DOCSLIB.ORG

Battle of Tippecanoe Definition

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Battle of Tippecanoe Definition Battle of tippecanoe definition Continue The 19th-century war is the latest charge between the U.S. military and Indians distributed to Indians by Alonzo Chappel in the American Indian Wars and Tecumseh's War19th-century depiction of Kipecanoe on Indiana soil[1] on November 7, 1811LocationNear Battlefield, Tippecanoe County, Indiana40°30′22N 86°50′42W / 40.506°N 86.845°W / 40.506; -86.845Coordinates: 40°30′22N 86°50′42W / 40.506°N 86.845°W / 40.506; -86.845Recent United States tactical victory[2]Fighting gerents Tecumseh's Confederate United States Commanders and leaders Tenskwatawa William Henry HarrisonStrength 500-700 fighter 250 infantry, 90 cavalry, 700 militia casualties and casualties Unknown Estimated 50-65 killed and 7 0-80 injured 62 dead, 126 injured IndianaBattle of Tippecanoe (United States) in IndianaShow map Location Tippecanoe (/ TTK/ TIP-ee-kə- NOO) United States War map show on November 7, 1811 battle ground, Indiana Governor William Henry Harrison is among the American forces led by Indian forces associated with the Indiana Territories and Shawnee leader Tecumseh and his brother Tenskwatawa (commonly known as the Prophet), leaders of a confederation of various tribes opposed to American Western European settlements. As tension surged and violence escalated, Governor Harrison marched with an army of about 1,000 people to attack confederate headquarters in Prophetstown, at the intersection of the Tippecanoe River and the Wabash River. Tecumseh was not yet ready to force his way up against the United States, and when Harrison's army arrived, he was gathering allies. Tenskwatawa was a spiritual leader, but not a soldier. Harrison camped near Prophetstown on November 6 and arranged to meet with Tenskwatawa the next day. But in the early hours of the next morning, fighters from Prophetstown attacked Harrison's army. They surprised the army, but Harrison and his men stayed up for more than two hours. The Indians were pushed back when their ammunition was reduced. After the war, they left Prophetstown and Harrison's men burned him, destroying food supplies stored for the winter. The soldiers then returned home. Harrison achieved his goal of destroying Prophetstown and declared a definite victory. Harrison won the 1840 presidential election, and his campaign song Tippecanoe and Tyler Tooda were nicknamed the popular Tippecanoe. Defeat was a setback for Tecumseh's confederation, which never fully recovered. [3] [4] The Americans blamed British interference in American affairs because they provided financial support and ammunition to the Indians. This led to further deterioration of relations with the UK and was a catalyst The War of 1812, which began six months later. The United States declared war on Britain in June 1812, and Tecumseh's confederation was ready to start a war against the United States in alliance with the British. In preparation, the Indians rebuilt Prophetstown. Tecumseh and his chief war chief Roundhead were killed during the Battle of the Thames in 1813. Background Main article: Tecumseh's War painted by Rembrandt Peale as William Henry Harrison in 1814 when William Henry Harrison was appointed governor of the newly formed Indiana Territory in 1800 and he tried to provide the title to the area for the settlement. In particular, he hoped the Indiana District would attract enough settlers to qualify for state. On September 30, 1809, Miami signed numerous land cessions with Native Americans, including the Treaty of Fort Wayne, in which Pottawatomie, Lenape and other tribal leaders sold 3,000,000 acres (about 12,000 sq km) to the United States. [5] [6] Tecumseh had been leading a religious movement among the northwestern tribes in 1848 by Benson Lossing, based on tenskwatawa's drawing by Charles Bird King, known as the Prophet of Tenskwatawa in about 1820 and calling for a return to the ways of his ancestors. His brother, Tecumseh, was very angry at the Treaty of Fort Wayne and revived an idea previously advocated by Shawnee leader Blue Jacket and Mohawk leader Joseph Brant, stating that Indian territory is common to all tribes and that the land cannot be sold without agreement by all tribes. [5] [7] Tecumseh was not ready to face the United States directly and realized that he was opposed by the Indian leaders who signed the agreement. He threatened to kill all those who fulfilled the terms of the treaty and his disciples, and traveled a lot, urged fighters to abandon their chiefs and join his resistance in Prophetstown, insisting the Fort Wayne agreement was illegitimate. [8] In 1810, he met with Governor Harrison and asked Harrison to void the deal, and warned that settlers should not try to close the land sold in the agreement. Harrison rejected their demands and insisted that the tribes could have individual relations with the United States. [9] Tecumseh warned him that if fighting broke out, he would form an alliance with the British. [10] There was months of tension between the United States and Britain as a result of Britain's interference in American trade with France. In early 1810, British agents tried to form an alliance with the Indians to help Canada defend it, but the Indians were reluctant to accept their offer, fearing they had little to take advantage of such a deal. [5] In August 1811, Tecumseh met harrison again in Vincennes. He assured Harrison that the Shawnee brothers should remain at peace with the United States. [9] Tecumseh later traveled to the Southeast to gather allies among the Five Civilized Tribes. Many of the Southern tribes rejected his objections, but a faction of the People of Creek responded to the call to arms and became known as the Red Sticks. They led a civil war between factions divided over the Battle of Creek, the ups and downs of some American ways. This was part of the War of 1812, when the Red Rods opposed the United States. [11] [12] Shortly after a meeting with Tecumseh, Harrison left the area for a job in Kentucky, and secretary John Gibson served as acting governor. Gibson lived among the Miami tribe for many years and quickly learned tecumseh's plans for war. He immediately called in militias in the area and sent emergency letters urging Harrison to return. [11] Most of the militia regiments were formed in mid-September, and Harrison returned with a small army-goer's force and took command. He had already communicated with his tops in Washington, D.C., and was authorized to march against the confederacy in a show of force in the hope that his members would accept peace. [13] [14] Harrison gathered scattered militia companies in Fort Knox, near a settlement in Maria Creek, north of Vincennes. [15] [16] [17] He joined the Indiana Rangers in addition to his bright yellow coats, along with a 60-strong company called Yellow Jackets from Corydon, Indiana. [note 1] The force of about 1,000 people arrived in Terre Haute, Indiana, on October 4[14] where they camped and built Fort Harrison while waiting for supplies to be delivered. A reconnaissance team in a Yellow Jacket was ambushed by the Indians on October 10, and several casualties were reported. The Americans stopped looking for food, and supplies began to decline rapidly. Until October 19, officers cut off supplies and the men survived with low thinging until October 28, when fresh supplies arrived on the Wabash River from Vincennes. With the army re-supplied, Harrison continued to advance to Prophetstown on October 29. [18] [19] War Read more: Harrison's forces of war approached The Prophetstown late on November 6 in order of Tippecanoe and were greeted by tenskwatawa followers waving the white flag. He sent a message from Tenskwatawa demanding a ceasefire until the next day, when the two sides could hold a peaceful meeting. Harrison agreed to a meeting, but was wary of Tenskwatawa's overture, believing the talks would be futile. He moved his army up a hill at the intersection of the Wabash and Tippecanoe rivers. He camped out his men in the war series and kept the night watch men on duty. [20] The layout of the battlefield was on the west side of the Burnett Creek hill, and a very steep set was on the east side, so Harrison did not order temporary work around the position, as is normally done by the camp armies. [21] The Yellow Jacket company, under the command of Captain Spier Spencer, was located at the southern end of the camp, and the rest of the militia formed a rectangular formation along the edges of the bluff surrounding the camp. Lt. Col. Joseph Bartholomew commanded the Indiana militia, which guarded the steep bluff on the eastern side of the formation, and was regular behind the main line under Major Floyd, Major Joseph Hamilton Daveiss and former congressman Capt. Benjamin Parke, and the Dragons were kept in reserve. [13] [22] Tenskwatawa told Michigan Gov. Lewis Cass in 1816 that he had not ordered his fighters to attack Harrison, and accused ho-chunk (Winnebago) fighters in the camp of launching the attack. Other narrations accuse Ho-Chunk of encouraging the attack and assect that Tenskwatawa was unable to control his followers as he was in a panic. [23] Tenskwatawa's followers were concerned by the nearby army and feared an near attack. They started defending the town, but they couldn't complete their defenses. Earlier in the evening, Tenskwatawa decided that sending a party to kill Harrison in his tent was the best way to avoid war. He assured the warriors that he would cast spells to prevent them from being harmed and why harrison would not fight back against his army.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Military History Anniversaries 16 Thru 30 November
    Military History Anniversaries 16 thru 30 November Events in History over the next 15 day period that had U.S. military involvement or impacted in some way on U.S military operations or American interests Nov 16 1776 – American Revolution: British and Hessian units capture Fort Washington from the Patriots. Nearly 3,000 Patriots were taken prisoner, and valuable ammunition and supplies were lost to the Hessians. The prisoners faced a particularly grim fate: Many later died from deprivation and disease aboard British prison ships anchored in New York Harbor. Nov 16 1776 – American Revolution: The United Provinces (Low Countries) recognize the independence of the United States. Nov 16 1776 – American Revolution: The first salute of an American flag (Grand Union Flag) by a foreign power is rendered by the Dutch at St. Eustatius, West Indies in reply to a salute by the Continental ship Andrew Doria. Nov 16 1798 – The warship Baltimore is halted by the British off Havana, intending to impress Baltimore's crew who could not prove American citizenship. Fifty-five seamen are imprisoned though 50 are later freed. Nov 16 1863 – Civil War: Battle of Campbell's Station near Knoxville, Tennessee - Confederate troops unsuccessfully attack Union forces. Casualties and losses: US 316 - CSA 174. Nov 16 1914 – WWI: A small group of intellectuals led by the physician Georg Nicolai launch Bund Neues Vaterland, the New Fatherland League in Germany. One of the league’s most active supporters was Nicolai’s friend, the great physicist Albert Einstein. 1 Nov 16 1941 – WWII: Creed of Hate - Joseph Goebbels publishes in the German magazine Das Reich that “The Jews wanted the war, and now they have it”—referring to the Nazi propaganda scheme to shift the blame for the world war onto European Jewry, thereby giving the Nazis a rationalization for the so-called Final Solution.
    [Show full text]
  • Indiana Magazine of History
    INDIANA MAGAZINE OF HISTORY VOLUMEXXV DECEMBER, 1929 NUMBER4 The Burr Conspiracy In Indiana* By ISAACJ. Cox Indiana in the days of the Burr Conspiracy embraced a much larger area than today-at least technically. It extend- ed westward from the boundary of the recently-created state of Ohio to the Mississippi. The white settlements within this area were, it is true, few and scattering. The occasional clearings within the forests were almost wholly occupied by Indians slowly receding before the advance of a civilization that was too powerful for them. But sparse as was the popu- lation of the frontier territory when first created, its infini- tesimal average per square mile had been greatly lowered in 1804, for Congress had bestowed upon its governor the ad- ministration of that part of Louisiana that lay above the thirty-third parallel. As thus constituted, it was a region of boundless aspira- tions-a fitting stage for two distinguished travelers who journeyed through it the following year. Within its extended confines near the mouth of the Ohio lay Fort Massac, where in June, '1805, Burr held his mysterious interview with Wilkinson,' and also the cluster of French settlements from which William Morrison, the year before, had attempted to open trading relations with Santa Fe2-a project in which Wilkinson was to follow him. It was here that Willrinson, the second of this sinister pair, received from his predecessor a letter warning him against political factions in his new juris- diction.a By this act Governor Harrison emphasized not only his own personal experiences, but also the essential connection of the area with Hoosierdom.
    [Show full text]
  • Military History Anniversaries 16 Thru 30 November
    Military History Anniversaries 16 thru 30 November Events in History over the next 15 day period that had U.S. military involvement or impacted in some way on U.S military operations or American interests Nov 16 1776 – American Revolution: Hessians capture Fort Washington » During the Revolutionary War, Lieutenant General Wilhelm von Knyphausen and a force of 3,000 Hessian mercenaries lay siege to Fort Washington on Long Island. Throughout the morning, Knyphausen met stiff resistance from the Patriot riflemen inside, but by the afternoon the Americans were overwhelmed, and the garrison commander, Colonel Robert Magaw, surrendered. Valuable ammunition and supplies were lost to the Hessians and 2,818 Americans were taken prisoner. The prisoners faced a particularly grim fate. Many later died from deprivation and disease aboard British prison ships anchored in New York Harbor. Among the 53 dead and 96 wounded Patriots were John and Margaret Corbin of Virginia. When John died in action, his wife Margaret took over his cannon, cleaning, loading and firing the gun until she too was severely wounded. The first woman known to have fought for the Continental Army, Margaret survived, but lost the use of her left arm. Two weeks earlier, William Demont had deserted from the Fifth Pennsylvania Battalion and given British intelligence agents information about the Patriot defense of New York, including information about the location and defense of Fort Washington. Demont was the first traitor to the Patriot cause, and his treason contributed significantly to Knyphausen’s victory. Nov 16 1776 – American Revolution: The United Provinces recognize the independence of the United States.
    [Show full text]
  • Zachary Taylor 1 Zachary Taylor
    Zachary Taylor 1 Zachary Taylor Zachary Taylor 12th President of the United States In office [1] March 4, 1849 – July 9, 1850 Vice President Millard Fillmore Preceded by James K. Polk Succeeded by Millard Fillmore Born November 24, 1784Barboursville, Virginia Died July 9, 1850 (aged 65)Washington, D.C. Nationality American Political party Whig Spouse(s) Margaret Smith Taylor Children Ann Mackall Taylor Sarah Knox Taylor Octavia Pannill Taylor Margaret Smith Taylor Mary Elizabeth (Taylor) Bliss Richard Taylor Occupation Soldier (General) Religion Episcopal Signature Military service Nickname(s) Old Rough and Ready Allegiance United States of America Service/branch United States Army Years of service 1808–1848 Rank Major General Zachary Taylor 2 Battles/wars War of 1812 Black Hawk War Second Seminole War Mexican–American War *Battle of Monterrey *Battle of Buena Vista Zachary Taylor (November 24, 1784 – July 9, 1850) was the 12th President of the United States (1849-1850) and an American military leader. Initially uninterested in politics, Taylor nonetheless ran as a Whig in the 1848 presidential election, defeating Lewis Cass. Taylor was the last President to hold slaves while in office, and the last Whig to win a presidential election. Known as "Old Rough and Ready," Taylor had a forty-year military career in the United States Army, serving in the War of 1812, the Black Hawk War, and the Second Seminole War. He achieved fame leading American troops to victory in the Battle of Palo Alto and the Battle of Monterrey during the Mexican–American War. As president, Taylor angered many Southerners by taking a moderate stance on the issue of slavery.
    [Show full text]
  • Federal Courts in the Early Republic: Kentucky 1789-1816 by Mary K. Bonsteel Tachau Woodford L
    Kentucky Law Journal Volume 68 | Issue 2 Article 10 1979 Federal Courts in the Early Republic: Kentucky 1789-1816 by Mary K. Bonsteel Tachau Woodford L. Gardner Jr. Redford, Redford & Gardner Follow this and additional works at: https://uknowledge.uky.edu/klj Part of the Courts Commons, and the Legal History Commons Right click to open a feedback form in a new tab to let us know how this document benefits you. Recommended Citation Gardner, Woodford L. Jr. (1979) "Federal Courts in the Early Republic: Kentucky 1789-1816 by Mary K. Bonsteel Tachau," Kentucky Law Journal: Vol. 68 : Iss. 2 , Article 10. Available at: https://uknowledge.uky.edu/klj/vol68/iss2/10 This Book Review is brought to you for free and open access by the Law Journals at UKnowledge. It has been accepted for inclusion in Kentucky Law Journal by an authorized editor of UKnowledge. For more information, please contact [email protected]. BOOK REVIEW FEDERAL COURTS IN THE EARLY REPUBLIC: KENTUCKY 1789-1816. By MARY, K. BONSTEEL TACHAU. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1978. Pp. 199, Appendix 29. Price: $16.50 Federal Courts in the Early Republic: Kentucky 1789- 1816 was recognized in June, 1979, by the Kentucky Historical Society as the outstanding contribution in Kentucky history published during the past four years. With the proliferation of books and articles on Kentucky history during that period, it is no small achievement for Professor Tachau's work to have been so honored. The legal profession is the ultimate benefac- tor of a work concerning the early history of the federal courts in Kentucky, a work which necessarily deserves discussion in the legal journals of the state.
    [Show full text]
  • The County Courts in Antebellum Kentucky
    University of Kentucky UKnowledge United States History History 1972 The County Courts in Antebellum Kentucky Robert M. Ireland University of Kentucky Click here to let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Thanks to the University of Kentucky Libraries and the University Press of Kentucky, this book is freely available to current faculty, students, and staff at the University of Kentucky. Find other University of Kentucky Books at uknowledge.uky.edu/upk. For more information, please contact UKnowledge at [email protected]. Recommended Citation Ireland, Robert M., "The County Courts in Antebellum Kentucky" (1972). United States History. 65. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/upk_united_states_history/65 This page intentionally left blank ROBERT M. IRELAND County Courts in Antebellum Kentucky The University Press of KentacRy ISBN 978-0-8131-531 1-7 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 71-160045 COPYRIGHT 0 1972 BY THE UNIVERSITY PRESS OF KENTUCKY A statewide cooperative scholarly publishing agency serving Berea College, Centre College of Kentucky, Eastern Kentucky University, Kentucky State College, Morehead State University, Murray State Univer- sity, University of Kentucky, University of Louisville, and Western Kentucky University. Editorial and Sales Ofices: Lexington, Kentucky 40506 Contents Preface vii Acknowledgments ix Introduction 1 1 The Anatomy of the County Courts 7 2 The Judicial Business of the County Courts 18 3 The Financial Business of the County Courts 35 4 The Politics of the County Courts 62 5 County Court Patronage 79 6 The County Courts and the Legislature 105 7 Town and Country 123 8 Deficiencies and Reform I45 Conclusion 171 Governors of Kentucky, 1792-1851 '77 Kentucky County Maps 178 An Essay on Authorities 181 Index 187 This page intentionally left blank Preface r IS PERHAPS IRONIC that some of the most outstanding work in pre-Civil War American historiography con- I cerns national political institutions which touched only lightly the daily lives of most citizens.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Failed Filibusters: the Kemper Rebellion, the Burr Conspiracy And
    Failed Filibusters: The Kemper Rebellion, the Burr Conspiracy and Early American Expansion Francis D. Cogliano In January 1803 the Congressional committee which considered the appropriation for the Louisiana Purchase observed baldly, “it must be seen that the possession of New Orleans and the Floridas will not only be required for the convenience of the United States, but will be demanded by their most imperious necessities.”1 The United States claimed that West Florida, which stretched south of the 31st parallel from the Mississippi River in the west to the Apalachicola River in the east (roughly the modern state of Louisiana east of the Mississippi, and the Gulf coasts of Mississippi and Alabama, and the western portion of the Florida panhandle) was included in the Louisiana Purchase, a claim denied by the Spanish. The American claim was spurious but the intent behind it was clear. The United States desired control of West Florida so that the residents of the Mississippi Territory could have access to the Gulf of Mexico. Since the American Revolution the region had been settled by Spaniards, French creoles and Anglo-American loyalists. Beginning in the 1790s thousands of emigrants from the United States migrated to the territory, attracted by a generous system of Spanish land grants. An 1803 American government report described the population around Baton Rouge as “composed partly of Acadians, a very few French, and great majority of Americans.” During the first decade of the nineteenth century West Florida became increasingly unstable. In addition to lawful migrants, the region attracted lawless adventurers, including deserters from the United States army and navy, many of whom fled from the nearby territories of Louisiana and Mississippi.2 1 Annals of Congress, 7th Cong.
    [Show full text]
  • People of the Three Fires: the Ottawa, Potawatomi, and Ojibway of Michigan.[Workbook and Teacher's Guide]
    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 321 956 RC 017 685 AUTHOR Clifton, James A.; And Other., TITLE People of the Three Fires: The Ottawa, Potawatomi, and Ojibway of Michigan. Workbook and Teacher's Guide . INSTITUTION Grand Rapids Inter-Tribal Council, MI. SPONS AGENCY Department of Commerce, Washington, D.C.; Dyer-Ives Foundation, Grand Rapids, MI.; Michigan Council for the Humanities, East Lansing.; National Endowment for the Humanities (NFAH), Washington, D.C. REPORT NO ISBN-0-9617707-0-8 PUB DATE 86 NOTE 225p.; Some photographs may not reproduce ;4011. AVAILABLE FROMMichigan Indian Press, 45 Lexington N. W., Grand Rapids, MI 49504. PUB TYPE Books (010) -- Guides - Classroom Use - Guides '.For Teachers) (052) -- Guides - Classroom Use- Materials (For Learner) (051) EDRS PRICE MFU1 /PC09 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *American Indian Culture; *American Indian History; American Indians; *American Indian Studies; Environmental Influences; Federal Indian Relationship; Political Influences; Secondary Education; *Sociix- Change; Sociocultural Patterns; Socioeconomic Influences IDENTIFIERS Chippewa (Tribe); *Michigan; Ojibway (Tribe); Ottawa (Tribe); Potawatomi (Tribe) ABSTRACT This book accompanied by a student workbook and teacher's guide, was written to help secondary school students to explore the history, culture, and dynamics of Michigan's indigenous peoples, the American Indians. Three chapters on the Ottawa, Potawatomi, and Ojibway (or Chippewa) peoples follow an introduction on the prehistoric roots of Michigan Indians. Each chapter reflects the integration
    [Show full text]
  • Treason Trial of Aaron Burr Before Chief Justice Marshall
    Loyola University Chicago Loyola eCommons Master's Theses Theses and Dissertations 1942 Treason Trial of Aaron Burr before Chief Justice Marshall Aurelio Albert Porcelli Loyola University Chicago Follow this and additional works at: https://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_theses Part of the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Porcelli, Aurelio Albert, "Treason Trial of Aaron Burr before Chief Justice Marshall" (1942). Master's Theses. 687. https://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_theses/687 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses and Dissertations at Loyola eCommons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master's Theses by an authorized administrator of Loyola eCommons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 License. Copyright © 1942 Aurelio Albert Porcelli .TREASON TRilL OF AARON BURR BEFORE CHIEF JUSTICE KA.RSHALL By AURELIO ALBERT PORCELLI A THESIS SUBJfiTTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OJ' mE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS IN LOYOLA UNIVERSITY .roD 1942 • 0 0 I f E B T S PAGE FOBEW.ARD • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 111 CHAPTER I EARLY LIFE OF llRO:N BURR • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • l II BURR AND JEFF.ERSOB ••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 24 III WES!ERN ADVDTURE OF BURR •••••••••••••••••••• 50 IV BURR INDICTED FOR !REASOB •••••••••••••••••••• 75 V !HE TRIAL •.•••••••••••••••• • ••••••••••• • •••• •, 105 VI CHIEF JUSTICE lfA.RSlU.LL AND THE TRIAL ....... .. 130 VII JIA.RSHALJ.- JURIST OR POLITICIAN? ••••••••••••• 142 BIBLIOGRAPHY ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 154 FOREWORD The period during which Thomas Jefferson, John Marshall, and Aaron Burr were public men was, perhaps, the most interest­ ing in the history of the United States.
    [Show full text]
  • Historic American Indian Tribes of Ohio 1654-1843
    Historic American Indian Tribes of Ohio 1654-1843 Ohio Historical Society www.ohiohistory.org $4.00 TABLE OF CONTENTS Historical Background 03 Trails and Settlements 03 Shelters and Dwellings 04 Clothing and Dress 07 Arts and Crafts 08 Religions 09 Medicine 10 Agriculture, Hunting, and Fishing 11 The Fur Trade 12 Five Major Tribes of Ohio 13 Adapting Each Other’s Ways 16 Removal of the American Indian 18 Ohio Historical Society Indian Sites 20 Ohio Historical Marker Sites 20 Timeline 32 Glossary 36 The Ohio Historical Society 1982 Velma Avenue Columbus, OH 43211 2 Ohio Historical Society www.ohiohistory.org Historic American Indian Tribes of Ohio HISTORICAL BACKGROUND In Ohio, the last of the prehistoric Indians, the Erie and the Fort Ancient people, were destroyed or driven away by the Iroquois about 1655. Some ethnologists believe the Shawnee descended from the Fort Ancient people. The Shawnees were wanderers, who lived in many places in the south. They became associated closely with the Delaware in Ohio and Pennsylvania. Able fighters, the Shawnees stubbornly resisted white pressures until the Treaty of Greene Ville in 1795. At the time of the arrival of the European explorers on the shores of the North American continent, the American Indians were living in a network of highly developed cultures. Each group lived in similar housing, wore similar clothing, ate similar food, and enjoyed similar tribal life. In the geographical northeastern part of North America, the principal American Indian tribes were: Abittibi, Abenaki, Algonquin, Beothuk, Cayuga, Chippewa, Delaware, Eastern Cree, Erie, Forest Potawatomi, Huron, Iroquois, Illinois, Kickapoo, Mohicans, Maliseet, Massachusetts, Menominee, Miami, Micmac, Mississauga, Mohawk, Montagnais, Munsee, Muskekowug, Nanticoke, Narragansett, Naskapi, Neutral, Nipissing, Ojibwa, Oneida, Onondaga, Ottawa, Passamaquoddy, Penobscot, Peoria, Pequot, Piankashaw, Prairie Potawatomi, Sauk-Fox, Seneca, Susquehanna, Swamp-Cree, Tuscarora, Winnebago, and Wyandot.
    [Show full text]
  • Ohio County, Kentucky, in the Olden Days
    Ohio County, Kentucky, in the Olden Days A series of old newspaper sketches of,,. fragmentary,,. history7 • BY HARRISON D. Ti\YLOR El Prepared for publication in book form by his granddaughter MARY TAYLOR LOGAN With an Introduction by OTTO A. ROTHERT El JOHN P. MORTON & COMPANY INCORPORATED LOUISVILLE, KENTUCKY 1926 COPYRIGHT, 1926, BY MARY TAYLOR LOGAN From an oil painting, about 1845 HARRISON D. TAYLOR CONTENTS Introduction ............................ Otto A. Rothert Page I Evidences of Prehistoric People and Early Pioneers . 1 II Old Vienna and Calhoun, Barnett's Station, and Hartford. 6 III Indian Depredations. 10 IV How Stephen Statler Came to Hartford. 15 V First Courts and Courthouse . 19 VI The War of 1812. 28 VII "Ralph Ringwood" . 33 VIII Life in the Olden Days. 35 IX Joseph Barnett and Ignatius Pigman, and Their Land Troubles . 42 X Early Land Titles. 47 XI Forests and Farms. 50 XII The First Hanging. 53 XIII Some Early Merchants. 57 XIV Some Pioneer Families . 64 XV Religion of the Pioneers . 69 XVI Old-Time Schools. 73 XVII Three Early Physicians. 76 XVIII Ten Well-Known Lawyers. 80 XIX Slaves and Slavery. 93 XX Harrison D. Taylor's Autobiographical Notes. 97 XXI History of the Taylor Family. 101 APPENDIX A. Act Forming Ohio County in 1798. 115 B. Ohio County as Recorded by Collins in 1847 and in 1877 117 C. Captain John Ho,vell, Revolutionary Soldier. 125 D. Harrison D. Taylor-A Biographical Sketch. 127 E. Ohio County Biographies Published in 1885. 131 F. Ohio County Marriage Records, 1799 to 1840. 135 Index ............................................
    [Show full text]
  • The History of Tippecanoe County Compiled by Quinten Robinson, Tippecanoe County Historian the SETTING Tippecanoe County, Locate
    The History of Tippecanoe County Compiled by Quinten Robinson, Tippecanoe County Historian THE SETTING Tippecanoe County, located in west-central Indiana, is about 65 miles northwest of Indianapolis and 100 miles southeast of Chicago. Tippecanoe County is 21 miles east to west and 24 miles north to south and Lafayette, the county seat, is situated on the banks of the Wabash nearly in the center. About one-half the surface consists of broad, fertile, and nearly level plains. The balance consists of gently rolling uplands, steep hillsides or rich alluvial bottoms. Occasional wetlands or bogs are found but those were largely drained by the beginning of the 20th century. The Wabash River flows nearly through the middle of Tippecanoe County from northeast to southwest. Tributaries to the Wabash River that drain the north and west parts of Tippecanoe County are the Tippecanoe River, Burnett Creek, Indian Creek, and Little Pine Creek. Draining the south and east parts of the county are Sugar Creek, Buck Creek, North, South and Middle Forks of the Wildcat Creek, Wea Creek, and Flint Creek. Besides Lafayette, cities and towns in Tippecanoe County are West Lafayette, the home of Purdue University, Battle Ground, West Point, Otterbein, Dayton, Clarks Hill, Romney, Stockwell, Americus, Colburn & Buck Creek. In 2010 county population was set at 172,780 PREHISTORIC TIPPECANOE COUNTY The terrain, the Wabash River, and the creeks you see today in Tippecanoe County came to their present condition about 10,000 years ago as the last continental glacier retreated northward leaving a vastly different landscape than what had existed before the advance of the ice sheets began over 700,000 years ago.
    [Show full text]