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Sprague's Journal of Maine History

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\ ^°-4a^%°- Z.*;^--?. ^"-^w:."- .v: ^ ' ^ .«, ^^< % /?^ -^^^ TT,-*/^ \/^?^*\/^ "V'^^V^ \/^^-\/^ .<^^ , o <;-^°^ I& \ '-^ '^^^ ,0* .'V..% V ^> v^^ .^0- .-?v-^ *Vto^*-- ^rf ' » • \ » •^^ .-Jv^^ -^ ^'^ ^. ..c*^ \. .^-' .^ .^^'% w: ^'" '*'. .0' '* ^^. .<^ o <L^HP,%<> HILL CLARENCE HALE-FRANK E. GUERNSEY-W. SCOTT JORDAN CHARLES F. HOLDEN—NELLIE WOODBURY JANUARY—FEBRUARY—MARCH ,3 76 The LESLIE E. JONES Co. BEYER & SMALL Conservative Investment Bonds Office Outfitters Typewriters of all Makes. Wood & WE OFFER Steel Filing Equipment Municipal, Railroad and Public IJtlllty Issues. Specialists in Maine Securities 416-17 EASTERN TRUST BLDG. BANGOR, MAINE Augusta Portland Bangor Wi\t Jiatemlb iTOnrmng ^^nttu^l Goes to press later than any other paper reaching Central Maine. It handles messages by wire up to 3 o'clock in the morning. If you want the latest news, READ THE SENTINEL. $5.00 per year by mail for cash. Hatermlb ^fnttttrl J^ubltBlitng domtJawg ITatrrttUb. ilainr Lay your plans to start your savings IT PAYS TO SAVE account with this bank on your very next pay-day. Set aside One Dollar—more if you can spare it—come to the bank and make your first deposit. Small sums are welcome. Put system into your savings. Save a little every week and save that little regularly. Make it an obligation to yourself just as you are in duty bound to pay the grocer or the coal man. SAVE FAITHFULLY. The dollars you save now will serve you later on when you will have greater need for them. PISCATAQUIS SAVINGS BANK. Dover, Maine, r. E. GUI:BNSEV, Pres. W. C. WOODBtXBY, Treas. Money Back If Not Satisfied—Is Your Protection JOHN T. CLARK & CO. Clothiers BANGOR, : : : : : MAINE We have positive evidence of the reliability of advertisers on these pages What is the width of the spread? (Courtesy of E. & A. R. R.) CONTENTS THE STATE OF MAINE 3 A POLITICAE CAMPAiriN DOCITINIENT 8 A LETTER TO KING JAMES I 10 FRANCIS O. I. SMITH (ILLUSTRATION) 12 PINE TREE FRINGED PENOBSCOT 13 A SKETCH OF THE LIFE OF DAVID RAY 14 CHARLES ALCOTT FLAGG (ILLUSTRATION) 20 EARLY KENNEBEC TAVERNS 21 GRAVES OF REVOL,UTIONARY SOLDIERS 23 A MAINE COLONIAL HOUSE 28 A CONGRESSMAN FROM PISCATAQUIS 29 FLAGG'S ALPHABETICAL INDEX 31 THE EDES P^AIMILY 32 A NOROMBEGA ITEM 35 MAINE HISTORY IN THE SCHOOLS 36 CATECHISM OF CONSTITUTION 40 COLONIAL AND LOCAL HISTORY 41 A GEM AMONG MAINE TOWN HISTORIES 44 INDIAN WOMAN DESIRES RIGHT OF SUFFRAGE 4 4 CHARLES ALCOTT FLAGG 45 MAINE CENTENNIAL TOWNS FOR 1921 46 YEARS the Insurance Man of Somerset County Never a Failure—Never a La^v Suit—What more do you want? 54 (Member Soc. Col. W^ars; Sons Am. Rev.; Past A. A. G., G. A. R.) CHARLES FOLSOM-JONES, Skowhegan, Maine We have positive evidence of the reliability of advertisers on these pages HONORABLE CLARENCE HALE Distinguished Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Maine. " ": The following is from Who'^ Who ir. America ,01% HALE Clarence, Judge; b. Turner, Me., Apr. 1.5, 1848; s. James Sullivan and Betsey (Staples) H.; brother of Eugene H. (q. v.); A. B. Bowdoin Coll., 1869, later A. M. and LL. D.; m. Mar- garet RolHns, of Portland, Me., Mar. 11, 1880. Admitted to bar 1871, and practiced at Portland. City solicitor, 1879-82; mem. Me. Ho. of Rep., 1883-86; U. S. dist. judge, Dist. of Me., 1902—; Republican, Congregationalist, Pres. bd. overseers Bowdoin College; afterwards Trustee of Bowdoin College. Clubs: Cumberland (Portland); Union, University (Boston). Address, Portland, Me. Sprague^s Journal of Maine History Vol. IX January, February, March, 1921 No. i THE STATE OF MAINE All address delivered by Honorable Clarence Hale of Portland, Maine, before the Maine Society of New York, March, ip20. The State of Maine is a hundred years old. It is a memorable thing to be a hundred years old. But Maine history is almost three hundred years old. A hundred years ago Maine was a new State with an old history. "While New England is spoken of as a new country," says John Fiske, "its record is, in fact, that of an old country. Its towns have a history which dates back to the times of James the First." The year James First came to the throne, 1603, Martin Pring sailed Penobscot Bay. The year before that, while Elizabeth was still Queen, Gosnold saw the shores of Maine. In 1605, Captain George Weymouth set up a cross on Monhegan in token of the sovereignty of James the First; and the dimness of time does not prevent the island of Monhegan and Pentecost harbor, and the hard adventure of the Popham colony, from taking their place in Maine history; and all these ventures in discovery were long before the Mayflower, long before Massachusetts history began. A generation later, in the last years of Charles the First, came the permanent settlement under the Gorges patent, the pro- prietorship of which extended from the Piscataqua to the Penob- scot, to which was given the name "The Province of Maine." These men came to Richmond's island and made homes, set up English civilization and the English church and English politics. They were the king's men ; they were aristocrats ; they hated Puri- tans and Puritanism ; they hated Massachusetts and all her works. Their chief, Ferdinando Gorges, at 70, fought for Charles the First at the Siege of Bristol, and died two years before the death of his king. It was not until 1652, under Cromwell, that Massachusetts began to extend her sway over the Maine province. Then followed poll- — 4 SPRAGUE'S JOURNAL OF MAINE HISTORY tics between the rule of Massachusetts and the rule of the Royalists. Charles the Second took Maine away from Massachusetts, as Fiske and Parkman have so well told. Again, in 1665, Massachusetts took possession. After the death of Gorges, the Massachusetts Bay colony bought out his interests, paying 1250 pounds; and it was not until 1692 that the province charter finally fixed the status of Alassachusetts in control of Maine, and called it the District of Maine. With all the politics Maine has had, I suppose there has been nothing so full of stress as those English politics of the seventeenth century, translated to Alaine shores. It is interesting to note that the first politicians of Maine were English Royalists. The first minister who made a career in Maine was Robert Jordan, the English churchman, land-ow^ner and politician, the precursor of a large body of sturdy men and women all over the country ; for all the Jordans are his descendants ; and they combine the blood of English churchmen and Royalists with the blood of those who came to Massachusetts Bay and laid the foundation of English repre- sentative government in America. And so, I repeat ; that one hun- dred years ago Maine was a new State with an old history. The two early histories of Maine are histories of the Maine Province and the District of Maine. Williamson's two volumes, of great value and of great detail,—printed in 1839, bring Maine down only to the year 1920, the time of the separation. Twenty- five years before Maine became a State, its story induced Governor Sullivan to write its history, one of the best early .State histories. Governor Sullivan appreciated the Maine mind and character ; he says that while "the soil of the seacoast was hard and reluctant to the plow, its leading type of men were like Julius Caesar ; they knew how to distinguish difficulties from impossibilities." James Sullivan was a philosopher as well as a historian. He shows how the Maine character partook of its history. He says: "The mind of a nation seems to be well represented by the ocean, which is forever in motion and turbulent, with but short intervals of calm- ness ; and yet, by the nature of its specific weight, tending to a state of quiet." W'hen he wrote that sentence he must have had his eye upon his map. There was the District of Maine spread out before him ; York, Cumberland and Lincoln counties. There was the long stretch of shore. It is three hundred miles from THE vSTATE OF MAINE Kittery to Calais, but in that contour of coast are many and deep indentations ; so that the sailor man can sail his boat in the net- work of bays and make a voyage along three thousand miles of Maine seacoast. The people who lived there at that time got their li\ing and their character from hard contests with the forest and the sea ; those two inherent sources of life ; those two grim de- stroyers of all that is false. With the character which Maine men inherited, both on the conservative and on the progressive side, it was as inevitable as the tidal march of the ocean on her shore that her citizens should have the sturdy cjualities w^hich have made Maine history. The expected happened ; the old District has an heroic story. Liberty w-as something more than a gesture. It had to be fought for. At the outbreak of King Philip's War, in 1675, ^^ ilhamson records that there were about six thousand souls constituting the popu- lation of Maine Province, and about three times that number of Indians in the Maine forests. From that time to 1754 there were six distinct Indian wars. In other words, this devoted band of pioneers were almost constantly fighting savages for eighty years. In 1745, Sir William Pepperill, of Kittery, led Maine men on the modern crusade which captured Louisburg, the stronghold of Amer- ica ; so bold a project that Parkman gives to it, in his history, the simple heading: "A Mad Scheme." A generation later, in 1775, one of the most heroic incidents of the American Revolution hap- pened on Maine soil.
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