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The Odyssey (PDF) In the Translation by Samuel Butler Edited and Illustrated by Rolf W. F. Gross Pacific Palisades 2011 For Cornelius and his children Ulysse Calliope and Anaïs The Samuel Butler translation of the Odyssey exists in various open-source versions. The present text used the Project Gutenberg edition. The illustrations were produced from Greek vases and plates by the author Text size: 217 pages, 18 illustrations Table of Contents Chapters Book I Zeus calls an assembly of the Gods, and there it is decided that Ulysses will be allowed to return home. Hermes is sent to tell Calypso, with whom Ulysses is staying to release him. Athene visits Telemachus in Ithaca and tells him that Ulysses is alive, and that Telemachus should call a town meeting and then travel to Pylos and Sparta. Book II The town people meet and Telemachus tells the suitors that they will be punished. He also announces his plan to search for Ulysses. Athene helps Telemachus organize a crew. Book III Telemachus meets King Nestor of Pylos. Nestor tells Telemachus to visit Menelaus at Sparta, and gives Telemachus supplies and the aid of his son, Peisistratus Book IV Telemachus meets King Menelaus of Sparta. Menelaus tells Telemachus that Ulysses is alive. The suitors plot to kill Telemachus. Book V Hermes finds Ulysses on Calypso's beach, weeping for his home. Hermes tells Calypso that Ulysses is to be freed. Ulysses builds a small raft and departs, but his boat is destroyed by a savage tempest caused by Poseidon. Ino lends Ulysses her veil for protection and warmth, and Ulysses swims to Phaeacia. He collapses on the beach. Book VI Nausicaa and her maidens discover Ulysses. She takes him to the palace of her father. Book VII Ullysses is made welcome at Alcinous house. After wining and dining, Demodocus sings a song about Troya and Ulysses. This causes Ulysses to weep, and he tells his story Book VIII In Ulysses' narrative, he raids the Ciconians but is defeated. Then he encounters the Lotus-Eaters who eat the Lotus flower. A few crew members eat the flower and lack the desire to return home. Then Ulysses encounters the Cyclops. Book IX Ulysses and his crew are trapped in the cave of Polyphemos, son of Poseidon. Polyphemos eats some of the crew, drinks the wine that Ulysses offers him, and falls asleep. Ulysses gouges his eye, and Polyphemos opens the cave while feeling for any men walking out. The crew hide under sheep and sneak past the fingers. Polyphemos feels for the crew; they hide under the sheep and avoid discovery. Polyphemos begs his father to punish Ulysses by preventing him from returning home Book X Ulysses meets Aeolus, keeper of the winds. Aeolus bags the adverse winds to speed Ulysses' journey. Ulysses' crew releases the winds while in sight of Ithaca and they are blown back. Then Ulysses' fleet encounter the Laestrygonians, cannibals who attack and destroy all the ships save Ulysses'. Ulysses meets Circe, who transforms the crew to swine. Ulysses outsmarts her with the help of Hermes, and Circe takes him as her lover while the men are restored. Ulysses remains with her for a year before continuing his journey. Book XI Circe sends Ulysses to find the dead seer Teiresias in Hades. Circe advises Ulysses to sacrifice a ram and let Tiresias drink the blood so he can speak. Tiresias tells Ulysses his future. Ulysses then speaks with many dead comrades, as well as his mother. He returns to Circe's island. Book XII Circe tells Ulysses where he must travel. Along the way he encounters the Sirens; he overcomes their song that lures sailors to their death by being strapped to the mast and stuffing beeswax in the ears of the crew. Next they encounter Charybdis and Scylla. Scylla eats six members, but the ship passes through. At the island of Hyperion, Ulysses' crew slaughter the sun-god's golden cattle. As punishment, Zeus destroys Ulysses' ship with a lightening bolt. All the crew, except Ulysses, die in the maw of Charybdis. After nine days of drifting Ulysses is saved by Calypso, who then holds him captive for many years. Book XIII Ulysses lands at the island of the Phaeacians. They give Ulysses a ship and gifts. Ulysses arrives at Ithaca and is disguised by Athene as beggar. He meets his swineherd. Book XIV Ulysses, dressed as a shipwrecked beggar reaches his own house. He finds the suitors in the great hall. He does not reveal his identity to Penelope or Laertes. Telemachus and Ulysses return to Ulysses' house. Book XV Athene tells Telemachus to speedily return to Ithaca and go to the swineherd's place. Loaded with presents he races home. Book XVI Telemachus arrives at the swineherd's hut. There Ulysses reveals himself to him. They plan their attack on the suitors. Book XVII Telemachus returns to his mother and the soothsayer Theoclymenus tells her that Ulysses is disguised but on the island. Ulysses sees Argus the hound, who dies once he sees his master. In the house, Antinous has a altercation with Telemachus and Ulysses and hits Ulysses with a footstool. Ulysses is summoned by Penelope that night. Book XVIII Irus, a beggar, arrives at Ulysses' house and bullies him. Antinous and the suitors arrange a boxing match between the two, and Ulysses breaks Irus' jaw. Ulysses encounters Eurymachus, who hits Ulysses with a stool. Book XIX Penelope and Ulysses talk, and Penelope tells Ulysses of her husband and the hardships the suitors have brought. Ulysses tells Penelope that he is a friend of her husband, and her husband is alive. Penelope tells Eurycleia to wash Ulysses. Eurycleia recognizes a scar on him, and realizes he is Ulysses. Penelope announces that she will choose a suitor who can string Ulysses' bow and shoot an arrow through twelve ax handles. Book XX Athene appears to Ulysses and tells him that she will help him against the suitors. Ulysses receives a sign of Zeus' favor. Ulysses weeds out the loyal servants from the disloyal. A suitor hits Ulysses with a bone, and Ulysses delivers a warning that the suitors will pay for their deeds, but is unheeded. Book XXI Penelope begins the contest to choose a suitor. Telemachus almost succeeds in stringing the bow but is halted by Ulysses. The suitors try and fail. Ulysses asks to try, and succeeds. He then fires the arrow through the handles of a lineup of axes. As the suitors stare in a trance, Telemachus and Ulysses ready their weapons. Book XXII Ulysses begins killing the suitors who try unsuccessfully to fight back. Eventually all the suitors are slaughtered. Eurycleia fetches the disloyal servants, who are forced to clean up the bodies and are then strung up by Ulysses from the rafters. Book XXIII Penelope comes and sees what has happened, but does not recognize Ulysses. Ulysses mentions secrets that only he would now, such as their bed being part of a tree. Book XXIV Hermes leads the souls of the suitors to Hades. Ulysses reunites with his father. The parents of the suitors, and others, attempt to kill Ulysses and his allies in a civil war. Ulysses and his allies kill many of the men. Athene calls for the war to stop, and Zeus sends thunder to enforce the message. Later, Athene disguises herself and brings peace to the island. Postscript Illustrations Cover: Dionysos sailing his boat Muse Calliope singing Assembly of the Gods: Zeus and Hermes Ulysses at Calypso's Island Nausicaa driving home Poseidon lecturing Athene Ulysses gauging Polyphemus' eye Polyphemos searching for the hidden men Ulysses hanging on to the ram Circe changing Ulysses' men into pigs Ulysses threatening Circe Ulysses meets Elpinor in Hades Teiresias telling Ulysses his future Ulysses listening to the Sirens Telemachus arriving at Eumaeus' hut Argos, recognizing Ulysses Ulysses kills the suitors Eurycea discovers Ulysses' scar Ulysses talks to Penelope Calliope singing BOOK I Zeus calls an assembly of the Gods, and there it is decided that Ulysses will be allowed to return home. Hermes is sent to tell Calypso, with whom Ulysses is staying to release him. Athene visits Telemachus in Ithaca and tells him that Ulysses is alive, and that Telemachus should call a town meeting and then travel to Pylos and Sparta. TELL me, O Muse Kalliope, of that wily hero who traveled far and wide after he had sacked the famous city of Troy. Many places did he visit, and many were the nations with whose manners and customs he was acquainted. He suffered much by the sea while trying to save his own life and bring his men safely home. But he could not save his men, for they perished through their own folly by eating the cattle of the Sun-god Helios. So, the god prevented them from ever reaching home. Tell me, too, about all these things, O daughter of Zeus, from what ever source you may know them. All who escaped death in the battle of Troy had got safely home except Ulysses, and he, though he was longing to return to his wife and country, was detained by the goddess Calypso, who had got him into a large cave and wanted to marry him. But as years went by, the gods decided that he should go back to Ithaca. Even then, however, when he reached his own country, his troubles were not yet over. Despite that all the gods had begun to pity him except Poseidon, who still persecuted him without mercy. While Ulysses was held captive by Calypso, Poseidon had gone off to the Ethiopians, who live at the world's end, to accept a hecatomb of sheep and oxen.
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