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Revision of the Australian Bee Genus Trichocolletes Cockerell (Hymenoptera: Colletidae: Paracolletini)

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Revision of the Australian Bee Genus Trichocolletes Cockerell (Hymenoptera: Colletidae: Paracolletini) AUSTRALIAN MUSEUM SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS Batley, Michael, and Terry F. Houston, 2012. Revision of the Australian bee genus Trichocolletes Cockerell (Hymenoptera: Colletidae: Paracolletini). Records of the Australian Museum 64(1): 1–50. [Published 23 May 2012]. http://dx.doi.org/10.3853/j.0067-1975.64.2012.1589 ISSN 0067-1975 Published by the Australian Museum, Sydney nature culture discover Australian Museum science is freely accessible online at http://publications.australianmuseum.net.au 6 College Street, Sydney NSW 2010, Australia © The Authors, 2012. Journal compilation © Australian Museum, Sydney, 2012 Records of the Australian Museum (2012) Vol. 64: 1–50. ISSN 0067-1975 http://dx.doi.org/10.3853/j.0067-1975.64.2012.1589 Revision of the Australian Bee Genus Trichocolletes Cockerell (Hymenoptera: Colletidae: Paracolletini) Michael Batley1* and terry F. houston2 1 Australian Museum, 6 College Street, Sydney NSW 2010, Australia [email protected] 2 Western Australian Museum, Locked Bag 49, Welshpool D.C. WA 6986, Australia [email protected] aBstract. The endemic Australian bee genus Trichocolletes is revised. Forty species are recognised, including twenty-three new species: Trichocolletes aeratus, T. albigenae, T. avialis, T. brachytomus, T. brunilabrum, T. capillosus, T. centralis, T. dundasensis, T. fuscus, T. gelasinus, T. grandis, T. lacaris, T. leucogenys, T. luteorufus, T. macrognathus, T. micans, T. nitens, T. orientalis, T. platyprosopis, T. serotinus, T. simus, T. soror and T. tuberatus. Four new synonymies are proposed: Paracolletes marginatus lucidus Cockerell, 1929 = T. chrysostomus (Cockerell, 1929); T. daviesiae Rayment, 1931 = T. venustus (Smith, 1862); T. marginatulus Michener, 1965 = T. sericeus (Smith, 1862); T. nigroclypeatus Rayment, 1929 = T. venustus (Smith, 1862). Trichocolletes rufus (Rayment, 1930) is moved to Leioproctus and T. rufopilosus (Rayment, 1935) to Anthoglossa. Descriptions are given for new species and redescriptions for species described before 1965, including first descriptions of males ofT. aureotinctus (Cockerell), T. burnsi Michener, T. latifrons (Cockerell) and T. maximus (Cockerell) and the females of T. dowerinensis Rayment and T. rufibasis (Cockerell). Lectotypes are designated for Lamprocolletes venustus Smith and Anthoglossa plumata Smith. Keys to species are provided for both sexes, as are distribution maps and a summary of recorded floral visitation. Batley, Michael, and terry F. houston. 2012. Revision of the Australian bee genus Trichocolletes Cockerell (Hymenoptera: Colletidae: Paracolletini). Records of the Australian Museum 64(1): 1–50. The monobasic genus Trichocolletes (Cockerell, 1912) was species-level revision of the genus Trichocolletes. erected for the species Lamprocolletes venustus Smith by A recent molecular phylogeny of the family Colletidae virtue of its conspicuously hairy eyes. Rayment (1929, 1931) (Almeida & Danforth, 2009) concluded that the Australian added four additional species so that Cockerell’s 1934 survey and South American genera traditionally included in the of the family Colletidae in Australia, listed five names in the tribe Paracolletini (Michener, 2007), excluding Callomelitta genus Trichocolletes. When Michener (1965) revised the and Paracolletes s. str., form a monophyletic group and it genera of Australian bees, he recognized that species without has been proposed (Almeida et al., 2012) that the name hairy eyes, previously placed in Anthoglossa and Paracolletes, Neopasiphaeinae should be used for this group. The belonged in a more broadly defined genus. At the same time phylogenetic analysis suggested that the genus Anthoglossa Michener created a separate subgenus for the species T. is sister to all other Neopasiphaeinae and the genus pulcherrimus Michener, a decision he recently suggested Trichocolletes is, in turn, sister to all Neopasiphaeinae other (Michener, 2007) might merit reexamination. Since 1965, than Anthoglossa. Until morphological clarification of the two new species have been added (Houston, 1990), but there status of Paracolletes is available, we have opted to follow has been no revision of the genus. This is, therefore, the first Michener’s (2007) family-level names. * author for correspondence 2 Records of the Australian Museum (2012) Vol. 64 Figs 1–2. Trichocolletes venustus, male: (1) fore basitarsus showing plume (2) hind leg (part) showing long hair on femur. For the present study almost all available material in All but three of the type specimens were examined Australian collections was examined and type specimens by one of us (MB). The exceptions were examined and were either seen by the authors or examined by experts at photo graphed by colleagues in the holding institutions on the institutions housing them. our behalf. Bees of the genus Trichocolletes are found only in Descriptions are arranged alphabetically. Australia in the south-eastern temperate, south-western To minimize repetition in the specific descriptions, eyes temperate and eremean biomes (as defined by Crisp et al., are described as “not hairy”, rather than “with scattered, 2004). Information on behaviour is limited. Many species are minute setae”. Many males carry a dense fringe of long, active in late winter and spring and the common species of the sinuous hair on the posterior margin of the fore basitarsus. east coast have been reported (Hacker, 1918; Rayment, 1929, When the hairs are longer than twice the width of the 1935) to show a preference for pea flowers, while a more basitarsus, the fringe is called a plume (Fig. 1), otherwise comprehensive survey of flower visiting records for Western it is called a brush. The section of the epistomal suture that Australian species (Houston, 2000) demonstrated that the separates the clypeus from the supraclypeal area is called bees forage from other flower families as well. Members of the basal suture of the clypeus. The widths of metasomal the genus have been identified as important pollinators of bands are difficult to measure with any precision, but there Diuris orchids (Indsto et al., 2006). are discernable differences between species. Metasomal bands are described as “narrow” if the width of the band Terminology, methods and measurements on T2 is less than 1⁄5 the distance from the gradulus to the The morphological terminology follows that used by Michener apex of the tergum, measured medially, and “wide” when (2007) and Harris (1979), including interchange able use of the band width is more than ¼ of that distance. the words hair and seta. Relative dimensions quoted in the Characters of individual species are described only descriptions were measured using an eye-piece graticule on a where they differ from the typical condition given in the stereomicroscope with the zoom objective set to give a reading generic description. Unless otherwise noted, the body of 50 divisions for the head width. Abbreviations used for the lengths of all specimens examined were within ±1 mm of measurements are as in Houston (1990) and are as follows: that for the specimen described. Sexes were associated by as follows: AOD antennocular distance; ASD antennal socket morphological similarity and coincident collection, except diameter; BMW basal width of mandible; DMA distance where noted otherwise. between anterior mandibular articulations; FL flagellum Geospatial coordinates are GPS readings and dis t rib u t ions length; HL head length; HVO height of vertex above lateral include Interim Biogeographical Regions of Australia codes ocelli; HW head width; IAD interantennal distance; LID; lower (IBRA, 2010) in parentheses. The following abbreviations interorbital distance; ML mandible length; MOD diameter of are used for collections in which the specimens are lodged: median ocellus; MSL malar space length (shortest distance AM, Australian Museum, Sydney; AMNH, American between the abductor swelling and the eye); OOD ocellocular Museum of Natural History, New York; ANIC, Australian distance; SL scape length; SW scape width; UFW upper width National Insect Collection, Canberra; BMNH, British of face; UID upper interorbital distance; WOC width of ocellar Museum (Natural History), London; MV, Museum Victoria, cluster. Measurement of the length of the hind tarsus excludes Melbourne; OUM, University Museum, Oxford; QM, the claws. Metasomal terga are referred to as T1, T2 etc. and Queensland Museum (now including the former UQIC, sterna as S1, S2 etc. S7 and S8, the “hidden sterna” of males, University of Queensland Insect Collection), Brisbane; exhibit useful diagnostic characteristics and were extracted for SAM, South Australian Museum, Adelaide; WAA, Western examination. Individual antennal flagellomeres are referred to Australian Department of Agriculture Insect Reference by number as F1, F2 etc. Collection; WAM, Western Australian Museum, Perth. Batley & Houston: Australian bee genus Trichocolletes 3 Systematics orange-brown; apical part of clypeus sometimes orange- brown or cream; metasomal terga sometimes wholly or Genus Trichocolletes Cockerell partly red or orange-brown; apical bands of T1–5 usually gold, silver or white; that of T6 translucent; sterna sometimes Trichocolletes Cockerell, 1912, p. 176; Michener, 1965, pp. with narrow translucent margins. 78–80. Type-species Lamprocolletes venustus Smith, Clypeus, except ventral rim, usually densely punctate; 1862 (original designation). frons and vertex finely reticulate and closely punctate; Diagnosis mesosoma either with a dull sheen or matt due
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