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Ministry of Health of Ukraine Ukrainian Medical Stomatological Academy MINISTRY OF HEALTH OF UKRAINE UKRAINIAN MEDICAL STOMATOLOGICAL ACADEMY "Approved" at a meeting of the department of social medicine, public health organizations health economics with medical and labor expertise Head of Department Protocol No13 from 08.01.2020 Professor______________Golovanova I.A. Methodical recommendations for independent work of studets during preparation of practical (seminar) classes Educational discipline Social medicine, public health Module № 1 Topic Social medicine and public health as a science. Evidence-based medicine, its importance for health care practice Study level III Faculty Foreign Students Training Department 1. Relevance of the topic: The nature of the health care system in each country is determined by the position and development of public health as a scientific discipline. The specific content of any course on public health varies depending on national circumstances and needs, as well as the differentiation achieved by various medical sciences. 1 Methodological basis of public health as a science is to study and correct interpretation of the causes, connections and interdependence between health and social relations, ie, the correct solution of the problem of social and biological relationships in society. Discipline "social medicine" refers to the number of specialized in the preparation of social work on the basis of university education, general professional disciplines studied in the unit. 2. Specific objectives: To interpret theoretical bases, modern principles and legal health framework; Identify and analyze key indicators of public health in relationship with the factors that affect it; Develop measures to improve the health of the population and the individual his troops; Assess the organization, quality and efficiency of different types of therapeutic and preventive care for the urban and rural population in terms of health care reform. 3. Basic knowledge, abilities, skills, necessary for studying the topic (interdisciplinary integration): Names of disciplines These skills • History of Stages of development of medical knowledge medicine Conduct analysis of sociological research. • Sociology Identify basic concepts, methods and research tools • Medical biology that are used to determine the factors affecting the body • Biophysics and and health. biochemistry Identify and analyze the relationship between natural • Health phenomena. • Normal physiology Know Classification of Diseases ICD-10. • Pathology • Microbiology Knowing the structure of hospitals and health care volume which is therein • Internal medicine 4. Tasks for independent training to employment 2 4.1. A list of the main terms of parameters, characteristics which the student need to learn Terminology Definition Social medicine Science of public health, the social problems of medicine. It studies the laws of the influence of social factors on human health teams and determines the ways of its preservation and strengthening. Clinical medicine A system of scientific knowledge and practical activities aimed at strengthening and preservation of health, prolongation of human life, the prevention and treatment of human diseases. Health management A system of management of the state and public activities aimed at improving and preserving public Methods of social medicine A universal method is an integral part of 1. Statistical the methodology of social medicine - analysis of the mistakes of the past makes it possible to prevent their 2. History recurrence - methodology of the organization of the 3. Experimental experiment 4. Economic - analysis of economic indicators 5. Expert evaluation - analysis of the consistency of expert opinion 6. System analysis - methodology of a comprehensive study of the health system Health A state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity (who). Public (population) health The main feature, the basic property of the human community, its natural state, reflecting the individual adaptive reactions of each fellow member community of people and of the entire community under specific conditions more effectively carry out its social and biological function. Healthy lifestyle The image of a person's life, aimed at 3 disease prevention and health promotion. You can also say that a healthy lifestyle - this is the daily action designed to promote health. Standard of living It is the degree of satisfaction of the material, cultural and spiritual needs (mainly economic category) The quality of life Characterized comfort to satisfy human needs (this is primarily a sociological category). 4.2 Theoretical questions: 1. What is studying social medicine? 2. What is the obektov social medicine? 3. Methods of Social Medicine 4. What are the methods used in social medicine? 5. What role does the medicine in health? 6. What is health? 7. What indicators characterize health 8. What are the genetic determinants of health? 9. What is heredity and environment? What is their role in the pathogenesis of diseases? 10. What is the relationship with the environment? What are the natural and the social determinants of health. 11. What role does the medicine in health? 12. What is a healthy lifestyle? 13. How to create a healthy lifestyle? What are the main factors in its structure? 5. CONTENT OF THE TOPIC: The main tasks of social medicine is the study of patterns the impact of socio- economic conditions, factors and lifestyles on health, as well as its individual groups and the theoretical foundation of an effective system of state and public measures, ways and means to address the impact of harmful environmental factors, ensuring a high level of health for all members of society , increase in the period of their active creative longevity. Public health and health care as a medical science that studies the laws of formation of health of the population in order to develop health strategies and tactics, its definition and content. Functions of social medicine 1. Learning health status. 4 2. Develop measures to eliminate and prevent the harmful effects of the environment on human health. 3. Participates in the development of government measures aimed at promoting human health in order to improve public health. 4. In cooperation with psychologists, sociologists, educators exploring a wide range of medical, social, economic and legal issues, the real conditions of livelihood. 5. Analyzes the impact on human health of the specific measures that are developing themselves doctors and social workers. The object of study of social medicine - healthy people. Social Medicine examines the health status in the modern society. Health status is determined by the following factors: 1. The impact on the public, the aggregate and individual health of social institutions: government, politics, ideology, religion, morality, culture, ethnic traditions, the economy (market). 2. Impact on health (public, combined, individual) scientific, technical, environmental, natural and geographical factors. 3. The degree of dependence (direct or indirect), health (public, aggregate or individual) from the above-mentioned factors. 4. The degree of protection of health (public, aggregate or individual) from the above- mentioned factors. 5.Stepeni mobility and sustainability of basic social structures (institutions) society (the state) and their impact on changes in health status (public, aggregate, individual). 6.Vzaimosvyaz health (public, aggregate or individual) with health status in the community and with the doctor's position in society. 7. Is health a priority value in society (the state). 8. The relationship of demographic and reproductive health indicators of the company with the status (public, aggregate, individual). 9. The proportion of psychiatric patients, "genetic mutant", the degree of aging society. 10. The ratio of employed and unemployed able-bodied persons in the society by age. 11. The proportion of violent deaths in the community. 12. The ratio of birth and abortion in society. 13. The proportion of infertile young women in the same age with children. 14. The proportion of sudden deaths (from "acute cardiovascular insufficiency") for men and women. 15. The share of non-viable babies. 16. The share of vagrants in the society. 17. Statistics, demography, geography and characteristics of crime in society. Indicators that determine the health of the population: 1. Demographics (fertility, mortality) 2. Incidence 3. Disability 5 4. Indicators of physical development of the population Experts of the World Health Organization (WHO) in the 80-ies. XX century. We determined the approximate ratio of various health maintenance of modern human factors, highlighting as the main four groups of factors. Methods of Social Medicine: The statistical method is the main method of the social sciences is widely used in the field of public health. It allows you to establish and objectively evaluate the changes in health status and to determine the effectiveness of the authorities and healthcare institutions. Furthermore, it is widely used in medical research (hygiene, physiological, biochemical, clinical, and others.). The method of expert estimations is in addition to the statistical, whose main task is to define an indirect way of various correction factors. Public Health uses quantitative measurements using statistics and epidemiological methods. This allows predictions based on previously formulated laws, for example, it is possible to predict future fertility, population size, mortality, mortality
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