DOCSLIB.ORG

FRAMEWORK for a CIRCUMPOLAR ARCTIC SEABIRD MONITORING NETWORK Caffs CIRCUMPOLAR SEABIRD GROUP Acknowledgements I

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
FRAMEWORK for a CIRCUMPOLAR ARCTIC SEABIRD MONITORING NETWORK Caffs CIRCUMPOLAR SEABIRD GROUP Acknowledgements I Supporting Publication to the Circumpolar Biodiversity Monitoring Program CAFF CBMP Report No. 15 September 2008 FRAMEWORK FOR A CIRCUMPOLAR ARCTIC SEABIRD MONITORING NETWORK CAFFs CIRCUMPOLAR SEABIRD GROUP Acknowledgements i CAFF Designated Agencies: t Environment Canada, Ottawa, Canada t Finnish Ministry of the Environment, Helsinki, Finland t Ministry of the Environment and Nature, Greenland Homerule, Greenland (Kingdom of Denmark) t Faroese Museum of Natural History, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands (Kingdom of Denmark) t Icelandic Institute of Natural History, Reykjavik, Iceland t Directorate for Nature Management, Trondheim, Norway t Russian Federation Ministry of Natural Resources, Moscow, Russia t Swedish Environmental Protection Agency, Stockholm, Sweden t United States Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, Anchorage, Alaska This publication should be cited as: Aevar Petersen, David Irons, Tycho Anker-Nilssen, Yuri Ar- tukhin, Robert Barrett, David Boertmann, Carsten Egevang, Maria V. Gavrilo, Grant Gilchrist, Martti Hario, Mark Mallory, Anders Mosbech, Bergur Olsen, Henrik Osterblom, Greg Robertson, and Hall- vard Strøm (2008): Framework for a Circumpolar Arctic Seabird Monitoring Network. CAFF CBMP Report No.15 . CAFF International Secretariat, Akureyri, Iceland. Cover photo: Recording Arctic Tern growth parameters at Kitsissunnguit West Greenland 2004. Photo by Carsten Egevang/ARC-PIC.COM. For more information please contact: CAFF International Secretariat Borgir, Nordurslod 600 Akureyri, Iceland Phone: +354 462-3350 Fax: +354 462-3390 Email: ca"@ca".is Internet: http://www.ca".is ___ CAFF Designated Area Editor: Aevar Petersen Design & Layout: Tom Barry Institutional Logos CAFFs Circumpolar Biodiversity Monitoring Program: Framework for a Circumpolar Arctic Seabird Monitoring Network Aevar Petersen, David Irons, Tycho Anker-Nilssen, Yuri Artukhin, Robert Barrett, David Boertmann, Carsten Egevang, Maria V. Gavrilo, Grant Gilchrist, Martti Hario, Mark Mal- lory, Anders Mosbech, Bergur Olsen, Henrik Osterblom, Greg Robertson, and Hallvard Strøm on behalf of the CIRCUMPOLAR SEABIRD GROUP (CBird) CAFF CBMP Report No. 15 August 2008 List of Contributors Aevar Petersen, Icelandic Institute of Natural History, Hallvard Strøm, Norwegian Polar Institute, Polar Hlemmur 3, P.O. Box 5320, 125 Reykjavik, Iceland. Environmental Centre, N-9296 Tromsø, Norway. [email protected] hallvardþ[email protected] Anders Mosbech, Dept. of Arctic Environment, Henrik Osterblom, Museum of Natural History, Dept. National Environ. Research Institute, Frederiksborgvej Systems Ecol., Box 50007, SE-10691, Sweden. 399, Box 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark. amo@ [email protected] dmu.dk Maria V. Gavrilo, Dept Polar Geography, AARI, Bergur Olsen, Faroese Fisheries Laboratory, Nóatún, 38 Bering St., Saint-Petersburg, 199397 Russia. FO-100 Tórshavn, Faroes. [email protected] mþ[email protected] Carsten Egevang, Greenland Institute of Natural Martti Hario, Finnish Game and Fisheries Research Resources, P.O. Box 570, 3900 Nuuk, Greenland, Institute, P.O. Box 2, FIN-00791 Helsinki, Finland. [email protected] martti.hario@rktl.fi David Boertmann, Dept. of Arctic Environment, Mark Mallory, Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment National Environ. Research Institute, Frederiksborgvej Canada, Box 1714, Qimugjuk Bldg 969, Iqaluit, 399, Box 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark. dmb@ Nunavut X0A 0H0, Canada. [email protected] dmu.dk Robert Barrett, Tromso Museum, Zoology Dept, David Irons, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 1011 E. University of Tromso, N-9037 Tromso, Norway. Tudor Rd., Anchorage, Alaska AK99503, USA. david. [email protected] [email protected] Tycho Anker-Nilssen, NINA-NIKU, Tungasletta 2, Grant Gilchrist, Science and Technology Branch, N-7485, Trondheim, Norway. [email protected] Environment Canada, N.W.R.C., 1125 Colonel By Drive, Raven Rd., Carleton Univ., Ottawa, Ont. K1A Yuri Artukhin, Kamchatka Br. Pacific Inst. of Geography, 0H3, Canada. [email protected] Rybakov pr., 19-a, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, 683024, Russia. [email protected] Greg Robertson, Science and Technology Branch, Environment Canada, 6 Bruce Str., Mount Pearl, Newfoundland A1N 4T3, Canada. greg.robertson@ ec.gc.cad Table of Contents Introduction . 1 Vision . 2 Rationale . 2 Objectives . 3 Which are the Arctic Seabirds? . 4 Current monitoring activity . 5 Canada . 6 Faroes . 11 Finland . 13 Greenland . 15 Iceland . 19 Norway . 23 Russia: western part . 26 Russia: eastern part . 29 Sweden . 34 United States (Alaska) . 35 The overall circumpolar monitoring activity . 41 Components of a circumpolar seabird monitoring network . 43 Colony Monitoring . 43 Selecting species for colony monitoring . 44 Environmental indicators . 45 Arctic responsibility . 45 International commitments . 46 Trophic levels . 47 Proposed list of species for monitoring. 47 Colony monitoring parameters . 48 At-sea Surveys . 48 Harvest Statistics . 49 National lists of breeders and non-breeders . 49 National Endangered Species Lists . 50 Banding . 50 Other national or global initiative s . 50 General bibliography . 50 Appendix 1. A list of Arctic Seabirds . 52 Appendix 2 (a - g). Matrices compiled during development of the Circumpolar Seabird Monitoring Framework . 53 (a) The seabird species breeding in each of the Arctic countries: Distribution and . trophic level . 53 (b) The population status of Arctic seabird species and year(s) of estimate . 56 (c) The population trends of Arctic seabird species . 58 (d) The number of seabird colonies monitored in the Arctic countries compared . to the total number of countries . 60 (e) The number of programmes for di"erent monitoring parameters in the Arctic . countries . 62 (f) The relevance of di"erent Arctic seabird species as environmental indicators . 64 (g) The conservation concerns for Arctic seabirds . 66 i 1 Introduction During recent years a Circumpolar Biodiversity “Assessing and Monitoring Arctic Biodiversity” and Monitoring Program (CBMP) has been developed by more specifically, the development of the CBMP falls the CAFF (Conservation of Arctic Flora and Fauna) under the following recommendation: Working Group of the Arctic Council (AC). The third AC ministerial meeting in Finland, October 2002, “Build on national and international work to endorsed the framework of activities, which included implement a program to monitor biodiversity biodiversity monitoring, for the CAFF Working at the circumpolar level that will allow for Group for years to come. The CBMP Framework regional assessments, integration with other document was published in 2004 (Petersen, Zöckler environmental monitoring programs, and & Gunnarsdóttir 2004). At the fourth AC ministerial comparison of the Arctic with other regions of the in Iceland in November 2004 the Circumpolar globe” (CAFF 2002, p. 10). Biodiversity Monitoring Program was finally endorsed as a cornerstone program of CAFF for the future. As initial components of the CBMP seven monitoring The CBMP was launched at a meeting in Cambridge, networks were identified in order to start the process England, in September 2005 and since then the of developing and executing such a program, of infrastructure of the program has been developed, which networks seabirds were considered one (CAFF including indicators and implementation plan, while 2000). The Circumpolar Seabird Group (CBird), with networking to dozens of different programs has been Iceland and USA as leads, were charged with the made (CAFF 2008a). An important development was task of putting together a framework for an integrated the publication of the ACIA report, which called for monitoring program for seabirds, initially mentioned various biological information in relation to climate in the CAFF Work Plan for 2002-2004 (CAFF 2000). change (Arctic Climate Impact Assessment 2004). CAFF has identified the CBMP as the main response Clearly not all seabird species can be included in to this call by the Arctic Council. a circumpolar monitoring program at all stages of their life cycle, for that seabird species are too many. Monitoring 1 was identified early on in CAFF´s work as Hence the challenge is to cover Arctic seabirds in an important conservation tool. In the Arctic Flora and as representative yet pragmatic way possible, at the Fauna. Recommendations for Conservation (CAFF same time taking into account on-going monitoring 2002) monitoring was one of the five objectives activities. This task involves, inter alia , (a) identifying that were selected to guide future CAFF work. the types of monitoring needs, (b) suggesting what Therein monitoring is addressed under the heading monitoring parameters are important for individual 1Many definitions exist for monitoring, but in the present context this is in essence defined as regular, standardized observations of elements of the environ - ment, creating long-term series of information. Hence trends, which otherwise may go unnoticed until too late, are realized at an earlier stage, early enough to counteract them with the appropriate mitigation measures, if needed or feasible. Greg Robertson: Preparing to photograph a murre colony in Witless Bay , Canada 2005. 2 elements of the program, and (c) selecting the most including researchers, local communities, educators, appropriate species for monitoring. The important managers, policy makers, and the general public at issue of this exercise is to recognize the circumpolar large. aspect, while individual national programs may also have other, more domestic, objectives or emphases. Rationale The
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Population Increases of Large Bird Species in Relation to Impact Standards for Aircraft Engines and Airframes
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln USDA National Wildlife Research Center - Staff U.S. Department of Agriculture: Animal and Publications Plant Health Inspection Service February 2002 POPULATION INCREASES OF LARGE BIRD SPECIES IN RELATION TO IMPACT STANDARDS FOR AIRCRAFT ENGINES AND AIRFRAMES Richard A. Dolbeer U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Wildlife Research Center Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/icwdm_usdanwrc Part of the Environmental Sciences Commons Dolbeer, Richard A., "POPULATION INCREASES OF LARGE BIRD SPECIES IN RELATION TO IMPACT STANDARDS FOR AIRCRAFT ENGINES AND AIRFRAMES" (2002). USDA National Wildlife Research Center - Staff Publications. 153. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/icwdm_usdanwrc/153 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the U.S. Department of Agriculture: Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in USDA National Wildlife Research Center - Staff Publications by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Dolbeer 1 POPULATION INCREASES OF LARGE BIRD SPECIES IN RELATION TO IMPACT STANDARDS FOR AIRCRAFT ENGINES AND AIRFRAMES By: Richard A. Dolbeer U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Wildlife Research Center, 6100 Columbus Avenue, Sandusky, Ohio 44870 USA Paul Eschenfelder Air Line Pilots Association, 16326 Cranwood, Spring, Texas, 77379 USA PRESENTED FOR THE 2002 FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER CONFERENCE 02/02 Dolbeer 2 ABSTRACT: Bird-aircraft collisions (bird strikes) are an increasing safety and economic concern to the USA civil aviation industry, costing over $400 million each year. One approach to reducing risks associated with strikes is to require commercial aircraft components to meet certain standards of safe performance in the event of a bird strike.
    [Show full text]
  • US Fish & Wildlife Service Seabird Conservation Plan—Pacific Region
    U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service Seabird Conservation Plan Conservation Seabird Pacific Region U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service Seabird Conservation Plan—Pacific Region 120 0’0"E 140 0’0"E 160 0’0"E 180 0’0" 160 0’0"W 140 0’0"W 120 0’0"W 100 0’0"W RUSSIA CANADA 0’0"N 0’0"N 50 50 WA CHINA US Fish and Wildlife Service Pacific Region OR ID AN NV JAP CA H A 0’0"N I W 0’0"N 30 S A 30 N L I ort I Main Hawaiian Islands Commonwealth of the hwe A stern A (see inset below) Northern Mariana Islands Haw N aiian Isla D N nds S P a c i f i c Wake Atoll S ND ANA O c e a n LA RI IS Johnston Atoll MA Guam L I 0’0"N 0’0"N N 10 10 Kingman Reef E Palmyra Atoll I S 160 0’0"W 158 0’0"W 156 0’0"W L Howland Island Equator A M a i n H a w a i i a n I s l a n d s Baker Island Jarvis N P H O E N I X D IN D Island Kauai S 0’0"N ONE 0’0"N I S L A N D S 22 SI 22 A PAPUA NEW Niihau Oahu GUINEA Molokai Maui 0’0"S Lanai 0’0"S 10 AMERICAN P a c i f i c 10 Kahoolawe SAMOA O c e a n Hawaii 0’0"N 0’0"N 20 FIJI 20 AUSTRALIA 0 200 Miles 0 2,000 ES - OTS/FR Miles September 2003 160 0’0"W 158 0’0"W 156 0’0"W (800) 244-WILD http://www.fws.gov Information U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Sterna Hirundo)
    Vol. 1931XLVIII1 j JACKSONANDALLAN, C0•/gat/• ofTer•. 17 EXPERIMENT IN THE KECOLONIZATION OF THE COMMON TERN • (STERNA HIRUNDO). BY C. F. JACKSON AND PHILIP F. ALLAN. DURINGthe summerof 1929an attemptwas made at the Marine ZoologicalLaboratory at the Islesof Shoalsto establisha colony of Terns (Sternahitundo) on North Head of AppledoreIsland. This colonization was tried because of the threatened destruction of the colonyon Londoner'sIsland. The first recordsof a colonyof thesebirds at the Shoalscome from two of the oldest inhabitants. "Uncle" Oscar Leighton, ninety-oneyears of age, recalls a colony on Duck Island where thousandsof "mackerelgulls" nestedyearly. In his boyhood the fishermenused to collectthe eggsfor food,and the men and youthsshot the adults for the feathers. This colonypersisted until 1898 when "Captain" Caswellmoved to Duck Island. As a resultof this disturbance,the colonymigrated "down the Maine Coast" and settledon variousislands. In 1922a few pairsstarted nestingon Londoner'sIsland. This new colonyincreased rapidly and duringthe summerof 1928approximately one thousandpairs were breeding on the island. The year after the establishmentof the colony,a cottagewas erectedon the'island. The cottage,however, was not occupied to any extent until the summerof 1927. At this time the island wassold and the newowner, not desiringthe presenceof the birds, set aboutto drive them from the island. The eggswere destroyed, the youngwere killed, and the adultskept in a state of constant confusion. During the summerof 1929 large numbersof eggs were broken,and numerousyoung were killed. A dog was kept rovingthe islandand nosedout and killed many of the fledglings, and a flockof hensdestroyed great numbers of eggs. Althoughthe situationwas unfortunate, the ownerwas evidently well within his rightsin destroyingthe birdson his own property.
    [Show full text]
  • Research, Monitoring, and Evaluation of Avian Predation on Salmonid Smolts in the Lower and Mid‐Columbia River
    Bonneville Power Administration, USACE – Portland District, USACE – Walla Walla District, and Grant County Public Utility District Research, Monitoring, and Evaluation of Avian Predation on Salmonid Smolts in the Lower and Mid‐Columbia River 2013 Draft Annual Report 1 2013 Draft Annual Report Bird Research Northwest Research, Monitoring, and Evaluation of Avian Predation on Salmonid Smolts in the Lower and Mid‐Columbia River 2013 Draft Annual Report This 2013 Draft Annual Report has been prepared for the Bonneville Power Administration, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, and the Grant County Public Utility District for the purpose of assessing project accomplishments. This report is not for citation without permission of the authors. Daniel D. Roby, Principal Investigator U.S. Geological Survey ‐ Oregon Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit Department of Fisheries and Wildlife Oregon State University Corvallis, Oregon 97331‐3803 Internet: [email protected] Telephone: 541‐737‐1955 Ken Collis, Co‐Principal Investigator Real Time Research, Inc. 52 S.W. Roosevelt Avenue Bend, Oregon 97702 Internet: [email protected] Telephone: 541‐382‐3836 Donald Lyons, Jessica Adkins, Yasuko Suzuki, Peter Loschl, Timothy Lawes, Kirsten Bixler, Adam Peck‐Richardson, Allison Patterson, Stefanie Collar, Alexa Piggott, Helen Davis, Jen Mannas, Anna Laws, John Mulligan, Kelly Young, Pam Kostka, Nate Banet, Ethan Schniedermeyer, Amy Wilson, and Allison Mohoric Department of Fisheries and Wildlife Oregon State University Corvallis, Oregon 97331‐3803 2 2013 Draft Annual Report Bird Research Northwest Allen Evans, Bradley Cramer, Mike Hawbecker, Nathan Hostetter, and Aaron Turecek Real Time Research, Inc. 52 S.W. Roosevelt Ave. Bend, Oregon 97702 Jen Zamon NOAA Fisheries – Pt.
    [Show full text]
  • South Florida Wading Bird Report 2000
    SOUTH FLORIDA WADING BIRD REPORT Volume 6, Issue 1 Dale E. Gawlik, Editor September 2000 SYSTEM-WIDE SUMMARY the ecosystem prior to the breeding season (probably because of droughts in the SE U.S.), a very wet system at the start of At the start of the dry season, water levels throughout the the dry season (even the short hydroperiod marshes were Everglades were much higher than normal due to Hurricane inundated), and a rapid and prolonged drydown (concentrated Irene. As the dry season progressed, water levels receded prey patches moved over the entire landscape as water receded rapidly so that by June, they were close to, or slightly above, across it). But, other hypotheses are equally plausible (see normal. A heavy rain in April caused water levels to rise Frederick et al. this report). Determining causation so that key quickly, albeit temporarily, but the amount of increase differed conditions can be repeated will require both long-term among regions, as did the response by wading birds. monitoring and shorter-term experiments and modeling. The estimated number of wading bird nests in south Florida in Past differences in survey methodology and effort among 2000 was 39,480 (excluding Cattle Egrets, which are not regions are starting to be addressed. All regions of the dependent on wetlands). That represents a 40% increase over Everglades proper now have systematic aerial colony surveys. 1999, which was one of the best years in a decade. Increased However, ground counts are not universal and no surveys are nesting effort in 2000 was almost solely a function of increases done in Big Cypress National Preserve or Lake Okeechobee.
    [Show full text]
  • Migratory Birds Index
    CAFF Assessment Series Report September 2015 Arctic Species Trend Index: Migratory Birds Index ARCTIC COUNCIL Acknowledgements CAFF Designated Agencies: • Norwegian Environment Agency, Trondheim, Norway • Environment Canada, Ottawa, Canada • Faroese Museum of Natural History, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands (Kingdom of Denmark) • Finnish Ministry of the Environment, Helsinki, Finland • Icelandic Institute of Natural History, Reykjavik, Iceland • Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Greenland • Russian Federation Ministry of Natural Resources, Moscow, Russia • Swedish Environmental Protection Agency, Stockholm, Sweden • United States Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, Anchorage, Alaska CAFF Permanent Participant Organizations: • Aleut International Association (AIA) • Arctic Athabaskan Council (AAC) • Gwich’in Council International (GCI) • Inuit Circumpolar Council (ICC) • Russian Indigenous Peoples of the North (RAIPON) • Saami Council This publication should be cited as: Deinet, S., Zöckler, C., Jacoby, D., Tresize, E., Marconi, V., McRae, L., Svobods, M., & Barry, T. (2015). The Arctic Species Trend Index: Migratory Birds Index. Conservation of Arctic Flora and Fauna, Akureyri, Iceland. ISBN: 978-9935-431-44-8 Cover photo: Arctic tern. Photo: Mark Medcalf/Shutterstock.com Back cover: Red knot. Photo: USFWS/Flickr Design and layout: Courtney Price For more information please contact: CAFF International Secretariat Borgir, Nordurslod 600 Akureyri, Iceland Phone: +354 462-3350 Fax: +354 462-3390 Email: [email protected] Internet: www.caff.is This report was commissioned and funded by the Conservation of Arctic Flora and Fauna (CAFF), the Biodiversity Working Group of the Arctic Council. Additional funding was provided by WWF International, the Zoological Society of London (ZSL) and the Convention on Migratory Species (CMS). The views expressed in this report are the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Arctic Council or its members.
    [Show full text]
  • Supplementary Information
    Supporting Information Balk et al. 10.1073/pnas.0902903106 Movie S1. A paralyzed herring gull (Larus argentatus). This movie shows a specimen from the County of So¨ dermanland (region G in Fig. 1). Both wings are equally paralyzed and the beak has no strength, whereas mobility and control of the head still remain. In this work we demonstrate that the probability to remedy an individual in this condition by thiamine treatment is very high. The movie is taken in the field, but the specimen is placed on a black tablecloth in order to remove disturbing background and enhance contrast. Movie S1 (AVI) Other Supporting Information Files SI Appendix Balk et al. www.pnas.org/cgi/content/short/0902903106 1of1 Supporting Information Wild birds of declining European species are dying from a thiamine deficiency syndrome L. Balk*, P.-Å. Hägerroth, G. Åkerman, M. Hanson, U. Tjärnlund, T. Hansson, G. T. Hallgrimsson, Y. Zebühr, D. Broman, T. Mörner, H. Sundberg *Corresponding author: [email protected] Contents Pages M & M Materials and Methods. 2–10 Text S1 Additional bird species affected by the paralytic disease. 11 Text S2 Additional results for eggs. 12–13 Text S3 Results for liver body index (LBI) in pulli. 14–15 Text S4 Breeding output and population estimates. 16–18 Text S5 Elaborated discussion of important aspects. 19–27 Acknowl. Further acknowledgements. 28 Fig. S1 a–j The 83 locations where samples were collected. 29–30 Fig. S2 a–d Pigmentation changes in the iris of the herring gull (Larus argentatus). 31 Fig. S3 Liver α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (KGDH) in common black-headed gull (Chroicocephalus ridibundus).
    [Show full text]
  • Conference Highlights, Bird List and Photos
    Highlights of the 2013 WFO Conference in Petaluma, California WFO’s 2013 Conference was one of our most successful meetings ever. We set a new WFO record with over 270 registrants. Science Sessions included descriptions of a new species of seabird, Bryan's Shearwater. Ed Harper’s photo ID quizzes tested our skills with visual challenges and Nathan Pieplow enlightened us with his creative and educational arrangements of bird sounds. The headquarters of PRBO Conservation Science gave us the ideal venue for our opening reception where we enjoyed seeing some of the latest work of artists Sophie Webb and Keith Hansen. We offered six workshops covering a variety of field skills. Thirty-eight field trips, including four pelagic trips, produced a list 240 species. Details below… WFO 2013 Petaluma Science Sessions The Science Sessions kicked off with Peter Pyle presenting on the discovery and identification of a new seabird species, Bryan's Shearwater. Thanks to the efforts of Debbie Vandooremolen and Dave Quady, the session offered a wide variety of presentations including papers on west coast occurrence and identification of "Vega" gull and Common Eider, numerous papers on status and conservation issues involving shorebirds, raptors, Black-backed Woodpecker, Gray Vireo, Tricolored Blackbird, Black Rail, Bendire's Thrasher, grassland birds of the southwest, and more. Other presentations covered use of "citizen science" data including eBird data and Breeding Bird Atlas results. Russ Bradley's Keynote talk gave us all a good overview of the great work being conducted by PRBO Conservation Science on the Farallon Islands and revealed some fascinating data about changes in the ocean ecosystem affecting breeding seabirds.
    [Show full text]
  • Changes in Abundance and Distribution of Nesting Double-Crested Cormorants Phalacrocorax Auritus in the San Francisco Bay Area, 1975–2017
    Rauzon et al.: Changes in nesting Double-Crested Cormorants in San Francisco Bay area 127 CHANGES IN ABUNDANCE AND DISTRIBUTION OF NESTING DOUBLE-CRESTED CORMORANTS PHALACROCORAX AURITUS IN THE SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA, 1975–2017 MARK J. RAUZON1*, MEREDITH L. ELLIOTT2, PHILLIP J. CAPITOLO3, L. MAX TARJAN4, GERARD J. McCHESNEY5, JOHN P. KELLY6 & HARRY R. CARTER7† 1Laney College, Geography Department, 900 Fallon Street, Oakland, CA 94607, USA *([email protected]) 2Point Blue Conservation Science, 3820 Cypress Drive, #11, Petaluma, CA 94954, USA 3Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California Santa Cruz, 115 McAllister Way, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, USA 4San Francisco Bay Bird Observatory, 524 Valley Way, Milpitas, CA 95035, USA 5US Fish and Wildlife Service, San Francisco Bay National Wildlife Refuge Complex, 1 Marshlands Road, Fremont, CA 94555, USA 6Audubon Canyon Ranch, Cypress Grove Research Center, P.O. Box 808, Marshall, CA 94940, USA 7Humboldt State University, Department of Wildlife, 1 Harpst Street, Arcata, CA 95521, USA †Deceased Received 19 October 2018, accepted 13 February 2019 ABSTRACT RAUZON, M.J., ELLIOTT, M.L., CAPITOLO, P.J., TARJAN, L.M., McCHESNEY, G.J., KELLY, J.P. & CARTER, H.R. 2019. Changes in abundance and distribution of nesting Double-crested Cormorants Phalacrocorax auritus in the San Francisco Bay area, 1975–2017. Marine Ornithology 47: 127–138. In the San Francisco Bay area, California, the Double-crested Cormorant Phalacrocorax auritus population has recovered from significant declines to reach breeding population sizes comparable to those from the late 19th century, when only one colony offshore at the South Farallon Islands (SFI) was known.
    [Show full text]
  • Runde Miljøsenter: North Atlantic Seabird Seminar
    North Atlantic Seabird Seminar – Fosnavåg, Norway 20-21 April 2015 Michael Hundeide (ed.) Runde Environmental Centre In cooperation with: Birdlife Norway (NOF) and Norwegian Biologist Association (BiO). Distribution: Open/Closed Runde Miljøsenter AS Client(s) 6096 Runde Org. Nr. 987 410 752 MVA Telephone: +47 70 08 08 00 E-mail: [email protected] Date: Web: www.rundesenteret.no 18.09.2015 Report Runde Miljøsenter Norsk: Nordatlantisk sjøfuglseminar 2015. Fosnavåg 20. og 21. April Rapportnummer: English: North Atlantic Seabird Seminar – Fosnavåg, Norway 20-21 April 2015 Author(s): Number of pages: Michael Hundeide (ed.) 52 Key words: Seabird ecology, Runde, North Atlantic, sand eel Sammendrag (Norsk):Rapporten er en gjengivelse av de temaer som ble presentert og diskutert på det internasjonale sjøfuglseminaret i Fosnavåg 20. og 21. april 2015: En rekke sjøfuglbestander har hatt en drastisk tilbakegang på Runde i senere år. Særlig gjelder dette artene: Krykkje, havhest, toppskarv, lomvi, alke, lunde m.fl. Med unntak av havsule, storjo og havørn som har hatt en økende tendens, har så å si samtlige av de andre sjøfuglartene gått ned. Denne situasjonen er ikke enestående for Runde og Norge, samme tendens gjør seg også gjeldende i Storbritannia, på Island og i hele Nordøst -Atlanteren. Selv om årsakene til krisen hos sjøfuglene er sammensatte og komplekse, var de fleste innleggsholderne enige om følgende punkter: 1) En vesentlig del av årsaken til krisen for sjøfuglbestandene på Runde og i Nordøst-Atlanteren skyldes mangel på egnet energirik mat (fettrik fisk av rett størrelse særlig tobis i Skottland, Færøyene og Sør-Vestlige Island) i hekkesesongen. Dette kan i sin tur forklares som en indirekte effekt av en liten økning i gjennomsnittstemperatur i havet.
    [Show full text]
  • P0529-P0540.Pdf
    RESPONSES TO HIGH TEMPERATURE IN NESTLING DOUBLE-CRESTED AND PELAGIC CORMORANTS ROBERT C. L^$IEWSKI AND GREGORY K. SNYDER ADULTand nestlingcormorants are often subjectto overheatingfrom insolationat the nest. Their generallydark plumage,exposed nest sites, and reradiation from surroundingrocks aggravate the thermal stress. Young nestlingsmust be shieldedfrom the sun by their parents. Older nestlingsand adults compensatefor heat gain throughbehavioral adjust- mentsand modulationof evaporativecooling by pantingand gular flutter- ing. This study was undertakento examinesome of the responsesto high temperaturein nestlingsof two speciesof cormorants,the Double-crested Cormorant,Phalacrocorax auritus, and the PelagicCormorant, P. pelagicus. The evaporative cooling responsesin birds have been studied in some detail in recent years (see Bartholomewet al., 1962; Lasiewski et al., 1966; Bartholomewet al., 1968; Calder and Schmidt-Nielsen,1968, for more detailed discussions),although much still remains to be learned. MATERIALS AND •VIETI-IODS The nestling cormorantsused in this study (four Phalacrocoraxpelagicus and four P. auritus) were captured from nests on rocky islands off the northwest coast of Washington. As their dates of hatchingwere not known it was impossibleto provide exact ages. From comparisonsof feather developmentwith descriptionsin the literature (Bent, 1922; Palmer, 1962), we judged that the pe'lagicuschicks were approximately 5, 5, 6, and 6 weeksold, while'the auritus chickswere 3.5, 3.5, 4.5, and 6 weeksof age upon capture. The nestlingswere taken to the laboratoriesat Friday Harbor, Washington on the day of capture and housed in three 4' X 4' X 4' chicken wire cages. The cageswere equippedwith plywood platforms for the birds to sit on and coveredon top and two sides to shield birds from wind and rain.
    [Show full text]
  • Seabird Curriculum Book, by the Alaska
    LEARN ABOUT SEABIRDS DEAR EDUCATOR, The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service believes that education plays a vital role in preparing young Alaskans to make wise decisions about fish and wildlife resource issues. The Service in Alaska has developed several educational curricula including “Teach about Geese,” “Wetlands and Wildlife,” and “The Role of Fire in Alaska.” The goal of these curricula is to teach students about Alaska’s natural resource topics so they will have the information and skills necessary to make informed decisions in the future. Many species of seabirds are found in Alaska; about 86 percent of the total U.S. population of seabirds occur here. Seabirds are an important socioeconomic resource in Alaska. Seabirds are vulnerable to impacts, some caused by people and others caused by animals. The “Learn About Seabirds” teaching packet is designed to teach 4-6 grade Alaskans about Alaska’s seabird popula- tions, the worldwide significance of seabirds, and the impacts seabirds are vulnerable to. The “Learn About Seabirds” teaching packet includes: * A Teacher’s Background Story * 12 teaching activities * A Guide to Alaskan Seabirds * Zoobooks Seabirds * A full color poster - Help Protect Alaska’s Seabirds Topics that are covered in the packet include seabird identification, food webs, population dynam- ics, predator/prey relationships, adaptations of seabirds to their habitats, traditional uses by people, and potential adverse impacts to seabirds and their habitats. The interdisciplinary activities are sequenced so that important concepts build upon one another. Training workshops can be arranged in your region to introduce these materials to teachers and other community members.
    [Show full text]