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Hubei Safe, Sustainable and Smart Agriculture Project Social Assessment Report

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Hubei Safe, Sustainable and Smart Agriculture Project Social Assessment Report World Bank-financed Project Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Hubei Safe, Sustainable and Smart Agriculture Project Social Assessment Report Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Hubei Project Management Office (PMO) October 2019 Contents 1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background ............................................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 SA Tasks .................................................................................................................................................... 5 1.3 SA Methods ............................................................................................................................................... 5 1.3.1 Organized interview and literature collection ......................................................................... 6 1.3.2 FGD ................................................................................................................................................. 6 1.3.3 Key informant interview ................................................................................................................ 7 1.3.4 Questionnaire survey .................................................................................................................... 8 1.3.5 Field investigation ....................................................................................................................... 10 1.4 Key objectives of SA ............................................................................................................................. 10 2 Project Overview ............................................................................................................................................11 2.1 Definition of project area .......................................................................................................................11 2.2 Local socioeconomic profile .................................................................................................................11 2.2.1 Geographic location .....................................................................................................................11 2.2.2 Economic status .......................................................................................................................... 12 2.2.3 Population..................................................................................................................................... 13 2.2.4 Ethnic minority population .......................................................................................................... 15 2.2.5 Baseline socioeconomic data .................................................................................................... 15 2.2.6 Local organizations and IAs ...................................................................................................... 16 2.2.7 List of social sensitive sites ....................................................................................................... 17 3 Public Participation Process ........................................................................................................................ 20 3.1 Stakeholder identification ...................................................................................................................... 20 3.1.1 Primary stakeholders .................................................................................................................. 20 3.1.2 Secondary stakeholders............................................................................................................. 20 3.2 Public participation process .................................................................................................................. 21 3.2.1 Project information disclosure ................................................................................................... 21 3.2.2 Field investigation ....................................................................................................................... 21 3.2.3 FGD ............................................................................................................................................... 21 3.2.4 Key informant interview .............................................................................................................. 22 3.2.5 Questionnaire survey .................................................................................................................. 22 3.3 Stakeholder demand analysis .............................................................................................................. 23 3.3.1 Needs for the Project .................................................................................................................. 23 3.3.2 High activity and willingness of low income population for the Project ............................... 24 3.3.3 Strong participation willingness of women .............................................................................. 25 3.3.4 Improved awareness of the Project among local officials and residents ............................ 25 3.3.5 High support level of local residents for the Project............................................................... 25 4 Social Impact Analysis.................................................................................................................................. 26 4.1 Positive impacts ...................................................................................................................................... 26 4.1.1 Increasing the utilization rate of idle rural land and agricultural profitability ....................... 26 4.1.2 Improving the quality and safety of farm products, and farming output and yield ............. 26 4.1.3 Improving infrastructure and public service facilities ............................................................. 27 4.1.4 Improving the ecological and living environment ................................................................... 27 4.1.5 Helping villagers learn advanced cultivation and breeding techniques .............................. 27 4.1.6 Promoting both returned start-up business and poverty alleviation .................................... 27 I 4.2 Negative impacts .................................................................................................................................... 27 4.2.1 Potential LA and HD impacts ..................................................................................................... 27 4.2.2 Potential natural and social impacts during construction and operation ............................ 28 5 Poverty Analysis ............................................................................................................................................ 29 5.1 Current situation of poverty ................................................................................................................... 29 5.1.1 Hubei Province ............................................................................................................................ 29 5.1.2 Project area (counties / county-level cities / districts) ............................................................ 29 5.1.3 MLS ............................................................................................................................................... 30 5.2 Causes of poverty .................................................................................................................................. 30 5.3 Local poverty reduction measures ....................................................................................................... 30 5.4 Needs of the poor for the Project ......................................................................................................... 31 5.5 Impacts of the Project on the poor ....................................................................................................... 31 6 Gender Analysis ............................................................................................................................................ 33 6.1 Local female population ....................................................................................................................... 33 6.2 Current situation of local women......................................................................................................... 33 6.2.1 Age composition .......................................................................................................................... 33 6.2.2 Educational level ......................................................................................................................... 33 6.2.3 Occupation composition ............................................................................................................. 34 6.2.4 Social status ................................................................................................................................. 35 6.3 Women’s needs and expectations ...................................................................................................... 35 6.3.1 Relationship between women and agriculture .......................................................................
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