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Identification and Phylogenetic Characterization of Select Species of Buprestidae (Coleoptera) and Sesiidae (Lepidoptera) Wood B

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Identification and Phylogenetic Characterization of Select Species of Buprestidae (Coleoptera) and Sesiidae (Lepidoptera) Wood B University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 5-2010 IDENTIFICATION AND PHYLOGENETIC CHARACTERIZATION OF SELECT SPECIES OF BUPRESTIDAE (COLEOPTERA) AND SESIIDAE (LEPIDOPTERA) WOOD BORING INSECT FAMILIES OCCURING ACROSS THE SOUTHEASTERN UNITED STATES. Jason A. Hansen University of Tennessee - Knoxville, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss Part of the Entomology Commons Recommended Citation Hansen, Jason A., "IDENTIFICATION AND PHYLOGENETIC CHARACTERIZATION OF SELECT SPECIES OF BUPRESTIDAE (COLEOPTERA) AND SESIIDAE (LEPIDOPTERA) WOOD BORING INSECT FAMILIES OCCURING ACROSS THE SOUTHEASTERN UNITED STATES.. " PhD diss., University of Tennessee, 2010. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/696 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a dissertation written by Jason A. Hansen entitled "IDENTIFICATION AND PHYLOGENETIC CHARACTERIZATION OF SELECT SPECIES OF BUPRESTIDAE (COLEOPTERA) AND SESIIDAE (LEPIDOPTERA) WOOD BORING INSECT FAMILIES OCCURING ACROSS THE SOUTHEASTERN UNITED STATES.." I have examined the final electronic copy of this dissertation for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, with a major in Plants, Soils, and Insects. John Kevin Moulton and William E. Klingeman, Major Professor We have read this dissertation and recommend its acceptance: John Kevin Moulton, William E. Klingeman, Mark T. Windham and Jason B. Oliver Accepted for the Council: Carolyn R. Hodges Vice Provost and Dean of the Graduate School (Original signatures are on file with official studentecor r ds.) To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a dissertation written by Jason Andrew Hansen entitled “Identification and phylogenetic characterization of select species of Buprestidae (Coleoptera) and Sesiidae (Lepidoptera) wood boring insect families occurring across the southeastern United States.” I have examined the final electronic copy of this dissertation for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, with a major in Plants, Soils and Insects. John K. Moulton Co-major Professor William E. Klingeman Co-major Professor We have read this dissertation and recommend its acceptance: Mark T. Windham Jason B. Oliver Accepted for the Council: Carolyn R. Hodges Vice Provost and Dean of the Graduate School (Original signatures are on file with official student records.) IDENTIFICATION AND PHYLOGENETIC CHARACTERIZATION OF SELECT SPECIES OF BUPRESTIDAE (COLEOPTERA) AND SESIIDAE (LEPIDOPTERA) WOOD BORING INSECT FAMILIES OCCURING ACROSS THE SOUTHEASTERN UNITED STATES. A Dissertation Presented for the Doctor of Philosophy Degree The University of Tennessee, Knoxville Jason Andrew Hansen May 2010 © 2010 Jason A. Hansen ii To Meg, Aspen, Joel and Charlotte iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank my committee members Kevin Moulton, Bill Klingeman, Jason Oliver and Mark Windham for their advice and help during my graduate experience at the University of Tennessee. I am especially grateful for my two advisors Bill Klingeman and Kevin Moulton for their patience and help as I grew in the field of entomology and molecular systematics. I would be remiss to forget my undergraduate entomology professor, Richard Baumann, whose “Introduction to Entomology” class in the basement of the Bean Museum at Brigham Young University first captured my interest in insects. I must also thank the many people who taught me the excitement of discovery. Malabi Venkatesan, Jay Vatsan and Ryan Ranallo all contributed to my understanding of basic molecular techniques as I worked under their tutalege at the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research. The knowledge I gained from them formed the foundation that helped me to complete this work. I am indebted to the many others who helped provide much needed specimens to complete the molecular portion of this work: Josh Basham, Chris Bergh, David Boyd, Daniel Carnagey, Juang-Horng Chong, Ted Cottrell, Michelle Gorman, Linda and Tim Hansen, Ronald Huber, David Kain, Tracy Leskey, Catharine Mannion, Richard Merriment, Mike Reding, Glen Salsbury, Paul Super, Linda Treeful, John Walas, Jim Walgenbach, Stan Wellso, Rick Westcott and Nadeer Youssef. Their cooperation and selfless service were more than I could have asked for. iv I would also like to thank Adriean Mayor for access to the Great Smoky Mountains National Park insect collection and his kind encouragement. Stan Wellso, Richard Westcott, Henry Hespenheide and Thomas Echlin all helped unflinchingly with identifications and advice. Corresponding with them was one of the highlights of my time as a graduate student. I must include in this an acknowledgement of my dear parents for watching over me as a child and supporting my education both financially and with words of encouragement. I appreciate my mother for her sacrifice and caring. As I look back, I understand just how much she gave for her children. I am grateful for my father’s example. With three children, he worked through two graduate degrees, first at Rice University and then at Ohio State University. He has continued to inspire me with his love of learning even well into retirement. I would also like to acknowledge my mother- in-law, Jeanne Douglas, who at the age of fifty-five went back to school to earn her undergraduate degree, with honors. She is proof that you are never too old to go back to school and pursue what you love. Finally, I’d like to thank my wife Meg to whom this work is dedicated. Without her willingness to postpone her own educational aspirations, I would never have been able to accomplish what I have. She is my superior in every way I can imagine and yet she still sticks around. I am truly grateful for her love, encouragement and the hard work and sacrifice she has done to make this degree possible for me. I look forward to many future adventures with her as my companion. v ABSTRACT A brief overview of the importance of wood boring insects is provided. Background on the two wood boring insect families Buprestidae (Coleoptera) and Sesiidae (Lepidoptera) is given. Keys and checklists to Tennessee’s buprestid fauna as presently known are furnished. Photomicrographs depicting characteristics separating Tennessee buprestid taxa to the level of species are provided for select couplets to aid those unfamiliar with buprestid morphology and terminology. Distribution and flight data of many species within the state are also featured. Results of a phylogenetic analysis of the Chrysobothris femorata (Olivier) species complex is presented based on the nuclear gene arginine kinase and the mitochondrial gene cox I. Implications of the resultant phylogenies are discussed. Phylogenetic relationships with the economically important sesiid tribe Synanthedonini are explored using cox I gene sequences. The cox I tree inferred provides interesting new insight into some ambiguous evolutionary relationships. Morphological characters that are used to distinguish genera within Synanthedonini are discussed and compared with the molecular data. vi TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER page 1 INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................... 1 Literature Cited ........................................................................................................ 16 2 METALLIC WOOD BORING BEETLES (COLEOPTERA: BUPRESTIDAE) OF TENNESSEE ........................................................................................................... 30 Abstract .................................................................................................................... 31 Introduction .............................................................................................................. 31 Checklist of TN Actenodes ...................................................................................... 42 Checklist of TN Chrysobothris ................................................................................ 42 Checklist of TN Phaenops ....................................................................................... 48 Checklist of TN Anthaxia ........................................................................................ 49 Checklist of TN Agrilaxia ........................................................................................ 50 Checklist of TN Buprestis ........................................................................................ 51 Checklist of TN Chalcophora .................................................................................. 53 Checklist of TN Texania .......................................................................................... 54 Checklist of TN Spectralia ...................................................................................... 55 Checklist of TN Poecilonota ................................................................................... 55 Checklist of TN Dicerca .........................................................................................
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