Kozma Judit: Tulajdonnevek Helyesírása a Csillagászati És Az

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Kozma Judit: Tulajdonnevek Helyesírása a Csillagászati És Az EÖTVÖS LORÁND TUDOMÁNYEGYETEM MAI MAGYAR NYELVI TANSZÉK Tulajdonnevek helyesírása a csillagászati és az űrtani szaknyelvben Doktori disszertáció KOZMA JUDIT Témavezet ő: dr. Laczkó Krisztina egy. doc. BUDAPEST 2012. I „A nyelvész mindig a rendszert keresi, de soha nem tévesztheti szem el ől a rendszertelenséget sem”. (MEZ Ő 1994: 111). „A helyesírásban nem kizárólag az egységességre való törekvés érvényesül. Igaz ugyan, hogy az írásban nagyobb egységesség lehet, mint a szóbeliségben, de szüntelenül hat az egyidej ű rugalmas használat és az id őbeli fejl ődés ereje, tehát az állandó változás” (HEXENDORF 1974: 5). II I TARTALOMJEGYZÉK Az ábrák és a táblázatok jegyzéke ................................................................................V 1. Bevezetés...................................................................................................................... 1 1.1. A témaválasztás indoklása..................................................................................... 1 1.1.1. Személyes érdekl ődés..................................................................................... 1 1.1.2. Tudományos jelent őség .................................................................................. 1 1.2. A dolgozat felépítése ............................................................................................. 3 1.3. Anyag és módszer.................................................................................................. 5 2. Elméleti alapvetések ................................................................................................... 7 2.1. Terminológiai kérdések ......................................................................................... 7 2.2. A csillagászat és az űrtan meghatározása.............................................................. 9 2.2.1. A csillagászat és az űrtan részterületei és társtudományai ............................. 9 2.3. A tulajdonnevek rendszerezése ........................................................................... 13 2.3.1. Tulajdonnevek a helyesírási szabályzatokban.............................................. 15 2.3. Szaknyelvek......................................................................................................... 19 2.3.1. Léteznek-e szaknyelvek?.............................................................................. 19 2.3.2. A szaknyelvek helye a nyelvváltozatok között ............................................ 22 2.3.3. Szaknyelv, terminológia, nómenklatúra, terminus....................................... 25 2.3.4. A szaknyelvek speciális tulajdonságai ......................................................... 26 2.3.5. Szaknyelvm űvelés, szaknyelvi helyesírások ................................................ 28 3. Nem specifikusan csillagászati vagy űrtani tulajdonnevek helyesírása............... 31 3.1. Személynevek...................................................................................................... 31 3.1.1. Alapalakok.................................................................................................... 32 3.1.1.1. A magyar személynevek írása és az idegen személynevek átírása ....... 32 3.1.1.2. Névkiegészít ők ...................................................................................... 33 3.1.1.3. Névrövidítések....................................................................................... 33 3.1.2. Toldalékos és összetételi formák.................................................................. 34 3.2. Állatnevek............................................................................................................ 36 3.2.1. Alapalakok.................................................................................................... 36 3.2.2. Toldalékos és összetételi formák.................................................................. 36 3.3. Intézménynevek................................................................................................... 38 3.3.1. Alapalakok.................................................................................................... 38 3.3.1.1. Az intézmény hivatalos és nem hivatalos megnevezéseinek írása........ 38 I 3.3.1.2. Külön- és egybeírás az olyan közszavak esetében, amelyek névelemként jelennek meg az intézménynevekben ................................................................. 40 3.3.1.3. A rendezvénynevek írása....................................................................... 41 3.3.2. Toldalékos és összetételi formák.................................................................. 42 3.4. Díjak, kitüntetések neve ...................................................................................... 44 3.4.1. Alapalakok.................................................................................................... 44 3.4.2. Toldalékos és összetételi formák.................................................................. 45 3.5. Címek................................................................................................................... 47 3.5.1. Alapalakok.................................................................................................... 47 3.5.2. Toldalékos és összetételi formák.................................................................. 49 4. Csillagászati és űrtani tulajdonnevek helyesírása ................................................. 51 4.1. Bolygók és exobolygók neve............................................................................... 51 4.1.1. Alapalakok.................................................................................................... 52 4.1.2. Toldalékos és összetételi formák.................................................................. 55 4.1.3. Exobolygónevek ........................................................................................... 66 4.2. Kis- és törpebolygók............................................................................................ 68 4.2.1. Alapalakok.................................................................................................... 73 4.2.2. Toldalékos és összetételi formák.................................................................. 75 4.3. Holdak ................................................................................................................. 77 4.3.1. Alapalakok.................................................................................................... 80 4.3.2. Toldalékos és összetételi formák.................................................................. 82 4.4. Csillagképek ........................................................................................................ 85 4.4.1. Alapalakok.................................................................................................... 87 4.4.1.1. Népi nevek............................................................................................. 94 4.4.2. Toldalékos és összetételi formák.................................................................. 97 4.5. Csillagok............................................................................................................ 100 4.5.1. Alapalakok.................................................................................................. 100 4.5.1.1. Sajátnevek............................................................................................ 101 4.5.1.2. Nevek a csillagképek alapján .............................................................. 102 4.5.1.3. Katalógusszámok................................................................................. 105 4.5.1.4. Népi elnevezések ................................................................................. 106 4.5.2. Toldalékos és összetételi formák................................................................ 106 4.6. Üstökösök .......................................................................................................... 108 4.6.1. Alapalakok.................................................................................................. 108 4.6.2. Toldalékos és összetételi formák................................................................ 111 4.7. Meteorok............................................................................................................ 112 4.7.1. Alapalakok.................................................................................................. 112 4.7.2. Toldalékos és összetételi formák................................................................ 114 4.8. Mélyég-objektumok........................................................................................... 117 II 4.8.1. Alapalakok.................................................................................................. 118 4.8.2. Toldalékos és összetételi formák................................................................ 120 4.9. Felszínformák .................................................................................................... 122 4.9.1. Alapalakok.................................................................................................. 129 4.9.2. Toldalékos és összetételi formák................................................................ 134 4.10. Űreszközök ...................................................................................................... 136 4.10.1. Alapalakok................................................................................................ 137 4.10.1.1. A névterjedelem jelölése ..................................................................
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