando urges with defined niche strategies; a good example is the will be a new beacon that will not only contribu- according to Göran Ando. to careful consideration. Copenhagen company H. Lundbeck, whose focus is te to regional companies’ competitive edge, but – I do not agree that there is a lack of risk capital. – There is a clash between strictly regulated sectors on neurological diseases. also give them a more robust position internatio- I am also on the board of Novo A/S. Our venture like pharmaceuticals and extremely open sectors like But Medicon Valley is so much more than phar- nally. Max IV and ESS also mean that the Da- activities are now the largest in all of Europe. And it’s IT. On the IT side is a certain immaturity and a lack maceutical companies. A growing group of biotech- nish-Swedish equilibrium in Medicon Valley will not like we find that there are too many companies of understanding for our absolute zero-tolerance poli- nology companies such as Genmab, Symphogen, become more sound. we feel are worth supporting. cy, because otherwise patients can die.

34 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 35 9 PHOTO: KØBENHAVNS UNIVERSITET such asbioengineering andbiological surfaces. Seepage52. DTU andMalmöUniversity are bothhighly advanced in areas ample withinmetabolic diseasesandplant biology. Inaddition, institutions alsohave otherstrong life science research, for ex of Copenhagen,aswell asatLundUniversity. Thelearning logy companies, growing science parksand region also hassuccessful medical techno pharmaceuticals andbiotechnology. The companies. ButMedicon Valley ismore than complemented bysuccessful biotechnology companies inpharmaceuticals thatare success story characterised byafew large nies inGreater Copenhagenare aregional Pharmaceutical andbiotechnology compa THE BEACONS OFMEDICON VALLEY UNIVERSITY OFCOPENHAGEN Bioscience andCamurusintheSkåneregion. an Nordic andSymphogeninDenmarkAlligator emerged, suchasGenmab,ZeelandPharma,Bavari a numberofsmaller biotechnology companies have in Greater Copenhagen.Since theendof1990s, pital firmandanursery for manyoftheresearchers foundations thatown themhave alsobeenariskca Nordisk, Lundbeck,Ferring andLEOPharma andthe regional offices inMalmö.Thefour large groups Novo 4 neuroscientific research take place attheUniversity the field.Globally leading diabetes research and learning institutions thatperform research in spectrum withinlife science isbroad, withnine UNIVERSITIES. Greater Copenhagen’s academic four ofthepharmaceutical companies have pharmaceuticals andbiotechnology. All minate Medicon Valley’s largest groups in headquarters intheZealandregion do PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANIES with - - broad scope, inbusiness asinresearch. icon Valley thatdemonstrate thecluster’s tant players from sixleading areas inMed Inthisoverview, we have chosenimpor centre DMSCinCopenhagen. tion inLund,andESS data management latter ofwhichiscurrently underconstruc Max IVandEuropean SpallationSource, the the two large materials research facilities - - - - Novo Nordisk H. Lundbeck LEO Pharma Ferring - - -

PHOTO: NEWS ØRESUND, LEO PHARMA 6 PHOTO: NEWS ØRESUND the American Johnson&Johnson. former Pharmacia,but now partof Helsingborg, previously partofthe pharmaceutical company McNeilin under thenameGambro, andthe Baxter inLund,whichwasfounded side are thedialysis company in Bjærveskov. OntheSwedish Hillerød, andWilliamCookEurope office inCopenhagenandfactory in companies suchasBiogenwithan examples oflarge, foreign-owned nish companies, there are good behind manysuccessful Da is animportant nationalmodel Although foundation ownership FOREIGN-OWNED COMPANIES. Malmö andIdeonMedicon VillageinLund. in andaround Copenhagen,whilst Skåneishometo Medeonin independent company cells. COBIS,ScionDTU andSymbionare COBIS almost beseenaslarge companies comprised of large andever-expanding science parks,whichcan zed companies group together insomeoftheregion’s in biotechnology, isthatmanysmallandmedium-si SCIENCE PARKS. Agrowing phenomenon,not least - 22 and Denmark andSweden are itshost countries. made initfrom thestart. ESS isaEuropean venture, a Swedish facility, butDanishinvestments have been areas inbothresearch facilities. Formally, MaxIVis Life science is expected to beoneofthevital research and hasitsdata centre DMSCatCOBISinCopenhagen. which iscurrently beingconstructed adjacent to Max IV this summer,andEuropean Spallation Source (ESS), MAX IV (pictured), whichwasinaugurated materials research facilities MaxIV latest beacon, comprised ofthe being invested inMedicon Valley’s BILLION SEK.That’s how muchis -

PHOTO: NEWS ØRESUND common. ly ownership ismost foundation andfami Widex. Here aswell, Nord (Resound) and (Oticon), GNStore am DemantHolding manufacturers Willi Danish hearingaid to thethree large Nolato from Skåne Danish Coloplast and tics companies like from so-called plas LOGY MEDICAL TECHNO is everything is everything - - - -

PHOTO: NEWS ØRESUND THE BEACONS OF MEDICON VALLEY THE BEACONS OF MEDICON VALLEY

THE NOVO NORDISK FOUNDATION GROUP haemophilia and growth disorders. The company’s care, leather, pulp & paper, textile and water solutions. growth has been strong; since 2011, its turnover has Enzymes for laundry detergents are the largest goods NOVO NORDISK FOUNDATION is an industrial founda- increased by 63%, and the number of employees has class, accounting for one-third of the turnover. Since tion whose objective is to act as majority shareholder grown 35%. In 2015, the company decided to invest 2011, Novozymes’ turnover has increased by 33% and its in the publicly traded Novonordisk and Novozymes, as two billion USD in a new pharmaceuticals factory in staff has grown by 11%. In the autumn of 2016 Novozy- well as to support scientific, humanitarian and social the USA with 700 new jobs, and one new pharma- mes gave NCC a 633 million Danish crown contract to causes. In 2016, the foundation will distribute around ceutical factory in Måløv (DK) with 100 jobs. In ad- build a new research facility in Lyngby-Taarbæk Munici- two billion Danish crowns in grants. Since 2007, the NEWS ØRESUND PHOTO: dition, it also decided to build a new filling plant for pality (near the Technical University of Denmark) for 800 Foundation has given a total of 3.6 billion Danish medicines in Hillerød (DK), with 450 new production employees. It will be completed in 2018. crowns toward the establishment of four research and engineering jobs. In the autumn of 2016, Novo centres and a national biobank in Greater Copenhagen. Nordisk cut back its workforce by 1000 employees, Turnover 2015: 14.0 billion DKK. - Danish National Biobank 500 of whom were in Denmark. The company will Pre-tax result: 3.6 billion DKK - Center for Basic Metabolic Research nonetheless have a greater number of employees Number of employees 2015: 6 485, of whom approx. - DTU Biosustain - Center for Biosustainability than at the end of 2015. 2 800 in Denmark. - Center for Protein Research Facilities in Medicon Valley: Headquarters and R&D in 27 companies, one of which – Orphazyme – is Danish. - Section for Basic Stem Cell Biology Turnover 2015: 107.9 billion DKK Bagsværd and production facilities in Kalundborg and The emphasis is on companies in the USA and Great Number of employees 2015: 39 150, of whom 16 314 Copenhagen. Britain. NOVO A/S is the Foundation’s wholly owned subsidi- in Denmark and 80 in Sweden. - Novo Large Investments has eleven larger-scale ary. It manages the Foundation’s endowment and its Facilities in Medicon Valley: Headquarters in Bagsværd CHR. HANSEN Although Novo A/S is Chr. Hansen’s investments, including investments in five Danish controlling interests in the publicly traded companies and offices in Ørestad and Malmö. Research facilities largest shareholder, Chr. Hansen is not a subsidiary of companies – Chr. Hansen, Sonion, Symphogen, Veloxis Novo Nordisk and Novozymes. in Måløv and Hillerød. Production facilities in Værløse, Novo A/S, but instead represents large investments. It Pharmaceuticals and Xellia Pharmaceuticals. - Novo Seeds is the name of the early-stage investment Måløv, Gentofte, Køge, Kalundborg and Hillerød. is a global biotechnology company with clients in the in new biotechnology companies. To date, investments pharmaceutical industry, food and health industries, and NOVO NORDISK is the original company behind the have been made in 17 companies, 11 of which are NOVOZYMES was founded in 2000 as a demerger from agriculture. Since 2011 its turnover has increased by group, and today it is Denmark’s largest pharma- in Denmark and 3 in Sweden. In Medicon Valley, it is Novo Nordisk. Novozymes is a publicly traded biotech- 35%, and the number of employees has increased by 9%. ceutical company and a globally leading producer involved in the following companies: Acesion Pharma, nology company and a globally leading manufacturer Turnover 2014/15: 858.8 million Euros of insulin. The company is publicly traded and has Adenium Biotech, Avilex Pharma, Biosyntia, Galecto of industrial enzymes as well as a major producer of Pre-tax result 2014/15: 219.7 million Euros its headquarters and a large facility on the outskirts Biotech, IO Biotech, Minervax, Pcovery and Reapplix. microorganisms. The company’s headquarters is in Employees 2014/15: 2 500 of Copenhagen, in Bagsværd, and several large - Novo Ventures invests in companies that are further Bagsværd outside Copenhagen. The largest markets are Facilities in Medicon Valley: Headquarters in Hørs- research and production facilities elsewhere in in the development stage and is currently involved in in agriculture, bioenergy, food & beverage, household holm and facilities in Hvidovre and Roskilde. Zealand. The company also makes drugs for obesity,

THE LUNDBECK FOUNDATION and schizophrenia, while other, earlier patents have ex- pired. Since 2011 the company’s turnover has dropped 9%, and the number of employees 13%. THE LUNDBECK FOUNDATION is an industrial Lundbeck Foundation Emerge: Turnover 2015: 14.6 billion DKK foundation whose objective is to maintain and expand - Has three investments in Denmark; of these, IO Pre-tax result 2015: -7.0 billion DKK PHOTO: NEWS ØRESUND PHOTO: the activities of H. Lundbeck and to provide funding Biotech is located in Copenhagen. Number of employees 2015: 5 257, of whom 1 609 in for scientific research. The Foundation annually Lundbeck Foundation Ventures: Denmark and 88 in Sweden. grants between 400 and 500 million Danish crowns - Has investments in 20 companies, two of which are in Facilities in Medicon Valley: Headquarters and to research, with particular focus on promising Medicon Valley – Veloxis Pharmaceutical in Hørsholm production in Valby/Copenhagen and production in researchers who wish to establish their own research and Bonesupport in Lund. Odsherred. Office in Malmö. groups at Danish universities. The Foundation is the has increased by 11%. largest shareholder in the publicly traded companies H. LUNDBECK is a global pharmaceutical company spe- ALK-ABELLÓ is a publicly traded global company Turnover 2015: 2.6 billion DKK H. Lundbeck and ALK-Abelló, as well as in Falck A/S. cialising in psychiatric and neurological disorders. The that researches allergies and manufactures vaccines Number of employees 2015: 1 954, of whom 722 in The Foundation also invests in life science compa- company is publicly traded and has it headquarters in for them. Its headquarters are located in Hørsholm Denmark. nies, as well as in the commercial development of Valby, Copenhagen. Several new compounds have been in Zealand. The company’s turnover has increased Facilities in Medicon Valley: Headquarters and R&D in scientific projects. launched in recent years against for example depression almost 10% since 2011, and the number of employees Hørsholm.

38 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 39 THE BEACONS OF MEDICON VALLEY THE BEACONS OF MEDICON VALLEY

FERRING PHARMACEUTICALS COLOPLAST

COLOPLAST is a publicly traded medical technolo- FERRING PHARMACEUTICALS is a wholly privately-ow- gy company with its headquarters in Humlebæk in ned pharmaceutical company with its roots around the COLOPLAST PHOTO: , south of Helsingør. The Öresund. It was founded in Malmö in 1950 and moved company is run by the family Louis-Hansen/Find. The to Limhamn in 1956, with subsidiaries in Denmark and company’s original product, stoma bags, remains an

Germany that are now a group. In 2002, operations in + PARTNERS FOSTER ILLUSTRATION: important part of the plastics manufacturer’s product Copenhagen and Limhamn were consolidated and moved assortment, which now includes products for ostomy to the iconic black high-rise in Ørestad, and in 2004 the care, urology and continence care, as well as wound Turnover 2014/15: 13.9 billion DKK company headquarters moved to Switzerland. In 2019 and skin care. The company’s turnover has increased Number of employees 2014/15: 9 300, of whom app- Ferring International PharmaScience Center and Ferring by 37% since 2011, and the number of employees rox. 1 500 in Denmark Pharmaceuticals will move from Ørestad to the new has increased by 27%. According to the new strategy Facilities in Medicon Valley: Headquarters in Hum- research facility Soundport (pictured), which is currently Lead20, the company will increase its staff by 3 000 lebæk in Fredensborg Municipality and production in being built near the Öresund Strait, walking distance from employees by 2019/20. Mørdrup in Helsingør Municipality. Copenhagen’s airport, Kastrup. Soundport is a 1.1 billion Danish crown-investment and will be able to accommo- date 750 employees, which is a 50% increase compared to Ferring is still represented in its former home town the facility in Ørestad. Ferring develops and produces pep- Malmö, where it has an office with a staff of ten. There tide-based and biotechnologically developed medicines are also a number of pharmaceutical companies in with a focus on urology, reproductive health, gastroentero- Malmö with an indirect link to Ferring. NOLATO logy and endocrinology. Ferring is run by Frederik Paulsen NOLATO is a publicly traded, family-run company with

through the Dr. Frederik Paulsen Foundation. Since 2011, Ferring’s original factory in Limhamn in Malmö is still roots in Skånska Torekov and business in medical NOLATO PHOTO: the turnover has increased by about 50%, and the number there, with the name Rechon Life Science. Since 2007, technology. The company’s foundation is plastics and of employees has increased by about 50%. it has been owned by the Chinese pharmaceutical silicon know-how. Within medical technology, it produces company Dongbao. inhalers, insulin injectors and balloon catheters, among Turnover 2015: 1,8 billion EUR other things. Last year, the business line Nolato Medical Number of employees 2015: 6000, of whom 480 in Poly Peptide Group is also in Limhamn with its office had a turnover of 1.5 billion SEK and 1 053 employees. Denmark and 18 in Sweden and production. It is a demerger from Ferring and part Facilities in Medicon Valley: Ferring Pharmaceuticals of a separate group of companies run by Ferring’s Turnover 2015: 4.7 billion SEK A/S also namned Ferring International Pharma Scien- owner Frederik Paulsen. Other companies in the group Number of employees 2015: 7 759, of whom 773 in Facilities in Medicon Valley: Torekov, Höör, Lomma, ce centre and Ferring Lægemidler A/S in Ørestad and are for example Qpharma, Nordic Drugs and Euro- Sweden and Næstved sales office in Malmö and API-manufacturer Syntese Diagnostica, all of whom are active in Malmö. in Hvidovre Kommune. Headquarters in Switzerland.

WILLIAM DEMANT HOLDING

LEO PHARMA WILLIAM DEMANT HOLDING is one of Medicon Valley’s three large hearing aid manufacturers (the LEO FOUNDATION was established in 1984 to secure other hearing aid manufacturers are GN Store Nord PHOTO: NEWS ØRESUND PHOTO: LEO Pharma’s future as an independent, research- / Resound and Widex, located around Copenhagen). PHOTO: LEO PHARMA PHOTO: based Danish pharmaceutical company. The founda- William Demant Holding is a publicly traded compa- tion also supports international research with focus ny with brands such as Oticon, Bernafon, Sonic and on dermatology. Oticon Medical. The company is run by the Oticon Foundation. LEO PHARMA is a wholly privately/foundation-owned Between 2011 and 2015 the company’s turnover pharmaceutical company with focus on the develop- increased by 33% to 10.7 billion DKK, and the number Turnover 2015: ment and production of medicines for dermatology of employees rose 46% to an average of 10 800. 10.7 billion DKK Number of employees 2015: and thrombosis. The company’s turnover has increa- In 2016 the company decided to move its pro- 10 800, of whom 1 330 sed by 13% since 2011, and the number of employees Turnover 2015: 8.5 billion DKK duction and 200 employees from Thisted, Jutland work in Greater Copenhagen. Facilities in Medicon Valley: has increased almost 10%. Number of employees 2015: 4 813 to Poland. The production in Minnesota, USA, was Headquarters in Smørum in Facilities in Medicon Valley: Headquarters, R&D and moved to Mexico. and R&D in Snekkersten/Helsingør. production in Ballerup outside Copenhagen.

40 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 41 THE BEACONS OF MEDICON VALLEY THE BEACONS OF MEDICON VALLEY

NEW RESEARCH FACILITIES BOOST PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH LARGE FOREIGN-OWNED LIFE SCIENCE COMPANIES

Sweden’s Prime There is a strong international presence in Med- Minister Stefan icon Valley. Among the largest foreign-owned Löfven (S) and King companies are: Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden at the inauguration of BAXTER (FORMERLY GAMBRO) in Lund, which is an NEWS ØRESUND PHOTO: Max IV in Lund this important producer of for example dialysis equipment. year on 21 June. Gambro’s roots are in Lund, where the company invented

PHOTO: LUND UNIVERSITY – KENNET RUONA LUND PHOTO: the single-use kidney. After changing owners several ti- mes, the company was sold to its main competitor Baxter BIOGEN has its offices in Copenhagen and production in Lund. The company has approx. 800 employees in Lund. facility in Hillerød. It has around 645 employees in Denmark. MCNEIL in Helsingborg manufactures medicines to stop smoking and was once part of the large Swedish WILLIAM COOK EUROPE in Bjærveskov develops, ma- group Pharmacia, but is now part of the American nufactures and sells medical technology products and pharmaceuticals giant Johnson & Johnson. The com- distributes products from the rest of the Cook group. European Spallation Source (ESS), which is currently under construction on the outskirts of Lund, and its neig- pany has approx. 600 employees in Helsingborg. The company has approx. 700 employees in Bjærveskov. hbour Max IV, which was inaugurated early this summer, are becoming world-class research beacon bringing new possibilities for research as well as business to Greater Copenhagen. Both research facilities are expec- ted to generate an influx of thousands of researchers from abroad, and one of the important fields of research for ESS and Max IV is life science – read more on page 58. SCIENCE PARKS IN THE REGION CONTINUE TO EXPAND THE SYNCHROTON LIGHT FACILITY MAX IV was inau- of the research opportunities at the laboratory’s For 33 years now, six large science parks have been growing in Medicon Valley. With almost 500 companies gurated in the beginning of the summer and helps predecessor. and about 4 000 life science employees, science parks have become a vital beacon in Medicon Valley. The researchers study material and life science down Investment: Around 4 billion SEK incl. the first 14 growth is continuing, and since 2009 two new science parks with a pure life science focus have been esta- to the nano-level. Max IV is a Swedish national beamlines. There is space for 26-28 beamlines, and blished: COBIS in Copenhagen, and Medicon Village in Lund. research facility that is open to other countries and when complete, costs for the facility are expected to companies that wish to invest in their own beamline. reach 6 billion SEK. The region’s first science park, Ideon, was founded in – Openness and networking are a growing trend, says The Academy of Finland, Estonia and a consortium Expected completion: 2026 1983 in Lund, and two years later Medeon opened in Mats Leifland, CEO of Medicon Village in Lund. of Danish universities and regional and national Employees: About 270 employees when the facility is Malmö. In 1996, six researchers founded Symbion in – We have an innovation department where 400 authorities are investing a total of 200 million SEK complete. Copenhagen, and in 2004 Scion DTU saw the light of people work in incubator companies, and the other in beamlines at Max IV. Novo Nordisk has long since International researchers: Up to 3 000 researchers day. Five years later, Symbion and Scion DTU started product companies are from the realm of health, from been on the list of companies that took advantage are expected to visit the facility annually. the biotechnology park COBIS near Rigshospitalet in Region Skåne with the biobank, the tumour registry and Copenhagen, and in 2012 Medicon Village opened the the Regional Cancer Center South, which is part of the THE NEUTRON SOURCE FACILITY EUROPEAN SPAL- doors of a new science park in Astra Zeneca’s former cancer research at the university. The result is a strong LATION SOURCE, ESS, is a European venture. The research facility in Lund. dynamic with many decision-makers, which makes it

research facility is currently being built adjacent to ESS PHOTO: Even if the latest science parks concentrate exclu- interesting for other people to come here. Max IV in Lund, and the ESS data management centre sively on life science, IT-businesses have always been Medicon Village is owned by a foundation and was DMSC was recently inaugurated in the science park an important part of science parks with a broader established with the help of a donation by the Scanian COBIS in central Copenhagen. scope of focus. Today, there are over 1 000 companies entrepreneur Mats Paulsson. In 2012 Astra Zeneca with about 10 000 employees in the Region’s six large left Lund, and with the help of Lund University, Region Investment: The budget is 17.7 billion SEK, or 1 843 science parks (see description on the next page). Of Skåne and Mats Paulsson’s foundation, Astra Zeneca’s billion Euros (2013 price level). Sweden is contributing these, about half of the companies and some 4 500 of former premises could be bought and used as the 35%, and Denmark 12.5%. The two host countries are the employees are active in life science. However, not grounds for Medicon Village, which offers access to expected to contribute with 15% of the annual costs.of all of these employees work in life science companies; 40 000 sq.m. of laboratory space. Today in Medicon 1.3 billion SEK, or 140 million Euros. universities and public organisations are also some of Village, about 1 500 people work for companies (14 of Completion: ESS will produce the first neutrons in Copenhagen. When in operations, ESS employ 500 those with representation at many science parks. which are publicly traded), universities, Region Skåne, 2019 and open for external researchers in 2023, and people. The science parks’ growth offers researchers and and European Spallation Source, ESS (which will rent the construction phase will be complete in 2025. International researchers: Between 2 000 to entrepreneurs increasing opportunities to start new space there until its own research facility is comple- Inauguration date is not yet determined. 3 000 researchers are expected to visit ESS annually to companies in close proximity to other development ted). That is more than the number of people that Employees: Currently 375, of whom 22 at DMSC in perform experiments when the facility is fully operational. companies and the universities’ research. worked there when it was Astra Zeneca.

42 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 43 THE BEACONS OF MEDICON VALLEY THE BEACONS OF MEDICON VALLEY

Ideon in Lund with the high-rise Ideon Gateway. COBIS, Copenhagen Scion DTU, Lyngby PHOTO: SCION DTU PHOTO: PHOTO: NEWS ØRESUND PHOTO: PHOTO: NEWS ØRESUND PHOTO:

COPENHAGEN BIO SCIENCE PARK, Incubator: Medeon Incubator Creators Floor in The science parks of the region have varied profiles. new research areas within life science, in close colla- COBIS, Copenhagen Number of companies: 65 and Univate on Amager) Symbion calls itself ‘community offices’ on its website, boration with universities, hospitals and the industry, Owner: The science parks Symbion Number of employees*: about 450 Owner: Symbion Foundation, while Medeon in Malmö emphasises its collaboration says COBIS’ CEO Morten Mølgaard Jensen. and Scion DTU Founded: 1985 Nordea, Lønmodtagernes Dyrtids- with COBIS, Medicon Valley Alliance, SmiLe, Lund, KI He believes that activity within life science is incre- Incubator: Copenhagen Entrepre- fond, Magistrenes Pensionskasse, Science Park in Stockholm and Sahlgrenska Science asing and he points to trends such as gene therapy, neur Lab for Life, CELLS MEDICON VILLAGE, Lund University of Copenhagen and Park in Gothenburg. growing focus on big data and a Number of companies: 81 Owner: Mats Paulsson Founda- Copenhagen Business School COBIS in Copenhagen has ”Openness and merging of IT and life science. Number of employees*: 270 tion for Research, Innovation and Incubator: DTU Symbion Innovation also let space to ESS – it is the networking are a Scion DTU’s CEO Steen Donner Founded: 2009 Societal Development Number of companies: >250 location of the research facility’s also sees a growing interest in life Incubator: Smile, formerly Lund Number of employees*: n/a data management centre DMSC. growing trend.” science companies. IDEON SCIENCE PARK, Lund Life Science Incubator Founded: 1986 COBIS was founded in 2009 by – We find that people are more Owner: The IDEON trademark is Number of companies: >100 the science parks Scion DTU and Symbion in order to interested in investing in life science projects than owned by a foundation for colla- Number of employees*: 1 500 Sources: Representatives from give Copenhagen’s biotechnology companies a good they were just 3 or 4 years ago. There are also greater boration between Lund University Founded: 2012, Foundation est. the science parks and information working environment near Rigshospitalet. demands from the government and individual regions and businesses, ‘Stiftelsen för 2011 from their websites. – Our ambition is to become the centre for the de- for streamlining in hospitals and related tele-areas, for samverkan mellan Lunds University velopment for new companies, new technologies and example telemedicine. We expect that trend to continue. and Näringslivet, SUN’. The buil- SCION DTU, Hørsholm and Lyngby *Number of employees incl. the dings on the original Ideon site are Owner: Technical University of employees of the companies ren- owned by Wihlborgs fastigheter. The Denmark, DTU ting the space trademark company Ideon AB is Incubators: Scion DTU Innovation, owned by the real estate companies The Green Entrepreneur House Wihlborgs, Castellum and Vasa- (Det grønne Væksthus) and DTC. kronan. The data below is for the A Biotech incubator is currently PHOTO: SYMBION PHOTO: PHOTO: NEWS ØRESUND PHOTO: PHOTO: NEWS ØRESUND PHOTO: original Ideon site. being planned. Also makes growth Incubators: Ideon Innovation, The investments such as Vækstmotor Creative Plot, LNC and Venture Lab. and Danish Tech Challenge. Number of companies: about 350 Number of companies: 280, of Number of employees*: >2 700 which about 130 are in life science 21% of the companies are active in Number of employees*: about 3 life science 000, of whom about 1 650 in life Founded: 1983 science Founded: 2004 MEDEON SCIENCE PARK, Malmö Owner: City of Malmö and Wihl- SYMBION, Copenhagen borgs Fastigheter (also runs The Orbit in Ørestad,

44 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 45 NEW COMPANIES IN MEDICON VALLEY PHOTO: LUNDBECK PHOTO:

From a success story to a more sophisticated and stable sector – that’s how the Danish Association of the Pharmaceutical Industry (LIF Denmark) describes the development of Danish biotechnology. Sunstone Capital believes that there is still a lot of potential in Medicon Valley, but wants to get more out of university research.

• According to calculations by with potential milestone pay- • Research ideas are plentiful, the Danish Association of ments of 1.2 billion Euros. but there are too few entre- the Pharmaceutical Indu- preneurs who can take over stry, 200 new jobs are crea- • At the peak, 12-20 biotech- where the researchers leave ted for every billion crowns nology companies were esta- off. That’s what CEO of the that Danish pharmaceutical blished in Denmark annually. Lund-based pharmaceutical exports increase. That number shrunk to 1-2 company Camurus Fredrik companies per year during the Tiberg believes. He has a • Until February 2014, Suns- financial crisis. Now, there are positive outlook and points tone Capital had invested around 6-8 new companies out that there are a number 100 million Euros in Danish every year, and Danish pharma of companies developing very portfolio investments in life biotechnology comprises 100- strongly in the Skåne region. science, leading to down pay- 120 companies, according to ments of 200 million Euros the Danish Association of the from industrial agreements, Pharmaceutical Industry.

DANISH BIOTECH HAS GROWN UP

Danish biotechnology has gotten its bearings after the financial crisis. New companies have been established, although the pre-crisis levels from before the turn of the millennium have yet to be reached. The Danish Association of the Pharmaceutical Industry (LIF Denmark) finds the biotech cluster well balanced today, but notes that it has grown up and is no longer growing as quickly as before.

– Biotech is modern Danish pharma-history. nies like Zeeland Pharma and Symphogen and the Development took off in the 90s, when lots of medium-sized and smaller companies. new biotech companies were being established Allan Skårup Kristensen believes that it is NEW COMPANIES in Denmark. We were up to 12-20 new compa- important to have a realistic picture of what the nies per year. During the financial crisis we were life science sector has to offer as far as new jobs in IN MEDICON VALLEY: down to 1-2 companies, but now we have a pretty Denmark go. reasonable upstart rate of 6-8 companies every – Our statistics show that on average, 200 A well balanced biotech year. Today, Danish pharma biotech is made up new jobs are created for every billion Danish of 100-120 companies, and it has for a few years crowns that exports increase. cluster now. It seems that the sector has reached the The new biotechnology companies don’t usually natural size for a small country like Denmark, and have the protection offered by Danish industrial it depends on the size of the research, says Allan foundations. The companies are more vulnerable Skårup Kristensen, Chief Consultant for Research for acquisition, he says, pointing out how Gilead and Innovation at LIF Denmark. Sciences bought the Danish biotech company – I think that Danish biotech is doing well right EpiTherapeutics and Roche bought the Danish now. We have a good balance between big compa- Santaris Pharma. He also notes that biotech com-

STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 47 NEW COMPANIES IN MEDICON VALLEY NEW COMPANIES IN MEDICON VALLEY panies are very international to begin with. versity, take advantage of what the new generation’s research to production and people with transac- in the past 10-15 years and then looks forward – Biotech companies are born global companies. leaders have to offer and build better management. tion experience. again, he thinks that people overreacted to Novo Take Danish Symphogen, which is based on tech- Peter Benson, Managing Partner at Sunstone Capi- Nordisk’s announcement about pressure on prices nology bought in Boston, and where the company tal in Copenhagen, is an optimist, but with a rather He has a sense that the new generation is gathering in the USA and the decision to cut back staff by now has research activities in the USA, says Allan harsh view of what needs to be changed to boost international experience, but also that management 1 000 employees. Skårup Kristensen. development. But he also knows the returns that takes jobs on both sides of the Öresund Strait – just – I don’t think that Novo Nordisk will lose its There is a new trend where older and larger successful investments in biotech companies can like he himself, who commutes from his home in position as the market leader for insulin. They will biotech companies develop into more traditio- bring to both shareholders and society. Båstad to his office in Copenhagen. continue to be an economic growth motor for nal pharmaceutical companies with their own – I think that the difficulty traveling between Denmark. I think that people should reflect instead manufacturing. Allan Skårup Kristensen uses the Peter Benson has done calculations on the deve- Zealand and Skåne caused by the border con- on the fact that Sweden has been lacking a similar vaccine manufacturer Bavarian Nordic in nort- lopments in Sunstone Capital’s Danish portfolio trols has an effect on companies with commu- growth motor since the 1990s. hern Zealand as an example of a company that investments up to and including 1 February 2014. ting personnel. It’s a practical problem that has already gone in that direction, and points out – We had invested a total of 100 million Euros, needs a solution. that Symphogen is now faced with the decision which led to co-investors investing another 248 Increasing internationalisation has also led to ”We gladly recruit from Denmark” of whether to make the same choice. million Euros. That led to down payments from more international investors finding their way to Fredrik Tiberg is the CEO of the research-based As Allan Skårup Kristensen sees it, funding industrial contracts of 200 million Euros, with the region. Peter Benson says that in Denmark, pharmaceutical company Camurus at Ideon in is not the big problem that new biotechnology potential milestone payments of 1.2 billion Euros. more than eight companies’ have been sold for over Lund; a company that was established in 1991 companies face, even if he recognises that there He remembers a time when Medicon Valley 100 million dollars in the past ten years. and is currently on the brink of a breakthrough are certain difficulties for young seed companies like Genmab, Zeeland Based on his Danish-Swedish according to the Swedish business companies to bring in money in the Pharma, Santaris Pharma, Bavarian experience, Peter Benson notes that newspaper Dagens Industri. He emp- early stage. Nordic and Symphogen were part of the neighbouring countries have hasises the importance of long-term – If the idea is good, the money is the creation of the Danish biotech different strengths and weaknesses. owners. there. There is no shortage of capital marvel when they were founded On the Danish side of Medicon – Our successes are due to a focus in the world. around the turn of the millennium. Valley there is functioning seed and on the long-term, both in ownership PHOTO: NEWS ØRESUND PHOTO:

He has seen the Danish life science He was also there when the wave of early stage funding, with important CAPITAL SUNSTONE PHOTO: and company leadership. We have cluster go from being a more peripheral success ebbed during the financial actors like Novo Seeds, the Lundbeck intentionally developed technologies sector to a Danish growth marvel. crisis, but he also sees indications that Foundation and Sunstone Capital. and products and recently created – Danish bacon and butter were the direction is changing again, not – Seed funding works well in conditions for continued expansion the largest export products for deca- least for their own investment in the Denmark and poorly in Sweden. with our stock market listing last year, des. Then it was oil from the North Allan Skårup Kristiansen, Lund-based Ideon company Alligator Then there are the two phases of Peter Benson, Managing says Fredrik Tiberg. Sea, and today pharmaceuticals are Chief Consultant – Research Bioscience, which made a multibil- funding, with venture capital that Partner of Danish Sunstone Camurus’ majority shareholder is the single most important export and Innovation, LIF Denmark. lion-crown transaction with Janssen takes the early phase, and then Capital’s life science team. called Sandberg Development, and sector in Denmark. Biotech last year. Peter Benson believes that the cross-over players who invest in the companies’ is a family-owned company that was founded by – The pharmaceutical industry has always been biotechnology cluster in Medicon Valley still has a IPO, and then the later stage funding, which is a well-known entrepreneur from the electricity here; the big companies are 80-100 years old. But lot to offer and gives a tip that the next star in their mostly found in the USA. As far as stock market sector in Malmö. politicians and journalists have only become aware investment portfolio can be Galecto Biotech, which listings go, it turns out that there is endless Fredrik Tiberg does not agree with those who of the sector in the past 10-15 years, and that is is at COBIS in Copenhagen. capital in Sweden, while there haven’t been any talk about the difficulties finding capital for new because the big Danish pharmaceutical companies – I think that there is still a lot of growth poten- new listings in Denmark after Zeeland Pharma’s companies. have been a growth success. tial in biotech. But we have to get more out of the listing in 2010. – In general, access to capital is relatively good in – All of the companies contributed to the universities – both the University of Copenhagen Another difference that Peter Benson points Sweden, since we have a functioning infrastructure rapid growth. In the past 6-8 years, Novo Nord- and Lund University. We need a better flow from out concerns the researcher exception, which was with everything from private investors with interests isk in particular has driven growth. But now the universities to the industry. And it will take a lot removed from the Danish universities in 2000. in the sector to venture capital companies. I think they have stopped hiring, and things are looking of effort in Skåne, and better access to capital that is Whilst Swedish researchers are permitted to that we hold our own quite well, at least in the better for H. Lundbeck. And LEO Pharma has still concentrated in the Stockholm-Uppsala region. keep ownership rights to their innovations at the early phase. We may not have the financial brawn an innovation lab in the USA where the interface – As the company’s owners, we have a lot universities, Danish researchers must rely more that they have in the USA. When it comes to large between pharmaceuticals and apps for medicine of responsibility for the internationalisation of on tech-transfer organisations and incubators. investments I don’t think that Sweden has really had use are being developed. the companies, but also to create balance as far According to LIF Denmark, the number of newly the necessary capacity to scale up operations, acqui- as experience from the key areas like produc- started biotechnology companies has been higher in re and undergo strategic expansion processes. tion, clinics, price strategies and transactions Sweden than in Denmark, whilst the rate of survival Even if there are public companies from Lund ”We need to get more out of the universities” are concerned, but also as far as the balance in has been higher in Denmark – probably due to like Active Biotech and Bioinvent whose develop- There is still a lot of growth potential in Medicon gender, geography and cultural experiences goes. more highly developed funding possibilities. ment has been less favourable, Fredrik Tiberg be- Valley’s biotech cluster, but we need to get more out Peter Benson points out that a new generation When Peter Benson looks back at the Danish lieves that there are also companies in the region of the University of Copenhagen and Lund Uni- of leaders is being developed in everything from pharmaceutical companies’ greatest successes with very strong indications of growth.

48 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 49 NEW COMPANIES IN MEDICON VALLEY NEW COMPANIES IN MEDICON VALLEY

– I see no reasons for pessimism in my local where the researchers leave off. Difficulties raising an idea from the university and the need for a environment. capital for new biotechnology companies mean that CEO to push the project forward. SOME IMPORTANT INVESTORS He is more worried about the hefty industrial many are enticed to become publicly traded too Ebba Fåhraeus does not find ideas from IN MEDICON VALLEY part of the Swedish pharmaceutical industry be- early – that’s how Ebba Fåhraeus, CEO of SmiLe academic research to be lacking. Instead, she ing dismantled. In the short-term, it can contri- Incubator in Lund, sees it. would like to see better incentives for researchers Novo Nordisk Foundation bute to positive development with demerger to present more ideas for finished products and Novo Nordisk Foundation’s holding company Novo companies, but in the long-term it poses a threat She starts the conversation a bit cautiously. “I companies. A/S is not only the primary shareholder in the to the sector’s development, says Fredrik Tiberg. haven’t been in the sector more than one and SmiLe Incubator is run by a foundation with publicly noted Novo Nordisk and Novozymes, but Locally in Lund, Astra Zeneca was a sort half years,” says Ebba Fåhraeus. But it’s clear she funding from the initiators Region Skåne, Lund also works with investments in Novo Seeds, Novo of nursery, spreading competence to the new knows what she’s talking about. She has a long Municipality, Lund University and Medicon Ventures and Large Investments. development companies. Certainly, the successful background in research and research companies, Village. Danish pharmaceutical companies are within and she’s also involved in the networking company – Right now we have 25 companies with Lundbeck Foundation commuting distance, but the introduction of bor- Connect, as well in the Faculty of Medicine at 130 men and women of 20 different nationali- In addition to being the primary shareholder of H. der controls has restricted mobility Lund University. It doesn’t take long ties working in the Lundbeck, ALK- Abelló and Falck, the founda- between Denmark and Sweden. before she expresses concern about new, incubator, says Ebba tion works with investments with the Lundbeck foundation Invest and the Lundbeck Foundation – We like to look for interna- small biotech companies being enticed Fåhraeus. Ventures. tional competence and we like to on to the stock exchange too quickly. – In this world, the PHOTO: CAMURUS PHOTO: recruit from Denmark, where we “It’s not a good thing”. Getting stuck incubator’s role is to Sunstone Capital still have leading international in a quarterly-driven economy and full SMILE INCUBATOR PHOTO: create an environment With approximately EUR 700 million Euros in companies like Novo Nordisk and transparency too early is hard, and it that resembles a large funds, Copenhagen-based Sunstone Capital is an Lundbeck. But the border controls takes up too much of a CEO’s time in company in so far as important investor in European start-up compa- have definitely affected us. Right small companies – time that is needed the competence of a nies focused on life science and technology. now we only have two staff mem- to push the project forward. large company is here, bers who live in Denmark. Fredrik Tiberg, CEO of the Ebba Fåhraeus, CEO of SmiLe but spread out among DANISH COMPANIES LISTED IN SWEDEN – But poor mobility is also a pharmaceutical company Attracting capital to the new seed Incubator at Medicon Village different companies. classic Scandinavian problem. Re- Camurus at Ideon in Lund. companies is a challenge. Access to in Lund. An indication that Saniona cruiting specialist competencies is a challenge. seed capital is more limited in the Skåne regi- the many small companies really can work together R&D company that chose to stock exchange-lis- He points out an important change that took on than in Stockholm and Copenhagen. Ebba and function like a virtual big business is that 60% of ting in Sweden that started at Aktietorget 2014 place after the large pharmaceutical companies in Fåhraeus hopes that the new foundation structure the companies at SmiLe buy services from the other and has now gone on First North with the aim to reach Nasdaq Stockholm’s main list. Sweden were dismantled. that the Swedish government is working on will companies in the incubator. A large, communal lab – Before, smaller biotechnology companies include a foundation destined for early stage life environment reinforces the kinship even further. Nuevolution could find more experienced employees in the science development. Biotech company listed on Nasdaq Stockholm larger companies. Now, we have to search for and – If the risk involved in investing in early Stock Exchange’s First North list. attract younger talents to the sector. stage life science were smaller and the amount of Fredrik Tiberg finds it important that the helpful money from the government larger, then BIG COMPANIES INVESTMENTS ARE DOMINANT new materials research facilities MAX IV and companies could develop more before entering a European Spallation Source (ESS) will offer an stock market situation, says Ebba Fåhraeus. Novo Nordisk opportunity to perform advanced research. But But she also points out the grave shortage of In 2015 decisions were made to invest more than 17 he emphasises that success is not a given. experienced entrepreneurs that can take over the billion DKK in a new factory and a new filling plant – MAX IV and ESS have a lot to show; they baton from researchers. in Hillerød, two new factories in Måløv and North PHOTO: THOMAS ALTHIN ©CAMURUS AB ©CAMURUS THOMAS ALTHIN PHOTO: are large investments. A strong research and –Without entrepreneurs, there is no funding. Carolina, USA, and another factory in Kalundborg. university environment always benefits the There is a connection. But even with a good industry. However, it is also important that the entrepreneur it’s hard to find funding. Novozymes project develops positively and produces impor- Will open its new Innovation Campus at the Tech- tant and interesting results. It is very much up to Otherwise, she finds the biotechnology sector in nical University of Denmark (DTU) in Lyngby-Taar- institutions to vigorously and innovatively show the Skåne region relatively good. bæk, with room for 800 employments. NCC will the potential and usefulness that these advanced – My impression is that there is a lot of acti- build it for 662 million DKK. research facilities can generate. vity. An enormous amount is happening in the Ferring smaller companies. There are a lot of very good Investing billions of crowns in its new research ideas from research, but it’s difficult to find entre- ”Shortage of experienced entrepreneurs” facility Soundport near Kastrup with a view of preneurs with the influence and experience to run the Öresund. There are a lot of good research ideas at Lund Uni- these companies. I receive a lot of requests from versity, but too few entrepreneurs who can take over companies looking for a CEO; perhaps there is

50 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 51 BENCHMARK OF RESEARCH QUALITY

PHOTO: THOMAS ALTHIN ©CAMURUS AB ©CAMURUS THOMAS ALTHIN PHOTO: Not surprisingly, the strongest research in life science in the Greater Copenhagen is at the largest universities. The University of Copenhagen is consistently at the top in terms of rankings, publication volume and frequent citations, and its research of metabolic disorders, diabetes, neuroscience and plant biology are considered some of the areas of excellence. Independent assessments have also acknowledged research in neuroscience and diabetes at Lund University as globally leading. But the spectrum of life science rese- arch in the region is broader than that. There are a total of nine learning insti- tutions in Region Skåne and in Zealand that perform research in life science.

• The University of Copen- neuroscience and diabetes, as • At Roskilde Universi- hagen ranks highest on inter- well as in in the fields of cli- ty, Aalborg University in national lists, followed by nical coagulation, cancer and Copenhagen and Kristian- Lund University and DTU. reproduction, among others. stad University (Sweden), Copenhagen University also life science research takes has the most peer-reviewed • The Technical University of place on a smaller scale. articles in scientific journals Denmark (DTU) is also in- The Copenhagen School of and the greatest number vesting in life science research Design and Technology also of articles in the most-ci- and will soon inaugurate large, has a research project in the ted journals, according to new, buildings for bioengi- field of optometry. CWTS Leiden Ranking. neering, biotechnology, food, veterinary and water research. • The research facilities ESS • Life science research and MAX IV will entail great excels at the University of • Malmö University performs possibilities for life science Copenhagen in the areas of successful research in the research in the region. Life metabolic diseases, diabetes, field of biological surface science accounts for the ma- immunology, inflammations, chemistry and biofilm, whilst jority of the research perfor- cancer, neuroscience, protein the Swedish University of Ag- med at existing synchrotron science, plant biology and ricultural Sciences (SLU) in light/radiation facilities such food science, to name a few. Alnarp is strong in chemical as MAX IV, and ESS will ecology and plant biotechno- greatly increase the opportu- • Lund University has a logy for the development of nities for life science to also thriving research culture in specific oil qualities. use the source facilities.

BENCHMARK OF RESEARCH QUALITY: EXCELLENT RESEARCH IN NEUROSCIENCE 9 universities and AND DIABETES learning institutions in Greater Copenhagen has a wide academic spectrum within life science, with nine places of learning where research in the field takes place. There is globally leading diabetes research and Medicon Valley conduct neuroscience research at the University of Copenhagen and Lund University. These universities also have other strong areas of life science research, for example in metabolic diseases and life science research plant biology. Furthermore, DTU and Malmö University are highly advanced in fields like bioengi- neering and biological surface chemistry.

STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 53 BENCHMARK OF RESEARCH QUALITY BENCHMARK OF RESEARCH QUALITY

Diabetes, neuroscience, cancer, reproduction and nal reputation, which improves with a good ranking structural biology are some examples of strong rese- result, and thus also influences how many talented arch areas on both sides of the Strait. In many cases, international researchers they can attract. they are globally leading. The regional collaboration between the universities is The fields that have grown strong is in part a primarily national, between Danish or Swedish places of question of local traditions, but to a great degree it learning respectively. However, there are also connec- MALMÖ UNIVERESITY PHOTO: is also a question of what funding is available. Large tions across the Strait; of these, the collaboration on foundations like the Novo Nordisk Foundation and reproduction research is one of the best known. the Lundbeck Foundation have contributed to resear- Life science research on both sides of the Strait is ch in for example diabetes and neuroscience, as well also preparing to take full advantage of the research as to the creation of research centres like the Novo facilities ESS and MAX IV. Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research at the University of Copenhagen. University of Copenhagen Malmö University. Life science research at the University of Copenhagen The most prominent of the region’s institutions for takes place at the Faculty of Health and Medical Sci- higher education – if one is to believe the most ences and at the Faculty of Science. Metabolic diseases, prestigious of the interna- diabetes, immunology, inflamma- tional ranking lists – is the tions and cancer are some of the of Copenhagen’s research in Big Data, which is an The Faculty of Science also performs research University of Copenhagen. ”The fields that have main areas of research at the Faculty important area for life science, where large quantities for the development of more effective medicine. For a long time, but with grown strong is in of Health and Medical Sciences, says of data need to be managed. The research centres LP3 (Lund Protein Produc- increased intensity in the part a question of Vice Dean Sven Frøkjær. He also tion Platform), CEBMMS (Center of Excellence past five years, the university points out neuroscience and stem Lund University in Biological and Medical Mass Spectrometry) and has worked hard and with local traditions, but cell research and protein research in There are three faculties with research areas in life MicLU (Microscopy Community at Lund Universi- determination to recruit in- to a great degree general. A strong, globally leading science at Lund University: The Faculty of Medicine, ty) are interdisciplinary, with an active and creative ternational researchers. That research group for glycomics is also the Faculty of Science, and the Faculty of Engine- collaboration between the three faculties. is one explanation for why it is also a question pointed out. Furthermore, the Uni- ering (LTH). Neuroscience research and diabetes the University of Copenha- of what funding is versity of Copenhagen has a strong research at Lund University are considered globally The Technical University of Denmark (DTU) gen has been able to increase international profile in the fields of leading by independent assessors. The research area Research within life science at DTU is primarily at its number of publications in available.” Healthy Aging and Drug Delivery, cardiology, which is linked to a clinic, also has a the following institutes: DTU Vet/National Veteri- prestigious journals and earn he reports. strong position, says Gunilla Westergren-Thorsson, nary Institute, DTU Food/National Food Institute, a high ranking on the lists, says Morten Pejrup, The Faculty’s website also mentions the areas Dean of the Faculty of Medicine. Neuroscience has DTU Aqua, DTU Biosustain, DTU Bioinforma- Associate Dean for Research at the Faculty of cardiology and cardiac disease research and the basic been one of Lund’s strong areas for a long time, as tics and DTU Bioengineering (the latter two were Science at the University of Copenhagen. understanding of the body’s energy balance. has coagulation research. The latter is a small, but formerly Systems Biology). In addition, a number The university has also worked systematically to The Faculty of Science is a fusion of Copen- nonetheless important and successful area at the of other institutions perform some research in life hire only people considered to have the potential to hagen’s former Royal Veterinary and Agricultural university. Cancer research at Lund University is also science, namely DTU Chemistry, DTU Chemical become professors within eight to ten years, he reports. University and the former Faculty of Life Sciences strong, although somewhat more sprawling, says Gu- Engineering, DTU Electrical Engineering, DTU at the University of Copenhagen, which has also nilla Westergren-Thorsson. She also mentions mass Nanotech and DTU Mechanical Engineering. Lund University also places relatively high on most had an influence on what areas have grown strong spectrometry, which has its very own interdisciplina- DTU’s strategic goal is to strengthen its research university ranking lists, although generally not as and successful. Among other things there is a strong ry centre – the Center of Excellence in Biological and in life science and bioengineering. One way that the high as the University of Copenhagen – something research environment for plant and environmental Medical Mass Spectrometry (CEBMMS) – as well as university is doing this is by investing in a new life that Gunilla Westergren-Thorsson, Dean at the sciences. The Copenhagen Plant Science Center, clinical diagnostics with NGS technology. science and bioengineering complex at the Lyngby Faculty of Medicine at Lund University believes whose research areas include plant biology and mo- In addition, there is reproduction research, with Campus for DTU Aqua, DTU Food and DTU Vet. is due in part to Copenhagen being a capital city; lecular plant biology, was established with internal various collaborations between Lund University Another new complex will contribute to bioengine- it therefore has an advantage over Lund when it funds from the University of Copenhagen in 2012 and the University of Copenhagen. One example is ering research. According to DTU it is one of the comes to resource distribution. in order to strengthen the field further. Biological the research collaboration and interregional project global leaders of its kind, and it will house DTU Neither she nor Sven Frøkjær, who was until production has also been indicated as an overall area ReproUnion, in which Lund University, Skåne Uni- Biosustain – Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for recently Vice Dean for Business and International of strength for the university. versity Hospital and others participate, along with Biosustainability (CBF). Both of the buildings will Relations at the Faculty of Health and Medical Research areas also include food – it is a notable the pharmaceutical company Ferring, Rigshospitalet be ready for use at the end of 2016, and they will Sciences at the University of Copenhagen, wants to area at the Faculty of Science as well as at the Faculty and a number of other Danish hospitals. have space for almost 1 000 employees. count too much on the university’s ranking, since it of Health and Medical Sciences. The development The university’s website also refers to areas such depends on which parameters are being measured. of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) as epidemiology, stem cells and regenerative medici- Malmö University Success begets success, however, since the ranking is also internationally renowned, reports Associate ne, as well as nano science and nano technology as Research in life science takes place at a number of lists are often based in part on university’s internatio- Dean Morten Pejrup. He emphasises the University strategic research areas at the Faculty of Medicine. faculties at Malmö University: The Faculty of Health

54 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 55 BENCHMARK OF RESEARCH QUALITY BENCHMARK OF RESEARCH QUALITY and Society (HS), the Faculty of Odontology (OD), founded in 1998, when the strongest research skills Arnebrant, they will most definitely also be used to nt. The research areas are Eukaryotic Cell Biology, the Faculty of Technology and Society (TS). All fa- at the new college were gathered in one group. benefit the life science area. Molecules and General Physiology. culties are involved in the cross-faculty research centre Some of the most prominent research groups resear- Biofilms-Research Center for Biointerfaces (BRCB). ch biological interfaces/ biological medicine, microbial The Swedish University of Agricultural Scien- Aalborg University in Copenhagen The foremost area of excellence in life science, biofilms, oral prosthetics, implantations, mathematical ces (SLU) in Alnarp Two departments at Aalborg University in Copen- which is also one of Malmö University’s overall modelling, and materials, the university reports. There is SLU has one faculty in Alnarp: The Faculty of hagen are dedicated to life science research: The strongest areas, is biological interfaces and biofilm. also excellent research in the odontological field. Landscape Architecture, Horticulture and Crop Department of Clinical Medicine, whose research According to Vice Dean Thomas Arnebrant, it is on Malmö University will be a formal Swedish uni- Production Science (LTV). Five departments in the also takes place in Aalborg, and the Department of par with international research of the highest class. versity beginning on 1 January 2018. That will entail faculty – Plant Breeding; Plant Protection Scien- Chemistry and Bioscience. The area was established when Malmö University was sizeable resources for research; according to Thomas ce; Biosystems and Technology; Work Science, Economy and Environmental Psychology; and Kristianstad University ARTICLES, CITATIONS AND CO-PUBLICATIONS Landscape Architecture, Planning and Manage- In the research environment MEAL (Food and ment – perform research that falls into the category Meals in Everyday Life), specifically in the area of Number of peer-reviewed ar- citations increases annually, nals focus on publishing over- life science. Research at each of these departments Nutrition, is where life science research takes place at ticles, citations and articles the number of citations for view pieces, which in general connects to medicinal issues, but on a smaller scale. Kristianstad University. Three areas on the cutting edge of life science co-published with internatio- 2010 and 2015 cannot not be contain far more citations than research at SLU are chemical ecology, biomass-based Københavns Erhvervsakademi nal researchers are based on compared. Too much emphasis original articles. Impact factor material and components and plant biotechnology At the Copenhagen School of Design and Tech- information provided by the should not be placed on the is furthermore merely an indi- for the development of new oil qualities, says SLU. nology there is a research project in life science in universities. Figures are for number of articles in journals cation of how often an average Optometry, in the Programme Area of Technology. the publications of research- with an impact factor (IF) over article is cited in a particular Roskilde University ers at the selected faculties/ 30, as certain topics are over- journal, not an indication of the Life science research at Roskilde University takes departments. represented in journals of that individual articles’ contribution place at the Department of Science and Environme- Since the number of level. The majority of the jour- to that factor.

2015 2015 2015 2010 2010 2010 2015 2010 2015 2010

Peer-reviewed of which co-publis- Per cent Peer-reviewed of which co-publis- Per cent Citations* Citations* Articles in journals Articles in journals articles hed with internatio- co-published articles hed with internatio- co-published IF>30** IF>30** nal researchers nal researchers

Lund University 2 861 1 780 62.2 2 340 1 289 55,1 11 651 73 747 41 39

Faculty of Medicine 2 248 1 358 60.4 1 789 941 52,6 9 136 60 030 n.a. n.a. Department of Biology 282 202 71.6 252 148 58,7 985 6 349 n.a. n.a. Department of Chemistry 325 220 67.7 326 222 68,1 1 175 7 965 n.a. n.a. DTU*** 868 539 62.1 542 296 54,6 3 520 16 651 39 13

Malmö University 249 121 48.6 166 46 27,7 n.a. n.a. 0 0

RUC 21 22**** n.a. 16 27*** n.a. n.a. n.a. 0 0

SLU in Alnarp n.a. ca 75 n.a. n.a. ca 75 n.a. n.a. n.a. 0 0

Kristianstad University 17 6 0.35 Did not have life n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 0 0 science research in 2010 ty in one or more of the following scientific journals: Annual University of Copenhagen was unable to provide information Roskilde University. on articles, citations and co-publications for this report but Review of Immunology, CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, expects to be able to provide them for next year’s report. Chemical Reviews, Chemical Society Reviews, JAMA The Aalborg University did not provide information and Copen- Journal of the American Medical Association, The Lancet, hagen School of Design and Technology did not publish any Nature Genetics, Nature Medicine, Nature Reviews Cancer, PHOTO: NEWS ØRESUND PHOTO: articles. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, Nature Review Genetics, Nature Reviews Immunology, Nature Reviews Molecular Sources: Lund University: Scopus and the university’s own Cell Biology, Nature, New England Journal of Medicine, database; DTU: Thomson Reuters’ Science Citation Index, Physiological Reviews, Science. Malmö University: Web of Science and PubMed (2015); *** The figures are based on a search of researchers from Other: the universities’ own registers the following institutions: DTU Vet, DTU Food,DTU Aqua, DTU *Not comparable due to different periods of comparison Biosustain, DTU Biosustain and DTU Bioengineering **Number of publications for all researchers at the universi- ****Also includes articles that have not been peer-reviewed.

56 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 57 BENCHMARK OF RESEARCH QUALITY BENCHMARK OF RESEARCH QUALITY

CWTS LEIDEN RANKING (BIOMEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES) – BASED ENTIRELY ON PUBLICATIONS AND CITATIONS will suffice for users to send in technology called bioimaging. To- to publish their research will have CWTS Leiden Ranking is based exclusively top of the institutions in Greater Copenhagen; it samples, and experiments can mas Lundqvist expects that there to pay. At other, similar facilities, will be a beamline of this kind the industry accounts for between on the number of peer-reviewed articles and claims that this is due in part to its goal-oriented then be performed from home via internet. at the facility, since interest in it 5 and 10% of the direct use, says citations by researchers at an institution. The recruitment of international researchers. Most is growing exponentially within Tomas Lundqvist, but if one looks ranking also shows the percentage of each of the region’s universities have improved their According to Tomas Lundqvist, medical and other life science at collaborations between the in- institution’s articles that have been published in results in the past five years. Roskilde Univer- MAX IV - whose intensive and research, as more and more dustry and academia, the number the most cited journals for the area and year in sity and Malmö University are not in the CWTS more laser-like light will be realise the unique opportunities of companies using the facilities is question. The University of Copenhagen is at the Leiden Ranking at all. globally unique - will be an ideal to study biological matter and significantly higher. For example, facility for studying biology. From life processes that these kinds of MAX IV’s predecessor MaxLab was the molecular level, for example beamlines offer. utilised by Novo Nordisk to further 2011- 2006- 2011- 2011- 2006- 2006- 2011- 2011- 2006- 2006- develop insulin treatments for the 2014 2009 2014 2014 2009 2009 2014 2014 2009 2009 with BioMAX, to cells and various The MAX IV facility has been tissue types at any of the be- inaugurated, but research will diabetics. Number Number P (top 1 PP (top P (top 1 PP (top P (top 10 PP (top P (top 10 PP (top amlines that work with imaging begin to really take off next of publi- of publi- %) 1 %) %) 1 %) %) 10 %) %) 10 %) cations cations technology, or imaging, as it is autumn. The beamlines and often called. experiment set-ups are not quite KU 6864 4406 95 1.4% 59 1.3% 910 13.3% 545 12.4% ready yet, and the large acce- LU 3787 3629 27 0.7% 29 0.8% 378 10.0% 311 8.6% However, a number of the lerators where the synchrotron beamlines considered crucial for light is produced needs optimi-

DTU 598 431 9 1.6% 4 1.0% 68 11.4% 48 11.1% NEWS ØRESUND PHOTO: the life science sector have yet to sations before they are readyfor SLU 374 314 4 1.1% 2 0.6% 30 8.1% 21 6.7% receive full funding. Among these regular use. AAU 466 309 2 0.4% 1 0.4% 38 8.1% 20 6.5% is the beamline BioMedMAX, It is free to use MAX IV on the which will be globally leading condition that research results are KU = University of Copenhagen, LU = Lund University, DTU = Technical University of Denmark, SLU = Swedish University of in the rapidly expanding area of published; those who do not wish Agricultural Sciences, AAU = Aalborg University. Malmö University, Kristianstad University and RUC are not ranked.

The CWTS Leiden Ranking is based exclusively on bibliographic data from the Web of Science database of Thomson Reuters (Scientific), Inc., Philadelphia, PA, USA. ESS – WILL BE OPEN FOR MANY TYPES OF EXPERIMENTS P(top 1%) and PP(top 1%). The number and the proportion ve ones, which leads to a more proper field normalization of im- of a university’s publications that, compared with other pact indicators. The CWTS Leiden Ranking is based on so-called European Spallation Source, un- following research areas, among publications in the same field and in the same year, belong core publications, which are a subset of all publications in Web der construction in Lund with a others: NEWS ØRESUND PHOTO: to the top 1% most frequently cited. of Science. Core publications are publications in international data centre in Copenhagen, will, - Structural biology, for which P(top 10%) and PP(top 10%). The number and the propor- scientific journals in fields that are suitable for citation analysis. when the facility opens to rese- there will be a specifically dedi- tion of a university’s publications that, compared with other archers in 2023, provide neutron cated instrument. This can for publications in the same field and in the same year, belong We have chosen to use the sub-category Biomedical and Health beams that are up to 100 times example deliver data necessary to the top 10% most frequently cited. Science in this report as it corresponds most closely to the stronger than those at the cur- for structurally-based pharma- definition of life science that we use. Another possible category, A fractional counting method is used in the above tabel. It gives Life and Earth Sciences, corresponds only partially to the topics rently leading neutron research ceutical development. As with Max IV, those from aca- less weight to collaborative publications than to non-collaborati- in our definition of choice. facilities. That means that it will - Methods that enable the study demia as well as the industry will be possible for life science rese- of the structure and dynamics be able to apply for slots of time to archers to perform significantly in more complex systems that perform research at ESS. The use more types of experiments than cannot be crystallised. of ESS will be free for those who MAX IV – COUNTING ON A LOT OF LIFE SCIENCE RESEARCH they can today; researchers are - Development of materials publish their research results, but thus expected to utilise more of that help medicine enter into the those who would rather keep their the research time at ESS than the body, for example via gels or pills. results to themselves will have The synchrotron light facility in lities around the globe is related or experiment stations at which a average 10-15% common at si- - Prosthetic material that can to pay. At other similar facilities, Lund, which was inaugurated this to life science, reports MAX IV’s significant part of life science re- milar facilities around the world. operate in a biological environ- companies purchase 2-3% of the June, will give the region’s univer- Life Science Director Tomas search will take place. The first is Senior Advisor Sindra Petersson ment. research time, but if one looks at sity researchers and life science Lundqvist. He expects that there BioMAX, which is specialised for Årsköld at ESS expects that the In addition to the instrument collaborations between universi- companies access to new kinds of will also be many users from the macromolecular crystallography, facility will become extremely for structural biology, Sindra ties and the industry it becomes experiments right on their home life science sector in Lund. in the area of Structural Biology. important for regional research Petersson Årsköld expects that at apparent that 30-40% of the time turf. A large part of the research For the time being, decisions have Experiments with BioMAX will be in life science. least five other instruments will be is effectively used for industry-re- performed at other similar faci- been made to build five beamlines very fast and highly automated; it ESS will contribute to the utilisable for life science research. lated research projects.

58 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 59 BENCHMARK OF RESEARCH QUALITY BENCHMARK OF RESEARCH QUALITY SHANGHAI RANKING TIMES HIGHER EDUCATION

OVERALL RANKING LIST (2016) Field LIFE* (2015) Field MED* (2015) WORLD UNIVERSITY RANKINGS (2015-2016) (Total of 500 on the list) Life and Agriculture Sciences Clinical Medicine and Pharmacy (Total of 800 on the list) (Total of 200 on the list) (Total of 200 on the list) 1 California Institute of Technology (USA)

1 Harvard University (USA) 1 Harvard University (USA) 1 Harvard University (USA) NEWS ØRESUND PHOTO: 2 University of Oxford (UK) 2 Stanford University (USA) 2 Cambridge University (UK) 2 University of California, San Francisco (USA) 3 Stanford University (USA) 3 University of California, Berkeley (USA) 3 Stanford University (USA) 3 University of Washington (USA) 28 Karolinska Institutet 30 University of Copenhagen 31 Karolinska Institutet 12 Karolinska Institutet 81 Uppsala University 44 Karolinska Institutet 39 University of Copenhagen 45 University of Gothenburg 82 University of Copenhagen 60 Uppsala University 51-75 Lund University 51-75 Uppsala University 90 Lund University 65 University** 76-100 SLU* 76-100 University of Copenhagen 106 Aarhus University** 81 Stockholm University 101-150 Aarhus University** 101-150 Aarhus University** 136 Stockholm University 101-150 Lund University 101-150 DTU 101-150 University of Southern Denmark 155 KTH ABOUT THE RANKING LISTS 151-200 DTU 101-150 University of Gothenburg 151-200 Lund University 167 DTU 151-200 University of Gothenburg 101-150 Stockholm University 151-200 Umeå University The three ranking lists selected are some of the most prestigio- 180 University of Gothenburg us in the world. Shanghai Ranking has been published since 2009 201-300 Aalborg University* 101-150 Umeå University 201-250 Aalborg University* by the independent organisation Shanghai Ranking Consultancy, 201-300 Chalmers 151-200 Uppsala University but was already established by Shanghai Jiao Tong University in 201-250 Chalmers 201-300 KTH 2003. Times Higher Education has been published in the epony- University of Copenhagen. 201-250 CBS** mous journal since 2004 and is reviewed by Pricewaterhouse- 201-300 SLU* Coopers (PwC). QS World University Rankings has been released 201-250 SLU* 301-400 Linköping University by the British student advisory company Quacquarelli Symonds 251-300 Linköping University (QS) since 2011. 301-400 Umeå University 251-300 Umeå University 301-400 University of Southern Denmark KU - HEINE PEDERSEN PHOTO: SHANGHAI RANKING transfer), of which the first 301-350 University of Southern Denmark 401-500 School of Economics, Stockholm The Shanghai ranking rates three carry the greatest weight 301-350 Örebro University over 1 200 universities based (30% each) and the latter two on several indicators of acade- 7.5 and 2.5% respectively. QS WORLD UNIVERSITY RANKINGS mic or research performance, WORLD UNIVERSITY RANKINGS (2016) By Faculty - Life Sciences and Medicine By Faculty - Natural Science World Reputation Rankings (2016) including alumni and staff that World Reputation Rankings (Total of 916 on the list) (2015) (2015) (Total of 102 on the list) have won Nobel Prizes and The 2016 rankings are based (Total of 400 on the list) (Totalt of 400 on the list) 1 Harvard University (USA) Fields Medals (10 and 20% of on a survey carried out 1 Massachusetts Institute of Technology 1 Harvard University (USA) 1 Massachusetts Institute of Technology the total result respectively); between January 2016 and 2 Massachusetts Institute of Technology (USA) (MIT) (USA) (MIT) (USA) highly cited researchers (20%); March 2016, which received a 3 Stanford University (USA) 2 Stanford University (USA) 2 University of Cambridge (UK) 2 Harvard University (USA) papers published in Nature total of 10 323 responses from 51-60 Karolinska Institutet and Science (20%); papers 133 countries. 3 Harvard University (USA) 3 University of Oxford (UK) 3 University of Cambridge (UK) indexed in major citation indi- 91-100 Lund University 68 University of Copenhagen 9 Karolinska Institutet 54 University of Copenhagen ces (20%); and the per capita QS WORLD UNIVERSITY 78 Lund University 24 University of Copenhagen 80 DTU academic performance of an RANKINGS institution (10%). QS World University Rankings 97 KTH 56 Uppsala University 90 Stockholm University * Has a branch in the region. ** Located or has a branch in the region, rates more than 3 800 univer- 98 Uppsala University 60 Aarhus University** 93 KTH but does not perform life science research TIMES HIGHER EDUCATION sities based on six perfor- 109 DTU 86 Lund University 93 Lund University in the region. Times Higher Education ranks mance indicators, two based 1 200 universities around on major global surveys 117 Aarhus University** 99 University of Gothenburg 95 Aarhus University** the world. The ranking is – academic reputation (40% 139 Chalmers 196 Stockholm University 99 Uppsala University Lund University. based on 13 indicators in five of the score) and employer 196 Stockholm University 218 Umeå University 146 Chalmers areas: Teaching (the learning reputation (10%) – and four on environment); Research (vo- ‘hard’ data – student-to-fa- 264 University of Gothenburg 254 SLU* 333 Linköping University lume, income and reputation); culty ratio (20%); citations per

282 Linköping University 254 University of Southern Denmark 363 University of Gothenburg - NINA RANSMYR LU PHOTO: Citations (research influence); faculty (20%); international International outlook (staff, faculty ratio (5%) internatio- 294 Umeå University 263 DTU students and research); nal student ratio (5%). 374 Aalborg University* 304 Linköping University Industry income (knowledge

Källa:390 University XX of Southern Denmark 390 Malmö University

60 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 61 BENCHMARK OF RESEARCH QUALITY BENCHMARK OF RESEARCH QUALITY

UNIVERSITIES AND RESEARCHERS IN THE REGION Nine educational institutions in Greater Copenhagen perform research of some kind in life HIGH QUALITY OF LIFE IN THE NORDIC CITIES science. Research activity ranges from a single research group to extensive research in mul- tiple faculties. Life science’s broad scope means that life science research often spans mul- When it comes to the recruitment of international researchers to universities and companies, it is not merely a question of attracting them with interesting work and high salaries. Good conditions and quality of life for tiple educational institutions. The largest of these is the research area for life science at the their families are also an important competitive advantage for a region. There are many different quality of life University of Copenhagen, although exact data for the university is not included in this report. indexes, but they tend to have one thing in common – the Nordic cities usually place very high in the ranking.

MERCER - EXPATRIATE QUALITY OF LIVING TOP 10 GREEN CITIES, 2016 UNIVERSITY OF COPENHAGEN ering (formerly Systems Biology). - research group Molecules and 1. Vienna - GLOBAL GREEN ECONOMY INDEX™ Faculty of Health and Medical Furthermore, life science rese- General Physiology. 2. Zurich 1. Copenhagen Sciences, Faculty of Science and arch also takes place in divisions 3. Auckland 2. Stockholm other centres. of these departments: DTU AALBORG UNIVERSITY IN 4. Munich 3. Vancouver Chemistry, DTU Chemical Engine- COPENHAGEN 5. Vancouver 4. Oslo LUND UNIVERSITY ering, DTU Electrical Engineering, Department of Clinical Medicine 6. Dusseldorf 5. Singapore Faculty of Medicine, Faculty of Sci- DTU Nanotechnology and DTU and Department of Chemistry and 7. Frankfurt 6. New York ence, Faculty of Engineering (LTH). Mechanical Engineering. Bioscience. 8. Geneva 7. Berlin Centres such as: LP3 (Lund Prote- 9. Copenhagen 8. Helsinki in Production Platform), CEBMMS MALMÖ UNIVERSITY SWEDISH UNIVERSITY OF AGRI- 10. Sydney 9. Paris (Center of Excellence in Biological Faculty of Health and Society CULTURAL SCIENCES (SLU) IN Source: Mercer 10. Tokyo and Medical Mass Spectrometry) (HS), Faculty of Odontology(OD), ALNARP Copenhagen places 9th on Mercer’s Quality of Living Source: Dual Citizen and MicLU (Microscopy Communi- Faculty of Technology and So- Faculty of Landscape Archi- Survey for 2016. The survey is performed annually with For the third time, Global Green Economy Index has ty at Lund University). ciety (TS). tecture, Horticulture and Crop the aim to help organisations determine the compen- ranked Copenhagen as the world’s number 1 green The cross-faculty research cen- Production Science. sation that should go to employees being stationed city. Copenhagen won the title for the first time in TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF tre Biofilms-Research Center for abroad. The quality of life in cities around the world is 2012 and for the second time in 2014. DENMARK (DTU) Biointerfaces (BRCB). KRISTIANSTAD UNIVERSITY analysed on the basis of 39 different factors that can Global Green Economy Index is released annually. DTU Veterinary Institute, DTU The research environment MEAL. be categorised in 10 different groups. These different The index is based on a survey of experts’ percep- Food/National Food Institute, DTU ROSKILDE UNIVERSITY (RUC) factors are then weighted depending on how important tions of the cities’ performance within four areas: Aqua/National Institute for Aqu- Department of Science and COPENHAGEN SCHOOL OF DE- they are for those on international assignments, and leadership and climate change, efficiency sector, atic Resources, DTU Biosustain, Environment: SIGN AND TECHNOLOGY they form the foundation on which the final number of markets and investment and environment and DTU Bioinformatics (formerly - research group Eukaryotic Cell Programme area Technology, BPS points for the respective cities is based. natural capital. Systems Biology), DTU Bioengine- Biology (PBa) in Optometry.

EUS QUALITY OF LIFE IN EUROPEAN CITIES, 2016 MONOCLE - MOST LIVEABLE CITIES Technical Swedish Univer- 1. Zurich 1. Tokyo University Roskilde Aalborg sity of Agricul- 2. Oslo 2. Berlin Lund of Denmark Malmö University University in tural Sciences Kristianstad 3. Belfast 3. Vienna University (DTU) University (RUC) Copenhagen (SLU) in Alnarp University 4. Vilnius 4. Copenhagen Number of 2 239 736 80 33 n.a. n.a. 8 5. Aalborg 5. Munich researchers in life science 6. Rostock 6. Melbourne 7. Hamburg 7. Fukioka Number of 304 52 15 11 n.a. 15-20 3 8. Cardiff 8. Sydney professors 9. Stockholm 9. Kyoto Number of 1 340 266 25 15 n.a. 50-100 1 10. Braga 10. Stockholm PhD students 14. Copenhagen Source: Monocle Number of ca 3 500 ca 2 150 ca 2 100 230 n.a. ca 1 000 ca 150 17. Malmö Once every year, the British lifestyle magazine chooses students Source: European Commission the world’s 25 Most Liveable Cities. Copenhagen has EU’s Quality of Life in European Cities is released topped the list three times, but in 2015 it plummeted University of Copenhagen was unable to provide information on articles, citations and co-publications for this report but expects every third year and came out for the fifth time in from first to tenth place. In 2016, Copenhagen is on its to be able to contribute them for next year’s report. Aalborg University did not provide complete information and Copenhagen School of Design and Technology has one life science researcher. Figures for Lund University and DTU are from 2015. 2016. More than 40 000 people in more than 79 Eu- way back up thanks to its clean bathing waters and the ropean cities answered survey questions about their city’s defining trait par excellence – the good biking. Source: Information provided by the universities satisfaction with a variety of areas such as education, Comment Lund University: Information regarding the number of researchers, professors and PhD students is for the Faculties sports facilities and public transportation, but also of Medicine, Biology and Chemistry. There is a greater number of life science researchers at Lund University, for example at with regard to their overall satisfaction with the city in LTH. The number of students include full-time students and students studying individual courses at the Faculties of Medicine which they live. On the list of European cities where and Biology. There are more life science students at Lund University, for example at the Faculty of Chemistry and LTH. residents report being most satisfied, Copenhagen

Comments DTU: Information is for the researchers at the following departments: DTU Food, DTU Vet, DTU Aqua, DTU Systems comes in 14th, and Malmö comes in number 17. NEWS ØRESUND PHOTO: Biology and DTU Biosustain.

62 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 63 ATTRACTING AND KEEPING TALENT PHOTO: LUNDBECK PHOTO:

The rate at which university graduates and researchers are produced at domestic universities is not enough to supply the life science branch with a highly quali- fied workforce, so it must be recruited in part from abroad. Greater Copenhagen is fortunate to have a high quality of life, but seen in an international context, it offers lower pay to the highly educated, and the tax rates are high. In Denmark in particular, special tax schemes for researchers have become an important competitive parameter in the attraction of international talents.

• A survey of selected recruit- hagen, Kalundborg, Hillerød, • There are 1 203 international ment companies shows that Gentofte), the number of students enrolled in a life finding employees with the foreign employees in the in- science programme in Greater right competencies can be a dustry – both with and without Copenhagen, 1 060 of them challenge. The survey also a higher education – doubled in Region Skåne. Of the 1 203 reveals a general tendency for between 2008 and 2015 international life science stu- companies to demand more dents, 350 are PhD students. broadly qualified employees; • The Danish tax scheme for researchers are also expected foreign employees was used in • Quality of life is high in to be good project leaders and 5 452 cases in 2015; 2 490 were Greater Copenhagen, and communicators, and more researchers. In Sweden, where Copenhagen tops several academics are needed in pro- the tax scheme for foreign international lists. EU’s duction, sales, and marketing. employees is far less attractive, Quality of Life in European there were 994 applications to Cities list also includes • In Medicon Valley’s six largest the department for tax relief, Malmö, and Copenhagen life science municipalities ‘Forskarskattenämnden’, in and Malmö come in 14th and (Gladsaxe, Ballerup, Copen- 2015; 715 were approved. 17th, respectively.

THE NEED FOR INTERNATIONAL EMPLOYEES

A snapshot of the job market for life science presents a picture of progress and cutbacks, shorta- ges in the workforce and a balance between supply and demand.

A survey of selected recruiting companies shows can be vulnerable to developments in other sectors, that things are going well in the life science cluster, points out Thomas Behrens, Labour Market Analyst but that larger companies are cutting back, and at the employment agency Arbetsförmedlingen in finding employees with the right competencies Region Skåne. The bank sector in particular can can also prove a challenge. The economic boom influence the development of the life science sector, ATTRACTING AND that is beginning in both Sweden and Denmark since the sector is highly dependent on the funding naturally also has an impact on developments in available for the development of new products. KEEPING TALENT: life science businesses. As stated earlier in the this Furthermore, competition for the development report, the pharmaceutical industry has grown of new products on the global market can quickly Job market and steadily since 2008 and has boosted employment in influence production in the region, since general a period where all other sectors in the industry have developments in technology and digitalisation can recruitment in the life experienced negative employment growth. Steen have a negative streamlining effect, and that can Gravers, Director and Team Manager at Mercuri lead to staff cutbacks. science cluster Urval in Denmark, emphasises that long develop- Technological developments can also result in a ment cycles are characteristic of the development ”quantum leap” for the region, as they did 20 or 25 division of the life science industry, and that makes years ago. We had a serious employee shortage at the them less sensitive to economic highs and lows than time, and all of the companies were competing for a many other industries. However, R&D divisions small number of experts.” says Thomas Behrens.

STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 65 ATTRACTING AND KEEPING TALENT ATTRACTING AND KEEPING TALENT

In both Sweden and Denmark, there is a tendency on the ups and downs of the market. Hanna Wendel Diamantoudis. in production in the life science industry. for large companies to reduce their number of employ- There is a general tendency for companies to de- ”This is especially the case at management level, ”There is definitely an obstruction in production ees, whilst the number of employees in small and medi- mand employees with a broader scope of qualifications. where companies often recruit from the internatio- when it comes to quality assurance, development um-sized companies remains the same or increases. Researchers are also expected to be good project leaders nal market.” and project management. There aren’t enough people ”Several company headquarters are worried. and communicators, and there is also a need for more Generally speaking, there is a shortage of bu- getting the education.” says Kjeld Birch. Besides Novo, Lundbeck and to a degree also LEO academics in production, sales, and marketing. siness-to-business salespeople in Sweden, and job ”It can be difficult to find people with the right are being somewhat more cautious. Development ”It is challenging that small and medium-sized prospects are expected to be very good for people in skills, and there is a need for continuing education is stuck in reverse right now, and it has been for companies in particular are looking for employees that group in the next five to ten years, according and online training to bring people up to the right the past six months.” says Kjeld Birch, Managing with multiple areas of competence.” says Hanna to Yrkeskompassen, which assesses job prospects for level to work in pharmaceutical production.” says Partner at SAM Internationals. Wendel Diamantoudis. various job categories in Sweden. Hanna Wendel Diamantoudis. He points out that the change is not such a great Arbejdsmarkedsbalancen in Denmark shows that one as far as branches of the pharmaceutical sector in Sales and marketing Research and Development there is a shortage of biomedical technicians in the Denmark is concerned, but he has noted a regiona- There is a growing need for highly educated workers There is a shortage of doctors in Sweden as well as Capital Region and prospects are good for workers in lisation trend where more branches are relocating to with an academic background in sales and marketing in Denmark, and the shortage will continue for the chemistry and pharmaceuticals, production engine- Stockholm. Furthermore, according to Kjeld Birch within the life science sector; for example in econo- next five to ten years. ers, process technicians and process operators, for things are going well for medical technology; among mics and public health. Negotiation processes are ”There is simply always a shortage of certain profi- example. The Swedish Yrkeskompassen shows that other things, Danish success with hearing aids has becoming more centralised, which means that work les in the life science sector, and those are people with chemical engineers, chemical technicians and machi- the wind in its sails, as does biotechnology, where in sales requires more skills. a medical background. Companies need a few doctors nists will be in high demand in the chemical industry developments in new and established companies have ”There is a need for more academics such as on board, and medical advisors and medical directors in the coming years, but the market is expected to been positive. But according to Kim Raabymagle, health economists for market access, since negotia- are always in short supply.” says Steen Gravers. balance out in five to ten years. who is Country Manager at PharmaRelations, the tion agreements now require an ability to look at the Arbejdsmarkedsbalancen shows a shortage of total number of sales and marketing positions in sales overall economy more than they used to.” says Steen doctors, medical consultants and opticians in Den- Recruitment companies is on a slight decline. Gravers from Mercuri Urval in Denmark. mark. And there are also good job prospects for R&D Recruitment to the life science industry is interna- ”The companies are restructured year after year and According to Kim Raabymagle, Country Manager employees in the natural sciences and technology and tional to a degree, particularly at the management there have been more cutbacks in marketing and sales at PharmaRelations, sales and marketing in the life health sciences. Prospects for biomedical engineers, level. SAM Internationals finds it difficult to entice departments in Denmark. It’s a question of supply, and science sector in Denmark have been dismantled in biochemists, bioanalyists and laboratory technicians people to Denmark. Steen Gravers from Mercuri price ceiling arrangements that are putting pressure on recent years, and it has therefore been less difficult to are also good, and the job prospects for pharmacists Urval says that the tax scheme in Denmark that pharmaceutical and medical technology prices.” he says. find workers on the Danish side of Öresund. are excellent in the Capital Region of Denmark. The offers a lower tax rate for three to five years can re- Hanna Wendel Diamantoudis, Chief Management ”I can only speak for us, but at PharmaRelations job prospects for biologists and laboratory assistants sult in researchers choosing to leave when those five Consultant at Mercuri Urval AB, is just about to com- we have found it easy to find competent and qualified for example are not as good. In Sweden, the employ- years are up. In Sweden, there is a growing tendency plete a study about competencies and compatibility pro- workers. We receive more than 25 new and relevant ment agency Arbetsförmedlingen’s tool to evaluate to recruit internationally, especially for management blems in the life science industry in Sweden. She points CVs every week from people who aren’t applying for job prospects Yrkeskompassen shows that there is a positions in sales and marketing, according to Han- out that even if the number of employees in Swedish life any specific job position, and we interview a lot of in- shortage of doctors and dentists, as well as a demand na Wendel Diamantoudis, since being able to work science has been dropping since 2006, it appears that terested candidates so we can always find the candidate for biomedical analysts. There will be a short-term the international market is important. the decline slowed down between 2012 and 2014. we are looking for. On top of that, job candidates have shortage of pharmacists, but the supply will balance At EuroJobsites, chief executive Lars Peter Svane ”If Astra Zeneca is not included in the statistics, grown more willing to work on contract or in substi- out the demand in the next few years. There is an finds it necessary to recruit researchers from abroad. then the number of employees in the life science tute positions. The job market right now is such that overabundance of biologists, and Arbetsförmedlingen ”It’s clear that smaller countries like Switzerland, industry actually rose by 1.4% between 2012-2014.” they don’t necessary need a permanent position; even predicts that the demand will increase in the future as Belgium, Denmark and perhaps to some degree says Hanna Wendel Diamantoudis. highly qualified workers. It seems to be a ”companies’ a result of an increased focus on the development of Sweden, but also some regions in the UK and Ger- 56% of the employees in the life science industry market” right now, at least as far as sales and marketing biological medicines, among other things; however, many (Cambridge and southwestern Germany) have in Sweden work in large companies, and 46% work in Denmark are concerned. It’s a different situation the competition for job positions will still be hard. a much greater need for Pharma & R&D candidates in small and medium-sized companies, but Hanna for highly specialised international academics and the As far as R&D in the Swedish life science industry than the local universities can produce.” Wendel Diamantoudis points out that the number of production division.” he says. is concerned, Hanna Wendel Diamantoudis from Some of the recruitment actors that Øresundsin- employees in small and medium companies increased But the Arbejdsmarkedsbalancen, an online tool that Mercuri Urval AB finds that the job market is fairly stituttet spoke to said that mobility over the Öre- significantly, whilst in larger companies it continued to shows the job prospects for different job descriptions, balanced and employee turnover is relatively low. sund Strait is good in both directions, but particu- decrease between 2012-2014. There is also a tendency does indicate that in general, prospects are good for ”There is a supply to meet the demand. There are larly from Skåne to Denmark, since the wages there for employees to remain at their positions in larger pharmaceutical consults and pharmaconomists, as well enough people and the right competencies. There is are higher and the choices more. companies for a longer time – if they can. This is as product specialists and sales consultants in the Capital an equilibrium.” she says. ”It isn’t hard to get people to cross over the particularly true during economic slumps, whilst there Region of Denmark and Zealand. A number of job des- border in Denmark and southern Sweden, but is greater mobility during economic booms, and there criptions within marketing have poorer work prospects. Production as soon as you get to Gothenburg, it’s almost as are more people who move toward smaller companies, On the Swedish side, however, the demand is Pharmaceuticals production places particularly high hard trying to get someone to come from the for example in the biotech-sector, where the compa- greater than the supply when it comes to sales and demands on its employees. And in Sweden as well as USA.” says Kjeld Birch, Managing Partner at nies’ development is less certain and more dependent marketing in the life science sector, according to Denmark, there is a shortage of competent workers SAM Internationals.

66 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • Oktober 2016 67 ATTRACTING AND KEEPING TALENT ATTRACTING AND KEEPING TALENT

INTERNATIONAL RESEARCHERS DENMARK run an independent busi- Configuration The recruitment of highly trained workers to the life 71% (Gentofte) of the employees in the industry in ness in Denmark or received Tax relief for foreign employees science sector takes place both nationally and internatio- those municipalities, statistics show clearly that there ‘Tax relief scheme’ pension from Denmark in the is such that only 75% of the nally, particularly for recruitment of researchers and for is a great need for foreign employees in the life sci- The special tax scheme for ten years prior. Furthermore, salary paid by the employer is management positions. The rate at which graduates and ence industry. It is not possible to connect the work foreign researchers and key per- the employee is not permitted taxed. The employer’s compen- researchers are produced at domestic universities is not tasks or education of foreign workers in the statistics. sonnel, widely known as the tax to have been part of the ma- sation for expenses related to sufficient to supply the life science sector with highly No comparable statistics exist for Sweden. relief scheme, took effect in 1992 nagement, or have had control moving to and from Sweden, qualified workers, who thus have to be recruited from With returns that are considered low from an and has since changed several or a significant influence on children’s schools and similar, abroad. Whether or not foreign talents can be attracted international perspective, a high tax rate, and a times, most recently in 2015; it the company where s/he is to as well as two annual trips to be employed in the five most the country of origin for the depends on the interplay between the attractiveness of high cost of living, particularly favourable taxation was relaxed somewhat when the minimum monthly salary was recent years. foreign employee and her family the workplace, the financial incentives, and the allure of schemes for international talents can be an important Time limit are also exempt from taxes. the region as a place to live. tool when seeking to attract talents from abroad. reduced by 10 000 DKK. Who can use the tax scheme? The tax scheme can be used for Conditions In Medicon Valley’s six large life science munici- Denmark has had a special tax scheme for foreign Foreign researchers and key a maximum of five years. The foreign employee may not palities (Gladsaxe, Ballerup, Copenhagen, Kalund- employees since 1992, and Sweden has had one personnel employed in a Danish be a Swedish citizen or have li- borg, Hillerød, Gentofte), the number of foreign since 2001. In Denmark, the scheme is used as an company or at a Danish rese- ved in or resided permanently in employees – both with and without a higher educa- active instrument in the global race to attract highly Sweden within the past 5 years. arch institution. Researchers SWEDEN tion – doubled between 2008 and 2015, according to qualified workers, whilst in Sweden, it has been in- are required to have at least a The employer must be based in statistics from the Danish Agency for Labour Market troduced mostly as a gesture, so as not to appear less PhD-level education, and key Sweden or in a foreign company and Recruitment. Since life science companies provi- attractive than neighbouring countries, which already personnel in the fiscal year 2016 Tax relief scheme with a permanent location for de employment for between 41% (Copenhagen) and had a tax scheme for experts. are required to have a monthly The tax relief regulations for operations in Sweden. If these The Swedish scheme is not nearly as attractive, salary of at least 62 300 DKK foreign employees were intro- conditions are fulfilled and the and nor is it utilised as often as the Danish. While (salary incl. employee benefits). duced in 2001 and were most foreign employee’s monthly NUMBER OF RESEARCHERS AND recently reviewed in 2012 to in- salary fulfils the condition of a key employee in the Danish scheme needs to earn Configuration KEY EMPLOYEES ON THE TAX clude everyone whose earnings being higher than twice the pri- a minimum of 62 300 Danish crowns per month The tax scheme for foreign SCHEME FOR FOREIGN KEY employees is a taxation rate of are over a set amount. ce basic amount, the employee including employee benefits, a foreign expert in Who can use the tax scheme? can be approved. In 2016, that PERSONNEL Sweden needs a monthly salary of 88 300 Swedish 26%, which corresponds to a total tax rate of 31.92 including Foreign researchers, company amount is equal to a monthly crowns to be approved. In 2015, the Danish tax managers, experts or other salary of at least 88 300 SEK, 6 000 labour market contributions. scheme was used 5 452 times; of these, 2 490 were key employees employed including compensation for 5 000 Documented expenses for researchers, according to preliminary statistics from social contributions abroad and in a Swedish company or a employee benefits. 4 000 the Danish Ministry of Taxation. foreign social security contri- Swedish research institution. Time limit 3 000 In Sweden, 994 applications were made to the butions are the only possible To take advantage of the tax The tax relief scheme is valid 2 000 commission that deals with the tax relief scheme, deductions. scheme, it must be extremely for the first three years, and difficult to recruit employees the intention should be to re- 1 000 Forskarskattenämnden; 715 of these were approved. Conditions in Sweden with the required main in Sweden for maximum 0 The configuration of the two schemes entails that The foreign employee is not 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 permitted to have worked or skills. five years. Denmark Sweden the Danish scheme can be used to attract Danes Source: Forskarskattenämnden and the Danish Ministry of who have been working abroad for several years to Taxation a Danish workplace, whilst the Swedish system can only be used by non-Swedes. Additionally, the Da- den, which evaluates and approves applications. But nish scheme does not require the employee to reside the changes made to the scheme in 2012 introduced in Denmark; s/he may also reside in a neighbouring a salary requirement in order to have an objective ABOUT THE FIGURES country. That provides Medicon Valley with unique criterion and make the outcome more predictable. possibilities, as the combination of a high salary on However, the salary requirement is quite high, and it Data for foreigners who have not completed their It is not possible to extract specific data material for education in the country are incomplete in the the life science sectors in Greater Copenhagen in the the Danish side and a lower cost of living on the is believed that many companies recruit employees national statistics office’s Register of the popula- data sources used here, however, by the use of the Swedish side can be a further financial incentive in from abroad without using the tax scheme. Thus, the tion’s Education. Because of the poor data quality available complementary Danish sources, the Danish the recruitment process. It is also an advantage that statistics for applications for the Swedish tax scheme about the education of workers who have come to life science sector’s need for highly qualified workers can be used to attract workers from Sweden’s other do not provide a complete picture of the number Denmark from abroad it has been necessary to use from abroad becomes clearly visible. The Danish life science clusters to Medicon Valley. Before the of international researchers and key employees in additional sources such as the utilisation of the tax Ministry of Taxation and the Forskarskattenämnden most recent revision in 2012, the Swedish tax scheme Sweden, whilst Danish statistics provide a more relief schemes, and the Danish Agency for Labour websites offer statistics about the utilisation of the was criticised because it could not be used in recruit- accurate representation. The number of foreign Market and Recruitment’s database Jobindsats.dk. tax relief scheme. ment, as it was impossible to predict whether an app- talents employed in Medicon Valley who use the tax lication would be approved by Forskarskattenämn- schemes cannot be extracted from the statistics.

68 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 69 ATTRACTING AND KEEPING TALENT ATTRACTING AND KEEPING TALENT

than the numbers presented here. end of 2015. The international talent developme- INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS Attracting international students and keeping nt programme Youth Goodwill Ambassadors ai- them after their education has been completed med to make international students in Denmark There are a total of 3 187 international students stu- if a student is registered for two single courses at two has been one of several focus areas for Copenha- ambassadors for the country. The programme dying in life science programmes in Greater Copenha- different educational institutions in the same semester, s/ gen Capacity’s Talent Attraction project, which received a total of 1 517 applications, and 712 gen, 1 060 of them in Skåne. ‘International students’ he will be accounted for twice in the statistics. Thus, it is began in September 2012 and lasted until the completed the programme. includes exchange students, foreign PhD students and impossible to make a direct comparison of Danish and free mover students who organise their studies in the Swedish education statistics, and the figures presented in country of their own accord. Of the 3 187 internatio- this section should be interpreted with that in mind. NUMBER OF INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR 2014/15 nal life science students, 1 044 are PhD students. Generally speaking, Lund University is the Employed in Medicon Valley after comple- of whom in research Number of students programmes Change 2008/09 - 2014/15 Swedish university at which the largest number of ting education international students begin a programme or a cour- 2 011 international students completed a life science Skåne 1 060 334 15% se. However, if one looks exclusively at life science programme in Greater Copenhagen between 2010- Stockholm-Uppsala region 3 503 1 577 21% programmes, there are more international students in 2014. Of these, 682 were in research programmes. One Västra Götaland 838 249 7% Stockholm as well as in Uppsala and in Skåne. year after completing their educational programme, Sweden, rest of 1 732 341 15% The number of international life science students 16% of the international life science graduates educated in Greater Copenhagen has increased 58% since on the Danish side of the Strait had found work, as did Sweden 7 133 2 501 17% 2008, due to an increase in international life science 6% of those educated in Skåne. It is necessary to add students in the Capital Region of Denmark. While two provisos for the correctness of the figures. National Eastern Denmark 143 16 -69% Denmark has 83% more international life science statistics are not able to register if a graduate has begun Denmark, rest of 170 12 -68% students in the study year 2014/15, the number working on the other side of the Strait; the graduate in Denmark 313 28 -68% has decreased in Sweden since 2010, which can question will continue to be registered as unemployed in be explained by the introduction of tuition fees in the domestic registers. Source: Customised analysis from Statistics Denmark and Statistics Sweden 2011 for foreign students from outside of the EU/ The second proviso is that in Sweden it is impos- EEA who are not part of an exchange programme. sible to follow an international student over time if Since then, the number of international students s/he has received a Swedish personal identification in Sweden has decreased. The Swedish government number after completed education. In Sweden, ABOUT THE FIGURES has requested that the Swedish Higher Education foreigners who do not expect to reside in the country The figures for the number of students and their one course at the same institution are only counted Authority review the tuition fees and how they permanently are not given a personal identification connection to the job market are retrieved from as one student; however, if that student is registe- affect student mobility and recruitment to research number, but a coordination number. If the interna- customised analyses by Statistics Denmark and red for courses at two separate institutions, s/he programmes. The review will be delivered to the tional student later, after the education programme is Statistics Sweden. The selection of educational pro- will be accounted for twice in the data material. Swedish government in January 2017. Since the completed, decides to become a permanent resident grammes was made from the programme classifi- The figures for the number of students are thus not beginning of the 00’s, Denmark has had tuition fees and is assigned a personal identification number, s/he cations in Denmark and Sweden, and programmes directly comparable between Denmark and Sweden. for students from countries outside the EU/EEA. can no longer be followed in the registers, as it is not have been chosen within which work in the sector is The definition of an international student de- Because of the structure of the Swedish educatio- possible to link coordination- and person identifi- usually found after education is completed. pends on national definitions and the possibilities The figures for Denmark and Sweden are not di- offered in the dataset at hand. Therefore, the defini- nal system, which allows students to take individual cation numbers. Both of these two provisos indicate rectly comparable due to differences in the the edu- tion varies in Danish and Swedish data extractions. courses at the universities, the total number of students that the number of international students who begin cational systems and the available data material. In Sweden, an international student is defined as 1) is significantly higher than in Denmark. For example, working after completed education in Skåne is higher The Danish and Swedish educational systems a person from a country outside of the EU/EEA, who are structured differently. In Denmark, students, upon moving to Sweden has reported that the move apart from exchange students, register for an entire is motivated by studies, and where a residency per- programme at the bachelor or graduate level. In mit has been issued for less than two years before Sweden, it is possible to register for individual the commencement of studies 2) students who have courses, and it is also possible to complete a mas- moved to Sweden less than six months prior to the

PHOTO: NEWS ØRESUND PHOTO: ter’s degree by combining individual courses from commencement of studies, and 3) other individuals different programmes. The criterion is that one lacking a Swedish personal identification number must earn 120 ECTS points to complete a master’s in the educational institutions’ study administration degree. A student who has registered for two cour- systems. In Danish data, an international student is ses in the same semester will thus be accounted defined as such if s/he came to Denmark within a for two times in the statistics. An attempt has been period from one year prior and three months after made to account for this in the extracts from the commencement of studies, and does not have a Swedish data. Students registered for more than Danish secondary education.

70 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 71 ANALYSIS PHOTO: LUNDBECK PHOTO:

As regards Greater Copenhagen, there is currently a shift underway in the balance between the Zealand and Skåne Regions. The centre of gravity for the industrial life science cluster is on the Danish side of the Öresund Strait. The scientific research base in Skåne on the other hand is growing with the construction of the new research facilities MAX IV and ESS. In terms of the Nordic countries, Medicon Valley has clearly become a leader.

• Whilst Zealand’s role at the production strengthen both sales and marketing at the industrial forefront of Medicon Denmark’s and Sweden’s early stage. Valley becomes stronger, Skå- roles as countries to which life ne is now growing as a region science is central. • Access to qualified person- for scientific research. nel is an important factor for • There are numerous impor- companies in the region, and it • The materials research facilities tant actors in the Copenha- poses the challenge of recruiting MAX IV and ESS will place a gre- gen Areas, such as IBM and international talents as well as at deal of focus on life science Hitatchi, who can contribute minimising the obstacles pre- research and thus become yet to a dynamic overlapping of sented by the border between another Medicon Valley beacon. sectors and give the region a Denmark and Sweden. new position of strength. • Statistics for employment, • The ability of the sector to export and patent applications • In a global perspective, adapt to new demands for show how Medicon Valley has researchers seek a more lower prices and new product grown to be the leading Nordic open attitude from the sector opportunities need to be seen region in life science. in Medicon Valley in the form from a more constructive, of more collaboration, but future-oriented perspective, • New biological medicines and also in improvements as far rather than from a crisis other advanced technological as thinking along the lines of perspective.

New beacon for Medicon Valley

Distinct, grand entities. It is already a fact that the large life sciences companies around the Öresund are concentrated on the Danish side of the Strait. The news is that the Skåne Region, and especially Lund, are about to become the region’s new research beacon when 22 billion Swedish crowns are being invested in the research facilities MAX IV and ESS. As far as employees within scientific research goes, Lund is already the municipality in Greater Copenhagen with the greatest number external to the hospitals. ANALYSIS: A new dynamic is emerging in Medicon Valley. Kåre Formally seen, the materials research facility MAX Dynamic and differences Schultz, CEO of Lundbeck and Chairman of the IV that was inaugurated this summer is a Swedish Danish government’s Growth Team for Life Science, facility, but Denmark has already already invested confirms in an interview on page 78 that the structu- in a beamline there. The life science research there is re within Medicon Valley is clear; the big businesses significant. Similarly, the research facility European are mainly on the Danish side, whilst research and Spallation Source (ESS), currently under construc- workforce can be found in the Skåne region. This tion, is very much a Danish-Swedish affair with its may sound like a distinctly Danish perspective, but it facility in Lund and data centre in Copenhagen. can also be interpreted as a confirmation that there is There will be new, hefty motives for the life sciences a shift underway in the regional structure; a shift that cluster to move over the Öresund Strait. From the has to do with the new Swedish and European major outset, Lund already has a strong position as one investments in new research facilities. of Greater Copenhagen’s larger scientific research

STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 73 ANALYSIS ANALYSIS municipality when measured in terms of the num- of the Strait, and Danish life science has further- substantial opportunities associated with technological munication bridge and artificial intelligence between ber of employees outside of the medical profession, more experienced more positive development than developments; from IT and biological medicine to other patients and health care providers are other examples. see page 30. Furthermore, Ideon – the region’s Swedish in recent years. areas of biotechnology and gene research. These issues are on the national agendas in Sweden oldest and largest science park – is in Lund, as is the Nonetheless, the collaboration across the as well as in Denmark. In Sweden, there is a board innovative Medicon Village. Many of the successful Öresund is a good one. Many of the big leading In order to take on those developments, Scandina- responsible for eHealth, as well as an eHealth strategy new companies in life sciences have their founda- pharmaceutical companies are in Denmark, inclu- vian companies will have to get better at working in place until the year 2025. In Denmark, there is a tion here; Alligator Bioscience is just one example. ding Novo Nordisk, Lundbeck, Ferring and LEO. together and assimilating new knowledge, according digital strategy for the years 2016-2020, for which But the era of big business feels very distant when it The majority of the Danish pharmaceutical sector is to Stine Jessen Haakonsson. They need to update the Danish Agency for Digitisation Organisation is comes to life science in the Skåne region. located in Zealand. Many of these large companies their business model, think out of the box and be responsible. The Swedish National Board of Health There is a growing science park structure on the are foundation-owned, which means that much challenged. They also need to be better at manage- and Welfare defines the area thus: ”Health is physical, Danish side of the Strait, too. Scion DTU and Sym- of the ownership has remained within Denmark, ment and marketing issues, says Bo Carlsson. Peter psychological and social wellbeing. eHealth is the use bion have been supplemented by the expansive CO- whilst the number of large companies in Sweden Nählstedt, CEO of the company Probi in Lund, of digital tools and information sharing to achieve BIS, where the materials research facility ESS has has diminished, and Astra Zeneca has cut back its thinks along the same lines. and maintain health.” chosen to place its data centre operations. Another result is that – There are a lot of good ideas, but still very DMSC. Denmark has also ”This analysis the companies have an advantage few that make it to becoming larger companies. I There are several important actors in Greater Copen- enjoyed early success building shows clearly how over publicly owned companies, think it’s because there is too much focus on pro- hagen, such as IBM and Hitachi, that move between up a growing network of new which have to make a profit all the ducts and solutions and too little focus on selling various industrial sectors, and there are additional biotechnology companies. Medicon Valley has time. That’s the CBS researcher them, especially in the early stage, he says in an possibilities to link actors across the sectors in the MAX IV and ESS are grown to be Nort- Stine Jessen Haakonsson’s take on interview; read it on page 81. region. At the same time, as Novo Nordisk’s Chairman Medicon Valley’s new beacons it – see the interview on page 85. Göran Ando noted in the interview on page 35, there of scientific research and an hern Europe’s le- – In terms of time, founda- Probi is part of the sector transition underway in life are significant cultural differences between life science important resource for life sci- ading region within tion-owned companies have a science; functional food is in the borderland. The com- companies’ regulations and prudence with regard to ence companies in the region, longer horizon for their invest- pany works with healthy bacteria – probiotics – that safety and the experimental IT-sector. Life science can see page 42. The research that life science in the ments. They can invest in a long- are added to food and used as nutritional supplements. very much be a question of life and death. will take place at both of the past ten years.” term perspective, which is good – We are neither a food company nor a pharmaceu- facilities will focus a great deal when it comes to pharmaceuticals, tical company. We have characteristics of both, and Min Doktor (’My Doctor’) is an early-stage company on life science; see page 58. In the long run, these and especially for innovation. In that respect, time we are a health company that focuses on probiotics, on the eHealth scene in Sweden. It is a digital primary facilities may be where the successful companies of is on their side, she says. says Peter Nählstedt. care centre that has grown rapidly since it was started the coming generation are produced. Another part of the sector shift is digital commu- in 2014. According to its CEO Charlotta Tönsgård, Together, Astra Zeneca and Pharmacia were two of the nications technology, which is creating new possibili- it has been met with positive reactions on the whole, This analysis shows clearly that Medicon Valley has largest life science companies in Sweden. When Astra ties within health care. The health guide 1177.se and but there is also a certain wariness of new things, grown to be the leading Nordic region within life Zeneca chose to close its site in Lund in 2012, it hit internet-based CBT-treatments are just two examples and she believes that Min Doktor is sometimes seen science in the past ten years. In other words, statis- the region hard. The researcher Bo Carlsson compa- of how technology is used in medical services today. as a symbol for the transformation underway in the tics show that Medicon Valley itself is a beacon: red the development in Lund and Uppsala after both New sensor technology and smart phones as a com- medical profession. Patients are better informed, make companies left, and he finds that there has shown to be * 53% of those employed in Danish and Swedish an advantage for Uppsala. Pharmacia was active early life science worked in Medicon Valley in 2014. in biotechnology, and it also had many collaborations with researchers and a tradition of spin-off companies. * Danish life science exports have doubled in seven According to Bo Carlsson, what happens in the next years and are now nearly 50% larger than Swedish. few years with the competence that the two companies The majority of Danish life science companies are left behind will determine the future developments of located in Medicon Valley. Swedish life science. Read more in the interview with

Bo Carlsson on page 83. REGION SKÅNE - JENNY BRANDT PHOTO: * Medicon Valley is on top when it comes to the number of patent applications in life science, The shift within Swedish and Danish life science is part submitting nearly two times as many patent app- of the global shift within the sector. There is a hot po- lications as companies in the Stockholm-Uppsala litical debate about how much pharmaceuticals should region last year. cost that is contributing to more price battles between companies. The processes for bringing new products As a sector, life science is difficult to define, and is on the market are also long and expensive, and in many undergoing changes on a global and national level. areas, research has made such great strides that small ste- In Greater Copenhagen, there is also a lack of ps have become very costly. Different markets also have equilibrium in the size of companies on both sides different conditions and regulations. However, there are

74 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 75 ANALYSIS ANALYSIS

other to generate growth and competitive strength. CEO Kåre Schultz, believes that we will start seeing IT-systems used in health care is a key issue. The new political collaboration in Greater more biological medicines being produced in the region. – Interest in our biobanks is growing. If you Copenhagen is a new link in Medicon Valley’s – I believe that the production units for biologi- don’t have 70 years’ worth of registers behind you development. Following a Danish initiative, the cal medicines are placed near where the companies it doesn’t make a difference how technologically

PHOTO: NEWS ØRESUND PHOTO: political collaboration over the Öresund has put are established, he says in an interview on page 78. advanced you are, he says. greater focus on global marketing and attracting A number of big businesses are investing in the Coordinated IT-systems in health care and better international talents. production of biological medicine in Sweden, inclu- exploitation of biobanks can give pharmaceutical We have a shared life science marketing in Greater ding Astra Zeneca, GE Healthcare and Pfizer. It’s an companies a competitive edge. Copenhagen and there is increased interest in the re- interesting development, says Carl Wadell; we have As far as health data is concerned, Ann-Sofie gion, say Ann-Sofie Andersson and Ulrika Ringdahl, had so many years now where Andersson from Copenhagen both of whom work specifically with life science mat- production has left the coun- New EU directive: Capacity and Ulrika Ringdahl ters at Copenhagen Capacity and Invest in Skåne. try, but now it is coming back. from Invest in Skåne also see They work together often, sharing an exhibi- The major challenge is the ”For medtech com- potential in the area. But there is tion stand at international conferences and wor- issue of competent workers, panies that means an aspect of time to it that means king to improve understanding and interest in and he has received indications that other countries can beat us to life science from the region. Together, the region from companies that they are increasing their it. Another challenge is bundling is stronger, they say. having problems finding the competence.” our registers into an attractive – The focus shouldn’t be so much on where so- right people in the field. offer and reviewing the rules that are obstacles for their use. The Øresund Bridge. mething is, but rather what we create together and how we communicate our respective strengths as a whole. CBS researcher Stine Jessen Haakonsson is uncer- There are also rules and agreements within the – We are good at telling a common story, which tain about the growing trend for precision medici- EU and on an international level that influence gets a positive reception in a world where competi- ne, also known as personalised medicine. If it can’t the sector’s development. One example is a EU active choices and become involved in their health tion is tough. Companies appreciate that they can be made more effective, a lot of money will be directive relating to medical technology. For care. Today, Charlotta Tönsgård sees few obstacles meet with both of us – two organisations and two used to develop products for very few people, she medical technology companies, that means incre- on the market. countries – at the same time. says. The result will be a socioeconomic discussion asing their competence. – It depends on how ready users are. But there and political decisions to determine how much a – It broadens the definition of which products is a digital maturity in all age groups in Sweden. In 2014, Tillväxtanalys (’Growth Analysis’) released treatment should cost. can be classified as medtech and makes stipula- People want the same quick access to health care as a summary of Swedish life science, and it is plan- Another important trend that Sweden’s Na- tions about follow-up when they are on the mar- they have to other services, and that is what we offer ning to release an update every second year. The tional Coordinator for the Life Sciences Anders ket. That can mean increased costs for companies to our patients. Around the clock. We are digita- analyst Carl Wadell sees two areas particularly on Lönnberg points out is the Nordic countries’ ac- that need in-house competence to set up quality lising, the same way the banks did. the advance in Sweden. cess to health data, where the coordination of the systems, says Carl Wadell. – I think that biological medicine and what we Both Min Doktor and Probi are glad to be located somewhat inaccurately call ’precision medicine’ are in Greater Copenhagen, and they also consider it a two areas where Sweden has great potential. good base for further expansion to foreign mar- That development increases the significance of kets. However, there are also several challenges; for international collaborations and also influences how UPCOMING ANALYSES FROM MEDICON VALLEY ALLIANCE example, the current ID and border controls make we collect data on patients and built up our regis- it difficult to recruit personnel from the other side ters, he says. Opportunities are in opening up new Øresundsinstituttet and Medicon * University research – the * Funding – foundations, risk of the Öresund, they say. markets, and the challenge is finding them. Valley Alliance have initiated a areas of strength capital and donations Anders Lönnberg, National Coordinator for the – Right now, I would say that it is impossible long-term analysis collaboration. to recruit from Copenhagen because of the border Life Sciences for the Swedish Government, also sees State of the Region will be an * Talents and in-depth employ- * Collaborations controls, says Charlotta Tönsgård. pharmaceuticals as a strength for the Nordic life annual analysis of the developme- ments statistics Petter Hartman, CEO of the Medicon Valley Al- science industry. nts in Medicon Valley. The aim is * Patents – the geographical liance, also points to the border controls and other – If you had asked me three years ago, I would to deepen the analytic work year * Development in current parti- and company connections border-related obstructions, such as for example have replied that pharmaceutical production was by year, and to concentrate on one al clusters different regulations for social security and taxation not something for Sweden. But as soon as it comes topic in depth each year. issues, as challenges that limit mobility in the regi- to developing and manufacturing biological medici- In addition to this annual * Publicly financed research Analytic work takes place in an on. Read more in the interview on page 99. nes, things become more technologically complex, report, we will publish several open process, where players – The difficulties for cross-border commuters are a and China and India aren’t as strong anymore. special reports every year. * Development of innovation from the sector are welcome to huge threat. Different kinds of obstacles mean that the Every week I get phone calls from people who want The topics for the special systems in the Skåne and Zea- contribute with their points of potential cannot be exploited, and it limits businesses’ to manufacture their products in Sweden, he says in reports are still open, but could land Regions view and reflections. for example touch on: development opportunities. Naturally this is unfortu- an interview on page 78. nate, because the Skåne and Zealand regions need each Denmark’s National Coordinator and H. Lundbeck’s

76 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 77 ANALYSIS ANALYSIS

outsourced to other manufacturers right now, Kåre Pharma, Novo Nordisk and H. Lundbeck, between Biological medicines strengthening Denmark Schultz believes it is a distinct possibility that the which ideas and researchers have moved back and forth. full-scale production will end up at the company’s He sees the proximity to the Skåne region as a and Sweden API-production facility in Nykøbing in western Zea- natural potential to expand the recruitment area A Swedish politician and a successful Danish company leader are each heading a group of experts that land - if the development work is successful. for Danish life science companies, and considers it will come up with concrete suggestions about how to reinforce the life science sector in their countries. – I think that the production units for biological important that the Medicon Valley Alliance works Anders Lönnberg and Kåre Schultz already have one thing in common – they believe that developments medicines are placed near where the companies to minimise the obstacles created by the border and toward more biological medicine can give Sweden and Denmark new competitive advantages. themselves are established. the problems related to the border controls. Kåre Schultz points out that the smaller biotech – As I see it, collaboration in Medicon Valley is pri- – If you had asked me three years ago, I would have or merged. Swedish life science has shrunken. Danish companies work with high risks in a sector where marily based on ideas and workforce come from Sweden replied that pharmaceutical production was not life science has grown, and for the most part organically. only about 1 in every 100 early-stage research pro- to Denmark, and the integration works well. Many of something for Sweden. But as soon as it comes to The roles have been reversed; today, Denmark is the jects will result in a new drug. And for the com- the researchers at Novo Nordisk, as well as at Ferring developing and manufacturing biological medicines, older brother when it comes to life science. panies that are successful, the trend is to sell them and Lundbeck, live in Sweden, says Kåre Schultz, and things become more technologically complex, and – My subjective interpretation of the difference and outsource the production – which is good for he mentions that the researcher Ulla Hedner studied at China and India aren’t as strong anymore. Every between Denmark and Sweden is that it isn’t a ques- shareholders, but perhaps not for the Danish life Lund University and began working at the University week I get phone calls from people who want to tion of different structural conditions, but rather of the science cluster. That’s why it’s important that there Hospital in Malmö before working for several decades manufacture their products in Sweden, says Anders original ownership situation. The Swedish companies are large companies in the country. on development of Novo Nordisk’s extremely successful Lönnberg, National Coordinator for the Life Scien- were publicly traded with private owners. When things drug for treating haemophilia, NovoSeven. ces for the Swedish Government. were going well for them it was completely natural He declines to say what recommendations the Growth – But I don’t think that many companies will cross His task is as succinct as it is hard to define in a trade that even-bigger English and American pharmaceu- Team will make in the beginning of 2017. But he makes the Öresund from Denmark to Sweden. I also think magazine: Make Sweden a global leader for life science. tical companies merged with them, or bought them. it clear that they will address questions about access to that Sweden’s biotech environment is naturally con- The only reason that the same thing didn’t happen in qualified workers, how to safeguard high level research, centrated around Stockholm and Karolinska Institutet. Unlike the Danish Life Science Growth Team, Anders Denmark was the foundation structure: the original access to risk capital and the various structural condi- Lönnberg doesn’t need to create a strategy for life scien- owners gave the company to foundations. If you tions for tax, and deduction regulations After many difficult years, Anders ce, but instead lead a collaborative pro- think about it it’s really quite spectacular, for research investments, for example. Lönnberg sees positive developments cess that will also encompass everything and there is no-one who would do that – The conditions today, with high for life science in Sweden. from the coordination of the IT-sys- anymore – give away the ownership to a tax rates and overhead costs, are mise- – And not least because capital has tems used in health care to biobanks, foundation without being able to get their rable. No-one would start a pharma- begun flowing in from abroad, from just

testbeds and shared labs where small money back, says Kåre Schultz, Chairman ceutical company in Denmark today. NEWS ØRESUND PHOTO: over a billion crowns annually to ten companies can participate. NEWS ØRESUND PHOTO: of the Danish government’s Growth Team billion last year. A big part of that was for Life Science and CEO of the Danish Kåre Schultz emphasises that we cannot Alligator Bioscience in Lund, Pfizer’s The starting point is difficult. First, the publicly traded pharmaceutical company become larger than all of the university reconstruction of a factory for biological large, successful Swedish pharmaceuti- H. Lundbeck, which is protected from research if we can’t draw in ideas from medicine in Strängnäs, Astra Zeneca’s cal companies bought each other, and being bought since the Lundbeck Foun- outside. He also points out that Denmark construction of a factory for biological Kåre Schultz, CEO Lundbeck Anders Lönnberg, National then the control and a great many jobs dation is its primary owner. has a unique strength; there are many and Chairman of the Danish medicine in Södertälje and GE Health- Coordinator for the Life disappeared out of the country when H. Lundbeck develops new biological historical roots connecting the big Da- government’s Life Science care’s doubling of the Uppsala facilities Sciences for the Swedish the Swedish companies were bought up medicines. Although test production is nish pharmaceutical companies like LEO Growth Team. that produce biological medicine. government.

with concrete recommendations for the improvement of procedures and health, business and academia is SWEDISH AND DANISH GOVERNMENT INITIATIVES WITHIN LIFE SCIENCE what it is central in order to continue waiting time for the approval of new necessary for new innovative phar- this development until 2025, says pharmaceuticals.” maceuticals, health care methods, Both the Swedish and Danish go- the Life Sciences. The task began – With exports of around 90 billion Troels Lund Poulsen, Denmark’s In Sweden, a broader initiative and medical technology to reach vernments directed their attention in 2015 and will continue until the Danish crowns and 36 000 jobs, Da- Minister for Business and Growth, in was taken in June, when the prime society, many with solutions that to the life science sector in the 31st of January next year. nish life science companies make a a commentary. minister pointed out important so- make use of the digital technology”. beginning of June. In Denmark, a significant contribution to the Danish The Danish government’s outline cietal challenges that the country is The work is expected to continue special growth team was appoin- The Danish initiative is being led economy. The government wants to plan Sammen for fremtiden (’To- facing and launched five collabora- until the end of 2018. ted for life science, and in Sweden, by the CEO of Lundbeck, Kåre augment Denmark’s international gether for the Future’) from June tion programmes. In addition to life As national coordinator, Anders so-called strategic collaborations Schultz, and the expert group’s re- position within life science and crea- 2015, states that: ”The government science, these also include travel Lönnberg will give the Swedish were launched, where life science commendations will be presented te the right conditions for the sector will support a strong Danish rese- and transport; smart cities; circu- government an outline of the work is one of five areas of emphasis. to the government in the beginning to continue the very positive eco- arch-performing pharmaceutical lar, biobased economy, as well as to ”strengthen Sweden’s position Furthermore, the Swedish govern- of 2017. There is particular focus nomic development of the past 10 and medical industry by simplifying smart industry and new materials. within life science”, and also be a ment has appointed Anders Lönn- on the export of pharmaceuticals years. That is why the government is conditions and procedures for clini- Among other things, it was asserted link between actors in the sector and berg as National Coordinator for and medical products until 2025. engaging a growth team to come up cal research as well as prioritising that ”the collaboration between the government’s work.

78 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 79 ANALYSIS ANALYSIS eHealth as a business idea: visits, which Charlotta Tönsgård says saves time. Today we only employ two Danes at Min Doktor. – It will take a long time before we feel each other’s ef- – Right now, I would say that it is impossible Great opportunities for online health care centre fect. But it’s good to have a competitor; it keeps you on to recruit from Copenhagen because of the border your toes and gives you something to gauge on. I think controls, she says. Developments have been swift for the primary care centre Min Doktor (’My Doctor’). It is one of that it’s a good thing that there are two players, and also Min Doktor would like to recruit people with a sign that the market in Sweden is ready, she says. different backgrounds and language skills in order the earliest in eHealth, and CEO Charlotta Tönsgård sees few obstacles for the company’s growth. The company’s founder is from Lund, and until to be able to help a variety of patients, but also for They have begun looking outside of Sweden, and she believes that the company will be in other November last year, Min Doktor had its office in an upcoming expansion into foreign markets. countries within three years. The proximity to Copenhagen is important for recruitment, as well Medicon Village. The office is now located centrally – We are looking around internationally with keen as for access to more capital. in Malmö. Charlotta Tönsgård believes that it is attention. If we talk again in three years, we will be in easier to find staff there than in Stockholm; there are more countries. We’ll have to see which countries tho- Min Doktor has developed rapidly since it was started million swedish crowns for digitalisation. more innovative companies to compete with. Today, se are and at what rate we start up there, but we have in 2014. The company’s founder is a doctor who was – Generally speaking, digitalisation has come far Min Doktor has 60 employees at the office and about international ambitions, says Charlotta Tönsgård. working at a primary care centre when he saw the pos- in Sweden, but as far as connecting civic functions 30 doctors work in the service. Charlotta Tönsgård The founder and the earliest investors still maintain sibility to make health care reception more efficient. He goes we haven’t come very far. The economies of also looks across the Strait to find the right people the largest degree of control over the company. started small, with urinary tract infections, where the scale are enormous, but it won’t work if every region with the right competencies for the job. – We have been able to do it, but in general it’s more first contact is simply a visit to the doctor. After that, comes up with its own system. It needs to be coor- – It makes all the difference that we can also difficult to raise capital here than in Stockholm. Taking more areas were added and now patients can choose on dinated, says Charlotta Tönsgård. recruit from Copenhagen. As a city, Malmö is far that bigger step is a challenge. The Copenhagen connec- a map where they want to deliver their samples. too small in terms of the depth of competence. It is tion is important; the funds there are different, and the- – Right now I would say that there are hardly any At Min Doktor, patients are in contact with a doctor crucial that integration with Copenhagen works well. re are international investors, says Charlotta Tönsgård. obstacles in the market. We are in the early stage, even within half an hour. Today there is a broad scope of if we think that we have already reached large volumes. complaints for which people contact them, including We have 40 000 patients this year allergies, skin rashes and tonsillitis. and we are one of the largest pri- ”It makes all the The reactions on the whole Functional food as a business concept: mary care centres in all of Sweden. difference that we have been positive, says Charlotta However, it is nothing compared to Tönsgård. But there is also a cer- Healthy bacteria from Lund on the way to the USA the volumes in primary health care, can also recruit tain wariness of new things, and says CEO Charlotta Tönsgård. She from Copenhagen. for doctors it is part of a current The company behind the healthy bacteria in food products and fruit beverages like Proviva is continues: transformation where patients expanding. With a growing global market, Probi is investing in its growth with the acquisition of an – It depends on how ready As a city, Malmö are better informed, make active American company and the hiring of new staff. They will be keeping their base in Lund, says Peter users are. But there is a digital is far too small in choices and become involved in Nählstedt. He believes that in order to get more of the companies in Medicon Valley to grow, there maturity in all age groups in terms of the depth their health care. Sometimes Min Sweden. People want the same Doktor is seen as a symbol for needs to be more investment in sales and marketing at an early stage. quick access to health care as of competence.” that, she believes. they have to other services, and – It is important for us to be Probi in Lund works with healthy bacteria – probio- ne, but when the industry gave it a miss, opportuni- that is what we offer to our patients. clear about the fact that we are not a tics – that are added to foods and used as a nutritional ties began to open in the area of functional food in Around the clock. We are digitalising, replacement for the physical health care supplement. As a company, they are located in the collaboration with Skånemejerier. Later, technology the same way that the banks did. entities; we are a complement. If we go borderland between two sectors. was developed that allowed the bacteria to be fre-

PHOTO: MIN DOKTOR PHOTO: 10 or 15 years forward in time, I’m sure – We are neither a food company nor a pharma- eze-dried and kept alive in capsules and tablets for The insurance companies were one of that this is what the access to health care ceutical company. We have characteristics of both, use as nutritional supplements, and the company the early customers and last year they will look like. Someday we’ll look back and we are a health company suddenly had another leg to accounted for 70% of the volume at and laugh about the fact that we used to with a focus on probiotics, says ”We are neither a stand on: consumer health care. Min Doktor; now the private mar- go to the doctor’s office when we had a Peter Nählstedt, CEO of Probi. food company nor Today, the university connection ket makes up 60%. Both sides have stomach virus, the same way we laugh a pharmaceutical has diminished. expanded substantially, she says. This Charlotta Tönsgård that we used to go to the bank to pay LP299V is the name of the bacte- – The university isn’t really summer, Min Doktor entered its first CEO Min Doktor bills, says Charlotta Tönsgård. ria strain for which the company company. We have as focused on the field today as agreement with the public health servi- is best known, and the one in for characteristics of it was in the 1980s. We have ces, in the area of acute health care in Halland Coun- Today, Min Doktor has only one significant com- example the fruit drink Proviva. active collaborations that are ty. In Jönköping, Min Doktor has agreements with petitor in Sweden. They are similar in many ways; Probi originated in a research both, and we’re a important for us, but nothing the private Wetterhälsan, which is part of Vårdval the difference being that the Stockholm-based project at Lund University and health company that sets the tone for the com- Jönköping (Jönköping GPs). As of yet, the company company Kry puts a camera between the patient Skåne University Hospital that pany like it used to, says Peter does not have an agreement with Region Skåne, but and the doctor. Min Doktor also offers the possibi- started in the 1980s. The foun- that focuses on Nählstedt. the region recently pledged investments totalling 200 lity to video chat, but it is only used for 5% of der’s idea was to make a medici- probiotics.” Nonetheless, the company’s

80 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 81 ANALYSIS ANALYSIS connection to Lund is still strong. It is here that In the past, Probi’s growth was primarily reliant on Researcher interview: Probi was founded, and it is here that they have the reinvestment of parts of their profit, but with been gaining expertise in probiotics for the past 35 the acquisition in the USA, which was finalised in The legacy of Astra Zeneca and Pharmacia in Sweden years. Peter Nählstedt points out the positive side the beginning of October, they took in 600 million like the good accessibility to competence within the crowns in new issues. The German majority stakehol- How has development been in different parts of Sweden since Astra Zeneca and Pharmacia left? market area – people who also have international der Symrise AG supported the acquisition. That is the point of departure for a research project in which Bo Carlsson, emeritus Professor in experience – and the region’s geographical place- – The probiotics branch is exciting from a global Economics at the Case Western Reserve University in Ohio, is involved. ment, as well as the access to business consultants perspective, it’s young, and it has yet to be consoli- and advisors; this was clear for Probi with its recent dated. That’s why it’s possible to make acquisitions, acquisition. For that reason, the company has no says Peter Nählstedt. He finds that the American Two large companies have dominated the Swedish There are countless ideas and companies being deve- plans to leave the region. company Nutraceutix complements Probi in a life science sector for many years – Astra Zeneca loped in Astra Zeneca and Pharmacia’s wake. But it – We’ll have our operations in several locations, number of ways: geographically, in the value chain, and Pharmacia. Both of the companies started in is difficult to predict how things will go for them in and we are on our way to becoming a global compa- and with new products. the Stockholm region. Pharmacia later moved to the long-term, says Bo Carlsson. ny. We need to be close to our customers, but as I see Uppsala and Astra Zeneca has been in a number – Right now there is a window of opportunity to it, we are going to keep the headquarters and the core Probi works with Danish companies, including of different locations around the country, inclu- take advantage of the competence that was develo- of the company here in Lund, he says. Chr. Hansen and Danisco, but has only one Danish ding Lund. But the Swedish ped at Astra Zeneca and Pharma- Peter Nählstedt believes that global growth is on employee at the office in Lund. He finds it proble- connection weakened when ”Pharmacia had a cia, which were world-class. The the way in Probi’s area. There are certain regulations matic that early integration in the region has slowed Astra – as it was formerly opportunities will be there for five in Europe that limit the market, but lifestyle diseases to a halt and that the commute over the Öresund has known – merged with Zeneca completely different or ten years. If that competence continue to increase in many parts of the world. become more difficult. When it comes to life science in 1999, and Pharmacia, after company culture; hasn’t been reassimilated in that – I see it as a considerable pro- companies in the region, he believes that several mergers with Upjohn, they left a number period of time, things won’t go so blem, but also a great opportunity for they will have to get better at working Monsanto and others was well for the Swedish life science probiotics to be part of the solution. together and assimilating marketing and finally bought by Pfizer in of viable companies industry. If new products can be Probi is planning on growing with -sales competence early on in order to 2002. developed things can go brilli- PHOTO: PROBI PHOTO: behind. And Uppsala its existing products, but also through continue growing. antly. There is an enormous gap its recent acquisition, which means – There are a lot of good ideas, In 2012, Astra Zeneca in has a higher employ- between those opportunities. access to new products and 30 new but there are still very few that make Lund closed, moving its ment rate now than When the newly established bacteria strains. it and become larger companies. I research unit to Mölndal and companies want to scale up is In addition, they will invest about think that it’s because there is a lot elsewhere. The closure of the when Pharmacia when the big financial needs come 15% of their profits in R&D. Last of focus on products and solutions entire unit in Lund as well as was at its peak.” in. The big business tradition has year, Probi’s turnover increased from and too little focus on selling them, the research and development also resulted in a lot of people 134 million to 215 million swedish Peter Nählstedt especially in the early stage, says unit in Södertälje two years later meant that 2 000 who aren’t prepared to run companies. Often they crowns, and they also hired new staff. CEO Probi Peter Nählstedt. Swedish jobs in the company disappeared. In the lack the know-how for management and market end of the 1990s, Pharmacia was the largest private issues, says Bo Carlsson. employer in Uppsala with 4 000 employees. Today, the company in Uppsala that was formerly Pharma- Bo Carlsson believes that the life science industry cia has been shut down. has been of great importance in Sweden, but com- pany relocations and closures have meant a decline According to Bo Carlsson, there are two big diffe- PHOTO: NEWS ØRESUND PHOTO: rences between the two companies. For one, Astra Bo Carlsson is emeritus Zeneca’s foundation was in chemistry, while Phar- Professor in Economics at macia was a pioneer in biotechnology. In addition, Weatherhead School of Mana- gement, which is part of Case Pharmacia collaborated more with researchers and Western Reserve University had a tradition of start-ups and spin-off compa- in Ohio. He is also a guest nies that Astra Zeneca did not have. This has also CARLSSON GLENDA PHOTO: professor at the research impacted developments after the companies left centre Circle at Lund Univer- both cities. sity. He has published over 20 – Pharmacia had a completely different books on industrial economy, participated in national company culture; they left a number of viable commissions in Sweden and companies behind, and Uppsala has a higher acted as a consultant for the employment rate now than when Pharmacia was World Bank. He co-wrote the report ”Industrial Dynamics in at its peak. Astra Zeneca didn’t have the same the Swedish Life Science Industry, 1991-2015” with the rese- culture, says Bo Carlsson. archers Olof Ejermo and Cindy Gomez Alder.

82 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 83 ANALYSIS ANALYSIS since the beginning of the ‘00s. Sweden is part of new technology that changes the process of inno- Researcher interview: the global transition, and in life science there are vation. Different conditions in different markets enormous opportunities for development associated also influence companies’ strategies and the costs ’We-know-best’ mentality is a problem for with biotechnology and gene research, as well as incurred along the way to a finished product. information technology, Bo Carlsson points out. – There are price controls that prevent people Scandinavian life science But there are also huge challenges. Among other from arbitrarily setting prices. This is not the case things, the processes for bringing new products on in the USA. But getting through the registration Scandinavian life science companies need to get better at working together and assimilating new the market are lengthy and expensive. There is also process is easier in Europe. Swedish companies don’t knowledge in order to update their business model. The global transitions are placing new demands, a political debate raging about how much medici- see the domestic market as important; they have to and bringing new products out on the market today is enormously expensive. In that respect, the Da- nes should cost that can contribute to companies get out internationally. The small companies that nish foundation-owned companies have the advantage that they can look at their investments more in not daring to take risks. Many companies merge or we spoke with say that penetrating the American the long-term. That is what Stine Jessen Haakonsson, researcher at CBS in Denmark, thinks. make acquisitions for the synergies and economies market takes too great an effort; they try to get into of scale, focus on fewer areas and have to adapt to the European market first, says Bo Carlsson. Research at Scandinavian life science companies is holding them back. They have all started going after the so advanced that all of the low-hanging fruit is gone. same diseases and canibalising each other up in a way. Now a little extra knowledge costs a lot of money. That’s why new products often make small improve- Developing a new product costs a lot of money, and ments with hefty costs, according to CBS researcher companies are more or less constrained to aim for MEDICON VILLAGE TOOK OVER ASTRA ZENECA’S SITE IN LUND Stine Jessen Haakonsson. She believes that compa- the global market. The result is that they are under nies will need to change their pressure to find blockbusters that In Lund, a joint venture by Lund former premises. There are now ceutical companies such as Novo outlook in the future. will bring record sales so that they University, Region Skåne and 14 publicly traded biotechnology Nordisk recruited many of the re- – Scandinavian companies ”It’s all about pa- can cover the costs. Companies also entrepreneur Mats Paulsson companies, an incubator, various searchers from Astra Zeneca, and from Skåne resulted in the foun- activities from within the univer- today there are about 400 Swedes have been very isolated within tents and protecting try to hang on to their products dation-owned Medicon Village’s sity and the region, and more. working for Novo Nordisk in Zea- specialised areas. They feel intellectual proper- longer and make another trademark purchase of Astra Zeneca’s Furthermore, Danish pharma- land. Read more on page 43. that they are at the forefront, in the same area when a patent runs and they are, but they have ty; competition is out, just to keep up sales. But Stine an attitude that says that they holding them back. Jessen Haakonsson does think that know best, says Stine Jessen the Danish foundation-owned big Haakonsson. She continues: They have all star- businesses do have an advantage – Developing new products ted going after the over the publicly owned companies today takes a lot of innovation. that always have to generate a profit. In my research, I look at glo- same diseases and – In terms of time, founda- balisation and what individual cannibalising each tion-owned companies have a longer companies do. It is evident that horizon for their investments. They PHOTO: NEWS ØRESUND PHOTO: there are good reasons to chan- other in a way.” can invest with a long-term perspec- ging the strategies a bit. To see tive, which is good when it comes oneself as part of a network rather than an independent to pharmaceuticals, and especially for innovation. In company that will do everything on its own. Companies that respect, time is on their side. But the innovation need closer ties to the universities, and reorganisations process itself needs to be opened up more, she believes. are needed to get access to the knowledge they need. – Here in Scandi- navia, particularly in A lot of the Scandinavian companies count on the Denmark, we’re too good same markets and the same medicines, including at agreeing with each the treatment of lifestyle diseases like diabetes and other. We all went to the cardivascular diseases. In doing so, they are concen- same schools and when trating primarily on the wealthy end of the market it comes to creating new PHOTO: CBS - BJARKE MACCARTHY. CBS - BJARKE PHOTO: and missing the other segments that for example values, we aren’t challeng- Indian and Chinese markets have been better at ed. We are challenged to getting hold of, says Stine Jessen Haakonsson. make things a little bit – It’s going well for the Scandinavian companies, and better, but not to think Stine Jessen Haakonsson they are leaders within their areas, but they are not as radically differently. The- is Associate Professor at good at updating their business model. They aren’t really re is a need for networks the Department of Business interesting in collaborating. It’s all about patents and where people get asked and Politics, Copenhagen protecting their intellectual property; the competition is unexpected questions. Business School.

84 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 85 ANALYSIS ANALYSIS

changed since then, and the sector is in constant de- Life science in two countries – telling of a joint story velopment. The areas of strength aren’t the deciding factor on a day-to-day basis. When Copenhagen Capacity and Invest in Skåne market life science in Greater Copenhagen and – When it comes to certain activities, being a cri- the Skåne region, they do it with one and the same story. They find that interest in the region tical mass can be an advantage, but we don’t exclude NEWS ØRESUND PHOTO: has grown, and next year they are moving a big life science conference with international parti- helping companies from other areas, of course. With all due respect to the areas of strength, ultimately it’s cipants from Stockholm to Malmö. often about the individual company, and it may very well be that we have top candidates from an area that The organisations Invest in Skåne and Copenhagen is, but rather what we create together and how we isn’t our strongest, says Ulrika Ringdahl. Capacity both work to promote business opportu- communicate our respective strengths as a whole, nities on respective sides of the Öresund, and life says Ann-Sofie Andersson. She goes on: science is one of the many areas of focus for both of – We are good at telling a common story, which them. Ulrika Ringdahl is responsible for life science gets a positive reception in a world where competi- Ann-Sofie Andersson, Business Development Manager for Life Science at Copenhagen Capacity, and Ulrika Ringdahl, Head of interests at Invest in Skåne, and Ann-Sofie Anders- tion is tough. Companies appreciate that they can Life Science at Invest in Skåne. son at Copenhagen Capacity. Improving internatio- meet with both of us – two organisations and two nal understanding and interest for the region’s life countries – at the same time. science is high on their list of priorities, as is helping But the fact that there are two countries can players here in the region see their opportunities. sometimes be a challenge here at home. They do this by for example suggesting meetings – The collaboration here is unique and not TWO CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCE between researchers and com- always a matter of course on a na- panies and between companies, ”The focus shouldn’t tional level, says Ulrika Ringdahl. as well as participating in in- HEALTH DATA – What people have to realise is created with some of the nation’s ternational conferences around be so much on whe- Ann-Sofie Andersson and Ulrika The data associated with our that there’s no time to lose. It is an largest hospitals. They haven’t the world in order to position re something is, but Ringdahl are in touch every personal identification numbers enormous resource, but it has been come that far on the Swedish difficult for our own industry to take side of the Strait, but in the Skå- and market the region. week and meet often. They even in Scandinavia offers a fantastic rather what we crea- opportunity, according to Ann- advantage of it, and it has been ne region, the newly established – There is increased interest share an exhibition stand at te together and how Sofie Andersson from Copenha- primarily used for university rese- organisation Innovation Skåne in the region internationally, many international conferences gen Capacity. Danish health data arch. As it is now, there are national is working to create a place for which is great. In part it’s to we communicate our and both have been instrumen- has been mapped out in order to regulations in the way, and that is testbeds in the medical service. establish a base here, but also tal in getting the conference give an overview of the registers what is being looked at now. – It has been hard for small, to invest in R&D. It is most respective strengths Nordic Life Science Days to it contains, but competition will new companies to test their pro- evident when large companies as a whole.” move down to Malmö from require cooperation, she says. TESTBEDS ducts in the medical service since choose to set up here, but it is Stockholm next year. – We have outstretched a hand In order to produce new innova- every clinic has limited funds and also a great success when international players see – It’s a feather in our hat that the big pharma- to players in the Skåne region tions, they need to be developed time to dedicate to researching. that there is groundbreaking research being done ceutical companies and investors are coming here and the rest of Scandinavia so and tested in realistic conditions. By finding a central solution and here and choose to invest capital and resources to to us. It’s a wonderful opportunity for companies in that together we can make it In Copenhagen, there are so-cal- new incentives, we hope that it promote it, says Ann-Sofie Andersson. our region to get exposure, says Ulrika Ringdahl. known that we are really good led ’testbeds’ for life science that will be easier in the near future, at this in the Nordic countries, Copenhagen Healthtech Cluster says Ulrika Ringdahl. There are differences between the life science On the shared website www.mediconvalley.com and so that the USA – which is gathering more and more data sectors on both sides of the Strait; for example are some of the areas of strength that have been and is good at commercialising the Danish Capital Region employs many more defined for the region’s life science cluster: diabe- solutions – doesn’t beat us to it. people and is made up of more big companies. tes, neuroscience, cancer, inflammation and au- There are many players that need

But together, the region is a whole, and we are toimmune diseases, as well as stem cell research. to agree. Politicians, patients and NEWS ØRESUND PHOTO: stronger together, Ann-Sofie Andersson says. – Internationally seen, these areas of strength companies need to define their – We use our respective strengths in our work are good and help tell people about Medicon wishes more specifically, so that together, and we put them together in our story- Valley. But it is important for us to be up to date this position of strength can be telling, meetings and activities to show that we are on the whole network, and to have good contact taken advantage of. Because the a strong, single whole. Looking at the industry, it with people working with early-stage projects, says competition is there, and as of yet is easy to see; there is a difference in what is being Ann-Sofie Andersson. we haven’t been able to bundle invested in research and big companies. But seen as In the background is also the report about the our health data into an offer, says a cluster, what we have to show as a whole and the region’s beacons that Invest in Skåne and Medicon Ulrika Ringdahl at Invest in Skåne. connections that we have are more important. The Valley Alliance commissioned in 2012 as part of focus shouldn’t be so much on where something an Interreg-project. But a number of areas have

86 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 87 APPENDIX PHOTO: GENMAB PHOTO: Statistics and methodology Describing the life science sector with statistics is a challenge. The sector is far from homoge- nous, and there are shifts over time. There are only five sub-areas included in the national statis- tics as exclusively life science sectors; the remainder are spread out over a long string of sector codes. The same is true for the universities where life science is not a clearly defined research area. Therefore, the exclusive use of statistics from the national statistics offices cannot provide a satisfactorily complete and comprehensive representation. We have thus also chosen to comple- ment the statistics with facts from the Nordic Business Key, as well as information provided by the companies themselves. This data is now being developed into a separate database.

The macro-level numbers in this report and certain special market. The global market is described with the help of figures, such as for example domestic and international data from the IMS Institute for Healthcare Informatics. students, have been specially requested from Statistics Denmark and Statistics Sweden. We have used the fol- As regards data about patents, we have identified relevant lowing statistic divisions: patent categories (IPC) with the assistance of the Patent and Trademark Office and extracted data from EPO and OECD’s SNI and DB07-sector codes are exclusively life science databases for priority date and publication date. Source for sectors, used for figures regarding employment: the regional distribution of patent application is EUROSTAT. 21 Manufacture of basic pharmaceutical products and The Danish Patent and Trademark Office has extracted patent pharmaceutical preparations applications from the EPO database for companies with Den- 26.60.10 Manufacture of hearing aids and supplies mark and Sweden as the application country; this has been 26.60.90 Manufacture of irradiation, electromedical and used as source for the company-specific analysis. The figures electrotherapeutic equipment presented use the applicant’s country and municipality of 32.5 Manufacture of medical and dental instruments and residence to distribute the patent applications geographically. supplies A drawback to patent statistics is that there is no standard 46.46.10 Wholesale trade of medical goods and nursing method for calculating indicators from patent data. As a re- supplies. sult, the analytical and policy lessons that can be drawn from patent statistics are widely divergent from source to source. The following codes are used for the description of scientific research and employment: The national statistics offices’ data regarding international 72.11 Research and experimental development in bio- researchers is incomplete. We have therefore chosen to technology use other sources such as the tax relief scheme for foreign 72.19 Other research and experimental development in employees at the Swedish Forskarskattenämnden and the natural sciences and engineering). Danish Ministry of Taxation, as well as the Danish Agency These two industries encompass companies with research for Labour Market and Recruitment and the databank Jo- in natural sciences as their main purpose and not life bindsats.dk. Regarding international students, we requested science production companies. special data computation from Statistics Denmark and Information about employment was retrieved from the Statistics Sweden. There are differences in the educational Register-based Labour Force Statistics in Denmark (RAS) systems in Denmark and Sweden, for example that students and in Sweden (RAMS). In a number of cases, the statistic can study individual courses that can be combined to a data for employment in municipalities has also been degree without following an entire programme in Sweden. APPENDIX: cross-checked with data in the business database Nordic This entails that a student can be counted multiple times in Business Key, as well as with the municipalities and a se- the statistics if s/he studies at multiple learning institutions. Definitions and facts lection of the individual companies. In some cases, exclusi- Additionally, there is a difference in the definition of interna- vely life science companies with a different sector code tional students in the two countries. than those listed above have been added to the statistics. We have used Arbejdsmarkedsbalancen and Yrkeskompas- The commodity groupings (SITC) in trade statistics utili- sen’s snapshots of and prognoses for the work opportu- sed to describe exports: nities for various job descriptions to identify examples of 54 – Medical and pharmaceutical products where there is a shortage of employees. As the Danish 872 - Medical Instruments and appliances and similar and Swedish job descriptions are not based on the same The exports figures are national and cannot be broken categories, it is not possible to compare the situations in down to the regional level. Denmark and Sweden. Arbejdsmarkedsbalancen shows the We utilise figures from UN Comtrade for the global export job opportunities for about 850 job descriptions and is based

STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 89 APPENDIX APPENDIX

on a combination of register data for available jobs in the Jo- Medical Association, The Lancet, Nature Genetics, Nature sities also included questions about strong research and bindsats database, job turnover, (un-)employment statistics Medicine, Nature Reviews Cancer, Nature Reviews Drug This first edition of the annual report State of Medicon Valley research environments. The chapter’s main text is based on and a survey of companies’ recruitment needs that included Discovery, Nature Review Genetics, Nature Reviews Im- contains a comprehensive review and data from most of the information gathered via interviews and questionnaires and 14 000 companies in Denmark. Arbejdsmarkedsbalancen munology, Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, Nature, region’s learning institutions. Next year, we intend to provide from the learning institutions’ own websites. was most recently updated on 30 June and regards the New England Journal of Medicine, Physiological Reviews, a deeper analysis for which the universities will have the second half of 2016. The job descriptions are based on the Science. In addition, we use CWTS Leiden Ranking to pre- opportunity to prepare their contributions. The University To get an overview of the job market for the life science DISCO classification, which contains about 1 300 different sent a picture of the institutions’ achievements in terms of of Copenhagen were unable to provide data for the current re- sector right now, we interviewed representatives from se- job descriptions divided into 23 professional groups. The articles and citations in relation to each other. This offers a port due to difficulties retrieving correct and comparable data lected recruitment companies and employment agencies, DISCO classification is based on ISCO-08. The Swedish more nuanced representation of how many of the articles from the university’s various divisions for the relevant span of as well as using the search services Arbejdsmarkeds- job descriptions are based on the profession classification were published in the most prestigious journals than the time. The University of Copenhagen plans to contribute data balancen, which was created by the Danish Agency for SSYK96, but will be updated to SSYK2012, which is based on exclusive use of figures for impact factor can provide. to next year’s analysis. Certain data for Lund University and Labour Market and Recruitment, and Yrkeskompassen, the international standard ISCO-08 classification to enable We have selected three of the most prestigious rankings to Aalborg University in Copenhagen is also missing. which was created by the Swedish employment agency greater comparability between different countries’ statistics. show how the region’s learning institutions rank in an inter- Arbetsförmedlingen. As life science is not defined as a Yrkeskompassen consolidates job opportunities for 200 job national comparison: Shanghai Ranking, which is released by Gathering the relevant information has required quite sub- sector in Danish or Swedish statistics, as is for example descriptions and is put together based on local prognoses the independent organisation Shanghai Ranking Consultancy; stantial effort from all of the learning institutions, since life the construction industry, it is difficult to gain a complete for labour market development, facts concerning reti- Times Higher Education, which is published by the eponymous science is not a commonly used category in the categorisation picture. For this reason, our point of departure has been rement, the choice of studies and the companies’ own analy- journal and reviewed by PricewaterhouseCoopers (PWC), and of operations. Thus, certain schematic limitations have been job descriptions that we consider to be recurrently present ses of their recruitment needs. The prognoses are made for the QS World University Rankings, which is released by the unavoidable in certain cases, such as for example the inclu- in the manufacture and research of pharmaceuticals, the coming one, five, and ten years. The most recent update British student advisory company Quacquarelli Symonds (QS). sion of an entire institution, although a portion of the research biotechnology and medical technology, as well as more is from June 2016; therefore, the one-year prognosis is valid there cannot be defined as life science. The responses from generally in business-to-business sales and marketing. up until and including the first half of 2017. In order to measure attractiveness and quality of life, we the universities are not comparable, as there can be certain utilised some of the most widespread quality indices avai- methodological differences. The definition of life science In order to identify the job descriptions that should be investi- To quantify the universities’ articles, citations and co-publi- lable: Mercer’s Expatriate Quality of Living; EU’s Quality utilised in this report and communicated to the learning gated, we utilised ’Uddannelsesguiden’, the guide to higher cations, we requested that the institutions submit their of Life in European Cities: Global Green Economy Index institutions is thus: ”the basic research and the applied rese- education released by the Danish Ministry for Children, Edu- own data. They used the following sources: Lund University Top 10 Green Cities and the British lifestyle magazine arch that are significant for the life science companies in the cation and Gender Equality. We also used the job descriptions - Scopus, DTU - Thomson Reuters’ Science Citation Index, Monocle’s ranking of the 25 Most Liveable Cities. region, in a broad sense. It is preferable to include too much provided in Yrkeskompassen and Arbejdsmarkedsbalancen. Malmö University -Web of Science and PubMed (2015); rather than too little in the umbrella term ’life science’.” As In addition, we received assistance from the Swedish employ- Other - the universities’ own registers. Regarding articles The number of employees in health care is based on data regards the number of peer-reviewed articles, citations and ment agency Arbetsförmedlingen’s analysis division. We in journals with IF>30, the following scientific journals from Statistics Denmark; for the number of employees in the co-publications with international researchers, the delimi- have used Arbejdsmarkedsbalancen and Yrkeskompassen’s have been included: Annual Review of Immunology, CA: sector: QA Sundhedsvæsen in the Capital Region of Denmark tation was based on the faculty or institution to which the snapshots of and prognoses for the work opportunities for A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, Chemical Reviews, Chemi- and Zealand Region, 2014; and Statistics Sweden for the researchers belong. Regarding the number of peer-reviewed various job descriptions to identify examples of where there cal Society Reviews, JAMA The Journal of the American number of gainfully employed with a job position in the Skåne articles in journals with IF>30, the delimitation was based on is a shortage of employees. As the Danish and Swedish job Region within the sector SNI 86 Hospital activities, 2014. the journals in which researchers at the learning institution descriptions are not based on the same categories, it is not as a whole were published. A list of relevant journals was possible to compare the situations in Denmark and Sweden. SECTOR CLASSIFICATION In addition to the above statistical data and company da- produced in collaboration with the librarian Michael Graffner tabases, we have also conducted a number of interviews at Lund University Library (the list can be read in the footnote We also interviewed other investigators, experts, resear- The definition of life science that we have used in which we gathered qualitative data for the report. of the table ”Articles, citations and co-publications”), and the chers, company leaders and public actors in order to gain here is considered the most widespread, and same list was used by all of the learning institutions. a broad view over the life science sector’s development is utilised by several trade organisations. For Considerations with opportunities and challenges on the global, national, example, as SwedenBIO formulates it: We have chosen to comment the statistics as well as The H-index is primarily used to provide a picture of the and regional levels. Furthermore, we have had contact our mode of procedure and selection in the text. When individual researcher’s achievements. While it is certainly with – as well as received reports and initiatives from – a • BIOTECHNOLOGY COMPANIES develop we present statistic material, we also provide a fact box possible to calculate the H-index for an entire university or number of trade organisations and regional and national products that are based on biological material ”About the statistics” with a more extensive commentary. even for a region, it would be close to impossible to analyse players from within life science. such as cells, proteins and DNA. In the following are our remarks about the overall choice the figures and relate them to other figures. This is due to of method and considerations regarding the qualitative the fact that the index for example disregards differences Regarding data for life science companies in Medicon Valley, • PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANIES develop data that we have gathered. between how many researchers in various fields usually we utilised many sources in order to obtain the highest pharmaceuticals. These may be large biological release publications, or that a researcher whose con- possible quality from the input data. We also used data molecules or small chemical molecules. The chapter ’Benchmark of Research Quality’ is ba- centration is in basic research generally publishes more from companies, their websites and annual reports, the sed largely on the learning institutions’ own data. They articles than those who concentrated on clinical research. databases Nordic Business Key, municipalities, as well as • MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY COMPANIES develop were asked to answer eight questions in telephone and Therefore, the H-index has not been used in this report. data from the company register on the website www.medi- technological products to improve people’s email-based interviews; these questions regarded the convalley.com. We chose to report on the largest life science health or make the everyday easier for those faculties, departments, and centres at the university/colle- In additional, four in-depth interviews have been conducted companies in a separate category, together with important who are ill. Companies that develop diagnostic ge in which life science research takes place; the number with research coordinators at the University of Copenhagen, research facilities and science parks, under the headline methods are often assigned to this category. Di- of researchers employed in the area; the number of Lund University, and Malmö University, about the areas ’Beacons’. Other companies were presented separately to agnostics products are used to analyse samples peer-reviewed articles, citations, co-publications with in- of strength within life science research at their respective avoid the largest companies’ domination of the material. and tests to make a correct diagnosis. ternational researchers and articles in journals with IF>30; learning institutions. The opportunity to be interviewed was Read more about ideas for future reports on develop- outstanding areas of research, and research groups. presented to others. The questionnaire sent to the univer- ment in Medicon Valley on page 77.

90 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 91 APPENDIX APPENDIX

INTERVIEW LIST LARGER MEETINGS AND CONFERENCES

• Ann-Sofie Andersson, Business Development Manager for • Morten Pejrup, Associate Dean for Research at the Fa- Life Science Copenhagen Capacity. Meeting, 22 Sept 2016. culty of Science, University of Copenhagen. Telephone, Below are some of the larger meetings and conferences being arranged in the region in 5 Oct 2016. the coming year, as well as a selection of international meeting places where repre- • Göran Ando, Chairman of the Board, Novo Nordisk. sentatives from Invest in Skåne, Copenhagen Capacity and/or the region’s life science Telephone, 30 Sept 2016. • Sindra Petersson Årsköld, Senior Advisor Science Di- rectorate ESS. Telephone, 5 Oct 2016. companies will be participating. • Thomas Arnebrant, Vice Dean, Malmö University. Te- • 7-9 November 2016, Cologne: • 30-31 March 2017, Lund: lephone, 7 Oct 2016. • Kim Raabymagle, Country Manager Denmark Pharma- Bio-Europe The Future of Swedish and Danish Life Science Relations Denmark. Telephone, 30 Sept 2016. • Sten Bach Pallesen, Senior Consultant. Telephone, 27 • 14-17 November 2016, Düsseldorf: • 10-11 May 2017, Malmö: Sept 2016. • Ulrika Ringdahl, Head of Life Science Invest in Skåne. Medica ReproUnion Research Conference 2017 Meeting, 22 Sept 2016. – When both sexes matters! • Thomas Behrens, Job Market Analyst, Arbetsförmedling- • 1 December 2016, New York: en. Telephone, 28 Sept 2016. • Kåre Schultz, CEO Lundbeck. Meeting, 22 Sept 2016. The Nordic-American Life Science Conference • September 2017, Medicon Valley: Nordic Life Science Days • Peter Benson, Managing Partner Sunstone Capital. • Allan Skårup Kristensen, Chefkonsulent - Forskning og • 12 December 2016, Copenhagen: Telephone, 26 Oct 2016. Innovation LIF. Meeting, 25 Oct 2016. Medicon Valley Executive Club • October 2017, TBD: The MVA Microbiome Conference 2017 • Kjeld Birch, Managing Partner SAM Internationals. • Lars Peter Svane, Chief Executive EuroJobsites. Email, 4 • 30 January 2017, Lund: Telephone, 30 Sept 2016. Oct 2016. Medicon Valley Alliance Oncology Network • October 2017, Yokohama: BioJapan • Søren Bregenholt, Corporate Vice President and Head • Gunilla Westergren-Thorsson, Dean at the Faculty of • 30 January-2 February 2017, Dubai: of External Innovation and Stakeholder Relations Novo Medicine, Lund University. Telephone, 5 Oct 2016. Arab Health • November 2017, Copenhagen: Nordisk. Meeting, 8 Juni 2016. Medicon Valley Alliance Annual Meeting • Fredrik Tiberg, CEO Camurus. Telephone, 17 Oct 2016. • 8 February 2017, Zurich: • Bo Carlsson, Emeritus Professor, Case Western Reserve Swiss-Scandinavian Bio-Business Seminar • 6-8 November 2017, Berlin: University. Telephone, 29 Sept 2016. • Charlotta Tönsgård, CEO Min Doktor. Telephone, 6 Oct Bio-Europe 2016. • • 20-22 March 2017, Barcelona: • Sven Frøkjær, Professor, University of Copenhagen. Bio-Europe Spring Telephone, 7 Oct 2016. • Carl Wadell, Analyst Tillväxtanalys/Growth Analysis. Telephone, 2 Oct 2016. • Ebba Fåhraeus, CEO SmiLe Incubator. Telephone 27 Oct 2016. • Hanna Wendel Diamantoudis, Chief Management. Consultant Mercuri Urval AB. Telephone, 4 Oct 2016. • Steen Gravers Nielsen, Director/Team Manager Mercuri PHOTO: NEWS ØRESUND PHOTO: Urval Denmark. Telephone, 3 Oct 2016. In addition, we received data via email from companies, muni- cipalities, trade organisations and other players. • Petter Hartman, CEO Medicon Valley Alliance. Meeting, 22 Sept 2016. The Swedish government’s • Stine Jessen Haakonsson, Associate Professor Copenha- National Coordinator for gen Business School. Telephone, 4 Oct 2010. the Life Sciences, Anders In addition to the above arrangements, there are networking events at the region’s science parks, such as the above Lönnberg. example from Medeon Day in September of this year. Medeon’s CEO Ulf Andersson (right) and Arian Shwan from • Mats Leifland, CEO Medicon Village. Meeting, 29 Sept NEWS ØRESUND PHOTO: SEB (middle) presenting a grant to Ola Hansson (left), Associate Professor LUDC. 2016. • Tomas Lundqvist, Life Science Director MAX IV. Telepho- BIO-EUROPE COULD TAKE PLACE IN COPENHAGEN IN 2018 ne, 4 Oct 2016. In the beginning of autumn, the news was in that be held in Copenhagen. On top of that, Invest in • Anders Lönnberg, Coordinator for the Swedish govern- the conference Nordic Life Science Days will Skåne and Copenhagen Capacity are working on ment. Telephone, 4 Oct 2016. be held in Greater Copenhagen next autumn. getting the conference Bio-Europe to come to the The main part of the function will take place at region, specifically to Bella Center, in 2018, with • Peter Nählstedt, CEO Probi. Telephone, 5 Oct 2016. Malmömässan, while certain other parts will peripheral activities across the Strait.

92 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 93 APPENDIX APPENDIX

REPORTS AND FACTS

In the following is a selection of the recent years’ investments: ”Forskningsøkonomi – 3 sam- reports from the life science area in Sweden, fundsøkonomiske effektanalyser af investeringer Denmark and Greater Copenhagen. i forskning i Danmark” (’Research Economy – Th- ree Socioeconomic Effect Analyses of Investments The European trade organisation EFPIA, European Fe- in Research in Denmark’). deration of Pharmaceuticals Industries and Associations, released a report this year entitled ”The Pharmaceutical In June 2013, the Danish government brought out SUNDHEDSINDUSTRIEN ER EN DANSK VÆKSTMOTOR – EKSPORTEN Industry in Figures”. The figures show for example ”Danmark i arbejde – Vækstplan for sundheds og RUNDER 100 MIA. KR. that research and development in the pharmaceutical velfærdsløsninger” (’Denmark at Work – Growth Plan — DI analyse industry in Sweden is equivalent to 765 million Euros, for Health- and Welfare Solutions’), which focuses on and in Denmark 1 454 million Euros. strengthening the opportunities for companies in life science by exploiting international growth potential. In September of this year, Confederation of Danish Industry released the report ”Sundhedsindustrien In 2014, the coordinator Susanne Ås Sivborg sub- er en dansk vækstmotor - Eksporten runder 100 mitted the report ”Ett konkurrenskraftigt ekosys- mia. kr” (’The Health Industry is a Danish Growth tem för Life Science” (’A Competitive Ecosystem Engine - Exports hit 100 billion’), which shows for Life Science’) to the Swedish government. The that Danish exports of health care-related welfare assignment was to identify development potential Valley”. In 2014, Invest in Skåne also gathered life In 2014, researchers from DTU collaborated with the solutions have tripled in 15 years. in the life science area. Read more about current science companies in the report ”An Introduction Niels Bohr Institute and the University of Copenha- national initiatives on page 78. to Life Science Companies in Skåne”. gen to map out the application possibilities for ESS Last year, Swedish Tillväxtanalys (’Growth Analysis’) and MAX IV for Denmark. Funding contributions published the report ”Tillväxten i life science-indu- The Danish Agency for Science, Technology and Inn- In December of last year, SwedenBio presented came from the EU and the Vækstforum Hovedsta- stri 2012-14” (’Growth in the Life Science Industry, ovation has initiated a so-called FORSK2025 process, the report ”The Swedish Drug Development den (’Capital City Growth Forum’), and the report 2012-2014’), which shows for example which business to identify the most important research areas for the Pipeline 2015”, which is an overview of Swedish provided ”Indblik i den danske life science industris segment has undergone the most positive development future. Here, various players can make suggestions, R&D companies, and was co-funded by Vinnova. oppfattelse af de kommende muligheder og barrie- according to the number of employees between 2012 and the presentation of the final prioritisation is expec- Swedish Medtech, SwedenBio and Lif got together rer ved ESS och MAX IV” (’Insight into the Danish and 2014. Vinnova had previously released a similar ted in the spring. To date, 476 suggestions have been in 2014 and released the report ”En handlingsplan Life Science Industry’s View of the Upcoming Oppor- report entitled ”Global Trends with Local Effects – submitted. As inspiration for the task, in February of för life science. 25 åtgärder för att stärka Sveriges tunities and Obstacles of ESS and MAX IV’). The Swedish Life Science Industry 1998-2012”. this year an OECD report about future global deve- konkurrenskraft” (’A Plan of Action for Sweden. lopment tendency was released, entitled ”An OECD 25 Ways to Improve Sweden’s Competitiveness’). The politically non-partisan foundation Forska!Sverige In 2014, Tillväxtanalys took a closer look at trends Horizon Scan of Megatrends and Technology (’Research!Sweden’), which came into existence after the and policy initiatives related to clinical trials, for Trends in the Context of Future Research Policy”. Last year, Lif and Dansk Biotek released a report based founders’ worry about negative development in medical instance the question of what Denmark and Sweden on questionnaire surveys of the organisations’ members, research in Sweden, released the report ”Agenda för can do to improve the climate and system for The Swedish Research Council’s report ”Forskningens with the title ”Resultater fra Lifs og Dansk Bioteks hälsa och välstånd. 14 konkreta åtgärdsförslag med clinical studies. The name of the report is”Kliniska framtid! Ämnesöversikt 2014 Medicin och hälsa” undersøgelse af kliniske forskningsaktiviteter i handlingsplaner” (’Agenda for Health and Welfare. 14 prövningar – policyinitiativ och trender” (’Clini- (’The Future of Research! Overview of Topics 2014 Danmark 2014” (’Results from Lif and Dansk Biotek’s Concrete Suggestions with Plans of Action’) in 2015, cal Trials– Policy Initiatives and Trends’). Medicine and Health’) came out last year and constitu- Investigation of Research Activities in Denmark 2014’). as well as ”Lägesrapport 2016 - Sveriges satsningar tes recommendations about choosing research-political på medicinsk forskning” (’Status Report – Sweden’s Earlier this year, the Danish pharmaceutical giant paths, and also forms the outline for the government’s In October 2015 Swedish Medtech updated its compi- Medical Research Investments’), among others. Novo Nordisk presented the publication ”Life research proposition, which is expected this autumn. lation ”Medtechbranschen i siffror” (’The Medtech Science – en verden af vækst. Strategi for Life Sector in Numbers’), which shows for example a decli- The consultancy company NY Consulting released the Science i Danmark” (’Life Science – a World of In 2015, Medicon Valley Alliance presented an ana- ne in export value for medical technology products report ”Öresund Investor Climate” this year, whose Growth. Strategy for Life Science in Denmark’), lysis entitled ”Dansk Life Science Industris bidrag from 21.3 to 19.9 billion crowns from 2013 to 2014. point of departure is the identifying potential and areas which includes both figures for the sector in general till samfundsøkonomien” (’The Danish Life Scien- of improvement for the investment climate in Greater and for the company, as well as presenting aspira- ce Industry’s Contribution to Socioeconomy’). They ALIS, Association of Life Science Incubators in Copenhagen, with focus on ICT and life science. tions for a strong research and national efforts to had previously commissioned a report from Boston Sweden, published a report last year called ”Förslag attract investments and labour force in the future. Consulting Group on the region’s areas of strength, till varaktig finansiering av tidiga life science-bo- The website www.mediconvalley.com, which has for as part of a joint Interreg project with Invest in lag och projekt i Sverige” (’Suggestions for Lasting example a company database, maps and an overview In April of this year, the Novo Nordisk Foundation Skåne. The report came out in 2012 and is entitled Funding for Early-Stage Life Science Companies of product pipelines in the region, is run jointly by presented the results from three reports on research ”Evaluation of Future Opportunities in Medicon and Projects in Sweden’). Invest in Skåne and Copenhagen Capacity.

94 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 95 APPENDIX APPENDIX

ORGANISATIONS

Trade and networking organisations: Public actors: • ASCRO – Swedish association focused on clinical rese- • Copenhagen Capacity – A public initiative to promote arch and clinical trials investments and economic development in Greater SELECTED CURRENT PROJECTS AND SPECIAL INITIATIVES • CHC, Copenhagen Healthtech Cluster – Danish Copenhagen organisation that aims to create growth opportunities • Erhvervsstyrelsen – Danish business authority that ReproUnion – a Danish-Swedish collaboration in 2014-2018. The former is based at the University of within health care works to improve companies’ competitive strength the field of reproduction research that is co-fun- Copenhagen and the latter at Scion DTU in Lyngby. • CHI, Copenhagen Health Innovation – Danish orga- • Innovationsfonden – Fund from the Danish Ministry ded by EU’s Interreg-programme with the aim to nisation focused on developing new educational and of Higher Education and Science that invests in new increase research capacity in the field and esta- The Interreg project ESS & MAX IV: Cross Border development activities within health care knowledge initiatives blish a shared centre for reproductive medicine. Science and Society aims to take advantage of the • Dansk Biotek – Danish trade organisation for compa- • Invest in Skåne – A public initiative to attract foreign The project will continue until 31 August 2018 and opportunities offered by the research facilities ESS nies in biotechnology investments to the region, promote exports and inter- the leading partner is Lund University. och MAX IV in Lund. The project has 27 partners and • EuropaBio, the European Association for Bioindustries – nationalisation for companies in the Skåne Region is being headed by Region Skåne and the Capital European trade organisation for the biotechnology industry • Läkemedelsverket/Medical Products Agency – Swedish The innovation programme Medtech4health, Region of Denmark. • EFPIA, European Federation of Pharmaceuticals Indu- authority that tests and approves pharmaceuticals which aims to support medical technology pro- stries and Associations – European trade association • Lægemiddelstyrelsen /Danish Medicines Agency – Da- jects with financial resources, andSwelife , which The biomedical clusters in Cambridge, Leuven, for the pharmaceutical industry in Europe nish authority that tests and approves pharmaceuticals works to increase collaboration and innovation in Heidelberg, Maastricht and Copenhagen have for- • FOIN, the Association of Innovative Settings in Den- • Patent- och registreringsverket/Swedish Patent and life science in Sweden, are both funded by Vinnova med the alliance The Health Axis Europe (HAE), mark – Danish trade association for science parks and Registration Office – Swedish authority for intellectu- and began in 2016 and 2014 respectively. whose aims include increasing international innovative settings, formerly Forskerparkforeningen/ al property rights competitive strength together. The Science Park Organisation • Danish Patent and Trademark Office/Patent- og Var- The EU project Southern Sweden Going Global is • Healthcare Denmark – Danish organisation with politi- emærkestyrelsen – Danish authority for intellectual run by Invest in Skåne and the incubators Medeon The European Medicines Authority (EMA) is cal mandate to market the Danish health care sector property rights and Smile. The aim is to increase the competitive currently located in London. If Great Britain • IFPMA, International Federation of Pharmaceutical Ma- • Styrelsen for Forskning og Innovation – Danish autho- strength and visibility of life science companies. carries through the referendum decision and nufacturers & Associations - international trade associ- rity that works to strengthen research and innovation The project will run for three years, and it began in invokes the article to withdraw from the EU, the ation for pharmaceutical companies and associations • Tillväxtverket – Swedish authority to strengthen com- September of last year. authority will move. Sweden and Denmark are • Kemi & Life Science – Danish trade community and panies’ competitive strength both possible new homebases. network for distributors and manufacturers of chemicals • Tillväxtanalys – Swedish authority with tasks such as The annual conference The Future of Swedish & • Lif Danmark – Trade association for the pharmaceuti- analysing and evaluating Swedish growth policies Danish Life Science in Lund is arranged by the Steno Diabetes Center in Gentofte has a staff of cal industry • Vetenskapsrådet – Swedish authority that works to journal Kemivärlden Biotech and is co-organised 230 and treats 5 700 people for diabetes annually. • Lif Sverige (researching pharmaceutical companies) – develop Swedish research by Medicon Valley Alliance. Medicon Village is a The centre also trains health care personnel Trade association for manufacturers of pharmaceuticals • Vinnova – Swedish authority that works to improve main partner. about the disease. The centre is owned by Novo • Medicoindustrien – Danish trade association for opportunities for innovation and research Nordisk A/S, but on 1 January 2017 it will be taken companies that produce, sell, or have an interest in The conference and trade show Nordic Life Science over by the Capital Region of Denmark, which will medical equipment Media: Days will be taking place in Greater Copenhagen for form a new centre called Steno Diabetes Center • MVA, Medicon Valley Alliance – Networking and mem- • Dagens medicin – Swedish journal about the health the first time in 2017, since its organisers Sweden- Copenhagen (SDCC). In 2020, the centre will move ber organisation in the Danish-Swedish life science care sector Bio and Bionordic decided to move the event from to new premises by Hospital. cluster Medicon Valley in Greater Copenhagen • Dagens medicin, Dagens Pharma, Kommunal Sund- Stockholm to Malmö. The conference has about • Swecare – Swedish member organisation that works for hed and Praktisk medicin – Danish journals about the 1 000 participants from around 30 countries. For more information about the Danish and broad collaboration with the health and health care sectors health care sector Swedish governments’ special initiatives within • SwedenBIO – Swedish trade association for the life • European Biotechnology News – European journal The Danish innovation networks Biopeople and Med- life science and interviews with some of the pe- science sector about life science tech Innovation are receiving support from the Da- ople who coordinate them, see page 78. • Swedish Labtech – Swedish trade association for com- • Kemivärlden Biotech – Scandinavian journal for che- nish Ministry of Higher Education and Science from panies working in diagnostics, laboratory equipment, mistry, chemical engineering and biotechnology analysis and biotechnology • Labiotech.eu – European news site on the biotechno- • Swedish Medtech – Swedish trade association for logy industry medical technology The Prime Minister of • Life Science Sweden – Journal on the Swedish biotechno- • SISP, Swedish Incubators & Science Parks – Swedish Sweden Stefan Löfven logy, medical technology and pharmaceutical industries trade association for incubators and science parks (S) holds an inauguration • Medwatch – Danish news site on the medical and • In addition, there are the broader trade organisations speech at the research pharmaceutical industries NEWS ØRESUND PHOTO: Dansk Industri (Confederation of Danish Industry) and facility Max IV in Lund, 21 • Nordic Life Science News – journal and news site on June 2016. Dansk Erhverv (Danish Chamber of Commerce) and Han- the Nordic life science industry delskammaren (Sweden’s Chamber of Commerce) and • Pharma Industry – Swedish trade journal for the phar- Svenskt Näringsliv (Confederation of Swedish Enterprise). maceutical industry

96 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 97 APPENDIX APPENDIX

REFERENCE LIST Behind the report – Medicon Valley Alliance:

The exact sources are provided with the statistics in the • Oxford Research for Copenhagen Capacity. Talent respective chapters. Attraction Sekretariatet Slutevaluering af Talent Att- Organisation with a new focus raction. March 2016 Last year, Medicon Valley Alliance adopted a new strategy that puts more focus on the Da- PRIMARY STATISTICAL SOURCES: • Patent- og varemærkestyrelsen/Danish Patent and nish-Swedish region and less on international activities. In addition, the Alliance is putting • SCB/Statistics Sweden, including customised analyses Trademark Office, extract efforts into constructing new meeting places and contact areas for its members. CEO Peter Hartman believes that continuing to work on minimising barriers and increasing integration of • Statistics Denmark, including customised analyses • Quacquarelli Symonds (QS) ,QS World University the Region’s life science industry is one of the decisive factors for the cluster’s development. Rankings • RAMS and RAS In 2017 it will be 20 years since the networ- for the Swedish side, but it’s also important not • RAR Hovedstaden (2015). Arbejdsmarkedsanalyse for king organisation Medicon Valley Alliance to concentrate too much on the imbalance. The • UN Comtrade Hovedstaden was formed. The organisation is greeting the most important thing is that we complement anniversary year with a new key strategy. The each other and that we can benefit from working • IMS Institute for Healthcare Informatics: Global • RAR Sjælland (2015). Arbejdsmarkedsanalyse for new strategy was adopted in December of last together to strengthen our position. Swedish life Medicines Use in 2020. Outlook and Implications, Sjælland year, and includes a more defined geographical science is about to be given a new lease of life; November 2015 • Shanghai Ranking Consultancy, Shanghai Ranking focus on its home territory. things will slowly begin turning around. With OTHER SOURCES: – The Danish-Swedish dimension is the red just the investments that have been made here • Socialstyrelsen. Nationell e-hälsa och gemensam thread running through all of our activities, and in the Region with MAX IV and ESS and the • Arbetsförmedlingen (2016). Arbetsmarknadsutsikterna informationsstruktur it has become more defined in our new strategy. developments at Medicon Village, things have våren 2016 It is thus also important that we clarify the already started happening, says Petter Hartman. • Styrelsen for Arbejdsmarked och Rekruttering, Ar- different actors’ roles in the regional innovation • Arbetsförmedlingen (2016). Var finns jobben? Bedömning bejdsmarkedsbalancen system, as well as how we can be a strong part- However, there are still big challenges that need till och med första halvåret 2017 och en långsiktig utblick ner with respect to Greater Copenhagen. Our to be overcome in order to further reinforce the • Styrelsen for Arbejdsmarked og Rekrutterings data- unique role as a uniting force for life science in collaboration. The ID checks have had a negative • Arbetsförmedlingen, Yrkeskompassen bank Jobindsats.dk the region gives us an opportunity to support impact on mobility over Öresund, as have the others, such as for example Invest in Skåne and differences in regulations, for example in social • CWTS Leiden Ranking • Swedish Higher Education Authority (Universitetskans- Copenhagen Capacity in their work to generate security and tax issues, says Petter Hartman. lerämbetet) material and knowledge about the areas of – The difficulties for cross-border commuters • Danish Ministry for Children, Education and Gender Equality, Uddannelsesguiden • Times Higher Education strength here. It also gives us the possibility to are a huge threat. Different kinds of obstacles send out the messages that we believe can be mean that the potential cannot be exploited, and • Danish Ministry of Taxation, Bruttoskatteordningen for • Universities Denmark important to transmit to the outside world, says that limits businesses’ development opportuni- forskere og nøglemedarbejdere - fakta og statistik CEO Petter Hartman. ties. Naturally this is unfortunate, because the • The learning institutions’ own websites were also used: Skåne and Zealand Regions need each other to • EU’s Quality of Life In European Cities Aalborg University in Copenhagen, Technical University The new strategy’s main focus is on Medicon generate growth and competitive strength. of Denmark(DTU), Kristianstad University, Copenhagen Valley Alliance using its resources to create Petter Hartman believes that the question • European Patent Office School of Design and Technology, University of Copen- stronger networks and supplying a platform for of finding personnel and the ability to attract hagen, Lund University, Malmö University, Roskilde collaboration between the life science sector’s talent to our region are decisive for our future. • Forskarskattenämnden, Om skattelättnaderna, statis- University (RUC), Swedish University of Agricultural players in the Skåne and Zealand Regions. – Today, we are tik över inkomna ansökningar om skattelättnader Sciences (SLU) Sometimes it is a question of morning meetings, Scandinavia’s hub creating a network in one of the region’s areas of for highly educated • Global Green Economy Index Top 10 Green Cities • The tables on pages 56-57 and 62 are based on information strength or more extensive strategic collaboration life science person- provided by the universities themselves. Regarding artic- projects. Altogether, the organisation offers its nel, but nothing • Mercer’s Expatriate Quality of Living les, citations, and co-publications, they used the following NEWS ØRESUND PHOTO: sources: Lund University – Scopus and the university’s own 240 members around 30 meetings annually. says that that will • Monocle’s ranking of the 25 most liveable cities database, DTU – Thomson Reuters’ Science Citation Index; last forever. It will be Malmö University – Web of Science and PubMed (2015). The Danish life science sector has enjoyed more arduous to maintain • Nordic Life Science Database, Invest in Skåne and Other learning institutions: their own records. success that its Swedish counterpart in recent our attractiveness Copenhagen Capacity years; that means that the sector’s conditions are and keep up the • In chapters 4 and 5 information directly from the com- different on the different sides of the Öresund. high level of the Petter Hartman • Nordic Business Key, business database Bisnode panies, including their own webpages, was also used. – Naturally we would all like to see a recovery academic system. CEO Medicon Valley Alliance.

98 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 STATE OF MEDICON VALLEY • November 2016 99 MEDICON VALLEY ALLIANCE

MVA is a Gold Label-certified, non-profit member organisation in the Danish-Swedish life science cluster Medicon Valley. Its 250 members include universities, hospitals, human life science businesses, regional governments and service providers that employ approximately 140 000 people and represent the Region’s ’double triple-helix’. The activities in MVA focus on strengthening collaborations for a vibrant life science ecosystem in Medicon Valley through networking events and increased collaboration across borders and sectors.

THE VISION THE MISSION The vision is to be a well-known and respected mem- MVA is committed to realising Medicon Valley’s potential by ber-driven contributor to the realisation and positioning facilitating networking, knowledge-sharing, and collabo- of Medicon Valley as the most competitive and vital life ration, analysing challenges and potentials, and mobilising science cluster in Northern Europe. support from key opinion leaders.

CALL TO ACTION Read more about the Danish-Swedish life science cluster organisation Medicon Valley Alliance’s events and activities on www.mva.org, where you can also find more information about how YOUR company can benefit from a membership.