How Many Connecticut College Alumni Earn Graduate or Professional Degrees?

John D. Nugent Office of Institutional Research and Planning March 2019

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

We used National Student Clearinghouse (NSC) data to determine how many Connecticut College alumni earn graduate or professional degrees within about 10 years of graduating. NSC data showed 637 (47%) of the 1,367 graduates of the Classes of 2007, 2008, and 2009 earned a total of 711 graduate or professional degrees as of January 2019. In descending order of frequency, 67% of these were master’s degrees (n=477) 12% were law degrees (n=85), 9% were business degrees (n=62), 6% were doctorates (n=46), and another 6% were medical degrees (n=41). Because several dozen 2007‐2009 graduates were still enrolled in degree programs as of the Spring 2019 semester, and because NSC data include only U.S. colleges and universities, it is safe to conclude that about half of these alumni will ultimately have earned one or more post‐baccalaureate degrees.

Most 2007‐2009 graduates who went on to receive a medical, law or business degree waited at least two years after their graduation from Conn before enrolling in the program. The average elapsed time before beginning a degree program in medicine, law, or business was 26 months, 27 months, and 48 months, respectively. Using the federal government’s Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) categories, the ten most common academic fields in which these alumni earned graduate or professional degrees were Health Professions and Related Programs (n=110 degrees); Education (n=104); Legal Professions and Studies (n=86); Business Management, Marketing, and Related Support Services (n=81); Public Administration and Social Service Professions (n=63); Psychology (n=52); Social Sciences (n=37); Visual and Performing Arts (n=26); Biological and Biomedical Sciences (n=20); Architecture and Related Services (n=15); and Physical Sciences (n=15).

How Many Connecticut College Alumni Earn Graduate or Professional Degrees?

John D. Nugent Office of Institutional Research and Planning April 2019

Overview We are increasingly asked for evidence regarding the activities of Connecticut College alumni, both in terms of employment and graduate and professional degree completions. While we routinely research our graduates’ activities in the first year following their graduation, we rarely take a comprehensive look at graduate school attendance and degree completions in a time frame broad enough to capture all or most of their total post‐baccalaureate degree activity.

This report details the results of a “ten‐year‐out” study of the Class of 2008 to determine their post‐ Connecticut College enrollments and degree completions as of the end of the fall 2018 semester. To include a larger number of cases and increase our confidence in the results (in case, e.g., the class of 2008 was not typical for some reason), the Classes of 2007 and 2009 were also included, giving us nearly 1,400 cases to examine. It is thus technically a “nine‐to‐eleven‐year‐out study” of how many of our graduates earned graduate and professional degrees, what those degrees were, where they were completed, and what the undergraduate majors were of alumni who completed advanced degrees.

Methodology To determine how many members of the Classes of 2007‐2009 pursued post‐Connecticut College education (either degrees or non‐degree‐seeking coursework), we queried the National Student Clearinghouse (NSC), a nonprofit enrollment and degree verification service to which most U.S. colleges and universities submit enrollment and degree‐completion data. As a participating institution, Connecticut College can access the database for institutional research purposes, and NSC data can usually indicate whether a student has enrolled at an institution after graduating from Connecticut College. If so, we receive semester‐by‐semester details on that enrollment—the name of the institution, starting and end dates of the term, whether the enrollment was part‐time or full‐time, and in many cases, the name of the program and whether a degree was received. Because our graduates’ post‐baccalaureate careers are always “in progress” as students successively enroll in programs, move through them, and complete them (or not), any summary of the post‐ baccalaureate enrollments of a group of graduates is necessarily a snapshot in time of a phenomenon that is really a motion picture. The results of the same query would look different six months or six years from now. Moreover, the NSC collects data only from U.S. institutions, so enrollments in graduate programs abroad are not captured in the results shown below. On the whole, though, NSC data provide much more thorough results than, say, an alumni survey – which usually have very low response rates.

The names of the 1,367 graduates of the classes of 2007 (n=491), 2008 (n=440), and 2009 (n=436) were uploaded to the Clearinghouse in January 2019. This query looked for any enrollments at U.S. colleges and universities between each person’s graduation date and the end of the fall 2018 semester.

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General results One or more NSC records were found for 810 (59%) of the 1,367 graduates covered in this study. This means that, as a general estimate, nearly 60% of graduates from these three class years enrolled at some U.S. institution at some point after graduating, for at least one course. (Most of our students who get any post‐ Connecticut College education enroll in degree programs, but some do take individual courses, sometimes at community colleges or online institutions. Non‐degree‐program coursework indicates our graduates’ ongoing intellectual curiosity and commitment to life‐long learning and also sometimes precedes enrollment in a degree program.)

Each student’s “outcome” was coded using one or more of the following categories:  No National Student Clearinghouse record was found for the student  Student was enrolled at some point post‐Connecticut College, but no degree was earned  Student was enrolled as of Fall 2018 (i.e., is a current student)  Student earned a degree or credential o Student graduated but no information on degree type was in Clearinghouse records o Student earned a certificate (e.g., a sixth‐year certificate in educational leadership) o Student earned an associate’s degree (e.g., an associate’s in culinary arts) o Student earned a second bachelor’s degree (e.g., a BS in nursing) o Student earned a master’s degree (either terminal [MFA, MArch, etc.] or nonterminal [MA, MS, etc.]) o Student earned a professional (business or law) degree (MBA or JD/LLM) o Student earned a medical degree (MD, DO, DDM, DVM, etc.) o Student earned a doctorate (PhD, ThD, PsyD)

A student could have more than one outcome, if, for example, she earned a master’s degree followed by a PhD, if he earned a master’s degree and was enrolled in the fall 2018 semester, or if she completed a dual‐ degree program and earned, say, an MBA and a JD (which were tallied for this study as two separate earned degrees). Because of these sorts of possibilities, the number of outcomes shown in the table below is larger than the number of students in the three graduating classes for whom an NSC record was found. The 917 recorded outcomes of the 810 students for whom the NSC contained information were as follows:

OUTCOME # Earned a master's degree 477 Post‐Conn. enrollment but no evidence of degree earned 94 Earned a law degree 85 Enrolled as of Fall 2018 semester 66 Earned a business degree 62 Earned a doctorate 46 Earned a medical degree 41 Earned a certificate 20 Earned a second bachelor's degree 20 Earned an associate’s degree 4 Degree earned but no details found 2 TOTALS 917

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To focus attention on just the graduate and professional degrees these alumni earned, we excluded outcomes of “enrolled as of fall 2018” and “Post‐Conn. enrollment but no evidence of degree earned,” plus the handful of students who earned associate’s degrees or second bachelor’s degrees (most of these students appear to be pursuing careers in nursing or medicine and need coursework they didn’t take as undergraduates). This results in the following totals, shown in descending order of frequency:

OUTCOME # % Earned master's degree 477 67% Earned professional degree‐Law 85 12% Earned professional degree‐MBA 62 9% Earned doctorate 46 6% Earned medical degree 41 6% TOTALS 711 100%

These 711 earned degrees reflect the accomplishments of 639 of the 1,367 graduates of the Classes of 2007‐ 2009. Based on those numbers, we find that an unduplicated count of 47% of these alumni went on to earn at least one graduate or professional degree within roughly 10 years of graduating from Connecticut College. As noted above, these figures should be considered undercounts because they do not capture degrees earned from institutions outside the U.S., and because about 50 students without any earned post‐ Connecticut College degree so far were enrolled as of the fall 2018 semester – presumably on their way to earning a degree in most cases. As such, it is reasonable to conclude that about half of our students earn a graduate or professional degree within the decade following their graduation.

Full details of the degrees earned by these students are found in the appendix to this report. The summary table below shows the institutions at which our graduates most frequently earned the indicated degrees.

DOCTORATES (PhD, PsyD, ThD; n=46) BAYLOR UNIVERSITY 2 UNIVERSITY 2 UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 2 YALE UNIVERSITY 2 YESHIVA UNIVERSITY 2 +36 additional institutions with 1 graduate each (see appendix)

MEDICAL DEGREES (MD, DOM, DVM, DDM, etc.; n=41) 5 UNIVERSITY OF VERMONT & STATE AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE 3 DREXEL UNIVERSITY 2 EMORY UNIVERSITY 2 PHILADELPHIA COLLEGE OF OSTEOPATHIC MEDICINE 2 ROSS UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE 2 RUTGERS ‐THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NJ ‐NEW BRUNSWICK 2 UNIVERSITY OF 2 +21 additional institutions with 1 graduate each (see appendix)

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BUSINESS DEGREES – MBA (n=62) 4 4 DUKE UNIVERSITY 4 4 UNIVERSITY OF AT AMHERST 3 UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN 3 +34 additional institutions with 40 graduates in total (see appendix)

LAW DEGREES ‐ JD/LLM (n=85) BOSTON 6 BROOKLYN LAW SCHOOL 4 NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY 4 AMERICAN UNIVERSITY 3 GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY 3 3 RUTGERS ‐THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NJ ‐NEW BRUNSWICK 3 UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT 3 UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI 3 +38 additional institutions with 52 graduates in total (see appendix)

MASTER'S DEGREES (terminal and nonterminal; n=477) COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY/TEACHERS COLLEGE COLUMBIA UNIV. 39 NEW YORK UNIVERSITY 24 17 TUFTS UNIVERSITY 17 GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY 12 12 NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY 11 11 YALE UNIVERSITY 11 +161 additional institutions with 322 graduates in total (see appendix)

In what fields of study do Connecticut College alumni earn graduate and professional degrees? Graduates from the Classes of 2007‐2009 earned graduate degrees in a wide range of academic fields. National Student Clearinghouse records generally include the name of each degree and often the academic field in which it was earned. Full details appear in the appendix, but because of variations in how institutions name their degree programs and departments, we standardized the coding of the academic fields to get a true sense of, for example, how many graduates earned degrees in fields like education or psychology, which have dozens of subfields and degree programs. We recoded each degree field using the federal government’s Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) codes, which are the industry standard for reporting programs in a consistent way across institutions.1 The table below shows, in descending order of frequency, our graduates’ graduate and professional degrees by degree type and by academic field.

1 For an overview of the CIP categories, see https://nces.ed.gov/ipeds/cipcode/browse.aspx?y=55 4

We can quickly see the main patterns of degree completions: large numbers earned medical degrees or master’s degrees in health‐related fields, followed by an almost equal number of alumni getting master’s degrees in education‐related fields. Law degrees and business degrees (mostly MBAs but also some master’s degrees in fields like accounting) are next in terms of their frequencies, followed by a category that includes public administration and social work degrees. Psychology and social science graduate degrees come next, followed by degrees in the visual and performing arts (mostly MFAs). Biological sciences degrees were next in terms of frequency, and from there, diminishing numbers of degrees were earned in a variety of other academic fields.

Medical Business Law Master's Federal CIP code of degree program Doctorates TOTALS degrees degrees degrees degrees HEALTH PROFESSIONS AND RELATED PROGRAMS 1 41 68 110 EDUCATION 1 103 104 LEGAL PROFESSIONS AND STUDIES 85 1 86 BUSINESS, MANAGEMENT, MARKETING, AND 62 19 81 RELATED SUPPORT SERVICES

PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND SOCIAL SERVICE 1 62 63 PROFESSIONS PSYCHOLOGY 17 35 52 SOCIAL SCIENCES 2 35 37 VISUAL AND PERFORMING ARTS 26 26 BIOLOGICAL AND BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES 6 14 20 ARCHITECTURE AND RELATED SERVICES 15 15 PHYSICAL SCIENCES 7 8 15 NATURAL RESOURCES AND CONSERVATION 1 13 14 ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE/LETTERS 12 12

COMPUTER AND INFORMATION SCIENCES AND 1 9 10 SUPPORT SERVICES

COMMUNICATION, JOURNALISM, AND RELATED 1 8 9 PROGRAMS MULTI/INTERDISCIPLINARY STUDIES 1 6 7 AREA, ETHNIC, CULTURAL, GENDER, AND GROUP 6 6 STUDIES ENGINEERING 2 4 6 FOREIGN LANGUAGES, LITERATURES, AND 1 5 6 LINGUISTICS MATHEMATICS AND STATISTICS 1 5 6 HISTORY 1 4 5 LIBRARY SCIENCE 5 5 THEOLOGY AND RELIGIOUS VOCATIONS 1 3 4

ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGIES AND ENGINEERING‐ 3 3 RELATED FIELDS

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Medical Business Law Master's Federal CIP code of degree program Doctorates TOTALS degrees degrees degrees degrees PHILOSOPHY AND RELIGIOUS STUDIES 1 2 3 AGRICULTURE, AGRICULTURE OPERATIONS, AND 2 2 RELATED SCIENCES HOMELAND SECURITY, LAW ENFORCEMENT, 2 2 FIREFIGHTING AND RELATED PROTECTIVE SERVICES

FAMILY AND CONSUMER SCIENCES/HUMAN 1 1 SCIENCES PARKS, RECREATION, LEISURE, AND FITNESS 1 1 STUDIES TOTALS 46 41 62 85 477 711

How long do our graduates typically wait before starting a graduate or professional program? Because of requests from alumni to write letters of recommendation, faculty and staff members understand well that many of our students who go on to earn graduate or professional degrees do not enter those programs the semester immediately following their graduation from Connecticut College (i.e., in September, three months after earning a bachelor’s degree in May). There are many reasons for this, and we should be able to accurately advise our students on the typical lengths of time that elapse before our alumni pursue additional education. This information may be of interest to advisees, for example, who are planning when they will study for and take standardized exams like the GRE and LSAT, when they will apply for graduate programs, etc. More specific reasons include the fact that the Mellon Mays Undergraduate Fellowship program guidelines indicate that “Fellows must enroll in doctoral programs within 39 months of receiving their undergraduate degrees”2 and the fact that most business schools prefer or indeed require applicants to have work experience before entering an MBA program. International students may have visa requirements that prohibit them from remaining in the U.S. without being enrolled in a degree program. It may be reassuring to our students that they don’t need to determine or finalize their graduate‐school plans while they are still at Connecticut College; the data below indicate that these plans tend to unfold gradually for many of our alumni.

In general, there is a fair amount of variation in the timespans that elapsed before these alumni entered graduate programs. While most students begin these types of graduate programs in the fall, some begin them in spring or summer semesters. As such, we calculated the elapsed time before program entry in months. (Because the exact number of months until our graduates entered a program was determined manually, we did not do these calculations for the very large number of alumni who earned master’s degrees other than MBA’s; the data below include those who earned doctorates, medical degrees, law degrees, and business degrees.) For a student going directly on to graduate or professional school after graduating from Connecticut College, the elapsed time to program entry was recorded as 3 months. For someone who waited one year, the elapsed time was recorded as 15 months, and so forth.

The average amount of elapsed time before alumni earning doctorates, medical degrees, law degrees, and business degrees entered the programs was 32 months, or over two and a half years. The chart below shows the variation among the different types of degree programs, and the table following the chart shows the full

2 See https://www.ssrc.org/programs/view/mellon‐mays‐graduate‐initiatives‐program/ 6 frequency distributions. We see that less than one‐third of alumni who earn law degrees or doctorates enter those programs in the fall semester immediately following their graduation from Connecticut College (i.e., after 3 months). Only about one‐fifth of alumni who go on to earn medical degrees begin those programs immediately, and almost no alumni enter business school immediately, for reasons explained above.

Avg. months elapsed between Conn graduation and graduate/professional program entry 0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0

Doctoral programs 23.1

Medical school 26.0

Law school 26.6

Average for all 4 degree‐program types 31.5

Business school 48.1

INTERVALS BETWEEN EARNING CONNECTICUT COLLEGE B.A. AND BEGINNING GRADUATE PROGRAM ENDING IN THE SPECIFIED DEGREES:

ELAPSED TIME BEFORE DOCTORAL MEDICAL BUSINESS LAW TOTALS ENROLLING IN GRADUATE DEGREE DEGREE DEGREE DEGREE PROGRAM # % # % # % # % # % 3 months 14 30% 8 20% 3 5% 24 29% 49 21% 6 months 1 2% 1 0.4% 1 year 6 13% 7 17% 11 12% 23 10% 1.5 years 1 1% 1 0.4% 2 years 15 33% 11 27% 8 13% 20 24% 54 23% 2.5 years 2 5% 2 3% 1 1% 5 2% 3 years 6 13% 8 20% 15 24% 11 13% 40 17% 3.5 years 1 2% 1 0.4% 4 years 2 4% 1 2% 11 18% 10 12% 24 10% 4.5 years 1 2% 1 0.4% 5 years 3 7% 1 2% 10 16% 4 5% 18 8% 5.5 years 0 6 years 1 2% 10 16% 3 4% 14 6% 6+ years 1 2% 1 0.4% Could not be determined 1 2% 1 0.4% TOTALS 46 100% 41 100% 62 100% 85 100% 233 100%

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Variation among Connecticut College alumni subgroups who earn graduate degrees

Variation by gender The Connecticut College graduates covered in this study were not all equally likely to earn a graduate or professional degree. As noted above on p. 3, about 47% of all of the graduates in these three classes went on to earn a graduate or professional degree, but the figure was 54% for female alumni and 37% for male alumni. The figure below shows the respective percentages of each graduate and professional degree earned by female and male alumni, as compared with their overall numbers in these three classes. The proportion of law degrees earned by female and male alumni matched nearly exactly the proportion of those students in the three graduating classes, while females earned a higher proportion of master’s degrees and doctorates and a lower proportion of business and medical degrees, relative to their overall proportions in the three graduating classes.

Females Males 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Earned master's degrees (n=477) 75% 25%

Earned doctorates (n=46) 74% 26%

All 2007‐2009 grads in the study 61% 39% (n=1,367)

Earned law degrees (n=85) 60% 40%

Earned business degrees (n=62) 55% 45%

Earned medical degrees (n=41) 49% 51%

Variation by major The 1,367 individuals in the Classes of 2007‐2009 graduated with a total of 1,765 majors, and we can look for patterns in which majors’ graduates went on to earn graduate and professional degrees in largest numbers and at the highest rates. Parsing these results by students’ majors is complicated by the phenomenon of double and triple majoring. For students who had two or three majors at Connecticut College, there is no easy way to say which major(s) most prepared the student or led to their choice of graduate degrees, we simply offer the results here and note the complexity in some cases of drawing a straight line between a student’s undergraduate work and their graduate or professional degrees. (At a liberal arts institution, this complexity should presumably be expected and welcomed.)

The table below shows the Class of 2007‐2009 graduate and professional degree completions organized by students’ undergraduate majors. Overall, the majors whose graduates went on to earn the largest numbers of graduate and professional degrees were, unsurprisingly, the most common majors at the College in most cases. Moreover, many of the patterns in this table are ones that could probably be predicted. For example, the most common majors for recipients of MBA’s, law degrees, and medical degrees were Economics,

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Government, and Biological Sciences, respectively. Reading this table in conjunction with the one on pp. 5‐6, on the other hand, reveals some interesting patterns, such as the fact that English majors earn the second highest number of graduate and professional degrees (62), but not in the subfield of English, for the most part (since only 12 graduate degrees in English were earned). The same pattern holds for History majors as well. Together, these results appear to indicate that some of our students go on to earn graduate and professional degrees in fields closely related to their undergraduate majors, while others step onto a new disciplinary path.

It is also worth examining the flip side of the above question – which majors’ graduates attend graduate school at the lowest rates? This is of interest not because there is anything wrong with a major whose graduates don’t enroll in additional schooling after graduating from Connecticut College but for the opposite reason: That part of the “value proposition” of a liberal arts education is that it prepares students for a wide range of career options rather than just preparing students to acquire additional schooling that will train them for a career. As such, it is worth examining which majors’ graduates have acquired additional education at the lowest rates since graduating.

ALL CLASS OF 2007‐2009 GRADUATE AND PROFESSIONAL DEGREES, IN DESCENDING ORDER BY PERCENTAGE OF EACH MAJOR’S GRADUATES WHO EARNED ANY GRADUATE OR PROFESSIONAL DEGREE (shaded column)

# of those Total grads % of grads # of who who 2007‐ earned earned Total # of Doctorates 2009 grad/prof grad/prof Law degrees grad/prof Medical degrees Business degrees MAJOR grads degree degree Master's degrees degrees ACS‐Certified Chemistry/Biochem. 1 1 100% 1 1 Africana Studies 2 2 100% 2 2 Chinese Language & Literature 3 3 100% 1 2 3 Environmental Chemistry 2 2 100% 2 2 Hispanic Studies w/ Teacher Cert. 1 1 100% 1 1 Medieval Studies 2 2 100% 2 2 ACS‐Certified Chemistry 11 9 82% 6 1 2 9 Classics 8 6 75% 1 1 3 1 6 Latin American/Latino Studies 20 15 75% 1 2 1 11 15 Behavioral Neuroscience 25 17 68% 2 6 1 8 17 Japanese Language & Literature 3 2 67% 2 2 Biological Sciences 88 58 66% 3 23 32 58 Sociology 32 21 66% 1 2 1 17 21 Psychology 101 66 65% 16 2 2 3 43 66 Mathematics 41 26 63% 2 1 4 19 26

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# of those Total grads % of grads # of who who 2007‐ earned earned Total # of Doctorates 2009 grad/prof grad/prof Law degrees grad/prof Medical degrees Business degrees MAJOR grads degree degree Master's degrees degrees German Studies 18 11 61% 1 2 2 6 11 Astrophysics 5 3 60% 2 1 3 Religious Studies 36 20 56% 1 1 2 16 20 Hispanic Studies 29 16 55% 1 2 1 12 16 History 83 43 52% 1 4 10 28 43 International Relations 93 47 51% 1 9 13 24 47 Human Development 46 23 50% 1 22 23 Psych.‐based Human Relations 26 13 50% 1 3 9 13 Environmental Studies 57 28 49% 2 1 2 1 22 28 American Studies 39 19 49% 1 1 2 15 19 English 128 62 48% 5 1 7 49 62 Gender and Women's Studies 23 11 48% 1 1 9 11 Philosophy 42 20 48% 1 1 10 8 20 Government 135 63 47% 4 8 25 26 63 Sociology‐based Human Relations 30 14 47% 2 2 10 14 Biochem/Cell/Molecular 22 10 45% 1 4 1 4 10 Anthropology 41 18 44% 1 1 16 18 East Asian Studies 30 13 43% 1 3 3 6 13 Dance 28 12 43% 1 3 8 12 Slavic Studies 5 2 40% 2 2 Theater 34 13 38% 1 1 11 13 Physics 8 3 38% 1 2 3 Art History 46 17 37% 3 1 13 17 Economics 171 61 36% 1 1 24 9 26 61 Italian 17 6 35% 1 1 4 6 Music and Technology 12 4 33% 1 2 1 4 Architectural Studies 34 11 32% 2 9 11 Student‐Designed Interdisciplinary 34 11 32% 1 2 8 11 Music 16 5 31% 5 5 French 27 8 30% 1 2 5 8 Computer Science 18 5 28% 1 4 5 Urban Studies 4 1 25% 1 1 Film Studies 28 6 21% 6 6 Art 53 11 21% 11 11 Botany 7 1 14% 1 1 TOTALS 1,765 842 48% 61 44 85 106 542 842

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ALL CLASS OF 2007‐2009 GRADUATE AND PROFESSIONAL DEGREES, SHOWN IN DESCENDING ORDER BY TOTAL NUMBER OF DEGREES EARNED BY GRADUATES WITH THE INDICATED MAJOR (shaded column)

# of those % of Total # grads grads of Total # of who who MAJOR 2007‐ grad/prof earned earned 2009 degrees

grad/prof grad/prof Doctorates grads Law degrees Medical degrees Business degrees degree degree Master's degrees Psychology 101 66 65% 16 2 2 3 43 66 Government 135 63 47% 4 8 25 26 63 English 128 62 48% 5 1 7 49 62 Economics 171 61 36% 1 1 24 9 26 61 Biological Sciences 88 58 66% 3 23 32 58 International Relations 93 47 51% 1 9 13 24 47 History 83 43 52% 1 4 10 28 43 Environmental Studies 57 28 49% 2 1 2 1 22 28 Mathematics 41 26 63% 2 1 4 19 26 Human Development 46 23 50% 1 22 23 Sociology 32 21 66% 1 2 1 17 21 Religious Studies 36 20 56% 1 1 2 16 20 Philosophy 42 20 48% 1 1 10 8 20 American Studies 39 19 49% 1 1 2 15 19 Anthropology 41 18 44% 1 1 16 18 Behavioral Neuroscience 25 17 68% 2 6 1 8 17 Art History 46 17 37% 3 1 13 17 Hispanic Studies 29 16 55% 1 2 1 12 16 Latin American/Latino Studies 20 15 75% 1 2 1 11 15 Sociology‐based Human Relations 30 14 47% 2 2 10 14 Psych.‐based Human Relations 26 13 50% 1 3 9 13 East Asian Studies 30 13 43% 1 3 3 6 13 Theater 34 13 38% 1 1 11 13 Dance 28 12 43% 1 3 8 12 German Studies 18 11 61% 1 2 2 6 11 Gender and Women's Studies 23 11 48% 1 1 9 11 Architectural Studies 34 11 32% 2 9 11 Student‐Designed Interdisciplinary 34 11 32% 1 2 8 11 Art 53 11 21% 11 11 Biochem/Cell/Molecular 22 10 45% 1 4 1 4 10 ACS‐Certified Chemistry 11 9 82% 6 1 2 9 French 27 8 30% 1 2 5 8 Classics 8 6 75% 1 1 3 1 6

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# of those % of Total # grads grads of Total # of who who MAJOR 2007‐ grad/prof earned earned 2009 degrees

grad/prof grad/prof Doctorates grads Law degrees Medical degrees Business degrees degree degree Master's degrees Italian 17 6 35% 1 1 4 6 Film Studies 28 6 21% 6 6 Music 16 5 31% 5 5 Computer Science 18 5 28% 1 4 5 Music and Technology 12 4 33% 1 2 1 4 Chinese Language & Literature 3 3 100% 1 2 3 Astrophysics 5 3 60% 2 1 3 Physics 8 3 38% 1 2 3 Africana Studies 2 2 100% 2 2 Environmental Chemistry 2 2 100% 2 2 Medieval Studies 2 2 100% 2 2 Japanese Language & Literature 3 2 67% 2 2 Slavic Studies 5 2 40% 2 2 ACS‐Certified Chemistry/Biochem. 1 1 100% 1 1 Hispanic Studies w/ Teacher Cert. 1 1 100% 1 1 Urban Studies 4 1 25% 1 1 Botany 7 1 14% 1 1 TOTALS 1,765 842 48% 61 44 85 106 542 842

Note: Some of the majors shown in the table above have since been discontinued or combined.

How do our students’ outcomes compare with those from other institutions? Many readers will want to know how these results compare to those of other institutions. It is difficult to get precisely comparable data, since this would require other schools to have undertaken a study like this based on Clearinghouse data as opposed to an alumni survey or some other method. Alumni surveys are frequently done by other institutions like us, but as noted at the beginning of this report, they yield self‐ reported information only and typically have low response rates. A Clearinghouse‐based study is comprehensive and does not rely on contacting alumni and convincing them to report on their post‐ Connecticut College activities.

With these challenges in mind, we sought comparative data from two sources – a query posted to a listserv of liberal arts institutional researchers (the Higher Education Data Sharing consortium) and web searches of schools we regularly include in comparison or peer groups. We heard from counterparts at nine institutions, about half of whom were able to provide or estimate “apples to apples” figures—a 10‐year‐out rate of graduate or professional degree completions or enrollments. The figures ranged from about 30% to 60%, so our findings appear to be well within a typical range. For more points of comparison, web searches yielded information from 10 additional schools’ websites. The data mostly report "one‐year‐out" results, so they're harder to compare to our own figures. Our one‐year‐out figure on graduate school enrollment is about 12%

12 to 14% and many other institutions had similar figures. Carleton and Williams were on the high ends, with statements on their websites that 75% of their graduates ultimately earn graduate degrees. Summaries of both of these lines of inquiry appear below.

SUMMARY INFORMATION FROM HEDS CONSORTIUM LISTSERV QUERY

Institution names have been removed because the information was shared with us without an expectation that it would be made public.

INSTITUTION RESULTS College A 51% obtained degree 10 years after graduation College B About 31% of [our] graduates ([main campus] only, usually 'traditional' 18‐24 year old students) have earned some sort of graduate or professional degree within 10 years of graduating College C 60% enrolled in grad program within 6 years College D 43% in graduate school one year following graduation College E Currently 44% continue education within 5 years (and that counts any Clearinghouse enrollment) ‐ 22% earn a post‐baccalaureate degree within 5 years College F 38% of respondents from the Classes of 2012 and 2013 had completed at least one graduate/professional degree, with another 15% currently enrolled in a program as their "primary activity." So, on track to be just above "about half" by 10 years out. College G Among our 2005‐09 graduates about 55% had earned an additional degree after leaving College H For those out 10 or so years – i.e. the graduates of 2007, 2008, 2009 – approximately 37% of the graduates have received advanced degrees. College I According to NSC records, of 5,212 bachelor's graduates in the interval 2000 ‐ 2012, 38% ‐ 1,999 people ‐ completed a Master's or doctoral degree.

OUTCOMES DATA FOUND ON OTHER INSTITUTIONS' PUBLIC WEBSITES

INSTITUTION RESULTS Bates College 10% to 12% in graduate program six months following graduation Bowdoin College 15% in a graduate program one year following graduation Carleton College Approximately 75% of all alumni go on to graduate school within 5 years of graduation and 20–25% of alumni go directly to graduate school in the fall after graduation Dickinson College About 40% enrolled in graduate school within one year following graduation

Gettysburg College 19% of the Gettysburg 2017 graduating class were attending graduate school within a year after graduation.

Hamilton College 10.5% of Class of 2017 was enrolled in graduate program one year following graduation.

Middlebury College "About 15 percent choose to go directly to graduate or professional school, including law, medical, and a wide variety of professional and academic MA or PhD programs. "

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Skidmore College On average, 15% ‐ 21% of Skidmore graduates elect to continue their education [immediately] after graduation. Within 5 years, this number increases to 45% ‐ 55%. Union College 24% of Class of 2017 was enrolled in graduate program one year following graduation Williams College "Approximately 75% pursue a further degree within 5 years of leaving Williams"

Conclusions Different readers will have different responses to and interpretations of what these data say about our students, our academic programs, the nature of a liberal arts degree, etc. Rather than attempting to anticipate the range of interpretations of the data presented above, it is hoped that this report will prompt discussions among faculty and staff about our students’ pursuit of graduate and professional degrees. Is this information surprising or about what was expected? Do these rates of graduate degree completions seem high, low, or about right? Why? Are faculty and staff doing the right things to inform students about graduate and professional programs and to prepare them for getting into programs of their choice?

# # #

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APPENDIX: Full listing of Class of 2007‐2009 graduate degree completions as of December 2018, by institution and academic field

EARNED DOCTORATES 46 PhD 40 Astronomy and astrophysics 1 PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY 1 Biomedical science 1 SUNY UNIVERSITY AT ALBANY 1 Chemical biology 1 JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY 1 Chemistry 5 BOSTON COLLEGE 1 UNIVERSITY OF NEW HAMPSHIRE‐ DURHAM 1 UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER 1 WESLEYAN UNIVERSITY 1 YALE UNIVERSITY 1 Civil and environmental engineering 1 MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY 1 Classics 1 CUNY GRADUATE SCHOOL AND UNIVERSITY CENTER 1 Clinical health psychology 1 YESHIVA UNIVERSITY 1 Clinical psychology 2 BAYLOR UNIVERSITY 1 NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY 1 Communication 1 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA‐SANTA BARBARA 1 Computer science 1 GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY 1 Curriculum and instruction 1 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS @ URBANA 1 Economics 1 AMERICAN UNIVERSITY 1 Educational psychology 1 UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN 1 Electrical engineering 1 BOSTON UNIVERSITY 1 Environmental studies 1 UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO BOULDER 1 Ethical and creative leadership 1

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UNION INSTITUTE AND UNIVERSITY 1 Health Services Research 1 DARTMOUTH COLLEGE 1 History 1 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA ‐ BERKELEY 1 Mathematics 1 UNIVERSITY OF IOWA 1 Molecular, cellular and developmental biology 1 YALE UNIVERSITY 1 Neuroscience 2 MEDICAL UNIV OF SOUTH CAROLINA 1 UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 1 Ocean, earth and atmospheric science 1 OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY 1 Philosophy 1 UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT 1 Political science 1 THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY 1 Psychology 8 CLARK UNIVERSITY 1 EMORY UNIVERSITY 1 NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY 1 THE CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF AMERICA 1 UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 1 UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 1 UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA‐CHAPEL HILL 1 WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSITY 1 Social work 1 BOSTON UNIVERSITY 1 Stem cell biology 1 GERSTNER SLOAN KETTERING GRADUATE SCHOOL 1 Psy.D (Clinical psychology) 5 BAYLOR UNIVERSITY 1 WIDENER UNIVERSITY 1 XAVIER UNIVERSITY 1 YESHIVA UNIVERSITY 1 THE CHICAGO SCHOOL OF PROFESSIONAL PSYCHOLOGY 1 ThD (Theology) 1 HARVARD DIVINITY SCHOOL 1

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EARNED MEDICAL DEGREES 41 DDM (Dental medicine) 3 BOSTON UNIVERSITY 1 TUFTS UNIVERSITY 1 RUTGERS ‐THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NJ ‐NEW BRUNSWICK 1 DNM (Naturopathic medicine) 1 BASTYR UNIVERSITY 1 DOM (Osteopathic medicine) 6 PHILADELPHIA COLLEGE OF OSTEOPATHIC MEDICINE 2 UNIVERSITY OF NEW ENGLAND 2 MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY 1 WESTERN UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES 1 DPT (Physical therapy) 2 DREXEL UNIVERSITY 1 TEXAS WOMAN'S UNIVERSITY 1 DVM (Veterinary medicine) 6 TUFTS UNIVERSITY CUMMINGS SCHOOL OF VET MED 3 COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY 1 IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY 1 THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY 1 MD (Medicine) 22 DREXEL UNIVERSITY 1 EMORY UNIVERSITY 2 NEW YORK UNIVERSITY 1 ROSS UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE 2 RUSH UNIVERSITY 1 RUTGERS ‐THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NJ ‐NEW BRUNSWICK 1 TEMPLE UNIVERSITY 1 TUFTS UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE 1 TULANE UNIVERSITY 1 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA ‐ IRVINE 1 UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER 1 UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND ‐ BALTIMORE 1 UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH 1 UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH ALABAMA 1 UNIVERSITY OF VERMONT & STATE AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE 3 WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY 1 WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY 1 ST GEORGE'S UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE 1 OD (Optometry) 1

17

SUNY COLLEGE OF OPTOMETRY 1

Gray‐shaded degree subfields in the table below reflect information in National Student Clearinghouse records and do not necessarily indicate meaningful distinctions in program types. EARNED BUSINESS DEGREES 62 MBA 60 Business administration 31 BOSTON COLLEGE 1 CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY 1 CHAMPLAIN COLLEGE 1 CLEVELAND STATE UNIVERSITY 1 CORNELL UNIVERSITY 2 DUKE UNIVERSITY 1 EMORY UNIVERSITY 1 FORDHAM UNIVERSITY 2 GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY 1 GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY 1 JACKSONVILLE UNIVERSITY 1 NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY 2 NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY 1 PEPPERDINE UNIVERSITY 1 SUFFOLK UNIVERSITY BOSTON 1 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO 1 UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO BOULDER 1 UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT 1 UNIVERSITY OF HARTFORD 1 UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 1 UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA‐TWIN CITIES UNDERGRADUATE 1 UNIVERSITY OF NEW HAMPSHIRE‐ DURHAM 1 UNIVERSITY OF SAN FRANCISCO 1 UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN 3 UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA 1 YALE UNIVERSITY 1 Business administration and management 3 BOSTON UNIVERSITY 2 UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS AT AMHERST 1 Business and management 1 UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND ‐ COLLEGE PARK 1 Econometrics and statistics 1 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO 1 Finance 2 FAIRFIELD UNIVERSITY 1

18

VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY 1 Global executive MBA 3 DUKE UNIVERSITY 3 Industrial administration 1 CARNEGIE MELLON UNIVERSITY 1 International business 1 BRANDEIS UNIVERSITY 1 Management 7 BOSTON COLLEGE 3 MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY 2 NEW YORK UNIVERSITY 1 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA‐LOS ANGELES 1 Marketing 1 CUNY BERNARD M. BARUCH COLLEGE 1 MBA 1 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 1 Nonprofit management 3 BRANDEIS UNIVERSITY 3 Professional accounting 1 RUTGERS ‐THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NJ ‐NEW BRUNSWICK 1 (blank) 4 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 1 RUTGERS ‐ THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NJ ‐ NEWARK 1 UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS AT AMHERST 2 MS/MBA 2 Professional accounting 2 NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY 2

19

EARNED LAW DEGREES 85 JD 82 Law 82 ALBANY LAW SCHOOL 2 AMERICAN UNIVERSITY 3 ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY 1 BOSTON COLLEGE 1 BOSTON UNIVERSITY 2 BROOKLYN LAW SCHOOL 4 CLEVELAND STATE UNIVERSITY 1 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 1 DREXEL UNIVERSITY 1 EMORY UNIVERSITY 1 FLORIDA COASTAL SCHOOL OF LAW 2 FORDHAM UNIVERSITY 1 GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY 3 GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY 1 HOFSTRA UNIVERSITY 2 HOWARD UNIVERSITY 1 ILLINOIS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY 1 LOYOLA UNIVERSITY CHICAGO 1 MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF LAW 2 NEW ENGLAND LAW BOSTON 3 NEW YORK LAW SCHOOL 1 NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY 4 NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY 1 QUINNIPIAC UNIVERSITY 2 ROGER WILLIAMS UNIVERSITY 2 RUTGERS ‐THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NJ ‐NEW BRUNSWICK 3 SAINT LOUIS UNIVERSITY 2 SETON HALL UNIVERSITY 2 SUFFOLK UNIVERSITY BOSTON 6 SUNY UNIVERSITY AT BUFFALO 1 THE CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF AMERICA 1 TULANE UNIVERSITY 1 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA ‐ BERKELEY 1 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA ‐ HASTINGS COLLEGE OF LAW 1 UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO BOULDER 2 UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT 3 UNIVERSITY OF IOWA 1 UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI 2 UNIVERSITY OF SAN DIEGO 1 20

UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MAINE 2 UNIVERSITY OF UTAH 1 UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA 1 VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY 1 1 VILLANOVA UNIVERSITY 2 YALE UNIVERSITY 1 YESHIVA UNIVERSITY 2 JD/LLM 1 Law‐Taxation 1 UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI 1 LLM 1 Tax law 1 GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY 1

21

The master’s degree‐completion information is more complicated than that for other degrees due to variations in the degree names at various institutions and the differences in degrees within particular academic fields. For example, alumni who earned master’s degrees in education‐related fields were awarded MA degrees, MAT degrees, MS degrees, and M.Ed degrees. We are less interested in the precise degree name than in the fact that these are all education‐related degrees. As such, the tables below are formatted using a different color scheme than the preceding ones. The 23 academic subfields into which these degrees are categorized (see table directly below) are our own categories and in certain cases reflect judgment calls about how exactly to categorize a degree program.

EARNED MASTER'S DEGREES ‐ SUMMARY BY FIELD 476 Education 100 Health care, public health, and related fields 67 Political science/public administration/public policy 55 Psychology/counseling 45 Social work/social services 37 Visual, creative, and performing arts 31 Environment/ecology 23 Business, management, and economics 19 Physical sciences and engineering 13 Architecture and landscape architecture 11 Area studies and languages 9 Biological/life sciences 9 Computer science/information technology 9 Art history/museum studies 8 Journalism and communications 7 Social sciences and history 7 Philosophy/religion/theology 6 English 5 Library and information science 5 Mathematics and statistics 5 Law/criminal justice 2 No degree information found 2 Culinary arts/food 1

In the table below, the light blue categories are ones that were developed by our office to organize the data. Degree names and degree fields (e.g., “MLArch / Landscape architecture”) reflect how the degree was characterized in National Student Clearinghouse records.

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EARNED MASTER'S DEGREES ‐ DETAILED LISTING 477 Architecture and landscape architecture 11 BOSTON ARCHITECTURAL COLLEGE 2 M.Arch / 1 MLArch. / Landscape architecture 1 CALIFORNIA COLLEGE OF THE ARTS 1 M.Arch / Architecture 1 HARVARD UNIVERSITY 1 MLArch. / Landscape architecture 1 RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE 1 M.Arch / Architecture 1 SYRACUSE UNIVERSITY 1 M.Arch / Architecture 1 TEMPLE UNIVERSITY 1 MLArch. / Landscape architecture 1 UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA 1 M.Arch / Architecture 1 UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN 1 M.Arch / Architecture 1 WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY 2 M.Arch / Architecture 1 Master of Construction Management / Architecture 1 Area studies and languages 9 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2 MA / Russian and Slavic Cultures 1 MA / South Asian studies 1 CUNY GRADUATE SCHOOL AND UNIVERSITY CENTER 1 MA / Classics 1 GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY 1 MA / Latin American studies 1 JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY 1 MA / Asian and Southeast Asian studies 1 MIDDLEBURY COLLEGE 1 MA / Chinese 1 NEW YORK UNIVERSITY 1 MA / Africana Studies 1 TUFTS UNIVERSITY 1 MA / German language and literature 1 UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS AT AMHERST 1 MA / German and Scandinavian studies 1 Art history/museum studies 8 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 1 MA / Museum anthropology 1

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CUNY GRADUATE SCHOOL AND UNIVERSITY CENTER 1 M.Phil / Art history 1 GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY 1 MA / Museum studies 1 GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY 1 MA / Museum studies 1 NEW YORK UNIVERSITY 1 MA / History of art and archaeology 1 PRATT INSTITUTE 1 MS / Historic preservation 1 SCHOOL OF THE ART INSTITUTE OF CHICAGO 1 MA / Art history and arts administration 1 TUFTS UNIVERSITY 1 MA / Art history and museum studies 1 Biological/life sciences 9 BRANDEIS UNIVERSITY 1 MS / Neuroscience 1 JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY 1 MS / Chemical biology 1 NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY 1 MS / Marine biology 1 TUFTS UNIVERSITY 1 MS / Biology 1 UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND ‐ BALTIMORE 1 MS / Human genetics 1 UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 2 MS / Biostatistics 1 MS / Neuroscience 1 UNIVERSITY OF NORTH DAKOTA 1 MS / Biology 1 YALE UNIVERSITY 1 MS / Molecular, cellular and developmental biology 1 Business, management, and economics 19 AMERICAN UNIVERSITY 1 MA / Economics 1 CITY UNIVERSITY LONDON 1 MS / Shipping, trade and finance 1 CORNELL UNIVERSITY 1 MMH / Hospitality management 1 CUNY GRADUATE SCHOOL AND UNIVERSITY CENTER 1 MS / Business management 1 GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY 3 MA / Accounting 1 MA / Organizational sciences 2 24

MANHATTANVILLE COLLEGE 1 MS / Organizational management and human resources 1 MARQUETTE UNIVERSITY 1 MS / Applied economics 1 NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY 4 MA / Economics 1 MS / Nonprofit management 1 MS / Professional accounting 1 MS / Project management 1 SALVE REGINA UNIVERSITY 1 MS / Management 1 SAYBROOK UNIVERSITY 1 MA / Organizational systems 1 TUFTS UNIVERSITY 2 MALD / Economic development 1 MIB / International business 2 UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI 1 MA / Accounting 1 Computer science/Information technology 9 BRANDEIS UNIVERSITY 1 MA / Computer science 1 CENTRAL CONNECTICUT STATE UNIVERSITY 1 MS / Computer information technology 1 COLLEGE OF WILLIAM & MARY 1 MS / Computer science 1 GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY 1 MS / Computer science 1 LEHIGH UNIVERSITY 1 MS / Computer science 1 MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY 1 MS / Computation for design and optimization 1 ROCHESTER INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY 1 MS / Information technology 1 UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO BOULDER 1 MS / Computer science 1 WORCESTER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE 1 MS / Information technology 1 Culinary arts/food 1 CORNELL UNIVERSITY 1 MPS / Food science and technology 1 Education 100 AMERICAN UNIVERSITY 1 M.Ed / Curriculum and instruction 1 BANK STREET COLLEGE OF EDUCATION 8 25

M.Ed / 1 M.Ed / Early childhood education 1 MA / Childhood special education 1 MA / Elementary education 1 MS / Childhood special and general education 1 MS / Early childhood education and teaching 1 MS / Early Childhood Special and General Education 1 MS / Special education 1 BOSTON COLLEGE 2 M.Ed / Curriculum and instruction 2 BOSTON UNIVERSITY 5 M.Ed / Educational leadership and policy studies 1 M.Ed / Mathematics education 1 M.Ed / Reading education 1 M.Ed / Special education 2 CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY ‐ EAST BAY 1 M.Ed / Education 1 1 M.Ed / Elementary teacher 1 CASTLETON UNIVERSITY 1 MA / Education 1 COLORADO COLLEGE 1 MAT / Secondary science 1 CUNY BROOKLYN COLLEGE 2 MA / Social studies teacher 1 MSEd / 1 CUNY HUNTER COLLEGE 4 MS / Education 2 MS / Special education 1 MSEd / Special education 1 CUNY LEHMAN COLLEGE 2 MS / Early childhood education 1 MS / English education 7‐12 grade 1 DEPAUL UNIVERSITY 1 M.Ed / Educational leadership 1 FAIRFIELD UNIVERSITY 1 MA / Educational technology 1 FITCHBURG STATE UNIVERSITY 1 M.Ed / Elementary education 1 FORDHAM UNIVERSITY 1 MS / Teaching ‐ Childhood education 1 GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY 1 MAT / Museum education 1 HARVARD UNIVERSITY 6 26

Ed.M / Arts in education 1 Ed.M / Education 1 Ed.M / Education policy and management 1 Ed.M / Higher education 1 Ed.M / Language and literacy 1 M.Ed / Higher education 1 6 M.Ed / Early childhood education 2 M.Ed / Elementary education 1 M.Ed / Middle school education 1 M.Ed / Middle school English 1 M.Ed / Reading 1 LONG ISLAND UNIVERSITY 1 M.Ed / Teaching English to speakers of other languages 1 LOYOLA UNIVERSITY MARYLAND 1 M.Ed / Montessori education 1 MANHATTANVILLE COLLEGE 2 MAT / Childhood education 2 MERCY COLLEGE 1 MS / Adolescent education 1 MONTCLAIR STATE UNIVERSITY 1 MA / Educational leadership 1 NATIONAL LOUIS UNIVERSITY 2 MAT / Secondary education 2 NEW YORK UNIVERSITY 3 MA / Educational theater and English 1 MA / International education 1 MAT / Art education 1 NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY 1 MS / Secondary teaching 1 PACE UNIVERSITY 3 MS / Childhood education 2 MST / Adolescent education 1 PORTLAND STATE UNIVERSITY 1 MS / Education: Special education 1 SAN DIEGO STATE UNIVERSITY 1 MA / Teaching 1 SCHOOL OF THE ART INSTITUTE OF CHICAGO 1 MA / Art education 1 SIMMONS UNIVERSITY 4 MS / Education ‐ Special needs 1 MS / Special education 1 MS / Special needs 1 MS / Teaching‐special needs 1 27

SIT GRADUATE INSTITUTE 1 MA / International education 1 SMITH COLLEGE 2 MAT / Education and child study 1 MAT / Teaching 1 SOUTHERN CONNECTICUT STATE UNIVERSITY 2 MS / Bilingual/Multicultural education 1 MS / Education 1 SUNY EMPIRE STATE COLLEGE 1 MAT / Teaching 1 SUNY STONY BROOK UNIVERSITY 1 MAT / Adolescent education: math 1 TEACHERS COLLEGE COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 5 MA / Education‐Biology grades 7‐12 1 MA / Gifted education 1 MA / Teaching ‐ social studies 1 MA / Teaching of English 2 TOURO COLLEGE 1 MS / Early childhood education 1 UNION COUNTY COLLEGE 1 MS / Teaching English as a second language 1 UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT 1 MA / Special education 1 UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII AT MANOA 1 M.Ed / Teaching 1 UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS AT AMHERST 1 MA / Education 1 UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS BOSTON 1 M.Ed / Education 1 UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA LAS VEGAS 1 M.Ed / Curriculum and instruction 1 UNIVERSITY OF NEW HAMPSHIRE‐ DURHAM 2 M.Ed / Elementary education 1 M.Ed / Secondary education 1 UNIVERSITY OF NEW HAVEN 2 MS / Education 2 UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA 3 MS / Education‐Educational entrepreneurship 1 MS / Elementary education 1 MSEd / School leadership 1 UNIVERSITY OF SAINT JOSEPH 3 MA / Education 2 MA / Special education 1 UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA 1 28

MAT / Teaching English to speakers of other languages 1 VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY 1 M.Ed / Special education 1 VILLANOVA UNIVERSITY 1 MA / Education 1 WESTERN NEW ENGLAND UNIVERSITY 1 MA / English for teachers 1 English 5 BOSTON COLLEGE 1 MA / English 1 MIDDLEBURY COLLEGE 1 MA / English 1 NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY 2 MA / English 2 STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK NEW PALTZ 1 MA / English 1 Environment/ecology 23 BARD COLLEGE 1 MS / Climate science and policy 1 BRANDEIS UNIVERSITY 2 MA / Sustainable international development 2 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 1 MS / Sustainability management 1 HARVARD UNIVERSITY ‐ CONTINUING ED 1 MA / Sustainability and Environmental Management 1 HUMBOLDT STATE UNIVERSITY 1 MS / Environmental systems 1 LEHIGH UNIVERSITY 1 MA / Environmental policy design 1 LESLEY UNIVERSITY 1 MS / Ecology 1 MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY ‐ BOZEMAN 2 MS / Ecology and environmental statistics 1 MS / Environmental engineering 1 OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY 1 MS / Water resources policy and management 1 SUNY COLLEGE OF ENVIRONMENTAL 1 MS / Environmental and forest biology 1 UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA 1 MS / Natural resources 1 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA‐DAVIS 2 MS / Ecology 1 MS / International agricultural development 1 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA‐SANTA BARBARA 1 29

MES / Environmental Science and Management 1 UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO BOULDER 1 MS / Environmental studies 1 UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS AT AMHERST 1 MS / Wildlife and fisheries conservation 1 UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI 1 MS / Marine affairs and policy 1 UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA 1 MS / Geographic information science and technology 1 UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN ‐ STEVENS POINT 1 MS / Natural resources 1 YALE UNIVERSITY 2 MEM / Masters of Environmental Management 1 MF / Forestry 1 Health care, public health, and related fields 67 BOSTON COLLEGE 2 MS / Nursing 2 BOSTON UNIVERSITY 5 MA / Medical science 1 MPH / Maternal and child health 3 MPH / Public health 1 BROWN UNIVERSITY 1 MPH / Public health 1 CHATHAM UNIVERSITY 1 MPAS / Physician's assistant 1 CLAREMONT GRADUATE UNIVERSITY 1 MPH / Public health 1 COLUMBIA COLLEGE CHICAGO 1 MA / Dance movement therapy and counseling 1 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 4 MPH / Public health 2 MS / Adult‐Gerontology Primary Care Nurse Practitioner 1 MS / Occupational therapy 1 DUKE UNIVERSITY 2 MHS / Physician assistant 1 MS / Physician's assistant 1 1 MS / Communication disorders 1 EMORY UNIVERSITY 4 MMS / Physician's assistant 1 MPH / Behavioral sciences/health education 1 MPH / Global health 1 MPH / Health policy and management 1 GEORGE MASON UNIVERSITY 1 30

MS / Health systems management 1 GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY 2 MPH / Public health 1 MPH / Public health‐Health promotion 1 HARVARD T.H. CHAN SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 1 MS / Public Health 1 LESLEY UNIVERSITY 1 MA / Expressive therapy 1 MERCY COLLEGE 1 MS / Physician's assistant studies 1 MGH INSTITUTE OF HEALTH PROFESSIONS 2 MS / Nursing 1 MS / Speech language pathology 1 MOLLOY COLLEGE 1 MS / Music therapy 1 MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY ‐ BOZEMAN 1 MS / Health and human development 1 NEW YORK UNIVERSITY 2 MPA / Health policy and management 1 MPH / 1 PACE UNIVERSITY 1 MS / Physician assistant studies 1 PACIFIC UNIVERSITY 1 MS / Physician assistant studies 1 SAINT LOUIS UNIVERSITY 1 MPH / Public health 1 SIMMONS UNIVERSITY 2 MS / Nursing 2 SPRINGFIELD COLLEGE 2 MS / Exercise science and sports studies 1 MS / Physician's assistant 1 SUNY STONY BROOK UNIVERSITY 1 MS / Physician's assistant 1 SYRACUSE UNIVERSITY 1 MS / Child and family health 1 TEACHERS COLLEGE COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 1 MA / Motor learning 1 THE SAGE COLLEGES 1 MS / Occupational therapy 1 THOMAS JEFFERSON UNIVERSITY 1 MS / Occupational therapy 1 TUFTS UNIVERSITY 1 MPH / Health services management 1 TULANE UNIVERSITY 1 31

MPH / Public health 1 UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA BIRMINGHAM 1 MS / Occupational therapy 1 UNIVERSITY OF ARKANSAS FOR MEDICAL SCIENCES 1 MPH / Public health 1 UNIVERSITY OF BRIDGEPORT 1 MS / Physicians assistant 1 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA‐SAN FRANCISCO 1 MS / Nursing 1 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO 1 MS / Nursing 1 UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA‐CHAPEL HILL 3 MPH / Health behavior 2 MPH / Health behavior and health education 1 UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA 1 MPH / Public health studies 1 UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS ARLINGTON 1 MSN / Nursing 1 WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE ‐ PA 1 MMS / Medical science ‐ dermatology 1 WESTERN CONNECTICUT STATE UNIVERSITY 1 MHA / Health care administration 1 WESTERN UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES 1 MS / Medical science 1 YALE UNIVERSITY 6 MPH / Chronic disease epidemiology 1 MPH / Public health 1 MS / Nurse Practitioner 1 MSN / Family nurse practitioner 1 MSN / Nursing 2 Journalism and communications 7 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2 MA / Communications 1 MS / Journalism 1 CUNY GRADUATE SCHOOL AND UNIVERSITY CENTER 1 MA / Journalism 1 EMERSON COLLEGE 1 MA / Print and multimedia journalism 1 GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY 1 MA / Global communication 1 NEW YORK UNIVERSITY 1 MA / Journalism 1 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA‐SANTA BARBARA 1 MA / Communication 1 32

Law/criminal justice 2 CUNY JOHN JAY COLLEGE OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE 1 MA / Criminal justice 1 UNIVERSITY OF PHOENIX 1 MS / Administration of justice and security 1 Library and information science 5 DREXEL UNIVERSITY 1 MS / Library and information science 1 RUTGERS ‐THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NJ ‐NEW BRUNSWICK 1 MLIS / Library and information science 1 SIMMONS UNIVERSITY 2 MS / Library and information science 2 SOUTHERN CONNECTICUT STATE UNIVERSITY 1 MLS / Library and information science 1 Mathematics and statistics 5 CUNY HUNTER COLLEGE 1 MA / Statistics and applied theoretical mathematics 1 FRAMINGHAM STATE UNIVERSITY 1 M.Ed / Mathematics 1 UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO BOULDER 1 MA / Mathematics 1 UNIVERSITY OF IOWA 1 MS / Mathematics 1 UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND ‐ BALTIMORE COUNTY 1 MS / Mathematical statistics and probability 1 Philosophy/religion/theology 6 HARVARD UNIVERSITY 3 MTS / Theological studies 2 MTS / Theology 1 NAROPA UNIVERSITY 1 MA / Religious studies 1 UNIVERSITY OF HOUSTON 1 MA / Philosophy 1 UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA 1 MS / Bioethics 1 Physical sciences and engineering 13 BOSTON UNIVERSITY 3 M.Eng / Mechanical engineering 2 MS / Earth sciences 1 OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY 1 MS / Ocean, earth and atmospheric science 1 TUFTS UNIVERSITY 3 MS / Chemistry 1 MS / Engineering management 2 33

UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO BOULDER 1 MS / Civil engineering 1 UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII AT MANOA 1 MS / Oceanography 1 UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS AT AMHERST 1 MS / Physics 1 UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER 1 MS / Chemistry 1 YALE UNIVERSITY 2 MS / Chemistry 2 Political science/public administration/public policy 55 AMERICAN UNIVERSITY 1 MA / International affairs 1 BOSTON UNIVERSITY 1 MA / International relations and religion 1 CARNEGIE MELLON UNIVERSITY 1 MS / Public policy and management 1 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 5 MA / Human rights 2 MPA / Public administration 2 MPA / Public policy and administration 1 DUKE UNIVERSITY 1 MPP / Public policy 1 GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY 2 MA / International affairs 2 GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY 5 MA / Development policy and management 1 MA / Security studies 2 MPP / Public policy 1 MPS / Urban and regional planning 1 HARVARD KENNEDY SCHOOL OF GOVERNMENT 2 MPA / Public administration 1 MPP / Social and urban policy 1 KEAN UNIVERSITY 1 MPA / Public administration 1 NEW YORK UNIVERSITY 6 MA / Politics 1 MPA / Public and nonprofit management 3 MPA / Public and nonprofit management and policy 1 MUP / Urban planning 1 NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY 2 MPA / Public administration 1 MS / Regulatory affairs 1 NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY 1 34

MA / Political science 1 RUTGERS ‐THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NJ ‐NEW BRUNSWICK 1 MCRP / Transportation 1 SYRACUSE UNIVERSITY 1 MPA / Public administration 1 THE NEW SCHOOL 2 MA / International affairs 1 MS / Urban policy analysis and management 1 THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY 1 MA / Political science 1 TUFTS UNIVERSITY 5 MA / Human security/economic development 1 MA / Law and Diplomacy 2 MA / Urban and environmental policy and planning 2 UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA 1 MS / Planning 1 UNIVERSITY OF ARKANSAS AT LITTLE ROCK 2 MPS / Public service 2 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA‐SANTA BARBARA 1 MA / Global and international studies 1 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO 1 MPP / Public policy 1 UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT 1 MA / Political science 1 UNIVERSITY OF DENVER ‐ COLORADO 3 MA / International development 1 MA / International human rights 1 MA / International security 1 UNIVERSITY OF LOUISVILLE 1 MA / Political science 1 UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND ‐ COLLEGE PARK 1 MPP / Public policy 1 UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 1 MPP / Public policy 1 UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA‐PEMBROKE 1 MPA / Public administration 1 UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN 1 MPA / Public affairs 1 UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON ‐ SEATTLE 2 MA / International studies‐Japan 1 MPA / Public administration 1 UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN ‐ MADISON 1 MPA / Public affairs 1 Psychology/counseling 45 35

ADAMS STATE UNIVERSITY 1 MA / Counseling 1 BAYLOR UNIVERSITY 2 MS / Clinical psychology 2 BOSTON COLLEGE 2 MA / Counseling psychology 1 MSW / Clinical social work 1 CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF INTEGRAL STUDIES 1 MA / Counseling psychology 1 CLARK UNIVERSITY 1 MA / Psychology 1 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 1 MS / Psychiatric/mental health nurse practitioner 1 CUNY BROOKLYN COLLEGE 1 MS / School psychologist 1 CUNY GRADUATE SCHOOL AND UNIVERSITY CENTER 1 MA / Environmental psychology 1 EMORY UNIVERSITY 1 MA / Psychology 1 GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY 1 MA / School counseling 1 HARVARD UNIVERSITY 1 Ed.M / Human development and psychology 1 LONG ISLAND UNIVERSITY 1 MS / School counseling 1 MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY 1 MS / Behavioral decision science 1 NEW YORK UNIVERSITY 3 MA / Human development and social intervention 1 MA / Industrial and organizational psychology 1 MS / Clinical investigation 1 NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY 2 MA / Psychology 1 MS / Applied educational psychology ‐ counseling 1 NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY 1 MS / Clinical psychology 1 SALEM STATE UNIVERSITY 1 MS / Education‐school counseling 1 SOUTHERN CONNECTICUT STATE UNIVERSITY 1 MFT / Family therapy 1 TEACHERS COLLEGE COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 9 M.Ed / School counseling 1 M.Ed / School counselor 1 MA / Organizational psychology 4 36

MA / Psychological counseling 2 MA / Psychology in education 1 THE CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF AMERICA 1 MA / Psychology 1 TUFTS UNIVERSITY 2 MA / Child development 1 MA / School psychology 1 UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 1 MS / Psychology 1 UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 1 MS / Psychology 1 UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA‐CHAPEL HILL 1 MA / Psychology 1 UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA 1 MS / Applied clinical psychology 1 UNIVERSITY OF ST THOMAS 1 MA / Counseling psychology 1 WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSITY 1 MS / Psychology 1 WIDENER UNIVERSITY 1 MA / Clinical psychology 1 XAVIER UNIVERSITY 1 MA / Psychology 1 YESHIVA UNIVERSITY 2 MA / Clinical health psychology 1 MS / Clinical psychology 1 Social sciences and history 7 BRANDEIS UNIVERSITY 1 MA / Sociology 1 FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY 1 MS / Geography 1 NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY 1 MA / Public history 1 TEACHERS COLLEGE COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 1 MA / Applied linguistics 1 UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO COLORADO SPRINGS 1 MA / History 1 UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT 1 MA / History 1 UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII‐MANOA 1 MA / History 1 Social work/social services 37 BOSTON COLLEGE 1 MSW / Social work 1 37

BOSTON UNIVERSITY 1 MSW / Social work 1 BRYN MAWR COLLEGE 1 MSS / Social service 1 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 7 MS / Social work 7 CUNY HUNTER COLLEGE 3 MSW / Social work 3 FORDHAM UNIVERSITY 4 MSW / Social work 4 NEW YORK UNIVERSITY 6 MSW / Social work 6 SIMMONS UNIVERSITY 3 MSW / Social work 3 SMITH COLLEGE 1 MSW / Social work 1 TEMPLE UNIVERSITY 1 MSW / Social work 1 THE CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF AMERICA 1 MSW / Social work 1 THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY 1 MSW / Social work 1 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA ‐ BERKELEY 1 MSW / Social welfare 1 UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT 2 MSW / Social work 2 UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA LAS VEGAS 1 MSW / Social work 1 UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA‐CHAPEL HILL 1 MSW / Social work 1 UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA 1 MSW / Social work 1 UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA 1 MSW / Social work 1 Visual, creative, and performing arts 31 BOSTON ARCHITECTURAL COLLEGE 1 MDS / Design studies 1 BOSTON UNIVERSITY 2 MS / Arts administration 1 MS / Television 1 CHAPMAN UNIVERSITY‐ORANGE 3 MFA / Film and television production 1 MFA / Film production 2 CUNY CITY COLLEGE 1 38

MFA / Creative writing 1 CUNY HUNTER COLLEGE 1 MFA / Creative writing 1 HARVARD UNIVERSITY 1 MDES / Design 1 MARY BALDWIN UNIVERSITY 1 MLett / Shakespeare and performance 1 MIDDLESEX UNIVERSITY (UK) 1 MA / Choreography 1 NAROPA UNIVERSITY 1 MFA / Theater 1 NEW YORK UNIVERSITY 1 MFA / Acting 1 NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY 1 MFA / Writing 1 PACE UNIVERSITY 1 MFA / Acting 1 PRATT INSTITUTE 1 MS / Interior design 1 SAN DIEGO STATE UNIVERSITY 1 MFA / Creative writing 1 SMITH COLLEGE 1 MFA / Dance 1 TEMPLE UNIVERSITY 1 MFA / Film and media arts 1 THE NEW SCHOOL 2 MFA / Creative writing 1 MFA / Interior design 1 TUFTS UNIVERSITY 1 MA / Drama 1 UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA 1 MFA / Creative writing 1 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA‐SAN DIEGO 1 MFA / Theater and Dance 1 UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS AT AMHERST 1 MFA / Arts 1 UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA 1 MFA / Fine arts 1 UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA 1 MFA / Cinematic arts, film and television production 1 UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN ‐ MADISON 2 MA / Art 1 MFA / Fine art 1 VIRGINIA POLYTECH AND STATE UNIV 1 39

MFA / Creative writing 1 WICHITA STATE UNIVERSITY 1 MFA / Creative writing 1 No degree‐field information found 2 LONG ISLAND UNIVERSITY 1 MS / 1 UNIVERSITY OF SAINT JOSEPH 1 MA / 1

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