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Moldova: from Oligarchic Pluralism to Plahotniuc's Hegemony
Centre for Eastern Studies NUMBER 208 | 07.04.2016 www.osw.waw.pl Moldova: from oligarchic pluralism to Plahotniuc’s hegemony Kamil Całus Moldova’s political system took shape due to the six-year rule of the Alliance for European Integration coalition but it has undergone a major transformation over the past six months. Resorting to skilful political manoeuvring and capitalising on his control over the Moldovan judiciary system, Vlad Plahotniuc, one of the leaders of the nominally pro-European Democra- tic Party and the richest person in the country, was able to bring about the arrest of his main political competitor, the former prime minister Vlad Filat, in October 2015. Then he pushed through the nomination of his trusted aide, Pavel Filip, for prime minister. In effect, Plahot- niuc has concentrated political and business influence in his own hands on a scale unseen so far in Moldova’s history since 1991. All this indicates that he already not only controls the judi- ciary, the anti-corruption institutions, the Constitutional Court and the economic structures, but has also subordinated the greater part of parliament and is rapidly tightening his grip on the section of the state apparatus which until recently was influenced by Filat. Plahotniuc, whose power and position depends directly on his control of the state apparatus and financial flows in Moldova, is not interested in a structural transformation of the country or in implementing any thorough reforms; this includes the Association Agreement with the EU. This means that as his significance grows, the symbolic actions so far taken with the aim of a structural transformation of the country will become even more superficial. -
The Russian Laundromat – a $70 Billion Money-Laundering Scheme Facilitated by Moldovan Political Elites
The Russian Laundromat – a $70 billion money-laundering scheme facilitated by Moldovan political elites Authors: Sergiu Tofilat, Community WatchDog.MD Veaceslav Negruta, Transparency International Moldova Chisinau, June 2019 Abbreviations AML Anti-money laundering NAC National Anticorruption Center NBM National Bank of Moldova OPFML Office for Prevention and Fight against Money Laundering SCM Supreme Council of Magistracy SCS Supreme Council of Security Executive summary In 2014, public opinion worldwide was staggered by revelations of a massive money laundering scheme in Eastern Europe published by the investigative journalists from OCCRP and dubbed the “Russian Laundromat”1. During 2010-2014, billions of US dollars from Russian banks were laundered through Moldovan banks, using illicit court rulings on defaulted fake debts. The laundered funds were further transferred to a group of shell companies having accounts in Western banks. Although law enforcement officers from Moldova pretend to have tracked down $20 billion of suspicious money, publicly available evidence shows that the real amount of laundered funds amounted to as much as $70 billion. Not a single person from the Moldovan banking supervisory or prosecution authorities has been sentenced so far for allowing this to take place on their watch. Moreover, several individuals directly involved were recently promoted to the Constitutional Court. This research summarizes the arguments on how Moldovan supervisory and prosecution authorities, captured by and subordinated to certain political elites, knowingly turned a blind eye on suspicious activities, while the Parliament and the Constitutional Court approved legislative changes to facilitate the money laundering scheme. 1. How the money was moved from Russia to Moldova and onward The laundered Russian money may have come from unsecured bank loans, fictitious acquisitions related to government contracts, misappropriation of funds from the Russian treasury, tax evasion and smuggling. -
ADEPT Political Commentaries
ADEPT Political Commentaries September-December 2004 Concerns on the eve of elections Igor Botan, 15 September 2004 Democracy and governing in Moldova e-journal, II year, no. 37, August 30 - September 12, 2004 With the launch of the fall political season analysts and media alike engaged in assessing preparations for parliamentary elections. According to their estimates, elections might be held late May or even June next year. The source for such predictions is the Constitution itself. Paragraph 3 Article 61 of the Constitution provides that "election of Parliament members will be started not later than 3 months from the end of the previous mandate or from the dissolution of the previous Parliament". Article 63 specifies that "the mandate of the current Parliament may be extended until the structure of the new Parliament has been completed and the latter can meet in full session" that according to the same article is held "within at most 30 days from election day". That is why it is considered that Parliament mandate commences on the day of its first session. Given that the last parliamentary elections were held on February 25, while the Parliament was convened on a first session via a Presidential Decree on March 20, 2001, it is expected that parliamentary elections would be held sometime during the three months March 21 - June 21, 2005. This estimation is logical and at the first glance seems accurate. Arguments cited by those who claim election date would be set for the end of May or even June cite, derive from the supposed interests of the ruling party. -
1 DEZBATERI PARLAMENTARE Parlamentul Republicii Moldova De
DEZBATERI PARLAMENTARE Parlamentul Republicii Moldova de legislatura a XIX-a SESIUNEA a VII-a ORDINARĂ – NOIEMBRIE 2013 Ședința din ziua de 22 noiembrie 2013 (STENOGRAMA) SUMAR 1. Declararea ședinței ca fiind deliberativă. (Onorarea Drapelului de Stat al Republicii Moldova.) 2. Dezbateri asupra ordinii de zi și aprobarea ei. 3. Dezbaterea și adoptarea în lectura a doua a proiectului de Lege nr.299 din 3 iulie 2013 pentru modificarea și completarea Legii nr.297-XIV din 24 februarie 1999 cu privire la adaptarea socială a persoanelor eliberate din locurile de detenție (art.1, 4, 11 ș.a.). 4. Dezbaterea și aprobarea în primă lectură a proiectului de Lege nr.437 din 5 noiembrie 2013 pentru modificarea și completarea Codului contravențional al Republicii Moldova nr.218-XVI din 24 octombrie 2008 (art.2911, 2912, 2933 ș.a.). 5. Dezbaterea, aprobarea în primă lectură și adoptarea în lectura a doua a proiectului de Lege nr.464 din 19 noiembrie 2013 pentru modificarea anexei nr.2 la Legea bugetului de stat pe anul 2013 nr.249 din 2 noiembrie 2013. 6. Dezbaterea și aprobarea în primă lectură a proiectului de Lege nr.259 din 14 iunie 2013 privind fondurile de pensii facultative. 7. Prezentarea și dezbaterea Raportului asupra administrării și întrebuințării resurselor financiare publice și a patrimoniului public pe anul 2012. Proiectul nr.2305 din 9 octombrie 2013. (Raportor – Serafim Urechean, președintele Curții de Conturi.) S-a propus întreruperea dezbaterilor și s-a votat cu majoritatea voturilor. 8. Dezbaterea și aprobarea în primă lectură a proiectului de Lege nr.1239 din 7 iunie 2012 pentru modificarea și completarea Legii nr.139 din 2 iulie 2010 privind dreptul de autor și drepturile conexe 9. -
Studia Politica 1 2016
www.ssoar.info Republic of Moldova: the year 2015 in politics Goșu, Armand Veröffentlichungsversion / Published Version Zeitschriftenartikel / journal article Empfohlene Zitierung / Suggested Citation: Goșu, A. (2016). Republic of Moldova: the year 2015 in politics. Studia Politica: Romanian Political Science Review, 16(1), 21-51. https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0168-ssoar-51666-3 Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Dieser Text wird unter einer CC BY-NC-ND Lizenz This document is made available under a CC BY-NC-ND Licence (Namensnennung-Nicht-kommerziell-Keine Bearbeitung) zur (Attribution-Non Comercial-NoDerivatives). For more Information Verfügung gestellt. Nähere Auskünfte zu den CC-Lizenzen finden see: Sie hier: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.de Republic of Moldova The Year 2015 in Politics ARMAND GO ȘU Nothing will be the same from now on. 2015 is not only a lost, failed year, it is a loop in which Moldova is stuck without hope. It is the year of the “theft of the century”, the defrauding of three banks, the Savings Bank, Unibank, and the Social Bank, a theft totaling one billion dollars, under the benevolent gaze of the National Bank, the Ministry of Finance, the General Prosecutor's Office, the National Anti-Corruption Council, and the Security and Intelligence Service (SIS). 2015 was the year when controversial oligarch Vlad Plakhotniuk became Moldova's international brand, identified by more and more chancelleries as a source of evil 1. But 2015 is also the year of budding hope that civil society is awakening, that the political scene is evolving not only for the worse, but for the better too, that in the public square untarnished personalities would appear, new and charismatic figures around which one could build an alternative to the present political parties. -
1 DEZBATERI PARLAMENTARE Parlamentul Republicii Moldova De
DEZBATERI PARLAMENTARE Parlamentul Republicii Moldova de legislatura a XIX-a SESIUNEA a VII-a ORDINARĂ – SEPTEMBRIE 2013 Ședința din ziua de 26 septembrie 2013 (STENOGRAMA) SUMAR 1. Declararea deschiderii sesiunii de toamnă și a ședinței plenare. Intonarea Imnului de Stat al Republicii Moldova. (Intonarea Imnului de Stat al Republicii Moldova și onorarea Drapelului de Stat al Republicii Moldova.) 2. Luare de cuvînt din partea Fracțiunii parlamentare a Partidului Comuniștilor din Republica Moldova – domnul Vladimir Voronin. 3. Luare de cuvînt din partea Fracțiunii parlamentare a Partidului Liberal Democrat din Moldova – domnul Valeriu Streleț. 4. Luare de cuvînt din partea Fracțiunii parlamentare a Partidului Democrat din Moldova – domnul Dumitru Diacov. 5. Luare de cuvînt din partea Fracțiunii parlamentare a Partidului Liberal – domnul Ion Hadârcă. 6. Dezbateri asupra ordinii de zi și aprobarea ei. 7. Dezbaterea, aprobarea în primă lectură și adoptarea în lectura a doua a proiectului de Lege nr.341 din 15 iulie 2013 pentru ratificarea Convenției Consiliului Europei privind accesul la documentele oficiale. 8. Dezbaterea, aprobarea în primă lectură și adoptarea în lectura a doua a proiectului de Lege nr.343 din 26 iulie 2013 pentru ratificarea Acordului cu privire la colaborarea în domeniul pregătirii specialiștilor subdiviziunilor antiteroriste în instituțiile de învățămînt ale organelor competente ale statelor membre ale Comunității Statelor Independente. 9. Dezbaterea și aprobarea în primă lectură a proiectului Codului transporturilor rutiere. Proiectul nr.267 din 14 iunie 2013. 10. Dezbaterea proiectului de Lege nr.352 din 2 septembrie 2013 cu privire la locuințe. În urma dezbaterilor, s-a luat decizia de a transfera proiectul pînă la pregătirea raportului comisiei. -
Republica Moldova. N-Ar Fi Rău Să Fie Bine
RepUblIca MolDova N-ar fi rău să fie bIne RepUblIca moLdoVa N-ar fi rău să fie bIne O colecție de articole, interviuri, emisiuni podcast realizate în cadrul proiectului Moldova-Romania. A network of stories, derulat între septembrie 2018-iunie 2019 de către Asociația de Investigații Media în Balcani – BIRN Romania. E-bookul rezultat în urma acestui proiect își propune să ofere publicului din Republica Moldova și România informație și analiză de context pe o serie de teme de comun interes, din politică, economie, societate. Nu în ultimul rând, sperăm să ajute la o mai bună înțelegere a realităților de dincolo de Prut de către publicul român. Proiectul Moldova-Romania. A network of stories a fost derulat cu sprijin financiar de la The Black Sea Trust for Regi- onal Cooperation – A project of the German Marshall Fund. Opiniile exprimate în cadrul proiectului nu reflectă neapărat poziția The Black Sea Trust sau a partenerilor săi BotcalA moldoVenească ÎN LOC DE INTRODUCERE entru cine nu știe, să spunem întâi de toate că botcală este cuvântul folosit în Republica Moldova pentru drojdia din care se Pfăcea pâinea ”în vremea buneilor”. După ce fermenta vinul, se culegea spuma iar aceasta se amesta cu făina de porumb, după care se usca. Iar apoi, desigur, se folosea ca plămadă pentru făcut pâine. Am zis să folosim acest cuvânt - unul arhaic și plin de semnificații, fără discuție - pentru a încerca să explicăm cum a ”dospit aluatul” proiectului ce a dus la apariția volumului electronic (e-book) pe care îl aveți în față. Întâi de toate, ar fi vorba de o formă de exasperare. -
Winds of Change in the Transnistrian Settlement Process HIIA PAPERS Series of the Hungarian Institute of International Affairs
HIIA Papers T-2012/1 ZSUZSANNA VÉGH Winds of Change in the Transnistrian Settlement Process HIIA PAPERS Series of the Hungarian Institute of International Affairs Publisher: Hungarian Institute of International Affairs Editor and typesetting: Andrea Tevelyné Kulcsár Editorial office: H-1016 Budapest, Bérc utca 13-15. Tel.: +36 1 279-5700 Fax: +36 1 279-5701 E-mail: [email protected] www.kulugyiintezet.hu www.hiia.hu © Zsuzsanna Végh, 2012 © Hungarian Institute of International Affairs, 2012 ISSN 2060-5013 Zsuzsanna Végh Winds of Change A RESOLV A BLE CONFLI C T A T THE BO R DE R S OF THE EU R OPE A N UNION he Transnistrian conflict is often referred to as the most easily resolvable territorial conflict in the neighbourhood of the European Union (EU). The reason is the Tnature of the conflict. For one, there has been no violence since the Transnistrian war in 1992 between the Republic of Moldova and Transnistria, the separatist entity and it is very unlikely that any violent clash would occur in the future. For two, as opposed to other territorial conflicts in the post-Soviet space, the conflict between Moldova and Transnistria is not based on ethnic differences. Both Moldova and Transnistria are ethnically mixed, there is no ethnic violence between Moldovans, Russians and Ukrainians, and the inhabitants of both territories generally have multiple citizenships. The resolution, nonetheless, despite several attempts, is still only a distant goal. The EU became engaged in the resolution of the Transnistrian conflict in 2005 through the so-called ‘5+2 talks’ which got to a halt in 2006. -
Opinia Separată a Judecătorului Constituţional
Victor PUŞCAŞ Valeriu KUCIUK OPINIA SEPARATĂ A JUDECĂTORULUI CONSTITUŢIONAL Sinteză de jurisprudenţă constituţională cu comentarii (23.02.2001-23.02.2013) „Opinia separată a judecătorului constituțional, este un indicator al independenţei şi responsabilităţii” Victor PUȘCAȘ Lucrarea a fost aprobată şi recomandată pentru editare de Consiliul ştiinţific al Asociaţiei Obşteşti „Congresul Democraţiei Constituţionale” (Procesul-verbal nr.7 din 20.11.2020) Autori: Victor PUŞCAŞ, Doctor în drept, Conferenţiar universitar, Ex-preşedinte al Curţii Constituţionale a Republicii Moldova Valeriu KUCIUK, Doctor în drept, Lector universitar, Avocat. Monografia „OPINIA SEPARATĂ a JUDECĂTORULUI CONSTITUŢIONAL: indicator al independenţei şi responsabilităţii” este o sinteză de jurisprudenţă constituţională strict întemeiată pe studiu de caz comentat. Lucrarea poate servi sursă de cercetare, dar şi călăuză/îndrumar practic, inclusiv pentru studenţi şi cercetători a dreptului constituţional din Republica Moldova. Descrierea CIP a Camerei Naţionale a Cărţii © Victor PUŞCAŞ, Doctor în drept, Conferenţiar universitar © Valeriu KUCIUK, Doctor în drept, Lector universitar Toate drepturile asupra prezentei ediţii aparţin autorilor. Nici o parte din acest volum nu poate fi copiată sau reprodusă fără acordul scris al autorilor. CUPRINS DEDICAȚIE ȘI MULȚUMIRI ......................................................................10 CUVÎNT ÎNAINTE ........................................................................................11 Scrisoare – felicitare de la -
Honouring of Obligations and Commitments by the Republic of Moldova
AS/Mon(2012)03 rev 14 March 2012 amondoc03r_2012 or. Engl. Committee on the Honouring of Obligations and Commitments by Member States of the Council of Europe (Monitoring Committee) Honouring of obligations and commitments by the Republic of Moldova Information note by the co-rapporteurs on their fact-finding visit to Chisinau (28 November – 1 December 2011) 1 Co-rapporteurs: Ms Lise CHRISTOFFERSEN, Norway, Socialist group, and Mr Piotr WACH, Poland, Group of the European People’s Party 1 This information note has been made public by decision of the Monitoring Committee dated 13 March 2012. F – 67075 Strasbourg Cedex | e-mail: [email protected] | Tel: + 33 3 88 41 2000 | Fax: +33 3 88 41 2733 AS/Mon(2012)03rev I. Introduction 1. After a first visit to Chisinau and Comrat in March 2011 (see doc. AS/Mon (2011) 13 rev), we paid a second fact-finding visit to the Republic of Moldova from 28 November to 1 December 2011. The programme of the visit is appended. We intended to address the implementation of Resolution 1572 (2007) on The honouring of obligations and commitments by Moldova, Resolutions 1666 (2009) and 1692 (2009) on The functioning of democratic institutions , the state of play of the election of the President of the Republic, and other current issues, such as the reform of the judiciary, the action taken to combat corruption and organised crime, the legislation and measures to combat discrimination and the latest developments in Transnistria. 2. The support of the Moldovan delegation to the PACE, the Moldovan parliament, and Mr Ulvi Akhundlu, Head of the Council of Europe Office in Chisinau, was again precious for facilitating our meetings, including with the acting President and Speaker, Mr Marian Lupu, the Prime Minister, Mr Filat, the Minister of Foreign Affairs, Mr Leanca, the Vice-Speaker of the parliament, Mr Plahotniuc, high-level representatives of the judiciary and enforcement bodies, representatives of the media and NGOs. -
Public Opinion Survey Residents of Moldova
Public Opinion Survey Residents of Moldova March 2016 Detailed Methodology • The survey was coordinated and analyzed by Dr. Rasa Ališauskienė from public opinion and market research company Baltic Surveys/The Gallup Organization on behalf of the International Republican Institute. The field work was carried out by Magenta Consulting. • Data was collected throughout Moldova (except in Transnistria) between March 11-25, 2016 through face-to-face interviews at respondents’ homes. • The main sample consisted of 1,500 permanent residents of Moldova older than the age of 18 and eligible to vote with an oversample in the capital Chisinau. It is representative of the general population by age, gender, education, region and size of the settlement. • Multistage probability sampling method was used with the random route and next birthday respondent’s selection procedures. • Stage one: all districts of Moldova are grouped into 11 groups. All regions of Moldova were surveyed. • Stage two: selection of the settlements: cities and villages. o Settlements were selected at random. o The number of selected settlements in each region was proportional to the share of population living in a particular type of the settlement in each region. • Stage three: primary sampling units were described. • The margin of error does not exceed plus or minus 2.8 percent. • Response rate was 50 percent. • Charts and graphs may not add up to 100 percent due to rounding. • The survey was funded by the National Endowment for Democracy. 2 Overwhelming Dissatisfaction with Status -
Public Opinion Survey Residents of Moldova
Public Opinion Survey Residents of Moldova September 2016 Detailed Methodology • The survey was coordinated by Dr. Rasa Ališauskienė from the public opinion and market research company, Baltic Surveys/The Gallup Organization on behalf of the International Republican Institute. The field work was carried out by Magenta Consulting. • Data was collected throughout Moldova (with the exception of Transnistria) between September 1–23, 2016 through face- to-face interviews at respondents’ homes. • The main sample consisted of 1,516 permanent residents of Moldova older than the age of 18 and eligible to vote. The survey also contained an oversample in the capital of Chisinau. It is representative of the general population by age, gender, education, region and size of the settlement. • Multistage probability sampling method was used with the random route and next birthday respondent’s selection procedures. • Stage One: All districts of Moldova are grouped into 11 groups. All regions of Moldova were surveyed. • Stage Two: Selection of the settlements – cities and villages. o Settlements were selected at random. o The number of selected settlements in each region was proportional to the share of population living in a particular type of the settlement in each region. • Stage Three: Primary sampling units were described. • The margin of error does not exceed plus or minus 2.8 percent. • The response rate was 61 percent. • Charts and graphs may not add up to 100 percent due to rounding. • The survey was funded by the National Endowment for Democracy.