Evaluation of the Benin Power Compact's Electricity
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Anchor Final Report Evaluation of the Benin Power Compact’s Electricity Generation and Distribution Projects: Baseline Report May 2020 Sarah M. Hughes, Christopher Ksoll, Kristine Bos, Anthony Harris, Serge Kennely Wongla, Dara Bernstein, Cullen Seaton and Galina Lapadatova Submitted to: Millennium Challenge Corporation 1099 Fourteenth St, NW Suite 700 Washington, DC 2005 Project Officers: Julian Glucroft and Shreena Patel Contract Number: 95332418C0129 Submitted by: Mathematica 1100 1st Street, NE, 12th Floor Washington, DC 20002-4221 Phone: (202) 484-9220 Fax: (202) 863-1763 This page has been left blank for double-sided copying. Benin Energy Infrastructure Baseline Report Mathematica ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This report reflects the contributions of many people. From the Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC), Project Monitor Julian Glucroft and Contracting Officer’s Representative Shreena Patel provided us guidance and support throughout the inception and baseline period of the evaluation. The report would not have been possible without the contributions of many partners in the Millennium Challenge Account-Benin II and Société Beninoise d’Energie Electrique (SBEE). We would first like to acknowledge the wide range of Millennium Challenge Account-Benin II implementers, engineers, consultants, and coordinators who generously shared their time and attention to help improve the quality, comprehensiveness, and depth of the study. We are grateful to the many stakeholders in Benin who provided in-person or written feedback on the report content. This report depended on contributions from a wide range of data collection, supervisory, and support staff. We are particularly indebted for the quality of the survey and qualitative data which would not have been possible without the deep contributions of Serge Kennely Wongla, who supervised data collection activities as a locally based member of Mathematica’s evaluation team and who provided input on the data collection instruments and contributed substantially to the analysis. We appreciate Fidexi-Conseil and the Innovative Hub for Research in Africa for the successful implementation of the baseline listing and survey data collection efforts. We are grateful to Laboratoire d’Anthropologie Appliquée et d’Education au Développement Durable which successfully conducted the baseline qualitative data collection. We would also like to thank the many individuals, household members, businesspeople, civil servants, government representatives and implementers who responded to our surveys and participated in in-depth interviews. Denzel Hankinson provided sector expertise through the design stage and Mawuena Adjogah provided guidance on the design and data collection stages of the project. At Mathematica, Arif Mamun provided technical input and thoughtful comments on the draft report. Matthew Ribar and Samuel Studnitzer provided programming support. We would also like to thank the editorial and administrative support staff at Mathematica, as well as our colleagues who assisted with translation to French. Mathematica strives to improve public well-being by bringing the highest standards of quality, objectivity, and excellence to bear when collecting information and performing analysis for our clients. The findings in this report solely reflect Mathematica’s interpretation of available information. Mathematica staff involved in analyzing the information and authoring this report did not report any conflicts of interest. The evaluation was funded exclusively by the Millennium Challenge Corporation. iii This page has been left blank for double-sided copying. Benin Energy Infrastructure Baseline Report Mathematica CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................................................................ III ACRONYMS ................................................................................................................................................ XI I. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................... 1 A. Overview of the Electricity Generation and Distribution Projects .................................................. 2 B. Overview of the evaluation ............................................................................................................ 5 1. Quantitative evaluation methodology .................................................................................... 8 2. Qualitative evaluation methodology ..................................................................................... 10 3. Timeline for data collection, evaluation, and project activities ............................................ 10 C. Key baseline findings................................................................................................................... 11 D. Road map of the report................................................................................................................ 12 II. ANALYSIS OF PROJECT DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION .......................................................... 13 A. Findings on project design .......................................................................................................... 14 B. Findings on early implementation status ..................................................................................... 16 III. ANALYSIS OF GRID-LEVEL OUTCOMES ........................................................................................ 19 A. Sampling for grid-level outcomes ................................................................................................ 20 1. Definition of project areas .................................................................................................... 20 2. Sampling for placement of grid monitors ............................................................................. 20 3. Sampling for placement of smart meters ............................................................................. 21 4. Sampling for qualitative data ............................................................................................... 21 B. Baseline data sources and outcome definitions .......................................................................... 22 IV. END USER OUTCOMES AT BASELINE ............................................................................................ 27 A. Sampling for end user outcomes and baseline characteristics ................................................... 28 1. Definition of sample for end users ....................................................................................... 28 2. Baseline characteristics of household and business sample .............................................. 29 B. Baseline data sources and outcome definitions .......................................................................... 30 1. Quantitative analysis............................................................................................................ 30 2. Qualitative analysis .............................................................................................................. 31 C. Baseline status of end user outcomes ........................................................................................ 32 1. Household outcomes ........................................................................................................... 32 2. Business outcomes.............................................................................................................. 38 3. Public institutions ................................................................................................................. 46 v Benin Energy Infrastructure Baseline Report Mathematica V. EVALUATION ADMINISTRATION ...................................................................................................... 49 A. Summary of IRB requirements and clearances .......................................................................... 49 B. Preparing data files for access, privacy, and documentation ...................................................... 49 C. Dissemination plan ...................................................................................................................... 50 D. Evaluation team: Roles and responsibilities ................................................................................ 50 REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................................ 53 APPENDIX A: OVERVIEW OF PRIMARY DATA COLLECTION ............................................................. A.1 APPENDIX B: ADDITIONAL DESCRIPTIVE TABLES FOR HOUSEHOLD DATA, DISAGGREGATED BY PROJECT AREA AND BY GENDER OF HOUSEHOLD HEAD ......................... B.1 APPENDIX C: ADDITIONAL DESCRIPTIVE TABLES FOR BUSINESS DATA, DISAGGREGATED BY PROJECT AREA AND BY GENDER OF HOUSEHOLD HEAD .........................C.1 APPENDIX D: VALUES AT BASELINE FOR OUTCOMES SELECTED FOR TELEPHONE SURVEY.....................................................................................................................................................D.1 APPENDIX E: STAKEHOLDER COMMENTS AND RESPONSES ......................................................... E.1 vi Benin Energy Infrastructure Baseline Report Mathematica TABLES I.1 Evaluation design overview: Summary of research questions, methods, and data sources ........... 6 I.2 Data sources