FlaxPreComp debriefing een korte, oriënterende inleiding

Ignaas Verpoest Composite Materials Group Departement Materiaalkunde KU Leuven Established in aircraft, breakthrough in automotive

BMW i3

24/10/2017 2 … and sports !!! From very small to very big … Composieten: marktvooruitzichten

Global Composite Market for CarbonFRP (kT), Estimation2016 -2022

Source: Lucintel’s market report, “Growth Opportunities in the Global Glass Fiber Market”

Source: CCeV / AVK Market Report 2016

5 What we are used to…

• Fibres • Rovings • 2D or 3D-textiles o Carbon o 2D

o

o 3D

o Glass

6 Why using biobased fibres?

• Natural fibres have enormous potential for LCI-reduction with minor property loss:

SIM-M2i Meeting Materials – 10 May 2016 7 Ecological impact of production of composites…

• …only energy (MJ) to produce 1 lit of material

400

350 Only Carbon fibres

300

250

koolstof 200 Hybrid CF glas + flax vlas 150

Only 100 Only Glass fibres polymer 50 Only

0 Flax fibres 0 100

SIM-M2i Meeting Materials – 10 May 2016 8 Different types of natural Fibres

PLANT / Lignocellulosic FIBRES ANIMAL FIBRES

Wood Stem/Bast Leaf Seed/Fruit Grass Silk Wool

Flax Sisal Jute Abaca Softwood Hemp Pineapple Cotton Bamboo Hardwood Kenaf Banana Coconut Rice Ramie Fique Henequen Palm

9 Where is flax grown? Annual production of flax fibres in Europe

Flax fibre production in Europe (Kt), (2014 data)

11 Cost range of natural and glass fibres

… but: flax is ~50% lighter than glass !

12 What’s really different with natural fibres

• Natural fibres are not homogeneous o Technical fibre ‰ Elementary fibre ‰ Layers ‰ crystalline Cellulose Microfibrils

Elementary fibre

FLAX Technical fibre

Hearle Jws. Journal of Applied Polymer Baley C , Le Duigou A, et al. Bio-based Composites Science. 1963;7(4):1207-23.e for High-Performance Materials:, 2014. What’s really different with natural fibres

Yarn • Natural fibres are not continous o Adding twist to the yarn seems necessary… o How to include this in the modelling?

Technical fibre, Length < 80 cm

Elementary fibre Length ~ 3 cm

14 Flax: from plant to textile… for composites !

The value chain as it was up to some years ago….: oriented towards textile markets

Scutching Hackling Doubling/stretching Roving bench Spinning: TWIST

Weaving: CRIMP The Random mat challenge for 2D FlaxPreComp A MARKET REALITY

24/10/2017 Appendices: Pre-defense Farida Bensadoun 16 2015: “Synthetic by Nature”

An exhibition on designing with natural fibre and biobased composites in the Design Museum Gent Conclusion: why using natural / flax fibres?

Not abrasive and good Good mechanical properties chemical resistance

Nice visual aspect, natural Recyclable look and image

APPLICATIONS Ligther and greener Good fatigue and reasonable impact resistance

Good thermal, Sustainable, acoustic & vibration environment-friendly & damping CO 2 neutral

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