Development of User Cost Model for Movable Bridge Openings in Florida Bernard Buxton-Tetteh
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Florida State University Libraries Electronic Theses, Treatises and Dissertations The Graduate School 2004 Development of User Cost Model for Movable Bridge Openings in Florida Bernard Buxton-Tetteh Follow this and additional works at the FSU Digital Library. For more information, please contact [email protected] THE FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING DEVELOPMENT OF USER COST MODEL FOR MOVABLE BRIDGE OPENINGS IN FLORIDA By BERNARD BUXTON-TETTEH A Thesis submitted to the Department of Civil Engineering in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science Degree Awarded: Spring Semester, 2004 The members of the Committee approve the thesis of Bernard Buxton-Tetteh defended on March 26, 2004. _______________________________________ John O. Sobanjo Professor Directing Thesis _______________________________________ Renatus N. Mussa Committee Member ________________________________________ Lisa Spainhour Committee Member Approved: ___________________________________________________ Jerry Wekezer, Chair, Department of Civil Engineering The office of Graduate Studies has verified and approved the above-named committee members. ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Thanks to God who provided me with strength and wisdom and by whose grace I have come this far in my educational career. I would like to thank Dr. John O. Sobanjo for his advice, instruction, and support and for giving me the privilege to work him in the pursuance of my Master’s degree. I would also like to thank Dr. Renatus Mussa and Dr. Lisa K. Spainhour for serving on my committee and for their guidance in the preparation of this report. I would like to thank my mother, Madam Victoria for her prayers and my brother Michael who has been a source of inspiration throughout my educational career. I would also like to thank my wife, Jamila, for her confidence in me. My sincerest gratitude also goes to Mr. Israel Titi-Ofei of SOS, Ghana, whom I first met as my house master in Achimota High School and has since then been playing the role of a loving father. I would also like to thank the Florida Department of Transportation for their help in providing data and funding for the research. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Figures ............................................................................................................... vi List of Tables ................................................................................................................. viii Abstract…………………………………………………………………………………. ix 1. INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………………….…….1 1.1 Overview………..………………………………………………………………….1 1.2 Objectives of Study...…………………………………………............................ .2 1.3 Significance of Study………………………………………………………………3 1.4 Scope of Study and Organization of Report....…………………………………….3 2. LITERATURE REVIEW……………………………………………..………...……..4 2.1 Overview………………………..………………………………………………....4 2.2 Estimation of Delays to Boats and Vehicular Traffic Caused by Movable Bridge Openings: An Empirical Analysis............................................. .5 2.3 Johns Pass Bridge Replacement P.D&E Study..………….…………...….…….…7 2.4 Roadway Vehicle Delay Costs at Rail-Highway Grade Crossings. ………………9 2.5 User Cost………………………………………………………………………….11 2.6 Pontis……………………………………………………………………………...13 2.7 Movable Bridges ................................................................................................ 14 2.7.1 Vertical Lift Bridges ............................................................................... 14 2.7.2 Bascule Bridges ...................................................................................... 16 2.7.3 Swing Bridges......................................................................................... 18 3. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY.............................................................................. 19 3.1 Overview............................................................................................................ 19 3.2 Data Collection................................................................................................... 19 3.2.1 Preliminary Site Selection....................................................................... 20 3.2.2 Final Site Selection ................................................................................. 21 3.2.3 Intracoastal Waterway............................................................................. 30 3.2.4 Vessel Height Measuring Equipment ...................................................... 32 3.3 Vehicular and Vessel Characteristics Data ......................................................... 33 3.3.1 Bridge ID 860060 (N.E. 14th Street Causeway) ..................................... 34 3.3.2 Bridge ID 780074 (Bridge of Lions) ....................................................... 37 3.3.3 Bridge ID 930004 (Parker) ..................................................................... 38 3.3.4 Bridge IDs 150027 & 150076 (Johns Pass) ............................................ 41 3.3.5 Bridge ID 150050 (Pinellas Bay Way...................................................... 43 3.4 Formulation of Models ...................................................................................... 49 3.4.1 Vessel Service Flow Rate........................................................................ 49 3.4.2 Estimation of Total Roadway Blockage time........................................... 52 3.4.3 Directional Factor ................................................................................... 53 3.4.4 Projected Vessel Traffic.......................................................................... 54 3.4.5 Estimation of Vessel Delay ..................................................................... 55 3.4.6 Vehicular Delay ...................................................................................... 55 iv 3.4.7 Estimating Total Daily Vehicular Delay.................................................. 57 3.4.8 Projected Vehicular Traffic ..................................................................... 60 3.4.9 Sample Calculation of Vehicular and Vessel Delay................................. 62 3.5 User Cost Rate.................................................................................................... 63 4. DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULTS ...................................................................... 66 4.1 Overview............................................................................................................ 66 4.2 Individual Bridge User Delay Analysis .............................................................. 67 4.2.1 Bridge ID 860060 (N.E. 14th Street Causeway Bridge)........................... 67 4.2.2 Bridge ID 930004 (Parker Bridge) .......................................................... 68 4.2.3 Bridge IDs150027 & 150076 (Johns Pass Bridge)................................... 69 4.2.4 Bridge ID 150050 (Pinellas Bay Way Bridge)......................................... 70 4.3 Estimate of Network User Costs for Movable Bridge Replacement ..................... 80 4.3.1 Benefit of Strengthening ........................................................................ 80 4.3.2 Benefit of Raising (User Delay Costs)..................................................... 84 4.4 Bridge Replacement Analysis.............................................................................. 91 4.4.1 Prediction of Bridge Openings for Replacement Movable bridge ............ 91 4.4.2 Feasibility of Bridge Raising Options...................................................... 93 4.4.3 Bridge Replacement Evaluation Matrix...................................................99 5. DISCUSSIONS ........................................................................................................105 5.1 Implementation of User delay Cost model in Pontis ............................................105 5.2 Benefit of Replacement.......................................................................................108 6. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS .....................................................109 6.1 Conclusions.......................................................................................................109 6.2 Recommendations .............................................................................................110 APPENDIX A. Summary of Survey Results..................................................................112 APPENDIX B. Movable Bridge Replacement Analysis ................................................150 APPENDIX C. Vessel Volume Projections ...................................................................160 APPENDIX D. Data Analysis .......................................................................................166 APPENDIX E. User Cost Spreadsheet Models..............................................................177 APPENDIX F. Bridge Replacement Evaluation Matrixes..............................................192 REFERENCES……………………………………………………………………………197 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH……………………………………………………………...199 v LIST OF FIGURES Figure 3.1 Distribution of Florida Moveable Bridges by Type ...................................... ……….22 Figure 3.2 Distribution of Florida Movable Bridges by FDOT District ......................... ........... 23 Figure 3.3 Distribution of Florida Movable Bridges by Roadway Functional Class ...... ........... 24 Figure 3.4 Distribution of Movable Bridges by Type of Bridge Opening Regulations... ........... 26 Figure 3.5 Final Selected Study Sites for Movable Bridge Survey ...............................