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Home , Transubstantiation

Eucharist, Pt. 2 Transubstantiation & Why It Matters Potency: food (usually Act: wafer gauge by highest human utility)

Bread

Accidents: flat, round, Substance: breadness white, unleavened, bland, &c. Transubstantiation

Potency: food (usually Act: wafer gauge by highest human utility)

Bread

Accidents: flat, round, Substance: breadness white, unleavened, bland, &c. Transubstantiation: Changing Bread into His Body, Wine into His “It is no less a feat to give things their original nature than to change their nature…Could not Christ’s word, which can make from nothing what did not exist, change existing things into what they were not before?”

St. Transubstantiation

Potency: food (usually Act: wafer gauge by highest human utility)

Body

Accidents: flat, round, Substance: white, unleavened, Christ bland, &c. Transubstantiation

Potency: food (usually Act: flesh gauge by highest human utility)

Body

Accidents: flat, round, Substance: Jesus white, unleavened, Christ bland, &c. Transubstantiation

Potency: food (usually Act: flesh gauge by highest human utility)

Body

Accidents: flat, round, Substance: Jesus white, unleavened, Christ bland, &c. Transubstantiation

Act: flesh Potency:

Body

Accidents: flat, round, Substance: Jesus white, unleavened, Christ bland, &c. Transubstantiation

Potency: Act: flesh PURE ACT

Body

Accidents: flat, round, Substance: Jesus white, unleavened, Christ bland, &c. Catholic Thought

“Our way of thinking is attuned to the & the Eucharist, in turn, confirms our way of thinking.”

St. of

“The source and summit of the Christian Life.” LG 11

“The Eucharist is the efficacious sign and sublime cause of that in the divine life and that unity of the People of God by which the Church is best kept in being.” CCC 1325 The Divine Life: True , True Vulnerability

“A true sacrifice is whatever work is accomplished with the object of establishing our holy union with God.” St. Augustine

“The Eucharist is the chief instrument of the Christian’s divination.” St. Theodore of Mopsuestia The Divine Life we seek to be unified with calls for complete self- surrender. The singularity of the Sacrifice of the Eucharist gives us a view of what life is like in – total purgation of self to be completely fulfilled by the love of another. We give that we may receive. This is how the is sustained and functions perpetually. Food to Grow into what?

Specifically, to be unified with the Person of Jesus Christ, crucified and died on the Cross.

So that we can be united within the Trinitarian Life and be one with the Father in Christ through the Holy Spirit. This is the Lamb of God

“We become Christ- bearers, since His body and blood are distributed throughout our limbs…we are made partakers of the divine nature.” St. Communion in the Divine Life

“The Eucharist is the Sacrament of Love; it is Love, and it causes love.” St.

The Cross as a Love Story, the Eucharist as an Love Affair.

This is what makes it effectiveness hyper-uniting: because it is a total out-pouring for the Father & the World, universally diffusive, Love in Pure Act in our presence, inside ourselves. Communion with Pure Love

“The whole redeemed community, that is the congregation and society of , is the universal sacrifice offered to God through the great high priest, who offered Himself in His passion for us, so that we might be the body of so great a head… When then the Apostle exhorted us to present bodies as a living victim…this is the sacrifice of Christians: we who are many are one body in Christ. The Church celebrates it in the sacrament of the which is so familiar to the faithful, in which is shown that in what she offers she herself is offered…the most splendid and excellent sacrifice consists of ourselves, His people. This is the sacrifice, the mystery whereof we celebrate in our .” St. Augustine That We May Live FOREVER

“The consecrated bread and wine have the power of conveying immortality.”

St. Theodore of Mopsuestia That We May Live WITH GOD

“The effect of the Eucharist is the transformation of man into God.”

St. Thomas Aquinas That We May Live IN LOVE

“ is the sacrament of Christ’s death and Passion, according as a man is born anew in Christ in virtue of His Passion; but the Eucharist is the sacrament of Christ’s Passion according as a man is made perfect in Who suffered. Hence, Baptism is called the sacrament of Faith, which is the foundation of the spiritual life, so the Eucharist is termed the sacrament of Charity, which is the bond of perfection.

St. Thomas Aquinas III.73.3.Rep3 Catholic Thought

“Our way of thinking is attuned to the Eucharist & the Eucharist, in turn, confirms our way of thinking.”

St. Irenaeus Confirming Our Thinking

Transubstantiation

• A substantial, elemental • An infused grace without shift occurs. a substantial change

• Normal material becomes • Inherent anti-materialism supernatural; divinized; and strict view of the Fall as decreasing potency of positive potency. all material, especially humans (“snow-covered”) • Irreversible, Total Presence in each element. • Temporary nature of the infusion. Confirming Our Thinking

Transubstantiation Consubstantiation The Christ PLEASES the Christ APPEASES the Father through His freely Father Father who is owed a accepted sacrifice of debt and requires Charity that propitiates. Christ on justice. the Cross

The People Confirming Our Thinking

Transubstantiation Consubstantiation The Christ humbles Himself even Christ merits grace which He further to become food and Father uses to infuse elements of bread drink, taking on the accidents & wine for a symbolic of bread and wine to penetrate memorial meal. our very being; nurture & Christ on sustain us. the Cross

The People Confirming Our Thinking

Transubstantiation Consubstantiation We can connect The ourselves to Him, The People can divinizing our flesh Father only receive and cooperating in gilding from the salvific work of Christ on the . We can Christ on Cross, taking no purge ourselves of sin the Cross substantial change & impurity through except His sacrifice on the superficially. This Cross and truly gilding satisfies become sanctified The People God and because through Him. We it is not a change can change, be good, in nature, it can & please the Father, be limited to forever & universally. Elect. Saints & . Transubstantiation

Act: flesh Potency:

Body

Accidents: flat, round, Substance: Jesus white, unleavened, Christ bland, &c. Transubstantiation & NOT Transaccidentalism “It is evident to sense that all the accidents of the bread and wine remain after the . And this is reasonably done by Divine providence. First of all, because it is not customary, but horrible, for men to eat human flesh, and to drink blood. And therefore Christ’s flesh are set before us to be partaken of under the species of those things which are most commonly used by men, namely bread and wine. Secondly, lest this sacrament might be derided by unbelievers, if we were to eat our Lord under His own species. Thirdly, that while we receive our Lord’s body and blood invisibly, this may redound to the merit of faith.” One Holy & Apostolic Church

Purity & Sanctity of Recipients:

Catholics demand a Clean Breast

Lutherans, &c. consume with knowledge of sin believing it for remission.

Ecclesiological Differences: The Communion unifies the Mystical , who is to be sacrificed to achieve graces to forgive sins. This means, however, the sacrifice be acceptable to God the Almighty Father. The Greatest of All Sacraments

“Absolutely speaking, the sacrament of the Eucharist is the greatest of all the sacraments: and this may be shown in three ways.

First of all because it contains Christ Himself substantially: whereas the other sacraments contain a certain instrumental power which is a share in Christ’s power…[the Eucharist] is essentially [Christ]… The Greatest of All Sacraments

“Secondly…all the other Sacraments seem to be ordained to this one as their end. For it is manifest that…Orders is ordained to the consecration…Baptism to the reception… Confirmation so as not to fear to abstain from…by Penance and Unction man is prepared to receive the Body of Christ worthily. And Matrimony…in so far as it signifies the union of Christ with Church, of which the Eucharist is a figure…”

“Thirdly, nearly all the sacraments terminate in the Eucharist…” III.65.3.Ans. “…nearly all the sacraments terminate in the Eucharist…”

“Nevertheless the liturgy is the summit toward which the activity of the Church is directed; at the same time it is the fountain from which all her power flows. For the goal of apostolic works is that all who are made Sons of God by faith and baptism should come together to praise God in the midst of His Church, to take part in her sacrifice, and to the eat ’s supper. The liturgy in turn inspires the faithful to become ‘of one heart in love’ when they have tasted to their full of the paschal mysteries; it prays that ‘they may grasp by deed what they hold by creed.’ The renewal in the Eucharist of the covenant between the Lord and man draws the faithful into the compelling love of Christ and set them afire. From the liturgy, therefore, and especially from the Eucharist, as from a fountain, grace is channeled into us; and the of men in Christ and the of God, to which all other activities of the Church are directed as towards their goal, are most powerfully achieved.” Constitution on the Sacred Liturgy