A 3D Cultural Heritage & Visualisation Depository For Australia eResearch 2014 Towards Unified Global Research
Professor Erik Champion, Curtin University abstract
• project to survey, collate and develop tools for heritage sites and related built environments, focusing initially on Australia
• consolidate and disseminate 3D models and virtual environments of world heritage sites
• host virtual heritage examples, tutorials, tools and technologies
• community involvement and groups
• policy formulation
• evaluation and further application of 3D digital environments and digital models for classroom use and general visualisation projects virtual heritage==oxymoron http://www.kith.org/logos/things/VRML/handbook/ “digital heritage disappearing faster than the real heritage”
• In the very near future some critical issues will need to be addressed; increased accessibility to (and sharing of) heritage data, consistent interface design for widespread public use and re-‐presentations of work, the formalization of a digital heritage database, establishment of a global infrastructure, institutionalized, archival standards for digital heritage and most importantly the on-‐going curation, of work forward in time as the technology evolves so that our current digital heritage projects will not be lost to future generations. We cannot afford to have our digital heritage disappearing faster than the real heritage or the sites it seeks to ‘preserve’ otherwise all of our technological advances, creative interpretations, visualizations and efforts will have been in vain.1
• Thwaites, Harold. "Digital Heritage: What Happens When We Digitize Everything?" Visual Heritage in the Digital Age. Springer London, 2013. 327-‐348. [oz] historic collections could be lost to ‘digital dinosaurs’
• Brunig: 2.5billion industry, 25% digitised, 629km of archives
• shifting to open access models and greater collaboration with the public
• exploring new approaches to copyright management that stimulate creativity and support creators; building on aggregation initiatives such as the Atlas of Living Australia
• standardising preservation of “born digital” material to avoid losing access to digital heritage
• exploiting the potential of Australia’s Academic and Research Network (AARNet) and the National Broadband Network (NBN) for collection and collaboration. http://www.csiro.au/Portals/Media/Australian-museums-risk-becoming- digital-dinosaurs.aspx the museums of tomorrow https://twitter.com/plevy/status/433058523836985344/pho to/1 Digital Heritage 2013 note: digital heritage 2015 Granada Spain 5-9 Oct
problem
• preserve and integrate 3D/multimedia
• access and ownership of models, sites & paradata
• lack of guidelines and shared procedures
• no shared standardised evaluation data
• audience issues
Project MUBIL Trondheim APA Bologna model Blender (interactive in OpenSceneGraph) international efforts
• 3D Icons (3D HOP) in CIDOC CRM
• Europeana
• Smithsonian Institute X3D BETA
• Fraunhoefer (X3DOM ON GITHUB)
• Ariadne
• CARARE
• EU EPOCH
• V-MUST
• DARIAH, CLARIN, DASISH infrastructure cultural heritage tools and archives 2013 workshop
Australia
• Funding bodies (?)
• Data Capture (CSIRO, iVEC)
• Organisations (ICOMOS, CAA, ICOM, AIA)
• Shareholders (education, spatial, tourism, GLAM)
• Previous and current work (TROVE, HUNI, MUKURTU, Vanuatu Cultural Centre db, Canning Stock Route) http://codifi.org/mukurtu/ Australasian world heritage
• 19 UNESCO WH listed sites, oldest rainforests + 1/3 world’s protected marine areas.
• Iconic: Great Barrier Reef , Wet Tropics, Daintree Rainforest (QLD); Greater Blue Mountains (NSW); NTs’ Kakadu + Uluru/Kata Tjuta National Parks; WA’s Purnululu National Park (Kimberley) + Ningaloo coast.
• 1.3 m hectare Tasmanian Wilderness World Heritage Area=7 critiera, most on planet.
• Many remote: Australian Fossil Mammal Sites-Naracoorte SA and Riversleigh QLD.
• 11 World Heritage Australian Convict Sites.
• Buildings : Sydney Opera House, Royal Exhibition Buildings + Carlton Gardens VIC.
• Whole islands: QLD Fraser Island; entire Lord Howe Island Group NSW; and Macquarie, Heard and McDonald Islands in the sub-Antarctic region off the coast of Tasmania. selection issues
• Vast and remote natural landscapes.
• Pre-tour visits difficult if not impossible.
• There are few built heritage projects.
• 3D models and landscapes not part of ICOMOS reports, Burra Charter only recently reflects 3D.
• Copyright, contestation and forbidden knowledge issues. universal user needs
• “Archaeology is messy, and it deals with three-dimensional artifacts in four-dimensional space-time. Its publications should reflect that.”
• Publishing Archaeological Linked Open Data: From Steampunk to Sustainability maintenance issues
• Australia-short term funding
• conflicting or redundant organisations
• management model.
• unforeseen costs
• data management planning
• compatibility and access issues
• interactive vs purely static archive formats >>objectives
• This project would make free online introduction to the field of virtual heritage, provide free online 3D models for use by the public, and create policies and guidelines for integrating digital heritage sites and models with library and community media and related information infrastructures
• Our objectives are to
• Survey, collate and archive using available institutes a range of online virtual heritage resources (they are currently scattered).
• Provide training material that can be developed and expanded by others.
• Recommend ways in which 3D models can be better linked to scholarly articles and related digital material. focus
• Create list and host online available 3D heritage models, concentrate on Australia and the Pacific region.
• Introductory material to show classrooms and community groups how to use and modify online virtual heritage models and sites in their educational programmes.
• Create, collate and host training media. letters of support
• Computer Applications and Quantitative Methods in Archaeology (CAA) (Australia) Suggest it will fulfil UNESCO themes“Attaining quality education for all and lifelong learning”—" Building inclusive knowledge societies through information and communication”
• ICOMOS Australia: “..new approaches to visualising cultural heritage will enhance the use and understanding of cultural heritage and cultural significance as important aspects of world heritage management. Ongoing research into modelling technology development, improved learning approaches and developing best practice examples will certainly advance this area of cultural heritage management.”
• National Library of Australia:“to link 3D models back to text. papers and books, makes the proposal even more useful from every perspective -the educational , the scholarly, the heritage, the tourism and the practical perspective.”
• http://publicVR.org
• City of Ballarat / Federation University Australia options
1.Re-record everything (3D capture) accurately.
2.Template or provide framework to support / record sites.
3.Immersive explanation of every 3D site.
4.Policies to encourage use/re-use of 3D models.
5.Collection and dissemination network.
6. Store models, base components, paradata, or embed exes? See https://olivearchive.org/ problem
• Anyone who has worked in the field of computer graphics for even a short time knows about the bewildering array of storage formats for graphical objects. It seems as though every programmer creates a new file format for nearly every new programming project. The way out of this morass of formats is to create a single file format that is both flexible enough to anticipate future needs and that is simple enough so as not to drive away potential users.
• http://paulbourke.net/dataformats/ply/ formats
• WebGL: JavaScript API for rendering interactive 3D graphics and 2D graphics managed by the Khronos Group
• O3D: developed by Google (example)
• 3DMLW: 3D Markup Language for Web (Tallinn)
• COLLADA: interchange file format for interactive 3D applications, managed by the Khronos Group
• U3D: Ecma International standard ECMA-363
• VRML: precursor of X3D
• NB older:http://archaeologydataservice.ac.uk/advice/FileFormatTable software
• https://github.com/x3dom/pipeline (Fraunhofer)
• http://vcg.isti.cnr.it/3dhop/ 3D ICONS repository
• Smithsonian X3D beta http://3d.si.edu/
• Pelagios: Enable Linked Ancient Geodata In Open Systems http://pelagios-project.blogspot.com.au/ OR http://pleiades.stoa.org/ OR Stanford Orbis http://orbis.stanford.edu/
• Blender to Web3D; Unity in WebGL;
• Meshmoon; open wonderland; opensim; other OS projects carrots
• provide showcases; critical mass for funding
• use in teaching; wider range of audiences;
• prizes awards or other recognition
• long-term depository
• citation and dynamic linking may be possible
• Modification of CC for 3D models and sites
• Changes to copyright system based on levels of detail or components prelim. advisory board
• Professor Angelina Russo, co-‐founder and Director of Museum3 (http://www.museum3.net), Associate Dean Research and inaugural Professor of Cultural Practice in the Faculty of Arts and Design at the University of Canberra.
• Professor Jo McDonald, Archaeology, Rio Tinto Chair of Rock Art Studies/Director, Centre for Rock Art Research and Management, University of Western Australia.
•Dr. Arianna Traviglia, Visiting Professor University of Venice, Italy and CAA executive member (http://caa-‐international.org/).
•Dr. Laia Tost, formerly Senior Researcher, the Acropolis Museum Greece, and current Marie Curie IEF fellow, Barcelona.
• Professor Sambit Datta, CAADRIA executive, School of Built Environment, Curtin University.
•Dr Sara Perry, Director of Studies, Lecturer of Cultural Heritage Management, University of York. conclusion
• status: UNESCO, ethics, data management, survey, tech spec
• recap: The issues and challenges: Hal Thwaites, Matt Brünig
• specific issues: Historical authenticity + copyright (Valeria Vitale)
• summary: technical and political challenges: Challenges paper
• alternative: low-cost or free software, templates and componentization: http://muse-opensource.org/ (part of Open GLAM); http://www.x3dom.org/; blender.org; http://meshlab.sourceforge.net/; www.mukurtuarchive.org/
• check out these organisational network and services: ARIADNE; v-must.net; http://dhcommons.org/; http://minecraftedu.com/
• other inspiration: http://dhcommons.org/; publicVR.org Curtin HIVE Erik Champion, Curtin University email:[email protected] twitter: @nzerik