COUNCIL ON FOREIGN RELATIONS Annual Report July 1,2002 - June 30,2003

Main Office Washington Office The Harold Pratt House 1779 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W. 58 East 68th Street, , NY 10021 Washington, DC 20036 Tel. (212) 434-9400; Fax (212) 434-9800 Tel. (202) 518-3400; Fax (202) 986-2984

Website www.cfr.org E-mail [email protected] Mission and Goals

The Council on Foreign Relations is dedicated to increasing Amer­ ica's understanding of the world and contributing ideas to U.S. for­ eign policy. The Council accomplishes this mainly by promoting constructive debates, clarifying world issues, producing reports, and publishing Foreign Affairs, the leading journal on global issues.

Goals: 1. Add value to the public debate on international affairs. 2. Energize discussions nationwide by making the Council a truly national organization with membership across the country. 3. Identify and nurture the next generation of foreign policy leaders. 4. Become "the source" for ideas and clear, reliable information on key international issues for the interested public at home and abroad. Dedication Arthur C. Helton 1949–2003

All of us at the Council on Foreign Relations were deeply saddened by the tragic loss of our colleague and friend, Arthur C. Helton, in the August 19, 2003, bombing of the headquarters in Bagh- dad. Arthur was one of our most distinguished senior fellows and a noted expert on refugee and humanitarian issues and international law. Arespected lawyer and activist, he devoted his life to improving the lives of others. At the time of his death, he was in to consult with the United Nations to help find ways to relieve human suf- fering there.

Arthur was Director of Peace and Conflict Studies and Senior Fellow for Refugee Studies and Preventive Action at the Council. He was also an adjunct professor at Law School. Prior to joining the Council in 1999, he founded and directed the Forced Migration Projects at the Open Society Institute and directed the Refugee Project at the Lawyers Committee for Human Rights.

“From representing Haitian boat people incarcerated at the Navy Yard in 1981 in New York, to interviewing displaced Serbs from Kosovo residing in Belgrade in 2001, refugees have taken me on a remarkable professional journey,” Arthur wrote in the preface of his 2002 book, The Price of Indifference: Refugees and Humanitarian Action in the New Century. Arthur’s col- leagues at the Council and elsewhere are honored to have witnessed and participated in his remarkable journey. With his death, the world has lost a devoted and talented champion of the rights of the dispossessed. We will miss him. Contents

Letter from the Chairman 6 Letter from the Vice Chairmen 9 Outgoing President's Message 11 Incoming President's Message 18 Foreign Affairs 20 Special Initiatives 22 Studies Program 32 Middle East 32 Maurice R. Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies 33 34 34 Business and Foreign Policy 34 Center for Preventive Action 35 35 Latin America 36 National 36 Peace and Conflict 36 Science and Technology 37 U.S. Foreign Policy 37 Other Activities 38 International Affairs Fellowship Program 39 New York Meetings Program 40 Washington Program 47 National Program 52 Named Chairs, Fellowships, and Lectureships 59 Corporate Program 61 Term Member Program 67 Communications 73 Publications 74 Contents

Development 77 Term Grants, Endowment, Restricted, and Special Gifts 78 Annual Giving Donors 80 2003 Board Election 87 Committees of the Board, 2002-2003 88 Chairman's Advisory Council 89 International Advisory Board 90 Council By-Laws 91 Rules, Guidelines, and Practices 95 Historical Roster of Directors and Officers 97 Budget and Finance 100 Staff 108 Membership 113 Membership Selection Procedure 113 Membership Roster 116

In Memoriam The Council lost a member of the Board of Directors the Council in 1946 and played a significant leader­ and two Directors Emeriti this year. ship role throughout the more than 50 years he was a Roone Arledge died on December 5, 2002. He member. He served on the Board for 13 years and was joined the Council in 1982 and became a member of Vice Chairman from 1976 to 1978. He also served as the Board in 1998. During that time, he provided Secretary of the Treasury, Undersecretary of State, and valuable advice and wise guidance to the Board and Ambassador to . to the Council leadership above and beyond his Glenn E. Watts died on August 30, 2002. He was a duties as a Board member. A creative and innovative member of the Council for 24 years and was a mem­ broadcaster, Roone transformed the presentation of ber of the Board of Directors for 4 years. An influential television news and sports. First as President of ABC voice of the U.S. labor movement, he served as Presi­ Sports and later as President and Chairman of ABC dent of the Communications Workers of America and News, he brought about revolutionary changes that served on the Executive Council of the AFL-CIO. He would affect the media worldwide. also founded the Glenn E. Watts Cultural Center in Douglas Dillon passed away on January 10, 2003. to promote greater understanding between One of the longest-serving Council members, he joined 's Arabs and Jews. Letter from the Chairman

t is times like these that test the worth of an institution. Since September 11, 2001, the has been engaged in one of the most dangerous contests in its his- tory. The mission of the Council on Foreign Relations—increasing America’s under- Istanding of the world and contributing ideas to U.S. foreign policy—has never been more important or more relevant. The Council met the challenge of responding to a post–September 11 world with genuine creativity. The success of these and many other Council programs was due, in large part, to our departing, and in my view incomparable, president, Leslie H. Gelb. Without Les, the Council would not be what it is today—more widely respected, more widely listened to, and more truly representative of American soci- ety in its breadth and diversity than ever before in its history. Les Gelb, The Incomparable Leader Let’s look at Les’s record in terms of performance metrics (the new buzzword as you know) that were agreed to by the Board and Les. Let’s start with some financial met- rics. In the year just before Les took over, we had a deficit of $750,000. Under Les, we have always had a surplus. Last year that surplus was over $2 million. The annual fund has more than quadrupled. In the past ten years, it’s grown to more than $3.5 million. Les also launched the Harold Pratt Associates program. In 1993 when he took over, we had only nine members who each gave $10,000 or more to the annual fund. This year, 172 members have donated that amount, and 38 mem- bers have given $25,000 or more. These Harold Pratt Associates contribute about three-fourths of the annual fund. When Les took over, the Council was receiving about $2 million in foundation and grant support. For the last few years we’ve been getting $6 million to $7 million, and the endowment has tripled over the period of his service. What about the national effort? We’ve had a 50 percent increase in national members, and now more than one-third of our members reside outside of New York and Washington. When Les came, frankly, we didn’t have a real program for national members. We now have a program of study seminars in 9 key cities, and last year we held 50 to 60 seminars. Another of Les’s innovations was the annual National Conference held in June. This year 350 members came from all over the country. Another metric was a younger membership that was much more active. In the ten years of Les’s reign, the median age has fallen from the high 60s to the mid 50s. The number of term members has doubled. We didn’t have a program for term members and now we have a very full program, including an annual conference. In Peter G. Peterson 2003, we had nearly 300 people come from all over America for that meeting.

6 Letter from the Chairman

Peter G. Peterson and Leslie H. Gelb at the June 2003 National Conference, “Ten Years after the : Does the United States Know What It’s Doing and Where It’s Going?”

The Studies Program is the intellectual heart of this And, last but not least, Les instituted Independent institution. When Les came we had 10 fellows and about Task Forces that have had major impact. Just the recent 10 visiting fellows. Today, we have 70. When Les came we ones include Iraq, , public diplomacy, terror- had 2 endowed chairs; we now have 12, including the ist financing, the Chinese military, homeland security, new chair in Africa policy studies, which is the first such and so on. chair in any foreign policy think tank or school. We’ve honored Les in some ways that are unique to The New York Meetings Program: I’ll give you just one this institution. He’s been named the first president emer- metric. The current attendance now averages over 130 itus of the Council. He’s also been named the first Board members per event. It’s a stunning increase over what we fellow, so for five years he’ll be able to live his dream of used to have. writing at least two books that have been percolating over The Washington Program went from about a dozen the last ten grueling years. Stephen M. Kellen, Maurice R. meetings up to about 100 this year. That program is Greenberg, and I were delighted to help make that possi- almost as active as New York’s. We went from no fellows ble. It is indeed the least the Council could have done for in Washington to 23 at the present time. And we now this extraordinary leader. have a much more active program with Congress. Many people contributed to this decade of progress Les has brought so much to this institution that, given and renewal at the Council—too many to list here. But I the space available here, we could not possibly list every- would like to take this opportunity to thank Michael P. thing he’s done. Foreign Affairs with James F. Hoge Jr. has Peters, Janice L. Murray, David Kellogg, and the other more impact, in my view, and certainly more advertising, vice presidents for their help turning Les’s vision into than ever in its history. Les has brought what he called the reality. And, of course, my fellow Board colleagues have “outreach mission” to the Council, and I think we’re all played a critical and highly constructive role. In particu- aware of the extraordinary increase in the Council’s visibil- lar, William J. McDonough has guided the Council as ity. If you watch television at all, you know how the Coun- vice chairman and as chairman of the Finance and Bud- cil’s exposure has dramatically increased. But you may not get Committee, steering us on a steady course through know that the Council’s award-nominated website attracts tough and troublesome economic times. Bill’s wisdom close to half a million visitors per month and is now affili- has kept the Council in a financial situation that has ated with most of the major networks and print media. allowed it to maintain and grow its exceptional programs.

7 Letter from the Chairman

Carla A. Hills, who is also vice chairman and leads the Nominating and Governance Committee, helped to ensure that the Council Board would have the best leaders. But of all the colleagues and partners Les and I have had at the Council, the one that stands out the most is Hank Greenberg. We all know of Hank’s record as a global chief executive officer, the remarkable breadth of his international interests, and his unique philanthropic generosity. I think what differentiates Hank is that he digs not only into his pocket but into himself. That has led to a partnership over the past ten years of genuine equality, respect, devotion, and yes, affection. It is one of the most satisfying, productive partnerships I’ve ever been in. We are delighted Hank will remain active as chairman of the Maurice R. Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies and the Council’s first honorary vice chairman. Maurice R. Greenberg and Peter G. Peterson at the April 22, 2003, Din- If great challenges have been met in the last decade, ner in honor of Hank Greenberg. Greenberg will remain active as Chair- even greater ones lie ahead—for the United States and man of the Maurice R. Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies and as the Council’s first Honorary Vice Chairman.

for the Council on Foreign Relations. Terrorism and the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction pose grave threats to the peace and security of the American people. America’s unique global power means that the Ameri- can people bear enormous responsibilities not only to assure their own peace and prosperity, but to assist and often to lead in the creation of a more just, peaceful, and sustainable world. The Council’s mission is more vital now than ever, and under Richard N. Haass, a brilliant mind with an equally brilliant track record, the Council must and will continue to grow, develop, and break new ground.

Peter G. Peterson Robert E. Rubin and William J. McDonough at the Council. Chairman of the Board

8 Letter from the Vice Chairmen

his year the Council made a number of valuable contributions to the quality of the for- eign policy debate. The Council’s sponsorship of Task Force program led to eleven Task Force reports and three more Task Forces that will report before year’s T end. That is more than we have ever done before, and the reports are having more impact than ever. The news coverage of the reports has been phenomenal—more than 1,000 news sto- ries, including coverage by every major newspaper and news organization in the coun- try and around the world. The report of the Council’s Independent Task Force on Iraq, chaired by Thomas R. Pickering and James R. Schlesinger, which offered specific pro- posals to guide postwar reconstruction of Iraq, was the focus of a story by 60 Minutes. The Task Force on Homeland Security, chaired by former senators Gary Hart and War- ren B. Rudman, concluding that this country is still dangerously unprepared to prevent and respond to another catastrophic terrorist attack, led to Senate hearings. Its report also prompted legislation in many statehouses and municipalities across the country. The well-timed Task Force on Enhancing U.S. Leadership at the United Nations, chaired by David Dreier and Lee H. Hamilton, led to the introduction of legislation by Repre- sentatives Dreier (R-CA) and Tom Lantos (D-CA) in the House of Representatives, based on the report’s findings that the United States must enhance its influence and reputation at the United Nations. Peter G. Peterson, chair of the Task Force on Public Diplomacy, met with National Security Adviser and other adminis- tration officials to present the Task Force’s findings that the administra- tion must do more to counter Amer- ica’s deteriorating image around the world. The Task Force on Terrorist Financing, chaired by Maurice R. Greenberg, set forth ways in which the United States could more effectively deal with this problem. The Council’s Maurice R. Green- berg Center for Geoeconomic Studies continues to play an important syner- gistic role, bringing together experts in business, economics, and foreign pol- icy. This year alone, under the center’s auspices, the Council produced Task Force reports on terrorist financing and Chinese military power (the latter Carla A. Hills William J. McDonough

9 Letter from the Vice Chairmen chaired by Harold Brown and Joseph W. Prueher); and recognize that widespread diseases such as HIV/AIDS two books, Democracy and Development: A Policy Agenda and SARS relate to U.S. national security in ways that for the 21st Century, by Council fellows Morton H. were unimaginable just a few years ago. Halperin, Michael M. Weinstein, and Joe Siegle, and Glob- What the Council’s leadership is trying to do is alization: What’s New, edited by Michael Weinstein, with develop ideas that will help people understand and solve contributions by some of the world’s leading economists, today’s complex foreign policy problems, and to advance which will be published next year. The center’s fellows new ways to think about them. When you look at the also wrote numerous articles, organized roundtables, and impact of the Task Force reports, and the books and arti- sponsored lectures focused on economic and foreign pol- cles produced by the Council’s fellows, it is clear that on icy issues. And the Council and Columbia University any fair evaluation, we are making real headway. have joined forces to offer new graduate student fellow- As co-chairs of the presidential selection committee, ships to train the next generation of policymakers in a we are delighted to welcome Richard N. Haass as our combined program of economics and foreign policy. next president. We are confident that under Richard’s We are also pleased that the Council has an endowed leadership, the Council will continue to flourish as a chair named in honor of Ralph Bunche, the first African guardian of the quality of ideas and information. American to be awarded the Nobel Prize for Peace and a No one deserves more credit for our great leap for- former undersecretary-general of the United Nations. ward than our retiring president, Leslie H. Gelb. His The Council established the chair in the belief that solv- decade of devotion to the Council has enlarged and ing matters of economic and political development in diversified its membership and stimulated intellectual Africa, along with its vast health and humanitarian inquiry on new issues that are shaping foreign policy, calamities, will help advance U.S. national interests as and he has kept us all happy while working his magic. well. Inaugural chair holder Princeton N. Lyman, former Les’s commitment to foreign policy study is deep. As he ambassador to Nigeria and South Africa and former steps down to write and think about that subject in a assistant secretary of state for international organization more sustained fashion than was possible while shoul- affairs, will bring together American and African schol- dering his presidential duties, we send him forth with a ars and foreign policy practitioners, mobilizing new and standing ovation and every good wish imaginable for existing talent to address these issues. the future. Many thanks, Les. The global health fellowship, supported by a grant from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, will inte- Carla A. Hills grate the study of global health issues and U.S. foreign William J. McDonough policy analysis. The Council and the Gates Foundation Vice Chairmen of the Board

10 Outgoing President’s Message

s I depart this good job after ten years, I leave the Council on Foreign Relations, but not the world, better off. The world has become more unruly and more dangerous, and it brims over with cries of injustice. Amid this turmoil, perhaps because of it, the ACouncil has thrived. I shall bring together these two stories, of the world and of the Council, later on. Linger with me briefly in the telling, as a kind of act of faith in my 40 years of service as a government official, journalist, and think-tank thinker. Pa- tience for a story, with only a little sermon. Adecade after the Cold War’s end, it can be seen that for all the razzle-dazzle of the nuclear standoff between the and the United States and the evil of the Soviet , international matters at that time had a relatively high degree of order, stability, and predictability. Except for the extremely dangerous Cuban missile crisis of 1962, tensions were high, while the risk of nuclear war or even of direct con- frontation between the United States and the Soviet Union was low. Political and often economic life was bad for those in the communist world. For people in the West, and especially in America, life was pretty good . . . and safe. Now, we do not feel safe, and we are not safe. No state on earth will likely chal- lenge our overwhelming military power. But terrorists, with or without weapons of mass destruction, have done so and will do so again. With this new- found and unwanted vulnerability, have joined history. It can be fairly argued that the and the moderates of the Clinton administration saw the new danger but did not rally to the barricades. It can also be fairly said that the neoconservatives and conservatives of the Bush administration initially discounted the new terrorist threats in favor of warnings about traditional military challenges from great powers, especially . Only after the tragedy and wake-up call of September 11 did the Bush team refocus, and re- focus hard, on our nation’s vulnerability and what needed to be done. President George W. Bush compelled the nation to stare at the new dangers, but I think any president would have done so after the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon. Where he led, where oth- ers might not have gone, was to the articulation of the point and the initiation of the policy that to meet the new threat, the United States has to be very tough-minded, tough in action and prepared to use mil- itary force to forestall or retaliate against terrorist attacks or nations abetting terrorist attacks. Good for him, and good for us. The historical record on terrorism shows us clearly enough that terrorists and tyrants are not moved by understanding and anti-poverty programs. Their As of July 1, 2003, Leslie H. Gelb holds outrage and obsessions can be cured almost always and only by put- the positions of President Emeritus and ting them behind bars or into graves. Decent people can only shudder Board Fellow.

11 Outgoing President’s Message

The first Hemispheric Meeting of Councils on Foreign Relations was held in Buenos Aires, Argentina, 30–31, 2003. Pictured are representatives from Councils from Argentina, , Canada, Chile, , Paraguay, the United States, and . Council participants: Leslie H. Gelb, Carla A. Hills, Richard W. Murphy, and Tomás Amorim. at these thoughts and words. But our leaders, alas, must them with guns alone. We need others to see their inter- make others—the terrorists—shudder at them as well. ests in fighting terrorists and to help. That requires co- But the story and the policy cannot begin and end operation, and cooperation requires compromise. with toughness and force. It can only start there. If what Apparently to some, compromise equals capitulation passes in our country for a foreign policy debate would and is therefore totally unacceptable. To which common descend for a while from its theological thin air to the sense would say that capitulation is capitulation, and bracing valley of common sense, some policy elements compromise certainly need not be. Second, after force in addition to force and toughness would leap out. First, comes the difficult part—making peace, building the we cannot hunt down the terrorists by ourselves or beat conquered lands into better and safer places. Notice I

Speaker , Minority Leader, U.S. Speaker Michael O’Hanlon, Senior Fellow, Helene D. Gayle and Jennifer Joseph at the June House of Representatives (D-CA), , Foreign Policy Studies, , 12, 2003, Dinner to celebrate the appointment of and Theodore C. Sorensen at the March 7, 2003, and Speaker Kenneth M. Pollack, Author, The Princeton N. Lyman as the Ralph Bunche Senior David A. Morse Lecture, “Principle and Power.” Threatening Storm: The Case for Invading Fellow in Africa Policy Studies. Iraq, at the October 17, 2002, Meeting, “Iraq: ATown Hall Meeting.”

12 Outgoing President’s Message

Speaker Amy Myers Jaffe, Senior Energy Adviser, James A. Baker III Institute for Public Policy, Rice University (on screen), Speaker Edward did not say turning liberated lands into a democratic, P. Djerejian, Director, James A. Baker III Institute for Public Policy, Rice University (on screen), Speaker Frank G. Wisner II, Vice Chairman, free-market paradise. Even the United States, a land External Affairs, American International Group, Inc., Presider Rachel blessed by its isolation and riches and freedoms, took Bronson, and Speaker Laith Kubba, President, Iraq National Group, at the some 200 years to reach its present state of holy perfec- January 16, 2003, Meeting, “Iraq: The Day After.” tion. Let the formerly oppressed and now liberated strive initially to equal Mayor Richard Daley’s Chicago of the 1950s in lawfulness and economic well-being. But, first in and now perhaps in Iraq as well, the Bush team finds the rigors of cooperating with others and nation-building to be a goal too far, an interest not worth pursuing at high cost. The costs would be excessive, however, only if we failed to pursue a policy of cooperation, compromise, and nation-building alongside the cocked guns and swagger. It is in the melding of these two strains of pol- icy that the Council can do some good. My mantra has been that half of what the Council does is interesting and a tenth is useful, and those are very high percentages. Because we are uniquely bipar- tisan in membership, nonpartisan in leadership, and very careful in what we say and write, we have stand- ing here and abroad. People will pay attention because Presider Peter G. Peterson and Speaker Paul D. Wolfowitz, Deputy they see our fairness—not artificial balancing games, Secretary, U.S. Department of Defense, at the January 23, 2003, Meeting, but fairness. “Iraq: What Does Disarmament Look Like?”

13 Outgoing President’s Message

Speaker Hamid Karzai, President of the Transitional Islamic State of Afghanistan, , George Soros, Paul Soros, and Stanley S. Arkin at the September 13, 2002, “Meeting with Hamid Karzai.”

Speaker Stephen J. Hadley, Assistant to the President and Deputy National Security Adviser, Maurice Sonnenberg, Kenneth J. Bialkin, and James Baker Sitrick at the February 12, 2003, “Meeting with Stephen Hadley.”

Speaker Jane Holl Lute, Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer, United Nations Foundation, Speaker Joseph Cirincione, Senior Associate and Director, Non- Proliferation Project, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, and Speaker Charles H. Ferguson, Scientist-in-Residence, Center for Nonproliferation Studies, Monterey Institute of International Studies, at the April 10, 2003, Meeting, “ABM, CTBT, NPT, START I, II & III: So Why So Much WMD?”

14 Speaker James A. Baker III, Senior Partner, Baker Botts LLP, Presider Leslie H. Gelb, and Speaker Henry A. Kissinger, Chairman, Kissinger Associates, Inc., at the May 6, 2003, Meeting, “A Conversation with Former Secretaries of State.”

We have begun to use that reputation to better per- form our duty as one of the guardians of the quality of information and ideas in our society. Along with per- haps a few dozen other think tanks, great universities, and foundations, we have a special responsibility to pro- tect the quality of public debate. That means calling balls and strikes about facts, about what we know and do not know, so that interested citizens can find their way through the dense fog of untruths and carelessness that now fills our public discourse. It also means the ob- ligation to help define, manage, and solve policy prob- lems, to have ideas about how to make the world a better and safer place for us and others. These tasks are hellishly hard. But the Council is try- ing, and not doing badly on both counts. We have a po- tent site, “The Source,” at www.cfr.org, that helps the public sort out fact from fiction and leave gray areas where they belong. Through direct questions and an- swers, careful research and reporting, clear language, and fairness, we give people information they can rely on. We also provide the ideas to help solve problems through our Task Force reports, done independently by our very able fellows and our unparalleled members. And the books and articles produced by our fellows add

Speaker Pascal Lamy, Trade Commissioner, European Commission, Presider , and Speaker Robert B. Zoellick, U.S. Trade Representative, at the November 6, 2002, McKinsey Executive Roundtable Series in International Economics, “, Trade, and Development: Are the United States and the European Union in It for the Long Run?”

15 Outgoing President’s Message

Speaker Robert W. Kagan, Senior Associate, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, Presider Leslie H. Gelb, and Speaker Tony Judt, Director, Remarque Institute, , at the October 8, 2002, John B. Hurford Memorial Lecture, “Americans Are from Mars, Europeans Are from Venus: They Agree on Little and Understand Each Other and Less.” needed depth. My mind races on to tell you more, but were friends and partners—and they made it fun. Pete you’ll see the more as you read through this report. and Hank were mentors and fathers, and Pete sometimes Let me reserve the last measure for those who worked a mother also. These are all people—staff and Board and with me these ten years to keep the Council a good and members—who can work with my very able friend and useful place for members—young members especially— successor, Richard N. Haass, to make the world a better policy experts, and interested citizens. I demanded a and safer place. The Council has the standing and talent great deal from my colleagues on the staff, and they met to do this. Moreover, as a privileged place and a guardian those standards. I thank them and cherish them. I could of our democracy, it has the duty to try. not have been luckier in Board leadership and mentor- ship. Peter G. Peterson and Maurice R. Greenberg and, Leslie H. Gelb more recently, Carla A. Hills and William J. McDonough, President Emeritus

Speaker Pervez Musharraf, Chief Executive and David Rockefeller, , and Winston Fouad Ajami and Washington SyCip at the President of , and Presider Richard C. Lord at the October 1, 2002, Annual Dinner for October 1, 2002, Annual Dinner for the Board of Holbrooke at the September 13, 2002, Meeting the Board of Directors, International Advisory Directors, International Advisory Board, and at the , “A New Architecture for Board, and Harold Pratt Associates, “Video- Harold Pratt Associates, “Videoconference with Peace and Stability in South Asia.” conference with Senator Joseph R. Biden.” Senator Joseph R. Biden.”

16 Outgoing President’s Message

"Wargame: Iraq," a two-hour MSNBC special, featured Leslie H. Gelb, Council fellows, and members in mock National Security Council sessions gaming out possible scenarios leading up to the war. The program aired on November 25, 2002.

Council members applaud Leslie H. Gelb at the opening of his last National Conference as Council president in June 2003.

17 Incoming President’s Message

he state of the Council, to borrow the parlance of Washington, is strong. Indeed, the Council on Foreign Relations is the premier organization in the field; credit and thanks are due to many, but above all to Leslie H. Gelb for his decade of Textraordinary service and accomplishment. The Council is a unique hybrid—part membership, part think tank, part pub- lisher, part nongovernmental organization—that possesses many strengths: an impressive and diverse membership; a professional, committed staff in both New York and Washington; a prestigious and engaged Board of Directors so ably led by Peter G. Peterson; an ambitious and often imaginative Meetings Program; Foreign Affairs, by far the most influential journal of its type; a budget in surplus and an endowment that has grown significantly over the past decade despite the market downturn; a modern, flexible physical plant; and a state-of-the-art website. Such strengths can and should be sustained and even enhanced. Possible ini- tiatives include starting up a postdoctoral fellowship program, augmenting efforts designed to engage members of Congress and their staff, increasing activ- ities via the National Program for the more than one-third of the membership that resides outside New York and Washington, and undertaking new efforts to build the endowment. In addition, I plan to place special emphasis on two aspects of Council activity. The first involves the Council as a think tank. This ought to be a golden age for the Studies Program; it is a moment when policymakers as well as citizens and stu- dents need help in understanding trends and developments as well as practical suggestions for what the United States should do in the world. It is a moment for raising fundamental questions about international relations and American foreign policy. What should the United States do with its primacy, and how should it go about it? What is the right mix of national security tools, and how can they best be employed? How should the United States and the interna- tional community work to regulate the challenges associated with globalization, ranging from money flows and global climate change to terrorism, weapons of mass destruction, and infectious diseases? In other words, what is both desirable and realistic in terms of global governance? What is the optimal division of labor among individual states, coalitions, regional bodies, and global institutions? What is the role of other major and medium powers, and what should the United States do to shape the behaviors of these states? What can be done to promote political and economic reform as well as moderation and tolerance in the Islamic world? How can the United States increase the odds that critical countries, including Pak- istan, Indonesia, Nigeria, , and , “succeed” and become rela- Richard N. Haass tively stable and open?

18 Incoming President’s Message

The questions are as numerous as they are important. I look for- ward to working with incoming Director of Studies James M. Lind- say and with the Council’s fellows in assembling a team of scholar- practitioners to tackle these issues —and in determining the best ways to disseminate insights and recommendations so that Council fellows, reports, and books can have even greater impact. The second area of special focus involves outreach. I believe the Council should continue to steadily increase its outreach function, something that can be done without in any way dilut- ing what is done for and with members. Outreach naturally builds upon one of the elements that makes the Council unique: Richard N. Haass and Carla A. Hills at the Council. , where the Coun- cil is headquartered with a national membership and an international reputation. The Council is intellectually nalists would appear to be the best means of providing open at a time many other think tanks are intentionally and disseminating such content. or unintentionally becoming more ideological and pre- Much of what I have written here is necessarily ten- dictable. The Council also has a close relationship with tative, as I want and need to spend much more time the business community. meeting with Board members and those working at the All this suggests the Council on Foreign Relations Council. I also look forward to hearing from and work- “brand” is a major asset. The Council should aim to ing with Council members around the country. Not ten- strengthen its position as “a” and arguably “the” princi- tative, however, are my goals. I am committed to a pal provider of background and analysis on international Council that is valued by members, listened to by poli- affairs and U.S. foreign policy. Media and schools might cymakers and Congress, universally trusted to be non- be the most valuable consumers (and, in turn, outlets). partisan, sought out by the media, respected by Indeed, the Council can play a major educational role— academics, and relied on by teachers and students. I am from curriculum development to teaching aids—that grateful for this opportunity to build on the legacy of would benefit teachers and students alike. More gener- Les Gelb and others and excited by the challenge of ally, authoritative information and assessment is badly helping to lead this extraordinary organization into the needed given a “debate” that too frequently mixes a lack future. of interest with heavily slanted advocacy disguised (at times barely) by analysis. Foreign Affairs, the Council’s Richard N. Haass website, and regular briefings for and meetings with jour- President

19 Foreign Affairs

he dominant subjects in the pages of Foreign Affairs this year were terrorism, war, and their widespread effects on American foreign policy. In the summer and fall the magazine focused on the Bush administration’s new national security doctrine of Tpreemptive war, and during the winter it turned to its implementation in Iraq. When the war finally came, it ended quickly after another display of America’s high-tech military prowess but left in its wake not just a difficult reconstruction job but also much institutional damage—to the United Nations, the transatlantic alliance, and U.S. relations with the international community. Through it all was threaded the question of America’s role, in Iraq and in the world. Among the highlights from the pages of Foreign Affairs this year were the following: G. John Ikenberry of provided a penetrating critique of the Bush administration’s national security doctrine, warning that its arrogation of sweep- ing powers to the United States and its unilateral tendencies would leave America in a more hostile and divided world. correspondent Michael P. Hirsh, mean- while, questioned whether President Bush was paying enough attention to bolstering the international community for the multifaceted response that terrorism requires. Fouad Ajami of the Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies at delivered an eloquent rationale for modernizing the Arab world, starting with the military intrusion into Iraq, arguing that a reforming foreign power’s guidelines offered a better way than the region’s age-old prohibitions, defects, and phobias. Princeton’s Michael S. Doran agreed, arguing that the Israeli-Palestinian con- flict should not stand in the way of a showdown with . In neighboring , nearly a quarter of a century after the revolution, economic failure and a bankrupt ideology have discredited the Islamic Republic, wrote Jahangir Amuzegar, finance minister in Iran’s pre-1979 government. The real story, Amuzegar said, is the growing discontent among the generation born after the 1979 revolution. This rising tide will eventually topple the regime, and the United States should just watch and wait. As for Arab anti-Americanism, Middle East scholar Barry Rubin chalked up much of it to propaganda fostered by leaders to divert attention from their own internal mismanagement and corruption. Countermeasures should include more effective American public diplomacy, according to Peter G. Peterson’s chair- man’s report on the findings of a Council-sponsored Independent Task Force. For post-Saddam Iraq, scholars Adeed Dawisha and Karen Dawisha proposed a federated democracy that would rely on indigenous assets, including an educated middle class and a past history of pluralistic politics. Former National Security Council staffer Kenneth M. Pollack outlined a plan for regional security in the post- Saddam Persian Gulf. And former U.S. ambassador to Israel Martin S. Indyk argued that the Bush administration’s “road map” for Mideast peace was insufficiently James F. Hoge Jr. ambitious, and that to move successfully from war in Iraq to Arab-Israeli peace-

20 Foreign Affairs making, the administration might have to consider con- troversial ideas such as a trusteeship for Palestine. On the other side of the globe, North Korea brought on another major crisis by threatening to restart its nuclear weapons program, and Korea experts James T. Laney and Jason T. Shaplen laid out a plan for handling the situation. Jessica E. Stern of Harvard’s Kennedy School analyzed how terrorist organizations were adapting to the Bush administration’s countermeasures, while Thomas Carothers of the Carnegie Endowment noted that one unfortunate casualty of the “war on terrorism” could be America’s efforts at democracy promotion abroad. As for the repairing of America’s bridges to the rest of the world after the guns fell silent, Professors Michael J. Glennon, Anne-Marie Slaughter, and Edward C. Luck offered contrasting opinions on whether the UN Security Council has suffered lasting damage from its members’ prewar squabbling. Philip H. Gordon of the Brookings Institution argued that the differences between the United States and key European powers were often exag- gerated, and Harvard’s Andrew Moravcsik called for a new postwar transatlantic bargain that recognizes each side’s valuable contributions. The year’s output also featured essays on China’s lead- ership transition; ’s mixed performance under Presi- dent ; the future of NATO; ’s incredibly slow return to economic vitality; prospects for Lula’s Brazil; and examinations of the vexing problems of , Colombia, and Kashmir. Lastly, considerable attention was given to problems The newly redesigned Foreign Affairs website, www.foreignaffairs.org, requiring global management: the spread of AIDS to has become an increasingly important tool to reach new subscribers, China, India, and Russia; the difficulties of humanitarian attracting 200,000 visitors each month and generating hundreds of relief efforts in the midst of substate conflicts; the chal- subscriptions. lenges of foreign assistance in an aging world; and increasing pressures on the poor in a globalizing economy.

Affairs articles and articles from other journals, and the introduction of the magazine’s Russian-language version. Benchmarks Foreign Affairs has been available in Japanese since 1990 Buoyed by Americans’ intensified interest in world and in Spanish since 2000. The magazine’s website was events, readership of Foreign Affairs continues to climb, relaunched in March with a clean new design and bringing paid circulation to 125,000, up from 112,000 a expanded functionality and content. The site’s 200,000 year ago. International readership has also surged, now visitors a month now have access to articles back to 1973, accounting for 25 percent of the total. The magazine con- background briefings, and a biweekly e-mail newsletter. tinues to hold the distinction of being one of the only seri- ous periodicals to be consistently profitable. James F. Hoge Jr. The past year saw the publication of several new text- Editor, Peter G. Peterson Chair books for the college classroom, composed of Foreign Foreign Affairs

21 Special Initiatives

o foster public debate on key foreign policy issues and reach out to the interested public, the Council augments its traditional pro- Tgrams through these Special Initiatives: • The Council assembled a team of senior journalists and launched “The Source,” at www.cfr.org, in the fall of 2002 to provide reliable, easy-to-understand, nonpartisan information and background on interna- tional issues. • The Council released eleven Independent Task Force reports and launched three more Task Forces. • The Center for Preventive Action (CPA) offered prac- tical recommendations for preventing deadly conflict in regions of particular vulnerability through two reports, one on the and another on Papua. • The Council published a Council Policy Initiative (CPI) by Lawrence J. Korb on three policy options for implementing the national security strategy. • The Congress and U.S. Foreign Policy Program encouraged a sustained and informed dialogue with members of Congress and their staffs. • And finally, honoring books that make an outstand- ing contribution to the understanding of foreign pol- icy or international relations, the second annual Arthur Ross Book Award was presented to for her book, “A Problem from Hell”: America and the Age of .

22 Special Initiatives

Outreach Program: “The Source”

n the increasingly complex world, informed Americans need a Iplace where they can find reliable, easy-to-understand, non- partisan information and background, where they can sort out fact from fiction and truth from spin. To address this need, the Board of Directors endorsed a new goal: outreach—to make the Council the source for ideas and clear and accurate information on key international issues for the interested public. As the principal vehicle to meet this goal, the Council launched “The Source,” at www.cfr.org, and assembled a team of experienced journalists: Michael Glennon, formerly of Newsweek and Newsweek International, is the senior editor of www.cfr.org; and Bernard M. Gwertzman, a former editor at and NYTimes.com, is the consulting editor. Due to the high-caliber information and insights on the site, premier web-based information providers are partnering with the Council: NYTimes.com carries on its international page the Council’s Q&As and Foreign Affairs articles; CNN.com features a link from its world page to “The Source,” as does Newsweek International. Other partners include the Online NewsHour, Yahoo! News, Economist.com, WashingtonPost.com, LATimes.com, ChicagoTribune.com, USAToday.com, and MTV.com.

Featured on sites such as CNN.com and NYTimes.com, “The Source” provides reliable, nonpartisan information and analysis on top international issues to a wider audience. Key sections include: • Background on the News—easy-to-understand analysis in Q&A format on hot topics • Terrorism: Q&A—the Council’s acclaimed online encyclopedia of terrorism • Gwertzman Asks the Experts—in-depth interviews with foreign policy experts • Must Reads—speeches, articles, and op-eds on current issues in international affairs and foreign policy organized by region and topic • Campaign 2004—foreign policy statements made by the presidential candidates • World Events Calendar—a comprehensive list of major international events

23 Special Initiatives

Top public policy schools also link to the Council’s site—Columbia Univer- sity’s School of International and Public Task Forces Affairs, Johns Hopkins University’s Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced Interna- tional Studies, ’s he Council sponsors an Independent Task Force when (1) an issue of School of Public and Tcurrent and critical importance to U.S. foreign policy arises and (2) it International Affairs, and Tufts Univer- seems that a group diverse in backgrounds and perspectives may, nonethe- sity’s Fletcher School of Law and Diplo- less, be able to reach a meaningful consensus on a policy through private macy—as do numerous other colleges, and nonpartisan deliberations. Once formed, Task Forces are independent universities, libraries, associations, and of the Council and solely responsible for their conclusions. think tanks. This year, under Lee Feinstein, director of strategic policy, who coordi- The CyberSkeptic’s Guide to Internet nates the Council’s Task Forces, many of the reports had a significant Research described www.cfr.org as “a site impact on the national debate. to come to for authoritative and balanced analysis when you become skeptical about the news you are getting from commercial TV, radio, and newsmagazines.” Library Journal named the Council’s “Terrorism: Q&A” site, at www.terrorismanswers.org, one of the best web sources of 2003, and it was also a finalist for a 2002 Online News Association Award. Over the past year, traffic to the web- site nearly doubled. Interest peaked dur- ing the war with Iraq, as the Council helped the public sort through the United Nations debate, the war itself, and the postwar regional and international fall- Lawrence H. Summers and Henry A. Kissinger, Co-Chairs of the Independent Task Force on out. The site also featured an Iraq timeline Transatlantic Relations, with Task Force Director Charles A. Kupchan and Council Research and select readings. Associate Jamie Fly. Under the direction of Vice President Irina A. Faskianos, the Outreach Program also developed ways to extend the reach The Independent Task Force on Emergency Responders, chaired by and impact of the Council and its work: it Warren B. Rudman, concluded that the United States remains dangerously leveraged the Council’s National Program unprepared to handle a catastrophic attack on American soil. The report with public events and local media inter- marked the first time that data from emergency responders was compiled views; organized a regional editors brief- to estimate national needs. The Task Force concluded that federal spend- ing series, moderated by Michael Glennon, ing would need to be tripled over the next five years to address a budget that generated several editorials and arti- gap of almost $100 billion. cles; and partnered with NYTimes.com to The Independent Task Force on Burma, chaired by former Assistant Sec- hold online forums moderated by Bernard retary of State Mathea Falco, called on the United States to urge the UN Gwertzman. Security Council to take action in response to the military government’s Building on the Council’s first three crackdown on the democratic opposition. goals, the Outreach Program will make The Independent Task Force on India and South Asia, co-chaired by a significant and lasting contribution to Marshall M. Bouton, Nicholas Platt, and Frank G. Wisner II, warned of the satisfying the interested public’s hunger threat to stability in Afghanistan without greater U.S. support to the tran- for reliable information and analysis.• sitional government of President Hamid Karzai. The report, cosponsored

24 Special Initiatives with the Asia Society, concluded that a return to war- ending the North’s nuclear programs depends on four lordism in Afghanistan would be a major defeat in the conditions: better relations between the United States and U.S. anti-terror campaign and would gravely erode South Korea, a genuine U.S. commitment to engaging in America’s credibility around the globe. The Task Force is serious negotiations, agreement on interim steps to pre- continuing its work on U.S.-India, U.S.-Pakistan, and Indo- vent further advances in the North’s nuclear program, Pakistani relations. and the ability to persuade China to use its influence with The Task Force on Chinese Military Power, under the North Korea. leadership of Chair Harold Brown and Vice Chair Joseph The Independent Task Force on Iraq, co-chaired by W. Prueher, concluded that while China is pursuing a Thomas R. Pickering and James R. Schlesinger, released its deliberate course of military modernization, it is at least report in March, days before the onset of the war. The Task two decades behind the United States in terms of military Force called on the United States to make the necessary technology. If the United States continues to dedicate sig- multiyear, multibillion-dollar commitment to rebuilding nificant resources to improving its military forces, as Iraq. It presciently warned that establishing public secu- expected, the balance between the United States and rity was a precondition for achieving any of the main China, both globally and in Asia, is likely to remain deci- objectives for post-conflict Iraq. The Task Force built on sively in America’s favor for at least the next twenty years. the work of the Council on Foreign Relations–Baker Insti- The Task Force on Korea, co-chaired by Morton I. tute Working Group on Post-Conflict Iraq, co-chaired by Abramowitz and James T. Laney, released its fourth Edward P. Djerejian and Frank G. Wisner II. report in May. The Task Force concluded that progress on The Independent Task Force on Threats to Democracy, Council Task Force reports provide independent recommendations on critical foreign policy issues.

Former Senator Warren B. Rudman (R-NH), Co-Chair of an Independent Task Force on Homeland Security, and Task Force Director Stephen E. Flynn met with Senator (D-CA) prior to testifying on Capitol Hill. Special Initiatives

co-chaired by Madeleine K. Albright and Bronislaw Gere- mek, released its findings at the second annual meeting of the Community of Democracies in Seoul, South Korea, in November 2002. The report recommended a set of coor- dinated international responses to coups d’état and other erosions of democracy as well as preventive measures. The Independent Task Force on Homeland Security warned that the country is still dangerously unprepared to prevent and respond to another catastrophic terrorist attack. Co-chaired by Gary Hart and Warren B. Rudman, the Task Force included two former secretaries of state, three Nobel laureates, two former chairmen of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, a former director of the CIA and the FBI, and some of the nation’s most distinguished financial, legal, and medical authorities. Their findings topped the news of virtually every major newspaper and news pro- gram, generated hearings on Capitol Hill, and prompted Representative David Dreier (R-CA) and former Representative Lee H. legislation in statehouses and municipalities around the Hamilton (D-IN), Co-Chairs of the Independent Task Force on Enhancing country. U.S. Leadership at the United Nations, present the findings of their Task The Independent Task Force on Terrorist Financing, Force to Council members and the press on Capitol Hill. chaired by Maurice R. Greenberg, attracted extensive media attention to this critical aspect of the war on terror- ism. The Task Force found that U.S. efforts to curb terrorist The Independent Task Force on Homeland Security topped the news of the major media.

Terrorist Financing Task Force Chair Maurice R. Greenberg and Task Force Co-Directors William F. Wechsler and Lee S. Wolosky discuss their report at an October 2002 Meeting in New York. Commissioned to evaluate the effective- ness of U.S. efforts to disrupt terrorist financing after the , the report sparked debate when it said that the administration’s current efforts were “strategically inadequate” to pro- tect U.S. security.

26 Special Initiatives

financing are not commensurate with the ongoing threat to principal recommendations: integrate public diplomacy U.S. national security. officials into the policymaking process to make public The Independent Task Force on Enhancing U.S. Leader- diplomacy concerns “present at the creation” of U.S. for- ship at the United Nations, co-chaired by David Dreier and eign policy; create a public diplomacy coordinating struc- Lee H. Hamilton, concluded that the United States is less ture led by the president’s personal designee to advise the effective in the United Nations than it can and should be, president and set public diplomacy priorities; and and it outlined a strategy based on expanded cooperation develop public-private partnerships, including the cre- among the UN’s democracies to do better. Representatives ation of a Corporation for Public Diplomacy, to give flexi- David Dreier (R-CA) and Tom Lantos (D-CA) sponsored bility and energy to America’s public diplomacy efforts. legislation based on the findings of the Task Force in the spring of 2003. Freedom House cosponsored the report. Task Forces Under Way The Independent Task Force on Public Diplomacy, The Independent Task Force on Transatlantic Relations, chaired by Peter G. Peterson, concluded that the United co-chaired by Henry A. Kissinger and Lawrence H. Sum- States must do much more to counter rising anti-Ameri- mers, was convened in light of the widening rift between canism. The Task Force report, revised in 2003 to take the United States and Europe. The panel will examine the account of developments after the war in Iraq, made three extent of current differences between the United States

Thomas R. Pickering and James R. Schlesinger, Co-Chairs of the Independent Task Force on Iraq, with Task Force Direc- tor Eric Schwartz and Task Force member Gordon Sullivan.

27 Special Initiatives and Europe, determine whether the relationship needs to Paul X. Kelley and Graham T. Allison, will provide the be substantially reoriented, and outline policy paths to third and final evaluation of nonlethal weapons by Coun- carry out the preferred strategy. The Task Force includes cil-sponsored Independent Task Forces. senior former government officials, leaders from busi- The Independent Task Force on Japan, co-chaired by C. ness, and policy experts, as well as a number of leading Fred Bergsten and Carla A. Hills, will recommend how to European voices. work with Japanese leaders to make the difficult deci- The Independent Task Force on Nonlethal Weapons sions necessary to rejuvenate the Japanese economy. The will assess available information and prepare a report Task Force is cosponsored by the Council and the Insti- that will define the best path for integrating nonlethal tute of International Economics. capabilities into U.S. military doctrine and operations in For a list of recent Task Force reports, please see pages the wake of the war in Iraq. The Task Force, co-chaired by 75–76. •

The Center for Preventive Action

with specific, tangible recommendations that use incen- eadly ethnic and civil conflicts continue to plague tives—“carrots and sticks”—to unite the stakeholders and Dmany parts of the world, with dangerous implica- to modify the behavior of key local leaders. tions for the regions in which they occur and beyond. The When an armed conflict or potential conflict with Council’s Center for Preventive Action seeks to identify important implications for U.S. policy develops, the center and engage stakeholders—governments, international creates a Preventive Action Commission with the aim of organizations, nongovernmental organizations, and the reaching a meaningful consensus on policy recommenda- business community—to develop and promote peaceful tions through independent, nonpartisan deliberations. and sustainable solutions. The center fashions strategies These recommendations are released in a written report

CNN.com featured information and views provided by experts at the Council on Foreign Relations about turmoil plaguing countries and regions throughout the world, including effects of unresolved strife, efforts to restore peace, and recommendations for possible resolutions. Special Initiatives that is widely distributed to interested par- ties, including stakeholders directly involved in the situation, members of the Council Policy Initiatives U.S. Congress and executive branch, Amer- ican and foreign diplomats, relevant repre- sentatives at the United Nations and other he Council undertakes a Council Policy Initiative (CPI) when a applicable international organizations or Tforeign policy issue is of current and critical importance but it financial institutions, and concerned non- seems highly unlikely that clashing views can be reconciled in a mean- governmental and business interest groups. ingful consensus by a Task Force. The goal of a CPI is to spark debate Officially relaunched in March 2002, the among interested Americans on key foreign policy choices in ways that center released its first Preventive Action can be easily understood by informed nonexperts. CPI authors try to Commission report, Balkans 2010, in make the best case for each alternative. December 2002, and its second, Indonesia: To this end, the Council publishes a concise text containing the Peace and Progress in Papua, in May 2003. choices, usually written as speeches that a U.S. president could give, The center has also convened a Preventive with a cover memo written as if by a key presidential adviser, sum- Action Commission on Colombia and the marizing the choices and giving the necessary historical and political Andean region, Andes 2020. The center is background. overseen by an advisory committee chaired Lawrence J. Korb’s ANew National Security Strategy in an Age of Terror- by General John W. Vessey, U.S. Army ists, Tyrants, and Weapons of Mass Destruction: Three Options Presented as (Ret.), former chairman of the Joint Chiefs Presidential Speeches lays out alternative national security strategies being of Staff, and is directed by Council Senior discussed within and outside the Bush administration. These alterna- Fellow William L. Nash, a retired U.S. tives would lead the United States in very different directions. The first, Army major general.• “U.S. Dominance and Preventive Action,” argues that the United States must have the capability and will to use force, preemptively and unilat- erally if necessary, to meet the threat from rogue states and terrorists. The second, “A More Stable World with U.S. Power for Deterrence and Containment,” states that dealing with the most urgent threats requires the United States to take the views of others into account and make a serious effort to contain and deter these threats before resorting to mil- itary force. The third, “A Cooperative World Order,” calls for a more cooperative, rule-based international system backed by American power used in concert with U.S. friends and allies.•

Dominance and preventive action? Deterrence and containment? Or a cooperative world order? ACouncil Policy Initiative discusses these national security strategy options.

29 Council President Leslie H. Gelb meets with congressional staffers as part of the Congress and U.S. Foreign Policy Program. The number of congres- sional members who participated in Council events more than tripled this year. The Congress and U.S. Foreign Policy Program aims to improve Capitol Hill’s understanding of international issues.

Congress and U.S. Foreign Policy Program

directors Robert C. Orr and Alton Frye. The roundtable n informed Congress is essential to an effective brought together a bipartisan, senior-level group of con- AAmerican foreign policy, and an informed con- gressional staff members from both houses to discuss gressional staff is essential to an effective Congress. the top foreign policy challenges of today and tomor- Reaching across party lines, the Council’s Congress row. More than 150 congressional staffers participated in and U.S. Foreign Policy Program provides a forum for over 20 roundtables on issues ranging from NATO’s senators and representatives and their staffs to dis- mission in the 21st century to the Millennium Challenge cuss major international issues in small nonattribu- Account. tion settings. The initiative to cultivate relationships on Capitol This year, the Council increased its efforts to create a Hill more than tripled the number of members who par- sustained foreign policy dialogue on Capitol Hill. ticipated in Council events. Members of Congress— Through its popular congressional roundtable and a including , Carl Levin, Jim Kolbe, Norman special initiative to involve more members of Congress Dicks, James Leach, Joseph I. Lieberman, David Dreier, in events, the Council strengthened its ties with key leg- , Joseph R. Biden, Bob Graham, Larry islators. The Congress and U.S. Foreign Policy Program, Craig, and John Sununu—addressed a range of pressing co-chaired by Thomas E. Donilon and Kenneth M. issues, including drugs and terrorism in Colombia, U.S.- Duberstein, was conducted under the leadership of co- Syrian relations, and postwar Iraq.•

30 Special Initiatives

The Arthur Ross Book Award

he annual Arthur Ross Book Award recognizes books Tthat make an outstanding contribution to the under- standing of foreign policy or international relations. The prize, endowed by Arthur Ross in 2001, is for nonfiction works from the past two years, in English or translation, that merit special attention for:

• bringing forth new information that can change our understanding of events or problems; • developing analytical approaches that allow new and different insights into a key issue; or • providing new ideas to help resolve foreign policy problems.

Silver Medalist Margaret MacMillian, Arthur Ross, Honoree Philip Bobbitt, Jury Chair Morton L. Janklow, and Gold Medalist Samantha Power at the June 23, 2003, Arthur Ross Book Award Lunch.

With a gold medal prize of $10,000 and a silver medal prize of $5,000, the Arthur Ross Book Award is the most sub- stantial award in the United States for any book on interna- tional affairs. The winning books are chosen by a jury comprising scholars, practitioners, and businesspeople, including the editor of Foreign Affairs. The jury is chaired by publishing agent Morton L. Janklow. In 2003, the gold medal was awarded to Samantha Power for her book ”A Problem from Hell”: America and the Age of Genocide. The silver medal went to Margaret MacMillan for 1919: Six Months That Changed the World, and an honor- able mention was awarded to Philip Bobbitt for The Shield of Achilles: War, Peace, and the Course of History.•

31 Studies Program

he Studies Department, our “think tank,” is central to achieving the Council’s goal of adding value to the foreign policy debate. Studies does this primarily through fel- lows’ research and their writing on U.S. foreign policy challenges, whether long term Tor more immediate. This year was no exception. In addition to publishing two major books—Michael Mandelbaum’s The Ideas That Conquered the World and Charles A. Kupchan’s The End of the American Era—and over 200 op-eds and articles, the fellows offered their expert knowledge to local, national, and international media for inter- views and as background for informed reporting, particularly surrounding the war in Iraq. Such highly visible activities not only supplement the fellows’ research and members’ understanding but also provide incomparable support for the Council’s new outreach initiative.

Program Highlights

Middle East Middle East Roundtable PROJECT DIRECTOR: Richard W. Murphy, Hasib J. Sabbagh Program Director: Rachel Bronson Senior Fellow for the Middle East Roundtable on the Middle East and Islam Middle East Forum PROJECT DIRECTOR: Rachel Bronson, Senior Fellow and PROJECT DIRECTOR: Judith Kipper, Director, Middle East Director, Middle East and Gulf Studies Forum CHAIR: Anthony C. Zinni U.S./Middle East Project Roundtable PROJECT DIRECTOR: Henry Siegman, Senior Fellow and Energy Security Group Director, U.S./Middle East Project PROJECT DIRECTOR: Judith Kipper, Director, Middle East PROJECT COORDINATOR: Scott Lasensky, Assistant Director, Forum U.S./Middle East Project, and Fellow CHAIR: William F. Martin, Washington Policy and Analysis, Inc.

32 Studies Program

Speaker Jeanette Kagame, First Lady of Rwanda, and Co-Chairs Alexandra Draxler and Gene Sperling at the March 5, 2003, Con- ference on the Development Connection between AIDS and Education, cosponsored by UNAIDS and the Council on Foreign Rela- tions Center on Universal Education.

Maurice R. Greenberg Center Roundtable on Global Economics for Geoeconomic Studies PROJECT DIRECTOR: Caroline Atkinson, Adjunct Senior Fellow Roundtable on Development Acting Director: Benn Steil PROJECT DIRECTORS: Study Group on Appropriate Governance: Morton H. Halperin, Senior Fellow and Director, Managing Free Trade in the Age of Turbulence U.S. Foreign Policy, and Center for Democracy and Free Markets PROJECT DIRECTOR: Jagdish N. Bhagwati, André Meyer Senior Fellow in International Economics Gene B. Sperling, Senior Fellow for Economic Policy, and Director of the Center on Universal Education CHAIR: W. Bowman Cutter, Warburg Pincus Mark Malloch Brown, Administrator, United Nations Study Group on Building a Development Programme Transatlantic Securities Market COSPONSORED WITH THE UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME PROJECT DIRECTOR: Benn Steil, Acting Director, Maurice R. Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies, and C. Peter McColough Series on International André Meyer Senior Fellow in International Economics Economics PROJECT DIRECTOR: Benn Steil, Acting Director, Maurice R. CHAIR: Peter J. Wallison, American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies, and André Meyer Senior Fellow in International Economics Study Group on the Americanization of Finance COSPONSORED WITH THE CORPORATE PROGRAM PROJECT DIRECTOR: Roger M. Kubarych, Henry Kaufman McKinsey Executive Roundtable Series in Adjunct Senior Fellow in International Economics International Economics and Finance PROJECT DIRECTOR: Benn Steil, Acting Director, Maurice R. Study Group on the World Bank Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies, and under James Wolfensohn André Meyer Senior Fellow in International Economics PROJECT DIRECTOR: Sebastian Mallaby, Senior Fellow COSPONSORED WITH THE CORPORATE PROGRAM in International Development CHAIR: Jessica P. Einhorn, Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies, Johns Hopkins University

33 Studies Program

Asia Program Director: Elizabeth C. Economy Study Group on China and the Environment PROJECT DIRECTOR: Elizabeth C. Economy, C.V. Starr Senior Fellow and Director of Asia Studies CHAIR: J. Stapleton Roy, Kissinger McLarty Associates Study Group on an Asian Union: Challenges and Opportunities for the United States Princeton N. Lyman, Ralph J. Bunche Jr., and Peter G. Peterson at the June 12, 2003, Dinner to celebrate the appointment of Lyman as the Ralph Bunche Senior PROJECT DIRECTOR: Elizabeth C. Economy, Fellow in Africa Policy Studies. C.V. Starr Senior Fellow and Director of Asia Studies Study Group on Chinese Economic Development and U.S. National Security Center on Universal Education PROJECT DIRECTOR: Adam Segal, Maurice R. PROJECT DIRECTOR: Gene Sperling, Senior Fellow Greenberg Senior Fellow in China Studies for Economic Policy, and Director of the Center on Universal Education CHAIR: Kenneth G. Lieberthal, Roundtable on the Global Campaign for Education U.S.-Asia Update Roundtable Series PROJECT DIRECTOR: Elizabeth C. Economy, C.V. Starr PROJECT DIRECTOR: Gene Sperling, Senior Fellow for Economic Policy, and Director of the Center Senior Fellow and Director of Asia Studies on Universal Education Winston Lord Roundtable on Asia, the Rule of Law, Roundtable on the Development Connection and U.S. Foreign Policy between AIDS and Education PROJECT DIRECTOR: Jerome A. Cohen, Adjunct Senior Fellow PROJECT DIRECTOR: Gene Sperling, Senior Fellow Roundtable on Japan for Economic Policy, and Director of the Center PROJECT DIRECTOR: Eugene A. Matthews, Senior Fellow, on Universal Education Asia Studies Roundtable on Alternative Futures for South Asia Africa and U.S. Policy PROJECT DIRECTOR: Mahnaz Ispahani, Senior Fellow Program Director: Princeton N. Lyman for South and West Asia Roundtable on African Governance: Regional, Continental, and Global Dynamics Business and Foreign Policy PROJECT DIRECTOR: Gwendolyn Mikell, Senior Fellow Program Director: David Braunschvig Nigeria Clearing House PROJECT DIRECTORS: Study Group on Judging Corporate Liability Princeton N. Lyman, Ralph Bunche Senior Fellow in the Global Economy in Africa Policy Studies PROJECT DIRECTOR: Elliot J. Schrage, Adjunct Senior Fellow Caroline Atkinson, Adjunct Senior Fellow in Business and Foreign Policy

34 Studies Program

Roundtable on Business and Foreign Policy Europe PROJECT DIRECTOR: David Braunschvig, Bernard L. Schwartz Senior Fellow and Director, Business and Program Director: Charles A. Kupchan Foreign Policy George F. Kennan Roundtable on Russia and Eurasia PROJECT DIRECTOR: Stephen R. Sestanovich, George F. Kennan Center for Preventive Action Senior Fellow for Russian and Eurasian Studies Roundtable on Russian Foreign Policy in the Wake Program Director: William L. Nash of September 11 Center for Preventive Action Indonesia Commission: PROJECT DIRECTORS: Peace and Progress in Papua Stephen R. Sestanovich, George F. Kennan Senior Fellow for Russian and Eurasian Studies PROJECT DIRECTOR: David L. Phillips, Senior Fellow and Deputy Director, Center for Preventive Action Robert Legvold, Columbia University COSPONSORED WITH THE HARRIMAN INSTITUTE, COLUMBIA CHAIR: Dennis C. Blair, Institute for Defense Analyses UNIVERSITY Andes 2020: A New U.S. Strategy for the Challenges Roundtable on NATO and Terrorism: Opportunities of Colombia and the Region for the Transatlantic Relationship after September 11 PROJECT DIRECTORS: PROJECT DIRECTOR: Ronald D. Asmus, Adjunct Senior Fellow William L. Nash, John W. Vessey Senior Fellow and CHAIR: Richard G. Lugar, U.S. Senate (R-IN) Director of the Center for Preventive Action COSPONSORED WITH THE OF THE Julia E. Sweig, Senior Fellow and Deputy Director, UNITED STATES Latin America Program Roundtable on Nationalism in Europe CO-CHAIRS: PROJECT DIRECTOR: James M. Goldgeier, Adjunct Senior Fellow Daniel W. Christman, U.S. Chamber of Commerce John G. Heimann, Warburg Pincus Roundtable on the Implications of EU/NATO Enlargement PROJECT DIRECTOR: James M. Goldgeier, Adjunct Senior Fellow

Presider Eli Whitney Debevoise II, Speaker Walter T. Molano, BCP Securities, Speaker Luiz Felipe de Alencastro, University of Paris, Sorbonne, and Commentator Kenneth R. Maxwell at the October 30, 2002, Latin America Roundtable, “Brazil: Political and Economic Challenges Facing the President-Elect and Implications for U.S. Policy in Latin America.”

35 Studies Program

National Security Program Director: Lawrence J. Korb Study Group on the History of Military Revolutions PROJECT DIRECTOR: Max Boot, Olin Senior Fellow, National Security Studies PROJECT CHAIR: Paul M. Kennedy, Roundtable on Homeland Security PROJECT DIRECTOR: Lawrence J. Korb, Senior Fellow and Director, National Security Studies

Presider Robert P. DeVecchi and Speakers Robert P.J. Finn, U.S. Embassy, Kabul, and Roundtable on National Security: Lawrence J. Korb, Council on Foreign Relations, at the November 13, 2002, Military Strategy and Options Roundtable on Afghanistan, “Inside Afghanistan: The View from the U.S. Embassy.” PROJECT DIRECTOR: Bernard E. Trainor, Adjunct Senior Fellow Pieter A. Fisher European Studies Roundtable John J. McCloy Roundtable on Setting PROJECT DIRECTOR: Charles A. Kupchan, Senior Fellow the National Security Agenda and Director of Europe Studies PROJECT DIRECTOR: Richard K. Betts, Adjunct Senior Fellow Roundtable on National Security Latin America PROJECT DIRECTOR: Dennis C. Blair, Adjunct Senior Fellow, Program Director: Kenneth R. Maxwell National Security Studies Study Group on Brazil at 500 Roundtable on Afghanistan PROJECT DIRECTOR: Kenneth R. Maxwell, Nelson and PROJECT DIRECTOR: Lawrence J. Korb, Senior Fellow David Rockefeller Senior Fellow for Inter-American and Director, National Security Studies Studies, and Director, Latin America Studies Latin America Roundtable Peace and Conflict PROJECT DIRECTORS: Program Director: Arthur C. Helton Kenneth R. Maxwell, Nelson and David Rockefeller Senior Fellow for Inter-American Studies, Study Group on Palestinian Refugees and Director, Latin America Studies PROJECT DIRECTOR: Arthur C. Helton, Director, Julia E. Sweig, Senior Fellow and Deputy Director, Peace and Conflict Studies, and Senior Fellow, Latin America Program Refugee Studies and Preventive Action CHAIR: Stephen J. Friedman, Debevoise & Plimpton Roundtable on the Andean Region PROJECT DIRECTOR: Julia E. Sweig, Senior Fellow and Roundtable on Women’s Human Rights Deputy Director, Latin America Program and U.S. Interests PROJECT DIRECTOR: Jennifer Seymour Whitaker, The Chase Inter-American Adjunct Senior Fellow Forthcoming Issues Series PROJECT DIRECTOR: Kenneth R. Maxwell, Nelson and Roundtable on Refugees and the Displaced David Rockefeller Senior Fellow for Inter-American PROJECT DIRECTOR: Robert P. DeVecchi, Adjunct Senior Studies, and Director, Latin America Studies Fellow, Refugees and the Displaced

36 Studies Program

Science and Technology Roundtable on Health and U.S. Foreign Policy PROJECT DIRECTOR: Jordan S. Kassalow, Adjunct Senior Program Director: Richard L. Garwin Fellow Study Group on Space Posture for the 21st Century PROJECT DIRECTORS: Richard L. Garwin, Philip D. Reed Senior Fellow U.S. Foreign Policy and Director in Science and Technology Program Director: Morton H. Halperin Bruce M. DeBlois, Adjunct Senior Fellow Study Group on the History of U.S. Foreign Policy Study Group on New Nuclear Weapons Phase II: With God on Our Side: American PROJECT DIRECTOR: Robert W. Nelson, Senior Fellow, Apocalypse and the Mall at the End of the World Science and Technology PROJECT DIRECTOR: , Senior Fellow, CHAIR: Janne Emilie Nolan, Georgetown University U.S. Foreign Policy Roundtable on the World Summit Study Group on Democracy and Development on Sustainable Development PROJECT DIRECTORS: PROJECT DIRECTORS: Morton H. Halperin, Senior Fellow and Director, David G. Victor, Adjunct Senior Fellow U.S. Foreign Policy, and Center for Democracy Jesse H. Ausubel, and Free Markets Joe Siegle, Douglas Dillon Fellow Roundtable on Global Satellite Navigation: Michael M. Weinstein, Adjunct Senior Fellow GPS and Galileo COSPONSORED WITH THE MAURICE R. GREENBERG CENTER PROJECT DIRECTORS: FOR GEOECONOMIC STUDIES Richard L. Garwin, Philip D. Reed Senior Fellow Center for Democracy and Free Markets and Director in Science and Technology DIRECTOR: Morton H. Halperin, Senior Fellow David Braunschvig, Bernard L. Schwartz Senior Fellow and Director, U.S. Foreign Policy, and Center and Director, Business and Foreign Policy for Democracy and Free Markets

Speaker Noeleen Heyzer, United Nations Development Fund for Women, Presider Isobel Coleman, and Speaker Donald Steinberg, U.S. Department of State, at the March 6, 2003, Roundtable on Women and U.S. Foreign Policy, “The Role of Women in Peacebuilding and Reconstruction.”

37 Studies Program

Discussant John B. Bellinger III, Co-Chair Lee Feinstein, Co-Chair Anne-Marie Slaughter, and Discussant William J. Durch at the April 10, 2003, Meeting of the Roundtable on “Old Rules, New Threats.”

Roundtable on Women and U.S. Foreign Policy Other Activities PROJECT DIRECTOR: Isobel Coleman, Senior Fellow, U.S. Foreign Policy Community of Scholars Roundtable PROJECT DIRECTOR: Michael P. Peters, Roundtable on “Old Rules, New Threats” Executive Vice President and Director of Studies PROJECT DIRECTOR AND CO-CHAIR: Lee Feinstein, Deputy Director of Studies and Senior Fellow for U.S. Foreign Global Kids Roundtable Policy and International Law PROJECT DIRECTORS: CO-CHAIR: Anne-Marie Slaughter, American Society Denise Gomes, Research Associate, Science of International Law and Technology and Peace and Conflict Studies COSPONSORED WITH THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF INTERNATIONAL LAW Jeremy Marwell, Research Associate, Science and Technology Roundtable on Democracy Promotion PROJECT DIRECTOR: Morton H. Halperin, Senior Fellow Next Generation Fellows Roundtable and Director, U.S. Foreign Policy, and Center PROJECT DIRECTOR: Theophilos Gemelas, for Democracy and Free Markets Associate Director of Studies COSPONSORED WITH THE MAURICE R. GREENBERG CENTER FOR CHAIR: GEOECONOMIC STUDIES Allan E. Goodman, Institute of International Education

Michelle R. Forrest, Daniel M. Fox, Speaker Jean O. Lanjouw, Brookings Institution and the Center for Global Development, and Presider Jordan S. Kassalow at the April 16, 2003, Roundtable on Health and U.S. Foreign Policy, “Intellectual Property Rights: Help or Hindrance?”

38 Studies Program

Council Military Fellows Colonel (P) Salvatore F. Cambria (U.S. Army), Rear Admiral (Select) Jeffrey L. Fowler (U.S. Navy), Colonel Martin D. Peatross (U.S. Marine Corps), and Colonel Walter D. Givhan (U.S. Air Force) at the Council on Foreign Relations in the fall of 2002.

International Affairs 2003–2004 International Affairs Fellows Fellowship Program Ramin Asgard, U.S. Department of State Thomas C. Beierle, Resources for the Future The International Affairs Fellowship Program is designed to advance the professional development of outstanding Michelle Billig, U.S. Department of Energy Americans between the ages of 27 and 35. The fellowships Katherine E. Bliss, University of Massachusetts seek to bridge the gap between thought and action in Barbara M. Connolly, University of Notre Dame foreign policy by supporting both a variety of policy Paul R. Daniels,* U.S. Army studies and active exposure to policymaking. The distinctive character of the program lies in the contrasting Robert Dujarric,* Hudson Institute experiences it provides at the juncture of policy research Julie E. Fischer, U.S. Senate Committee on Veterans Affairs and policy formulation. Thus, it encourages academics Jean A. Garrison, University of Wyoming and others from the private sector to serve in a policy- Jeffrey S. Kojac, U.S. Marine Corps oriented environment through operational experience in public service. Conversely, it permits government officials Fred T. Krawchuk,* U.S. Army on leave to study key issues in a scholarly atmosphere free Suzanne Maloney, ExxonMobil Corporation from operational pressure. Nancy Yao,* Goldman Sachs (Asia), LLC The International Affairs Fellowship in Japan, sponsored by Hitachi, Ltd., enables participants to expand their intellectual and professional horizons by working and living in Japan. Fellowships are intended for American citizens between the ages of 27 and 45. The program seeks to cultivate American understanding of Japan and to strengthen communication between emerging leaders of the two nations. The Council organizes an annual conference in New York featuring the current fellows. *International Affairs Fellow in Japan, sponsored by Hitachi, Ltd.

39 New York Meetings Program

he New York Meetings Program provides members with the opportunity to exchange ideas with world leaders, policymakers, scholars, respected experts, and opinion shapers. Each year, the Meetings Program convenes over 100 events, including single- Tspeaker interviews, debates, panels, town hall meetings, author interviews, videocon- ferences, and film screenings. This year, the program focused extensively on the developments in Iraq and their effect on U.S. foreign policy before, during, and after the war. This included several town hall meetings; discussions with Secretary of Defense Donald H. Rumsfeld, chief United Nations weapons inspector Hans Blix, and Inter- national Atomic Energy Agency Director General Mohamed ElBaradei; as well as expert panels on the economic and humanitarian repercussions of the war and the effects on U.S. relations with countries neighboring Iraq. Meeting highlights included discussions on the prospects for democracy and stability in the Middle East, debates about the Israeli-Palestinian peace process and North Korea’s nuclear weapons program, and panels examining the rifts in the United Nations and the transatlantic relationship. The Council also hosted meetings with Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi of Japan, President Hamid Karzai of Afghanistan, and President Thabo Mbeki of South Africa.

Program Highlights

Junichiro Koizumi Thabo Mbeki Prime Minister of Japan President of the Republic of South Africa; Chairman, “Japan-U.S. Alliance in the 21st Century: African Union Three Challenges”* “Meeting with Thabo Mbeki” PRESIDER: Peter G. Peterson PRESIDER: Robert E. Rubin SEPTEMBER 10, 2002 SEPTEMBER 12, 2002 COSPONSORED WITH JIJI PRESS THE DAVID ROCKEFELLER LECTURE

Alvaro Uribe Hamid Karzai President of Colombia President of the Transitional Islamic State of Afghanistan “Meeting with Alvaro Uribe”* “Meeting with Hamid Karzai”* PRESIDER: Thomas F. McLarty III PRESIDER: George J. Mitchell SEPTEMBER 12, 2002 SEPTEMBER 13, 2002

40 New York Meetings Program

Ahmed Maher El Sayyed Minister of Foreign Affairs, Egypt “Security Instead of Peace or Security through Peace?”* PRESIDER: Frank G. Wisner II SEPTEMBER 18, 2002

Ami Ayalon Former Director, Shin Bet Security Service, Israel “Israelis and Palestinians at the Brink: New Thinking and New Initiatives for Peace” PRESIDER: Leslie H. Gelb SEPTEMBER 30, 2002

Sari Nusseibeh President, Al-Quds University; Palestinian National Authority Commissioner for Jerusalem Affairs Speaker Junichiro Koizumi, Prime Minister of Japan, and Presider Peter “Israelis and Palestinians at the Brink: New Thinking G. Peterson at the September 10, 2002, Meeting, “Japan-U.S. Alliance in the 21st Century: Three Challenges.” and New Initiatives for Peace” PRESIDER: Barton Gellman OCTOBER 3, 2002 Tony Judt Professor Emeritus, Department of Near Eastern Studies, Director, Remarque Institute, New York University Princeton University Robert W. Kagan “What Went Wrong? Western Impact Senior Associate, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace and Middle Eastern Response” “Americans Are from Mars, Europeans Are PRESIDER: Walter Russell Mead from Venus: They Agree on Little and Understand OCTOBER 10, 2002 Each Other Less and Less” PRESIDER: Leslie H. Gelb OCTOBER 8, 2002 THE JOHN B. HURFORD MEMORIAL LECTURE *Meeting endowed by the Thomas J. Watson Foundation.

Speaker Mohamed ElBaradei, Director General, International Atomic Energy Agency, and Presider Nancy E. Soderberg at the Janu- ary 30, 2003, Meeting, “Iraq: Inspections— What’s Next?”

41 New York Meetings Program

Speaker Timothy Garton Ash, Director, European Studies Center, St. Antony’s College, , Speaker Madeleine K. Albright, Principal, Albright Group LLC, Presider Joseph A. Klein, Speaker Brent Scowcroft, President, Forum for International Policy, and Speaker Andrew Kohut, Director, Pew Research Center for the People and the Press, at the December 5, 2002, Meeting on the Release of the Pew Global Attitudes Survey, “A Reason for Reflection: Views of America from Abroad as We Head into a Likely War with Iraq.”

Charles Duelfer Jeffrey E. Garten Former Deputy Executive Chairman, United Nations Author, The Politics of Fortune Special Commission C. Michael Armstrong Khidir Hamza Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, AT&T Former Director, Iraq’s nuclear program; author, John L. Thornton Saddam’s Bombmaker President and Co-Chief Operating Officer, Goldman Sachs Richard Spertzel Group, Inc. Chief, Biological Weapons Team, United Nations “The Politics of Fortune: A New Agenda for Special Commission Business Leaders—Business and Foreign Policy “Iraq: Sending the Arms Inspectors—If They Get In, in the Post–9/11, Post- Era” What Can They Find?” PRESIDER: Paul E. Steiger PRESIDER: NOVEMBER 12, 2002 OCTOBER 16, 2002 THE BERNARD L. SCHWARTZ LECTURE ON BUSINESS AND FOREIGN POLICY

Michael O’Hanlon Jeremy Greenstock Senior Fellow, Foreign Policy Studies, Brookings Institution Permanent Representative of the Kenneth M. Pollack to the United Nations Senior Fellow and Director of Research, Saban Center Jean-David Levitte for Middle East Policy, Brookings Institution; author, Permanent Representative of France The Threatening Storm: The Case for Invading Iraq to the United Nations “Iraq: A Town Hall Meeting” “Iraq: The United States and the United Nations— PRESIDER: Leslie H. Gelb Views from the United Kingdom and France”* OCTOBER 17, 2002 PRESIDER: Walter S. Isaacson NOVEMBER 13, 2002 Hans Blix Executive Chairman, United Nations Monitoring, Madeleine K. Albright Verification, and Inspection Commission Principal, Albright Group LLC; former U.S. Secretary of State “Iraq: Can Inspections Do the Job?” Timothy Garton Ash PRESIDER: Richard N. Gardner Director, European Studies Center, St. Antony’s College, OCTOBER 31, 2002 University of Oxford Andrew Kohut Director, Pew Research Center for the People and the Press

42 New York Meetings Program

Brent Scowcroft President, Forum for International Policy; former U.S. National Security Adviser “A Reason for Reflection: Views of America from Abroad as We Head into a Likely War with Iraq” PRESIDER: Joseph A. Klein INTRODUCTORY REMARKS: Rebecca W. Rimel DECEMBER 5, 2002

John J. Devine President, Arkin Group, LLC; former Deputy Director Presider Charlie Rose, Speaker Brent Scowcroft, President, Forum for International of Operations, Central Intelligence Agency Policy, and Speaker Samuel R. Berger, Chairman, Stonebridge International, at the David L. Grange February 24, 2003, Meeting, “Iraq and the War on Terrorism: What Should Our Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer, National Security Priorities Be?” Robert R. McCormick Tribune Foundation; Brigadier General, U.S. Air Force (Ret.) Laith Kubba (in New York) Thomas G. McInerney President, Iraq National Group Former President and Chief Executive Officer, Business Frank G. Wisner II (in New York) Executives for National Security; Lieutenant General, Vice Chairman, External Affairs, American International U.S. Air Force (Ret.) Group, Inc. Bernard E. Trainor Videoconferenced Meeting: “Iraq: The Day After” Adjunct Senior Fellow, Council on Foreign Relations; Lieutenant General, U.S. Marine Corps (Ret.) PRESIDER: Rachel Bronson (in New York) JANUARY 16, 2003 “Iraq: The War” COSPONSORED WITH THE JAMES A. BAKER III INSTITUTE PRESIDER: Lawrence J. Korb FOR PUBLIC POLICY, RICE UNIVERSITY DECEMBER 12, 2002 Daniel Benjamin Max Boot Senior Fellow, Center for Strategic and International Studies; Olin Senior Fellow, National Security Studies, Council author, The Age of Sacred Terror on Foreign Relations Caryle Marie Murphy Rachel Bronson Reporter, Washington Post; author, Passion for Islam: Senior Fellow and Director, Middle East and Gulf Studies, Shaping the Modern Middle East: The Egyptian Experience Council on Foreign Relations Shibley Telhami Charles A. Kupchan Anwar Sadat Professor for Peace and Development, Senior Fellow and Director of Europe Studies, Council on Department of Government and Politics, University of Foreign Relations Maryland; author, The Stakes: America and the Middle East Walter Russell Mead “Islamic Extremism: Understanding the Origins Senior Fellow, U.S. Foreign Policy, Council on Foreign and Trends” Relations PRESIDER: Michael S. Doran “Iraq Town Hall” JANUARY 16, 2003 PRESIDER: Leslie H. Gelb DECEMBER 18, 2002 Gary Hart ANNUAL DAUGHTERS AND SONS EVENT Senior Counsel, Coudert Brothers; former Member, U.S. Senate (D-CO) Edward P. Djerejian (in Houston) “In Search of National Security” Director, James A. Baker III Institute for Public Policy, PRESIDER: George E. Rupp Rice University JANUARY 21, 2003 Amy Myers Jaffe (in Houston) THE ELIHU ROOT LECTURE Senior Energy Adviser, James A. Baker III Institute for Public Policy, Rice University *Meeting endowed by the Thomas J. Watson Foundation.

43 New York Meetings Program

Paul D. Wolfowitz Stephen J. Hadley Deputy Secretary, U.S. Department of Defense Assistant to the President and Deputy National Security “Iraq: What Does Disarmament Look Like?”* Adviser PRESIDER: Peter G. Peterson “Meeting with Stephen Hadley”* JANUARY 23, 2003 PRESIDER: Leslie H. Gelb FEBRUARY 12, 2003 Youssef Boutros-Ghali Minister of Foreign Trade, Egypt Samuel R. Berger Osama El Baz Chairman, Stonebridge International; former National Political Adviser to , President of Egypt Security Adviser Gamal H. Mubarak Brent Scowcroft Assistant Secretary General and Head of Policies Committee, President, Forum for International Policy; former National National Democratic Party, Egypt Security Adviser “Voices from the Middle East: Egypt” “Former Assistants to the President for National Security Affairs: Iraq and the War on Terrorism: PRESIDER: Frank G. Wisner II JANUARY 28, 2003 What Should Our National Security Priorities Be?” PRESIDER: Charlie Rose Bill Emmott FEBRUARY 24, 2003 Editor in Chief, HOME BOX OFFICE SERIES Patrick Jarreau Max Boot Washington Bureau Chief, Le Monde Olin Senior Fellow, National Security Studies, Council on Rami Khouri Foreign Relations Executive Editor, Daily Star William Kristol “Iraq: Views from the Foreign Newsroom” Editor, Weekly Standard PRESIDER: Garrick Utley John J. Mearsheimer FEBRUARY 10, 2003 R. Wendell Harrison Distinguished Service Professor and Co-Director, Program on International Security Policy, University of Chicago

Speaker Ahmad Chalabi, Co-Founder, Presider Bernard M. Gwertzman, Speaker Taher Masri, former Prime Minister of Jordan, and Speaker Iraqi National Congress, at the June Mustafa B. Hamarneh, Director, Center for Strategic Studies, University of Jordan, at the September 24, 10, 2003, Meeting, “A Conversation 2002, Meeting, “Voices from the Middle East: America, Iraq, and Israeli-Palestinian Violence: The View with Ahmad Chalabi.” from Jordan.”

44 New York Meetings Program

Presider Garrick Utley, Speaker Max Boot, Olin Senior Fellow, National Security Studies, Council on Foreign Relations, Speaker Richard A. Clarke, security and counter-terrorism specialist, and former Senior Adviser and Special Assistant to the President, and Speaker Joseph C. Wilson IV, Adjunct Scholar, Middle East Institute, and former Acting Ambassador to Iraq, at the April 2, 2003, Meeting, “Iraq Town Hall.”

Stephen M. Walt Dov S. Zakheim Belfer Professor of International Affairs, John F. Kennedy Undersecretary, Comptroller, and Chief Financial Officer, School of Government, U.S. Department of Defense “Iraq: The War Debate” “Meeting with Dov Zakheim”* PRESIDER: Leslie H. Gelb PRESIDER: Denis A. Bovin FEBRUARY 25, 2003 MARCH 12, 2003 HOME BOX OFFICE SERIES William Dudley Harold Brown Managing Director and Chief U.S. Economist, Counselor, Center for Strategic and International Studies; Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. former U.S. Secretary of Defense Ethan Harris “Meeting with Harold Brown” Chief U.S. Economist, Lehman Brothers PRESIDER: Leslie H. Gelb Stephen Roach FEBRUARY 26, 2003 Chief Economist and Director of Global Economics, THE PAUL C. WARNKE LECTURE Morgan Stanley “World Economic Update” Michael S. Doran PRESIDER: Daniel K. Tarullo Assistant Professor, Department of Near Eastern Affairs, APRIL 4, 2003 Princeton University; Adjunct Senior Fellow, Council on Foreign Relations Fareed Zakaria Matthew A. Levitt Editor, Newsweek International; author, The Future of Freedom Senior Fellow, Terrorism Studies, Washington Institute “The Future of Freedom: Illiberal Democracy for Near East Policy at Home and Abroad” David E. Long PRESIDER: Joseph S. Nye Jr. Consultant in Middle East and Southwest Asian Affairs; APRIL 15, 2003 former Foreign Service Officer, U.S. Department of State “The United States and Saudi Arabia: Ahead” George E. Rupp PRESIDER: F. Gregory Gause III President, International Rescue Committee MARCH 5, 2003 Shashi Tharoor Undersecretary General for Communications Nancy Pelosi and Public Information, United Nations Minority Leader, U.S. House of Representatives (D-CA) “Iraq Special Briefing: Humanitarian Relief— “Principle and Power” The Policy Decisions Ahead” PRESIDER: Peter G. Peterson PRESIDER: William H. Luers MARCH 7, 2003 APRIL 23, 2003 THE DAVID A. MORSE LECTURE

*Meeting endowed by the Thomas J. Watson Foundation.

45 New York Meetings Program

Bouthaina Shaaban PRESIDER: Leslie H. Gelb Spokesperson and Director of Media Relations, MAY 6, 2003 Ministry of Foreign Affairs, COSPONSORED WITH THE JAMES A. BAKER III INSTITUTE FOR PUBLIC POLICY, RICE UNIVERSITY “Syria and the United States: The Road Ahead” PRESIDER: Geneive Abdo APRIL 28, 2003 Correspondent, Boston Globe; co-author, Answering Only to God: Faith in 21st Century Iran Robert Baer Gary G. Sick Former Field Officer, Central Intelligence Agency; Senior Research Scholar, Columbia University author, See No Evil: The True Story of a Ground Soldier Puneet Talwar in the CIA’s War on Terrorism Professional Staff Member, Senate Committee Fred Francis on Foreign Relations Senior Correspondent, NBC News “Iran” Qubad J. Talabany PRESIDER: Rachel Bronson Deputy U.S. Representative, Patriotic Union of Kurdistan MAY 16, 2003 “Iraq Special Briefing: Kurdistan” PRESIDER: David L. Phillips Robert L. Gallucci MAY 6, 2003 Dean, School of Foreign Service, Georgetown University Henry Sokolski Madeleine K. Albright (in Washington) Executive Director, Nonproliferation Policy Education Center Principal, Albright Group LLC; former U.S. Secretary of State “North Korea Debate: What Should the United States James A. Baker III (in Houston) Do if North Korea Does Not Cease Its Weapons Senior Partner, Baker Botts LLP; former U.S. Secretary of State of Mass Destruction Program?” Henry A. Kissinger (in New York) PRESIDER: Morton I. Abramowitz Chairman, Kissinger Associates, Inc.; former U.S. Secretary MAY 22, 2003 of State HOME BOX OFFICE SERIES Videoconferenced Meeting: “A Conversation with Former Secretaries of State”* Donald H. Rumsfeld U.S. Secretary of Defense “Meeting with ”* PRESIDER: Peter G. Peterson MAY 27, 2003

John D. Negroponte U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations “A Conversation with John Negroponte”* PRESIDER: Leslie H. Gelb JUNE 3, 2003

Samantha Power Author, “AProblem from Hell”: America and the Age of Genocide; gold medalist, 2003 Arthur Ross Book Award “Arthur Ross Book Award Lunch” PRESIDER: Morton L. Janklow JUNE 23, 2003

Presider Peter G. Peterson and Speaker Donald H. Rumsfeld, U.S. Secre- tary of Defense, at the May 27, 2003, “Meeting with Donald Rumsfeld.” *Meeting endowed by the Thomas J. Watson Foundation.

46 Washington Program

he Washington Program facilitates discussion of important foreign policy issues between members and policymakers, diplomats, scholars, writers, journalists, and leaders from every region of the world. This year, the Washington Program strength- Tened its meetings, congressional, and corporate programming, holding more than 100 meetings ranging from panel discussions to debates, town halls, press briefings, embassy luncheons, and film screenings. Meeting highlights for the year included dis- cussions with Colombian President Alvaro Uribe and Israeli Foreign Minister ; members of Congress John William Warner, Carl Levin, John Sununu, Joseph I. Lieberman, Sam Brownback, Bob Graham, David Dreier, and Robert Matsui; top cur- rent and former policymakers, including , John Ashcroft, Madeleine K. Albright, and Horst Köhler; and scholars Amartya Sen and Niall Ferguson. Among other topics, the transatlantic relationship, terrorism and homeland security, the war in Iraq and its implications for the Middle East, economic development, and the global economy were examined on a sustained basis.

Program Highlights

Shimon Peres Lowell Jacoby Minister of Foreign Affairs, Israel Acting Director, Defense Intelligence Agency “Israel’s Search for Peace” Carl Ford Jr. PRESIDER: Robert S. Strauss Assistant Secretary, Bureau of Intelligence and Research, SEPTEMBER 13, 2002 U.S. Department of State COSPONSORED WITH THE MIDDLE EAST FORUM “U.S. Intelligence Community: New Directions?” PRESIDER: John C. Gannon Michael V. Hayden SEPTEMBER 18, 2002 Director, ; Lieutenant General, U.S. Air Force Javier Solana John E. McLaughlin Secretary-General, Council of the European Union; Deputy Director, Central Intelligence Agency EU High Representative for the Common Foreign Jr. and Security Policy, NATO Director, National Imagery and Mapping Agency; “Are We Really Partners? Assessing the Future Lieutenant General, U.S. Air Force (Ret.) of Transatlantic Relations” PRESIDER: James A. Leach SEPTEMBER 18, 2002

47 Washington Program

Speaker Alan Greenspan, Chairman, Board of Governors, System, and Presider Carla A. Hills at the November 19, 2002, C. Peter McColough Series on International Economics, “International Financial Risk Management.”

Horst Köhler PRESIDER: Edward P. Djerejian Managing Director, International Monetary Fund SEPTEMBER 23, 2002 “Investing in Better Globalization” COSPONSORED WITH THE MIDDLE EAST FORUM PRESIDER: Richard W. Fisher Alvaro Uribe SEPTEMBER 19, 2002 President of Colombia C. PETER MCCOLOUGH SERIES ON INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS “Defeating Terrorism in Colombia: The Challenge Marwan Muasher of the New Administration” Foreign Minister, Jordan PRESIDER: Jim Kolbe “Jordan’s Perspective: A Plan of Action for Advancing SEPTEMBER 24, 2002 COSPONSORED WITH THE INTER-AMERICAN DIALOGUE, the Peace Process” WOODROW WILSON INTERNATIONAL CENTER FOR SCHOLARS, ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN CHAMBERS OF COMMERCE IN LATIN AMERICA, CENTER FOR STRATEGIC AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES, AND

Lawrence B. Lindsey Assistant to the President for Economic Policy; Director, National Economic Council “Risks and Opportunity in the Global Economy” PRESIDER: Nicholas F. Brady OCTOBER 15, 2002

William Kristol Editor, Weekly Standard Kenneth M. Pollack Senior Fellow and Director of Research, Saban Center for Middle East Policy, Brookings Institution Nick J. Rahall Member, U.S. House of Representatives (D-WV) “Iraq Town Hall” PRESIDER: Robert C. Orr Speaker Shimon Peres, Minister of Foreign Affairs, Israel, at the OCTOBER 15, 2002 September 13, 2002, Meeting, “Israel’s Search for Peace.”

48 Washington Program

Speaker Burwell B. Bell, Commanding General, U.S. Army Europe and 7th Army, Speaker John P. Jumper, General, Chief of Staff, U.S. Air Force, Presider Wolf Blitzer, Speaker Vernon E. Clark, Admiral, Chief of Naval Operations, U.S. Navy, and Speaker William L. Nyland, General, Assistant Commandant, U.S. Marine Corps, at the February 3, 2003, “John Train Lecture on the Future of the U.S. Military.”

Alan Greenspan Paulo Sotero Chairman, Board of Governors, Federal Reserve System Washington Correspondent, O Estado de São Paulo “International Financial Risk Management” “Global Attitudes: How Are We Perceived Abroad?” PRESIDER: Carla A. Hills PRESIDER: Martin Walker NOVEMBER 19, 2002 JANUARY 8, 2003 C. PETER MCCOLOUGH SERIES ON INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS David B. Makovsky Elizabeth Becker Senior Fellow, Washington Institute for Near East Policy Washington Correspondent, New York Times Eason T. Jordan Professor, Government Department, Georgetown University Chief News Executive, CNN “After the Elections: Where Does Israel Go from Here?” Bernard Shaw PRESIDER: Peter R. Rosenblatt Former Principal Anchor, CNN JANUARY 30, 2003 Robert Wiener COSPONSORED WITH THE MIDDLE EAST FORUM Former Senior Executive Producer, CNN “Live from ” PRESIDER: Marvin Kalb NOVEMBER 20, 2002 HOME BOX OFFICE SCREENING

Richard N. Haass Director of Policy Planning Staff, U.S. Department of State “Toward Greater Democracy in the Muslim World” PRESIDER: Fouad Ajami DECEMBER 4, 2002

Andrew Kohut Director, Pew Research Center for the People and the Press Ruediger Lentz Senior Correspondent, Hafez Al Mirazi Washington Bureau Chief, Al Jazeera TV Speaker Yoweri Kaguta Museveni, President of Uganda, at the June 11, 2003, Meeting, “Freedom from Fear: U.S.-Africa Partnerships against Terror.”

49 Washington Program

Speaker Joseph I. Lieberman, Member, U.S. Senate (D-CT), and Presider George J. Mitchell at the February 26, 2003, Views from the Hill Series, “No Easy Peace: Rising to the Challenge of Rebuilding Post-Saddam Iraq.”

Vernon E. Clark John Ashcroft Admiral, Chief of Naval Operations, U.S. Navy U. S. Attorney General John P. Jumper “International Cooperation in the War on Terror” General, Chief of Staff, U.S. Air Force PRESIDER: Dick Thornburgh William L. Nyland FEBRUARY 10, 2003 General, Assistant Commandant, U.S. Marine Corps Burwell B. Bell Joseph I. Lieberman Commanding General, U.S. Army Europe and 7th Army Member, U.S. Senate (D-CT) “John Train Lecture on the Future of the U.S. Military” “No Easy Peace: Rising to the Challenge of PRESIDER: Wolf Blitzer Rebuilding Post-Saddam Iraq” FEBRUARY 3, 2003 PRESIDER: George J. Mitchell THE JOHN TRAIN LECTURE FEBRUARY 26, 2003

Kenneth M. Duberstein Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Duberstein Group, Inc. Thomas F. McLarty III President, Kissinger McLarty Associates John D. Podesta Visiting Professor, Georgetown Law Center Samuel K. Skinner Chairman, President, and Chief Executive Officer, U.S. Freightways “World’s Second-Toughest Job: Being the President’s Chief of Staff During a Time of Crisis” PRESIDER: Doyle McManus MARCH 4, 2003

Sam Brownback Member, U.S. Senate (R-KS) Speaker Wolfgang Ischinger, Ambassador of the Federal Republic of Raymond Feddema to the United States, Frank Pearl, Speaker Jean-David Levitte, Co-Director, Welcome to North Korea Ambassador of France to the United States, and Robert C. Orr at the Soon Ok Lee March 25, 2003, Meeting, “France, Germany, and the United States: Survivor of North Korean political prison camps; author, Putting the Pieces Back Together.” Eyes of the Tailless Animals

50 Washington Program

Randall Ireson Development Assistance Coordinator, American Friends Service Committee Peter Tetteroo Co-Director, Welcome to North Korea “Welcome to North Korea” PRESIDER: Jason T. Shaplen MARCH 18, 2003 HOME BOX OFFICE SCREENING

Wolfgang Ischinger Ambassador of the Federal Republic of Germany to the United States Jean-David Levitte Ambassador of France to the United States “France, Germany, and the United States: Putting the Pieces Back Together” Speaker Bouthaina Shaaban, Spokesperson and Director of Media Relations, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Syria, at the April 24, 2003, Meeting, PRESIDER: Richard C. Holbrooke “Collateral Damage? Iraq and the Future of U.S.-Syrian Relations.” MARCH 25, 2003

Ross Terrill Head Researcher, Fairbank Center for East Asian Research, “Hegemony and the Decline of : Mao: A Biography Harvard University; author, Is History Repeating Itself?” and The New Chinese Empire Minxin Pei PRESIDER: Michael Mandelbaum APRIL 28, 2003 Senior Associate and Co-Director, China Program, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace Madeleine K. Albright (in Washington) “China’s Inevitable Democracy?” Principal, Albright Group LLC; former U.S. Secretary of State PRESIDER: Eric Heginbotham James A. Baker III (in Houston) APRIL 10, 2003 Senior Partner, Baker Botts LLP; former U.S. Secretary of State Bob Graham Henry A. Kissinger (in New York) Chairman, Kissinger Associates, Inc.; former U.S. Secretary Member, U.S. Senate (D-FL) of State Bouthaina Shaaban Videoconferenced Meeting: “A Conversation with Spokesperson and Director of Media Relations, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Syria Former Secretaries of State” “Collateral Damage? Iraq and the Future PRESIDER: Leslie H. Gelb MAY 6, 2003 of U.S.-Syrian Relations” COSPONSORED WITH THE JAMES A. BAKER III INSTITUTE PRESIDER: Richard W. Murphy FOR PUBLIC POLICY, RICE UNIVERSITY APRIL 24, 2003 Yoweri Kaguta Museveni Niall Ferguson President of Uganda Professor of Economics, Stern School of Business, “Freedom from Fear: U.S.-Africa Partnerships New York University; author, The Rise and Demise of the against Terror” British World Order and the Lessons for Global Power PRESIDER: Princeton N. Lyman Walter Russell Mead JUNE 11, 2003 Senior Fellow, U.S. Foreign Policy, Council on Foreign Relations; author, Special Providence: American Foreign Policy and How It Changed the World

51 National Program

he National Program provides a forum for members outside of New York and Wash- ington to discuss pressing international issues and contribute to the Council’s research. This year, the National Program focused on Iraq—the lead-up to the war, Tthe conflict, and the reconstruction—and the transatlantic divide, through local roundtables built on the expertise of members and other community leaders in key cities, including Atlanta, Boston, Chicago, Dallas, Miami, , and Seat- tle; foreign policy dinner seminars featuring Council senior fellows and their work, including a study group led by Senior Fellow Walter Russell Mead; a biweekly conference call series, chaired by Council Executive Vice President Michael P. Peters; webcasts of general meetings; and the annual National Conference in New York. At this year’s conference, members reflected on the state of the world after the Cold War with some of the greatest thinkers and doers in international affairs.

Program Highlights

Atlanta Roundtable Robert E. Hightower Commissioner, Department of Public Safety, and Homeland Security Coordinator, State of Georgia “America’s Response to Terrorism: One Year Later: Responding to the Terrorist Threat” CHAIR: Peter Dexter Bell OCTOBER 9, 2002 John Warden Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Venturist, Inc.; Colonel, U.S. Air Force (Ret.) Denise Majette, Chair Peter Dexter Bell, and Speaker Rachel Bronson, Senior Fel- “War with Iraq: What to Expect?” low and Director, Middle East and Gulf Studies, Council on Foreign Relations, at CHAIR: Perry M. Smith the March 17, 2003, Atlanta Roundtable, “Iraq: The Day After.” DECEMBER 2, 2002

52 National Program

John H. Kelly Boston Roundtable President, John Kelly Consulting, Inc.; Ambassador- in-Residence, Sam Nunn School of International Affairs, Arthur C. Helton Georgia Institute of Technology Director, Peace and Conflict Studies, and Senior Fellow, “Turkey: Islam, the European Union, and the War Refugee Studies and Preventive Action, Council on with Iraq” Foreign Relations CHAIR: Cynthia A. Tucker “The Price of Indifference: Terrorism’s Refugees” JANUARY 15, 2003 CHAIR AND HOST: Swanee Hunt SEPTEMBER 17, 2002 COSPONSORED WITH CAMBRIDGE CONVERSATIONS Rachel Bronson Senior Fellow and Director, Middle East and Julia E. Sweig Gulf Studies, Council on Foreign Relations Senior Fellow and Deputy Director, Latin America Program, “Iraq: The Day After” Council on Foreign Relations CHAIR: Peter Dexter Bell “Inside the Cuban Revolution” MARCH 17, 2003 CHAIR AND HOST: John H. Coatsworth OCTOBER 7, 2002 COSPONSORED WITH THE DAVID ROCKEFELLER CENTER James T. Laney FOR LATIN AMERICAN STUDIES, HARVARD UNIVERSITY President Emeritus and Senior Fellow, Ethics Center, Emory University; former U.S. Ambassador to Leslie H. Gelb South Korea President, Council on Foreign Relations “Dealing with North Korea” “Terrorism, Iraq, and Weapons of Mass Destruction” CHAIR: Marion V. Creekmore Jr. CHAIR: Joseph S. Nye Jr. APRIL 23, 2003 APRIL 17, 2003

Helene D. Gayle Director, HIV, TB, and Reproductive Health, Bill & Melinda Chicago Roundtable Gates Foundation Matthew R. Bettenhausen “Health Challenges in a Globalized World” Homeland Security Director, State of Illinois CHAIR: Louis W. Sullivan “America’s Response to Terrorism: One Year Later: MAY 22, 2003 Responding to the Terrorist Threat” CHAIR: Henry S. Bienen SEPTEMBER 24, 2002 COSPONSORED WITH THE CHICAGO COUNCIL ON FOREIGN RELATIONS

Dan Caldwell and at the June 2003 National Conference, Michael P. Peters and Geoffrey B. Shields at the April 22, 2003, Chicago “Ten Years after the Cold War: Does the United States Know What It’s Roundtable, “The Ideas That Conquered the World: What Is the 21st Doing and Where It’s Going?” Century All About?”

53 National Program

Dallas Roundtable Arthur C. Helton Director, Peace and Conflict Studies, and Senior Fellow, Refugee Studies and Preventive Action, Council on Foreign Relations “The Price of Indifference: Terrorism’s Refugees” CHAIR AND HOST: C. Kern Wildenthal AUGUST 28, 2002 COSPONSORED WITH THE DALLAS COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN RELATIONS

Discussant Richard W. Murphy, Chair Lee Cullum, and Discussant Jay M. Vogelson Edward P. Djerejian at the June 2003 National Conference, “Ten Years after Shareholder and Director, Stuzman & Bromberg; the Cold War: Does the United States Know What It’s Doing and Where Co-Chair, American Bar Association Blue Ribbon It’s Going?” Working Group on International Terrorism “America’s Response to Terrorism: Using International Law to Combat Terrorism” Leslie H. Gelb CHAIR: Lee Cullum President, Council on Foreign Relations OCTOBER 17, 2002 “America’s Response to Terrorism: Stephen E. Flynn U.S. Policy toward Iraq” Jeane J. Kirkpatrick Senior Fellow for National Security CHAIR: Henry S. Bienen Studies, Council on Foreign Relations HOSTS: Michael H. Moskow and William Curt Hunter “Is America Still Unprepared and in Danger?” OCTOBER 11, 2002 CHAIR: Timothy E. Powers Max Boot NOVEMBER 8, 2002 Olin Senior Fellow, National Security Studies, COSPONSORED WITH THE DALLAS COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN RELATIONS Council on Foreign Relations Rachel Bronson Lawrence J. Korb Senior Fellow and Director, Middle East and Gulf Studies, Senior Fellow and Director, National Security Studies, Council on Foreign Relations Council on Foreign Relations John J. Mearsheimer “Iraq: The Day After” R. Wendell Harrison Distinguished Service Professor and CHAIR: Lee Cullum Co-Director, Program on International Security Policy, MARCH 18, 2003 University of Chicago Montgomery C. Meigs “Council Policy Initiative: Debating a New General, U.S. Army (Ret.); Visiting Tom Slick Professor, National Security Strategy” University of Texas at Austin; Younger-Carter Fellow, CHAIR: Kenneth W. Dam Bush School of Government and Public Service, Texas A&M MAY 28, 2003 University COSPONSORED WITH THE CHICAGO COUNCIL ON FOREIGN RELATIONS AND THE UNITED NATIONS FOUNDATION “Iraq and the Challenges Ahead” CHAIR: Lee Cullum MAY 20, 2003

Speaker Leslie H. Gelb, President, Council on Foreign Relations, and Chair Ronald L. Olson at the December 4, 2002, Los Angeles Round- table, “Terrorism, Iraq, and Weapons of Mass Destruction.”

54 National Program

Houston Roundtable Miami Roundtable ALL MEETINGS COSPONSORED WITH THE DANTE B. FASCELL Stephen E. Flynn NORTH-SOUTH CENTER, UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI, AND HOSTED Jeane J. Kirkpatrick Senior Fellow for National Security BY AMBLER H. MOSS JR. Studies, Council on Foreign Relations Julia E. Sweig “Is America Still Unprepared and in Danger?” Senior Fellow and Deputy Director, Latin America Program, CHAIR: Edward P. Djerejian Council on Foreign Relations NOVEMBER 6, 2002 COSPONSORED WITH THE JAMES A. BAKER III INSTITUTE “Inside the Cuban Revolution” FOR PUBLIC POLICY, RICE UNIVERSITY CHAIR: Adis M. Vila SEPTEMBER 10, 2002

Los Angeles Roundtable Andrés Oppenheimer Walter Russell Mead Foreign Affairs Columnist, Senior Fellow, U.S. Foreign Policy, Council on Foreign “Iraq: Implications for U.S. Relations with Latin America” Relations CHAIR: Hodding Carter III “Los Angeles Study Group: With God on Our Side” MAY 1, 2003 CHAIR AND HOST: Robert J. Abernethy JULY 18, 2002 • SEPTEMBER 25, 2002 • FEBRUARY 25, 2003 • MAY 20, 2003 Kenneth R. Maxwell Nelson and David Rockefeller Senior Fellow for Inter- Lawrence J. Korb American Studies, and Director, Latin America Studies, Senior Fellow and Director, National Security Studies, Council on Foreign Relations Council on Foreign Relations “Brazil: Lula’s Prospects” “Reshaping America’s Military” CHAIR: Alberto Ibargüen MAY 19, 2003 CHAIR: Louis E. Caldera OCTOBER 8, 2002

Leslie H. Gelb San Francisco Roundtable President, Council on Foreign Relations John Battelle “Terrorism, Iraq, and Weapons of Mass Destruction” Executive Producer, Foursquare CHAIR: Ronald L. Olson Lowell Bergman DECEMBER 4, 2002 Producer, Frontline Jay T. Harris President, Deep River Associates Peter Tarnoff President, International Advisory Corporation Narda Zacchino Assistant Executive Editor, San Francisco Chronicle “America’s Response to Terrorism: How September 11 Changed the Media” CHAIR: Orville H. Schell OCTOBER 30, 2002 COSPONSORED WITH THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF JOURNALISM, UNIVERSITY OF , BERKELEY

Leslie H. Gelb President, Council on Foreign Relations “Terrorism, Iraq, and Weapons of Mass Destruction” Chair Peter Tarnoff and Dianne Feinstein at the December 3, 2002, San CHAIR: Peter Tarnoff Francisco Roundtable, “Terrorism, Iraq, and Weapons of Mass Destruction.” DECEMBER 3, 2002

55 National Program

Presider , Speaker Henry A. Kissinger, Chairman, Kissinger Associates, Inc., Speaker Laura D’Andrea Tyson, Dean, Business School, and Speaker Fareed Zakaria, Editor, Newsweek Inter- national, at the June National Conference, “Ten Years after the Cold War: Does the United States Know What It’s Doing and Where It’s Going?”

Gary Hart Eric P. Schwartz Of Counsel, Coudert Brothers; former Member, U.S. Senate Senior Fellow, Council on Foreign Relations (D-CO) “Iraq: The Day After” “America—Still Unprepared, Still in Danger” CHAIR: Michael Nacht CHAIR: Michael P. Peters APRIL 9, 2003 FEBRUARY 10, 2003 John Arquilla Max Boot Associate Professor of Defense Analysis, Naval Postgradu- Olin Senior Fellow, National Security Studies, ate School; Senior Consultant, International Defense Group, Council on Foreign Relations RAND “Iraq and the War on Terrorism” “Iraq: A War to Change All Wars?” CHAIR: Mark D. Danner CHAIR: Peter Tarnoff MARCH 11, 2003 MAY 13, 2003 Lawrence J. Korb Senior Fellow and Director, National Security Studies, Council on Foreign Relations Michael Nacht Dean and Professor, Richard & Rhoda Goldman School of Public Policy, University of California, Berkeley “Council Policy Initiative: Debating a New National Security Strategy” CHAIR: Coit D. Blacker JUNE 30, 2003 COSPONSORED WITH THE WORLD AFFAIRS COUNCIL OF NORTHERN CALIFORNIA AND THE UNITED NATIONS FOUNDATION Roundtable William A. Owens Co-Chief Executive Officer and Vice Chairman, Teledesic “Iraq: The War, the Post-War, and the Michael P. Peters and Irina A. Faskianos at the June 2003 National Modern Military” Conference, “Ten Years after the Cold War: Does the United States Know CHAIR: Michael P. Peters What It’s Doing and Where It’s Going?” , 2003

56 National Program

Los Angeles and San Francisco ALL MEETINGS COSPONSORED WITH THE PACIFIC COUNCIL Pacific Council on International Policy: ON INTERNATIONAL POLICY Western Partner of the Council on Foreign Relations Judith Kipper Director, Middle East Forum, Council on Foreign Relations The Council on Foreign Relations works with its “U.S. Stakes in the Middle East” western partner, the Pacific Council on International LOS ANGELES CHAIR: Michael Christopher Parks Policy (PCIP), to engage members on the West AUGUST 27, 2002 Coast in a debate on international affairs and for- eign policy. The Council conducts dinner seminars Shibley Telhami featuring its senior fellows and their work in Los Anwar Sadat Professor for Peace and Development, Angeles, San Francisco, and Seattle. These Council University of Maryland, College Park programs are augmented by PCIP-organized meet- “The Stakes: America and the Middle East” ings. Council members are offered concurrent mem- bership in PCIP and are invited to participate in its SAN FRANCISCO CHAIR: Jane M. Wales FEBRUARY 26, 2003 events. The Council makes this benefit possible by COSPONSORED WITH THE WORLD AFFAIRS COUNCIL transferring a portion of its membership dues to OF NORTHERN CALIFORNIA PCIP. Council Executive Vice President Michael P. LOS ANGELES CHAIR: Michael Christopher Parks Peters is on PCIP’s Board of Directors, and PCIP FEBRUARY 27, 2003 President Abraham F. Lowenthal is a vice president of the Council. Adam Segal Maurice R. Greenberg Senior Fellow in China Studies, Council on Foreign Relations “Will China Be a Technological or Military Threat to the United States?” SAN FRANCISCO CHAIR: Robert A. Scalapino MARCH 3, 2003 LOS ANGELES CHAIR: Charles Wolf Jr. MARCH 4, 2003

Multiple Cities Ronald D. Asmus Adjunct Senior Fellow, Council on Foreign Relations; author, Opening NATO’s Door: How the Alliance Remade Itself for a New Era “Opening NATO’s Door: What Future for the Atlantic Alliance?” CHICAGO CHAIR: Richard C. Longworth OCTOBER 31, 2002 COSPONSORED WITH THE CHICAGO COUNCIL ON FOREIGN RELATIONS LOS ANGELES CHAIR: NOVEMBER 7, 2002 COSPONSORED WITH THE PACIFIC COUNCIL ON INTERNATIONAL POLICY Olin C. Robison, Edward J. Hardin, Richard Mallery, Chair Fouad SAN FRANCISCO CHAIR: Elizabeth D. Sherwood-Randall Ajami, and Discussant Rachel Bronson at the June 2003 National Con- NOVEMBER 11, 2002 ference, “Ten Years after the Cold War: Does the United States Know COSPONSORED WITH THE PACIFIC COUNCIL ON INTERNATIONAL POLICY What It’s Doing and Where It’s Going?”

57 National Program

Benjamin A. Atkins, Janice L. Murray, and Thomas W. Cole Jr. at the June 2003 National Conference, “Ten Years after the Cold War: Does the United States Know What It’s Doing and Where It’s Going?”

Charles A. Kupchan Michael Mandelbaum Senior Fellow and Director of Europe Studies, Council on Senior Fellow, Council on Foreign Relations; author, Foreign Relations; author, The End of the American Era: The Ideas That Conquered the World: Peace, Democracy, U.S. Foreign Policy and the Geopolitics of the Twenty-first Century and Free Markets in the Twenty-First Century “The End of the American Era and the “The Ideas That Conquered the World: Foreign Policy Challenges of the Future” What Is the 21st Century All About?” CHICAGO CHAIR: John E. Rielly SEATTLE CHAIR: David K.Y. Tang NOVEMBER 13, 2002 DECEMBER 9, 2002 COSPONSORED WITH THE CHICAGO COUNCIL ON FOREIGN RELATIONS COSPONSORED WITH THE PACIFIC COUNCIL ON INTERNATIONAL POLICY ATL ANTA CHAIR: Peter C. White SAN FRANCISCO CHAIR: Jane M. Wales NOVEMBER 14, 2002 DECEMBER 10, 2002 SAN FRANCISCO CHAIR: Peter Schwartz COSPONSORED WITH THE PACIFIC COUNCIL ON INTERNATIONAL POLICY FEBRUARY 4, 2003 LOS ANGELES CHAIR: Dan Caldwell COSPONSORED WITH THE PACIFIC COUNCIL ON INTERNATIONAL POLICY DECEMBER 12, 2002 COSPONSORED WITH THE PACIFIC COUNCIL ON INTERNATIONAL POLICY LOS ANGELES CHAIR: George Lee Butler FEBRUARY 5, 2003 DALLAS CHAIR: F. William Barnett COSPONSORED WITH THE PACIFIC COUNCIL ON INTERNATIONAL POLICY JANUARY 22, 2003 COSPONSORED WITH THE DALLAS COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN RELATIONS SAN DIEGO CHAIR: Miles Kahler FEBRUARY 6, 2003 HOUSTON CHAIR: Edward P. Djerejian COSPONSORED WITH THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF INTERNATIONAL JANUARY 24, 2003 RELATIONS AND PACIFIC STUDIES AND THE INSTITUTE FOR INTERNA- COSPONSORED WITH THE JAMES A. BAKER III INSTITUTE FOR PUBLIC TIONAL, COMPARATIVE, AND AREA STUDIES, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFOR- POLICY, RICE UNIVERSITY NIA, SAN DIEGO CHICAGO CHAIR: BOSTON CHAIR: John Shattuck Henry S. Bienen APRIL 22, 2003 MARCH 20, 2003 COSPONSORED WITH THE CHICAGO COUNCIL ON FOREIGN RELATIONS COSPONSORED WITH THE BELFER CENTER FOR SCIENCE AND INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS, JOHN F. KENNEDY SCHOOL OF GOVERNMENT, HARVARD UNIVERSITY

Helene D. Gayle, William J. McDonough, and George J. Mitchell at the June 2003 National Conference, “Ten Years after the Cold War: Does the United States Know What It’s Doing and Where It’s Going?”

58 Named Chairs, Fellowships, and Lectureships

Named Chairs and Fellowships Other Chairs Paul A. Volcker Chair in International Economics Jagdish N. Bhagwati, André Meyer Senior Fellow in Maurice R. Greenberg Chair, Director of Studies International Economics Max Boot, Olin Senior Fellow, National Security Studies Charles G. Boyd, Henry A. Kissinger Senior Fellow in Special Fellowships National Security and European Affairs David Braunschvig, Bernard L. Schwartz Senior Fellow Next Generation Fellowship and Director, Business and Foreign Policy The Next Generation Fellowship (NGF) Program nurtures Celia Dugger, Edward R. Murrow Press Fellow outstanding thinkers and writers from a variety of fields Elizabeth C. Economy, C.V. Starr Senior Fellow and who have the potential to become foreign policy leaders. Director of Asia Studies The program recruits individuals whose principal mission Helena Kane Finn, Fellow in Diplomatic Studies will be frontier policy scholarship, leading to several Stephen E. Flynn, Jeane J. Kirkpatrick Senior Fellow for major published articles or a book during the fellowship National Security Studies tenure. Each year one NGF is named the Dillon Fellow, in Richard L. Garwin, Philip D. Reed Senior Fellow and honor of former Council Vice Chairman Douglas Dillon. Director in Science and Technology The Intelligence Fellowship James F. Hoge Jr., Peter G. Peterson Chair, Editor, This fellowship provides an opportunity for an outstand- Foreign Affairs ing person from the U.S. intelligence community to Roger M. Kubarych, Henry Kaufman Adjunct Senior expand his or her knowledge of international relations. Fellow in International Economics and Finance Princeton N. Lyman, Ralph Bunche Senior Fellow for Military Fellowships Africa Policy Studies Each year, the chief of staff of each military service nomi- Kenneth R. Maxwell, Nelson and David Rockefeller nates an outstanding candidate for the Military Fellow- Senior Fellow for Inter-American Studies, and Director, ships. The fellowships enable officers to broaden their Latin America Studies understanding of international affairs and U.S. foreign Richard W. Murphy, Hasib J. Sabbagh Senior Fellow for policy by spending a year in residence at the Council. the Middle East Edward R. Murrow Fellowship William L. Nash, John W. Vessey Senior Fellow and Director of the Center for Preventive Action The Council offers a resident fellowship for a correspon- dent, editor, or producer involved with international Adam Segal, Maurice R. Greenberg Senior Fellow in news. Named in honor of Edward R. Murrow and China Studies funded by the CBS Foundation, the fellowship offers a Stephen R. Sestanovich, George F. Kennan Senior Fellow nine-month period for sustained study and writing. for Russian and Eurasian Studies Joe Siegle, Douglas Dillon Fellow Whitney H. Shepardson Fellowship Ronald Steel, Whitney H. Shepardson Fellow The Shepardson Fellowship is periodically awarded to Benn Steil, André Meyer Senior Fellow in International persons with experience and recognized professional Economics stature in public or academic affairs related to international

59 Named Chairs, Fellowships, and Lectureships relations. A Shepardson Fellow is expected to spend about Morse, an active Council member for nearly 30 years, a a year affiliated with the Council, participating in Council lawyer, a public servant, and an internationalist. The lec- programs while working on a book or other significant ture program is funded by gifts from Council members publication on a major foreign policy issue. and friends of the Morse family. Cyrus Vance Fellowship in Diplomatic Studies The David Rockefeller Lecture The Vance Fellowship is offered to a Foreign Service Offi- The David Rockefeller Lecture was endowed by the Rock- cer chosen by a selection committee from candidates efeller Foundation in 1985 for an annual African lecturer nominated by the U.S. Department of State. With time from either the governmental or nongovernmental sector. away from the day-to-day pressures of diplomatic life, the Vance Fellow spends about a year affiliated with the The Elihu Root Lecture Council. The Elihu Root Lecture was inaugurated in 1958 to honor a founder of the Council on Foreign Relations who served as its honorary president from 1921 to 1937. The Council Endowed and Specially Funded invites a distinguished American to reflect on his or her Programs professional experience and how it applies to contempo- rary American foreign policymaking. Chase Manhattan Inter-American Forthcoming Issues Series The Russia and Russian-American Relations Lecture Pieter A. Fisher Program, International Relations This annual lecture was endowed this year by the Alfa Gulf Program, Middle East Bank to help establish a more secure footing for Russian- W. Averell Harriman Program, Europe American relations. Winston Lord Program, Asia John J. McCloy Program, International Relations The Bernard L. Schwartz Lecture on Business C. Peter McColough Series on International Economics and Foreign Policy McKinsey Executive Roundtable Series in International This lecture series was established in fall 2002 and is Economics funded by Bernard L. Schwartz. The series focuses on two James J. Shinn U.S.-Asia Update Roundtable areas: the evolution of the relationship between business Thomas J. Watson Meetings Program, International and government in the making of foreign policy, and Relations ways for government to make better use of business in solving foreign policy problems and for business to Lectureships become more engaged in the making of foreign policy. The John B. Hurford Memorial Lecture The Sorensen Distinguished Lecture The John B. Hurford Memorial Lecture was inaugurated on the United Nations in 2002 in memory of John B. Hurford, a devoted member The Sorensen Distinguished Lecture on the United of the Council on Foreign Relations. This lecture is Nations was established in 1996 by Theodore C. Sorensen funded by the Hurford Foundation. to honor his wife, Gillian Martin Sorensen, and to com- memorate her years of service to the United Nations. The The Russell C. Leffingwell Lecture Sorensen lecture is given by speakers intimately involved The Leffingwell Lecture, inaugurated in 1969, was named with the workings and issues of the United Nations. for a charter member of the Council who served as its president from 1944 to 1946 and as its chairman from 1946 The John Train Lecture to 1953. This lecture is given by a distinguished foreign The John Train Lecture and dinner was established in 1997. official who is invited to address Council members on a Funded by Council member John Train, the series focuses topic of major international significance. The lectures are on new issues in military affairs and the future of the U.S. made possible through the generosity of the Leffingwell military. family and the Morgan Guaranty Trust Company. The Paul C. Warnke Lecture The David A. Morse Lecture The annual Paul C. Warnke Lecture, endowed by a num- The David A. Morse Lecture was inaugurated in 1994 and ber of family, friends, and Council members, was inaugu- supports an annual meeting and dinner with a distin- rated this year and commemorates his legacy of guished speaker. It honors the memory of David A. courageous service to the nation and international peace.

60 Corporate Program

he Corporate Program, the Council’s primary point of contact with the private sector, engages its 200 member companies with a variety of timely and in-depth forums. Among the highlights on this year’s calendar were meetings with Alan Greenspan, TElliot Spitzer and John Biggs, and Robert B. Zoellick and Pascal Lamy, and the quar- terly World Economic Update series with leading economists. Each year, the Corporate Program hosts more than 70 events in New York and Washington, including the C. Peter McColough Series on International Economics and the McKinsey Executive Roundtable Series in International Economics; organizes a pop- ular program of interactive conference calls with Council fellows and outside experts; and works in close collaboration with the Maurice R. Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies, the Business and Foreign Policy Program, and research fellows who cover regional issues. As a result, support for the Council from the business and financial com- munities has never been higher.

Program Highlights

Mario L. Baeza “Global Corporate Governance Reform Issues” Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, TCW/Latin America AUGUST 7, 2002 Partners, LLC CONFERENCE CALL Luis Bitencourt Junichiro Koizumi Director, Brazil Project, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars Prime Minister of Japan Lacey Gallagher “Japan-U.S. Alliance in the 21st Century: Director, Latin America Economics, Credit Suisse First Boston Three Challenges”* “Time Bombs and Banana Peels: Brazil” PRESIDER: Peter G. Peterson SEPTEMBER 10, 2002 PRESIDER: Kathryn Pilgrim COSPONSORED WITH JIJI PRESS JULY 31, 2002

James J. Shinn Adjunct Senior Fellow, Council on Foreign Relations Peter Clapman Senior Vice President and Chief Counsel, Corporate Global Governance, TIAA-CREF *Meeting endowed by the Thomas J. Watson Foundation

61 Corporate Program

Horst Köhler Managing Director, International Monetary Fund “Investing in Better Globalization” PRESIDER: Richard W. Fisher SEPTEMBER 19, 2002 C. PETER MCCOLOUGH SERIES ON INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS WASHINGTON, D.C.

Lawrence B. Lindsey Assistant to the President for Economic Policy; Director, National Economic Council “Risks and Opportunity in the Global Economy” PRESIDER: Nicholas F. Brady OCTOBER 15, 2002 WASHINGTON, D.C. Peter G. Peterson, David Kellogg, Charles R. Kaye, and Speaker Lawrence H. Summers, President, Harvard University, and former U.S. Secretary of the Treasury, at the November 6, 2002, C. Peter McColough Eugene A. Matthews Series on International Economics, “Lessons from America’s Economic Senior Fellow, Asia Studies, Council on Foreign Relations Performance of the 1990s.” Adam Segal Maurice R. Greenberg Senior Fellow in China Studies, Council on Foreign Relations Thabo Mbeki Calvin Sims President of the Republic of South Africa; Chairman, Senior Fellow, Southeast Asia Studies, African Union Council on Foreign Relations “Meeting with Thabo Mbeki” “APEC, Al Qaeda, and Shifting Alliances: PRESIDER: Robert E. Rubin New Dynamics in the Asia-Pacific Region” SEPTEMBER 12, 2002 PRESIDER: Elizabeth C. Economy THE DAVID ROCKEFELLER LECTURE OCTOBER 17, 2002 COSPONSORED WITH THE U.S.-ASIA UPDATE ROUNDTABLE SERIES

Geoffrey Kemp Director, Regional Strategic Programs, Nixon Center Gary N. Ross Chief Executive Officer, PIRA Energy Group Philip K. Verleger Jr. President, PK Verleger LLC; BP Senior Fellow in International Economics, Council on Foreign Relations “Iraq: The War and Oil” PRESIDER: Edward L. Morse OCTOBER 30, 2003

Lawrence H. Summers President, Harvard University; former U.S. Secretary of the Treasury Donald B. Marron, Speaker Leon Brittan, Vice Chairman, UBS War- “Lessons from America’s Economic Performance burg, and former Vice President, European Commission, and Presider of the 1990s” George Soros at the February 6, 2003, C. Peter McColough Series on PRESIDER: International Economics, “Economic Policy Challenges for an Expand- NOVEMBER 6, 2002 ing Europe.” C. PETER MCCOLOUGH SERIES ON INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS

62 Corporate Program

Pascal Lamy Trade Commissioner, European Commission Robert B. Zoellick U.S. Trade Representative “Globalization, Trade, and Development: Are the United States and the European Union in It for the Long Run?” PRESIDER: Lionel Barber NOVEMBER 6, 2002 MCKINSEY EXECUTIVE ROUNDTABLE SERIES IN INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS Alan Greenspan Chairman, Board of Governors, Federal Reserve System “International Financial Risk Management” PRESIDER: Carla A. Hills NOVEMBER 19, 2002 Presider Jeffrey W. Greenberg and Speaker Alan S. Blinder, G. S. C. PETER MCCOLOUGH SERIES ON INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS Rentschler Memorial Professor of Economics, Princeton University, at the WASHINGTON, D.C. April 22, 2003, C. Peter McColough Series on International Economics, “The Post-Iraq Economy: The Past as Prologue?” Vin Weber Partner, Clark & Weinstock; former Member, U.S. House of Representatives (R-MN) “Implications of the Mid-Term Elections” “HIV/AIDS: The Implications for American Foreign Policy” MODERATOR: Robert C. Orr NOVEMBER 25, 2002 PRESIDER: Susan Dentzer CONFERENCE CALL FEBRUARY 12, 2003

Peter R. Fisher Joyce Chang Undersecretary for Domestic Finance, U.S. Department Managing Director and Global Head, Emerging Markets, of the Treasury J.P. Morgan Chase “The Twin Deficits: How Should We Think Janet Kelly About Them Now?” Professor, Instituto de Estudios Superiores de Administración, Caracas, PRESIDER: DECEMBER 10, 2002 Jennifer McCoy C. PETER MCCOLOUGH SERIES ON INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS Director, Latin America and Caribbean Program, Carter Center “The Political and Economic Crisis in Venezuela: Leon Brittan What Are the Ways Out?” Vice Chairman, UBS Warburg; former Vice President, European Commission PRESIDER: Kenneth R. Maxwell FEBRUARY 12, 2003 “Economic Policy Challenges for an Expanding Europe” CHASE-MANHATTAN INTER-AMERICAN ISSUES SEMINAR PRESIDER: George Soros WASHINGTON, D.C. FEBRUARY 6, 2003 C. PETER MCCOLOUGH SERIES ON INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS Attorney General, State of New York Nicholas Nash Eberstadt John H. Biggs Henry Wendt Chair in Political Economy, American Enterprise Former Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, TIAA-CREF Institute for Public Policy Research Helene D. Gayle “Corporate Governance in the Global Economy” Director, HIV/AIDS and TB, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation PRESIDER: Nancy A. Lieberman Jeffrey D. Sachs MARCH 4, 2003 Director, Earth Institute, Columbia University

63 Corporate Program

Antonio Palocci Minister of Finance, Brazil “Meeting with Antonio Palocci” PRESIDER: William R. Rhodes APRIL 15, 2003 C. PETER MCCOLOUGH SERIES ON INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS

Madeleine K. Albright (in Washington) Principal, Albright Group LLC; former U.S. Secretary of State James A. Baker III (in Houston) Senior Partner, Baker Botts LLP; former U.S. Secretary of State Henry A. Kissinger (in New York) Chairman, Kissinger Associates, Inc.; former U.S. Secretary of State Videoconferenced Meeting: “A Conversation with Former Secretaries of State” John P. Lipsky, Martin L. Leibowitz, and Henry Kaufman at the Septem- ber 10, 2002, Meeting, “Japan-U.S. Alliance in the 21st Century: Three PRESIDER: Leslie H. Gelb Challenges.” MAY 6, 2003 COSPONSORED WITH THE JAMES A. BAKER III INSTITUTE FOR PUBLIC POLICY, RICE UNIVERSITY

Karen Clark Brajesh Mishra Chief Executive Officer, AIR Worldwide Corporation National Security Adviser, India; Principal Secretary John Coomber to the Prime Minister Chief Executive Officer, Swiss Re Group “India and the United States: Five Years Ahead” Kenneth A. Froot CHAIR: Frank G. Wisner II André R. Jakurski Professor of Business, Harvard Business PRESIDER: Mahnaz Ispahani School; editor, The Financing of Catastrophe Risk MAY 7, 2003 COSPONSORED WITH THE ROUNDTABLE ON ALTERNATIVE FUTURES “Managing the Economic Risks of Terrorism” FOR SOUTHERN ASIA AND U.S. POLICY PRESIDER: Gordon C. Stewart APRIL 9, 2003 Donald H. Rumsfeld U.S. Secretary of Defense “Meeting with Donald Rumsfeld” PRESIDER: Peter G. Peterson MAY 27, 2003

Harvey Golub Former Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, American Express François Jaclot Former Vice Chairman and Chief Financial Officer, Suez Thomas Middelhoff Former Chief Executive Officer, Bertelsmann AG Paul O’Neill Former U.S. Secretary of the Treasury; former Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, ALCOA “Business as Usual? The Impact Alan Patricof, Enzo Viscusi, and Speaker Paul O’Neill, former U.S. Secre- of Transatlantic Antagonism” tary of the Treasury, at the June 10, 2003, Meeting, “Business as Usual? PRESIDER: David Braunschvig The Impact of Transatlantic Antagonism.” JUNE 10, 2003

64 Corporate Program

Corporate Membership

Corporate Benefactors PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP Bank One Corporation ABC, Inc. Prudential Financial Barst & Mukamal LLP AEA Inc. Sandalwood Securities, Inc. BASF Corporation Allen & Overy Shell Oil Company BDO Siedman LLP American Express Company Sony Corporation of America The Blackstone Group American International Group, Inc. Standard & Poor’s Bloomberg Financial Markets AOL Time Warner Inc. Standard Chartered Bank BNP Paribas Aramco Services Company Swiss Re America Corporation The Boeing Company Archer Daniels Midland Company TIAA-CREF Bombardier, Inc. AT&T Toyota Motor , Inc. Boston Properties Atticus Capital, LLC UBS PaineWebber, Inc. Bramwell Capital Management, Inc. Banco Mercantil C.A., S.A.C.A. UBS Warburg Brown Brothers Harriman & Co. Banco Santander Central Hispano Verizon Communications CDC IXIS North America, Inc. The Bank of New York Veronis, Suhler & Associates, Inc. Centurion Investment Group, LP Barclays Capital Vornado Realty Trust The Charles Schwab Corporation Booz, Allen & Hamilton, Inc. Wyoming Investment Corporation The Chubb Corporation BP p.l.c. Xerox Corporation CIBC World Markets Corp. Bristol-Myers Squibb Company Young & Rubicam Inc. Cisneros Group of Companies Caxton Corporation Claremont Capital Corporation ChevronTexaco Corporation Corporate Members Cleary, Gottlieb, Steen & Hamilton Citigroup AARP Clinton Group Continental Properties Access Industries Inc. The CNA Corporation Corning Incorporated ALCOA, Inc. The Coca-Cola Company Credit Lyonnais Securities (USA) Inc. Alleghany Corporation ConocoPhillips AG Alliance Capital Management The Consulate General of Japan Eni S.p.A. Amerada Hess Corporation Covington & Burling Exxon Mobil Corporation American Re Corporation Craig Drill Capital Federal Express Corporation Apax Partners, Inc. Credit Suisse First Boston Guardsmark, Inc. Apple Core Hotels Corporation J.P. Morgan Chase & Co. Arab Banking Corporation Debevoise & Plimpton & Co. ARAMARK Corporation Deere & Company Lockheed Martin Corporation Archipelago Holdings LLC Deloitte & Touche LLP Loral Space & Communications AREVA US Deutsche Asset Management McKinsey & Company, Inc. Arnold & Porter MeadWestvaco Corporation Arrow Electronics, Inc. The William H. Donner Merck & Co., Inc. Associated Group, LLC Foundation, Inc. Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc. Avaya Inc. AG Metropolitan Life Insurance BAE Systems EADS North America Company Baker & Hostetler LLP Ehrenkranz & Ehrenkranz LLP Morgan Stanley Baker Capital Corp. Eisner LLP New York Life International, Inc. The Baldwin-Gottschalk Group Equinox Management Partners, LP Nike, Inc. Banca di Roma Ernst & Young, LLP Occidental Petroleum Corporation Banca d’Italia Estee Lauder Companies Pfizer, Inc. Bank of America Fiat USA, Inc.

65 Corporate Program

FleetBoston Financial Mannheim LLC SG Cowen Securities Corporation Ford Motor Company Mark Partners Shearman & Sterling French-American Chamber Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc. Sidley Austin Brown & Wood, LLP of Commerce Marubeni America Corporation Simpson Thacher & Bartlett Furman Selz Capital Marvin & Palmer Associates, Inc. Soros Fund Management Management LLC Mastercard International Southern California Edison Galt Industries Mayer, Brown, Rowe & Maw Company Gavin Anderson & Company MBIA Insurance Corporation Starwood Hotels & Resorts General Electric Company The McGraw-Hill Companies Worldwide, Inc. General Maritime Corporation Medley Global Advisors Sullivan & Cromwell Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP Mine Safety Appliances Company Sumitomo Corporation of America GlaxoSmithKline Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP Thales, Inc. Goldman Sachs & Co. Natexis Bleichroeder Tiedemann Investment Group Grey Global Group Inc. Nomura Research Institute America Tudor Investment Corporation Hitachi Ltd. The Olayan Group Turkish Industrialists’ and IBM Corporation Oxford Analytica Inc. Businessmen’s Association Ingersoll-Rand Company PanAmSat Corporation United Technologies Intellispace Pepsico, Inc. USEC Interaudi Bank (USA) Peter Kimmelman Asset Vivendi Universal S.A. Intracom S.A. Management LLC Warburg Pincus LLC The Invus Group, L.L.C. Phillips–Van Heusen Corporation Washingtonpost.Newsweek Japan Bank for International POSCO America Corporation Interactive Cooperation Raytheon Company Watson Wyatt & Company JETRO New York Rothschild North America, Inc. Weber Shandwick Worldwide Johnson & Johnson The Royal Bank of Scotland Weil, Gotshal & Manges Jones, Day, Reavis & Pogue RWS Energy Services, Inc. Wellington Management Joukowsky Family Foundation Saber Partners Company, LLP KPMG LLP Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. W.P. Stewart & Co., Inc. Frères & Co. LLC Sara Lee Corporation Zephyr Management LP Lehman Brothers Schlumberger Limited Ziff Brothers Investments LLC Lucent Technologies Inc.

66 Term Member Program

he Stephen M. Kellen Term Member Program is designed to engage promising young leaders in a sustained conversation on international affairs and U.S. foreign policy. The program allows younger members to interact with seasoned foreign policy veter- Tans as well as participate in a wide variety of events designed especially for them. Each year a new class of term members, all between the ages of 28 and 34, is elected to a five-year membership. Committees of term members in New York City, Washington, D.C., and Boston serve as advisory bodies to the Council leadership and provide term members with opportunities to help create programs of particular interest to them. This past year, term members heard high-profile speakers, attended their seventh annual conference, participated in numerous seminars, and visited the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, the World Bank, and Mexico City, where they engaged for- eign officials and business leaders. Term members also benefited from a series of mul- tisession roundtables on pressing foreign policy issues. For information on how to become a term member, please see pages 113–15.

Program Highlights

Term Member Seminars Stephen W. Bosworth Dean, Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, Tufts University Peggy Dulany “U.S. Foreign Policy Toward the Korean Peninsula Chair, Synergos Institute in the Wake of September 11” “The Role of Civil Society in Focused Foreign PRESIDER: Walid Georges Chamoun Assistance” BOSTON • OCTOBER 24, 2002 PRESIDER: William Fulbright Foote BOSTON • SEPTEMBER 26, 2002 Kenneth M. Pollack Senior Fellow and Director of Research, Saban Center “Dinner with the 2002 Marshall Memorial Fellows” for Middle East Policy, Brookings Institution; author, The Threatening Storm: The Case for Invading Iraq MODERATOR: Stephen R. Grand WASHINGTON, D.C. • OCTOBER 17, 2002 “Discussion of The Threatening Storm: COSPONSORED WITH THE GERMAN MARSHALL FUND The Case for Invading Iraq” OF THE UNITED STATES PRESIDER: Zachary Karabell NEW YORK • OCTOBER 29, 2002

67 Term Member Program

Speaker Wesley K. Clark, Chairman and CEO, Wesley K. Clark & Associates, and former Supreme Allied Commander Europe, with term members at the February 20, 2003, Seventh Annual Term Member Conference, “Terrorism, Iraq, and the Middle East.”

Reuben E. Brigety II Michael Aronson Researcher, Human Rights Watch Editorial Board, Daily News Carolyn Margaret Campbell Lyndsay C. Howard Director and Senior Counsel, Emerging Markets Partnership President, Howard Communications LLC Richard Greco Jr. Zachary Karabell White House Fellow, U.S. Department of Defense Senior Economic Analyst and Futurist, Fred Alger Management Nigel W. Jones Deroy Murdock Senior Associate, Carlyle Group Senior Fellow, Atlas Economic Research Foundation “Debate: The United States Should Remove “Debate: Saudi Arabia: Friend or Foe?” Saddam Hussein by Force, Regardless of MODERATOR: Owen O’Driscoll West International Support for Such Action on Iraq” NEW YORK • NOVEMBER 12, 2002 MODERATORS: Daniel Calingaert and Daniel B. Prieto III WASHINGTON, D.C. • OCTOBER 30, 2002 Frank Cilluffo Special Assistant to the President, Office Theodore C. Sorensen of Homeland Security, and Executive Director, Of Counsel, Paul, Weiss, Rifkind, Wharton & Garrison LLP President’s Homeland Security Advisory Council “Conversation with Theodore C. Sorensen” Scott Gould Founder, President, and Chief Executive Officer, PRESIDER: Ernest R. May O’Gara Company BOSTON • NOVEMBER 6, 2002 Christopher L. Koch Charles A. Kupchan President and Chief Executive Officer, World Shipping Council Senior Fellow and Director of Europe Studies, Council on Paul B. Kurtz Foreign Relations; author, The End of the American Era: U.S. Senior Director for National Security, President’s Critical Foreign Policy and the Geopolitics of the Twenty-first Century Infrastructure Protection Board “Discussion of The End of the American Era: U.S. Foreign “Public/Private Cooperation in Homeland Security” Policy and the Geopolitics of the Twenty-first Century” PRESIDER: Daniel B. Prieto III PRESIDER: Philip H. Gordon WASHINGTON, D.C. • DECEMBER 3, 2002 WASHINGTON, D.C. • NOVEMBER 6, 2002

68 Term Member Program

Moeen A. Qureshi John Deutch Chairman and Founder, Emerging Markets Partnership Institute Professor, Massachusetts Institute “Post- Afghanistan” of Technology PRESIDER: Carolyn Margaret Campbell “Discussion on the Progress of the ” WASHINGTON, D.C. • JANUARY 13, 2003 PRESIDER: Marne L. Levine BOSTON • APRIL 3, 2003 Robert J. Chaves Partner, MatlinPatterson Global Advisors LLC Shanthi A. Kalathil Albert Fishlow Associate, Information Revolution and World Politics, Director, Center for Brazilian Studies, Columbia University Carnegie Endowment for International Peace “The Status and Outlook of the Washington Consensus David P. Welker in Latin America” Food and Allied Service Trades, AFL-CIO; former Economic Policy Analyst, U.S.-China Security PRESIDER: Raimundo L. Ruga Review Commission NEW YORK • JANUARY 29, 2003 Phoebe Yang Ronald D. Asmus Former Special Coordinator for China Rule of Law, U.S. Department of State Adjunct Senior Fellow, Council on Foreign Relations Robert W. Kagan “China over the Next Decade: Senior Associate, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace What Trends Are Emerging?” “If I Want to Call Europe, What Number Do I Call? PRESIDER: Andrew J. Shapiro WASHINGTON, D.C. • APRIL 14, 2003 How Power and Strategy Divide Europe and the United States” Stephen M. Walt PRESIDER: Gregory A. Maniatis Belfer Professor of International Affairs, John F. Kennedy NEW YORK • FEBRUARY 3, 2003 School of Government, Harvard University “Preventive War and U.S. Grand Strategy” “Debate: Is the Bush Administration Mismanaging Relations with Its Transatlantic Allies?” PRESIDER: Jeffrey W. Taliaferro BOSTON • APRIL 22, 2003 WASHINGTON, D.C. • APRIL 1, 2003

Peter G. Peterson, William J. McDonough, Stephen M. Kellen, Leslie H. Gelb, and Robert D. Hormats at the February 20, 2003, Seventh Annual Term Member Conference, “Terrorism, Iraq, and the Middle East.”

69 Term Member Program

Michael Mussa Michael J. Glennon Senior Fellow, Institute for International Economics; Professor of International Law, Fletcher School of Law former Economic Counselor and Director of the Department and Diplomacy, Tufts University of Research, International Monetary Fund Ashton B. Carter Ford Foundation Professor of Science and International Assistant Secretary, International Affairs, Affairs, John F. Kennedy School of Government, U.S. Department of the Treasury Harvard University “Evaluating U.S. and IMF Responses to “The Bush Administration’s Policy of ‘Preemption’: Emerging Market Financial Crises” Policy Implications” PRESIDER: Arturo C. Porzecanski PRESIDER: Monica Duffy Toft NEW YORK • APRIL 28, 2003 BOSTON • MAY 15, 2003

Laura L. Efros James B. Comey Director of Vaccine Public Policy, Merck & Co., Inc. Attorney, U.S. Attorney’s Office, Southern District Elizabeth A. McKeon of New York Labor Market and Social Transition Specialist, Anthony D. Romero U.S. Agency for International Development Executive Director, American Civil Liberties Union “Documentary Screening: Left Behind “The Balance between Civil Liberties and Discussion on HIV/AIDS” and Law Enforcement” PRESIDER: David Andrew Olson PRESIDER: Samuel Gates Williamson WASHINGTON, D.C. • MAY 12, 2003 NEW YORK • MAY 21, 2003

Richard K. Betts “Mock General Assembly Session on North Korea” Professor of Political Science, Columbia University, and NEW YORK • MAY 28, 2003 Adjunct Senior Fellow, Council on Foreign Relations

Front Row: Peter Kezirian, Chappell H. Lawson, Diana M. Song, Sandra Galvis, Vicente Fox, President of Mexico, Elizabeth G. Tsehai, Phoebe L. Yang, Bessie Skoures, and Wendy A. Maldonado. Second Row: David S. Huntington, David Perez, Alfonso de Maria y Campos, Cynthia A. Tindell, Tomás G. Amorim, and Sean D. McDevitt on the May 5–10, 2003, Term Member Trip to Mexico.

70 Term Member Program

Presider David Andrew Olson, Speaker Laura L. Efros, Director of Vaccine Public Policy, Merck & Co., Inc., and Speaker Elizabeth A. McKeon, Labor Market and Social Transition Specialist, U.S. Agency for International Development, at the May 12, 2003, “Documentary Screening: Left Behind and Discussion on HIV/AIDS.”

Term Member Roundtables Nancy E. Soderberg Vice President for Multilateral Affairs, Roundtable on International Law Enforcement International Crisis Group–New York NEW YORK “Postwar Reconstruction in Iraq” Roundtable on Transatlantic Relations MODERATOR: David L. Phillips NEW YORK • JUNE 11, 2003 NEW YORK COSPONSORED WITH THE SYNERGOS INSTITUTE Roundtable on U.S. Foreign Policy and Iran WASHINGTON, D.C.

Roundtable on the Bush Administration’s Trips Policy of “Preemption” Term Member Trip to West Point BOSTON WEST POINT, N.Y. • SEPTEMBER 30, 2002

Term Member Trip to the World Bank Special Events WASHINGTON, D.C. • OCTOBER 11, 2002 Term Member Trip to CNN Crossfire Seventh Annual Term Member Conference WASHINGTON, D.C. • NOVEMBER 13, 2002 “Terrorism, Iraq, and the Middle East” NEW YORK • FEBRUARY 20–21, 2003 Term Member Trip to Mexico MEXICO • MAY 5–10, 2003 John W. Leslie Chairman, Weber Shandwick Gerald Martone Director of Emergency Response, International Rescue Committee

71 Term Member Program

Term Member Annual Giving

Mona Aboelnaga April Kanne Donnellan Mark S. Hallerberg Kimberly Joy Marten James E. Sciutto Woodrow Ahn Douglas S. Donohue Ted Halstead Laura A. McIntosh Mark S. Seasholes Karen J. Alter Amanda Jean Dory Jonathan C. Hamilton Elizabeth A. McKeon Chris Seiple Angelo I. Amador Graham A. Duncan Larry Hanauer Darrin Michael Beth Shair-Goyer Jaime A. Areizaga-Soto Miranda Kaiser Duncan Evie Hantzopoulos McMahon Andrew J. Shapiro Fabiola R. Arredondo Keri Eisenbeis Blaire M. Harms Brian C. McPeek Andrew L. Shapiro Benjamin A. Atkins Christine A. Elder Gina Marie L. Hatheway Bruce Paul Mehlman Dorothy C. Shea Alyssa C. Ayres L. Brooks Entwistle Lukas Harrison Haynes James E. Mejía Lisa Shields Khalid Azim Elizabeth Factor Rebecca K.C. Hersman Claire Sechler Merkel Bippy M. Siegal Erica Jean Barks-Ruggles David M. Fairman Edward T. Hightower David A. Merkel Gretchen Crosby Sims Timothy J. Bartlett J. Rodney Faraon Joseph C. Hill Benjamin R. Miller Shanker A. Singham Pamela M. Bates Evelyn N. Farkas Matthew Todd Hobart Charles R. Miller Jennifer Friedman Perry S. Bechky Maggie M. Farley Auren Hoffman Frank J. Mirkow Sklarew Michael P. Behringer Irina A. Faskianos Eric Allan Holst Deroy Murdock Matthew J. Slaughter Thomas C. Beierle Evan A. Feigenbaum Kathleen Houlihan Peter F. Najera Samuel D. Smoots Jonathan N. Bell Daniel F. Feldman Christopher Bernard Scott Andrew Nathan Scott A. Snyder Esther T. Benjamin Noah R. Feldman Howard Haleh Nazeri Timothy D. Snyder Christina A. Bennett Michael R. Fenzel David S. Huntington Jennifer G. Newstead Lisa J. Solomon Joshua A. Berger Suzanne R. Ferlic David Wallace Irwin M. Diana Helweg Diana M.H. Song Pamela B. Berkowsky Anthony C. Fernandes Adam R. Isles Newton Kristen Staples Jonathan E. Berman Lisa Carolyn Ferrell Mark R. Jacobson Eric S. Nonacs Edward S. Steinfeld Elizabeth Clay Berry Maria C. Figueroa Küpçü Francis J. James Stephen T. Ostrowski Gina E. Sullivan Kian Beyzavi Mercedes Carmela Jennifer Cecelia Jenkins Carter W. Page Mona K. Sutphen David A. Bloom Fitchett Scott S. Johnson Edward S. Pallesen Scott L. Swid Luciana L. Borio Sarah A.W. Fitts Benjamin Felt Jones April Palmerlee Jeffrey W. Taliaferro Meena Bose William Fulbright Foote Kali Chantelle Jones Michael Pan Gligor A. Tashkovich Reuben E. Brigety II Michelle R. Forrest Alexander S. Jutkowitz Farah Anwar Pandith Dina Simone Steven V. Brock Jason William Forrester Eric John Kadel Jr. Parag Patel Temple-Raston Phoebe W. Brown V. Page Fortna Andrew R. Kassoy Stewart M. Patrick John K. Tien Jr. Geoffrey P. Burgess Brian L. Frank Kira Kay Brigid Myers Pavilonis Cynthia A. Tindell Christopher J. Burn Myra M. Frazier Charles R. Kaye Eric J. Pelofsky Amina Tirana Christina Duffy Burnett Stephen C. Freidheim Juliette N. Kayyem Lawrence Edward Monica Duffy Toft Daniel L. Byman Ladeene A. Freimuth Peter Bicknell Kellner Penn III Ly K. Tran Daniel Calingaert Alexander Stephen Peter Kezirian David Perez Elizabeth G. Tsehai Danielle D. Camner Friedman Neeraj L. Khemlani William A. Pizer Jonathan Matthew Lisa M. Caputo Mark T. Fung Stephen D. Kiser Peter G. Plaut Vaccaro Eileen E. Cassidy Amy Epstein Gadsden Jeffrey Stanley Kojac Daniel B. Prieto III Martina E. Vandenberg Tania Marie Chacho Joshua P. Galper Drew J. Ladner Edward L. Pulling Robert D. Vander Lugt Walid Georges Chamoun Sandra Galvis Brett B. Lambert Nigel Purvis Jeffrey Paul Varanini Joyce Chang Thomas B. Ginsburg Jim Alfred Landé Robert W. Radtke Ian A. Vasquez Juju Chang Jeffrey Scott Glueck Lauren R. Landis Fernande Scheid Raine Richard R. Verma Cory Charles Bruce N. Goldberger Chappell H. Lawson Kristin Denise Rechberger Debra L. Wasserman Audrey Choi Matthew N. Goldin David C. Leavy Saskia S. Reilly Elizabeth Anne Weiss Jeffrey L. Cimbalo Robert S. Goldsmith Gordon Nathaniel Elizabeth J. Remick Ivan S. Weissman Lynette Clemetson Nelson Ricardo González Lederman Brian Allen Rich Melvin F. Williams Jr. Elizabeth L. Colagiuri Andrea Pierce Goodman Amanda V. Leness A. Victoria Rivas-Vazquez Paul R. Williams Timothy W. Crawford Stuart Gottlieb Alexander T.J. Lennon Cara W. Robertson Laura Winters Bathsheba N. Crocker Stephen R. Grand Sarah G.J. Lennon Torrance W. Robinson Tamara Cofman Wittes Monica Elizabeth Shane Green Marcel J. Lettre II Jon J. Rosenwasser Minky Worden Crowley Lisa Greenberg Kenneth Joel Levit Carmen R. Rosenzweig Elizabeth Mai Worley Daniel Lester Cruise Louisa Coan Greve Jonathan E. Levitsky Linda D. Rottenberg Christine E. Wormuth Flavio Cumpiano Alyssa A. Grikscheit Lu Li Arthur Mark Rubin Kent Wosepka Geoffrey D. Dabelko Julie Grimes Waldorf Tamara Lipper Nadia C. Schadlow Phoebe L. Yang Michele Samantha Dash Paul C. Grove Betty Wen Ssu Liu Matthew P. Schaefer Nancy Yao Joy A. de Menil Andrew S. Gundlach Clark B. Lombardi Robert M. Scher Florence S.N. Zake Jean-Christophe Céline Stephanie Linda S. Lourie Karenna Gore Schiff Robert Lawrence de Swaan Gustavson Marcus Mabry Anya A. Schmemann Zangrillo M. Colette Devine Lynn E. Haaland Krista M. Magras James L. Schoff Jonathan L. Zittrain Gregory Djerejian Nina L. Hachigian

72 Communications

The Communications Department helped garner unprecedented attention this year for the Council’s proj- ects and programs. Mentions of the Council in the press were five times higher than last year, with Council-spon- sored Independent Task Forces receiving more than 1,000 citations. Council fellows contributed to the international debate through thou- sands of television, radio, print, and online interviews and hundreds of arti- cles and op-eds in leading media outlets. In a television first for the Council, “Wargame: Iraq,” a two-hour MSNBC spe- cial, featured Council President Leslie H. Gelb and Council fellows and members in mock National Security Coun- cil sessions gaming out possible scenarios lead- ing up to the war. The Communications Depart- ment, working closely with the Outreach Pro- gram, posted an Iraq Resource Cen- ter on the Council’s website well before the war broke out to give the press and the public an in-depth, easy-to-use source of information and analysis on U.S. policy on Iraq. The section was featured in the Inter- national Herald Tribune’s “Editor’s Choice” column for “Best Web Bets.” Website traffic also jumped dra- matically as the press and the public sought out measured, reliable information on the war on terrorism, the war in Iraq, and other key foreign policy issues this year. Total traffic for the Council’s websites, including Foreign Affairs, nearly doubled from the begin- ning of the program year, with more than half a million visitors viewing two million pages of Council content during busy months.

73 Publications

The Publications Department supports the Council’s mis- The Council published high-profile Independent Task sion by producing timely and important books, Task Force Force reports on homeland security, terrorist financing, reports, and papers. This year, the number of Independent rebuilding postwar Iraq, enhancing U.S. leadership at the Task Force reports more than doubled from last year, and United Nations, and North Korea, to name a few. These books authored by senior fellows are now regularly being consensus documents offered important and timely policy published by top trade publishers and university presses. recommendations on issues critical to U.S. policy. The Kenneth M. Pollack’s book, The Threatening Storm: The Case Council’s Center for Preventive Action published two for Invading Iraq, published by as a Council reports—on the Balkans and on Papua—providing practi- on Foreign Relations Book, was on best- cal recommendations that promoted measures to avert seller list for ten weeks. Other important and well-received deadly conflict in those two volatile regions. Council books included Charles A. Kupchan’s The End of the Additionally, the Council published Correspondence: An American Era: U.S. Foreign Policy and the Geopolitics of the International Review of Culture and Society, the semiannual Twenty-first Century (Knopf), Michael Mandelbaum’s The newsletter for which the Council served as publisher for Ideas That Conquered the World: Peace, Democracy, and Free three years. The Council is extremely pleased that New Markets in the Twenty-first Century (PublicAffairs), Warren York University’s Department of Journalism will pick up Bass’s Support Any Friend: Kennedy’s Middle East and the where we left off. Making of the U.S.-Israel Alliance (Oxford University Press), A complete listing of recent and past Council publica- and Adam Segal’s Digital Dragon: High-Technology Enter- tions can be found on the Council’s website (www.cfr.org), prises in China (Cornell University Press), among others. where the full text of many of them is also available.

74 Publications

Books by Council on Foreign Relations Fellows Mandelbaum. A Council on Foreign Relations Book. Public-Affairs (2002). • America and the World: Debating the New Shape of Interna- • The Middle East in Crisis, edited by James F. Hoge Jr. and tional Politics, edited by James F. Hoge Jr. and Gideon Gideon Rose. A Council on Foreign Relations Book. Rose. A Council on Foreign Relations Book. Council on Council on Foreign Relations Press (2002).* Foreign Relations Press (2002).* • Opening NATO’s Door, by Ronald D. Asmus. A Council on • Arabs at War: Military Effectiveness, 1948–1991, by Ken- Foreign Relations Book. Columbia University Press (2002). neth M. Pollack. A Council on Foreign Relations Book. • The Rise of China, edited by James F. Hoge Jr. and Gideon University of Nebraska Press (2002). Rose. A Council on Foreign Relations Book. Council on • Blood on the Doorstep: The Politics of Preventive Action, by Foreign Relations Press (2002).* Barnett R. Rubin. A Council on Foreign Relations Book. • Support Any Friend: Kennedy’s Middle East and the Making The Century Foundation Press (2002). of the U.S.-Israel Alliance, by Warren Bass. A Council on • The Bridge to a Global Middle Class, edited by Walter Rus- Foreign Relations Book. Oxford University Press (2003). sell Mead and Sherle R. Schwenninger. A Council on • The Threatening Storm: The Case for Invading Iraq, by Ken- Foreign Relations Book. Kluwer Academic Publishers neth M. Pollack. A Council on Foreign Relations Book. (2003). Random House (2002). • Digital Dragon: High-Technology Enterprises in China, by • The War on Terror, edited by James F. Hoge Jr. and Adam Segal. A Council on Foreign Relations Book. Cor- Gideon Rose. A Council on Foreign Relations Book. nell University Press (2002). Council on Foreign Relations Press (2002).* • The End of the American Era: U.S. Foreign Policy and the Geopolitics of the Twenty-first Century, by Charles A. Kupchan. A Council on Foreign Relations Book. Knopf Independent Task Force Reports (2002). • Afghanistan: Are We Losing the Peace? Chairmen’s Report. • Globalization: Challenge and Opportunity, edited by James Marshall M. Bouton, Nicholas Platt, and Frank G. Wis- F. Hoge Jr. and Gideon Rose. A Council on Foreign Rela- ner II, co-chairs; Dennis Kux and Mahnaz Ispahani, tions Book. Council on Foreign Relations Press (2002).* project executive directors. Cosponsored with the Asia • The Ideas That Conquered the World: Peace, Democracy, and Society (web paper, 2003). Free Markets in the Twenty-first Century, by Michael • America—Still Unprepared, Still in Danger. Gary Hart and Warren B. Rudman, co-chairs; Stephen E. Flynn, project *To order this book, call W.W. Norton at 1-800-233-4830. director (2002).

75 Publications

• Burma: Time for Change. Mathea Falco, chair (2003). • Threats to Democracy: Prevention and Response. Madeleine • Chinese Military Power. Harold Brown, chair; Joseph W. K. Albright and Bronislaw Geremek, co-chairs; Morton Prueher, vice chair; Adam Segal, project director (2003). H. Halperin, project director; Elizabeth Frawley Bagley, • Emergency Responders: Drastically Underfunded, Danger- associate director (2002). ously Unprepared. Warren B. Rudman, chair; Richard A. Clarke, senior adviser; Jamie Metzl, project director Preventive Action Commission Reports (2003). • Balkans 2010. Edward C. Meyer, chair; William L. Nash, • Enhancing U.S. Leadership at the United Nations. David project director (2002). Dreier and Lee H. Hamilton, co-chairs; Lee Feinstein • Indonesia Commission: Peace and Progress in Papua. Dennis and Adrian Karatnycky, project co-directors. Cospon- C. Blair, chair; David L. Phillips, project director (2003). sored with Freedom House (2002). • Finding America’s Voice: A Strategy for Reinvigorating U.S. Council Papers Public Diplomacy. Peter G. Peterson, chair; Jennifer Sieg, project director (2003). • Building a Transatlantic Securities Market, by Benn Steil • Iraq: The Day After. Thomas R. Pickering and James R. (2003). Schlesinger, co-chairs; Eric P. Schwartz, project director • Guiding Principles for U.S. Post-Conflict Policy in Iraq, by (2003). Edward P. Djerejian, Frank G. Wisner II, Rachel Bron- • Iraq: The Day After—Chairs’ Update. Thomas R. Pickering son, and Andrew S. Weiss (2003). and James R. Schlesinger, co-chairs; Eric P. Schwartz, • How Shareholder Reforms Can Pay Foreign Policy Divi- project director (web paper, 2003). dends, by James J. Shinn and Peter A. Gourevitch (2002). • Meeting the North Korean Nuclear Challenge. Morton I. Abramowitz and James T. Laney, co-chairs; Eric Hegin- Council Policy Initiatives botham, project director (2003). • A New National Security Strategy in an Age of Terrorists, • Terrorist Financing. Maurice R. Greenberg, chair; William F. Tyrants, and Weapons of Mass Destruction. Lawrence J. Wechsler and Lee S. Wolosky, project co-directors (2002). Korb, project director (2003).

Most Council on Foreign Relations Press books, Independent Task Force reports, Commission reports, papers, and Coun- cil Policy Initiatives are marketed and distributed by the Brookings Institution Press. To order, please call 1-800-275-1447. Council on Foreign Relations books published by outside publishers can be ordered at a local bookstore or from www..com. All Council publications are available on the Council’s website at www.cfr.org.

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he Council has never been more relevant than it is today, responding swiftly to critical issues with books, articles, op-eds, meetings, debates, town hall gatherings, task forces, and roundtables. Response to the Council’s development efforts from mem- Tbers, foundations, and corporations has enabled the Council to act independently and quickly when situations have warranted. New and ongoing support provided financial backing for our other work as well, resulting in policy-oriented studies, meetings, and publications on a variety of crucial topics. The Council extends its most sincere appre- ciation to all the donors listed in these pages.

The Annual Fund

Annual giving—the Independence Fund—provides a crit- ical piece of the Council’s overall funding, helping to sup- port key programming and annual operating expenses. This year annual giving grew to new heights as members contributed in record numbers. 1,792 members, represent- ing approximately 44 percent of the membership, gave $3,570,000 to the Annual Fund in fiscal year 2002–2003, the highest amount contributed by the largest percentage ever of the membership. Sixty-six members increased their gifts through corporate or foundation matching gift pro- grams. The Harold Pratt Associates, who give $10,000 or more each year, increased to 172 members, 38 of whom gave at the $25,000+ Chairman’s Circle level. As a tribute to Les Gelb for making the Term Member Program a top Council priority, term members responded Stephen A. Orlins, Matthew Nimetz, J. Tomilson Hill, and Thomas to a challenge spearheaded by Andrew S. Gundlach and Schick at the June 25, 2003, Farewell Reception for Leslie H. Gelb. Maria C. Figueroa Küpçü to boost term member partici- pation in annual giving. Deroy Murdock and Phoebe L. Yang wrote to their term member colleagues, with follow- up by a team of volunteers. Term member giving rose to 54 percent as a result. A special listing of the term mem- bers who contributed this year appears on page 72. All donors to the Annual Fund are listed on pages 80–86.

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Term Grants, Endowment, Restricted, and Special Gifts

The Ralph Bunche Chair The Maurice R. Greenberg John G. Heimann in Africa Policy Studies Center for Geoeconomic The William and Flora Hewlett Foundation The Council established a new en­ Studies J. Tomilson Hill dowed chair in Africa Policy Studies Established with major endowment Farooq Kathwari named in honor of Ralph Bunche and gifts from David Rockefeller and the Alan Kent Jones funded by a number of generous Starr Foundation, the center received a The Robert & Bethany Millard endowment gifts from major insitutions new endowment gift this year from the Charitable Foundation and private individuals. Richard Salomon Family Foundation. John J. Moore Jr. In addition, a number of ongoing The Price Family grants supported the work of individ­ Pauline H. Baker Foundation ual fellows at the center: Herschelle S. Challenor Nathaniel Rothschild ChevronTexaco Corporation BP International Ltd. Alan M. Silberstein The Coca-Cola Company The Patrick A. Gerschel Peter J. Solomon Frances D. Cook Foundation Kenneth I. Starr Maurice R. Greenberg Henry & Elaine Kaufman John W Vessey The Harmon Foundation Foundation Healthy Harvest Foundation Bernard & Irene Schwartz Congressional Roundtable The Hurford Foundation Foundation Jennifer Cecilia Jenkins Program Vincent A. Mai International Security American Express Foundation Peter G. Peterson German Marshall Fund of the The Seraphic Society Programs United States Shell International Limited Carnegie Corporation of New York The Horace W. Goldsmith James R. Silkenat Foundation The Starr Foundation The Next Generation Fellows The John D. and Catherine T. Terence A. Todman Program MacArthur Foundation Elizabeth G. Tsehai/ The John D. and Catherine T. The Pew Charitable Trusts E.T Communications MacArthur Foundation The Starr Foundation Katherine T Ward John M. Olin Foundation Carl Ware Task Forces and Howard Wolpe Center for Democracy Council Policy Initiatives Global Health Policy Studies and Free Markets Rohit M. Desai The William and Flora Hewlett ENI S.p.A. The Council has established a new sen­ Foundation Ford Foundation ior fellowship in global health policy Open Society Institute German Marshall Fund of the studies with a generous grant from the United States Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. Center for Preventive Action Guardsmark, LLC Robert S. McNamara The Paul C. Warnke Lecture The center develops and promotes Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc. in International Security strategies to preempt or mitigate Open Society Institute The Council established an endowed deadly conflicts caused by civil and Pearl Family Fund annual lecture in honor of Paul C. ethnic violence. Peter G. Peterson Warnke to commemorate his legacy of Terry Lynn Andreas The Rockefeller Brothers Fund courageous service to the nation and to Alan R. Batkin Arthur Ross Foundation international peace. The Council is Patrick M. Byrne The Starr Foundation grateful to the more than 85 Council The Byrne Foundation Tishman Speyer Properties members, family and friends of Paul Stephen C. Freidheim United Nations Foundation Warnke whose contributions made this Joachim Gfoeller Jr. Malcolm Hewitt Wiener permanently endowed lecture possible. Peter M. Gottsegen Foundation

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Studies Projects Robert K. Lifton Grant G. and Shelley Behrman Yosef A. Maiman Carnegie Corporation of New York Allen Adler Fouad Makhzoumi and the Future Home Box Office Henry H. Arnhold Millennium Foundation Robert S. McNamara The Lynde & Harry Bradley Munib R. Masri Kenneth A. Moskow Foundation Carnegie Corporation of New York Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Norway Santa Monica Pictures Ronnie C. Chan Pepsi-Cola International John Train Robert J. Chaves Louis Perlmutter Kimball C. Chen Robert L. Rosen Other Endowed Programs Ford Foundation Mohammed Jassem Al-Sager and Chairs The Freedom Forum Alfa Bank Victor K. Fung Stephen M. Kellen William A.M. Burden Charitable German Marshall Fund of the Term Member Program Lead Trust United States Anna-Maria & Stephen Kellen Estate of John B. Hurford John H. Gutfreund Foundation Robert S. McNamara The William and Flora Hewlett Lawrence C. McQuade Foundation National Program The Richard Salomon Family Frank W. Hoch Foundation International Securities Market Mimi and Peter Haas Simpson Thacher & Bartlett Association Japan Atomic Industrial Forum Women in Foreign Policy Other Special Gifts Lockheed Martin Corporation Fran Amirsaleh J.B. Fernandes Memorial Trust 1 The John D. and Catherine T. Hitachi Corporation MacArthur Foundation Brook Berlind Cathleen Black James Family Charitable Foundation Markle Foundation The Moore Charitable Foundation Andrew Mellon Foundation Connie K. Duckworth Linda Gottlieb New York Times Foundation Open Society Institute Paine Webber Foundation Robert Rosenkranz Lola N. Grace Diane Jacobsen Sasakawa Peace Foundation Shell International Limited The Starr Foundation James J. Shinn Joselow Foundation Eileen Weiler Judell Suntory Foundation Smith Richardson Foundation Rose Peabody Lynch The Starr Foundation Sheila Nemazee Gifts in Kind Maurice Tempelsman Nancy S. Newcomb The Council is grateful to Richard N. Tinker Foundation Susan Nitze Foster and McKinsey & Company for C.C. Tung Patricia M. Patterson help with Corporate Program and Carl Ware Rosemary L. Ripley Term Member Program strategic plan­ Woodcock P. Foundation Diana Rowan ning, the IBM Corporation for informa­ Rosina Samadani tion services technical support, Young U.S.-Middle East Project Marybeth Sharpe & Rubicam for help with Corporate Fouad M.T. Alghanim Estelle Tanner Program marketing, Corbis Saba and BP p.l.c. the for providing pho­ Lester Crown and the Arie and Ida New York and Washington tos for the Peterson Gallery, HBO for Crown Memorial Meetings Programs production services for the Gelb video, ENI Sp.A. American Institute for Foreign Harold C. Pachios for help with the European Commission Study Foundation Public Diplomacy Task Force report, Gulfstream Aerospace Corp. Behrman Brothers Management and Robert C. Waggoner for media Hamza Al-Kholi Corp. monitoring and computer software. Nemir A. Kirdar Estate of Darryl Behrman

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Annual Giving Donors

Chairman's Harold Pratt Michael E. Gellert Alan Joel Patricof Patrons Circle Associates Louis V. Gerstner Jr. Robert Price Joachim Gfoeller Jr. William W. Priest Jr. ($5,000-$9,999) ($25,000+) ($10,000-$24,999) Peter M. Gottsegen Thomas L. Pulling Anonymous (2) Anonymous Anonymous Michael D. Granoff Stephen Robert The Ahn Family Robert John Odeh F. Aburdene Evan G. Greenberg John J. Roberts Foundation Abernethy Allen R. Adler Glenn H. Greenberg IV Woodrow Ahn Paul A. Allaire Altman/Kazickas and Linda J. Vester Daniel Rose M. Bernard Aidinoff Terry Lynn Andreas Foundation Jeffrey W. Greenberg Marshall Rose Nicholas Burns Stanley S. Arkin David Altshuler Martin J. Gross Robert Rosenkranz Binkley Leon D. Black Henry H. Arnhold Agnes Gund Robert E. Rubin Harold Brown Patrick M. Byrne Elizabeth Frawley Mimi and Peter Haas John T. Ryan III W. Bowman Cutter Henry Cornell Bagley Sidney Harman Peter M. Sacerdote William M. Daley Laurence M. Band James A. Harmon Douglas E. Schoen The Dillon Fund Bart Friedman Alan R. Batkin James W. Harpel Michael Peter James P. Dougherty Richard L. Gelb Robert A. Belfer Jane D. Hartley Schulhof Kenneth M. Barbara Goldsmith Robert H. Benmosche John G. Heimann Walter V. Shipley Duberstein Maurice R. Greenberg Austin M. Beutner J. Tomilson Hill Bippy M. Siegal Peggy Dulany The Mark Haas Jeffrey Bewkes CarlaA.Hills Alan M. Silberstein John Lindner Eastman Foundation Kenneth J. Bialkin Frank W. Hoch Matthew R. Simmons Robert F. Erburu Ray R. Irani John H. Biggs Ta-Lin Hsu Peter J. Solomon Paul J. Fribourg Robert Wood John P. Birkelund Yves-Andre Istel Maurice Sonnenberg Albert H. Gordon Johnson Jr. Edward Bleier Morton L. Janklow Paul Soros Theresa A. Havell Charitable Trust Denis A. Bovin Alan Kent Jones Joan E. Spero Melvin L. Heineman Henry R. Kravis Christopher W. Brody Virginia Ann Kamsky Jerry I. Speyer Richard C. Holbrooke Leonard A. Lauder James E. Burke Gilbert E. Kaplan David F. Stein Robert D. Hormats Ira A. Lipman Robert Carswell Henry Kaufman Walter P. Stern Karen N. Horn Donald B. Marron Frank J. Caufield Charles R. Kaye Deborah F. and Ned B. Robert J. Hurst Raymond Donald Anne Cox Chambers Stephen M. Kellen Stiles Nancy A. Jarvis Nasher Jonathan A. Chanis Orin S. Kramer Howard Stringer Peter Bicknell Kellner Richard D. Parsons Robert J. Chaves Richard M. Krasno Stephen Claar Swid Harvey Krueger Peter G. Peterson Howard E. Cox Jr. Chong-Moon Lee G. Richard Thoman Philip C. Lauinger Jr. Lionel I. Pincus Theodore Cross John A. Levin Paul A. Volcker David A. Laventhol Lester Pollack Lester Crown Michael Stuart Levin Robert C. Waggoner John P. Lipsky David Rockefeller Jack David Sherman R. Lewis Jr. Stanley A. Weiss John W. Madigan Felix G. Rohatyn Kim Gordon Davis Vincent A. Mai John C Whitehead Jack Nash E. John Rosenwald Jr. Lynn Forester de Richard Mallery Anita Volz Wien Marc B. Nathanson Tom F. Marsh Jan Nicholson Arthur Ross Rothschild James D. Wolfensohn William J. McDonough Frank H. Pearl Richard E. Salomon William H. Donaldson I. Peter Wolff Carl B. Menges Louis Perlm utter James Baker Sitrick Robin Chandler Duke Ward W. Woods John E. Merow Albert V. Ravenholt The Starr Foundation Charles William Guy Patrick Robert Millard William R. Rhodes Kenneth I. Starr Duncan Jr. Wyser-Pratte Ken Miller Nicholas Rockefeller Stephen J. Treadway Blair Effron George H. Young III James Mossman Henry B. Schacht Enzo Viscusi Mallory and Elizabeth William D. Zabel Theodore C. Sorensen Malcolm Hewitt Factor Michel Zaleski Ronald L. and Jane T. Gina E. Sullivan Wiener Foundation Richard N. Foster Robert Lawrence Anthony P. Terracciano Robert G. Wilmers Stephen C. Freidheim Olson Zangrillo Lee B. Thomas Jr. Mortimer B. Richard S. Fuld Jr. Open Society Institute Ezra K. Zilkha Preston Robert Tisch Zuckerman Gail Furman Karen Elizabeth Parker James D. Zirin Richard Allen Voell Bruce S. Gelb Feld

80 Development

John L. Weinberg Johnnetta B. Cole Barbara Hackman Timothy A. Hultquist Robert B. McKeon Frederick B. Isobel Coleman Franklin Swanee Hunt Thomas F. McLarty III Whittemore Philip E. Comstock Jr. Harry L. Freeman Patricia Skinner Robert S. McNamara William J. Williams Jr. Jill M. Considine Richard A. Freytag Huntington Roberto G. Mendoza Paula A. Zahn John F. Crawford Fredrica S. Friedman Philip M. Huyck Zoltan Merszei Mary S. Cross Stephen J. Friedman Allen I. Hyman Ricardo A. Mestres Jr. Sponsors Lee Cullum William H. Frist Mahnaz Ispahani Edward C. Meyer Christine M. David Fromkin John E. Jacob J. Irwin Miller ($l,000-$4,999) Cumming Richard M. Furlaud Merit E. Janow Daniel R. Mintz Anonymous (2) Nelson W. Ellen V. Futter Jennifer Cecelia George J. Mitchell Wilder K. Abbott Cunningham Orit B. Gadiesh Jenkins Walter Thomas A. Robert Abboud Walter J.P. Curley Jr. James R. Gaines James A. Johnson Molano Madeleine K. Albright Kenneth W. Dam Sergio J. Galvis L. Oakley Johnson John J. Moore Jr. Margo N. Alexander Marcia Wachs Dam Leslie H. Gelb Thomas S. Johnson Richard M. Moose David R. Andrews D. Ronald Daniel Peter Andrew Thomas V. Jones Edward L. Morse M. Michael Ansour Ralph Parsons Georgescu Thomas W. Jones David H. Mortimer Michael H. Armacost Davidson James Henry Giffen Peter Martin Joost Robert A. Mosbacher C. Michael Armstrong Kathryn W. Davis David Ginsburg Vernon E. Jordan Jr. Michael H. Moskow John E. Avery Joseph Deegan Day Peter Gleysteen Alexander S. Jutkowitz Craig James Mundie Carter F. Bales Drew Saunders Frederick W. Gluck Helene L. Kaplan Winthrop R. Munyan Charles F. Barber Days III Richard K. Goeltz Andrew R. Kassoy Ewell E. Murphy Jr. Thomas Corcoran Barry George de Menil William T. Golden Arthur L. Kelly Thomas S. Murphy Richard I. Beattie Lois Pattison de Menil Harrison J. Goldin Donald M. Kendall Raffiq A. Nathoo Gregory R. Bedrosian Eli Whitney Charles N. Goldman Jeane J. Kirkpatrick Jeffrey C. Neal Susan Vail Berresford Debevoise II Jeffrey A. Goldstein Henry A. Kissinger Nancy S. Newcomb Simon Michael Bessie Robert E. Denham Roy M. Goodman Roger C. Kline Priscilla A. Newman Henry S. Bienen Kenneth T. Derr Jamie S. Gorelick Jeffrey Stanley Kojac Quigg Newton James Henry Binger Robert L. Patricia F. Green C. Douglas Edward N. Ney Shirley Temple Black Dilenschneider Janet Mullins Grissom Kranwinkle Rodney W. Nichols Richard C. Blum Robert C. Dinerstein Henry A. Grunwald Thomas F. Kranz A. Kenneth Nilsson W. Michael Blumenthal Daniel L. Doctoroff John H. Gutfreund Jay L. Kriegel Lucio A. Noto Andy S. Bodea Joseph D. Duffey John H.J. Guth Thomas N. Kushner Philip A. Odeen John A. Bohn John C. Duncan Nina L. Hachigian Brett B. Lambert Morris W. Offit J. Dennis Bonney Patrick Andrew Joseph A. Hafner Jr. Mildred Robbins Leet Lyndon L. Olson Jr. James W. Owens Carter Booth Dunigan Claus M. Halle John W. Leslie Jr. Stephen A. Oxman Andrew F. Brimmer William D. Eberle Edward K. Hamilton Susan B. Levine Carter W Page Kenneth D. Brody Eleanor L. Edelman Edward J. Hardin Glen S. Lewy Bruce Lawrence Tom Brokaw Jessica P. Einhorn Deborah A. Harding John H. Lichtblau Edgar M. Bronfman Robert J. Einhorn William B. Harrison Jr. Nancy A. Lieberman Paisner Richard R Brown Jr. Inger McCabe Elliott William Alan Troland S. Link Victor H. Palmieri David S. Browning Osborn Elliott Haseltine Bette Bao Lord Stewart J. Paperin John E. Bryson L. Brooks Entwistle Lukas Harrison Winston Lord Scott E. Pardee Philip Caldwell Jonathan Foster Fanton Haynes James T. Lynn Howard G. Paster James H. Carter Martin S. Feldstein Charles A. Gary E. MacDougal Ernest T. Patrikis Elliot R. Cattarulla Suzanne R. Ferlic Heimbold Jr. Margaret E. Mahoney Patricia M. Patterson Henry E. Catto Geraldine A. Ferraro Benjamin W. Lewis Manilow Judith K. Paulus Joyce Chang Antonio Luis Ferre Heineman Jr. David I. Margolis Juju Chang Hart Fessenden David W. Heleniak Carlton A. Masters Joseph R. Perella Kenneth I. Chenault Julie Ann Fisher John M. Hennessy Jay Mazur David Perez Warren Christopher Peter Flaherty John B. Hess Barry R. McCaffrey Linda J. Per kin Betsy Cohen Alan H. Fleischmann A. Michael Hoffman Paul W. McCracken Rudolph A. Peterson Jerome Alan Cohen Henrietta Holsman James R. Houghton Patricia Ann McFate Jane Cahill Pfeiffer Jonathan E. Colby Fore Roy M. Huffington Cappy R. McGarr Leon K. Pfeiffer

81 Development

John J. Phelan Jr. Joshua L. Steiner Paul F. Anderson James Reed Ellis Warren M. Hoge David L. Phillips David J. Stern Fabiola R. Arredondo Alexander T. Ercklentz Dwight F. Holloway Jr. Harvey Picker James W. Stevens Leslie E. Bains Mathea Falco Richard C. Hottelet Thomas R. Pickering Gordon C. Stewart Nancy Kassebaum J. Rodney Faraon Charlayne Charles M. Pigott Scott L. Swid Baker Lee Feinstein Hunter-Gault Nicholas Piatt Paul Tagliabue Carol Baldwin Moody Eugene V. Fife Alberto Ibargiien Peter G. Plaut David K.Y. Tang William G. Bardel Lisa Finstrom Mel M. Immergut Richard W. Pogue Harold Tanner Robert L. Bartley Stanley Fischer Karl F. Inderfurth Charles O. Prince III Maurice Tempelsman Richard E. Beeman Charles C. Foster Bobby R. Inman Susan Kaufman Sarah M. Terry Louis Begley Arminio Fraga Neto Maxine Isaacs Purcell Louisa Thoron Christina A. Bennett William Emery Walter S. Isaacson Leonard V. Quigley Maynard J. Toll Jr. Lucy Wilson Benson Franklin Jeh Charles Johnson Alan H. Rappaport Audrey Ronning Marilyn Berger Peter H.B. Nancie S. Johnson Richard Ravitch Topping Bruce D. Berkowitz Frelinghuysen Robert P. Kadlec Kristin Denise Seymour Topping John C. Bierley Thomas L. Friedman Mark N. Kaplan Rechberger Ly K. Tran Robert Jay Blendon Michael B.G. Froman Daniel Roger Katz Milbrey Rennie Mark C. Treanor John C. Botts Kathryn S. Fuller Paul X. Kelley Stanley R. Resor Elizabeth G. Tsehai Jo Ivey Boufford Evan G. Galbraith John F. Kerry Donald S. Rice Marsha Vande Berg Kay Boulware-Miller Pamela B. Gann Peter Kezirian Joseph A. Rice William J. vanden John Brademas Marlen Garcia Melanie M. Brian Allen Rich Heuvel Henry R. Breck Juan M. Kirkpatrick Robert S. Rifkind Peter H. Vermilye Steven V Brock Garcia-Passalacqua John C. Kornblum Charles S. Robb David J. Vitale Geoffrey P. Burgess Richard N. Gardner Mahesh K. Kotecha Joseph E. Robert Jr. Stephen R. Volk William J. Butler Murray J. Gart Nancy Jo Kuenstner John D. Rockefeller IV Linda J. Wachner F. Gregory Campbell Philomene A. Gates Punita Kumar-Sinha Elihu Rose Marshall I. Wais Jr. Frank C. Carlucci Burton L. Gerber Geraldine S. Robert L. Rosen John L. Walker David C. Chang Jeffrey Scott Glueck Kunstadter Patricia L. Rosenfield Barbara Walters Daniel William Victor Gotbaum Edward Ladd A. M. Rosenthal Debra L. Wasserman Christman Henry Franklin Graff Betty Goetz Lall Gary N. Ross Jeffrey L. Cimbalo Robert D. Graff John D. Langlois Robert S. Ross Frank A. Weil Jack G. Clarke Thomas Graham Jr. Nicholas R. Lardy Charles O. Rossotti Jasper A. Welch Jr. Donald K. Clifford Jr. R. Scott Greathead Ned C. Lautenbach Warren B. Rudman William F. Weld Barbara S. Cochran Carl J. Green Shelly B. Lazarus Arthur F. Ryan Anne Wexler William S. Cohen Arthur N. Greenberg Roger S. Leeds Barry A. Sanders Marina V.N. Whitman Elizabeth L. Colagiuri Lisa Greenberg Joseph Lelyveld Diane Sawyer Thomas Lloyd Lewis W Coleman Donald P. Gregg Amanda V Leness Theodore H. Schell Wilkerson Jill Conway Linda Griego Marc Levinson Thomas Schick Don M. Wilson III John F. Cooke Julie Grimes Waldorf Timothy Light Arthur Schneier Herbert S. Winokur Jr. William H. Courtney Andrew S. Gundlach Jonathan S. Linen Brian T Schreiber Milton A. Wolf Barbara Crossette Bernard M. Gwertzman Tamara Lipper Stephen A. Judy C. Woodruff William J. Crowe C. Barrows Hall Oivind Lorentzen III Schwarzman Jacob Worenklein Daniel Lester Cruise John P. Hall James G. Lowenstein Frederick C. Seibold Jr. William H. Wright II William H. Danforth Kathryn Walt Hall Monica C. Lozano George P. Shultz Andrew Young Russell J. DaSilva Ann O. Hamilton Bruce K. MacLaury Adele Simmons Nancy Young Roxanne J. Decyk Scott M. Hand John Dewitt Robert S. Hatfield David R. Slade Frank G. Zarb John Deutch Macomber Alexandre P. Hayek Jean Kennedy Smith Brian R. Zipp Robert P. DeVecchi Michael Mandelbaum Arthur C. Helton Dorothy Meadow C. Maury Devine Murrey Marder Edward P. Djerejian Heather Richardson Sobol Donors Andrew W. Marshall Gillian Martin Thomas R. Donahue Higgins Kati I. Marton Sorensen ($500-$999) Douglas S. Donohue Robert F. Higgins William B. Matteson Scott M. Spangler Morton I. Abramowitz Robert R. Douglass Joseph C. Hill Michael M. May Frank Stanton Fouad Ajami James H. Duffy Rachel Hines Alonzo L. McDonald Philip A. Dur Elliot Stein Deborah Susan Amos Steven I. Hofman Donald F. McHenry

82 Development

Walter Russell Mead George H. Shenk Lew Allen Jr. Pamela B. Berkowsky Diane Alleva Caceres Eric D.K. Melby Lisa Shields Michael A. Almond Jonathan E. Berman Camille M. Caesar Judy Hendren Mello C. J. Silas Jonathan H. Alter John E. Berndt Dawn T Calabia John R. Menke Ron Silver Karen J. Alter Peter W. Bernstein Louis E. Caldera Helen V. Milner Richard N. Sinkin Jose E. Alvarez Jan Berris Daniel Calingaert Ambler H. Moss Jr. Paul S. Slawson Angelo I. Amador Elizabeth Clay Berry Robert J. Callander David C. Mulford Patricia T. Smalley Harold W. Andersen Richard K. Betts David Patrick Calleo George B. Munroe Richard M. Smith Lisa Anderson Kian Beyzavi Danielle D. Camner Richard W. Murphy Scott A. Snyder Robert Anthoine George C. Biddle Colin G. Campbell Janice L. Murray Abraham David Sofaer Nancy A. Aossey Eugene A. Birnbaum Thomas J. Campbell Scott Andrew Nathan Helena Stalson Kwame Anthony Joseph E. Black David A. Caputo John D. Negroponte Paul E. Steiger Appiah Robert O. Blake Lisa M. Caputo Jay H. Newman Alfred C. Stepan Tomas A. Arciniega Stephen Blank John Carey Matthew Nimetz Todd D. Stern Jaime A. Areizaga-Soto Alan S. Blinder William D. Carmichael Paul H. Nitze Gordon R. Sullivan Anne L. Armstrong Anthony J. Blinken Barry E. Carter William A. Nitze James S. Sutterlin Lloyd Armstrong Jr. David A. Bloom Hodding Carter III Marcus Noland Brandon W. Sweitzer Jonathan David Daniel E. Bob Mark Andrew Carter Norman J. Ornstein Aronson Frederick M. Bohen Eileen E. Cassidy Patrick J. O'Rourke Peter Tarnoff Carole Artigiani Avis T. Bohlen Richard Edward John E. Osborn Thomas C. Theobald Benjamin A. Atkins Andrea Bonime-Blanc Cavanagh Michael Pan Franklin A. Thomas Jesse H. Ausubel David L. Boren Ray Charles Cave Michael Christopher Alexander B. Patrick G. Awuah Jr. Luciana L. Borio Tania Marie Chacho Parks Trowbridge Alyssa C. Ay res Meena Bose Walid Georges Joseph F. Peyronnin Laura D'Andrea Tyson Khalid Azim Marshall M. Bouton Chamoun Steve R. Pieczenik Garrick Utley M. Delal Baer Robert R. Bowie Cory Charles Marnie S. Pillsbury Marta B. Varela John R. Baker William L. Bradley Robert Bruce Charles Calvin H. Plimpton Harold E. Varmus Pauline H. Baker Linda Parrish Brady Steve Charnovitz Arturo C. Porzecanski John W. Vessey Peter Bakstansky Nicholas F. Brady Robert Chartener Colin L. Powell Alberto Vitale Robert Edward S. Stephen A. Cheney David Braunschvig Philip H. Power Jay M. Vogelson Baldwin Audrey Choi George William Allen E. Puckett Carl E. Vuono Gerald L. Baliles Thomas J. Christensen Edward L. Pulling George B. Weiksner Teresa C. Barger Breslauer Teresa Hillary Clarke Lucian W. Pye Clifton R. Wharton Jr. Erica Jean Reuben E. Brigety II Peter A. Clement Simon Ramo Melvin F. Williams Jr. Barks-Ruggles Harvey Brooks Lynette Clemetson Clyde E. Rankin 111 Edwin D. Williamson Harry G. Barnes Jr. Charles N. Brower Harlan Cleveland Charles Byron Charles Wolf Jr. Joseph W. Bartlett Carroll Brown Herman J. Cohen Renfrew Minky Worden Timothy J. Bartlett Frederic J. Brown Julius E. Coles Renate Rennie Elizabeth Mai Worley Pamela M. Bates L. Carl Brown Frances D. Cook Rozanne L. Ridgway Linda Tsao Yang Francis M. Bator Phoebe W. Brown Gary M. Cook Nayla M. Rizk Daniel Yankelovich Carol Edler Baumann Robert S. Browne Goodwin Cooke Cara W. Robertson Nancy Yao Frank D. Bean Judith Bruce Charles A. Cooper David Rockefeller Jr. Daniel H. Yergin Perry S. Bechky Greyson L. Bryan Suzanne Cott Riordan Roett Jaime Ernesto Yordan David Z. Beckler Mark E. Buchman Elizabeth M. Cousens Peter R. Rosenblatt Edgar B. Young Michael P. Behringer Thomas Buergenthal Geoffrey Cowan Stanley Owen Roth Charles J. Zwick Thomas C. Beierle Mary Brown Bullock Peter F. Cowhey Ronald A. Route Nicholas F. Beim Deborah K. Burand Margaret E. Crahan Timothy W. Crawford Arthur Mark Rubin Contributors Burwell B. Bell Christopher J. Burn David Satcher Jonathan N. Bell Christina Duffy Bathsheba N. Crocker Adelaide McGuinn Herbert S. Schlosser (Up to $499) Mack Bell Burnett Benno Schmidt Jr. Labeeb M. Abboud Steve Bell Patrick Owen Burns Cromwell Kurt L. Schmoke Mona Aboelnaga John B. Bellinger III Rolland H. Bushner Monica Elizabeth Donna E. Shalala Michael H. Alderman Stephanie K. Bell-Rose Ralph Buultjens Crowley Kevin P. Sheehan George H. Aldrich Esther T. Benjamin Daniel L. Byman Lester M. Crystal Eleanor B. Sheldon Robert J. Alexander Joshua A. Berger Louis W. Cabot Flavio Cumpiano

83 Development

Walter L. Cutler Marian Wright Donald T. Fox Stephen Richards Tammany D. Hobbs Geoffrey D. Dabelko Edelman Brian L. Frank Graubard Miracky Dorinda G. Dallmeyer Hermann Frederick Charles R. Frank Jr. Shane Green Amoretta M. Hoeber James E. Dalton Eilts Myra M. Frazier Joseph N. Greene Jr. Malcolm I. Hoenlein Lori Fisler Damrosch Keri Eisenbeis Ladeene A. Freimuth G. Jonathan Auren Hoffman Mark D. Danner Christine A. Elder Edward R. Fried Greenwald Bruce Hoffman Michele Samantha Patricia Ellis Alexander Stephen Hugh D.S. Greenway George Roberts Dash Ainslie T. Embree Friedman Louisa Coan Greve Hoguet Nathaniel Davis David B. Ensor Benjamin M. Friedman Alyssa A. Grikscheit Mary Elizabeth Krishna Perkin Richard D. Erb William P. Fuller Brandon H. Grove Jr. Hoinkes Davison Claude E. Erbsen Mark T. Fung Paul C. Grove John L. Holden Marion M. Dawson Robert H. Estabrook Amy Epstein Gadsden Celine Stephanie Henry Allen Holmes Carr Daniel C. Esty Robert L. Gallucci Gustavson Eric Allan Hoist Arnaud de Borchgrave Richard Fairbanks Joshua P. Galper Edwin O. Guthman Pat M. Holt Joy A. de Menil David M. Fairman Sandra Galvis Lynn E. Haaland John D. Holum Jean-Christophe de Robert E. Fallon Charles S. Ganoe Robert D. Haas Gary N. Horlick Swaan Evelyn N. Farkas Nina Luzzatto Richard N. Haass Matina Souretis Rimmer de Vries Maggie M. Farley Gardner Mark S. Hallerberg Horner Edwin A. Deagle Jr. Irina A. Faskianos Charles Gati Paul Hallingby Jr. Alan W. Horton Jonathan Dean Evan A. Feigenbaum Helene D. Gayle Ted Halstead Bradley C. Hosmer F. Amanda DeBusk Ava S. Feiner Philip O. Geier Jonathan C. Hamilton Amory Houghton Jr. Alfred C. DeCrane Jr. Samuel H. Feist Peter F. Geithner Larry Hanauer Kathleen Houlihan Ralston H. Daniel F. Feldman Timothy F. Geithner Carl Thor Hanson Christopher Bernard Deffenbaugh Jr. Noah R. Feldman Louis Gerber Evie Hantzopoulos Howard Brewster C. Denny Michael R. Fenzel Ralph J. Gerson Blaire M. Harms Lee W. Huebner David B.H. Denoon Charles H. Ferguson Michael Getler Conrad K. Harper Gary C. Hufbauer Phil E. DePoy Anthony C. Fernandes Tatiana C. Gfoeller Todd Christopher Hart R. Patricia Murphy Frank E. Ferrari Loren Ghiglione Arthur A. Hartman Ellen H. Hume Derian Maurice A. Ferre Jackson B. Gilbert Jon K. Hartzell David S. Huntington James V. Derrick Jr. Lisa Carolyn Ferrell Thomas B. Ginsburg John H.F.Haskell Jr. J. C. Hurewitz I.M. Destler Maria C. Figueroa Robert R. Glauber Gina Marie L. Sol Hurwitz M. Colette Devine Kiipcii Norma Globerman Hatheway David R. Ignatius Joan Didion Barbara D. Finberg Carol Gluck John Resor Hauge Alice Stone llchman Gregory Djerejian Seymour Maxwell Robert F. Goheen William Locke Robert S. Ingersoll Paula J. Dobriansky Finger Ronnie L. Goldberg Hauser Michael D. Intriligator Justin W. Doebele Lawrence S. Bruce N. Goldberger Margaret Daly Hayes David Wallace Irwin April Kanne Finkelstein James M. Goldgeier Thomas B. Hayward John Jay Iselin Donnellan Paul B. Finney Matthew N. Goldin Charles B. Heck Steven L. Isenberg Norman Dorsen Edwin B. Firmage Marshall I. Goldman Barbara D. Christopher Isham Amanda Jean Dory Mercedes Carmela Merle D. Goldman Heep-Richter Adam R. Isles William Drayton Fitchett Robert S. Goldsmith Harry Leonard Paul Jabber Joy E. Drucker SarahA.W.Fitts David L. Goldwyn Heintzen Sarah Jackson Richard A. Drucker George J. Flynn Paul D. Golob Robert C. Helander Mark R. Jacobson Seth H. Dubin Stephen E. Flynn Nelson Ricardo Ricki Tigert Heifer Francis J. James Graham A. Duncan Ronald R. Fogleman Gonzalez Richard M. Heller Alpheus W. Jessup Miranda Kaiser S.R. Foley Jr. Andrea Pierce Rebecca K.C. Karen H. Johnson Duncan Edward T. Foote II Goodman Hersman Larry D. Johnson Kempton Dunn William Fulbright George J.W. Goodman Christian A. Herter Jr. Robert H. Johnson Lewis A. Dunn Foote Andrew J. Goodpaster Frederic P. Herter Scott S. Johnson Patrick J. Durkin Gerald R. Ford Sylvia Ann Hewlett Willene A. Johnson Lawrence S. Michelle R. Forrest Joseph T. Gorman Edward T Hightower Benjamin Felt Jones David C. Jones Eagleburger Jason William Rose E. Gottemoeller Sonja Hillgren David L. Jones Donald B. Easum Forrester Stuart Gottlieb Ruth Hinerfeld James R. Jones Ralph E. Eberhart V. Page Fortna Peter G. Gould Deane R. Hinton Kali Chantelle Jones Albert I. Edelman Brenda Lei Foster Stephen R. Grand Matthew Todd Hobart

84 Development

Geri M. Joseph Gordon Nathaniel Audrey Manley Kenneth P. Morse Carlos E. Pascual Kenneth I. Juster Lederman David E. Mark Alfred H. Moses Parag Patel Eric John Kadel Jr. Ernest S. Lee Hans M. Mark Joel W. Motley Hugh T. Patrick Bernard Kalb Orin Lehman Phebe A. Marr Lucia Mouat Stewart M. Patrick Marvin Kalb John Foster Leich Anthony D. Marshall Daniel H. Mudd Roland A. Paul Arnold Kanter Marc E. Leland F. Ray Marshall Margaret Farris Mudd Brigid Myers Pavilonis Stanley Karnow J. Stuart Lemle Katherine Marshall Virginia A. Mulberger Richard Foote Margaret P. Karns Alexander T.J. Lennon Zachary Blake Steven Muller Pedersen Jordan S. Kassalow Sarah G.J. Lennon Marshall Stuart B. Munsch Eric J. Pelofsky Abraham Katz Marcel J. Lettre II Kimberly Joy Marten Emily Moto Murase Federico F. Pena Sherman E. Katz Kenneth Joel Levit L. Camille Massey Deroy Murdock Lawrence Edward Stanley N. Katz Jonathan E. Levitsky Walter E. Massey Douglas P. Murray Penn III Daniel J. Kaufman Bernard Lewis Gerald M. Mayer Jr. Ian P. Murray Don Peretz Kira Kay Stephen R. Lewis Jr. Edward McCann Martha Twitchell Muse Edward J. Perkins Carl Kaysen LuLi John W McCarter Jr. Peter F. Najera Roswell B. Perkins Juliette N. Kayyem Cynthia C. John J. McCloyll Haleh Nazeri Robert C. Perry Farhad Kazemi Lichtenstein Robert L. McClure Merlin E. Nelson Joseph E. Persico Charlotte G. Kea James E. Lieber Elizabeth J. Richard A. Nenneman Mary Ann Peters Thomas H. Kean Kenneth G. Lieberthal McCormack Lynn Nesbit Michael P. Peters David Kellogg Robert S. Litwak Jennifer A. McFarlane Stephanie G. Neuman David H. Petraeus John H. Kelly Betty Wen Ssu Liu David E. McGiffert Richard T. Newman Richard W. Petree Frederick S. Kempe Eric P. Liu Laura A. Mcintosh David D. Newsom Stephen R. Petschek Peter B. Kenen Robert Gerald Elizabeth A. McKeon Jennifer G. Newstead Steven B. Pfeiffer Christopher J. Kennan Livingston David T. McLaughlin M. Diana Helweg Christopher H. Phillips Ann Zwicker Kerr George Cabot Lodge Darrin Michael Newton Lawrence W Pierce W. Carl Kester Clark B. Lombardi McMahon Eric S. Nonacs Andrew J. Pierre Neeraj L. Khemlani William J. Long Doyle McManus Lynne Dominick Donald L. Pilling John W. Kiermaier Bevis Longstreth Jason D. McManus Novack Michael Pillsbury Susan Robinson King Linda S. Lourie Thomas L. McNaugher Jeffrey D. Nuechterlein Walter H. Pincus Judith Kipper Thomas E. Lovejoy Brian C. McPeek Joseph S. Nye Jr. William A. Pizer Stephen D. Kiser Abraham F. Lowenthal M. Peter McPherson Phyllis E. Oakley Alan A. Piatt Karin L. Kizer James Milton Loy Bruce Paul Mehlman Robert B. Oakley Richard L. Plepler David Klein Edward C. Luck Irene W. Meister Don Oberdorfer Rutherford M. Poats Jack Wilbur Klimp William H. Luers James E. Mejia Carol O'Cleireacain Gerald A. Pollack Robert Huntington Jane Holl Lute Sarah E. Mendelson Walter F. O'Connor Daniel Bruce Knight Princeton N. Lyman Saul H. Mendlovitz William E. Odom Poneman William Allen Richard W. Lyman Claire Sechler Merkel Joseph A. O'Hare Marquita J. Knowlton Thomas F. Lynch III David A. Merkel L. Jay Oliva Pool-Eckert George Kolt James E. Lyons Harold J. Meyerman William Clinton Olson Frank Popoff Andrzej Korbonski Richard Kent Lyons Martin Meyerson John R. Opel Thomas Powers Jessica Korn Christopher Ma Judith B. Milestone Michael F. John R. Price Jr. Louis Kraar Marcus Mabry Benjamin R. Miller Oppenheimer Daniel B. Prieto III Steven Philip Kramer Charles Frederick Charles R. Miller Robert C. Orr William T. Pryce Drew J. Ladner MacCormack Debra L. Miller Susan Sherer Osnos Robert H. Puckett Vinca LaFleur Bruce Walter John A. Millington F. Taylor Ostrander Nigel Purvis Denis Lamb MacDonald Bradford Mills Stephen T. Ostrowski William B. Quandt Lansing Lamont Eileen R. Mackevich Frank J. Mirkow William A. Owens Robert W. Radtke David M. Lampton William B. Macomber George D. Moffett George C. Paine II Fernande Scheid Raine Jim Alfred Lande Robert M. Macy Jr. Walter F. Mondale Edward S. Pallesen John Raisian Lauren R. Landis Krista M. Magras William S. Moody Mark Palmer R. Sean Randolph Charles M. Lane John David Maguire John Norton Moore April Palmerlee Robin Lynn Raphel Jonathan Lash Thomas H. Julia A. Moore Farah Anwar Pandith J. Thomas Ratchford George E. Moose Richard D. Lawrence MahoneyIV Elizabeth Rindskopf Jack Raymond Antonio G. Mora Chappell H. Lawson Charles S. Maier Parker Charles E. Redman Lloyd N. Morrisett David C. Leavy Christopher J. Makins Gerald L. Parsky Charles B. Reed

85 Development

William M. Reichert Karenna Gore Schiff S. Bruce Smart Jr. Ronald Tiersky William Watts Saskia S. Reilly Anya A. Schmemann Jeffrey H. Smith Sarah Livingston Dennis Weatherstone John E. Reinhardt James L. Schoff Malcolm B. Smith Timpson Vin Weber Jehuda Reinharz Christopher Matthew W. Y. Smith Cynthia A. Tindell Ruth Wedgwood Mitchell B. Reiss Schroeder Samuel D. Smoots Amina Tirana Leroy Snyder Wehrle Elizabeth J. Remick Richard F. Schubert L. Britt Snider Terence A. Todman Steven Weinberg John B. Rhinelander G. Edward Schuh Timothy D. Snyder Monica Duffy Toft Sidney Weintraub John H. Rich Jr. JillA.Schuker Anne G.K. Solomon Alexander C. Charles Weiss Jr. David B. Richardson George D. Schwab Anthony M. Solomon Tomlinson Elizabeth Anne Weiss William B. Richardson Susan Carroll Schwab Joshua N. Solomon Stephen Joel Thomas G. Weiss A. Victoria Eric Paul Schwartz Lisa J. Solomon Trachtenberg Ivan S. Weissman Rivas-Vazquez William W. Schwarzer Richard H. Solomon Harry D. Train II Samuel F. Wells Jr. Alice M. Rivlin Stephen M. Schwebel Robert Solomon Russell E. Train Allan Wendt Walter R. Roberts James E. Sciutto Diana M.H. Song Bernard E. Trainor Mitzi Mallina David Z. Robinson Brent Scowcroft Helmut Sonnenfeldt Eugene P. Trani Wertheim Davis R. Robinson Norman P. Seagrave Richard W. Thomas J. Trebat Joanna Weschler Torrance W Robinson Robert C. Seamans Jr. Sonnenfeldt Peter D. Trooboff Jennifer Seymour Hays H. Rockwell Jonathan E. Sears Joshua B. Spero Edwin M. Truman Whitaker William D. Rogers Mark S. Seasholes Ronald I. Spiers H. Anton Tucher Robert J. White Ervin J. Rokke James B. Seaton III J. Andrew Spindler Cynthia A. Tucker Richard A. Wiley Alan D. Romberg Sheldon J. Segal Stephen Stamas J. Michael Turner Sharon P. Wilkinson Gideon Rose Chris Seiple Eugene S. Staples Richard H. Ullman Eddie Nathan Arthur H. Rosen Eugene A. Sekulow Kristen Staples Cornelius M. Ulman Williams Mitchell S. Rosenthal John W. Sewell Eric Stein Marybeth Peterson Harold M. Williams Jon J. Rosenwasser Jeffrey R. Shafer Steven E. Steiner Ulrich Paul R. Williams Carmen R. Beth Shair-Goyer Edward S. Steinfeld Sanford J. Ungar Donald M. Wilson Rosenzweig Andrew J. Shapiro Angela Evelyn Stent Maureen T Upton Philip S. Winterer Ronald W. Roskens Andrew L. Shapiro Fritz Stern Jonathan Matthew Francis X. Winters Elspeth Davies Judith R. Shapiro Jessica E. Stern Vaccaro Laura Winters Rostow Jason T. Shaplen Anne Stetson Sara Vagliano Frank G. Wisner II William M. Roth Dorothy C. Shea Evan Stewart Arturo A. Valenzuela Anne A. Witkowsky Linda D. Rottenberg Brooke L. Shearer Jeremy J. Stone Gregory E. Tamara Cofman Stanley K. Sheinbaum Edward L. Rowny Donald B. Straus van der Vink Wittes Sally Swing Shelley Seymour Jeffrey Rubin Rose Styron Ted Van Dyk R. James Woolsey Donald W. Shriver Jeswald William Mona K. Sutphen Martina E. Vandenberg Christine E. Wormuth Colette Shulman Salacuse Francis X. Sutton Robert D. Vander Lugt Kent Wosepka Marshall D. Shulman Steven B. Sample Cedric Suzman Jeffrey Paul Varanini Mona Yacoubian Karlan Sick Michael A. Samuels John Temple Swing Ian A. Vasquez Phoebe L. Yang Robert B. Silvers Marlene Sanders William H. Taft IV Richard R. Verma David B. Yoffie P.J. Simmons Stephen Thomas Phillips Talbot Alice S. Victor Alice Young Gretchen Crosby Sims Jeffrey W. Taliaferro David J. Vidal M. Crawford Young Sargeant Shanker A. Singham C. Bruce Tarter Adis M. Vila Frederick T.C. Yu Ralph Southey Saul Joseph John Sisco Gligor A. Tashkovich Milton Viorst Raul H. Yzaguirre Harold H. Saunders Jennifer Friedman Robert A. Scalapino Beverly Daniel Tatum Mary Wadsworth- Donald S. Zagoria William Taubman Nadia C. Schadlow Sklarew Darby Florence S.N. Zake Dina Simone Matthew P. Schaefer Eugene B. Skolnikoff Charls E. Walker Dov S. Zakheim Matthew Schaffer Anne-Marie Slaughter Temple-Raston Christine I. Wallich Warren Zimmermann Jerrold Schecter Matthew J. Slaughter Barbara S. Thomas Katherine T. Ward Jonathan L. Zittrain Robert M. Scher Ann Brownell Sloane John K. Tien Jr. John William Warner Marvin Zonis Frank W. Schiff Lawrence M. Small Paul E. Tierney Jr. Abbott M. Washburn Barry Zorthian

86 2003 Board Election

The Council’s By-Laws provide for a Board consisting of accordance with the By-Laws. No petition candidate was 30 Directors (plus the President, ex officio), divided into put forth. A ballot was mailed to all Council members on five classes of six Directors. Each class serves for a term of April 15. five years. In each class, three Directors are elected by the At the Annual Meeting for the Election of Directors on membership and three are appointed by the Board. May 15, 2003, 1,585 members participated in person or Directors with terms expiring on August 31, 2003, were by proxy, fulfilling the quorum required by By-Law V. Peggy Dulany, Martin S. Feldstein, Bette Bao Lord, Vin- No name was written on ten or more ballots cast at the cent A. Mai, Michael H. Moskow, and Garrick Utley. meeting, and, therefore, no one was nominated for the The Nominating and Governance Committee was com- 2004 election by the write-in procedure outlined in the posed of Carla A. Hills (Chair), Richard C. Holbrooke (Vice By-Laws. The following nominees were elected for five- Chair), Henry S. Bienen, Daniel William Christman, year terms beginning September 1, 2003, and expiring Robert E. Denham, Kenneth M. Duberstein, Robert August 31, 2008: Martin S. Feldstein, Karen Elliott Legvold, Winston Lord, Susan E. Rice, James Baker Sitrick, House, and Anne-Marie Slaughter. Bart Friedman, Don- Gordon C. Stewart, Anne Wexler, Andrew Young, and ald S. Rice, and Barbara Paul Robinson served as election Nancy Young. On January 10, 2003, Carla A. Hills invited overseers. the Council membership to propose possible candidates. Under current procedures, the Board completed the The Nominating and Governance Committee met on Class of 2008 by appointing three Directors. Acting on the March 14 to consider the pool of names suggested by recommendation of the Nominating and Governance Council members for the three elective vacancies. Mindful Committee, at its June 5 meeting the Board appointed of its mandate to consider “the need for diversity with three Council members to serve five-year terms begin- regard to age, sex, race, geographical representation, and ning September 1, 2003, and ending August 31, 2008: professional background,” the Nominating and Gover- Helene D. Gayle, Michael H. Moskow, and Richard E. nance Committee developed the following slate of nomi- Salomon. Additionally, the Board confirmed the appoint- nees: David Dreier, Martin S. Feldstein, Richard N. Foster, ment of Peter G. Peterson to the Class of 2007.1 Karen Elliott House, Alberto Ibargüen, and Anne-Marie Slaughter. On March 20, Council members were notified of Lilita V. Gusts the slate and of the petition process available to them in Secretary

1 To ensure an orderly transition in Council leadership, the Board of Directors at its October 2000 meeting approved changes in the By-Laws that enable Mr. Peterson to continue as Chairman and Director, on a year-to-year basis.

87 Committees of the Board, 2002–2003

Executive E. John Rosenwald Jr. Arthur M. Rubin† Daniel Bell Malcolm H. Wiener Peter G. Peterson, Seymour Sternberg Richard E. Salomon‡ Frances FitzGerald James D. Zirin Chair Alan J. Stoga George Soros Wolf Lepenies Carla A. Hills, Enzo Viscusi Kenneth I. Starr‡ Esther R. Newberg Membership Vice Chair John H. Watts Robert G. Wilmers‡ Ron Silver Lee Cullum, Lee Cullum Frank G. Wisner Don M. Wilson III‡ Robert B. Silvers Chair Kenneth M. Duberstein I. Peter Wolff Robert L. Zangrillo Carl Spielvogel Joan E. Spero, Martin S. Feldstein Ronald Steel Vice Chair Vincent A. Mai Development Foreign Affairs Fritz Stern Peter D. Bell William J. McDonough Vincent A. Mai, Martin S. Feldstein, Stephen Claar Swid Stephanie K. Bell-Rose Michael H. Moskow Chair Chair Garrick Utley Judith H. Bello Warren B. Rudman Henry S. Bienen Henry A. Grunwald, Masakuza Yamazaki Thomas J. Campbell Laura D’Andrea Tyson Ronald L. Olson Vice Chair Sergio J. Galvis Garrick Utley George Soros Fouad Ajami Meetings James M. Goldgeier Vin Weber Warren Bass† Garrick Utley, Merit E. Janow Corporate Affairs John Lewis Gaddis Chair Richard Mallery Kenneth M. Duberstein, Finance Louis V. Gerstner Jr. Carole Artigiani Michael H. Moskow Chair and Budget David Greenberg† Barbara Crossette Stephen A. Orlins Richard N. Foster, William J. McDonough, Rita E. Hauser Peggy Dulany Orville Schell Vice Chair Chair Malcolm I. Hoenlein Thomas Schick Joyce Chang† Jessica P. Einhorn, Richard C. Holbrooke James F. Hoge Jr.* Anne-Marie Slaughter Saj Cherian† Vice Chair‡ Karen Elliott House Robert D. Hormats Garrick Utley Samuel A. DiPiazza Roger C. Altman‡ John J. Mearsheimer Morton L. Janklow Vin Weber Michael Dolan Peggy Dulany Rodney W. Nichols Melanie M. Raul H. Yzaguirre Bart Friedman Gail D. Fosler Louis Perlmutter Kirkpatrick Joseph M. Ha Joachim Gfoeller Jr. Elisabeth N. Sifton Bette Bao Lord Term Membership Ruth R. Harkin Richard K. Goeltz Theodore C. Sorensen Marcus Mabry† Anne-Marie Slaughter, Morton L. Janklow Michael D. Granoff Joshua L. Steiner Raffiq A. Nathoo Chair James R. Jones J. Tomilson Hill‡ Anita Volz Wien Peter L.W. Osnos Deborah K. Burand Virginia Ann Kamsky Henry Kaufman‡ Philip D. Zelikow Ponchitta Pierce Juju Chang† Sherman R. Lewis Jr. Carl B. Menges‡ Richard L. Plepler Robert J. Chaves Ira A. Lipman George J. Mitchell Correspondence Douglas E. Schoen Thomas J. Christensen Ken Miller Joel W. Motley Martin S. Feldstein, Ron Silver C. Shelby Coffey III Alan Joel Patricof Karen Parker Feld Chair Maurice Sonnenberg Joy E. Drucker Thomas R. Pickering David Perez† Fouad Ajami Amina Tirana† Todd C. Hart

*Ex officio. †Designated Term Member. ‡Serves also on the Investment Subcommittee.

88 Committees of the Board, 2002–2003

Lukas Harrison Bette Bao Lord Susan E. Rice Melvin L. Heineman Elizabeth L. Cheney† Haynes† Judith B. Milestone James Baker Sitrick James F. Hoge Jr.* Edwin A. Deagle Jr. Rebecca K.C. Hersman† Ambler H. Moss Jr. Gordon C. Stewart John P. Lipsky Thomas R. Donahue Kimberly Joy Marten Ronald L. Olson Anne Wexler Abraham F. Lowenthal Kenneth M. Duberstein H. K. Park† William A. Owens Andrew Young Haleh Nazeri† Marsha A. Echols Nancy E. Soderberg Judith K. Paulus Nancy Young Michael P. Peters* Jessica P. Einhorn Elliot Stein Henry H. Perritt Jr. Steven L. Rattner Douglas J. Feith George H. Young III John C. Reppert Studies Robert E. Rubin Lauri J. Fitz-Pegado David K.Y. Tang Laura D’Andrea Tyson, Scott D. Sagan Charles Gati National Programs Peter Tarnoff Chair Gordon C. Stewart Carl Samuel Gershman Michael H. Moskow, Andrew Young Martin S. Feldstein, Peter Tarnoff Michael H. Haltzel Chair Vice Chair Marc A. Thiessen Robert W. Helm Robert J. Abernethy Nominating Richard V. Allen Richard H. Ullman Carla A. Hills Andy S. Bodea and Governance Jesse H. Ausubel Marta B. Varela James V. Kimsey Hodding Carter III Laurence Merrill Band Ernest James Wilson III Mark P. Lagon Carla A. Hills, Stephen A. Cheney Chair Hans Binnendijk Frank G. Wisner Dave K. McCurdy Lee Cullum Richard C. Holbrooke, Avis T. Bohlen Daniel H. Yergin Alberto J. Mora Edward P. Djerejian Vice Chair W. Bowman Cutter Mark Palmer April Kanne Donnellan† Henry S. Bienen David B.H. Denoon Washington Thomas R. Pickering Mimi L. Haas Daniel William Padma Desai Programs Peter R. Rosenblatt Mont P. Hoyt Christman John Deutch Warren B. Rudman, Tara Diane Sonenshine Lyric M. Hughes Robert E. Denham Kenneth M. Duberstein Chair Terence A. Todman Wyatt Thomas Johnson Kenneth M. Duberstein Michael B.G. Froman Thomas E. Donilon, Michael H. Van Dusen Peter Bicknell Kellner† Robert Legvold Francis Fukuyama Vice Chair W. Bruce Weinrod Peter Kezirian† Winston Lord John Lewis Gaddis Pauline H. Baker R. James Woolsey

Chairman’s Advisory Council

The Chairman’s Advisory Council was established to assist the Board in overseeing a number of key program areas. It is cur- rently focusing on the Council’s Term Member Program, Outreach Program, and Independent Task Forces. The group, which met for the first time on November 6, 2002, is chaired by Council Chairman Peter G. Peterson, with Thomas E. Donilon, Richard N. Foster, and David K.Y. Tang as vice chairs, and is composed of the following Council members from around the country:

Peter G. Peterson, Peter Ackerman Robert L. Gallucci Eason T. Jordan Scott D. Sagan Chairman Charlene Barshefsky Sergio J. Galvis Virginia A. Kamsky David E. Sanger Thomas E. Donilon, Alan R. Batkin Timothy F. Geithner Arnold Kanter Thomas Schick Vice Chairman Stephanie K. Bell-Rose Joachim Gfoeller Jr. William A. Owens Douglas E. Schoen Richard N. Foster, Vice Chairman Jewelle Bickford Mimi L. Haas Richard L. Plepler Barbara Shailor David K.Y. Tang, Denis A. Bovin J. Tomilson Hill Thomas J. Pritzker Carl Ware Vice Chairman Robert E. Denham Alberto Ibargüen Steven L. Rattner Alice Young Robert John Abernethy Michael B.G. Froman Merit E. Janow Susan E. Rice Fareed Zakaria

89 International Advisory Board

The International Advisory Board (IAB), established by the Kyung-Won Kim (Republic of Korea), President, Institute of Board of Directors in 1995 under the chairmanship of David Social Sciences and Seoul Forum for International Affairs; for- Rockefeller, Honorary Chairman of the Council, meets annually mer Ambassador of South Korea to the United States in conjunction with the fall Board meeting to offer perspectives Babagana Kingibe (Nigeria), Special envoy for the , Orga- on a broad range of matters of concern to the Council. IAB mem- nization of African Unity; former Foreign Minister of Nigeria bers are invited to comment on institutional programs and Yotaro Kobayashi (Japan), Chairman and Chief Executive Offi- strategic directions, and on practical opportunities for collabo- cer, Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. ration between the Council and institutions abroad. They also Rahmi M. Koç (Turkey), Honorary Chairman, Koç Holdings A.S. provide invaluable international insights into U.S. foreign pol- Otto Lambsdorff (Germany), Partner, Taylor Wessing; former icy in discussions on a variety of issues—from the need for new Federal Minister of Economics of Germany strategies and institutions for the 21st century, to the value of Luiz Felipe Lampreia (Brazil), Chairman of the Board of Trustees, multilateral approaches to world problems, to ways to foster Centro Brasileiro de Relações Internacionais; former Minister democratization. of Foreign Affairs of Brazil The IAB includes the following distinguished individuals: Juan March (), Chairman, Juan March Foundation and Juan March Institute for Advanced Studies in Social Sciences Mariclaire Acosta (Mexico), Special Ambassador for Human Rights María Rosa Martini (Argentina), Co-founder and President, and Democracy, Mexico Social Sector Forum; Vice President of the Board, CIVITAS Khalid A. Alturki (Saudi Arabia), Chairman, Trading and Devel- Adam Michnik (), Editor in Chief, Gazeta Wyborcza opment Company (TRADCO) Brian Mulroney (Canada), Senior Partner, Ogilvy Renault; for- Moshe Arens (Israel), Member, ; former Ambassador of mer Prime Minister of Canada Israel to the United States Sari Nusseibeh (Palestinian Authority), President, Al-Quds Uni- Franco Bernabè (), President, Franco Bernabè Group; former versity Chief Executive Officer, ENI SpA Sadako Ogata (Japan), Scholar in Residence, Ford Foundation; Carl Bildt (), Senior Adviser, IT Provider Adviser 1 AB; former United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees former Prime Minister of Sweden Surin Pitsuwan (Thailand), Member of Parliament, Thailand Ahmed E. Bishara (), Secretary General, National Demo- Moeen A. Qureshi (Pakistan), Chairman, Emerging Markets cratic Movement; Professor, Kuwait University Partnership; former Prime Minister of Pakistan Conrad M. Black (United Kingdom), Chairman and Chief Exec- Michel Rocard (France), President, Commission of Develop- utive Officer, Argus Corporation Ltd.; Chairman, Hollinger ment, European Parliament; former Prime Minister of France Inc. and The Telegraph plc Prannoy Roy (India), President, New Delhi Television, Ltd. John Browne (United Kingdom), Group Chief Executive, BP plc Khehla Shubane (South Africa), Director, Centre for Policy Stud- Mark C. Chona (Zambia), Chairman and CEO, Sumika Consul- ies, University of Witwatersrand; Director, Simeka Financial tancy and Management Services Ltd.; former Political Adviser Services to the President of Zambia Washington SyCip (), Chairman and Founder, The Gustavo A. Cisneros (Venezuela), Chairman and Chief Executive SGV Group; Chairman, Asian Institute of Management Officer, Cisneros Group of Companies Horst Teltschik (Germany), Chairman, Herbert Quandt Founda- Abdel Raouf El Reedy (Egypt), Chairman, Mubarak Public tion (BMW); former National Security Adviser of Germany Library; former Ambassador of Egypt to the United States Jacob Wallenberg (Sweden), Chairman, SEB Group Niall W.A. FitzGerald (Ireland), Chairman and CEO, Jusuf Wanandi (Indonesia), Member of the Board of Directors, Alejandro Foxley (Chile), Member, Senate of Chile; former Min- Centre for Strategic and International Studies (Jakarta) ister of Finance of Chile Shirley V.T. Brittain Williams (United Kingdom), Member, Jacob A. Frenkel (Israel), President, Merrill Lynch International; House of Lords; Public Service Professor of Electoral Politics, former Governor, Bank of Israel Harvard University Toyoo Gyohten (Japan), President, Institute for International Mon- (Bangladesh), Founder, Managing Director, etary Affairs; Senior Adviser, Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi, Ltd. and Chief Executive Officer, Grameen Bank Sergei A. Karaganov (Russia), Chairman of the Board, Council Ernesto Zedillo Ponce de León (Mexico), Director, Center for the on Foreign and Defense Policy; Deputy Director, Institute of Study of Globalization, Yale University; former President of Europe, Russian Academy of Sciences Mexico

90 Council By-Laws

I. All members of the Council shall be elected by the Council. A member’s privileges may be suspended for a Board of Directors. All members elected to the Council, period of up to six months by action of the President sub- other than those whose term of membership is limited by ject to approval by the Chairman of the Board. the conditions of their election, remain members until death, resignation, or action under the last paragraph of II. It is an express condition of membership in the this By-Law. Council, to which condition every member accedes by The Board of Directors may elect honorary members virtue of his or her membership, that members will with such membership rights, excluding the right to vote observe such rules and regulations as may be prescribed in Council affairs, as the Board may designate. from time to time by the Board of Directors concerning the In any fiscal year, the Board may elect up to 110 per- conduct of Council meetings or the attribution of state- sons to five-year term membership. The terms and condi- ments made therein, and that any disclosure, publication, tions of such membership shall be as prescribed by the or other action by a member in contravention thereof may Board, provided that those elected to such membership be regarded by the Board of Directors in its sole discretion are between the ages of 28 and 34 years on January 1 of as ground for termination or suspension of membership the year in which their election would take place, and that pursuant to Article I of the By-Laws. of the total number of persons elected each year no more than 35 shall be age 30 or under, and that so long as their III. Members other than honorary members of the term continues such members will have the full rights Council shall pay the following dues per annum: and privileges of Council membership. Business Nonbusiness The Board of Directors may establish such other spe- New York Area cial categories of membership having such rights and Under 30 $ 660 $180 privileges, and subject to such conditions, as the Board 30–39 1,340 320 may designate. 40 and Over 2,600 580 ANew York Area member is one whose residence or principal place of business is within 50 miles of City Hall Washington, D.C., Area in the Borough of Manhattan, City of New York. A Wash- Under 30 $ 450 $150 ington, D.C., Area member is one whose residence or 30–39 900 260 principal place of business is within 50 miles of the Capi- 40 and Over 1,750 450 tol in the District of Columbia. All other members are National National. All members other than honorary members Under 30 $ 360 $110 shall be citizens of the United States or permanent resi- 30–39 650 180 dents of the United States who have made application to 40 and Over 1,300 300 become citizens. Amember may be dropped or suspended from mem- For purposes of this By-Law, nonbusiness members bership for a period of six months or more only by a are those who are regular members of the faculty of any unanimous vote of those Directors attending a meeting accredited educational institution, who are in the public of the Board at which a quorum is present and voting, for service, who are on the staff of a voluntary organization, any violation of the By-Laws or rules or regulations of or who are accredited writers, commentators, journalists, the Board of Directors, or for any conduct even though or other media correspondents. All other members, not in actual violation of a By-Law or rule that, in the except honorary members, are business members. opinion of the Board, is nevertheless prejudicial to the All dues shall be paid annually or semiannually in best interests, reputation, and proper functioning of the equal installments in advance. Default in the payment of

91 Council By-Laws any dues for a period of 60 days may be deemed to be fiscal year, as determined by the Chairman of the Board. equivalent to resignation. At this meeting the Board of Directors shall present a report of the activities of the Council during the past year, IV. A. There shall be a Board of not more than 31 Direc- and such other business shall be considered as shall be tors. The President of the corporation shall be a Director, brought forward by or with the sanction of the Board of ex officio, unless otherwise provided by resolution of the Directors and that shall have been stated in the notice Board of Directors and agreed to by the President. The convening the meeting. remaining members of the Board of Directors shall be One-third of the voting members of the Council shall divided into five equal classes, each class to serve for a constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. Mem- term of five years and until their successors are elected bers may be represented by proxy. and take office. Each class shall consist of three Directors B. The Annual Election of Directors of the Council shall elected directly by the membership at large and three be held at a meeting in New York City on a date set by the Directors appointed by the Board. Following each Annual President or the Chairman of the Board within 13 months Election but prior to the commencement of the term of the of the preceding meeting at which Directors were elected. new Directors, the Board shall appoint three Directors to Directors shall be elected by ballot. Ballots will be mailed serve in the same class as the three Directors elected at the to all members in advance of the Annual Election and may Annual Election. Any Chairman or Vice Chairman of the be returned by mail or may be delivered in person or by Board elected on an interim basis pursuant to Article VII proxy. The ballot shall contain (i) the name of each mem- who is not a Director at the time of his or her election shall ber who is nominated by the Nominating and Governance during the period of such interim service be a Director Committee as a candidate for the class of Directors sched- and, at the time of his or her election, shall be designated uled for election in that year, (ii) the name of any member by the Board of Directors to occupy either (i) the position appointed to a vacancy in the Board and nominated by the on the Board that would otherwise be occupied by the Nominating and Governance Committee as the sole can- President, if the President is not then serving as a Direc- didate to complete the balance of the unexpired term, (iii) tor, ex officio, or (ii) any vacancy among the three Direc- the name of any member who is nominated in each class tors in each class subject to appointment by the Board. by a petition signed by not fewer than ten members, and B. At each Annual Election of the Council, three Direc- (iv) the name of any member who received not fewer than tors shall be elected to replace the outgoing class of ten write-in votes in the preceding election. Members may elected Directors. Terms of all Directors, both elected and cast one vote for each of as many candidates as there are appointed, shall commence on the first day of September vacancies to be filled on the Board, and the candidates next following their election or appointment. A Director, with the highest number of votes in each class will be whether elected or appointed, who has served three years declared elected as Directors. One-third of the voting or more of a five-year term shall be eligible subsequently members of the Council shall constitute a quorum at the for election or appointment to a single consecutive term. Annual Election Meeting. Administrative details neces- C. Directors are expected faithfully to attend Board sary to implement the Council’s nomination and election and Board Committee meetings to which they are procedures shall be as prescribed by the President in con- assigned. A Director who fails to attend two-thirds of all sultation with the Chairman of the Board. such regularly scheduled Board and Board Committee meetings in any two consecutive calendar years shall be VI. The Board shall constitute such Committees as deemed to have submitted his or her resignation to be may from time to time be appropriate, including an accepted at the pleasure of the Chairman of the Board. Executive Committee, a Committee on Finance and Bud- The Board shall have the power to fill any vacancy in its get, a Committee on Corporate Affairs, a Committee on membership. A Director appointed to fill a vacancy cre- Development, a Committee on Meetings, a Committee ated by the retirement, resignation, or death of a Director on Washington Programs, a Committee on National Pro- previously elected by the membership at large shall be grams, a Committee on Membership, a Nominating and nominated by the Nominating and Governance Commit- Governance Committee, a Committee on Foreign Affairs, tee as the sole candidate in the next Annual Election to and a Committee on Studies. Elections of Board mem- complete the balance of the unexpired term. bers to Committees shall be held at Annual Meetings of the Board, except that, on the nomination of the Chair- V. A. The Annual Meeting of Members shall be held in man of the Board, a Director may be elected at any meet- New York City as soon as practicable after the end of the ing of the Board to fill a Committee vacancy.

92 Council By-Laws

The Executive Committee shall be composed of the The Committee on National Programs shall be com- Chairman and Vice Chairmen of the Board, the Chairmen posed of no fewer than three members of the Board and of the standing committees of the Board, and such other such other members of the Board as the Committee Chair- members of the Board as the Executive Committee Chair- man deems appropriate. The Committee shall have the man deems appropriate. During intervals between meet- power to co-opt no fewer than ten additional members ings of the Board, the Committee may exercise the who shall not be members of the Board. The Committee powers of the Board to the extent permitted by law. shall have the responsibility for overseeing programs, The Committee on Finance and Budget shall be com- activities, services, and other initiatives to enhance partic- posed of no fewer than three members of the Board and ipation in the Council by members in regions other than such other members of the Board as the Committee New York City and Washington, D.C. Chairman deems appropriate. The Committee shall have The Committee on Membership shall be composed of the power to co-opt no fewer than ten additional mem- no fewer than three members of the Board and such other bers who shall not be members of the Board. The Com- members of the Board as the Committee Chairman deems mittee shall have general supervision of the investment of appropriate. The Committee shall co-opt two members the funds of the Council and of its financial affairs, and who shall not be members of the Board and who shall be shall present the budget at the Spring meeting of the under the age of 40 when co-opted, and shall have power Board. to co-opt no fewer than eight additional members of any The Committee on Development shall be composed of age who are not members of the Board. All names pro- no fewer than three members of the Board and such other posed for membership in the Council shall be referred to members of the Board as the Committee Chairman deems the Committee for its consideration, and the Committee appropriate. The Committee shall have the power to co- shall submit to the Board its nominations for election to opt no fewer than ten additional members who shall not membership. be members of the Board. The Committee shall help to The Nominating and Governance Committee shall be plan, implement, and oversee the Council’s financial composed of no fewer than three members of the Board. development programs. The Committee shall present names for Directors, Offi- The Committee on Corporate Affairs shall be com- cers, and Committee members. For the purpose of nomi- posed of no fewer than three members of the Board and nating candidates to stand for election to the Board, the such other members of the Board as the Committee Committee shall co-opt ten additional members who Chairman deems appropriate. The Committee shall have shall not be members of the Board. The Chairman of the the power to co-opt no fewer than ten additional mem- Nominating and Governance Committee shall be selected bers who shall not be members of the Board. The Com- by the Chairman of the Board from among the Board mittee shall help to plan, implement, and oversee the members on the Committee. Neither the Chairman of the Corporate Program. Board nor the President shall be an ex officio member of The Committee on Meetings shall be composed of no the Nominating and Governance Committee. Both in co- fewer than three members of the Board and such other opting members to its own body and in nominating can- members of the Board as the Committee Chairman deems didates for each year’s Board election, the Nominating appropriate. The Committee shall have the power to co- and Governance Committee is charged to keep in mind opt no fewer than ten additional members who shall not the need for diversity with regard to age, sex, race, geo- be members of the Board. The Committee shall have graphical representation, and professional background. responsibility for overseeing the Council’s program of In nominating candidates for each year’s Board election, general meetings and institutional outreach activities the Committee is also charged (i) to solicit the entire involving electronic and other broadcast media. membership for the names of possible candidates and (ii) The Committee on Washington Programs shall be except as provided in By-Law IV(C) to nominate twice as composed of no fewer than three members of the Board many candidates as there are directorships to be filled at and such other members of the Board as the Committee the election by the membership at large. Chairman deems appropriate. The Committee shall have The Committee on Foreign Affairs shall be composed the power to co-opt no fewer than ten additional mem- of no fewer than three members of the Board and such bers who shall not be members of the Board. The Com- other members of the Board as the Committee Chairman mittee shall have responsibility for overseeing programs, deems appropriate. The Committee shall have the power activities, services, and other initiatives to enhance partic- to co-opt no fewer than ten additional members who ipation in the Council by members in Washington, D.C. shall not be members of the Board. All matters relating to

93 Council By-Laws the oversight and management of the magazine shall be The President, subject to the overall direction of the referred to the Committee. Board of Directors, shall be the Chief Executive Officer of The Committee on Studies shall be composed of no the corporation. fewer than three members of the Board and such other The Vice Presidents in order of seniority shall dis- members of the Board as the Committee Chairman deems charge the duties of the President in his or her absence, appropriate. The Committee shall have the power to co- and shall perform such other duties as from time to time opt no fewer than ten additional members who shall not shall be assigned them by the Board of Directors. be members of the Board. All suggestions relating to mat- The Treasurer shall have custody of the funds of the ters of research shall be referred to it, and it shall be corporation. responsible for the initiation of research projects. The The Secretary shall conduct the correspondence of the Committee on Studies shall submit regular reports of its corporation, and shall keep its records. activities to the Board. Except as otherwise provided above, a co-opted Com- VIII. The Board shall appoint the Editor of Foreign mittee member shall serve for such term as the Commit- Affairs and the Director of Studies, if any, and shall annu- tee co-opting him or her shall determine, and during such ally fix their compensation. term shall have the same rights and obligations as other Committee members. One-third of the Directors and co- IX. The funds of the corporation shall be invested by the opted members, duly elected or appointed, shall consti- Committee on Finance and Budget or shall be deposited tute a quorum at any meeting of any Committee. with trust companies or banking institutions designated Participation by conference telephone, or similar commu- by either the Board of Directors or the Committee on nication equipment allowing all persons participating in Finance and Budget. Disbursements shall be made only the meeting to hear one another at the same time, shall upon checks or vouchers approved by any one of the fol- constitute presence in person at a meeting. lowing for amounts up to $5,000 and by any two of the fol- lowing for amounts of $5,000 and over: the President, any VII. The Officers of the corporation shall be a Chair- Vice President, the Treasurer, the Secretary, the Director of man of the Board, one or more Vice Chairmen, a Presi- Finance, the Editor of Foreign Affairs, and such other dent, one or more Vice Presidents, a Secretary, a employees of the corporation as may from time to time be Treasurer, and such other Officers as in the Board’s judg- designated by the Committee on Finance and Budget. ment may be required. The Board shall annually fix their compensation. The Chairman of the Board shall be X. The Annual Meeting of the Board shall be held as elected for a term of five years and shall be eligible for soon as practicable after the first day of September, as reelection to a second term. The Chairman shall be eligi- determined by the Chairman of the Board. One-third of ble to complete any such term without regard to By-Law the Directors in office shall constitute a quorum at any limitations on the number or tenure of Directors. Pend- meeting of the Board. ing election of a Chairman to a five-year term and subject to the By-Law limitation on the number of Directors, for XI. These By-Laws may be amended at any meeting of purposes of assuring an orderly transition in gover- the Board of Directors, provided notice of the proposed nance, the Board may elect a Chairman and/or Vice amendment shall have been given at a previous meeting Chairman to serve, on an interim basis, for one or more or circulated in writing to the members of the Board not terms of up to 12 months each. The Chairman and any fewer than five days in advance. Vice Chairman shall be eligible for election to any such term, on an interim basis, without regard to By-Law lim- XII. Any person made, or threatened to be made, a itations on the tenure of Directors or Officers. The other party to any action or proceeding, whether civil or crimi- Officers of the corporation shall be elected annually by nal, by reason of the fact that he or she, his or her testator the Board of Directors. or intestate, is or was a Director or Officer of the Council, The Chairman of the Board, or in his or her absence, a shall be indemnified by the Council, and his or her Vice Chairman designated by the Chairman, may call expenses incurred in defending such an action or pro- meetings of the Board and shall preside at all meetings of ceeding shall be advanced by the Council, to the full the Board of Directors. extent authorized or permitted by law.

94 Rules, Guidelines, and Practices

The following items describe important rules, guide- tors may, from time to time, prescribe rules governing the lines, and practices of the Council on Foreign Relations, subsequent release of any Council records. with which members and staff should familiarize them- “While the substance of the above Rule has been in selves. effect since the formation of the Council, its present for- mulation was adopted by the Board of Directors on June Rule on Foreign Policy Positions 6, 1977, on the recommendation of a special Advisory The following has been the policy of the Council since its Panel on the Non-Attribution Rule, and subsequently origin, reconfirmed by resolution of the Board of Direc- amended on June 7, 1994. The minutes of the June 1977 tors on September 11, 1973: meeting contain the following explanatory comments “The Council shall not take any position on questions about the Rule: of foreign policy, and no person is authorized to speak, or “The report recognizes that ‘media’ and ‘public forum’ purport to speak, for the Council on such matters.” are vague terms. But they can nevertheless be rationally interpreted in the light of the purpose of the Rule. For Rule on Non-Attribution example, the reformulation would make it legitimate for “The Council is a research and educational institution. a U.S. governmental official to report by memo to his col- Everyone who participates in a Council meeting is leagues and superiors what he learned at a Council meet- encouraged to use and disseminate ideas and informa- ing. Similarly, the reformulation recognizes that a lawyer tion developed in the meeting. It is recognized, at the may give such a memo to his partners, or a corporate offi- same time, that many Council guests and members are, cer to other corporate officers. It would not be in compli- by reason of their governmental or other institutional ance with the reformulated Rule, however, for any affiliations, subject to inevitable constraints upon their meeting participant (i) to publish a speaker’s statement in latitude to express opinions, take positions, or offer tenta- attributed form in a newspaper; (ii) to repeat it on televi- tive judgments on public affairs issues if they are speak- sion or radio, or on a speaker’s platform, or in a class- ing in a public forum or if their statements will be later room; or (iii) to go beyond a memo of limited circulation, attributed to them in public media or a public forum. by distributing the attributed statement in a company or “Full freedom of expression is encouraged at Council government agency newsletter. The language of the Rule meetings. Participants are assured that they may speak also goes out of its way to make it clear that a meeting openly, as it is the tradition of the Council that others will participant is forbidden knowingly to transmit the attrib- not attribute or characterize their statements in public uted statement to a newspaper reporter or other such per- media or forums or knowingly transmit them to persons son who is likely to publish it in a public medium. The who will. All participants are expected to honor that com- essence of the Rule as reformulated is simple enough: mitment. participants in Council meetings should not pass along “An appropriate officer of the Council may, however, an attributed statement in circumstances where there is by advance announcement declare this Rule inapplicable substantial risk that it will promptly be widely circulated in whole or in part to any particular Council meeting, and or published.” the presentation portion of the meeting may be recorded and broadcast on electronic media and/or covered in the Guidelines on Meetings print media with the agreement of the speaker and By resolution adopted on February 28, 1972, as subse- advance announcement to other participants. quently amended, the Board of Directors has prescribed “Notwithstanding the above Rule, the Board of Direc- the following Guidelines governing Council meetings:

95 Rules, Guidelines, and Practices

“The purpose of meetings sponsored by the Council Rule on Conflicts of Interest on Foreign Relations is to promote understanding of By resolution of the Council’s Board of Directors, adopted international affairs through the free interchange of ideas January 28, 1992, the following policy concerning actual among participants. or potential conflicts of interest was approved: “In order to encourage to the fullest a free, frank, and open exchange of ideas in Council meetings, the Board of “1. It is the policy of the Council on Foreign Relations Directors has prescribed, in addition to the Non-Attribu- that the Board, officers, and staff of the Council be sensi- tion Rule, the following guidelines. All participants in tive to conflict-of-interest issues. Council meetings are expected to be familiar with and “2. Any potential conflict of interest shall be disclosed adhere to these Guidelines. to an Officer of the Board by the person concerned. When “1. Since the Council invites guests representing many relevant to a matter requiring action by the Board, the different viewpoints, since it selects topics regardless of, person concerned shall absent him- or herself from the or because of, their controversiality, and since there is a final discussion of such matter, and shall not vote thereon, wide divergence of viewpoints among members, it is to and the minutes of the meeting shall so disclose. When be expected that Council meetings will sometimes be there is doubt as to whether a conflict of interest exists, marked by sharp dispute. the matter shall be resolved by vote of the Board, exclud- ing the person concerning whose situation the doubt has “2. Meetings chairmen are expected to stimulate open arisen. expression of opinion by all participants and should not attempt to mute controversy or stifle differences of view- “3. This resolution shall remain in full force and effect point where they exist. To this end it is the responsibility unless and until modified by vote of the Board, and a of chairmen to see to it that all viewpoints expressed are copy hereof shall be furnished to each officer or director treated with respect and that parliamentary decorum is at the time of his or her election or appointment to or by maintained. the Board and any renewal thereof, and to each person who is now or hereafter may become a member of the “3. Principal speakers should expect to be questioned staff. The policy shall in an appropriate manner be vigorously on any point relevant to their intellectual reviewed annually for the information and guidance of interest, experience, or expertise in international affairs. It directors, officers, and staff.” is recognized, however, that some speakers, particularly those holding official positions, may not feel free to answer some questions, and, in such case, their declina- Archival Practice tion will be respected.” By resolution of the Council’s Board of Directors, adopted Apart from the traditional meetings for spouses and June 3, 1999, all substantive records of the Council more for sons and daughters of the members, occasional than 25 years old are open for reference use during library meetings are also open to guests of members. Guest hours at the Seeley G. Mudd Manuscript Library at privileges are for those who have special expertise or Princeton University, subject to the following proviso: experience that relates directly to the meeting, as well as “As a condition of use, the officers of the Council shall the general qualifications of potential candidates for require each user of Council records to execute a prior Council membership. Members bringing guests should written commitment that he or she will not directly or secure the permission of the Council department organ- indirectly attribute to any living person any assertion of izing the meeting and acquaint their guests with the fact or opinion based upon any Council record without Council’s Non-Attribution Rule governing what is said first obtaining from such person his or her written con- at meetings. sent thereto.”

96 Historical Roster of Directors and Officers

Directors W. Averell Harriman 1950–55 Nicholas deB. Katzenbach 1975–86 1921–50 Joseph E. Johnson 1950–74 Paul A. Volcker 1975–79, Archibald Cary Coolidge 1921–28 Grayson Kirk 1950–73 1988–99 Paul D. Cravath 1921–40 Devereux C. Josephs 1951–58 Theodore M. Hesburgh 1976–85 John W. Davis 1921–55 Elliott V. Bell 1953–66 Lane Kirkland 1976–86 Norman H. Davis 1921–44 John J. McCloy 1953–72 George H.W. Bush 1977–79 Stephen P. Duggan 1921–50 Arthur H. Dean 1955–72 Lloyd N. Cutler 1977–79 John H. Finley 1921–29 Charles M. Spofford 1955–72 Philip L. Geyelin 1977–87 Edwin F. Gay 1921–45 Adlai E. Stevenson 1958–62 Henry A. Kissinger 1977–81 David F. Houston 1921–27 William C. Foster 1959–72 Winston Lord 1977–85 Otto H. Kahn 1921–34 Caryl P. Haskins 1961–75 Stephen Stamas 1977–89 Frank L. Polk 1921–43 James A. Perkins 1963–79 Marina v.N. Whitman 1977–87 Whitney H. Shepardson 1921–66 William P. Bundy 1964–74 C. Peter McColough 1978–87 William R. Shepherd 1921–27 Gabriel Hauge 1964–81 Richard L. Gelb 1979–88 Paul M. Warburg 1921–32 Carroll L. Wilson 1964–79 Graham T. Allison Jr. 1979–88 George W. Wickersham 1921–36 Douglas Dillon 1965–78 William D. Ruckelshaus 1979–83 Allen W. Dulles 1927–69 Henry R. Labouisse 1965–74 James F. Hoge Jr. 1980–84 Russell C. Leffingwell 1927–60 Robert V. Roosa 1966–81 George P. Shultz 1980–82 George O. May 1927–53 Lucian W. Pye 1966–82 William D. Rogers 1980–90 Wesley C. Mitchell 1927–34 Alfred C. Neal 1967–76 Walter B. Wriston 1981–87 Owen D. Young 1927–40 Bill Moyers 1967–74 Lewis T. Preston 1981–88 Hamilton Fish Armstrong 1928–72 Cyrus R. Vance 1968–76, Warren Christopher 1982–91 Charles P. Howland 1929–31 1981–87 Alan Greenspan 1982–88 1932–37 Hedley Donovan 1969–79 Robert A. Scalapino 1982–89 Clarence M. Woolley 1932–35 Najeeb E. Halaby 1970–72 Harold Brown 1983–92 Frank Altschul 1934–72 Bayless Manning 1971–77 Stanley Hoffmann 1983–92 Philip C. Jessup 1934–42 W. Michael Blumenthal 1972–77, Juanita M. Kreps 1983–89 Harold W. Dodds 1935–43 1979–84 Brent Scowcroft 1983–89 Leon Fraser 1936–45 Zbigniew Brzezinski 1972–77 Clifton R. Wharton Jr. 1983–92 John H. Williams 1937–64 Elizabeth Drew 1972–77 Donald F. McHenry 1984–93 Lewis W. Douglas 1940–64 George S. Franklin 1972–83 B.R. Inman 1985–93 Edward Warner 1940–49 Marshall D. Shulman 1972–77 Jeane J. Kirkpatrick 1985–94 Clarence E. Hunter 1942–53 Martha Redfield Wallace 1972–82 Peter Tarnoff 1986–93 Myron C. Taylor 1943–59 Paul C. Warnke 1972–77 Charles McC. Mathias Jr. 1986–92 Henry M. Wriston 1943–67 Peter G. Peterson 1973–83, Ruben F. Mettler 1986–92 Thomas K. Finletter 1944–67 1984– James E. Burke 1987–95 William A.M. Burden 1945–74 Robert O. Anderson 1974–80 Richard B. Cheney 1987–89, Walter H. Mallory 1945–68 Edward K. Hamilton 1974–83 1993–95 Philip D. Reed 1945–69 Harry C. McPherson Jr. 1974–77 Robert F. Erburu 1987–98 Winfield W. Riefler 1945–50 Elliot L. Richardson 1974–75 Karen Elliott House 1987–98, David Rockefeller 1949–85 Franklin Hall Williams 1975–83 2003–

97 Historical Roster of Directors and Officers

Glenn E. Watts 1987–90 Martin S. Feldstein 1998– Leslie H. Gelb 1993–2003 Thomas S. Foley 1988–94 Bette Bao Lord 1998–2003 Richard N. Haass 2003– James D. Robinson III 1988–91 Michael H. Moskow 1998– Strobe Talbott 1988–93 John Deutch 1999– Honorary President John L. Clendenin 1989–94 Robert E. Rubin 2000– Elihu Root 1921–37 William S. Cohen 1989–97 Andrew Young 2000– Joshua Lederberg 1989–98 Kenneth M. Duberstein 2001– Executive Vice Presidents John S. Reed 1989–92 Henry S. Bienen 2001– John Temple Swing 1986–93 Alice M. Rivlin 1989–92 Joan E. Spero 2001– Michael P. Peters 2002– William J. Crowe Jr. 1990–93 Vin Weber 2001– Senior Vice Presidents Thomas R. Donahue 1990–2001 Fouad Ajami 2002– Alton Frye 1993–98 Richard C. Holbrooke 1991–93, Ronald L. Olson 2002– Kenneth H. Keller 1993–95 1996–99, Thomas R. Pickering 2002– Larry L. Fabian 1994–95 2001– Jeffrey L. Bewkes 2002– Michael P. Peters 1995–2002 Robert D. Hormats 1991– Helene D. Gayle 2003– Paula J. Dobriansky 2001 John E. Bryson 1992–2002 Richard N. Haass 2003– Charles G. Boyd 2001–2002 Maurice R. Greenberg 1992–2002 Richard E. Salomon 2003– David Kellogg 2002– Karen N. Horn 1992–95 Anne-Marie Slaughter 2003– Janice L. Murray 2002– James R. Houghton 1992–96 Charlayne Hunter-Gault 1992–98 Chairmen of the Board Vice Presidents Kenneth W. Dam 1992–2001 Russell C. Leffingwell 1946–53 Paul D. Cravath 1921–33 Donna E. Shalala 1992–93 John J. McCloy 1953–70 Norman H. Davis 1933–36 Alton Frye 1993 David Rockefeller 1970–85 Edwin F. Gay 1933–40 Richard N. Cooper 1993–94 Peter G. Peterson 1985– Frank L. Polk 1940–43 Rita E. Hauser 1993–97 Russell C. Leffingwell 1943–44 E. Gerald Corrigan 1993–95 Vice Chairmen of the Board Allen W. Dulles 1944–46 Leslie H. Gelb 1993–2001, Grayson Kirk 1971–73 Isaiah Bowman 1945–49 2002–2003 Cyrus R. Vance 1973–76, Henry M. Wriston 1950–51 Paul A. Allaire 1993–2002 1985–87 David Rockefeller 1950–70 Robert E. Allen 1993–96 Douglas Dillon 1976–78 Frank Altschul 1951–71 Theodore C. Sorensen 1993– Carroll L. Wilson 1978–79 Devereux C. Josephs 1951–52 Garrick Utley 1993–2003 Warren Christopher 1987–91 David W. MacEachron 1972–74 Carla A. Hills 1994– Harold Brown 1991–92 John Temple Swing 1972–86 Helene L. Kaplan 1994–96 B.R. Inman 1992–93 Alton Frye 1987–93 Frank G. Zarb 1994–96 Jeane J. Kirkpatrick 1993–94 William H. Gleysteen Jr. 1987–89 Robert B. Zoellick 1994–2001 Maurice R. Greenberg 1994–2002 John A. Millington 1987–96 Les Aspin 1995 Carla A. Hills 2001– Margaret Osmer-McQuade 1987–93 Mario L. Baeza 1995–2001 William J. McDonough 2002–2003 Nicholas X. Rizopoulos 1989–94 Peggy Dulany 1995–2003 Karen M. Sughrue 1993–98 Jessica P. Einhorn 1995– Presidents Abraham F. Lowenthal 1995– William J. McDonough 1995– John W. Davis 1921–33 Janice L. Murray 1995–2002 Frank Savage 1995–2002 George W. Wickersham 1933–36 David J. Vidal 1995–97 George Soros 1995– Norman H. Davis 1936–44 Ethan B. Kapstein 1995–96 Hannah Holborn Gray 1995–98 Russell C. Leffingwell 1944–46 Frederick C. Broda 1996–97 George J. Mitchell 1995– Allen W. Dulles 1946–50 Kenneth Maxwell 1996 Louis V. Gerstner Jr. 1995– Henry M. Wriston 1951–64 Gary C. Hufbauer 1997–98 Lee Cullum 1996– Grayson Kirk 1964–71 David Kellogg 1997–2002 Vincent A. Mai 1997–2003 Bayless Manning 1971–77 Paula J. Dobriansky 1997–2001 Warren B. Rudman 1997– Winston Lord 1977–85 Anne R. Luzzatto 1998– Laura D’Andrea Tyson 1997– John Temple Swing* 1985–86 Lawrence J. Korb 1998–2002 Roone Arledge 1998–2002 Peter Tarnoff 1986–93 Diane Sawyer 1998–99 Alton Frye 1993 *Pro-tempore

98 Historical Roster of Directors and Officers

Elise Carlson Lewis 1999– Elliott V. Bell 1952–64 Kenneth H. Keller* 1994–95 Robert C. Orr 2002–2003 Gabriel Hauge 1964–81 Ethan B. Kapstein 1995–96 Irina A. Faskianos 2002– Peter G. Peterson 1981–85 Kenneth R. Maxwell 1996 Lisa Shields 2003– C. Peter McColough 1985–87 Gary C. Hufbauer 1997–98 James M. Lindsay 2003– Lewis T. Preston 1987–88 Lawrence J. Korb 1998–2002 James E. Burke 1988–89 Michael P. Peters 2002–2003 Executive Directors David Woodbridge 1989–94 James M. Lindsay 2003– Hamilton Fish Armstrong 1922–28 Janice L. Murray 1994– Malcolm W. Davis 1925–27 Directors of Meetings Walter H. Mallory 1927–59 Editors of Foreign Affairs George S. Franklin 1949–50 George S. Franklin 1953–71 Archibald Cary Coolidge 1922–28 William Henderson 1952–54, Hamilton Fish Armstrong 1928–72 1955–56 Secretaries William P. Bundy 1972–84 Melvin Conant 1954–55,* Edwin F. Gay 1921–33 William G. Hyland 1984–92 1956–57,* Allen W. Dulles 1933–44 James F. Hoge Jr. 1992– 1957–59 Frank Altschul 1944–72 Directors of Studies George V.H. Moseley III 1959–62 John Temple Swing 1972–87 Harry Boardman 1962–69 Percy W. Bidwell 1937–53 Judith Gustafson 1987–2000 Zygmunt Nagorski Jr. 1969–78 Philip E. Mosely 1955–63 Lilita V. Gusts 2000– Marilyn Berger 1978–79 Richard H. Ullman 1973–76 Margaret Osmer-McQuade 1979–93 Treasurers Abraham F. Lowenthal 1976–77 Karen M. Sughrue 1993–98 Edwin F. Gay 1921–33 John C. Campbell 1977–78 Anne R. Luzzatto 1998– Whitney H. Shepardson 1933–42 Paul H. Kreisberg 1981–87 Clarence E. Hunter 1942–51 William H. Gleysteen Jr. 1987–89 Devereux C. Josephs 1951–52 Nicholas X. Rizopoulos 1989–94 *Pro-tempore

Meeting of the Board of Directors, June 5, 2003

Seated, Front Row: Carla A. Hills, Maurice R. Greenberg, Peter G. Lee Cullum. Third Row: Richard C. Holbrooke, Peggy Dulany, Vin Weber, Peterson, Leslie H. Gelb, William J. McDonough. Second Row: Theodore C. John Deutch, Thomas R. Pickering, Warren B. Rudman, George J. Sorensen, Martin S. Feldstein, Richard E. Salomon, Laura D’, Fouad Ajami, Jeffrey Bewkes, Andrew Young, Henry S. Bienen, Tyson, Kenneth M. Duberstein, Bette Bao Lord, Richard N. Haass, Ronald L. Olson, Garrick Utley. Jessica P. Einhorn, Joan E. Spero, Michael H. Moskow, Robert E. Rubin,

99 Budget and Finance

In his Chairman’s Letter, Peter G. Peterson describes some of and subcommittee more heartily each year—and we have the strengths underlying the Council’s financial position: a good reason to do so! In this “unruly and dangerous world” strong leader in our departing president, Leslie H. Gelb, and in that Les talks about, they have kept the Council sensibly and our incoming president, Richard N. Haass; a committed and soundly prepared to fund ongoing programs and take on new generous membership; and diverse sources of revenue. This ones without sacrificing quality or compromising goals. year, the Council added an endowed chair in Africa Policy And, thanks to the continuing combination of careful Studies; a senior fellowship in global health studies; two stewardship of Council resources; support from members, endowed lectureships; and broad support for its National, foundations, and others who support the Council’s missions; Term Member, and Studies Programs—to mention just a few keeping a close eye on expenditures; and maintaining a areas of growth this year. diverse array of resources, the Council maintained an The Council’s investment portfolio climbed to an all-time operating surplus for this final year of Les’s presidency. high, ending at just over $150 million as of June 30, 2003. We thank William J. McDonough, chairman of the Finance Janice L. Murray and Budget Committee, J. Tomilson Hill, chairman of the Senior Vice President and Treasurer Investment Subcommittee, and all members of the committee

Statement of Financial Position

2003 2002 Assets Cash and cash equivalents $ 9,206,300 $ 10,304,000 Accounts receivable and prepaid expenses 1,127,900 1,191,100 Grants and contributions receivable, current portion (Note 5) 4,026,100 5,258,700 Inventories, at lower of cost or market 127,400 170,700 Grants and contributions receivable, long-term portion (Note 5) 2,880,400 1,346,600 Contributions receivable for endowment (Note 5) 1,303,000 1,116,000 Land, buildings and building improvements, and equipment, net (Note 6) 22,313,400 22,568,600 Investments (Note 3) 85,049,000 81,270,500 Investments to be held in perpetuity (Note 3) 65,085,700 60,917,300 Total assets $191,119,200 $184,143,500

Liabilities and net assets Liabilities: Accounts payable and accrued expenses $ 2,837,700 $ 3,764,300 Deferred subscription revenue 2,415,800 2,309,200 Accrued postretirement benefits (Note 8) 1,858,000 1,812,000 Total liabilities 7,111,500 7,885,500

Net assets (Notes 9 and 10): Unrestricted 79,214,200 75,143,800 Temporarily restricted 38,404,800 39,080,900 Permanently restricted 66,388,700 62,033,300 Total net assets 184,007,700 176,258,000 Total liabilities and net assets $191,119,200 $184,143,500 See accompanying notes.

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Statement of Activities

Year ended June 30, 2003, with summarized financial information for the year ended June 30, 2002

2003 Temporarily Permanently 2002 Unrestricted Restricted Restricted Total Total Operating revenue, support, and reclassifications Membership dues $ 3,505,100 $ 3,505,100 $ 3,354,900 Annual giving 3,571,400 3,571,400 3,184,900 Corporate memberships and related income 3,265,500 3,265,500 3,212,300 Meetings 21,300 $ 120,000 141,300 274,200 International Affairs Fellowships 71,300 71,300 106,700 Grants and contributions for Studies 5,632,600 5,632,600 6,499,200 Other grants and contributions 745,400 1,142,800 1,888,200 1,100,700 Foreign Affairs 5,359,300 5,359,300 5,008,700 Book publication 37,800 37,800 43,600 Investment income allocation (Note 4) 3,600,000 3,187,000 6,787,000 6,317,700 Rental income 1,025,900 1,025,900 977,500 Miscellaneous 180,500 5,900 186,400 796,000 Total operating revenue and support 21,312,200 10,159,600 31,471,800 30,876,400 Net assets released from restrictions (Note 9) 10,159,200 (10,159,200) —— Total operating revenue, support, and reclassifications 31,471,400 400 31,471,800 30,876,400

Operating expenses Program expenses: Studies Program 11,463,300 11,463,300 10,387,300 Meetings Program 3,280,200 3,280,200 3,124,500 Foreign Affairs 4,746,500 4,746,500 4,932,800 Book publication 606,200 606,200 596,000 National Program 769,300 769,300 627,700 Outreach Program 565,200 565,200 — International Affairs Fellowships 1,114,200 1,114,200 563,700 Communications 850,700 850,700 735,600 Total program expenses 23,395,600 23,395,600 20,967,600

Supporting services: Management and general 3,820,100 3,820,100 3,868,400 Membership 798,600 798,600 629,600 Fund-raising: Development 303,700 303,700 308,100 Corporate Program 588,200 588,200 661,700 Total fund-raising 891,900 891,900 969,800 Total supporting services 5,510,600 5,510,600 5,467,800

Total operating expenses 28,906,200 28,906,200 26,435,400

Excess of operating revenue, support, and reclassifications over operating expenses 2,565,200 400 2,565,600 4,441,000

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Statement of Activities (continued)

Year ended June 30, 2003, with summarized financial information for the year ended June 30, 2002

2003 Temporarily Permanently 2002 Unrestricted Restricted Restricted Total Total Excess of operating revenue, support, and reclassifications over operating expenses brought forward $ 2,565,200 $ 400 $ 2,565,600 $ 4,441,000

Nonoperating revenue (Note 2) Investment gain (loss) in excess of spending rate (Note 4) 1,505,200 (676,500) 828,700 (9,415,200) Endowment contributions $ 4,355,400 4,355,400 1,307,900 Total nonoperating revenue 1,505,200 (676,500) 4,355,400 5,184,100 (8,107,300)

Change in net assets 4,070,400 (676,100) 4,355,400 7,749,700 (3,666,300) Net assets, beginning of the year 75,143,800 39,080,900 62,033,300 176,258,000 179,924,300 Net assets, end of the year $79,214,200 $38,404,800 $66,388,700 $184,007,700 $176,258,000

See accompanying notes.

Statement of Cash Flows

Years ended June 30, 2003 and 2002

2003 2002 Operating activities Change in net assets $ 7,749,700 $(3,666,300) Adjustments to reconcile change in net assets to net cash (used in) provided by operating activities: Depreciation 1,612,700 1,573,400 Net realized and unrealized (gain) loss on investments (7,013,100) 4,968,500 Contributions restricted for investment in endowment (4,355,400) (1,307,900) Changes in operating assets and liabilities: Accounts receivable and prepaid expenses 63,200 (563,700) Grants and contributions receivable (301,200) (1,004,400) Inventories 43,300 9,000 Accounts payable and accrued expenses (926,600) 529,400 Deferred subscription revenue 106,600 (124,800) Accrued postretirement benefits 46,000 12,000 Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities (2,974,800) 425,200

102 Budget and Finance

Statement of Cash Flows (continued)

Years ended June 30, 2003 and 2002

2003 2002 Investing activities Purchases of building improvements and equipment $(1,357,500) $(818,500) Purchases of investments (119,693,800) (114,974,100) Proceeds from sales of investments 118,760,000 108,321,900 Net cash used in investing activities (2,291,300) (7,470,700) Financing activities Contributions restricted for investment in endowment 4,168,400 4,294,400 Net cash provided by financing activities 4,168,400 4,294,400

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents (1,097,700) (2,751,100) Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year 10,304,000 13,055,100 Cash and cash equivalents, end of year $ 9,206,300 $ 10,304,000

Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information Non-cash investing and financing activity: Contributions receivable for investment in endowment $ 1,303,000 $ 1,116,000 See accompanying notes.

Notes to Financial Statements June 30, 2003 1. Organization The Council on Foreign Relations, Inc. (the “Council”), headquartered in New York City, is a nonprofit and nonpartisan membership organization dedicated to improving the understanding of U.S. foreign policy and international affairs through the exchange of ideas. The Council, established in 1921, serves as a center for scholarship and policy analysis, mobilizing resident senior staff, members, and other experts in dialogue, study, and the publications programs. It serves as a membership organization, comprising an ever-more diverse and multiprofessional community of men and women involved in international affairs. The Council also serves as a public education organization, reaching out nationally and internationally to disseminate ideas and collaborate with other institutions. The Council is a Section 501(c)(3) not-for-profit organization exempt from federal income taxes under Section 501(a) of the Internal Revenue Code (the “Code”) and is a publicly supported organization as described in Section 509(a)(1) of the Code. The Council is also exempt from state and local income taxes. It is subject to tax on unrelated business income, which has not been significant.

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Fund Accounting and Net Asset Classifications The Council considers all contributions and grants to be available for unrestricted use unless specifically restricted by the donor or grantor. Endowment contributions are invested and, pursuant to the Council’s 5% policy (see Note 4), an investment allocation is made for general purposes (unrestricted) and specific program activities (temporarily restricted). In the accompanying financial statements, funds that have similar characteristics have been combined into three net asset classes: unrestricted, temporarily restricted, and permanently restricted. Unrestricted net assets represent funds that are fully available, at the discretion of management and the Board of Directors, for the Council to utilize in any of its program or supporting services. Temporarily restricted net assets comprise funds that are restricted by donors for a specific time period or purpose. Permanently restricted net assets consist of funds that must be maintained intact in perpetuity, but permit the Council to expend part or all of the income derived from the investment of the donated assets for either specified or unspecified purposes.

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Support and Revenue Contributions, including a portion of membership dues, are recorded when received unconditionally, at their fair value. Gifts received with donor stipulations that limit the use of donated assets are reported as either temporarily or permanently restricted support. When a donor restriction expires, that is, when a time restriction ends or purpose restriction is fulfilled, temporarily restricted net assets are reclassified as unrestricted net assets and reported in the statement of activities as net assets released from restrictions. It is the Council’s policy to imply a time restriction on gifts of long-lived assets and contributions to be used to acquire long-lived assets in the absence of explicit donor restrictions to that effect. Conditional contributions, such as grants with matching requirements, are recognized in the appropriate net asset class when the conditions have been met. Payments for subscriptions to Foreign Affairs are recognized as revenue over the period during which the subscriptions are fulfilled. Cash and Cash Equivalents The Council considers all highly liquid investments purchased with a maturity of three months or less, excluding cash equivalents held as investments, to be cash equivalents. Investments The Council’s investments are recorded at their fair values, which are based on quoted market prices for individual debt and marketable equity securities. The Council’s hedge funds, which consist of interests in investment limited partnerships and investment companies, are carried as follows: • The Council’s investments in investment companies, represented by share ownership, are carried at the aggregate net asset value of the shares held by the Council. The net asset value is based on the net market value of the investment company’s investment portfolio as determined by the management of the investment company. • The carrying values of investments in investment limited partnerships reflect the Council’s net contributions to the respective partnerships and its share of realized and unrealized investment income and expenses of the respective partnerships. Investments held by the investment limited partnerships generally are carried at fair value as determined by the respective general partners. Land, Buildings and Building Improvements, and Equipment The Council follows the practice of capitalizing expenditures for land, buildings and building improvements, and equipment, and generally depreciates these assets on the straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives (see Note 6). The fair value of donated property and equipment is similarly capitalized and depreciated. Measure of Operations The Council includes in its definition of operations all revenues and expenses that are an integral part of its programs and supporting activities, including an authorized investment income allocation (see Note 4) and all contributions except for those that are restricted for capital expenditures or have been permanently restricted by donors. Investment income, including net realized and unrealized gains and losses, earned in excess of (or less than) the Council’s aggregate authorized spending amount, contributions for capital expenditures, and contributions to permanently restricted net assets are recognized as nonoperating activity. Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates. 2002 Summarized Financial Information The accompanying financial statements include certain prior year summarized comparative information in total but not by net asset class. Such information does not include sufficient detail to constitute a presentation in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. Accordingly, such information should be read in conjunction with the Council’s financial statements for the year ended June 30, 2002, from which the summarized information was derived.

3. Investments The components of the Council’s long-term investments were as follows: June 30 2003 2002 Cost Carrying Value Cost Carrying Value Domestic equity securities $ 48,719,700 $ 52,629,700 $ 52,112,800 $ 50,878,200 International equity securities 12,181,300 14,674,200 11,464,900 15,143,400 Foreign and corporate bonds 11,571,200 12,731,200 13,712,000 13,882,300 U.S. government agency obligations 12,988,200 14,945,200 12,527,400 12,665,600 Hedge funds 33,889,100 46,300,900 35,657,600 46,718,400 Money market funds 8,853,500 8,853,500 2,899,900 2,899,900 Total $128,203,000 $150,134,700 $128,374,600 $142,187,800

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The hedge funds in which the Council has invested may trade various financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk. These financial instruments include securities sold short and long, options contracts, and foreign currency forward contracts. Such transactions subject the hedge funds and their investors to market risk associated with changes in the value of the underlying securities, financial instruments, and foreign currencies, as well as the risk of loss if a counterparty fails to perform. The respective managers endeavor to limit the risk associated with such transactions.

4. Investment Allocation It is a Council policy to make an annual investment allocation for the support of operations at 5% of the average market value of the investments for the three previous years. Amounts allocated to the unrestricted and temporarily restricted net asset classes are at the discretion of the Council. Investment income has been reported as follows: Year ended June 30 2003 2002 Temporarily Unrestricted Restricted Total Total Dividends and interest, net of invest- ment expenses of $1,163,700 and $828,600 in 2003 and 2002, respectively $ 404,000 $ 198,700 $ 602,600 $ 1,871,000 Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) 4,701,200 2,311,800 7,013,100 (4,968,500) Total return on investments 5,105,200 2,510,500 7,615,700 (3,097,500) Investment return used for current operations (3,600,000) (3,187,000) (6,787,000) (6,317,700) Investment gain (loss) in excess of amounts used for current operations $ 1,505,200 $ (676,500) $ 828,700 $(9,415,200)

5. Grants and Contributions Receivable Receivables consist substantially of promises to give and are due from individuals, corporations, and foundations. Contributions receivable for endowment and capital expenditures are primarily due within one year. Grants and contributions receivable are due to be collected as follows: June 30 2003 2002 Less than one year $5,329,100 $6,374,700 One to five years 3,078,000 1,520,000 8,407,100 7,894,700 Less discount (at rates varying from 1.5% to 6%) 197,600 173,400 Grants and contributions receivable, net $8,209,500 $7,721,300

6. Land, Buildings and Building Improvements, and Equipment Land, buildings and building improvements, and equipment, at cost, are summarized as follows: June 30 Estimated 2003 2002 Useful Life Land $ 1,854,300 $ 1,854,300 Buildings and building improvements 26,510,800 25,827,000 10–55 years Equipment 8,161,700 7,488,000 3–15 years 36,526,800 35,169,300 Less accumulated depreciation 14,213,400 12,600,700 $22,313,400 $22,568,600

7. Retirement Plan The Council has a defined contribution retirement plan covering all employees who meet the minimum service requirements. Payments, which are 12.5% of each participant’s salary for employees hired prior to July 1, 1998, and 10% for each participant hired after this date, are made to Teachers Insurance and Annuity Association and College Retirement Equity Fund to purchase individual annuities for plan members. The expense for the plan was $831,200 for 2003 and $786,300 for 2002. Participants must contribute 2.5% of their salaries and have the to make additional contributions on their own behalf.

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8. Other Postretirement Benefits The Council provides certain health care and life insurance benefits for retired employees. Employees are eligible for those benefits when they meet the criteria for retirement under the pension plan.

The following table presents the plan’s disclosures under the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 132, Employers’ Disclosures About Pensions and Other Postretirement Benefits, as accounted for under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 106, Employers’ Accounting for Postretirement Benefits Other than Pensions: June 30 2003 2002 Benefit obligation $2,889,000 $2,348,000 Fair value of plan assets — — Unfunded status $2,889,000 $2,348,000 Accrued postretirement benefit cost in the statement of financial position $1,858,000 $1,812,000

For the year ended Benefit cost $ 239,000 $ 198,000 Benefits paid $ 193,000 $ 186,000 Weighted-average assumptions Discount rate 6.25% 7.0% For purposes of calculating the accumulated postretirement benefit obligation and the net periodic postretirement benefit cost, the average annual assumed rate of increase in the per capita cost of medical and dental benefits is 6% for 2003 and 2002 and decreasing to 5% in 2005 and thereafter.

9. Temporarily Restricted Net Assets Temporarily restricted net assets are restricted for the following purposes or time periods: June 30 2003 2002 Studies $24,833,700 $24,740,200 International Affairs Fellowships 4,000,600 4,212,800 Meetings 2,758,400 1,790,200 Studies—Next Generation 1,595,000 2,891,700 Capital expenditures 5,217,100 5,446,000 $38,404,800 $39,080,900

Temporarily restricted net assets were released from restrictions for the fulfillment of the following during the years ended June 30: 2003 2002 Purposes and time periods: Studies $ 7,540,600 $8,050,800 International Affairs Fellowships 539,800 406,700 Meetings 474,200 504,000 Studies—Next Generation 1,296,700 264,300 Capital expenditures 228,900 231,600 Other 79,000 278,100 $10,159,200 $9,735,500

The amounts released from restrictions of $10,159,200 and $9,735,500 in 2003 and 2002, respectively, primarily represent revenue recognized in prior years and expended in 2003 and 2002, respectively.

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10. Permanently Restricted Net Assets At June 30, 2003 and 2002, income earned on permanently restricted net assets is available for the following purposes: June 30 2003 2002 Studies $40,235,000 $36,028,500 International Affairs Fellowships 6,066,200 6,066,100 Meetings 4,080,500 3,931,700 Library 1,021,000 1,021,000 Unrestricted as to use 14,986,000 14,986,000 $66,388,700 $62,033,300

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS

Board of Directors Council on Foreign Relations, Inc. We have audited the accompanying statement of financial position of the Council on Foreign Relations, Inc. as of June 30, 2003, and the related statements of activities and cash flows for the year then ended. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Council’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit. The prior year summarized comparative information has been derived from the Council’s 2002 financial statements and, in our report dated August 14, 2002, we expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements. We conducted our audit in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States.Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion. In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Council on Foreign Relations, Inc. at June 30, 2003, and the changes in its net assets and its cash flows for the year then ended in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States.

August 8, 2003

107 Staff

Executive Office Jonathan D. Tepperman Senior Editor Stéphanie Giry Associate Editor Richard N. Haass President Daniel Kurtz-Phelan Associate Editor Michael P. Peters Executive Vice President Ben Moxham Assistant Editor Janice L. Murray Senior Vice President and Treasurer Traci C. Nagle Production Editor Abigail Zoba Special Assistant to the President Ann R. Tappert Acting Production Editor Elva Murphy Assistant to the President Rosemary Hartman Assistant to the Editor Jennifer Manuel Special Assistant to the Executive Ann Hathaway Vice President Coleman Assistant to the Managing Editor Sharon Herbst Assistant to the Senior Vice President Arissa Sidoti Editorial Assistant and Treasurer Lilita V. Gusts Secretary of the Corporation Publishing Lee Feinstein Deputy Director of Studies and Director David Kellogg Publisher of Strategic Policy Eugenia Chang Circulation Manager Jeffrey A. Reinke Director of Special Programs Peter Chiu Circulation Analyst Alton Frye Of Counsel Nina Johns Permissions and Licensing Coordinator Lynda Hammes Academic Program Coordinator Leslie H. Gelb President Emeritus and Michael Pasuit Marketing Coordinator Board Senior Fellow Melsha Winchester Advertising Production Coordinator Thomas D. Sullivan Research Associate to the President Tom Davey Website Marketing Coordinator Emeritus and Board Senior Fellow Nancy Eyde Assistant to the Publisher Congress and U.S. Foreign Policy Program Lee Feinstein Co-Director, Congress and U.S. Foreign Studies Program Policy Director of Studies Office Alton Frye Presidential Senior Fellow and Co-Director, James M. Lindsay Vice President, Maurice R. Greenberg Congress and U.S. Foreign Policy Chair, Director of Studies Daryl Edwards Program Coordinator, Congress and Lee Feinstein Deputy Director of Studies and U.S. Foreign Policy Senior Fellow for U.S. Foreign Policy and International Law Communications Cynthia Tindell Associate Director of Studies Alicia Siebenaler Assistant Director of Studies Lisa Shields Vice President Jean-Michel Oriol Budget Coordinator Marie X. Strauss Deputy Director Marieke Beeuwkes Communications Associate Africa Cree Frappier Manager of Web Design Princeton N. Lyman Ralph Bunche Senior Fellow and Development in Africa Policy Studies Odette Boya Research Associate Foreign Affairs Asia Editorial Elizabeth C. Economy C.V. Starr Senior Fellow and Director James F. Hoge Jr. Editor, Peter G. Peterson Chair in Asia Studies Gideon Rose Managing Editor Jerome A. Cohen Adjunct Senior Fellow

108 Staff

Eric Heginbotham Senior Fellow, Asia Studies Sheila Heslin Adjunct Fellow Mahnaz Ispahani Senior Fellow for South and West Asia Michael Mandelbaum Senior Fellow Edward Lincoln Senior Fellow, Asia and Economic Studies Stephen R. Sestanovich George F. Kennan Senior Fellow Adam Segal Maurice R. Greenberg Senior Fellow for Russian and Eurasian Studies in China Studies Jamie Fly Research Associate Benjamin Brake Research Associate Rositsa Petrova Research Associate Earl Carr Research Associate Kerry Fischer Research Associate Latin America Laura Geller Research Associate Kenneth R. Maxwell Nelson and David Rockefeller Senior Faiza Issa Research Associate Fellow for Inter-American Studies, Angela Stavropoulos Research Associate and Director, Latin America Studies Julia E. Sweig Senior Fellow and Deputy Director, Center for Preventive Action Latin America Program William L. Nash John W. Vessey Senior Fellow and Director Tomás Amorim Director of Western Hemisphere Affairs of the Center for Preventive Action Michael McCarthy Research Associate David L. Phillips Senior Fellow and Deputy Director, Marcio Siwi Research Associate Center for Preventive Action Alexander Sarly Research Consultant Janine Hill Fellow and Associate Director of the Center for Preventive Action Middle East Kathleen Jennings Research Associate Rachel Bronson Senior Fellow and Director, Maria Kristensen Research Associate Middle East and Gulf Studies Michael S. Doran Adjunct Senior Fellow Maurice R. Greenberg Center Judith Kipper Director, Middle East Forum for Geoeconomic Studies Richard W. Murphy Hasib J. Sabbagh Senior Fellow Benn Steil Acting Director, Maurice R. Greenberg for the Middle East Center for Geoeconomic Studies, Henry Siegman Senior Fellow and Director, and André Meyer Senior Fellow U.S./Middle East Project in International Economics Rachel Abramson Assistant Director, Middle East Studies Caroline Atkinson Adjunct Senior Fellow Jonathan Lincoln Senior Research Associate, Jagdish N. Bhagwati André Meyer Senior Fellow U.S./Middle East Project in International Economics Gail Israelson Executive Assistant to the Director, Roger M. Kubarych Henry Kaufman Adjunct Senior Fellow U.S./Middle East Project in International Economics and Finance Kareem Idriss Research Associate Edward Lincoln Senior Fellow, Asia and Economic Studies Caroline Nichols Program Associate Sebastian Mallaby Senior Fellow in International Development Gene Sperling Senior Fellow for Economic Policy, National Security and Director of the Center Lawrence J. Korb Senior Fellow and Director, on Universal Education National Security Studies Michael M. Weinstein Adjunct Senior Fellow Richard K. Betts Adjunct Senior Fellow Amelia Branczik Research Associate Dennis C. Blair Adjunct Senior Fellow, Tanya Finnell Research Associate National Security Studies Michael Punzalan Research Associate Max Boot Senior Fellow, National Security Studies Uday Ram Research Associate Stephen E. Flynn Jeane J. Kirkpatrick Senior Fellow for National Security Studies Business and Foreign Policy Jamie Metzl Senior Fellow and Coordinator David Braunschvig Bernard L. Schwartz Senior Fellow for Homeland Security Programs and Director, Business and Foreign Policy Bernard E. Trainor Adjunct Senior Fellow Jennifer Manuel Research Associate Elizabeth Dahan Research Associate Dan Dolgin Research Associate Europe Jamie Fly Research Associate Charles A. Kupchan Senior Fellow and Director Scott Kemp Research Associate of Europe Studies Alex Tiersky Research Associate James M. Goldgeier Adjunct Senior Fellow Sarah Vogt Research Associate

109 Staff

Peace and Conflict Arthur C. Helton Director, Peace and Conflict Studies, Meetings and Senior Fellow, Refugee Studies and Preventive Action Anne R. Luzzatto Vice President, Meetings Robert P. DeVecchi Adjunct Senior Fellow, Refugees Laura Sylvester Assistant to the Vice President of Meetings and the Displaced Nancy D. Bodurtha Deputy Director Mahnaz Ispahani Senior Fellow for South and West Asia Anastasia Malacos Ruth Wedgwood Senior Fellow, International Organizations La Follette Associate Director and Law Carolyn Jander Assistant Director Kerry Fischer Research Associate Francesco Barbacci Program Coordinator Eliana Jacobs Research Associate Allison Scharf Program Associate Marie Jeannot Assistant to the Senior Fellow Monti Burnett Administrative Assistant/Database for Refugee Studies and Preventive Action Coordinator Valerie Brazill Director of Special Events Science and Technology Katherine Boyle Assistant Director, Special Events Richard L. Garwin Philip D. Reed Senior Fellow and Director Kathryn Hannan Special Events Assistant in Science and Technology Bruce M. DeBlois Adjunct Senior Fellow Jordan S. Kassalow Adjunct Senior Fellow Washington Program Robert W. Nelson Senior Fellow, Science and Technology Lee Feinstein Director, Washington Program David G. Victor Adjunct Senior Fellow Noa Gimelli Associate Director, Meetings Smita Aiyar Research Associate Linda Harsh Associate Director, Washington Office James Bergman Research Associate Christine Zehender Events Manager Kerry Fischer Research Associate Milan Vaishnav Program Coordinator Jenna Munn Program Associate U.S. Foreign Policy John W. Havens Program Assistant Isobel Coleman Senior Fellow, U.S. Foreign Policy Lee Feinstein Deputy Director of Studies and Senior Fellow for U.S. Foreign Policy National and Outreach Programs and International Law Irina A. Faskianos Vice President, National and Outreach Walter Russell Mead Henry A. Kissinger Senior Fellow Programs in U.S. Foreign Policy Joe Siegle Douglas Dillon Fellow National Program Ronald Steel Whitney H. Shepardson Fellow Katherine Sobong Program Coordinator, National Program Bryan Gunderson Research Associate Vaishali Patel Program Assistant, National Program Cheryl Igiri Research Associate Erika Bailey Administrative Assistant Lindsay Workman Research Associate Outreach Program Visiting Fellows, 2003–2004 Michael Glennon Senior Editor, cfr.org John T. Boggs USMC Military Fellow Bernard M. Gwertzman Consulting Editor, cfr.org Peter A. Henry USA Military Fellow Jennifer Sieg Assistant Director, Outreach Program L. David Marquet USN Military Fellow Sharon Otterman Staff Writer, cfr.org Heather Armentrout Intelligence Fellow Esther Pan Staff Writer, cfr.org Kathy M. Gannon Edward R. Murrow Press Fellow Claire Miller Research Associate, cfr.org Christopher LaFleur Cyrus Vance Fellow in Diplomatic Studies Sunil Desai International Affairs Fellow in Residence Anna Gelpern International Affairs Fellow in Residence Stephen R. Grand International Affairs Fellow in Residence Konrad Huber International Affairs Fellow in Residence Brad Setser International Affairs Fellow in Residence Uday Ram Research Associate

110 Staff

Human Resources David Kellogg Senior Vice President, Corporate Affairs, Jan Mowder Hughes Director and Publisher Donna Sardella Deputy Director Nancy Eyde Assistant to the Senior Vice President, Kerryn Kletter Human Resources Generalist Corporate Affairs, and Publisher Bettina Schaeffer Human Resources Assistant Victoria Thompson Interdepartmental Program Associate Corporate Affairs Margaret Jacqui Selbst Schein Director, Corporate Affairs Winterkorn-Meikle Interdepartmental Program Associate Andrea Woodruff Associate Director, Corporate Affairs Reception Kira Burns Assistant Director, Corporate Affairs Cristy Lemperle Reception Supervisor Jura Chung Corporate Affairs Associate Council Publishing Library and Research Services Lilita V. Gusts Director and Secretary of the Corporation Patricia Lee Dorff Director of Publishing Marcia L. Sprules Deputy Director Jennifer Anmuth Assistant Editor Michelle McKowen Reference and Documents Librarian Connie M. Stagnaro Research Intranet and Archives Coordinator Membership and Fellowship Affairs Ming Er Qiu Technical Services Associate Christine Quinn Library Assistant Elise Carlson Lewis Vice President and Director Barbara K. Miller Consulting Archivist Allison Valencia Assistant Director, Membership and Fellowship Affairs Bessie Skoures Assistant Director, Term Member Program Information Services Caroline Osterwise Program Associate Charles Day Director Genna Weinstein Program Associate Deepak Trivedi Deputy Director Aysha Ghadiali Program Assistant Richard Wawzycki Associate Director Albert Andrade Senior Help Desk Technician Janice L. Murray Senior Vice President and Treasurer Alice McLoughlin Assistant to the Director of Information Services and Data Entry Specialist Virginia Rolston Development Parrott Training and Documentation Specialist Betty Kurdys Director of the Annual Fund Chris O. Sierra LAN Administrator and Major Gifts Lena Moy Program Associate Facility Operations Sabeen Ali Program Coordinator Neftali Frank Alvarez Director of Facility Operations Phil Falcon Associate Director of Facility Operations Finance Ian Noray Facility Services Manager Peter Tyndale Director of Finance Santo Ine Alers Senior Facility Operations Assistant Rebecca Schain Accounting Manager Angel Cordova Facility Operations and Events Assistant Sigi Silvani Staff Accountant Gilbert Falcon Facility Operations Assistant Linda Copeland Accounting Associate Anthony Ramirez Facility Operations Assistant Sharon Lalla Accounting Associate Edwin Santiago Facility Operations Assistant Vera Langley Accounting Associate Derek Velez Facility Operations Assistant Myrna Morris Accounts Payable Associate Lawrence White Facility Operations Assistant Esther Kau Accounting Assistant Events Management Mark Hudson Events Manager Glen Goldman Audio Visual Technician Fernando Browne Assistant Events Manager Chad Bowser Events Assistant

Note: Staff shown as of August 2003.

111 Staff

New York

Washington, D.C.

112 Membership

The Council is a national membership organization with Membership Selection Procedure members divided almost equally among New York City, Washington, D.C., and the rest of the country, plus those Membership Selection living overseas. The Council relies on its members for New members are named twice a year by the Board of their active engagement, substantive contributions, and Directors, which invites selected men and women to join support, and counts on its members to identify and pro- based on recommendations by the Membership Commit- pose qualified prospects for membership. Membership tee. The committee, which meets twice a year, is composed development efforts are focused on identifying potential of five members of the Board and such other members as Council members from various professions, geographic the committee chair deems appropriate. To be considered areas, and racial and ethnic groups. This year, the by the Membership Committee, candidates must be pro- Women’s Membership Development Group significantly posed for membership by current Council members. The increased the number of highly qualified female candi- roster of members is listed in the annual report. dates for regular membership. At every meeting, the Membership Committee consid- ers significantly more candidates than there are vacan- cies. Thus, it is inevitable that the names of some Profile of the Membership candidates will appear before the committee on several Number of Percentage of occasions. Given the high level of the competition gener- Members Membership ally, some candidates may never be elected even though Location they may be thought by some to have the individual New York Area 1,345 32 qualifications outlined below. Washington, D.C., Area 1,369 33 Term Membership National/International 1,478 35 In an effort to reach out to the next generation of leaders, Total 4,192 100 the Board has established a separate Term Membership Committee. This committee meets annually in the spring Profession to evaluate candidates between the ages of 28 and 34 for Business 1,299 31 consideration as five-year term members of the Council. Professors, Fellows, The selection process for term membership is nearly iden- and Researchers 768 18 tical to, although separate from, that for regular members. Nonprofit 640 15 Initiated over 30 years ago, the program has grown to the Government 541 13 point where the Board has gradually raised the yearly Lawyers 319 8 limit on the number of term members who may be University and College elected. At present, the limit is 110, of whom no more than 35 are permitted to be age 30 and under. Administrators 303 7 Journalists, Correspondents, Becoming a Member and Editors 248 6 Current procedure requires that every candidate for reg- Other 74 2 ular membership be formally nominated in writing by Total 4,192 100 one member and seconded by a minimum of two other

113 Membership individuals, at least one of whom is a Council member. To Nominating Letters be considered for term membership, candidates must be Letters nominating a candidate for consideration by the nominated by one member and seconded by a minimum Membership Committee should address the following of one other Council member. It is recommended that at criteria, which have always been basic to the committee’s least one letter from a current or former professional col- consideration of membership candidates: league be included. An additional letter or two, from Council members, reflecting different perspectives are •Intellectual attainment and expertise; welcome but not required. Currently, an average candi- •Degree of experience, interest, and current involve- dacy includes four to five letters of support. All candi- ment in international affairs or in other areas affect- dates must complete a nominee information form, which ing international affairs; may be obtained from the Membership office. The candi- •Promise of future achievement and service in for- date must provide the following information: curriculum eign relations; vitae or chronological resume, which must include the • Potential contributions to the Council’s work; candidate’s date of birth and, if foreign-born, a statement •Desire and ability to participate in Council activities; that he or she has been naturalized or is a permanent res- and ident who has made formal application for citizenship. •Standing among his or her peers. Additionally, the nominator or candidate should submit a list of the names of up to ten Council members by whom Seconding Letters the candidate is well known. Seconding letters need not be so comprehensive but should amplify why, in the opinion of the writer, a given Rules and Regulations candidate should be considered for Council membership. Acandidate’s nominator bears the chief responsibility for Thoughtful, candid, and succinct comments are far more seeing to it that filing deadlines for a candidacy are met important in seconding and proposing letters than formal and that all required documents are submitted to the endorsements of candidates. In seconding letters particu- Council’s membership office in a timely manner. Candi- larly, writers should express why a given candidate dates or their nominators are responsible for securing should be considered for Council membership for rea- Council members to write seconding letters within the sons beyond the basic criteria above. content guidelines prescribed below. Council members While only two seconding letters are required to assure are advised to commit themselves to supporting a candi- that a candidate’s name will be forwarded to the Mem- dacy only when they can fairly meet the requirements of bership Committee, one or two additional letters are fre- the process and the expectations of the candidates who quently submitted at the initiative of either the nominator depend on them for assistance. Please also note: or the candidate. Such letters are particularly helpful to the Membership Committee when they add information •Council membership is restricted to citizens of the or insights about a candidate not already contained in a United States or permanent residents of the United previous letter. All membership proposing, seconding, States who have made application to become citizens. and supporting letters should be mailed to the address •Members of the Council’s Board of Directors and indicated at the end of this section. Membership Committee are precluded from nomi- nating, seconding, and writing supporting letters Deadlines on any candidate’s behalf. Strict observance of deadlines is essential to staff support •Amember who is a spouse, close relative (such as of the Membership Committee’s work, and we request parent, brother or sister, cousin, etc.), or near in-law your continuing cooperation. The preparation of individ- of a candidate may not formally propose or second ual membership files for submission to the Membership that candidate for membership in the Council. Committee is a continuing process. Candidates whose Members should also refrain from writing on behalf files are not completed in time for any given meeting of of clients. the committee have their files carried forward, without •Members should write only in support of candi- prejudice, to the subsequent meeting, but are considered dates whom they know well. only if completed.

114 Membership

REGULAR MEMBERSHIP—For prospective regular members, affirmative selection; i.e., from the large and evolving the deadlines for receipt of all materials for the two yearly pool of nominees, the committee and the Board choose a meetings of the committee to consider regular member- number of members without prejudice to the candidacies ship candidates are March 1 and September 15. of those remaining in the pool. TERM MEMBERSHIP—For prospective term members, the Contact for All Membership Matters deadline for receipt of all materials for the annual meet- and Correspondence: ing of the committee to consider term membership candi- Elise Carlson Lewis dates is January 31. Vice President of Membership and Fellowship Affairs Notification of Candidates Council on Foreign Relations 58 East 68th Street Candidates recommended by the Membership Commit- New York, New York 10021 tee and elected by the Board are so notified, as are their Telephone: (212) 434-9400; Fax: (212) 434-9801 nominators and seconders. Candidates remain eligible E-mail: [email protected] for consideration at subsequent meetings of the commit- Visit our website at www.cfr.org. tee and may continue to submit new materials and secure additional letters of support. The process is entirely one of

Council members at the February 25, 2003, Meeting, “Iraq: The War Debate,” with Speaker Max Boot, Olin Senior Fellow, National Security Studies, Council on Foreign Relations, Speaker William Kristol, Editor, Weekly Standard, Presider Leslie H. Gelb, Speaker John J. Mearsheimer, R. Wendell Harrison Distinguished Service Professor and Co-Director, Program on International Security, University of Chicago, and Speaker Stephen M. Walt, Belfer Professor of International Affairs, John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University.

115 ' Memb>ershi p' Roster

A Alford, William P. Andrews, Michael A. Avedon, John F. Baldwin, Sherman Ali, Mustafa Javed Ansour, M. Michael Avery, John E. Bales, Carter F. Aaron, David L. Allaire, Paul A. Anthoine, Robert Awuah, Patrick G. Jr. Balick, Kenneth Abbot, C. Spencer Allan, Scott Anthony, John Duke Axelrod, Robert M. Baliles, Gerald L. Abbot, Charles S. Hazzard Jr.t Aossey, Nancy A. Ayers, H. Brandt Band, Laurence M. Abbott, Wilder K. Allbritton, Joe L. Apgar, David P. Ayres, Alyssa C. Bandler, Donald K. Abboud, A. Robert Allen, Jodie T. Aponte, Mari Carmen Azim, Khalid Barber, Benjamin R. Abboud, Labeeb M. Allen, Lew Jr. Appiah, Kwame Barber, Charles F. Abdelal, Rawi Allen, Richard V Anthony Barber, James Alden Abel, Elie Allen, William L. Apter, David E. B Bardel, William G. Abercrombie- Allison, Graham T. Arciniega, Tomas A. Babbitt, Bruce Barger, Teresa C. Winstanley, Allison, Richard C. Arcos, Cresencio S. Babbitt, Eileen E Barkan, Joel D. Gina Kay Almond, Michael A. Arkin, Stanley S. Babbitt, Harriet C. Barkey, Henri J. Abernethy, Robert John Alonzo, Anne L.* Armacost, Michael H. Bacon, Kenneth H. Barks-Ruggles, Erica Aboelnaga, Mona Alpern, Alan N. Armstrong, Anne L. Bacot, J. Carter Jean Abramowitz, Morton I. Alter, Jonathan H. Armstrong, C. Michael Bader, William B. Barnes, Harry G. Jr. Abrams, Elliott Alter, Karen J. Armstrong, John Baer, Donald A. Barnes, Michael D. Abshire, David M. Altman, Roger C. Alexander Jr. Baer, M. Delal Barnet, Richard J. Aburdene, Odeh F. Airman, William C. Armstrong, Lloyd Jr. Baeza, Mario L. Barnett, F. William Ackerman, Peter Altshuler, David Arnhold, Henry H. Bagley, Elizabeth Barrett, Barbara Adams, Gordon M. Alvarado, Donna Arnold, Millard W. Frawley McConnell Adams, Michael E* Maria Aron, Adam M. Bains, Leslie E. Barrett, John Adams Adams, Robert Alvarez, Jose E. Aronson, Bernard W. Baird, Charles F. Barry, Grace* McCormick Amador, Angelo I. Aronson, Jonathan Baird, Peter W.* Barry, John L. Adelman, Carol C. Ames, Oakes David Baird, Zoe Barry, Lisa B. Adelman, Kenneth L. Amos, Deborah Susan Arsht, Adrienne Baker, Howard H. Jr. Barry, Nancy M.* Adler, Allen R. Andelman, David A. Art, Robert J. Baker, James A. Ill Barry, Thomas Agnew, Harold M. Andersen, Harold W. Arthurs, Alberta Baker, John R. Corcoran Agostinelli, Robert E Anderson, Craig B. Artigiani, Carole Baker, Nancy Barshefsky, Charlene Ahearn, William Anderson, Desaix Asencio, Diego C. Kassebaum Bartholomew, Reginald Edward Anderson, Asmus, Ronald D. Baker, Pauline H. Bartlett, Joseph W. Ahn, Wood row Edward G. Ill Assousa, George E. Baker, Stewart A. Bartlett, Timothy J. Aidinoff, M. Bernard Anderson, Gloria B.* Athreya, Bama Baker, Thurbert E. Bartley Robert L. Aizenman, Nurith Anderson, John B. Atkins, Benjamin A. Bakhash, Shaul Bartok, Kirs ten Ajami, Fouad Anderson, Lisa Atkins, Betsy S.* Bakstansky, Peter Leight Albright, Madeleine K. Anderson, Mark A. Atwood, J. Brian Balaran, Paul Bartsch, David A. Alderman, Michael H. Anderson, Paul E Auer, James E. Baldwin Moody, Carol Basek, John T. Alderman, Peter B.t Anderson, Robert O. Auerbach, Stuart C. Baldwin, David A. Bash, Jeremy B. Aldrich, George H. Andreas, Dwayne O. Augustine, Norman R. Baldwin, H. Furlong Basora, Adrian A. Alexander, Margo N. Andreas, Terry Lynn Auspitz, Josiah Lee Baldwin, Robert Bass, Peter E. Alexander, Robert J. Andrews, David R. Ausubel, Jesse H. Edward Bass, Warren

116 Membership Roster

Bassolino, Francis Bensahel, Nora J. Biersteker, Thomas J. Bob, Daniel E. Brademas, John Keith Benshoof, Janet Biggs, John H. Bobbitt, Philip Chase Bradford, Zeb B. Jr. Bates, Pamela M. Benson, Lucy Wilson Bijur, Peter I. Bode, Ken A. Bradley, Bill Batkin, Alan R. Bereuter, Douglas K. Bilder, Richard B. Bodea, Andy S. Bradley, Edward R. Bator, Francis M. Bergen, Margaret Bindenagel, James D. Boelhouwer, Pieter Bradley, William L. Battaglia, Charles C. Berger, Joshua A. Binger, James Henry James Alexander Brady, Jacqueline V. Baumann, Carol Edler Berger, Marilyn Binkley, Nicholas Bogert, Carroll R. Brady, Linda Parrish Baxter, Randolph Berger, Samuel R. Burns Boggs, Michael D. Brady, Nicholas F. Bean, Frank D. Berger, Suzanne Binnendijk, Hans Bohen, Frederick M. Brady, Rose Bearg-Dyke, Nancy Bergsten, C. Fred Birdsall, Nancy Bohlen, Avis T. Brainard, S. Lael Beattie, Richard I. Berkowitz, Bruce D. Birenbaum, David E. Bohn, John A. Bramwell, Becherer, Hans W. Berman, Howard L. Birkelund, John P. Boiling, Landrum R. Elizabeth R.* Becker, Elizabeth H. Berman, Jonathan E. Birnbaum, Eugene A. Bollinger, Lee C* Branch, Daniel H. Beckler, David Z. Berman, Todd R.* Bishop, Sanford D. Jr. Bolton, John R. Branscomb, Lewis M. Bedrosian, Gregory R.* Bernard, Kenneth W. Bissell, Richard E. , George Clement Branson, Louise* Beeman, Richard E. Berndt, John E. Black, Cathleen P.* Bond, Robert D. Brauchli, Marcus W. Begel, Andrea D.t Bernstein, David Scott* Black, Joseph E. Bondurant, Amy L. Braunschvig, David Begley, Louis Bernstein, Peter W. Black, Leon D. Bonime-Blanc, Andrea Brazeal, Aurelia E. Behringer, Michael R Bernstein, Robert L. Black, Shirley Temple Bonney, J. Dennis Breck, Henry R. Beierle, Thomas C. Bernstein, Tom A. Black, Stanley Warren Booker, Salih Breed, Henry Eltinge Beim, David O. Berresford, Susan Vail Blacker, Coit D. Boot, Max Bremer, L. Paul III Beim, Nicholas F. Berrie, Scott D. Blackwell, J. Kenneth Booth, Carter Breslauer, George Belfer, Robert A. Berris, Jan Boren, David L. Blackwill, Robert D. William Bell, Burwell B. Borgen, Christopher J. Berry, Elizabeth Clay Blake, Robert O. Bresnan, John J. Bell, Gordon P. Borio, Luciana L. Bersin, Alan D. Blank, Stephen Brewer, John D. Bell, Jonathan N. Bork, Ellen Bertini, Catherine Ann Blechman, Barry M. Breyer, Chloe A. Bell, Joseph C. Boschwitz, Rudy Bertsch, Gary K. Bleier, Edward Breyer, Stephen G. Bell, Mack Bosco, David L.t Beshar, Peter J. Blendon, Robert Jay Bridgett, Sundaa A.t Bell, Peter Dexter Bose, Meena Bessie, Simon Michael Blinder, Alan S. Brigety, Reuben E. II Bell, Robert G. Bosworth, Stephen W. Bestani, Robert M. Blinken, Alan John Brimmer, Andrew F. Bell, Ruth Greenspan Botts, John C. Bestor, Theodore C. Blinken, Antony J.* Brimmer, Esther Diane Bell, Steve Bouckaert, Peter N. Berts, Richard K. Blinken, Donald Brinkley, Douglas G. Bell, Thomas D. Jr. Boufford, Jo Ivey Beutner, Austin M. Bloch, Julia Chang Britt, David V.B. Bell-Rose, Stephanie K. Bouis, Antonina W. Bewkes, Jeffrey Bloom, David A. Britt, Glenn A.* Bellamy, Carol Boulware-Miller, Kay Beyzavi, Kian Bloom, Evan T. Britton, Dennis A. Bellinger, John B. Ill Bouton, Marshall M. Bhala, Raj Bloom, Mia M.t Broad, Robin Bello, Judith H. Bovin, Denis A. Bhatia, Karan K.t Bloomberg, Michael R. Broadman, Harry G. Bencke, Matthew J. Bowen, William G. Bialer, Seweryn Bloomfield, Lincoln P. Brock, Steven V. Bender, Gerald J. Bower, Joseph Lyon Bialkin, Kenneth J. Bloomfield, Richard J. Broda, Frederick C. Benedict, Kennette M. Bower, Whitney A. Bialos, Jeffrey P. Bloomgarden, Kathy Brodsky, William J. Benjamin, Esther T. Bowie, Robert R. Bibbins, Nicole M. Brody, Christopher W. Benmosche, Robert H. Finn Bowker, David W.+ Bickford, Jewelle Brody, Kenneth D. Bennet, Douglas J. Blum, Richard C. Bowles, Erskine B. Biddle, George C. Brokaw, Tom Bennett, Andrew Blumenthal, Sidney S. Boyd, Charles Graham Biel, Eric R. Bromley, D. Allan Blumenthal, Boyer, Spencer Rt Biemann, Betsy Bronfman, Edgar M. Owen W. Michael Boylan, Delia M. Bienen, Henry S. Bronner, Ethan S.* Bennett, Christina A. Blumrosen, Alexander Bracken, Paul Bronson, Rachel Bennett, Susan J. Bierley, John C. Bernet

* Elected to membership in 2003. t Elected to five-year term membership in 2003.

117 Membership Roster

Brookins, Carole L. Burnley, James H. IV Campbell, Thomas J. Cebrowski, Arthur Cholmondeley, Brooks, Harvey Burns, Patrick Owen Campbell, William Karl Paula H.J. Brooks, Karen B. Burns, R Nicholas Cannella, Margaret Celeste, Richard F Chomiak, Theodora Brooks, Risa A. Burns, William F. Capehart, Jonathan Cerjan, Paul G. Bohachevskyt Brooks, Rosa Burns, William J. Cappello, Juan Carlos Cha, Victor D. Choucri, Nazli Ehrenreich Burrows, Mathew Caputo, David A. Chace, James C. Christensen, Brower, Charles N. Burt, Richard R. Caputo, Lisa M.* Chacho, Tarda Marie Aimee R.t Brown, Alice L. Burton, Daniel F. Jr. Carbonell, Nestor T. Chadda, Maya Christensen, Brown, Bartram S. Bush, Robert C Jr. Carey, Hugh L. Challenor, Herschelle S. Guillermo Santiago* Brown, C. Michael Bushner, Rolland H. Carey, John Chambers, Anne Cox Christensen, Thomas J. Brown, Carroll Bussey, John C. Carey, Sarah C. Chamoun, Walid Chris tianson, Brown, Frederic J. Butler, Samuel C. Carlos, Manuel Luis Georges Geryld B. Brown, Gwendolyn A. Butler, William J. Carlson, Scott A. Chan, Gerald L. Christie, Ronald Irvin Brown, Harold Buultjens, Ralph Carlucci, Frank C. Chan, Ronnie C. Christman, Daniel Brown, Kathleen Buxbaum, Richard M. Carmel, David A.t Chang, David C. William Brown, L. Carl Buyske, Gail Carmichael, Chang, Gareth C.C. Christopher, Warren Brown, Lester R. Byman, Daniel L. William D. Chang, Joyce Churchill, Buntzie Ellis Brown, Michael E. Byrne, Patrick M. Carnesale, Albert Chang, Juju Cilluffo, Frank Brown, Phoebe W. Carothers, Thomas Chanin, Clifford Cimbalo, Jeffrey L. Brown, Richard P. Jr. Carpenter, Ted Galen Chanis, Jonathan A. Cirincione, Joseph Browne, Robert S. Carr, John W. Chao, Elaine L. Clapp, Priscilla A. Browning, David S. Cabot, Louis W Carrington, Walter C Chapman, Margaret Clarida, Richard H. Bruce, Judith Cabranes, Jose A. Carroll, J. Speed Holt Clark, Dick Bruemmer, Russell J. Caceres, Diane Alleva Carroll, Katherine Charles, Cory Clark, J. H. Cullum Bryan, Greyson L. Caesar, Camille M. Mooneyt Charles, Robert Bruce Clark, Mark Edmond* Bryant, Michael E. Cagle, Martha E.t Carruth, Reba Anne Charnovitz, Steve Clark, Noreen M. Bryant, Ralph C. Cahill, Kevin M. Carson, Charles Charpie, Robert A. Clark, Vernon E. Bryson, John E. Cahn, Anne Hessing William Jr. Chartener, Robert Clark, Wesley K. Brzezinski, Mark R* Calabia, Dawn T. Carswell, Robert Chase, Anthony R. Clark, William Jr. Brzezinski, Zbigniew Calabia, Carter, Ashton B. Chatterjee, Purnendu Clarke, Donald C. Buchman, Mark E. F. Christophert Carter, Barry E. Chaves, Robert J. Clarke, Jack G. Buckberg, Elainet Calabresi, Massimo Carter, Hodding III Chavez, Linda Clarke, Teresa Hillary Buckley, William F. Jr. Calder, Kent Eyring Carter, James Earl Chavira, Ricardo Clarkson, Lawrence W. Bueno de Mesquita, Caldera, Louis E. Carter, James H. Chayes, Antonia Claussen, Eileen B. Clement, Peter A. Bruce Caldwell, Dan Carter, Mark Andrew Handler Clemetson, Lynette Buergenthal, Thomas Caldwell, Philip Carter, Marshall Checki, Terrence J. Cleveland, Harlan Bugliarello, George Califano, Joseph A. Jr. Nichols Cheever, Daniel S. Cleveland, Peter Bullock, Mary Brown Calingaert, Daniel Casebeer, William Chen, John S.* Bumpas, Stuart Callaghy, Thomas M. Davidt Chen, Kimball C. Matthews Maryman Callander, Robert J. Casper, Gerhard Chenault, Kenneth I. Clifford, Donald K. Jr. Bunzel, Jeffrey H. Callen, Michael A. Cassel, Cheney, Richard B. Cline, William R. Burand, Deborah K. Calleo, David Patrick Douglass W. Jr.* Cheney, Stephen A. dinger, William F. Jr. Burck, William A. Camner, Danielle D. Cattarulla, Elliot R. Cherian, Saj Clinton, William Burgess, Geoffrey P. Campbell, Carolyn Catto, Henry E. Cherry, Pedro P. Jefferson Burgess, John A. Margaret* Caufield, Frank J. Cheston, Sheila C. Cloherty, Patricia M. Burke, James E. Campbell, Colin G. Caulfield, Matthew P. Chickering, Cloonan, Edward T. Burkhalter, Holly J. Campbell, David Cavanagh, Richard A. Lawrence Clough, Michael Burn, Christopher J. Arthurt Edward Choi, Audrey* Coatsworth, John H. Burnett, Christina Campbell, E Gregory Cavanaugh, Carey Choi, Stephen J. Cobb, Charles E. Jr. Duffy Campbell, Kurt M. Cave, Ray Charles Chollet, Derek H* Cobb, Sue M.

118 Membership Roster

Cobb, Tyrus W. Conners Petersen, Creekmore, Dady, Teresa Gail de Janosi, Peter E. Cochran, Barbara S. Leila Anne Marion V. Jr. Dahm, Evelyn Pt de la Garza, Cochran, Molly M. Connolly, Gerald E. Crichton, Kyle Dailey, Brian D. Rodolfo O. Coffey, C. Shelby III Connor, John T. Jr. Crile, George III Dale, Helle de Menil, George Coffey, Joseph I. Considine, Jill M. Crippen, Dan L. Dale, William B. de Menil, Joy A. Coffman, Vance Constable, Pamela Crittenden, Ann Daley, William M. de Menil, Lois Pattison Cohen, Abby Joseph Conway, Jill Crocker, Bathsheba N. Dallara, Charles H. de Rothschild, Lynn Cohen, Ariel Cook, Frances D. Crocker, Chester A. Dailey, George Albert Forester Cohen, Benjamin J. Cook, Gary M. Cromwell, Adelaide Dallmeyer, Dorinda G. de Swaan, Cohen, Betsy Cooke, Goodwin McGuinn Dalton, James E. Jean-Christophe Cohen, Eliot A. Cooke, John F. Cross, Devon G. Dam, Kenneth W. de Vries, Rimmer Cohen, Herman J. Cooley, Alexander A.t Cross, June V. Dam, Marcia Wachs Deagle, Edwin A. Jr. Cohen, Jerome Alan Coombe, George Cross, Mary S.* Damrosch, Lori Fisler Dean, Jonathan Cohen, Joel E. William Jr. Cross, Sam Y. Dancy, John A.G. Dean, Robert W. Cohen, Paul H. Coombs, Philip H. Cross, Theodore Danforth, William H. Dear, Alice M. Cohen, Richard M. Coon, Jane Abell Crossette, Barbara Daniel, D. Ronald Debevoise, Eli Cohen, Roberta Jane Cooney, Joan Ganz Crowe, William J. Daniel, Donald C.F. Whitney II Cohen, Stephen Bruce Cooper, Charles A. Crowley, Monica Danin, Robert M. Debs, Barbara Cohen, Stephen F. Cooper, Chester L. Elizabeth Danner, Mark D. Knowles Cohen, Stephen S. Cooper, James H.S. Crown, Lester DaSilva, Russell J. Debs, Richard A. Cohen, Warren I. Cooper, John Cruise, Daniel Lester David, Jack DeBusk, F. Amanda Cohen, William S. Davidson, Ralph K. Milton Jr. Crystal, Lester M. DeCrane, Alfred C. Jr. Colagiuri, Elizabeth L. Davidson, Ralph Cooper, Kathleen B. Cullum, Lee Decyk, Roxanne J. Colby, Jonathan E. Cooper, Kerry Cumming, Alfred* Parsons Dedrick, Fred T. Cole, Johnnetta B. Cooper, Laura K.t Cumming, Davis, Christina L.t Deffenbaugh, Cole, Jonathan R.* Cooper, Richard N. Christine M. Davis, Evan A. Ralston H. Jr. Cole, Samuel A. Cooper, Scott A. Cuneo, Donald Davis, Florence A.* DeGioia, John J.* Cole, Thomas Corbet, Kathleen A. Cunningham, James B. Davis, Jacquelyn K. Deibel, Terry L. Winston Jr. Cornelius, Wayne A. Cunningham, Davis, Jerome del Olmo, Frank Coleman, Isobel Cornell, Henry Nelson W. Davis, Kathryn W. Phillip Coleman, Lewis W. Cott, Suzanne Curley, Walter J.P. Jr. Davis, Kim Gordon Del Rosso, Stephen J. Coleman, Cotter, William R. Curran, R.T. Davis, Lynn E. Demeo, Marisa J. William T. Jr. Courtney, William H. Currie, Kelley E.t Davis, Nathaniel Deming, Rust Coles, Julius E. Cousens, Elizabeth M.* Curtis, Charles B. Davison, Kristina Macpherson Coll, Alberto R. Covey, Jock Curtis, Gerald L. Perkin Denham, Robert E. Collins, Joseph J. Cowal, Sally Grooms Cutler, Lloyd N. Davison, W. Phillips Denison, Robert J. Collins, Mark M. Jr. Cowan, Geoffrey Cutler, Walter L. Dawisha, Karen Lea Dennis, Everette E. Comstock, Philip E. Jr. Cowan, L. Gray Cutshaw, Kenneth A. Dawkins, Peter M. Denny, Brewster C. Conaton, Erin C. Cowhey, Peter F. Cutter, Ana Grier Dawson Carr, Denoon, David B.H. Concepcion, Gina Cox, Edward F. Cutter, W. Bowman Marion M. Denton, Hazel Celcis Cox, Howard E. Jr. Cyr, Arthur I. Dawson, Christine L. Denton, James S. Conde, Cesar R.t Crahan, Margaret E. Dawson, Horace G. Jr. DePoy, Phil E. Condit, Philip M. Craner, Lome W. Day, Arthur R. Dergham, Raghida Cone, Sydney M. Ill Crawford, John F. D Days, Drew Deri, Christopher Crawford, Timothy W. Conley, Dalton D'Amato, Alfonse M. Saunders III Alant Crebo-Rediker, Connelly, Matthew Daalder, Ivo H. de Borchgrave, Derian, Patricia James Heidi E.* Dabelko, Geoffrey D. Arnaud Murphy

* Elected to membership in 2003. t Elected to five-year term membership in 2003.

119 Membership Roster

Derr, Kenneth T. Donaldson, Robert H. Duncan, Charles Edwards, Tamala Estabrook, Robert H. Derrick, James V. Jr. Donaldson, William H. William Jr. Effron, Blair* Esty Daniel C. Derryck, Vivian Donatich, John E. Duncan, Graham A. Efros, Laura L. Etzioni, Amitai Lowery Donfried, Karen Erika Duncan, John C. Eggers, Thomas E. Evans, Gail H. Desai, Padma Donilon, Thomas E. Dunigan, Patrick Eichengreen, Barry J. Evans, Harold M. Desai, Rohit M. Donnellan, April Andrew Eikenberry Karl DeShazer, MacArthur Kanne Dunkerley Craig G. Eilts, Hermann DeSouza, Patrick J. Donohue, Douglas S. Dunlop, Joan B. Frederick Despres, Gina H. Donohue, Laura K.t Dunn, Kempton Einaudi, Luigi R. Fabian, Larry L. Destler, I.M. Doran, Charles F. Dunn, Lewis A. Einhorn, Jessica P. Factor, Elizabetht Deutch, John Dormandy Dunn, Michael M. Einhorn, Robert J. Factor, Mallory* Deutch, Philip J. Xenia B.M.t Dur, Philip A. Eisenbeis, Keri Fairbanks, Deutch, Shelley Dorsen, Norman Durkin, Patrick J. Eisendrath, Charles R. Charles H. Jr. DeVecchi, Robert P. Dougan, Diana Lady Dutton, Frederick G. Eisner, Michael Fairbanks, Richard Devine, C. Maury Dougherty, James P. Dworkin, Douglas A. Eizenstat, Stuart E. Fairman, David M. Devine, John J. Douglass, Loren Dyson, Esther Elden, Richard* Falco, Mathea Devine, Thomas J. Douglass, Robert R. Elder, Christine A. Falcoff, Mark DeYoung, Karen J. Dowling, John Elliott, Dorinda* Falk, Pamela S. Diamond, Michael W. Nicholas Elliott, Inger McCabe Falk, Richard A. Diaz, Charley L. Doyle, Michael W. Eagleburger, Elliott, Osborn Fallon, Robert E. Dickey, Christopher Draper, William H. HI Lawrence S. Ellis, James Reed Fallows, James Dickinson, Laura A.t Drayton, William Earle, Ralph II Ellis, Mark S. Fanton, Jonathan Dicks, Norman D. Dreier, David East, Maurice A. Ellis, Patricia Foster Dickson-Horton, Drell, Sidney D. Eastman, John Lindner Ellis, Rodney Faraon, J. Rodney Valerie L. Drew, Elizabeth Eastman, Michael R. Ellison, Keith Paty Farer, Tom J. Didion, Joan Dreyfuss, Joel Easum, Donald B. Ellsberg, Daniel Farkas, Evelyn N. Diebold, John Drezner, Daniel W. Eberhart, Ralph E. Ellsworth, Robert F. Farley, Maggie M. Diehl, Jackson K. Drimmer, Jonathan Eberle, William D. Elson, Edward E. Farmer, Thomas L. Dilenschneider, Drobnick, Richard Lee Eberstadt, Nicholas Ely, John Hart Farnsworth, Eric P. Robert L. Drozdiak, William M.* Echols, Marsha A. Ely-Raphel, Nancy Farrar, Jay C. DiMartino, Rita Drucker, Joy E. Economy, Elizabeth C* Halliday Farrar, Stephen Dimon, James Drucker, Richard A. Ecton, Donna R. Embree, Ainslie T. Prescott Dine, Thomas A. Druckerman, Pamela Eddleman, Linda Emerson, John B. Faskianos, Irina A. Dinerstein, Robert C. Druyan, Ann Hiniker Ensor, David B. Fawaz, Leila Dinkins, David N. Duberstein, Eddy, Randolph P. IIT Entwistle, L. Brooks Fazal, Tanisha M.t DiPerna, Paula Kenneth M. Edelman, Gerald M. Epstein, Barbara Feigenbaum, Evan A. Distlerath, Linda M.* Dubin, Seth H. Edelman, Marian Epstein, Jason Feinberg, Richard E. Diuk, Nadia DuBrul, Stephen M. Jr. Wright Epstein, Jeffrey Feiner, Ava S. Djerejian, Edward P. Duckenfield, David Edelman, Richard Epstein, Joshua M. Feingold, Catherine Djerejian, Gregory Adams Winston Erb, Guy F. Lynne Dobriansky Paula J. Duelfer, Charles A. Edelstein, Julius C.C. Erb, Richard D. Feinstein, Dianne* Doctoroff, Daniel L. Duersten, Althea L. Edington, Mark DW. Erbsen, Claude E. Feinstein, Lee Dodd, Christopher J. Duffey Joseph D. Edley Christopher Jr. Erburu, Robert F. Feissel, Gustave Doebele, Justin W. Duffie, David A. Edwards, Ercklentz, Alexander T Feist, Samuel H. Doerge, David J. Duffy Gloria George C. IH Erdmann, Feith, Douglas J. Doherty William C. Charmian Edwards, Howard Andrew P.N.* Feldman, Daniel F. Doi, Ayako Duffy, James H. Edwards, Mickey Erskine, Matthew S.t Feldman, Mark B. Doley Harold E. Jr. Duke, Robin Chandler Edwards, Robert H. Esfandiari, Haleh Feldman, Noah R. Dominguez, Jorge I. Dulany Peggy Edwards, Eskin, Blake D.t Feldman, Sandra Donahue, Thomas R. Dunbar, Charles F. Robert H. Jr.* Esserman, Susan G. Feldstein, Martin S.

120 Membership Roster

Fenzel, Michael R. Fisk, Daniel W. Fourquet, Jose A.* Friedman, Jordana D. Ganoe, Charles S. Ferguson, Charles H. Fitchett, Mercedes Fowler, Jeffrey L.* Friedman, Stephen Gantcher, Nathan Ferguson, James L. Carmela Fowler, Wyche Jr. Friedman, Stephen J. Garcia, Marlen Ferguson, Tim W.* Fitts, Sarah A.W.* Fox, Daniel M. Friedman, Thomas L. Garcia-Passalacqua, Ferlic, Suzanne R. Fitz-Pegado, Lauri J. Fox, Donald T Frieman, Wendy JuanM. Fernandes, Anthony C. FitzGerald, Frances Fox, Eleanor M. Friend, Theodore W Gard, Robert G. Fernandez, Jose W. Fitzgibbons, Harold E. Fox, Joseph Carrere Frist, William H. Gardels, Nathan P. Ferrari, Frank E. Flaherty, Pamela Fraga Neto, Arminio Froman, Michael B.G. Gardner, Anthony Ferraro, Geraldine A. Flaherty, Peter Franck, Thomas M. Fromkin, David Laurence Ferrazzi, Keith Flake, L. Gordon Francke, Albert Fromm, Joseph Gardner, James A. Edward Flanagan, Peter L. Frank, Andrew D. Frost, Ellen L. Gardner, Nina Ferre, Antonio Luis Flanagan, Stephen J. Frank, Barney Fry, Earl H. Luzzatto Ferre, Helen Aguirre Flanders, Stephanie Frank, Brian L. Frye, Alton Gardner, Richard N. Ferre, Maurice A. Flanigan, Peter M. Frank, Charles R. Jr. Fudge, Ann M. Garment, Leonard Fesharaki, Fereidun Fleischmann, Alan H. Frank, Isaiah Fuerth, Leon S. Garment, Suzanne R. Fessenden, Hart Flom, Joseph H* Frank, Richard A. Fukushima, Glen S. Garnett, Sherman Fessenden, Helent Flournoy, Michele A. Frankel, Francine R. Fukuyama, Francis Garrett, Johnsont Fiedler, Jeffrey L. Flynn, George J. Frankel, Jeffrey A. Fuld, Richard S. Jr. Gart, Murray J. Fields, Bertram H. Flynn, Stephen E. Franklin, Barbara Fuller, Jacquelline Garten, Jeffrey E. Fields, Craig I. Fn'Piere, Patrick John Hackman Cobbt Garthoff, Raymond L. Fife, Eugene V. Foege, William H. Franklin, William Fuller, Kathryn S. Garwin, Richard L. Fifield, Russell Hunt Fogleman, Ronald R. Emery Fuller, William P. Gaston, Patricia E. Figueroa Kupcu, Foglesong, Robert H. Frazier, Kenneth C. Fung, Mark T. Gates, Henry Louis Jr. Maria C. Foley, S.R. Jr. Frazier, Myra M. Fung, Victor K. Gates, Philomene A. Filippone, Desiree Foley, Thomas S. Fredericks, Wayne Furlaud, Richard M. Gates, Robert M. Folsom, George A. Genevat Fredman, Jonathan M. Furman, Gail Gati, Charles Fonts, Carlos E. Filippone, Robert J. Freeman, Bennett Futter, Ellen V. Gati, Toby Trister Foote, Edward T. II Finberg, Barbara D. Freeman, Constance J. Gaudiani, Claire L. Foote, William Findakly, Hani K. Freeman, Harry L. Cause, F. Gregory III Finel, Bernard I. Fulbright Freidheim, Cyrus F. Gavin, Michelle D.+ Finger, Seymour Ford, Gerald R. Freidheim, Stephen C. Gaddis, John Lewis Gay, Catherine Maxwell Ford, Paul B. Jr. Freimuth, Ladeene A. Gadiesh, Orit B. Gayle, Helene D. Finkelstein, Fore, Henrietta Frelinghuysen, Gadsden, Amy Epstein Gedmin, Jeffrey Geertz, Clifford Lawrence S. Holsman Peter H.B. Gaer, Felice D. Geier, Philip O. Finley, Sonya L. Forman, Shepard L. Frey, Donald N. Gaines, James R. Geithner, Peter F. Finn, Edwin A. Jr. Forrest, Michelle R. Freyer, Dana H.* Galbraith, Evan G. Geithner, Timothy F. Finnemore, Martha Forrester, Jason Freytag, Richard A. Galbraith, Peter W Gelb, Amos Finney, Paul B. William Fribourg, Paul J. Gallagher, Dennis Gelb, Bruce S. Firestone, Charles M. Forstmann, Fried, Edward R. Gallagher, Lacey Gelb, Leslie H. Firmage, Edwin B. Theodore J. Friedberg, Aaron Louis Wingham* Gelb, Richard L. Fischbach, Gerald D.* Forsythe, Rosemarie Friedman, Alexander Gallucci, Robert L. Gell-Mann, Murray Fischer, Stanley Fortna, V. Page Stephen Galper, Joshua P. Gellert, Michael E. Fisher, Julie Ann* Fosler, Gail D. Friedman, Bart Galvis, Sandra Gellman, Barton Fisher, Peter R. Foss, Michelle Michot* Friedman, Galvis, Sergio J. Gelpern, Anna Fisher, Richard W. Foster, Brenda Lei Benjamin M. Ganguly, Sumit George, John M. Fisher, Roger Foster, Charles C. Friedman, Elisabeth J. Gann, Pamela B. George, Robert P.* Fishlow, Albert Foster, Richard N. Friedman, Fredrica S. Gannon, John C.

* Elected to membership in 2003. t Elected to five-year term membership in 2003.

121 Membership Roster

Georgescu, Peter Globerman, Norma Goodman, Sherri W. Greenberg, Karen J. Gwertzman, Andrew Glover Weiss, Juleanna Goodpaster, Andrew J. Greenberg, Lawrence Bernard M. Gephardt, Richard A. Rutht Gordon, Albert H. Scott* Gwin, Catherine Gerber, Burton L. Gluck, Carol Gordon, John A. Greenberg, Lisa Gerber, Louis Gluck, Frederick W. Gordon, Lincoln Greenberg, Maurice R. Gergen, David R. Glueck, Jeffrey Scott Gordon, Michael R. Greenberg, Sanford D. H Gerhart, Gail M. Godchaux, Frank A. HI Gordon, Philip H. Greenberger, Robert Ha, Joseph M. Germain, Adrienne Goeltz, Richard K. Gordon-Reed, Stephen Haaland, Lynn E. Gerschel, Patrick A. Goheen, Robert E Annette Greene, Joseph N. Jr. Haas, Mimi L. Gershman, Carl Goins, Charlynn Gorelick, Jamie S. Greene, Margaret L. Haas, Peter E. Samuel Goldberg, Michael E. Gorman, Joseph T. Greene, Michelle D.+ Haas, Robert D. Gerson, Allan Goldberg, Ronnie L. Goss, Porter J. Greene, Wade Haass, Richard N. Gerson, Elliot F. Goldberger, Bruce N. Gotbaum, Victor Greenfield, James L. Habsburg, Inmaculada Gerson, Ralph J. Goldberger, Marvin L. Gottemoeller, Rose E. Greenspan, Alan Hachigian, Nina L. Gerstner, Louis V. Jr. Golden, James R. Gottfried, Kurt Greenwald, G. Hackett, Craig D. Getler, Michael Golden, William T. Gottlieb, Gidon A.G. Jonathan Haddad, Yvonne Gewirtz, Paul David Golden-Vazquez, Gottlieb, Stuart Greenway, Hugh D.S. Yazbeck Geyelin, Philip L. Abigailt Gottsegen, Peter M. Gregg, Donald P. Hadley Stephen J. Geyer, Georgie Anne Goldgeier, James M. Gould, Peter G. Gregorian, Vartan Hafner, Joseph A. Jr. Gfoeller, Joachim Jr. Goldin, Harrison J. Gourevitch, Peter A. Gregson, Wallace C. Jr. Hagel, Chuck Gfoeller, Michael Goldin, Matthew N. Gourevitch, Philip D.* Greve, Louisa Coan Hagen, Katherine A. Gfoeller, Tatiana C. Goldman, Charles N. Grace, Lola Griego, Linda Haggard, Stephan Ghiglione, Loren Goldman, Guido Nashashibi* Griffiths, Phillip A. Hahn, Keith D. Gholz, Charles Goldman, Marshall I. Graff, Henry Franklin Grikscheit, Alyssa A. Haig, Alexander M. Jr. Eugenet Goldman, Merle D. Graff, Robert D. Grimes, Joseph Hailston, Earl B.* Giacomo, Carol Ann Goldmark, Peter C. Jr. Graham, Bob Anthony Jr. Hajari, Nisid J.t Gibbons, John Howard Goldschmidt, Neil Graham, Carol Lee Grissom, Janet Hakakian, Roya Gibney, Frank B. Goldsmith, Barbara Graham, Thomas Jr. Mullins Hakim, Peter Giffen, James Henry Goldsmith, Jack Graham, Thomas W Grondine, Robert E Halaby Najeeb E. Giffin, Gordon D. Landman III Grand, Stephen R. Grose, Peter Hale, David D. Gilbert, Jackson B. Goldsmith, Robert S. Granoff, Michael D. Gross, Martin J. Hall, C. Barrows Gilbert, Steven J. Goldstein, Gordon Grant, Stephen A. Gross, Patrick W. Hall, John P. Gill, Bates Goldstein, Jeffrey A. Graubard, Stephen Grove, Brandon H. Jr. Hall, Kathryn Walt , Michael James Goldstein, Morris Richards Grove, Paul C. Hall-Martinez, Gilmore, James S. Ill Goldwyn, David L. Graves, Howard D. Groves, Ray J. Katherine C. Gilmore, Kenneth O. Golob, Paul D. Gray, Hanna Holborn Grunwald, Henry A. HaUe, Claus M. Gilmore, Richard Golob, Stephanie Ruth Greathead, R. Scott Guerra-Mondragon, Hallingby Paul Jr. Gilpin, Robert G Jr. Gomory Ralph E. Greco, Richard Jr. Gabriel Halper, James D.* Gingrich, Newton L. Gompert, David C. Green, Carl J. Guilmartin, Halperin, David R. Ginsberg, Gary L.* Gonzalez, Nelson Green, Ernest G. Eugenia K.t Halperin, Morton H. Ginsberg, Marc Ricardo Green, Jerrold D. Gund, Agnes Halstead, Ted Charles Goodby, James E. Green, Michael J. Gundlach, Andrew S.* Halsted, Thomas A. Ginsburg, David Goodman, Allan E. Green, Shane Gupta, Sanjay K. Halted, Michael H. Ginsburg, Jane C. Goodman, Andrea Greenawalt, Alexander Gupte, Pranay , David A. Ginsburg, Ruth Bader Pierce Kent Anton Gustavson, Celine Hamburg, Margaret Ginsburg, Thomas B. Goodman, Greenberg, Arthur N. Stephanie Ann Glaser, Bonnie S. George J.W. Greenberg, David Gutfreund, John H. Hamel, Michael A.* Glauber, Robert R. Goodman, Herbert I. Greenberg, Evan G. Guth, John H.J. Hamilton, Ann O. Glennon, Michael J.* Goodman, John B. Greenberg, Glenn H. Guthman, Edwin O. Hamilton, Charles V. Gleysteen, Peter Goodman, Roy M. Greenberg, Jeffrey W Gvosdev, Nikolas K.t Hamilton, Daniel

122 Membership Roster

Hamilton, Edward K. Hart, Todd Heineman, Herz, Barbara Hoehn, Andrew R. Hamilton, Hugh Christopher Benjamin W. Jr. Herzfeld, Charles M. Hoehn, William E. Jr. Gerard Jr. Hartley, Jane D. Heineman, Melvin L. Herzstein, Robert E. Hoenlein, Malcolm I. Hamilton, Lee H. Hartman, Arthur A. Heintz, Stephen B. Hesburgh, Hoffman, A. Michael Hamilton, Ruth Hartzell, Jon K. Heintzen, Harry Theodore M. Hoffman, Adonis E. Simms Haseltine, William Leonard Hess, John B. Hoffman, Auren Hammonds, D. Holly Alan* Heinz, Teresa Hessler, Curtis A. Hoffman, Bruce Hamre, John J. Haskell, John HE Jr. Hejlik, Dennis J. Hewlett, Sylvia Ann Hoffmann, Stanley Hanauer, Larry Hatfield, Robert S. Helander, Robert C. Hiatt, Fred Hofman, Steven I. Hancock, Ellen Hathaway, Robert M. Heldring, Frederick Hicks, Irvin Hogan, Jeffrey N.* Hand, Lloyd N.* Hatheway, Gina Heleniak, David W Hicks, John F. Sr. Hoge, James E Jr. Hand, Scott M. Marie L. Heifer, Ricki Tigert Hicks, Peggy L. Hoge, Warren M. Handelman, Stephen Hauge, John Resor Helgerson, John L.* Hidary, Jack D.t Hoguet, George Hansell, Herbert J. Hauser, Rita E. Heller, Richard M. Higginbofham, Roberts Hansen, Carol Rae Hauser, William Locke Hellman, F. Warren F. Michael Hoinkes, Mary Hanson, Carl Thor Havell, Theresa A. Hellmann, Donald Higgins, Heather Elizabeth Hantz, Giselle P. Hawkins, Ashton Charles Richardson Holbrooke, Richard C. Hantzopoulos, Evie Hawley, F. William Helm, Robert W. Higgins, Robert F. Holden, John L. Harari, Maurice Hawthorne, Amy W.t Helman, Robert A. Higgins, Tracy E. Holdren, John P. Hardin, Edward J. Hawthorne, Steronica Helprin, Mark Hight, B. Boyd Holgate, Laura S.H.* Hardin, Katherine Dunston Helton, Arthur C. Hightower, Edward T. Hollick, Ann Lorraine Andersont Hayden, Michael V* Hendrickson, David C. Hill, Fiona* Holliday, Stuart W. Harding, Deborah A. Hayek, Alexandre P. Henkin, Alice H. Hill, J. Tomilson Hollifield, James Frank Harding, Harry Hayes, Margaret Daly Henkin, Louis Hill, James T. Hollis, Duncan Bakert Hardt, John P. Hayes, Rita Derrick Hennessy, John M. Hill, Pamela Holloway, Dwight F. Jr. Hargrove, John Haynes, Fred Henninger, Daniel P. Hill, Raymond D. Holmer, Alan F. Lawrence Haynes, Lukas Henrikson, Alan K. Hillen, John Holmes, Henry Allen Harman, Jane Harrison Henry, Nancy L. Hillenbrand, Martin J. Holmes, Kim R. Harman, Sidney Haynes, Ulric Hentges, Harriet Hillgren, Sonja Holmes, Stephen T. Harmon, James A. Hayward, Thomas B. Herberger, Roy A. Jr. Hills, Carla A. Hoist, Eric Allan Harms, Blaire M. Heald, Lisa W.t Hermann, Charles F. Hilton, Robert P. Holt, Pat M. Harpel, James W. Healy, Harold H. Jr. Hernandez Colon, Hinerfeld, Ruth Holum, John D. Harper, Conrad K. Heck, Charles B. Rafael Hines, Rachel Hooker, Richard D. Jr. Harrington, Hecker, Siegfried S. Hernandez, Antonia Hinton, Deane R. Hoopes, Townsend W Maureen A.t Hedges, Christopher Hernandez, Hirsch, John L. Hope, Judith Richards Harris, David A. Lynn* Ernesto P. lilt Hirsh, Michael P. Hope, Richard O. Harris, Jay T. Hedstrom, Mitchell W Herrnstadt, Owen Hitz, Frederick P.* Horelick, Arnold L. Horlick, Gary N. Harris, Joseph E. Heep-Richter, Edward Hoagland, Jim Hormats, Robert D. Harris, Katherine Barbara D. Herskovits, Jean Hoar, Joseph Paul Horn, Karen N. Harris, Martha Heer, Paul Hersman, Hobart, Matthew Todd Hobbs Miracky, Horn, Sally K. Caldwell Heginbotham, Rebecca K.C. Horner, Matina Harrison, Hope M. Stanley J. Herspring, Dale R. Tammany D. Harrison, Selig S. Hehir, J. Bryan Herter, Christian A. Jr. Hobson, H. Lee Souretis Harrison, Hermann, John G. Herter, Frederic P. Hobson, Mellodyt Hornik, Richard H. William B. Jr. Heimbold, Hertog, Roger Hoch, Frank W. Horowitz, Irving Hart, Brett J. Charles A. Jr. Hertzberg, Arthur Hodin, Michael W Louis Hart, Gary Heimowitz, James B. Hertzberg, Hendrik Hoeber, Amoretta M. Horton, Alan W

* Elected to membership in 2003. t Elected to five-year term membership in 2003.

123 Membership Roster

Horton, Robert Scott Huntington, Patricia Johnson, Robbin S. Kaiser, Philip M. Hosmer, Bradley C. Skinner Johnson, Robert H. Kaiser, Robert G. Hoston, Germaine A. Huntington, Samuel Jabber, Paul Johnson, Robert W IV Kalathil, Shanthi A. Hottelet, Richard C. Phillips Jackelen, Henry Johnson, Scott S. Kalb, Bernard Houghton, Amory Jr. Hurd, Joseph Jacklin, Nancy P. Johnson, Thomas S. Kalb, Marvin Houghton, James R. Kindall HIT Jackson, Bruce P. Johnson, Willene A. Kalicki, Jan H. Houlihan, Kathleen Hurewitz, J.C. Jackson, Jesse L. Sr. Johnson, Wyatt Kamarck, Andrew House, Karen Elliott Hurlock, James B. Jackson, John Howard Thomas Martin Howard, A.E. Dick Hurlock, Matthew Jackson, Lois M. Jones, Alan Kent Kamarck, Elaine C. Howard, Christopher Hunter Jackson, Sarah Jones, Anita K. Kaminsky, Howard Bernard Hurst, Robert J. Jackson, Shirley Ann* Jones, Benjamin Felt Kampelman, Max M. Howard, John R. Hurwitz, Sol Jacob, John E. Jones, David C. Kamsky, Virginia Ann Howard, Lyndsay C. Hutchings, Robert L. Jacobs, Eli S. Jones, David L. Kanak, Donald P. Howard, Hutchins, Glenn H. Jacobs, Jack H. Jones, James L. Kanet, Roger E. M. William Jr. Huyck, Philip M. Jacobs, Nehama Jones, James R. Kang, C. S. Eliot Howell, Ernest M. Hyatt, Joel Z. Jacobson, Jerome Jones, Jeffrey B. Kang, Richard S. Howson, Nicholas C. Hyland, William G. Jacobson, Mark R. Jones, Kali Kann, Peter R. Hoyt, Mont P. Hyman, Allen I. Jacoby, Tamar Chantelle Kansteiner, Hrynkow, Sharon H. Jaffe, Amy Myers Jones, Kerri-Ann Walter H. 111 Hsu, Ta-Lin Janes, David P.t Jones, Nigel W. Kanter, Arnold Htun, Mala N. I Janes, Jackson Jones, Sidney R. Kanter, Rosabeth Moss Huber, Richard L. Ibargiien, Alberto Janis, Mark Weston Jones, Thomas V. Kantor, Mickey Huberman, Benjamin Ignatius, David R. Janklow, Morton L. Jones, Thomas W Kaplan, Eloise D.t Hudson, Ijaz, Mansoor Janow, Merit E. Joost, Peter Martin Kaplan, Gilbert E. Manley O. Jr. Ikenberry G. John Jaquette, Jane S. Jordan, Amos A. Kaplan, Helene L. Hudson, Michael C. Ikle, Fred C. Jarvis, Nancy A. Jordan, Eason T. Kaplan, Jeffrey A. Huebner, Lee W. Ilchman, Alice Stone Jastrow, Robert Jordan, Vernon E. Jr. Kaplan, Joelt Huey, John W. Jr.* Immergut, Mel M. Jebb, Cindy R* Joseph, Geri M. Kaplan, Mark N. Hufbauer, Gary C. Inderfurth, Karl F. Jenkins, Bonnie D. Joseph, James A. Kaplan, Stephen S. Huffington, Roy M. indyk, Martin S. Jenkins, Jennifer Joseph, Jofi Johnt Kapnick, Scott Hughes, Duane L. Ingersoll, Robert S. Cecelia Joseph, Richard A. Bancroft* Hughes, Lynn N. Inman, Bobby R. Jervis, Robert Josephson, William Kapp, Robert A. Hughes, Lyric M. Intriligator, Michael D. Jessup, Alpheus W. Joyce, John T. Kapstein, Ethan B. Hughes, R. John Irish, Leon E. Jessup, Philip C. Jr. Juhasz, Christina S. Karabell, Zachary Hughes, Thomas Irvin, Patricia L. Jeter, Howard F. Jumper, John P. Karalekas, Anne Lowe Irwin, David Wallace Jillson, Calvin C. Junz, Helen B. Karamanian, Susan L. Huizenga, John W. Isaacs, Maxine Joffe, Robert D. Juster, Kenneth I. Karatnycky, Adrian Hulsman, John C* Isaacson, Walter S. Johns, Lionel Jutkowitz, Karatz, Bruce E. Hultman, Tamela Isaza-Tuzman, Skipwith Alexander S. Karis, Thomas G. Hultquist, Timothy A. Kaleil D. Johnson Ward, Karl, Terry Lynn Hume, Cameron R. Iselin, John Jay L. Celeste Karnow, Stanley Hume, Ellen H. Isenberg, Steven L. Johnson, Howard W. K Karns, Margaret P. Hunker, Jeffrey A. Isham, Christopher Johnson, James A. Kadel, Eric John Jr. Kartman, Charles Hunt, Swanee Isles, Adam R. Johnson, James E. Kaden, Lewis B. Kasdin, Robert Hunter, Robert E. Ispahani, Mahnaz Johnson, Jay L. Kadlec, Robert P. Kass, Stephen L. Hunter, Shireen T. Isser, Deborah H. Johnson, Jeh Charles Kagan, Donald Kassalow, Jordan S. Hunter, William Curt Istel, Yves-And re Johnson, Karen H. Kagan, Robert W. Kassof, Allen H. Hunter-Gault, Itoh, William H. Johnson, L. Oakley Kahan, Jerome H. Kassoy, Andrew R. Kathwari, Farooq Charlayne Ivester, M. Douglas Johnson, Larry D. Kahler, Miles Katulis, Brian M. Huntington, David S. Izlar, William H. Jr. Johnson, Nancie S. Kahn, Thomas S.

124 Membership Roster

Katz, Abraham Keohane, Nannerl O. Kline, Roger C. Krauss, Clifford Ladner, Drew J. Katz, Daniel Roger Keohane, Robert O. Klotz, Frank G. Krauthammer, Ladner, Joyce A. Katz, Sherman E. Kern, Paul J. Klurfeld, James M. Charles LaFleur, Vinca* Katz, Stanley N. Kerr, Ann Zwicker Knell, Gary E. Kravis, Henry R. Lagomasino, Maria Katzenstein, Peter J. Kerrey, Bob Knight, Edward S. Krawchuk, Fred T. Jr. Elena* Kaufman, Daniel J. Kerry, John F. Knight, Jessie J. Jr. Kreek, Mary Jeanne Lagon, Mark P. Kaufman, Henry Kerry, Peggy Knight, Robert Krens, Thomas Laipson, Ellen Kaufman, Robert R. Kessler, Martha Neff Huntington Krepinevich, Lake, David A. Kaufmann, William W. Kester, W. Carl Knowlton, William Andrew F. Lall, Betty Goetz Kay, Kira Khalidi, Rashid I. Allen Krepon, Michael Lamb, Denis Kaye, Charles R.* Khalilzad, Zalmay M. Knudsen, Christine M. Kriegel, Jay L. Lambeth, Benjamin S. Kaye, Dalia Dassa Khemlani, Neeraj L. Koch, Jennie M. Krikorian, Victoria Lamont, Lansing Kaysen, Carl Khosrowshahi, Kogan, Richard Jay Reznik Lampton, David M. Kayyem, Juliette N. Cameron Kamrant Kohut, Andrew Krisher, Bernard Lancaster, Carol J. Kazemi, Farhad Khuri, Nicola N Kojac, Jeffrey Stanley Kristof, Nicholas D.* Landau, George W. Kea, Charlotte G. Kiermaier, John W. Kolb, Charles E.M. Kristoff, Sandra J. Lande, Jim Alfred Kean, Thomas H. Kiley, Robert R. Kolbe, Jim Kristol, Irving Landers, James M. Keel, Alton G. Jr. Kim, Andrew B. Kolodziej, Edward A. Kronman, Anthony Landis, Lauren R. Keene, Lonnie S. Kim, Hanya Marie Kolt, George Townsend Lane, Charles M. Keeny, Spurgeon M. Jr. Kim,Sukhan Koltai, Steven R. Krueger, Anne O. Lane, David J. Kelleher, Catherine M. Kimmitt, Robert M. Komisar, Lucy Krueger, Harvey Laney, James T. Kellen, Stephen M. Kimsey, James V. Kondracke, Morton Krulak, Charles Langlois, John D. Keller, Edmond J. Kinane, William P.* Koonin, Steven E. Chandler Langlois, Robert J. Keller, Kenneth H. King, Henry L. Korb, Lawrence J. Ku, Charlotte LaPalombara, Joseph Kellerman, Barbara L. King, John A. Jr. Korbonski, Andrzej Kubarych, Roger M. Lapham, Lewis H. Kelley, Paul X. King, Kay Kormos, Cyril Frederic Kubisch, Jack B. Lapham, Nicholas Kellner, Peter King, Robert R. Korn, Jessica Kuenstner, Nancy Jo Payne Bicknell King, Susan Robinson* Kornblum, John C. Kull, Steven G. Lapidus, Gail W. Kellogg, David Kipper, Judith Kostiw, Michael Kumar, Nishat Lardy, Nicholas R. Kelly, Arthur L. Kirkland, Richard I. Vincent Kumar-Sinha, Punita Larrabee, F. Stephen Kelly, James P. Kirkpatrick, Jeane J. Kotecha, Mahesh K. Kuniholm, Bruce Larsen, Randall J.* Kelly, John H. Kirkpatrick, Kotler, Steven Robellet Larson, Charles R. Kelman, Herbert C. Melanie M. Kraar, Louis Kunstadter, Lasensky, Scott B. Kemble, Eugenia Kiser, Stephen D. Kraemer, Lillian E. Geraldine S. Lash, Jonathan Kemp, Geoffrey Kissinger, Henry A. Kramek, Robert E. Kupchan, Charles A. Lasser, Lawrence J. Kempe, Frederick S. Kittrie, Orde F* Kramer, Helen M. Kupchan, Clifford A. Lateef, Noel V. Kempner, Kizer, Karin L. Kramer, Jane Kupperman, Robert H. Lau, Edwint Maximilian W. Kladakis, Monica Kramer, Michael Kurth, James R. Lauder, Leonard A. Kendall, Donald M. Vegast Kramer, Orin S.* Kushen, Robert A. Lauder, Ronald S. Kenen, Peter B. Klasky, Helaine S. Kramer, Reed Kux, Dennis Laudicina, Paul A. Keniston, Kenneth Kleiman, Robert Kramer, Steven Philip Kwoh, Stewart Lauinger, Philip C. Jr. Kennan, Christopher J. Klein, David Kranwinkle, Laurenti, Jeffrey Kennan, Elizabeth T. Klein, Edward C. Douglas Lautenbach, Ned C. Kennan, George F. Klein, George Kranz, Thomas E Laventhol, David A. Kennedy, Caroline Klein, Jacques Paul Krasner, Stephen D. Laber, Jeri L. Lawrence, Richard D. Bouvier Klein, Joseph A. Krasno, Richard M. Ladd, Edward Lawrence, Robert Z. Kennedy, Craig Klimp, Jack Wilbur Krause, Lawrence B. Lader, Philip Lawson, Chappell H.

* Elected to membership in 2003. t Elected to five-year term membership in 2003.

125 Membership Roster

Lawson, Eugene K. Lesser, Ian O. Linowes, David F. Lowenfeld, Andreas F. Mackevich, Eileen R. Layne, Christopher Lettre, Marcel J. II Lipman, Ira A. Lowenkron, Barry F. MacLaury Bruce K. Lazarus, Shelly B. Leverett, Flynt L.* Lipper, Kenneth Lowenstein, James G. Macomber, John Lazarus, Steven Levin, Gerald M. Lipper, Tamara Lowenthal, Dewitt Leach, James A. Levin, Herbert Lippey Brian C. Abraham F. Macomber, William B. Leclerc, Paul Levin, John A. Lippman, Thomas W Lowry Glenn D.* Macy, Robert M. Jr. Lederberg, Joshua Levin, Michael Stuart Lipset, Seymour Lowry, Richard A. Madigan, John W Lederman, Gordon Levine, Irving R. Martin Loy, Frank E. Magras, Krista M. Nathaniel Levine, Marne L. Lipsitz, Rochelle J.* Loy, James Milton Maguire, John David Lee, Bryce Levine, Mel Lipsky John P. Lozano, Ignacio E. Mahoney, Margaret E. Lee, Chong-Moon Levine, Susan B. Lipsky Seth Lozano, Monica C. Mahoney Lee, Ernest S. Levinson, Marc Lissakers, Karin M. Lu, Donald Thomas H. IV Lee, Nancy Levit, Kenneth Joel Litan, Robert E. Lu, Xiaobo* Mai, Vincent A. Lee, Thea Mei Levitsky Jonathan E. Little, David Lubin, Nancy Maier, Charles S. Lee, William L. Levitt, Jeremy I. Little, Milton J. Jr. Lubman, Stanley B. Makin, John Holmes Lee-Kung, Dinah Levy, Reynold Littlefield, Lucas, C. Payne Makins, Christopher J. Leebron, David W. Lewis, Anthony Elizabeth L.* Luck, Edward C. Makinson, Carolyn* Leeds, Roger S. Lewis, Bernard Litwak, Robert S. Lucy, William Mako, William P. Leet, Mildred Robbins Lewis, Edward T. Liu, Betty Wen Ssu Luers, Wendy W. Maldonado, Wendy A. Lefever, Ernest W. Lewis, Elise E. Liu, Eric P. Luers, William H. Malek, Frederic V Leffall, LaSalle D. Ill Carlson Liu, Margaret C. Luke, John A. Jr. Malinowski, Tom Leghorn, Richard S. Lewis, John P. Livingston, Robert Lustick, Ian S. Mallery Richard Legro, Jeffrey W. Lewis, Samuel W. Gerald Lute, Jane Holl Mallett, Robert L. Legvold, Robert Lewis, Sherman R. Jr. Llewellyn, J. Bruce Luttwak, Edward N. Malmgren, Harald B. Lehman, John F. Lewis, Stephen R. Jr. Lodal, Jan M. Luzzatto, Anne R. Malmgren, Lehman, Orin Lewis, W. Walker Lodge, George Cabot Lyall, Katharine C. K. Philippa Lehman, Ronald Lewy Glen S. Loeb, Marshall Lyman, Princeton N. Malone, Kim* Lyman, Richard W. Frank II Li, Lu Logan, Francis D. Malpass, David R. Lynch, Thomas F. Ill Lehrer, Jim Libby I. Lewis Lombardi, Clark B. Manatt, Charles T Lynk, Myles V. Leich, John Foster Lichtblau, John H. London, Herbert I. Manca, Marie Lynn, James T. Leklem, Erik J.t Lichtenstein, Long, William J. Antoinette Lynn, Laurence E. Jr. Leland, Marc E. Cynthia C. Longmuir, Shelley A. Mandelbaum, Michael Lyon, David W. Lelyveld, Joseph Lieber, James E. Longstreth, Bevis Maniatis, Gregory A. Lyons, Gene M. LeMelle, Gerald A. Lieber, Robert J. Longworth, Richard C. Manilow, Lewis Lyons, James E. LeMelle, Tilden J. Lieberman, Joseph I. Longworth, Susan A. Manley, Audrey Lyons, Richard Kent Lemle, J. Stuart Lieberman, Nancy A. Loranger, Donald Forbes Lempert, Robert J. Lieberthal, Kenneth G Eugene Mann, James H. Leness, Amanda V. Liebman, Benjamin L.t Lord, Bette Bao Mann, Michael D. Lennon, Alexander T.J. Lifton, Robert K. Lord, Winston M Mann, Thomas E. Lennon, Sarah G.J. Light, Timothy Lorentzen, Oivind III Ma, Christopher Manuel, Anja L. Lennox, William J. Jr. Lighthizer, Robert E. Lotrionte, Mabry Marcus Manzi, Jim Lenzen, Louis C. Lilienthal, Sally L. Catherine B.t Mabus, Raymond E. Marans, J. Eugene LeoGrande, Lilley James R. Louis, William Roger MacCormack, Charles Marchick, David William M. Lincoln, Edward J. Lourie, Linda S. Frederick Marcom, John E. Jr.* Leonard, James F. Lindberg, Tod Loury Glenn Cartman MacDonald, Bruce Marcum, John Arthur Leonard, Kenneth Lindsay, Beverly Love, Maryann Walter Marder, Murrey Lynch Lindsay, Franklin A. Cusimano MacDougal, Gary E. Margolis, David 1. Leone, Richard C. Lindsay, James M. Lovejoy, Thomas E. Mack, Consuelo Cotter Marinzoli, A. Roger Lesch, Ann Mosely Linen, Jonathan S. Lovelace, Jon B. Mack, J. Curtis II Mark, David E. Leslie, John W. Jr. Link, Troland S. Low, Stephen Mackay Leo Sidney Jr. Mark, Hans M.

126 Membership Roster

Mark-Jusbasche, Matzke, Richard H. McGarr, Cappy R. Medawar, Adrienne Meyerman, Harold J. Rebecca P. Maxwell, Kenneth R. McGiffert, Carola H.t Medearis, Amy Meyerson, Martin Marks, Leonard H. May, Ernest R. McGiffert, David E. Houpt Michaels, Marguerite Marks, Paul A. May, Michael M. McGovern, George S. Medeiros, Evan Mickiewicz, Ellen Markusen, Ann R. Mayer, Claudette McGowan, Alan H. Sabinot Midgley Elizabeth Marlin, Alice Tepper Mayer, Gerald M. Jr. McGrath, Eugene R. Medina, David S. Mihaly, Eugene B. Marr, Phebe A. Mayhew, Alice E. McGurn, William Medina, Kathryn B. Mikell, Gwendolyn Marron, Donald B. Maynes, Charles McHenry, Donald F. Medish, Mark Miles, Edward L. Marsh, Tom F. William Mcintosh, Laura A. Christian* Milestone, Judith B. Marshall, Andrew W. Mazur, Jay McKeon, Elizabeth A. Medley, Richard Millard, Robert Marshall, Anthony D. McAfee, William Gage McKeon, Robert B. Meers, Sharon I. Miller, Benjamin R. Marshall, Dale Rogers McAllister, Jef McLarty, Mark C. Mehlman, Bruce Paul Miller, Charles R. Marshall, F. Ray Olivarius McLarty Thomas F. Ill Mehreteab, Ghebre Miller, David Marshall, Katherine McAllister, McLaughlin, Andrewt Selassie Charles Jr. Marshall, Zachary Singleton B. McLaughlin, Charles Mehta, Ved Miller, Debra L. Blake* McCaffrey, Barry R. James Meiman, Kellie A.t Miller, Franklin C. Marten, Kimberly Joy* McCaffrey, Cynthia McLaughlin, David T Meissner, Doris M. Miller, J. Irwin Martin, Daniel Lillian McLaughlin, John E. Meister, Irene W Miller, Judith Richard McCain, John S. Ill McLean, Mora L. Mejia, James E. Miller, Ken Martin, Lynn Morley McCall, H. Carl McLean, Sheila Avrin Melby, Eric D.K. Miller, Linda B. Martin, Susan F. McCann, Edward McLin, Jon Blythe Mello, Judy Hendren Miller, Marcia E. Martin, William F. McCartan, Patrick F. McMahon, Darrin Melloan, George R. Miller, Matthew L. Marton, Kati I. McCarter, John W. Jr. Michael Melville, Richard Allen Miller, Roberta Balstad Masin, Michael T. McCarthy, James P. McManus, Doyle Mendelson, Sarah E. Miller, Scott L. Massey, L. Camille McCarthy, Kathleen D. McManus, Jason D. Mendlovitz, Saul H. Miller, William Green Massey, Walter E. McChrystal, Stanley A. McNamara, Dennis L. Mendoza, Roberto G. Miller, William Massimino, Elisa C. McClean, Lilyanne H. McNamara, Robert S. Menges, Carl B. Scott II* Mastanduno, Michael McCloyJohnJ.II McNamara, Thomas E. Menke, John R. Miller-Muro, Layli Masters, Carlton A. McClure, Robert L.* McNaugher, Menon, Rajan Millett, Allan R. Matheson, Michael J. McCormack, Thomas L. Merkel, Claire Sechler* Millington, John A. Mathews, Jessica T. Elizabeth J. McNerney, Patricia Meron, Theodor Mills, Bradford Mathews, Michael S. McCouch, Donald G. Ann Merow, John E. Mills, Karen Gordon Mathews, Sylvia M. McCracken, Paul W McPeak, Merrill A. Merrill, Philip Mills, Susan Linda Mathias, McCurdy, Dave K. McPeek, Brian C. Merritt, Jack Neil Milner, Helen V. Charles McC. Jr. McDermott, Jim McPherson, M. Peter Merszei, Zoltan Minis, Valerie A. Mathias, Edward J. McDevitt, Sean McQuade, Meselson, Matthew S. Minow, Newton N. Messing, F. Andy Jr. Mathis, Brian Pierre Daniel* Lawrence C. Mintz, Daniel R. Messitte, Zach P. Matlock, Jack F. Jr. McDonald, Alonzo L. McWade, Jessica C. Miranda, Lourdes R. Mestres, Ricardo A. Jr. Matsui, Robert T. McDonald, Tom Meacham, Carl E. Mirkow, Frank J. Mettler, Ruben F. Matsukata, Naotaka McDonough, Meacham, Jon Miscik, Judith A.* Metzger, Barry Matteson, William B. William J. Mead, Dana G. Mishkin, Alexander V.* Metzl, Jamie Frederic Matthews, Eugene A. McDougall, Gay J. Mead, E. Scott* Mitchell, Arthur M. Ill Meyer, Carl J. Matthews, John McEntee, Joan M. Mead, Walter Russell Mitchell, George H. Jr. Meyer, Edward C. Casley III McFarlane, Jennifer A. Meadows, Jeanne Mitchell, George J. Meyer, John Robert Matrox, Gale A. McFarlane, Robert C. Terry Mitchell, Patricia E.* Meyer, Karl E. Matuszewski, McFate, Patricia Ann Meagher, Robert F. Mitchell, Wandra G. Meyer, Michael Ryder Daniel C. McFaul, Michael A. Mearsheimer, John J. Mize, David M.

* Elected to membership in 2003. t Elected to five-year term membership in 2003.

127 Membership Roster

Mochizuki, Kiichi Mosbacher, Robert A. Murray, Lori Esposito Newburg, Andre Nussbaum, Bruce Mochizuki, Mike M. Moseley, Teed Michael Murray, Robert J. Newcomb, Nancy S. Nye, Joseph S. Jr. Moe, Sherwood G. Moses, Alfred H. Muse, Martha Newell, Barbara W Moffett, George D. Mosettig, Michael Twitchell Newhouse, John Moffett, Julia David Musham, Bettye Newman, Constance o Molano, Walter Moskow, Kenneth A. Martin Berry O'Brien, Dennis J. Thomas Moskow, Michael H. Myers, Richard B. Newman, Frank N. O'Cleireacain, Carol Mondale, Walter F. Moskowitz, James N. Myerson, Toby S. Newman, Jay H. O'Connor, Walter F. Moniz, Ernest J. Moss, Ambler H. Jr. Newman, Pauline O'Flaherty, J. Daniel Montgomery, George Moss, David A. Newman, Priscilla A. O'Hanlon, Michael Cranwell Mossman, James* N Newman, Richard T O'Hare, Joseph A. Montgomery, Motley, Joel W Nachmanoff, Arnold Newsom, David D. O'Leary, John Harold H. Mottahedeh, Roy P. Nacht, Michael Newstead, Jennifer G. O'Malley, Montgomery, Motulsky, Daniel T. Nadiri, M. Ishaq Newton, M. Diana Cormac K.H. Mark C. Mouat, Lucia Nagorski, Andrew Helweg O'Neil, Kathleen A. Montgomery, Moyer, Homer E. Jr.* Nagorski, Zygmunt Ney, Edward N. O'Neil, Michael J. Parker G. Mroz, John Edwin Najera, Peter F. Nicholas, N.J. Jr. O'Neill, Brian Montgomery, Philip Mudd, Daniel H. Nakhleh, Emile A. Nichols, Rodney W Deveraux* O'Bryan HI Mudd, Margaret Farris Namkung, K.A. Nicholson, Jan O'Neill, Michael J. Moock, Joyce Mujal-Leon, Eusebio Nash, Jack* Niehuss, John M. O'Prey, Kevin P. Lewinger Mulberger, Virginia A. Nash, William L.* Niehuss, Rosemary O'Rourke, Patrick J. Moody, Jim Mulcahy, Anne M. Nasher, Raymond Neaher O'Sullivan, Meghan L. Mulford, David C. Moody, William S. Donald Nielsen, Nancy Oakley, Phyllis E. Muller, Edward R. Moore, Joanne C. Nathan, Andrew J. Nielsen, Suzanne Oakley, Robert B. Muller, Henry Moore, John J. Jr. Nathan, James A. Christine Oberdorfer, Don Muller, Steven Moore, John M. Nathan, Scott Andrew Nilsson, A. Kenneth Odeen, Philip A. Mulvenon, James C. Moore, John Norton Nathanson, Marc B. Nimetz, Matthew Odell, John S. Mundie, Craig James Moore, Jonathan Nathoo, Raffiq A. Nitze, Paul H. Odom, William E. Mundy, Carl E. Jr. Moore, Julia A. Nau, Henry R. Nitze, William A. Oettinger, Anthony G Munger, Edwin S. Moorman, Nazeri, Haleh Nizich, Ivana Astrid Offenheiser, Munoz, George Thomas S. Jr. Neal, Jeffrey C. Noam, Eli M. Raymond C. Jr. Munroe, George B. Moose, George E. Neal, Stephen L. Nogales, Luis G. Offit, Morris W. Munsch, Stuart B. Moose, Richard M. Nealer, Kevin G. Nolan, Janne Emilie Oh, Kongdan Munyan, Winthrop R. Mora, Alberto J. Nederlander, Robert Jr. Noland, Marcus Okawara, Merle Aiko Murase, Emily Moto Mora, Antonio G. Negroponte, John D. Nooter, Robert Harry Olidge, Trina S. Muravchik, Joshua Moran, Theodore H. Neier, Aryeh Norman, William S. Oliva, L. Jay Murdoch, Rupert Moravcsik, Andrew Nelson Bloom, Norquist, Grover Oliver, April A. Murdock, Deroy* Morey, David Edward Glenn Olmstead, Cecil J. Murdy, William F. Alyse C.t Morgan, Betsy L.t Norton, Augustus Olson, David Andrew Murphy, Caryle Marie Nelson, Anne Morgan, Charlotte M.+ Richard Olson, Jane T. Murphy, Ewell E. Jr. Nelson, Daniel N. Morris, Charles R. Norton, Eleanor Olson, Lyndon L. Jr. Murphy, Richard Nelson, Jodi Lee Morris, Max King Nelson, Marie E. Holmes Olson, Ronald L. Morris, Milton D. McGill Nelson, Merlin E. Nossel, Suzanne F. Olson, William Morris-Eck, Bailey Murphy, Richard W. Nelson, Robert L. Jr. Noto, Lucio A. Clinton Morrisett, Lloyd N. Murphy, Sean Patrickt Nenneman, Richard A. Novack, Lynne Olvey, Lee D. Morrison, J. Stephen* Murphy, Thomas S. Nesbit, Lynn Dominick Omestad, Thomas E. Morrissey, Arthur C. Murray, Douglas P. Neuman, Stephanie G Novogratz, Jacqueline Onek, Joseph N* Morse, Edward L. Murray, Ian P. Neureiter, Norman P. Nuechterlein, Opel, John R. Morse, Kenneth P. Murray, Janice L. Neustadt, Richard E. Jeffrey D. Oppenheimer, Mortimer, David H. Murray, Leonard II Newberg, Esther R. Nunn, Sam Andres M.*

128 Membership Roster

Oppenheimer, Franz Palmieri, Victor H. Payne, Donald M. Peyronnin, Joseph F. Plattner, Marc F. Martin Pan, Eric J.+ Pearl, Frank H. Pezzullo, Lawrence A. Plepler, Richard L. Oppenheimer, Pan, Michael Pearlstine, Norman Pfaltzgraff, Plimpton, Calvin H. Michael F. Pandith, Farah Anwar Peckham, Gardner G Robert L. Jr. Plumeri, Joseph J. II Orentlicher, Diane Panofsky, Pedersen, Richard Pfeiffer, Jane Cahill Plutzik, Jonathan Orlins, Stephen A. Wolfgang K.H. Foote Pfeiffer, Leon K. Poats, Rutherford M. Ornstein, Norman J. Paperin, Stewart J. Pederson, Rena M. Pfeiffer, Steven B. Pocalyko, Michael N. Orr, Robert C. Pardee, Scott E. Pell, Claiborne Pharr, Susan J. Podhoretz, Norman Osborn, John E. Pardes, Herbert Pelletreau, Phelan, John J. Jr. Pogue, Richard W. Osborne, Richard de J. Pardew, James W Jr. Robert H. Jr. Phillips, Cecil M. Polk, William R. Osius, Margaret Parent, Louise M. Pelofsky, Eric J. Phillips, Pollack, Gerald A. Elizabetht Paris, Jonathan Pena, Federico F. Christopher H. Pollack, Jonathan D. Osmer-McQuade, Park, H.K. Penfield, James K. Phillips, David L. Pollack, Kenneth Margaret Parker Feld, Karen Perm, Lawrence Phillips, Jeanne L.* Michael* Osnos, Peter L.W. Elizabeth Edward III Picker, Harvey Pollack, Lester Osnos, Susan Sherer Parker, Elizabeth Penn, Mark Jeffrey Pickering, Pollock, Robert Osann, Christian Rindskopf Perella, Joseph R. Thomas R. Lansingt Ostlund, William Brian Parker, Jason H. Perera, Richard D. Pieczenik, Steve R. Polsby, Nelson W. Ostrander, F. Taylor Parker, Jay M. Peretz, Don Piedra, Alberto M. Jr. Pond, Elizabeth Ostrowski, Stephen T. Parker, Penny Perez, David Pierce, Lawrence W. Poneman, Daniel Otero, Maria* Parker, Richard B. Perkin, Linda J. Pierce, Ponchitta Bruce Ovitz, Michael S. Parkinson, Roger P. Perkins, Edward J. Piercy, Jan Pool-Eckert, Owen, Henry David Parks, Michael Perkins, Roswell B. Pierre, Andrew J. Marquita J. Owen, Roberts Bishop Christopher Perkovich, George R. Pigott, Charles M. Popkin, Anne B. Owens, James W. Parsky, Gerald L. Perle, Richard N. Pike, John E. Popoff, Frank Owens, William A. Parsons, Richard D. Perlman, Janice Elaine Pilgrim, Kathryn Porter, John Edward Oxman, Bernard H. Pascual, Carlos E. Perlmutter, Louis Pilling, Donald L. Fortes, Richard D. Oxman, Stephen A. Passer-Muslin, Perritt, Henry H. Jr. Pilliod, Charles J. Jr. Porzecanski, Arturo C. Oxnam, Robert B. Juliette M Perry, Elizabeth Jean Pillsbury, Marnie S. Posen, Adam S.* Oye, Kenneth A. Paster, Howard G Perry, Robert C. Pillsbury, Michael Posen, Barry R. Pastor, Ed Perry, William J. Pilon, Juliana Geran Posner, Michael Pastor, Robert A. Persico, Joseph E. Pincus, Lionel I. Postol, Theodore A. Patel, Parag Peters, Mary Ann Pincus, Walter H. Potter, William C. Paal, Douglas Haines Patrick, Hugh T. Peters, Michael P. Pinkerton, Powell, Catherine Pachios, Harold C* Patrick, Stewart M. Petersen, Mathew W. Stewart Jr. Powell, Colin L. Pachon, Harry P. Patrick, Thomas Scott Pino, John Anthony Powell, Jerome H. Packard, George R. Harold Peterson, Holly Pipes, Daniel Power, Philip H. Page, Carter W. Patricof, Alan Joel Peterson, Michael A.t Pipes, , Averill L. Paine, George C. II Patrikis, Ernest T. Peterson, Peter G Pisano, Jane G Powers, Thomas Paisner, Bruce Patterson, Patricia M. Peterson, Rudolph A. Pitts, Joe W. Ill Powers, Timothy E. Lawrence Paul, Douglas L. Petraeus, David H. Pizer, William A. Pozen, Robert C. Pakula, Hannah C. Paul, Roland A. Petree, Richard W. Pizzarello, Louis D. Pranger, Robert J. Pallesen, Edward S. Paulson, Henry M. Jr. Petree, Richard W. Jr. Plaks, Livia B. Prasso, Sheridan T* Palmer, Mark Paulus, Judith K. Petri, Thomas E. Piatt, Alan A. Precht, Henry Palmer, Matthew A. Pavel, Barry Petschek, Stephen R. Piatt, Alexander H. Press, Daryl G Palmer, Ronald D. Pavilonis, Brigid Pettibone, Peter J. Piatt, Nicholas Press, William H. Pressler, Larry Palmerlee, April Myers Petty, John R. Piatt, Sheila Maynard*

* Elected to membership in 2003. t Elected to five-year term membership in 2003.

129 Membership Roster

Preston, Stephen W. Raisian, John Remick, Elizabeth J. Rivkin, David B. Jr. Rokke, Ervin J. Prewitt, Kenneth Ramakrishna, Kilaparti Remington, Thomas E Rivlin, Alice M. Roman, Nancy Ellen Price, Daniel M. Ramirez, Lilia L. Renfrew, Charles Rizk, Nayla M. Romanowski, Alina L. Price, Hugh Ramo, Simon Byron Rizopoulos, Romberg, Alan D. Price, John R. Jr. Randolph, R. Sean Rennie, Milbrey Nicholas X. Romero, Anthony D. Price, Raymond K. Jr. Randt, Clark T. Jr.* Rennie, Renate Robb, Charles S. Romero, Philip Joseph Price, Robert Rangel, Charles B. Reppert, John C. Robbins, Carla Anne Romero-Barcelo, Prickett, Glenn T. Ranis, Gustav Reppy Judith V. Robert, Joseph E. Jr. Carlos A. Priest, William W. Jr. Rankin, Clyde E. Ill Resnicoff, Arnold E.* Robert, Stephen Rondeau, Ann E. Prieto, Daniel B. Ill Raphel, Robin Lynn Resor, Stanley R. Roberts, Bradley H. Roosevelt, Theodore IV Prillaman, William C. Rappaport, Alan H. Rey, Nicholas A. Roberts, John J. Rosand, Eric Prince, Charles O. Ill Ratchford, J. Thomas Rhind, Eric Scottf Roberts, Walter R. Alexander! Pritzker, Thomas J. Rather, Dan Rhinelander, John B. Robertson, Cara W Rose, Charles Peete Jr. Proenza, Luis M. Rarnesar, Romesh M. Rhodes, John B. Sr. Robinson, Barbara Rose, Daniel Prueher, Joseph W* Rattner, Steven L. Rhodes, William R. Paul Rose, Elihu Pryce, Jeffrey F. Rattray, Gregory John Ricardel, Mira R. Robinson, David Z. Rose, Gideon Pryce, William T. Rauch, Rudolph S. Rice, Condoleezza Robinson, Davis R. Rose, Marshall Puchala, Donald James Raul, Alan Charles Rice, Donald S. Robinson, Eugene Rosecrance, Richard Puckett, Allen E. Raustiala, Kal Rice, Joseph A. Harold Rosen, Arthur H. Puckett, Robert H. Ravenal, Earl C Rice, Susan E. Robinson, Rosen, Daniel H.* Pulling, Edward L. Ravenholt, Albert V. Rich, John H. Jr. James D. Ill Rosen, Gary Pulling, Thomas L. Ravich, Samantha F* Rich, Michael D. Robinson, Rosen, Jane K. Purcell, Susan Ravitch, Richard Richard, Anne C. Leonard H. Jr. Rosen, Robert L. Raymond, David A. Kaufman Richard, James J.t Robinson, Linda Rosen, Stephen Peter Raymond, Jack Pursley, Robert E. Richards, Ann W Robinson, Pearl T. Rosenberg, Mark B. Raymond, Lee R. Purvis, Nigel Richards, Paul G. Robinson, Torrance W. Rosenblatt, Lionel A. Reade, Claire E.* Putnam, Robert D. Richards, Stephen H. Robison, Olin C. Rosenblatt, Peter R. Realuyo, Celina B. Pye, Lucian W Richardson, Rocca, Christina B.* Rosenblum, Mort L. Rechberger, Kristin Pyle, Kenneth B. Benjamin F.t Rocha, V. Manuel* Rosenfeld, Stephen S. Denise Richardson, David B. Roche, James G Rosenfield, Allan Redman, Charles E. Richardson, Rockefeller, David Rosenfield, Patricia L. Q Reed, Charles B. Henry J. Ill Rockefeller, David Jr. Rosenkranz, Robert Quainton, Reed, Jack Richardson, John Rockefeller, John D. IV Rosenstock, Robert Anthony C.E. Reed, Joseph Verner Richardson, Rockefeller, Nicholas Rosensweig, Jeffrey A. Quandt, William B. Reed, Lucy* Richard W. Rockwell, Hays H. Rosenthal, A.M. Rosenthal, Douglas Quester, George H. Rees, Matthew R.t Richardson, William B. Rockwell, Keith Quigley, Kevin F.E Reese, William Sears Richardson, William R. McElroy Eurico Quigley, Leonard V. Regan, Ned Richardson, Rodman, Peter W Rosenthal, Jack Quinn, Jane Bryant Reichert, William M. Yolonda C. Rodriguez, Alex Rosenthal, Mitchell S. Quinn, John M. Reid, Ogden Richman, Joan F. Rodriguez, Rita M. Rosenwald, E. John Jr. Reiling, Peter A. Richter, Anthony H. Rodriguez, Vincent A. Rosenwald, Nina Reilly, Saskia S. Riddell, Malcolm C. Rodrik, Dani Rosenwasser, Jon J. R Reilly, William K. Ridgway, Rozanne L. Roett, Riordan Rosenzweig, Rabb, Bruce* Reimer, Dennis Joe Rieff, David RoffJ.HughJr. Robert M. Rabinowitch, Reinhardt, John E. Rielly, John E. Rogers, John M. Rosett, Claudia A.* Alexander Reinhart, Carmen M. Riffat , Imran Rogers, William D. Roskens, Ronald W. Rabinowitch, Victor Reinharz, Jehuda Rifkind, Robert S. Roggero, Frederick F. Rosner, Jeremy D. Raine, Fernande Reisman, William Riordan, Michael L. Rohan, Karen M. Rosovsky, Henry Scheid Michael Ritch, John B. HI Rohatyn, Felix G Ross, Arthur Raines, Franklin D. Reiss, Mitchell B. Rivers, Richard R. Rohlen, Thomas P. Ross, Christopher WS.

130 Membership Roster

Ross, Dennis B. Saunders, Harold H. Schroeder, Christopher SewalLJohnO.B. Ross, Gary N.* Savage, Frank Matthew Sewall, Sarah Ross, Robert S. Sacerdote, Peter M. Sawoski, Mark Schubert, Richard F. Sewell, John W. Rossabi, Morris Sachs, Jeffrey D. Sawyer, Diane Schuepbach, Sexton, John E.* Rosso, David J. Sacks, Paul M. Scalapino, Robert A. Martin A.* Seymour, Frances J. Rossotti, Charles O. Saeed, Ahmed M. Schacht, Henry B. Schuh, G. Edward Shafer, D. Michael Rostow, Elspeth Saenz, Thomas A. Schachter, Oscar Schuker, Jill A. Shafer, Jeffrey R. Davies Sagan, Scott D. Schadlow, Nadia C. Schulhof, Michael Shaffer, Gail S. Rostow, Nicholas Said, Edward Schaefer, Matthew P. Peter Shailor, Barbara Rotberg, Robert I. Sakoian, Carol Knuth Schaffer, Howard Schulz, William F. Shalala, Donna E. Roth, Kenneth Salacuse, Jeswald Bruner Schumacher, Edward Shalikashvili, John M. Roth, Stanley Owen William Schaffer, Matthew Schumer, Charles E. Shambaugh, David Roth, William M. Salazar, Ana Maria Schaffer, Teresita C. Schwab, George D. Shanker, Thomas Roth, William V. Jr. Salem, George R. Schake, Kori Schwab, Susan Carroll Daniel Rothenberg, Salomon, Richard E. Schearer, S. Bruce Schwartz, Bernard L.* Shapiro, Andrew J. David M. Salomon, William R. Schecter, Jerrold Schwartz, Eric Paul Shapiro, Andrew L. Rothkopf, David Salzhauer, Amy Lynnt Scheffer, David J. Schwartz, Norton A. Shapiro, Hal Scott Jochanan Salzman, Anthony Schein, Jacqui Selbst Schwartz, Peter Shapiro, Harold T. Rottenberg, Linda D. David Scheinman, Lawrence Schwarz, Adam Shapiro, Isaac Route, Ronald A. Samore, Gary Schell, Orville Hickok Schwarzer, William W. Shapiro, Judith R. Rovine, Arthur W. Sample, Steven B. Schell, Theodore H. Schwa rzman, Shaplen, Jason T. Rowen, Henry S. Samuels, Barbara Schenck, James Stephen A. Sharp, Daniel A. Rowny, Edward L. Christie 11 Raymond Schwebel, Stephen M. Shattuck, John Rubin, Arthur Mark Samuels, Michael A. Schick, Thomas Sciolino, Elaine F. Shea, Dorothy C. Rubin, Barnett R. Samuels, Richard J. Schiff, Frank W. Sciutto, James E. Shearer, Brooke L. Rubin, James P. Samway, Michael A. Schiff, Karenna Gore Scowcroft, Brent Sheehan, Kevin P. Rubin, James S. Sanchez, Miguel Schifter, Richard Scranton, William W. Sheehan, Michael A. Rubin, Nancy H. Antonio Schlefer, Mark P. Scully, Timothy R.* Sheffield, Jill W. Rubin, Robert E. Sanchez, Orlando Schlesinger, Arthur Jr. Seagrave, Norman P. Shehabi, Soroush Rubin, Trudy S. Sandalow, David Schlesinger, James R. Seamans, Robert C. Jr. Richard Rudder, Philip C* Sandel, Michael J. Schlesinger, Stephen C. Sears, Jonathan E. Sheinbaum, Stanley K. Rudenstine, Neil L. Sander, Alison B. Schlosser, Herbert S. Seasholes, Mark S. Sheinkman, Jack Rudesill, Dakota S.t Sanders, Barry A. Schmemann, Anya A. Seaton, James B. Ill Sheldon, Eleanor B. Rudman, Warren B. Sanders, Marlene Schmemann, Serge Segal, Sheldon J. Shelley, Sally Swing Ruebhausen, Oscar M. Sanders, Robin Renee Schmertz, Herbert Segal, Susan Louise Shelp, Ronald K. Ruenitz, Robert M. Sands, Amy Schmidt, Benno Jr. Seibold, Shelton, Joanna Reed Ruga, Raimundo L. Sanger, David E. Schmoke, Kurt L. Frederick C. Jr. Shelton-Colby, Sally A. Ruggie, John G. Sapiro, Miriam Schneider, Jan Seigenthaler, John L. Shenk, George H. Rugh, William A. Sapolsky, Harvey M. Schneider, William Seiple, Chris Shenk, Maury David Runge, Carlisle Ford Sargeant, Stephen Schneider, William Jr.* Seitz, Frederick Shepard, Stephen B. Rupp, George E. Thomas Schneier, Arthur Sekulow, Eugene A. Shepardson, Robert Ruttan, Vernon W. Sarotte, Mary Elise Schoen, Douglas E. Selin, Ivan Thomas Ruxin, Josh Sassen, Saskia Schoettle, Enid C.B. Sender, Henny Shepherd, J. Michael Ryan, Arthur F. Sasser, James R. Schoff, James L. Sesno, Frank W. Shepherd, Karen F. Ryan, John T. Ill Satcher, David* Schorr, Daniel L. Sestanovich, Sheriff, Alan R. Ryan, Michael E. Satloff, Robert B. Schrage, Elliot J. Stephen R. Sherman, Michael Ryan, Patrick G. Jr.* Saul, Ralph Southey Schreiber, Brian T. Sevilla, Christina R.t Sherman, Wendy R.

* Elected to membership in 2003. t Elected to five-year term membership in 2003.

131 Membership Roster

Sherry, George L. Simmons, P.J. Smith, Perry M. Soros, George Stein, David E Sherwood, Simmons, Ruth J. Smith, Peter Soros, Jonathan Stein, Elliot Benjamin B. Simon, Francpise L. Hopkinson Tivadar Allant Stein, Eric Sherwood-Randall, Simon, Hugh V. Jr. Smith, R. Jeffrey Soros, Paul Steinberg, David J. Elizabeth D. Sims, Calvin G.* Smith, Richard M. Soudriette, Steinberg, James B. Shestack, Jerome J. Sims, Robert B. Smith, Stephen G. Richard W* Steinberg, Mark R. Shields, Geoffrey B. Sinclair, Paula J. Smith, Theodore M. Sovern, Michael I. Steinberg, Shields, Lisa* Sinding, Steven W. Smith, Tony Spahn, Blaket Richard H* Shiftman, Gary M.* Singer, Peter Warren Smith, W Y. Spain, James W Steinbruner, John D. Shifter, Michael Singham, Shanker A. Smith, Wayne S. Spalter, Jonathan Steiner, Daniel Shiner, Josette S. Sinkin, Richard N. Smith, Winthrop H. Jr. Spaner, Jonathan S.t Steiner, Joshua L. Shinn, James J. Sisco, Joseph John Smoots, Samuel D. Spangler, Scott M. Steiner, Steven E. Shinseki, Eric Sitrick, James Baker Snider, Don M. Spears, Suzanne Steinfeld, Edward S. Shipley, Walter V. Skidmore, Thomas E. Snider, L. Britt Alexandrat Stempel, John D. Shirk, Susan L. Skinner, Elliott P. Snow, Robert Anthony Spector, Leonard S. Stent, Angela Evelyn Shirzad, Faryar Skinner, Kiron Kanina Snowe, Olympia J. Speedie, David C. Stepan, Alfred C. Shlaes, Amity Ruth Sklarew, Jennifer Snyder, Jed C. Spencer, Edson W. Stern, David J. Shoemaker, Friedman* Snyder, Richard E. Sperling, Gene B.* Stern, Fritz Christopher C. Skol, Michael M. Snyder, Scott A. Spero, Joan E. Stern, H. Peter Shonholtz, Raymond Skolnikoff, Eugene B. Snyder, Timothy D. Spero, Joshua B. Stern, Jeffrey Shriver, Donald W. Slade, David R. Sobol, Dorothy Speth, James Gustave Stern, Jessica E. Shulman, Colette Slaughter, Anne-Marie Meadow Speyer, Jerry I. Stern, Paula Shulman, Marshall D. Slaughter, Matthew J. Soderberg, Nancy E. Spiegel, Daniel L. Stern, Todd D. Shultz, George P. Slaughter, Richard A. Sofaer, Abraham Spiegel, John W Stern, Walter P. Shuman, Stanley S. Slavin, Barbara David Spielvogel, Carl Sternberg, Seymour* Sick, Gary G. Slawson, Paul S. Sohn, Louis B. Spiers, Ronald I. Sterner, Michael E. Siebert, Muriel E* Sloane, Ann Brownell Solarz, Stephen J. Spindler, J. Andrew Stetson, Anne Siegal, Bippy M. Sloane, Margarett Solnick, Steven L. Spinelli-Noseda, Stevens, Charles R. Siegel, William D.* Slocombe, Walter B. Solomon, Andrew Carlos J.t Stevens, James W Siegman, Henry Small, Lawrence M. Wallace Spiro, Herbert John Stevens, Paul Schott Sievers, Sara E. Smalley, Kathleen Solomon, Anne G.K. Spratt, John M. Jr. Stevenson, Adlai E. Sifton, Elisabeth N. Smalley, Patricia T. Solomon, Anthony M. Stack-O'Connor, Alisa Stevenson, Sigal, Leon V. Smart, Christopher W.* Solomon, Joshua N. Stacks, John Charles A. Sigmund, Paul E. Smart, S. Bruce Jr. Solomon, Lisa J. Stahl, Lesley R. Stewart, Donald M. Sikkink, Kathryn A. Smeall, Christopher Solomon, Peter J. Stalson, Helena Stewart, Evan* Silas, C.J. Smith, Andrew E Solomon, Richard H. Stam, Allan C. Stewart, Gordon C. Silber, Laura J. Smith, Clint E. Solomon, Robert Stamas, Stephen Stewart, James B. Jr.* Silberman, Smith, Dane E Jr. Sonenshine, Stanford, Nina Stewart, Ruth Ann Smith, David Shiverick Laurence H. H. Marshall Zinterhofert Stid, Daniel D. Smith, DeWitt C. Jr. Silberman, Robert S. Sonenshine, Tara Stanley, Peter W Stiehm, Judith Hicks Smith, Edwin M. Silberstein, Alan M. Diane Stanley-Mitchell, Stiglitz, Joseph E. Smith, Gayle E. Silkenat, James R. Song, Diana M.H. Elizabeth A. Stiles, Deborah E Smith, Hedrick L. Silver, Allison Sonnenberg, Maurice Stanton, Frank Stith, Kate Smith, James McCall Silver, Daniel B. Sonnenfeldt, Helmut Staples, Eugene S. Stobaugh, Robert B. Smith, Jean Kennedy Silver, Ron Sonnenfeldt, Staples, Kristen Stockman, David A. Smith, Jeffrey H. Silvers, Robert B. Richard W. Starr, Kenneth I. Stoessinger, John G. Smith, John T. II Simes, Dimitri K. Sorensen, Gillian Starr, S. Frederick Stoga, Alan J. Smith, Malcolm B. Simmons, Adele Martin Steadman, Richard C. Stokes, Bruce Smith, Michael B. Simmons, Jamal N. Sorensen, Juliet S.t Steel, Ronald Stokes, Louis Smith, Michelle A. Simmons, Matthew R. Sorensen, Theodore C. Steiger, Paul E. Stall, Ira E.

132 Membership Roster

Stone, Jeremy J. Thoman, G. Richard Townsend, Kathleen Tyson, Carole Stonesifer, Patricia Q.* Thomas, Barbara S. Kennedy Henderson Straus, Donald B. Taft, Julia Vadala Thomas, Brooks Trachtenberg, Tyson, Laura Straus, Oscar S. II Taft, William H. IV Thomas, Evan W. Ill Stephen Joel D'Andrea Strauss, Robert S. Tagliabue, Paul Thomas, Franklin A. Train, Harry D. II Strautmanis, Tahir-Kheli, Shirin R. Thomas, Lee B. Jr. Train, John Michael A. Talbot, Phillips Thomas, Lydia Waters Train, Russell E. u Stremlau, John J. Talbott, Strobe Thomas, Troy S. Trainor, Bernard E. Udovitch, Stringer, Howard Taliaferro, Jeffrey W. Thompson, Fred Tran, Ly K. Abraham L. Strmecki, Marin J. Talwar, Puneet Thompson, Robert L. Trani, Eugene P. Uhlig, Mark Strock, James M. Tan Bhala, Kara W.Y. Thompson, W Scott Travis, Martin B. Jr. Ullman, Richard H. Stromseth, Jane E. Tang, David K.Y. Thomson, James A. Treadway, Stephen J. Ulman, Cornelius M. Stroock, Thomas F. Tanner, Harold Thornburgh, Dick Treanor, Mark C. Ulrich, Marybeth Strossen, Nadine Tanter, Raymond Thornell, Richard P. Treat, John Elting Peterson Studeman, William O. Tapia, Raul R. Thornton, John L. Trebat, Thomas J. Ungar, Sanford J. Styron, Rose Tarnoff, Peter Thoron, Louisa Treverton, Gregory Unger, David C. Sudarkasa, Niara Tarter, C. Bruce Tierney, Paul E. Jr. Frye Upton, Maureen T. Sughrue, Karen M. Tarullo, Daniel K. Tiersky, Ronald Trice, Robert H. Jr. Usher, William R. Suh, Ryungt Tasco, Frank J. Till, Kimberly Trimble, Charles R. Utgoff, Victor A. Suleiman, Ezra Tashkovich, Gligor A. Tillman, Seth P. Trojan, Vera M. Utley, Garrick Sullivan, Gina E. Tauber, Charles E.t Tillou, Susan Lynne Trooboff, Peter D. Uzeta, Jaime Ernestot Sullivan, Gordon R. Taubman, William Timothy, Kristen Trowbridge, Timpson, Sarah Sullivan, Louis W. Taylor, Arthur R. Alexander B. Summers, Taylor, James S. Livingston Truitt, Nancy Taylor, Kathryn Lawrence H. Tipson, Frederick S. Sherwood Vaccaro, Jonathan Sunderland, Jack B. Pelgrift Tirana, A mina Truman, Edwin M. Matthew Sundiata, Ibrahim K. Teece, David J. Tisch, Andrew Tsehai, Elizabeth G.* Vagliano, Supanc, Patrick Teeter, Robert M. Herbert* Tsingos, Basilios E.t Alexander M. Moore Teichner, Martha A. Tisch, Laurence Alan Tsipis, Kosta Vagliano, Sara Suro, Roberto A.* Teitel, Ruti G. Tisch, Preston Robert* Tucher, H. Anton Vagts, Detlev F. Suslow, Leo A. Teitelbaum, Michael S. Todman, Terence A. Tucker, Cynthia A. Vaitheeswaran, Sutphen, Mona K.* Telhami, Shibley Toft, Monica Duffy Tucker, Jonathan B. Vijay V.t Sutterlin, James S. Tellis, Ashley Joachim* Toll, Maynard J. Jr. Tucker, Nancy Vaky, Viron P. Sutton, Francis X. Tempelsman, Maurice Toloui, Ramin Bernkopf Valenta, Jiri Suzman, Cedric Temple-Raston, Dina Tomlinson, Tucker, Richard Frank Valentine, Debra A. Swank, Emory C. Simone* Alexander C. Tucker, Robert W. Valenzuela, Arturo A. Swanson, Carl Axel* Tenet, George J. Tomz, Michael R. Tuggle, Clyde C* van der Vink, Swanson, David H. Tennyson, Leonard B. Topping, Audrey Tuminez, Astrid S. Gregory E. Sweeney, John J. Terracciano, Ronning Tung, Ko-Yung Van Dusen, Michael H. Sweig, Julia E. Anthony P. Topping, Seymour Tunnell, David R.t Van Dyk, Ted Sweitzer, Brandon W. Terry, Sarah M. Torano, Maria Elena Turck, Nancy B. Van Evera, Stephen Swenson, Eric P. Theobald, Thomas C. Torres, Art Turner, J. Michael Van Fleet, James Swid, Scott L. Thieme, Donald Torres, Gerald Turner, James M. Alward Swid, Stephen Claar Joseph II Torricelli, Robert G. Turner, Robert F. Van Oudenaren, John Swiers, Peter Bird Thiessen, Marc Toth, Robert C. Turner, Stansfield Van Zandt, David Swing, John Temple Alexander Toungara, Jeanne Tusiani, Michael D. Edgar Szporluk, Roman Thiessen, Pamela Beth Maddox Tyrrell, R. Emmett Jr. Vande Berg, Marsha

* Elected to membership in 2003. t Elected to five-year term membership in 2003.

133 Membership Roster vanden Heuvel, von Hagen, Mark Warner, Edward L. in Weissman, Ivan S. Wiarda, Howard J. Katrina Louis Warner, John William Welch, C. David Wien, Anita Volz vanden Heuvel, von Lipsey, Rod Warner, Margaret G.* Welch, Jasper A. Jr. Wiener, Carolyn Seely William J. von Mehren, Robert B. Warner, Volney James Welch, Larry D. Wiener, Malcolm H. Vandenberg, Votaw, Carmen Warren, Gerald L. Weld, Susan R. Wiesel, Elie Martina E. Delgado Washburn, Abbott M. Weld, William F. Wiesel, Elishat Vander Lugt, Vuono, Carl E. Washburn, John L. Welker, David P. Wilby, Peter Robert D. Wasserman, Debra L. Welter, David L. Wilcox, Elizabeth R.t Varanini, Jeffrey Paul Wasserstein, Bruce Wells, Damon Wildenthal, C. Kern Varela, Marta B. w Waterbury, John Wells, Louis T. Wiley, Richard A. Varmus, Harold E. Wachner, Linda J. Waters, Cherri D. Wells, Samuel E Jr. Wilhelm, Robert E. Vasquez, Ian A. Wachtel, Andrew Waterston, Line Wells, Walter N. Wilkerson, Thomas Vecchi, Sesto E. Baruch Lillevikt Wender, Ira T. Lloyd Veit, Carol Michele Wadsworth-Darby, Watson, Alexander F. Wendt, Allan Wilkie, Edith B. Veit, Lawrence A. Mary Watson, Peter S. Wertheim, Mitzi Wilkins, Roger W Veliotes, Nicholas A. Waggoner, Robert C. Watts, John H. Mallina Wilkinson, Sharon P. Venable, Nicole Wais, Marshall I. Jr. Watts, William Wesbrook, Stephen D. Williams, Aaron S. Vendley, William F. Wakeman, Waxman, Matthew C. Weschler, Joanna Williams, Brian D.* Verleger, Philip K. Jr. Frederic E. Jr. Weatherstone, Dennis Wesely, Edwin J. Williams, Christine Verma, Richard R. Waldron, Arthur Weaver, David R. West, J. Robinson Williams, Cindy Vermilye, Peter H. Wales, Jane M. Webb, Hoyt K.* West, Owen O'Driscoll Williams, Dave H. Verstandig, Toni G. Walker, Anna Rachaelt Weber, Doron West, Togo D. Jr. Williams, Eddie Verville, Elizabeth G. Walker, Charls E. Weber, Vin Westin, David L.* Nathan Vessey, John W. Walker, George R. Webster, William H. Weston, Burns H. Williams, Harold M. Vester, Linda J. Walker, Gregg Wechsler, William Wethington, Olin L. Williams, Haydn Viccellio, Henry Jr. Alexandert Frederick Wexler, Anne Williams, Howard Vicenzino, Marco S.t Walker, Jacques P. Weddle, Steven Weymouth, Roy Vick, Edward H. Walker, Jenonne Wedgwood, Ruth Elizabeth G Williams, Joseph Victor, Alice S. Walker, John L. Wehrle, Leroy Snyder Whalen, Richard J. Wakefieldt Vidal, David J. Walker-Huntley, Weidenbaum, Murray Wharton, Clifton R. Jr. Williams, Videt, Pote P. Mary L. Weigel, George Wheeler, John K. Lawrence H.t Viebranz, Curtis G. Walkling, Sarah K. Weiksner, George B. Wheeler, John P. Ill Williams, Margaret Viederman, Stephen Wallace, Roger Weil, Frank A. Whitaker, C.S. Douglas Viets, Richard Noyes Windham Weinberg, John L. Whitaker, Jennifer Williams, Michael J. Vila,AdisM. Wallander, Celeste Weinberg, Steven Seymour Williams, Reba White Vinjamuri, Lesliet Ann Weinberger, Caspar W. Whitaker, Mark Williams, Viorst, Milton Wallerstein, Mitchel B. Weinert, Richard S. White, John P. William J. Jr. Viscusi, Enzo Wallich, Christine I. Weinrod, W. Bruce White, Julia A. Williamson, Vitale, Alberto Wallison, Peter J. Weinstein, David E. White, Mary Jo* Edwin D. Vitale, David J. Walsh, Ian Kennard Weinstein, Michael M. White, Maureen Williamson, Irving A. Voell, Richard Allen Walsh, Michaela L. Weintraub, Sidney White, Peter C. Williamson, Richard Vogel, Ezra F. Walt, Stephen M. Weisberg, Jacob M. White, Robert J. Salisbury Vogelgesang, Sandy Walters, Barbara Weisman, Steven R. White, William H. Williamson, Samuel Louise Walton, Anthony John Weiss, Andrew S.* Whitehead, John C. Gates Vogelson, Jay M. Walton, R. Keith* Weiss, Charles Jr. Whitman, Christine Willrich, Mason Vojta, George J. Waltz, Kenneth N. Weiss, Cora Todd Wilmers, Robert G Volcker, Paul A. Wanger, Leah Zell Weiss, Edith Brown Whitman, Marina V.N. Wilson, Don M. Ill Volk, Stephen R. Ward, Jennifer C. Weiss, Elizabeth Anne Whitney, Craig R. Wilson, Donald M. von Eckartsberg, Ward, Katherine T. Weiss, Stanley A. Whittemore, Wilson, Ernest Weiss, Thomas G. K. Gayle Rose Ware, Carl Frederick B. James HI

134 Membership Roster

Wilson, Karen E. Wolf, Charles Jr. Wright, Joseph R. Jr. Young, Gwen Zelikow, Philip D. Wilson, Margaret S. Wolf, Ira Wright, L. Patrick Kathleent Zelnick, C. Robert Wimpfheimer, Wolf, Milton A. Wright, Matice J. Young, Jay T. Zemmol, Jonathan I. Jacques D. Wolfensohn, James D. Wright, Robin Young, M. Crawford Zilkha, Ezra K. Winden, Andrew Wolff, Alan Wm. Wright, William H. II Young, Michael K. Zimmerman, William Wolff, I. Peter Wulf, Norman A. Young, Nancy Edwin M. Winfield, W. Wolfowitz, Paul D. Wyser-Pratte, Guy Youngblood, Zimmerman, Peter D. Montague Wolfsthal, Jon B. Patrick Kneeland C. Zimmerman, William Wing, Adrien Wolin, Neal S. Youngwood, Zimmermann, Katherine Wolosky Lee S.* Alfred D. Warren Winik, Jay Wolpe, Howard Yu, Frederick T.C. Zinberg, Dorothy Winkler, Matthew A.: Wolstencroft, Tracy R. Yacoubian, Mona Yudkin, Richard A. Shore Winokur, Woo-Cumings, Yalman, Nur O. Yzaguirre, Raul H. Zinder, Norton D. Herbert S. Jr. Meredith Yan, Adelet Zinni, Anthony Winston, Michael R. Woodruff, Judy C. Yang, Linda Tsao Charles Winterer, Philip S. Woods, Ward W Yang, Phoebe L.* Zipp, Brian R. Winters, Francis X. Woodward, Susan L. Yankelovich, Daniel Zabel, William D. Zirin, James D. Winters, Laura Woolsey R. James Yanney Michael B. Zagoria, Donald S. Zittrain, Jonathan L. Wirth, David A. Woolsey, Suzanne H. Yao, Nancy Zahn, Paula A. Zlot, Andrew E.t Wirth, Timothy E. Woon, Eden Y. Yates, Stephen Jerome Zakaria, Arshad R* Zoellick, Robert B. Wise, Carol Worden, Minky Yergin, Daniel H. Zakaria, Fareed Zogby, James J. Wisner, Frank G. Worenklein, Jacob Yochelson, John N. Zake, Florence S.N. Zolberg, Aristide R. Wisner, Graham G. Worley Elizabeth Yoffie, David B. Zakheim, Dov S. Zonis, Marvin Witkowsky, Anne A. Mai Yordan, Jaime Ernesto Zaleski, Michel Zoric, Iva Wittes, Tamara Wormuth, Christine E. Yoshihara, Nancy Zangrillo, Robert Zorthian, Barry Cofrnan Wormian, Christian Akemi Lawrence Zucker, Howard Alan* Woerner, Fred F. Fritz Yost, Casimir A. Zanoyan, Vahan B. Zuckerman, Harriet Wofford, Harris L. Wosepka, Kent Young, Alice Zarb, Frank G. Zuckerman, Wohlforth, William Wray, Cecil Young, Andrew Zartman, I. William Mortimer B. Curri Wriggins, W Howard Young, Edgar B. Zegart, Amy B.* Zwick, Charles J. Wohlstetter, Roberta Wright, Abi E. Young, George H. EI Zeikel, Arthur Zysman, John A.

* Elected to membership in 2003. t Elected to five-year term membership in 2003.

135 Credits

Photos Alvear Palace Hotel Photographer: 12 top Corporate Photographers, Inc.: 9 right Irina A. Faskianos: 52, 53 right, 54 bottom, 55 Cree Frappier: 21, 22, 28 Donald L. Miller: 6 Ken Levinson: 7, 8 bottom, 11,14 bottom, 15 top, 20, 24, 36, 37, 38 bottom, 41 bottom, 43, 44, 46, 53 left, 54 top, 56 top, 57, 58, 68, 69, 71, 99,112 top NBC News: 73 bottom Don Pollard: 8 top, 12 bottom, 13,14 top and middle, 15 bottom, 16 top, bottom center, right, 17, 26 bottom, 31, 34,41 top, 42, 45, 56 bottom, 62, 63, 64,115 President's Official Photographer, Mexico: 70 Elsa Ruiz: 16 bottom left Kaveh Sardari: 19, 25, 26 top, 27, 30, 33, 35, 38 top, 48, 49, 50, 51, 73, 77,112 bottom Marie X. Strauss: 39

Editor: Patricia Lee Dorff Designer: Gene Crofts Assistant Editor: Jennifer Anmuth Photo Editor: Maire X. Strauss Intern: Andrew Holm Production Consultant: Virginia Rolston Parrott Copy Editors: Ed Cone, Traci C. Nagle Cover Design: Etsuko Iseki

The Council's Annual Report is designed to focus attention on the substance of its programs. A comprehensive listing of the year's activities is available on the Council's website at www.cfr.org.

136