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Continue David Stuart Davies describes how his novels remain a permanent monument to his brilliance as a storyteller The greatest set of literary heroes are these three daredevil musketeers, , and and their companion in arms d'Artagnan, the creation of the French writer Alexandre Dumas (1802-1870). In the introduction to the novel (1844), the author explains that his inspiration for the book was Mémoires de Monsieur d'Artagnan (1700), the historical fantasy of Gatien de Courtily de Sandras, in which d'Artagnan tells his first visit to and the office of M. de Tréville, captain of , where in the hallway he meets and eventually befriends the three most dangerous musketeers of the era : Athos, Porthos and Aramis. This piece of information flourished in Dumas's creative mind in a famous saga that has delighted generations of readers around the world. In fact, the novel, set in from 1625 to 1688, is a living romantic romp, telling about the turbulent and exciting adventures of the characters, who are embroiled in the affairs of the state and the royal court. However, Dumas also often deals with various injustices, abuses and absurdities of the old regime that existed before the French Revolution (1789-1799), which took place less than fifty years before the publication of the novel. This gives the narrative an additional contemporary political aspect at a time when the debate in France between republicans and monarchists was still fierce. One of the novel's highlights is the rich and varied characterization of the four characters, reinforcing drama, comedy and narrative pathos: d'Artangnan is young, handsome, stupid and brave; Athos, who becomes the figure of d'Artagnan's father, has never recovered from a failed marriage and seeks solace in wine; Aramis hesitates between his religious vocation and his passion for women and scheming; Porthos, a dandy who likes fashionable clothes and wants to make a fortune for himself, is the least cerebral, but compensates for his strength and cruelty in battle. The quartet often fall out with each other, but when the chips were down, they unify into a fine combat machine, living up to their cry: All for one and one for all!. The novel gains a layer of authenticity by inserting real historical figures into the plot, including King Louis XIII and his chief adviser , whom Dumas portrays as a sinister, dangerous and duplied figure who plots against Queen Anne in reluctance to reject his progress. In fact, the Queen is having a secret affair with a successful Englishman: George Villiers, The Prince of Buckingham, who carries with him the dangers of both the French and British thrones. Richelieu is not the only villain security and stability of France. There is also the fictional , a beautiful, scheming and treacherous temptress who is a spy for the cardinal and, as it turns out, wife Athos! To unravel this particular mystery ing, I recommend you to read the book. The three Musketeers were never out of print and were translated into most languages of the world. In addition, there were many plays, movies, TV series, cartoon adventures and even a musical based on novels. In particular, cinema was the most wonderful, using the title characters in different ways. Among the many features most notable are the lively silent version of Douglas Fairbanks in 1921 and the first English-language film with Walter Abel as d'Artangnan in 1935. In 1973, Richard Lester directed two features Three Musketeers and Four Musketeers with Michael Yorke as d'Artangnan, Charlton Heston as Richelieu and Raquel Welch as Milady. This project, which emphasized the comic aspects of history, was first attached in 1960 as a project for The Beatles. Recently, a swashuffeured quartet appeared in a BBC series that transcended the boundaries of the original novel and took on the atmosphere of a Western film with musketeers behaving like a group of vigilantes riding to the rescue, guns blazing. After the novel's immediate success, Dumas continued the saga of d'Artangnan in two consecutive tomes (1845) and Vicomte of Bragelonne: Ten Years Later (1847). The latter title, an extensive tom of 268 chapters, is usually divided into three, four or even five individual books. In the three-tone English editions, the sections are titled Vicomte de Bragelonne, Louise de la Vallière and The Man in . Other notable novels from Alexandre Dumas' pen, full of high adventure and thrilling action, include the Corsioc Brothers (1844) and the Earl of Monte Cristo (1844-45). Dumas' last novel, Knight Sainte-Hermine, unfinished after his death, was completed by a scholar in France in 2005, becoming a bestseller. It was published in English in 2008 as The Last Cavalier. The novel is a swashuling story set in the rise of the Napoleonic Empire. The key scene depicts the Battle of Trafalgar and the death of British Admiral Horatio Nelson. The extravagant nature of Dumas' story was reflected in the nature of man himself. Although he was married, in the tradition of the French upper social class, Dumas had many extra-married affairs - allegedly as many as forty - and was known to have had at least four illegitimate children. One illicit affair was with Adah Isaacs Menken, an American actress then less than half his age and at the height of his career. English playwright Watts Phillips, who knew Dumas in his he described him as the most generous, generous being in the world. He was also the most playful and selfish creature on the face of the earth. His tongue was like a windmill – when he started, he never knew when he would stop, especially if the subject was alone. Regardless of what dumas he had as a man, his novels remain a permanent monument to his brilliance as a storyteller - a brilliance that still wieldes its magic to this day. Project Gutenberg 63,451 free ebooks 146 by Alexandre Dumas For other uses, see Three Musketeers (disambiguation). See also: Three Musketeers in the film. Novel by Alexandre Dumas D'Artagnan, Athos, Aramis, and PorthosImage Maurice LeloirAuthorAlexandre DumasOriginal titleLes Trois MousquetairesCountryFranceLanguageFrenchGenreHistorical novel, Adventure novel, Swashbucklerancy date March- July 1844 (series)Pagesc. 700 (depending on the edition)After the years 190-1913) is an adventure novel by the French writer Alexandre Dumas from 1844. It is in the genre of swashbuckler, which has heroic, chivalrous swords men who fight for justice. Set between 1625 and 1628, it tells the adventures of a young man named d'Artagnan (a character based on Charles de Batz-Castelmore d'Artagnan) after he leaves home to go to Paris, hoping to join the Musketeers of the Guard. Although d'Artagnan is not able to immediately join this elite corps, he befriends the three most dangerous musketeers of that age – Athos, Porthos and Aramis, three inseparable – and engages in state and court affairs. The three musketeers are primarily historical and adventure novels. However, Dumas often depicts the various injustices, abuses and absurdities of Ancien Régime, giving the novel additional political significance at the time of its publication, at a time when the debate in France between republicans and monarchists was still fierce. History was first serialized from March to July 1844, during the July monarchy, four years before the French Revolution in 1848 brutally established the Second Republic. The story of d'Artagnan continues twenty years after and Vicomte of Bragelonne: Ten years later. Origin guard c. 1660. Dumas presents his novel as one of a series of recovered manuscripts, turning the beginnings of his romance into a small drama. In the foreman he talks about inspiration with a scene in the Mémoires de Monsieur d'Artagnan (1700), a historical novel by Gatien de Courtily de Sandras, printed by Pierre Rouge in Amsterdam, which Dumas discovered while researching the history of Louis XIV. [1] [2] According to Dumas, d'Artagnan talks about his first visit to M. de Tréville, captain of the Musketeers, and as in the hallway, met three young Béarnese with the names Athos, Porthos and Aramis, he made such an impression on him that he continued the investigation. True – the rest is fiction: he finally found the names of three Musketeers in a manuscript entitled Mémoire de M. le comte de la Fère, etc. Dumas requested permission to reprint the manuscript; permission has been granted: Now, this is the first part of this valuable manuscript that we offer our readers, restoring it to the title that belongs to it, and making a commitment that if (of which we have no doubt) this first part should get the success it deserves, we will publish the second immediately. In the meantime, because the godfathers are the other fathers, as it were, we beg the reader to put himself on our account, and not to comte de la Fère, pleasure or ennui can experience. It is understandable, let's move on to our history. The three Musketeers wrote in collaboration with , who also collaborated with Dumas on his sequels (Twenty Years After and The Vicomte of Bragelonne: Ten Years Later), as well as the Earl of Monte Cristo. Maquet suggests plot outlines after historical research; Dumas expanded the story, removing some characters, including new ones, and saturating the story with his unique style. The three musketeers were first published in serial form in Le Siècle newspaper from March to July 1844. Plot Summary In 1625, France d'Artagnan (poor young nobleman) leaves his family in Gascony and goes to Paris to join the Musketeers Guards. At home in Meung-sur-Loire, an elderly man mocks the horse d'Artagnan. Offended, d'Artagnan demands a duel. But older companions instead beat d'Artagnan unconscious with a cooking pot and a metal pliers that breaks his sword. His introductory letter to Monsieur de Tréville, commander of the Musketeers, was also stolen. D'Artagnan decides to avenge the older man, who later turns out to be , the agent of Cardinal Richelieu, who passes the cardinal's orders to his spy, Lady de Winter, usually called Milady de Winter or simply Milady. In Paris, d'Artagnan visits monsieur de Tréville at the musketeers' headquarters, but without a letter Tréville politely rejects his request. However, he writes an introductory letter to the academy for young gentlemen, which can prepare his guest for recruitment at a later time. From tréville d'Artagnan's window, he sees Rochefort crossing the street below and runs out of the building to confront him, but in this way he insults the three Musketeers, Athos, Porthos and Aramis, who demand satisfaction; d'Artagnan must fight of them that afternoon. As d'Artagnan prepares for his first duel, he realizes that Athos' seconds are Porthos and Aramis, who are amazed that young Gascon is going to duel with them all. As d'Artagnan and Athos begin, Cardinal Richelieu's guards appear and attempt to arrest d'Artagnan and the three Musketeers for illegal duels. Although they are more numerous from four to five, four men win the battle. D'Artagnan seriously injures Jussac, one of the cardinal's officers and a well-known warrior. After hearing this, King Louis XIII calls d'Artagnan to the Company of Des Essart of the Royal Guard and gives him forty pistols. Depiction of the Musketeers cardinal, great rivals of the musketeers of the king. D'Artagnan employs a servant named Planchet, finds accommodation and reports to the Monsieur des Essart, whose company is a less prestigious regiment in which he will have to serve for two years before being considered for musketeers. Soon after, his owner tells him about the kidnapping of his wife, Constance Bonacieux. When he is currently released, d'Artagnan falls in love with her at first sight. She works for Queen Anne of France, who secretly has an affair with the English Prince of Buckingham. King Louis XIII gave the Queen the gift of diamond pins, but she gives them to her lover as a souvenir. Cardinal Richelieu, who wants a war between France and England, plans to unveil a tryst and convinces the king to demand the Queen wear diamonds to soirée that the cardinal is sponsoring. Constance tries to send her husband to London to retrieve diamonds from Buckingham, but the man is manipulated by Richelieu and so does not go, so d'Artagnan and his friends intercess. On their way to England, the Cardinal's henchmen repeatedly attack them and only d'Artagnan and Planchet arrive in London. Before arriving, d'Artagnan is forced to attack and almost kill Comte de Wardes, a friend of the Cardinal, Rochefort's cousin and Milada's lover. Although Milady stole two diamond studs, the Duke of Buckingham provides replacements, delaying the thief's return to Paris. D'Artagnan is thus able to return the full set of jewels to Queen Annie just in time to save her honor. Thank you for giving him a beautiful ring. Soon after, d'Artagnan begins an affair with Madame Bonacieux. Arriving at the assignment, he sees signs of struggle and discovers that Rochefort and M. Bonacieux, acting under the orders of the Cardinal, attacked and insemnified Constancies. D'Artagnan and his friends have now recovered from their injuries, returning to Paris. D'Artagnan officially meets Milady de Winter and considers her one of the cardinal's agents, but is fascinated until her maid reveals that Milady is indifferent to him. Entering her quarters in the dark, she pretends to be Comte Wardes and trysts with her. She finds a fleur-de-fox branded on Milada's shoulder, marking her as a criminal. Discovering his identity, Milady tries to kill him, but d'Artagnan escapes her. He is ordered to be under siege by La Rochelle. He was informed that the Queen had saved Constancia from prison. In the inn, musketeers eavesdrop on a cardinal asking Milada to murder the Duke of Buckingham, a supporter of Protestant rebels in La Rochelle who sent troops to help them. Richelieu gives her a letter that justifies her actions, as per the cardinal himself, but Athos takes it. The next morning, Athos bets that he, d'Artagnan, Porthos and Aramis, and their services can hold the captured bastion of St. Gervais against the rebels for an hour, to discuss their next course of action. Resist for an hour and a half before retreating, killing a total of 22 Rochellese; d'Artagnan is a musketeer as a result of this feat. They warn Lord de Winter and the Duke of Buckingham. Milady is imprisoned upon arrival in England, but seduces her guard, Felton (fiction of the real John Felton) and convinces him to let her escape and kill Buckingham himself. After returning to France, Milady hides in the monastery where Constance also resides. Naïve Constance clings to Milada, who sees a chance for revenge on d'Artagnan, and fatally poisons Constance before d'Artagnan can save her. The Musketeers arrested Milady before reaching Cardinal Richelieu. They bring the official executioner, put her before the court and sentence her to death. After her execution, four friends return to the siege of La Rochelle. Comte de Rochefort arrested d'Artagnan and takes him to the cardinal. When asked about Milada's execution, d'Artagnan presents his pardon letter as his own. Impressed by d'Artagnan's willfulness and secretly happy to get rid of Milada, the cardinal destroys the letter and writes a new order, giving the bearer a promotion to lieutenant at the Musketeers' Tréville company, leaving the name empty. D'Artagnan offers a letter to Athos, Porthos and Aramis in turn, but each refuses; Athos, because he is beneath him, Porthos, because he is retiring to marry his wealthy mistress, and Aramis, because he joins the priesthood. D'Artagnan, though heartbroken and full of regret, finally receives the promotion he coveted. Athos Musketeers – Comte de la Fère: never recovered from his marriage to Milada and seeks solace in wine. He becomes the father of d'Artagnan. Porthos – M. du Vallon: dandys, who like fashionable clothes and are happy to make a fortune for themselves. The least cerebral quartet, he compensates for his home strength of body and character. Aramis – René d'Herblay, a handsome young man who hesitates between his religious vocation and his love for women Scheming. D'Artagnan – Charles de Batz de Castelmore d'Artagnan: a young, stupid, brave and wise man who wants to become a musketeer in France. The servants of the Planchet Musketeers – a young man from Picardy, is seen by Porthos on the Pont de la Tournelle spitting into the river below. Porthos sees this as a sign of good character and employs him on site to serve d'Artagnan. It turns out that he is a courageous, intelligent and loyal servant. Grimaud from Breton. Athos is a strict master and only allows his servant to speak in an emergency; communicates mainly via sign language. Mousqueton was originally a Norman named Boniface; Porthos, however, changes his name to one that sounds better. He is a would-be dandy, just as vain as his master. Instead of remuneration, he is dressed and folded in a way better than that usually for servants, dressing wonderfully in his master's old clothes. Bazin – from berry province, Bazin is a devout man who waits for the day when his master (Aramis) will join the church, as he always dreamed of serving a priest. Others Milady de Winter – a beautiful and evil spy cardinal, is also the ex-wife of Athos. D'Artagnan impersonates a rival to spend the night with her, attracting her deadly hatred. Rochefort is a more conventional cardinal agent. After their duel on the road to Paris, d'Artagnan vows revenge. He misses a few opportunities, but their paths eventually cross again at the end of the novel. Constance Bonacieux is a seamsted and confidante of the Queen. After d'Artagnan saves her from of the cardinal, she immediately falls in love with her. He appreciates his protection, but the relationship is never consumed. Monsieur Bonacieux is the husband of Constance. Initially, he asks d'Artagnan for help in rescuing his wife from the guardians of the cardinal, but when he himself is arrested, he and the cardinal discover that they have an understanding. Richelieu turns Monsieur Bonacieux against his wife, and he plays a role in her abdument. Kitty is a servant of Milada de Winter. He dislikes his mistress and loves d'Artagnan. Lord Winter is the brother of milada's second husband, who died of a mysterious disease (reportedly poisoned by Milady). He imprisoned Milady upon her arrival in England and decided to send her abroad into exile. He later took part in Milady's trial. Historical figures of King Louis XIII of France – portrayed by Dumas as a rather weak monarch often manipulated by his chief minister. Queen is the unhappy Queen of France. Cardinal Richelieu – Armand Jean du Plessis, chief minister of the king, who conspires against the Queen in reluctance to reject his progress. Dumas describes him as 36 or 37, although in 1625 Richelieu was 40 years old. M. de Tréville – captain of the Musketeers and mentor of d'Artagnan, although he has only secondary role. George Villiers, the first Duke of Buckingham – a handsome and charismatic man accustomed to not thinking about starting a war between England and France for his personal convenience. His courtship of Anna of Austria gets into trouble. John Felton – puritanical officer appointed to guard Milada and warned about her ways, however, is seduced and deceived by her within days and kills Buckingham at her request. Editions Les Trois Mousquetaires was translated into three English versions in 1846. One of them, william barrow (1817-1877), is still in print and quite faithful to the original, available in the Oxford World's Classics 1999 edition. To adapt to 19th-century English standards, all explicit and many implicit references to sexuality were removed, which negatively affected the readability of several scenes, such as scenes between d'Artagnan and Milady. One of the last English translations is Richard Pevear (2006),[4] who, while applauding Barrow's work, states that most of the contemporary translations available today are textbook examples of bad translation practices that give their readers the extremely distorted concept of Dumas writing. Film adaptations Main article: The Three Musketeers in The Three Musketeers (1921), a let-up film adaptation with Douglas Fairbanks. The Three Musketeers (1948), a 1948 adaptation starring Van Heflin, Lana Turner, June Allyson, Angela Lansbury and Gene Kelly. The Three Musketeers (1973), adapted by Richard Lester with Oliver Reed, Frank Finlay, Richard Chamberlain and Michael York. The Three Musketeers (1993), a 1993 Disney adaptation starring Charlie Sheen, Kiefer Sutherland, Oliver Plalt and Chris O'Donnell. Three Musketeers (2011) directed by Paul W.S. Anderson and starring Luke Evans, Ray Stevenson and Milli Jovovich. [9] Television Novel has also been adapted for live- action television and animation. The BBC's live-action has adapted the novel three times. The Three Musketeers is a 1954 BBC adaptation of six 30-minute episodes starring Laurence Payne. Roger Delgado, Paul Whitsun-Jones and Paul Hansard's The Three Musketeers, the 1966 BBC adaptation of ten 25-minute episodes directed by Peter Hammond and starring Jeremy Brett, Jeremy Young and Brian Blessed The Musketeers, Adrian Hodges' 2014 series, is the latest BBC adaptation starring Tom Burke Santiago Cabrera, Howard Charles and Luke Pasqualino as titular Musketeers. is an American television series that aired on PAX in 2005. The series is a continuation of the novel, focused on the son of d'Artagnan, played by Tobias Mehler. Walt Disney Productions animation produced a Silly Symphony cartoon called Three Blind Mouseketeers, which is loosely based on 1936, in which the characters are depicted as Animals. The two-part adaptation aired on The Famous Adventures Of Mr. Magoo, starring Magoo as D'Artagnan. Dogtanian and the Three Muskehounds is a 1981 Spanish-Japanese adaptation of the 1981 anime, in which characters are anthropomorphic dogs. The sequel, The Return of Dogtanian, was released in 1989 by BRB Internacional, Thames Television and Wang Film Productions. Set 10 years after its original, it is loosely based on the novel vicomte de Bragelonne. The key difference between the two Dogtan adaptations and Dumas's novel is that the character traits of Athos and Porthos have been swapped, making Athosa an extrovert and Porthos a secretive noble group. In 1989, Gakken produced a new anime adaptation called The Three Musketeers Anime, this time with human characters that includes several departures from the original. The Three Musketeers are a series of animated shorts produced by Hanna-Barber as part of The Banana Splits Comedy-Adventure Hour and The Banana Splits & Friends. Albert The Fifth Musketeer is a 1994 French animated series that features the titular Albert. Mickey, Donald, Goofy: The Three Musketeers, a direct animated film produced by Walt Disney Pictures and the Australian office of DisneyToon Studios directed by Donovan Cook, released on August 17, 2004. Barbie's adaptation of a story called Barbie and the Three Musketeers was made in 2009. Stage The first stage production was in Dumas' life as the opera Les Trois Mousquetaires with a libretto by Dumas himself and music by Albert Visetti. The Three Musketeers is a musical with a book by William Anthony McGuire, lyrics by Clifford Grey and P. G. Wodehouse and music by Rudolf Friml. The original 1928 production was released on Broadway for 318 performances. In 1984, 15 announcements and 9 performances were released. In 2003, the Dutch musical premiered with a book by André Breedland and music & lyrics by Rob & Ferdi Bolland, which opened in Germany (both dutch and German production starring Pia Douwes as Milady De Winter) and Hungary. Playwright Peter Raby, composer George Stiles and songwriter Paul Leigh wrote another adaptation titled The 3 Musketeers, One Musical For All, originally produced by the now de angeles American Musical Theatre in San Jose. Ken Ludwig's adaptation took place at the Bristol Old Vic in 2006. [11] In this version, d'Artagnan's sister, the quintessential boy, poses as a young man and takes part in his brother's adventures. In 2018, The Dukes performed an outdoor promenade production at Williamson Park in Lancaster, adapted by Hattie Naylor: in this version, d'Artagnan was a young woman aspiring to be a musketeer. [12] Video games and board games were released in 1995 by U.S. Gold of Touché: Adventures of the Fifth Musketeer przez twórców gier wideo Clipper Clipper Classic point-and-click adventure game. In 2005, Swedish developer Legendo Entertainment released the platform game The Three Musketeers for Windows XP and . In July 2009, a version of the game was released for WiiWare in North America and Europe titled The Three Musketeers: One for All!. In 2009, Canadian developer Dingo Games published The Three Musketeers: The Game for Windows and Mac OS X. In 2009, the asymmetric board game The Three Musketeers Pendants queen (Настольная игра Три мушкет In 2010, ystari and Rio Grande released a game called Mousquetaires du Roy. Roy's alternative spelling was taken from the old French language and is reportedly preferred over the usual spelling because publishers want to have the letter Y on behalf of the games they publish. [19] Designed by François Combe and Gilles Lehmann for 1-5 players, the medium-heavy game represents a quest to reclaim the Queen's diamonds while fending off disasters in Paris. In 2010, a sixth expansion pack called Treville was also released. In 2010, Anuman Interactive released The Three Musketeers, a hidden object game for PC and MAC. Players follow d'Artagnan in his quest to become a royal musketeer. In 2016, KindaTV released an online series based on the story of the Three Musketeers, entitled All For One. [23] It follows a group of students, mostly Dorothy Castlemore, and revolves around sorority- Mu Sigma Theta (MST). Most characters have been converted to gender from the original story, and most character names are based on the original characters. It covers several topics, including LGBT community, mental health, distance relationships and college life. The other three Musketeers, Number 1, Classic Comics, published in 1941 by Albert Lewis Kanter (1897-1973), created Classic Comics for the Elliot Publishing Company in 1941, and his debut releases are The Three Musketeers. is the title of two series produced by DC Comics; the first series was a loose parody of the Three Musketeers. In 1939, American writer Tiffany Thayer published a book called The Three Musketeers (Thayer, 1939). It is a retelling of the story in Thayer's words, faithful to the original plot, but told in a different order and from different points of view and pressure from the original. Steven Brust's fantasy novel Khaavren Romances series all used Dumas novels (especially D'Artagnan Romances) as their main inspiration, transforming the plots of these novels to fit in Dragaer's world. His 2020 novel Baron from the Master's Valley follows him, using the Count of Monte Cristo as a starting point. [25] Sarah Hoyt wrote a series of historical murder mysteries with musketeers as heroes. [26] (Hoyt wrote novels under the name Sarah d'Almeida.) Tansy Rayner Roberts wrote Musketeer Space, a space opera about an original book in which almost all characters have a different gender, as a weekly serialized novel from 2014 to 2016. In popular culture Literature In the book The Assault, The Three Musketeers is quoted in the Prologue as the hero had a story read to him by Mr. Beumer, a lawyer who later becomes senous and morbid. Film and TELEVISION In the film The of aging Musketeers comes out of retirement and unites to save France from the spoiled, cruel young King Louis XIV (played by Leonardo DiCaprio). The film stars Jeremy Irons as Aramis, John Malkovich as Athos, Gerard Depardieu as Porthos and Gabriel Byrne as D'Artagnon. In Slumdog Millionaire Jamal Malik the last question was to correctly identify the name of the third musketeer who was Aramis. Jamal did it and captured twenty million rupees. In the film Django Unchained, one of the slaves, owned by Calvin Candie, is named D'Artangonn. The video games Pokémon Black and White, Pokémon Terrakion, Cobalion and Virizion, known as Swords of Justice, are based on the Three Musketeers. Cobalion represents Athos, Terrakion represents Porthos, and Virizion represents Aramis. The Fourth Sword of Justice, Keldeo, represents d'Artagnan. [28] References ^ Les Trois Mousquetaires alexandre dumas - Free Ebook : Author's Preface. Gutenberg.org 2004 Accessed February 26, 2014. ^ Losada, Juan Carlos (November 3, 2019). Los mosqueteros y la alargada sombra de Alejandro Dumas. La Vanguardia (in Spanish). Accessed May 17, 2020. ^ Dumas, Alexandre. Three Musketeers, Author's Preface. ^ Thorpe, Adam (November 25, 2006). Review: Three Musketeers by Alexandre Dumas, translated by Richard Pevear. The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Accessed May 17, 2020. ^ Dumas, Alexandre The Three Musketeers, Penguin Classics Deluxe Edition, A Note on the Translation, p. xxi ^ Three Musketeers. 1921. Directed by Fred Niblo | Moma. Museum of Modern Art. Accessed May 17, 2020. ^ Three musketeers. Accessed March 4, 2020. ^ Three musketeers. Accessed March 4, 2020. Young, Neil (September 23, 2011). Three Musketeers: Movie Review. The Hollywood Reporter. Accessed May 17, 2020. ^ Strecker, Erin (August 1, 2012). One for all: THE BBC announces a new 'Musketeers' programme. Entertainment Weekly. Accessed August 1, 2012. ^ Ken Ludwig – playwright. Three musketeers. www.kenludwig.com. Accessed December 28, 2018. ^ Bartlett, Chris (July 24, 2018). Three Musketeers review on Park, Lancaster – a neat and inclusive open-air theatre. Scene. Accessed July 25, 2018. ^ Brennan, Clare (July 22, 2018). Three Musketeers review – a joyous twist on the classic swashbuckler. Observer. Accessed July 25, 2018. ↑ Touché: The Adventures of the Fifth Musketeer, Moby Games ^ Three Musketeers: One for All! (WiiWare). Life. Accessed January 18, 2010. ^ Three Musketeers: Game, Moby Games ^ Pascal Bernard – Board Game Designer. BoardGameGeek. Accessed January 18, 2010. ^ Звезда. Настольные игры. Сборные модели и миниатюры. (in Russian). Zvezda. Accessed January 18, 2010. ^ Mousquetaires du Roy. BoardGameGeek. Accessed March 15, 2018. ↑ 1st Ystari Game where the S comes before the Y?. BoardGameGeek. Accessed March 15, 2018. ^ Mousquetaires du Roy: Tréville Miniature. BoardGameGeek. Accessed March 15, 2018. ↑ HdO Adventure Series | GamesIndustry International. Gamesindustry.biz 18 March 2010 Accessed June 29, 2014. ^ All for One, Gwenlyn Cumyn, Angie Lopez, Claire Gagnon-King, recovered April 11, 2018CS1 maint: others (link) ^ Tilendis, Robert M. (December 23, 2014). Steven Brusta's Khaavren romances. Green Man Review. Accessed August 3, 2020. ^ Eddy, Cheryl (July 1, 2020). There are so many new sci-fi and fantasy books coming out in July. Gizmodo. Accessed August 3, 2020. ^ Steven Brust (July 28, 2020). Baron of the Master's Valley. Tom Doherty Associates. ISBN 978-1-250-31146-7. ↑ Ken Sugimori reveals more designs for lost Gen 5 Pokemon. The content of lava cutting. 31 May 2019 Accessed September 23, 2019. ^ October 2013, Henry Gilbert 10. Pokemon Facts - 30 little-known pieces of curiosities from the classic series. gamesradar. Accessed August 28, 2020. Wikimedia Commons external links have media associated with Les Trois Mousquetaires. Wikisource has the original text associated with this article: Three Musketeers Three Musketeers in Project Gutenberg. Plain text format. The Three Musketeers public domain audiobook at LibriVox History of Dumas' Musketeers, shows links between the characters and actual history. The extensive Dumas collection brings together the Three Musketeers. Scanned editions of the public domain in PDF Archive.org, some with illustrations, introductions, and other helpful materials. Paris of three Musketeers, E. H. Blashfield and E. W. Blashfield. Scribner's Magazine, August 1890. Cornell University Library. Cooper, Barbara T., Alexandre Dumas, père, at the Dictionary of Literary Biography, Vol. 119: 19th-century French writers: romanticism and realism, 1800–1860, edited by Catharine Savage Brosman, Gale Research, 1992, p. 98–119. Hemmings, F. W. J., Alexandre Dumas Père, at European Writers: The Romantic Century, Vol. 6, edited by Jacques Barzun and George Stade, Sons of Charles Scribner, 1985, Foote-Greenwell, Victoria, Life and Resurrection of Alexandre Dumas, smithsonian, July 1996, p. 110. Thayer, Tiffany, Three Musketeers, New York: Citadel Press, 1939. (On the hard cover, the title is printed as Tiffany Thayer's Three Musketeers.) Work overview, bibliography and links Bibliography and testimonials for The Three Musketeers Novels Portal Downloaded from 23 MusketiersDe MusicalDutch 3 MusketiersMusicRob BollandFerdi BollandPaul Bogaev logo LyricsRob BollandFerdi BollandPaul BogaevBookAndré BreedlandProductionsRotterdam 2003 2005 Stuttgart 2007 Hungary 2007 Off Broadway 2009 3 Musketiers – Dutch musical, Also known as 3 Musketeers (German), 3 Musketeers (English) and A 3 Testőr (Hungarian) written by Ferdi Bolland and Rob Bolland. The story is based on Alexandre Dumas, père's novel The Three Musketeers from 1844. It premiered in Rotterdam in 2003 with Bastiaan Ragas as d'Artagnan and Pisa Douwes as Milady de Winter. Productions German production (opening in Berlin in 2005) was later mounted, also with the participation of Pia Douwes. Hungarian production was installed in 2006. The original Dutch production featured minimalist sets and abstract Yan Tax costumes that were not faithful to the period of the song, but gave the impression of character and impression of the era. For example, Milady De Winter's outfits were mainly based on leather and lace, while Anna wore spectacularly jewelled gowns, including a dress made entirely of real peacock feathers. German productions used the same costumes with new accessories, the most noticeable change of which is that milady costume for Where did this summer go? she was changed from a black leather coat and disheveled hair to a long black velvet gown, and her hair down and curly. The sets for German productions were realistic and faithful to the period of the song and gave an interesting contrast with modern costume styles. According to Elizabeth's tradition, new songs have been added to each new production. Description Starting with Gascony in 1626, d'Artagnan trains a duel on his parents' farm before his sick father comes and reminds him that the duel was forbidden by the king. Father D'Artagnan remembers his days as one of the king's musketeers - a position to which d'Artagnan aspires. D'Artagnan reflects on the condition of his older father (father) before deciding to go to Paris to try to become a Musketeer (Today Is The Day). In the inn near Paris, Catholic and Protestant residents reflect on the common hatred of each other (Catholic and Huguenot), while the captain of the Cardinal's Guard, Rochefort, waits with his people for the arrival of Milady de Winter, who returned from where she spied on the English court. Milady arrives, excited excited return in France and dreams of reuniting with her one true love (Milady Is Back). Rochefort instructs Milady that she must remain in the inn and not continue to Paris because she had been expelled from France about 25 years earlier and could not travel without the cardinal's documentation. D'Artagnan arrives at the inn and duels with Rochefort and wins before leaving for Paris. The king's three musketeers (Athos, Porthos and Aramis) reflect on their shared love and hatred of Paris, just as d'Artagnan arrives in the city. The Queen's handmaiden, Constance, watches as the sun rises over the city as the city's and merchants go about their routine (Paris). Constance and d'Artagnan meet on the streets of the city before d'Artagnan manages to get into an argument with Athos, Porthos and Aramis, who challenge him to a duel the next morning. In the Cathedral, Cardinal Richelieu prays, showing his absolute faith (O Lord). Queen Anne arrives and is recommended by Richelieu to use her influence over the king to start a holy war against the Protestant church. The king arrives and the merits of the war are discussed, with the suggestion that the king uses Anna as a political pawn to gain favor from his family at the Spanish court (war or no war). The next morning, d'Artagnan arrives for the duel, as do the three Musketeers, only to be interrupted by Rochefort and his men. The Musketeers and d'Artagnan win the battle against Rochefort and the Cardinal's Guard and agree to take d'Artagnan to meet the king (One for all and all for one). At The Cathedral, Milady arrives to talk to Richelieu, telling him that she had seen British Prime Minister Lord Buckingham in Paris and that in exchange for reversing Richelieu's exile, he would spy on him. Richelieu reveals the brand on Milada's shoulder and reminds her that he is in his power and always will be. She reveals that she was tense for having an affair with a priest and that she would always be indebted to the Church. When Richelieu leaves, Milady reflects on her situation and the fact that she was raped by a priest and that the Church blamed her. Anna reflects on her arranged marriage to the king and Constantine dreams of d'Artagnan (Who can live without love?). Athos reveals to d'Artagnan that he was once in love with a beautiful young woman he married. She was so pure that she insisted that she always love herself in the dark until one evening in the moonlight, found a brand on her shoulder, revealing her as a and thief and had her banished from the country and never saw her again. Lord Buckingham meets Anna and it turns out that they are former lovers. She gives him a necklace from crown jewels and makes promises to him that he will not denounce the war in England. Milady sees the exchange and proceeds to try to steal the necklace. D'Artagnan protects the Lord and is seen by Constance, who finally reveals his name to him (Constance) and sleep together (Tonight). Milady sneaks into buckingham chambers and a steel box containing a necklace before being recognised by Buckingham, who considers her the widow of her friend, Lord de Winter. Milady escapes and takes the box to the cardinal, who states that it is empty. Milady expresses his hatred of men (Men) and heads to the Royal Hunt, disguised as Richelieu suggests that the king organizes the ball and that he and the Queen wear full crown jewels (Hunt). The first act ends in great uncertainty, but with d'Artagnan he vows to go to England and retrieve a necklace from Buckingham for the Queen (Fight). D'Artagnan moves to England and meets Lord Buckingham, obtaining a necklace. Milady goes to the dots and waits for d'Artagnan to return to France, at which point she tries to seduce him and take the necklace, but she fails. This explains to the cardinal, who tells her that he has one last chance to get a necklace or will never remove her stigma. When Milady leaves to try to find d'Artagnan, Richelieu is overwhelmed by the body's desires and their conflict with his faith (Not Made Of Stone). In the Palace, Anna and the King discuss their marriage. She begs him to show her the same love she showed him (Unshared Sorrow). Constance and d'Artagnan separately sing about their love for each other as they return to Paris (All I Ever Want). Constance is attacked by Milady and her men and captured so that they can blackmail d'Artagnan to give them a necklace. In La Rochelle, Richelieu prepares for war (Believe Me) as the Musketeers try to find d'Artagnan, which they eventually do, dressed as three monks. The Musketeers reveal to d'Artagnan that Constance has been kidnapped and that they must go to the monastery where she is imprisoned. In the dungeons of the monastery, Constance dreams of d'Artagnan saving her (God smiled at us) before Milady arrives, dressed as a nun and poisoning Constance. When Constance dies, Milady reveals how years of heartache have turned her heart into a stone and destroyed her faith. D'Artagnan and the Musketeers arrive, and Milady tries to escape. Athos reveals that he is his ex-wife and escapes to the monastery tower. Milady follows Athos and tells him that she waited 25 years to see him and still loves him more than ever and that all she has done is try to get Richelieu to free her so she can be with Athos once again (Where did this summer go?). Athos, overcome with emotion, allows Porthos and Aramis to decide the punishment for Milada - which they believe should be death. When Athos pulls out her sword, Milady throws herself to her death from the tower. In the Palace began the Ball, and d'Artagnan arrives just in time to give the Queen reveal Constance's murder and Richelieu conspiracies. When Richelieu and his men are arrested, the king and queen are united and plan to finally have children. D'Artagnan goes to his father's grave and reflects on his new life as a musketeer. [3] List of music numbers Prologue (Streetsinger - Not found in the original Dutch production) Nu /Heut ist der Tag (Teraz/Today Is The Day - d'Artagnan) Milady ist zurück (Milady is back - Milady - written for German production) Katholiek en Hugenoot (Catholic and Huguenots - Choir - Choir - Dutch production only) Parijs/Paris (Paris - Choir) O Heer/O Herr (Oh Lord - Cardinal) Vader/Vater (Father - d'Artagnan) Mannen/Männer (Men - Milady and choir) Een voor allen/Einer für alle (All for One - Athos, Porthos, Aramis, d'Artagnan) Liefde laat je nooit alleen (Love will never leave your site - Athos - Dutch and Hungarian productions only) Engel aus Kristall (Crystal Angel - Atho - German production only) Constance (d'Artagnan) Ik Ben Een Vrouw/Wer kann schon ohne Liebe sein (I Am A Woman/Who Can Live Without Love? - Milady , Anna and Constance) Yacht/Jagd (Hunting - Aristocracy) Deze Nacht (Tonight - Constance and d'Artagnan - Dutch and Hungarian only) Alles/Alles (All I Ever Want - d'd'Artagnan and Constance) Vecht (Fight - Full company - Dutch and Hungarian productions only) Einer für alle (Reprise) (All for one - German productions only) Prologue Act 2 (Streetsinger) Niet van Steen/Nicht Aus Stein (Not Made Of Stone - Cardinal) Twijfel/Kein Geteiltes Leid (Doubt/Unshared Sorrow - Anna) Knipoog van God/Gott lächelt uns zu (A Wink From God/God Smiles On Us - Constance) Geloof mij/Glaubt mir (Believe Me - Cardinal) Waar bleef die zomer?/Wo Ist Der Sommer? (Where Did That Summer Go? - Milady (Duet with Athos in later German productions) Vive Le Roi (Long Live The King - Company) References ^ Although not usually attributed to the book and lyrics, Paul Bogaev wrote the song Where Did That Summer Go? sung at the end of the musical Milady de Winter, according to the Dutch album inlay ^ Szinopszis | 3 Testőr ^ Abstract composed of plot descriptions in Dutch and German albums cast Downloaded from

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