USAID MIKAJY USAIDQUARTERLY MIKAJY PROGRESS REPORT QUARTERLYFY 2020 QUARTER PROGRESS 1 – OCTOBER REPORT 1, TO DECEMBER 31, 2020

FY 2020 QUARTER 1 – OCTOBER TO

Submission Date: February 24, 2020

Contract Number: 72068718C00002 Contract Period: May 7, 2018, to May 6, 2023 COR Name: Tiana Razafimahatratra

Submitted by: Andrew Cooke, Chief of Party, USAID Mikajy Tetra Tech Phone: + 261.33.11.333.45 Email: [email protected]

This document was produced for review and approval by the United States Agency for International Development/Madagascar (USAID/Madagascar).

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Table of Contents ...... 1 Acronyms and Abbreviations ...... 3 1. Activity Overview ...... 7 1.1 Activity Details ...... 7 1.2 Executive Summary ...... 8 2. National Summary ...... 13 2.1 Strategic Approach 1: Nature ...... 13 2.2 Strategic Approach 2: Wealth ...... 15 2.3 Strategic Approach 3: Resilient Communities ...... 18 2.4 Strategic Approach 4: Action ...... 18 2.5 Strategic Approach 5: Power ...... 20 3. MaMaBay Implementation ...... 21 3.1 Strategic Approach 1: Nature ...... 21 3.2 Strategic Approach 2: Wealth ...... 26 3.3 Strategic Approach 3: Resilient Communities ...... 28 3.4 Strategic Approach 4: Action ...... 29 3.5 Strategic Approach 5: Power ...... 30 4. Menabe Implementation ...... 33 4.1 Strategic Approach 1: Nature ...... 35 4.2 Strategic Approach 2: Wealth ...... 42 4.3 Strategic Approach 3: Resilient Communities ...... 45 4.4 Strategic Approach 4: Action ...... 46 4.5 Strategic Approach 5: Power ...... 48 5. Crosscutting Efforts ...... 51 5.1 Gender ...... 51 5.2 Youth ...... 51 5.3 Technology ...... 51 5.4 Climate ...... 51 6. Collaboration and Knowledge Sharing ...... 53 6.1 Collaboration with USAID Hay Tao ...... 53 6.2 Collaboration with other USAID Activities ...... 53 6.3 Collaboration with Government and Other Donors ...... 54 6.4 Monitoring, Evaluation, and Learning ...... 54 7. Administration ...... 57

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 1/97 7.1 Program Management and Administration ...... 57 7.2 List of Staff and Consultants International Travel ...... 57 7.3 Key Communication Activities ...... 58 8. Annexes ...... 59 Annex I. Q1 Indicator Performance Tracking Table ...... 60 Annex II. Success Stories ...... 63 Annex III. Activity Tables ...... 67 Annex IV: Grants and Local Subcontracts Under the Activity ...... 81 Annex V: Marine Strategy Summary ...... 83 Annex VI. Environmental and Climate Risk Management Compliance ...... 86 Annex VII. USAID Mikajy Organizational Chart ...... 96

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 2/97 ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

AGP Agents de Parc (Park Agents) APMA Aire Protegee Menabe Antimena (Protected Area Menabe Antimena) APS Annual Program Statement AROL Armand & Olivier ATM Anjiamazava Tanambao Miray AVAMA Ankofabe – Voloina – Ambinanitelo – Mahalevona AVG Alliance Voahary Gasy BIF Birao Ifotony Fananan-tany (Guichet Foncier) BV Blue Ventures CBA Cost Benefits Analysis CBNRM Community-Based Natural Resources Management CCP Conservation and Communities Project CCZ Comité de Coordination Zonaux CF Conservation Farming CI Conservation International COAP Code des Aires Protégées (Protected Areas Code) COBA Communauté de Base (equivalent of VOI – cf infra) COP Chief of Party COPEFRITO Compagnie de Pèche Frigorifique de Tuléar COR Contract Officer Representative CRC Coastal Resources Center, University of Rhode Island (USAID Hay Tao partner) CRM Climate Risk Management CRMP Climate Risk Management Plan CS Chef Secteur CSO Civil Society Organization CTD Collectivités Territoriales Décentralisées CU Communes Urbaines DGM General Directorate of Meteorology DRAEP Regional Directorate of Agriculture, Farming, and Fisheries

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 3/97 DREDD Direction Régionale de l’Environnement et du Développement Durable EMMP Environmental Monitoring and Mitigation Plan FAM Fiarovana Alan’i Marovovonana FDA Agricultural Development Fund FIVE Force Instrumentale pour Valoriser Ensemble FMTIA Fikambanana Miaro ny Tontolo Iainana Ambalamahogo FOSA Fo Sarotiny amin’ny Ala FPBA Baie d’Antongil Fishermen’s Federation FVAS Fiarovan’ny Vahoaka ny Alan’i Soanafindra FVFA Fiarovana ny Vahoaka Faritr’Anjinjahely FY Fiscal Year GIZ Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit GoM Government of Madagascar GPS Global Positioning System Ha Hectare IRD Institut de recherche pour le développement JB Joliment Bon KMMFA Komity Miaro ny Ala KMT-BSM Kirindy Mitea National Park – Belo sur Mer Marine Protected Area LEM SMART Law Enforcement Spatial Monitoring and Reporting Tools LMMA Locally Managed Marine Area MAEP Ministère de l’Agriculture, de l’Elevage et de la pêche MaMaBay Makira-Masoala-Bay of Antongil MBC Madagascar Biodiversity Center MEDD Ministère de l’Environnement et de Développement Durable MEL Monitoring, Evaluation, and Learning METT Management Effectiveness Tracking Tool MIHARI Madagascar Locally Managed Marine Area Network MNP Madagascar National Parks MoU Memorandum of Understanding MSIS Multi-Sector Information Service

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 4/97 MSME Micro, Small, and Medium-Sized Enterprises NCBA-CLUSA National Cooperative Business Association Cooperative League of the USA NGO Nongovernmental Organization NP Natural Park NRGT Natural Resource and Governance Tool NRM Natural Resources Management Nutri’Zaza Nutrition Zaza [Child Nutrition] OCAT Organizational Capacity Assessment Tool PO Producer Organization OPCI Organisme Public de Coopération Intercommunale OPJ Officier de Police Judiciaire OTIV Ombona Tahiry Ifampisamborana Vola (Micro Finance Institute) PA Protected Area PAG Plan d’Aménagement et de Gestion PAP Plan d’Aménagement des Pêches PCD Pêche Côtière Durable PCDDBA Pêches Côtières Durables De la Baie d’Antongile PEM Participatory Ecological Monitoring PES Payment for Ecosystem Services PHE Population, Health, and Environment PIRS Performance Indicator Reference Sheet PLOF Plan Local d’Occupation Foncière PNAT Plan National d’Aménagement du Territoire PO Producer Organization PUDi Plan d’Urbanisme Directeur Q Quarter RAMEX Ramanandraibe Exportation RBG Kew Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew RA Rainforest Alliance SA Strategic Approach SAC Schéma d’Aménagement Communaux

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 5/97 SAGE Service d’Appui à la Gestion de l’Environnement SAVA Sambava-Antalaha-Vohemar-Andapa SBCC Social Behavior Change Communication SEECALINE Surveillance et Education des Ecoles et des Communautés en matière d’Alimentation et de Nutrition Elargies SIF Sehatra Iombonan’ny Fananan-tany (USAID Hay Tao subcontractor) SMART Spatial Monitoring and Reporting Tool SMTP Société Malgache de Transformation de Plastique SOW Scope of Work SPSM Société de Pêche de Sainte Marie SRAT Schéma Régional d’Aménagement du Territoire STD Services Techniques Deconcentres SWIOFISH2 South West Indian Ocean Fisheries Project (Phase 2) TAFOMIHAAVO Tambazotran’ny Fokonolona Miaro ny Harena Voajanahary TGRH Transfert de Gestion des Ressources Halieutiques TGRN Transfert de Gestion des Ressources Naturelles ToR Terms of Reference USAID United States Agency for International Development USFS United States Forestry Service VHF Vonona Hifanampy amin’ny Fampandrosoana VOI Vondron’Olona Ifotony (or COBA cf supra) VSLA Village Savings and Loans Association WCS Wildlife Conservation Society WRI World Resources Institute WWF World Wide Fund for Nature

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 6/97 1. ACTIVITY OVERVIEW

1.1 Activity Details

The United States Agency for International Development (USAID) Mikajy Activity is a five-year activity in Madagascar to advance biodiversity conservation in forest and coastal ecosystems, strengthen natural resource management and land tenure security among vulnerable populations, and promote sustainable economic growth in rural communities. Madagascar is a hotspot of global biodiversity with a high proportion of endemic plant and animal species. Despite the expansion of Madagascar’s protected area (PA) system and a robust legal framework for environmental protection, the country’s biodiversity is threatened by habitat loss; unsustainable harvesting of fisheries, timber, and wildlife; and the breakdown of both traditional and government resource governance. In the last decade, political instability and stagnant economic growth have exacerbated these threats. The USAID Mikajy Activity fosters sustainable and inclusive economic growth by linking biodiversity conservation and improved natural resource management with sustainable livelihood development. Table 1: Activity Details

Activity Name USAID Mikajy Activity

Activity Start/End Date May 7, 2018–May 6, 2023

Name of Prime Implementing Tetra Tech Partner

Contract/Agreement Number 72068718C00002

Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS), National Name of Subcontractors/Sub- Cooperative Business Association Cooperative awardees: League of the USA (NCBA-CLUSA), Viamo, Multi- Sector Information Service (MSIS

Geographic Coverage Makira-Masoala-Bay of Antongil (MaMaBay) and (Governorates/Districts) Menabe

Reporting Period October l, 2019 – December 31, 2019

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 7/97 1.2 Executive Summary

During this Quarter 1 (Q1) reporting period (October–December 2019), USAID Mikajy achieved numerous technical, operational, and administrative milestones and increased the project implementation rate and impact. Technical achievements under Strategic Approach (SA) 1 (Nature) include significant progress on the definition of protected area planning and Transfert de Gestion des Ressources Naturelles (TGRN) tools for application in this year’s round of Management Effectiveness Tracking Tools (METT) and TGRN evaluations. The Mikajy marine strategy (summarized in Annex V) was drafted for both seascapes, Spatial Monitoring and Reporting Tool (SMART) training was completed in both landscapes and a firefighting plan and community fire-fighting activities were undertaken in Menabe. Associated with the fire prevention and enforcement efforts, a sharp dip in forest fires in Menabe was observed for the month of October 2019. In the marine environment, Mikajy established effective coordination between marine partners in Menabe, launched the Menabe fisheries management plan (Plan d’Aménagement des Pêches [PAP]) process and agreed with WCS to establish eight new Locally Managed Marine Areas (LMMAs) in the Bay of Antongil in Fiscal Year (FY) 20. Finally, Mikajy developed a restoration strategy for the two landscapes in FY20 and progressed a series of grants in protected area conservation, marine ecotourism, restoration, reforestation and agroforestry for implementation in Q2 which will contribute to the national restoration effort. Under SA2 (Wealth), Mikajy rounded off the first full year of Rainforest Alliance (RA) aligned vanilla production in MaMaBay with a certification audit, for which the result is expected to be positive, thereby certifying the 2019 production and allowing producers to progress to the next level of the RA standard. Mikajy’s successful interventions in MaMaBay have helped its principal private sector partner McCormick to leverage international finance in responsible vanilla production for MaMaBay and beyond. On the marine front, Mikajy identified potential seaweed production sites in MaMaBay with private sector partner Ocean Farmers and confirmed the potential for extension of existing seaweed farming areas in Menabe. During Q1, Mikajy also developed its first two grants for ecotourism enterprises in MaMaBay, engaged private sector partners in conservation friendly enterprises in Menabe and launched conservation agriculture in Menabe working with local farmers. Under SA3 (Resilience), Mikajy supported community resilience through promoting a mutual health insurance mechanism for vanilla cooperatives, continued developing a scheme for payment for ecosystem services (PES) in the Voloina watershed (MaMaBay) with a private sector power utility and secured access to a stream of climate information from the Government of Madagascar (GoM) Meteorology Directorate for dissemination to landscape actors in both landscapes from Q2 onwards. Under SA4 (Action), Mikajy completed and analyzed the shared vision process in the priority zones in both landscapes, paving the way for geographic extension in FY20 to 24 communes in MaMaBay in FY20 and to the full 11 communes of Menabe. In MaMaBay, Mikajy launched the Plan Local d’Occupation Foncière (PLOF) tool as a means for improving land tenure security for farmers in MaMaBay. As a result, over 1350 land parcels were documented, reaching over 2100 land tenure beneficiaries. In Menabe, Mikajy worked with partner Hay Tao/Sehatra Iombonan’ny Fananan-tany (SIF) to identify information needs from the land parcel survey conducted by SIF in Menabe in FY19; the results will inform Mikajy support to updating the Menabe-Antimena protected landscape management plan (Plan d’Aménagement et de Gestion [PAG]). Under SA5 (Power), Mikajy completed organizational capacity evaluations for 68 civil society organizations (CSOs) in both landscapes, yielding valuable information about the capacity needs of CSOs including community-based management associations (COBAs). Results will be fully analyzed and used in Q2 to orientate CSO capacity building across the two landscapes. In MaMaBay, Mikajy worked with

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 8/97 partner Hay Tao/Alliance Voahary Gasy (AVG) to train judicial and park officers in the prosecution of wildlife trafficking offences. Key technical milestones corresponding to each SA are outlined below. Strategic Approach 1 (Nature): Improve Protected Areas and Natural Resource Management ● Support to the joint process with Hay Tao to update the PAG update tool, which received validation by PA managers; ● Support to the process to update and harmonize natural resource management transfer (TGRN) evaluation tools; ● Identification of potential sites for the establishment of LMMAs in the MaMaBay and Menabe landscapes; ● SMART training of trainers, park officers and COBAs (completing SMART training in both landscapes); ● Firefighting in Menabe: 6 technicians and 16 Komity Miaro ny Ala (KMMFA) community workers were trained in firefighting. Trainees will transfer skills to communities in 10 villages; ● Patrolling, control and surveillance in Makira, MaMaBay – amounting to 1,595.39 km over 268 days with 182 participants (130 in participatory patrols, 52 in joint patrols with OPJs); ● Establishing the mobile alert system for wildlife crime in both regions – the mobile alert is now fully developed and now ready for use by communities and will be extended to other themes from Q2 onwards; ● Participation in remote sensing training given by USAID – Geocenter – the training will enable the team to better track and analyze land use changes occurring around USAID Mikajy intervention sites during the five-year life of the project; ● Training of trainers on fire-fighting through the Fanamby grant was combined with forest patrol reinforcement actions, with Durrell (who coordinates Menabe-Antimena community patrolling) thus building a strong foundation for the protection of Menabe-Antimena; ● Contribution/participation of Leahy-vetted Officiers de Police Judiciaire (OPJs) in Menabe patrolling began in Q1–to strengthen patrols, thanks to USAID’s Leahy Act clearance of 16 OPJs of Direction Régionale de l’Environnement et du Développement Durable (DREDD), Menabe; ● Selection of common pilot sites for ‘marine and mangrove’ activities with Regional Directorate of Agriculture, Farming, and Fisheries (DRAEP)/SRPA, Blue ventures, World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF), Mihari network and Madagascar National Parks (MNP) in Menabe; and ● Launch of the Menabe PAP development process. Strategic Approach 2 (Wealth): Support Conservation-Friendly Enterprises and Livelihoods MaMaBay: ● Vanilla – A prominent international lender (IFC) confirmed negotiation of an agreement with Mikajy partner McCormick for the finance of Rainforest Alliance aligned vanilla via three exporters including Biovanilla and two in MaMaBay (Agrifarming in Antalaha and RAMEX in Maroantsetra). Additional vanilla activities for Q1 included: – RA certification of 4 vanilla cooperatives: 1st certification stage audit was completed - unofficial results are positive, certifying producers and allowing them to proceed to the next stage; – Training in certified bio-equitable vanilla traceability was provided through the Metajua tool; – Zone Coordination Committees began creating three new cooperatives in MaMaBay. ● Cloves – Partnership was launched with the company Magasin Esperance for the clove value chain, at 4 sites in MaMaBay (Voloina, Mahalevona, Ambinanitelo and Anandrivola); ● Ecotourism – grant proposals were reviewed for two activities in MaMaBay: (i) project ‘to improve the conservation of the Farakaraina conservation site for the development of the local population’ carried

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 9/97 out by the nongovernmental organization (NGO) Antongil Conservation and (ii) community marine protected area (MPA) project ‘Alamaitso: the new beginning ‘ to be implemented by Arol Ecolodge; and ● Seaweed farming – Identification with partner Ocean Farmers of 6 potential sites in MaMaBay for the production of seaweed covering an area of about 125 Ha benefiting potentially 250 farmers. Menabe: ● Seaweed farming – Marine value chains in Menabe - 4 seaweed farming expansion sites were identified and agreed with WWF and Blue Ventures (Manahy, Andranopasy, Antsatsabo and Belanora); ● Peanuts and maize – First discussion held with two private companies involved in agri-food (Joliment Bon [JB] and Nutri’Zaza) who confirmed requests for collaboration developing responsible production of roasted peanuts and corn for popcorn; ● Maize value chain (with Hay Tao) – launch of an integrated study on the maize value chain in Menabe, in collaboration with Hay Tao; ● Conservation agriculture – 8 parcels were validated for pilot production following a joint reconnaissance mission between Fanamby, DREDD and DRAEP; ● Conservation friendly enterprises – four Memoranda of Understanding (MoUs) were developed with three private sector operators for the establishment of conservation-friendly enterprises; and ● Alternative Value Chains – grant developed with Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (RBG Kew) for the Promotion of yams as part of the Natural Capital Restoration for Conservation and Livelihoods in the Menabe Antimena Protected Area’ project, approved by USAID for implementation in Q2. Strategic Approach 3 (Resilience): Interface and Synergize with Other Development Programs MaMaBay ● Vanilla cooperatives mutual health insurance – A partnership established between the Basic Health Centers and vanilla cooperatives for the promotion of mutual health schemes with USAID Mahefa Miaraka for the Voloina and Ankofabe Cooperatives; and ● Payment for ecosystem services – Meetings & field missions were held with Tozzi Green for the restoration of the watershed upstream of the hydropower plant in Vodiriana and the restoration of 20 ha of eroded land was integrated into Mikajy’s FY20 restoration strategy. Menabe: ● PES – Mikajy contributed to the selection of pilot sites for mangrove restoration and preservation activities with United States Forestry Service (USFS) in and worked with Coastal Resources Center, University of Rhode Island (CRC)/Hay Tao on the identification of potential PES schemes for mangroves in Menabe (see under SA2); ● Mangrove crab fishery and value chain improvement – Mikajy participated at presentation of the CORECRABE project, an Institut de recherche pour le développement (IRD) project in partnership with the Ministry of Higher Education (including IHSM, Toliara) with regional funding for a period of three years from 2020 which aims to capitalize on research to improve the crab value chain (Menabe is one of five project sites – as soon as the project is started in April or May 2020, IRD undertook to contact potential partners including Mikajy for collaboration); and ● Access to climate information – Mikajy contributed to the dissemination in both landscapes of climate information from the General Directorate of Meteorology (DGM); and on facilitating the dissemination of a climate smart agricultural calendar for the 2020 Menabe agricultural campaign in collaboration with DRAEP.

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 10/97 Strategic Approach 4 (Action): Operationalize Decentralized Natural Resource Management in Target Land and Seascapes MaMaBay: ● Shared vision on Natural Resources Management (NRM) and land tenure – Mikajy completed an Inter-communal workshop for the District of Maroantsetra including eight rural communes in which Mikajy intervenes, with participation of actors from the urban commune of Maroantsetra: Mikajy facilitated the elaboration of a shared vision for the District of Maroantsetra (Antongil Bay and surrounding areas); ● Improved land tenure security (PLOF pilot) – Mikajy identified over 1,789 land parcels belonging to 2,212 beneficiaries in the pilot rural commune of Voloina in Maroantsetra, providing the first basis for community actors to secure tenure over their lands; and ● Improved land use planning – Mikajy completed an inventory of existing territorial planning documents (PAG, Schéma Régional d’Aménagement du Territoire [SRAT], Schéma d’Aménagement Communaux [SAC]). Menabe ● Shared vision process impact – Mikajy undertook a comparative analysis of the results of the shared vision development process in Menabe, highlighting the critical differences between Menabe- Antimena and Kirindy Mite and the challenges to achieving Mikajy objectives in the former. Strategic Approach 5 (Power): Strengthen Capacity of CSOs, Private Sector, and Government to Improve Community-Based Natural Resource Management MaMaBay: ● Increasing CSO capacity – In collaboration with Hay Tao, training of Makira and Masoala Park Officers in whistleblowing before COBA training at their respective response areas; and ● Reinforcing judicial authorities – Mikajy worked with partner Hay Tao/AVG on the training of judicial officers and park management personnel for the more effective pursuit of wildlife trafficking offences. Both landscapes: ● Increasing CSO capacity – 68 CSOs and COBA were evaluated using the Organizational Capacity Assessment Tool (OCAT) tool in MaMaBay and Menabe providing valuable insights into their capacity needs and reinforcement (results to be fully analyzed in Q2). Mikajy prioritized women and youth associations in the selection of CSOs for evaluation. Operational and Administrative: Operational achievements included development and finalization of an annual work plan, operational plan for FY20 and a quarterly plan for Q2 of FY20. Two local subcontracts were executed this quarter, including with GeoSystems for local land use planning (October 2019), and with MSIS in support of shared visioning and supporting communities to defend and manage their natural resources (November 2019). Local service agreements were also established for information technology support and boat rentals. The team also began engaging with USAID, Measuring Impact and Hay Tao to prepare for the pause-and-reflect session planned for April 2020. The start of Q1 also marked the completion Jennifer Graham’s mission to provide operational support including related to work planning, reporting, Monitoring, Evaluation, and Learning (MEL), administrative streamlining, and use of the Asana task management tool resulting in the establishment of a work plan

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 11/97 which was translated into a narrative work plan for submission to USAID (submitted on October 9 and resubmitted after revisions based on comments from USAID on November 12 and December 23).

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 12/97 2. NATIONAL SUMMARY

2.1 Strategic Approach 1: Nature

Protected areas and Community-Based Natural Resources Management (CBNRM) – For Q1, USAID Mikajy had planned to hold protected area evaluations (METTs) for Menabe-Antimena, Kirindy Mite, Ambondrobe, Masoala and Makira, but given the non-availability of managers and DREDD who were busy producing plants for reforestation, the METT was postponed for Q2. A similar situation applied for the updating of natural resource transfer management (TGRN) plans. Nevertheless, the updated process guide for TGRN evaluation developed with Hay Tao received validation from PA managers and will be applied in Q2. During Q2, Mikajy expects to receive from Ministère de l’Environnement et de Développement Durable (MEDD) the results of previous TGRN evaluations in Menabe. Mikajy also expects to support MEDD in evaluating 10 management transfer contracts in MaMaBay and 6 in Menabe during Q2. Update of PAGs and protected area business plans will be launched immediately after this official validation. The process of updating TGRN tools is also underway with a working group composed of MEDD, USAID Hay Tao, USAID Mikajy, SAGE, WWF, WCS, MIHARI, MSIS, USAID Hay Tao, Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ), and Conservation International (CI). Marine conservation (Locally Managed Marine Areas or LMMAs) – During Q1, USAID Mikajy began identifying potential sites for the creation of LMMAs in the MaMaBay seascape. Priority sites are concentrated in the Bay of Antongil around Maroantsetra. This is in addition to existing LMMAs supported by the Pêche Côtière Durable (PCD) project. For Menabe, after consultation with BV, MNP and WWF, Mikajy will support the creation of LMMAs in central Menabe (Betania, Kimony) and in the area of Belo sur Mer. The structuring of LMMAs will continue in Q2. SMART training (LMMAs and forest) – During Q1, 57 people were trained by USAID Mikajy in SMART monitoring in MaMaBay in Antalaha, Andapa, and Maroantsetra (except for the Mananara Nord sector which had to be postponed to Q2 for logistical reasons). Park sector chiefs and managers from all three protected forests (Makira, Masoala and Farankaraina) benefited from the training. For Menabe, there was no SMART training during Q1, which was rescheduled for Q2. SMART training for forest patrol teams in Menabe Antimena and Ambondrobe are planned for Q2 under the Durrell Grant. Marine patrol boat teams for northern Menabe will be trained during Q2 in coordination with WWF. Training of marine patrollers in southern Menabe (Belo sur Mer) will be undertaken during Q2 in coordination with BV and MNP after patrol officers from the 14 LMMAs and marine COBAs have been identified. Fire-fighting training – Taking into account the scale of pressures on the PA Menabe Antimena, USAID Mikajy prioritized the training of firefighting trainers with Fanamby through a grant focused on community-based firefighting and prevention in Menabe Antimena. During Q1, Fanamby conducted a community awareness program, reaching approximately 1,000 villagers, followed by a training of 22 persons (6 technicians and 16 community workers) in firefighting in November who will transfer their skills to communities in 10 villages next quarter. For MaMaBay, fire management training will take place immediately after the rainy season in September 2020, shortly before the fire season in that landscape. Fisheries Management Plan (PAP) – a key result in Q1 was the launch of a PAP for Menabe, in collaboration with the national Directorate of Fisheries (of the Ministère de l’Agriculture, de l’Elevage et de la pêche [MAEP]), regional fisheries directorate (DRAEP), NGOs WWF and Blue Ventures (BV), and private sector partners. A workshop was held on December 3 (with 44 participants) and included presentations by the different actors on the PAP process and plenary discussions. WWF and BV

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 13/97 provided written commitments to support the community consultation processes. Community consultations will be launched in Q2 and the target is to agree on a framework plan by July 2020, with the final PAP prepared by the end of FY20. PA Co-management (landscape approach to PA management) – concerning the coordination mechanism for effective co-management of protected areas, the Menabe task force became operational during Q1. Consisting of DREDD, Force Instrumentale pour Valoriser Ensemble (FIVE), Fanamby, WWF, Durrell, and Mikajy, the Task force held weekly meetings throughout the quarter to discuss strategic and operational guidance on resource management, sharing information on pressure monitoring and progress, and coordination of interventions. For MaMaBay, the weekly meetings between USAID Mikajy with WCS Manager Makira and MNP Masoala Manager served a similar purpose. Reforestation / restoration – Restoration actions were not undertaken during Q1, but a restoration strategy was developed with the encouragement of USAID in response to MEDD national reforestation objectives and was added to the Annual Work Plan for FY20. In FY20, USAID Mikajy aims to restore a total of 1,009 ha, including 449 ha of rain forest and 10 ha of mangrove in MaMaBay and 310 ha of dry forest, 140 ha of mangrove and 100 ha of agroforestry in Menabe, through a combination of active restoration or plantation, enrichment of forest corridors and passive restoration. PA Patrolling – In MaMaBay during Q1, a total of 60 participatory patrol missions were carried out by 182 local patrollers in the 4 sectors of Makira (130 in participatory patrols, 52 in joint patrols with OPJs). This included 22 missions in Maroantsetra District, 41 in Antalaha district, 23 in Andapa and 8 in Befandriana Nord. A total of 919 offences were observed by the communities, resulting in 13 judicial pursuits where offenders could be identified. For Menabe, community patrol activities in Menabe Antimena, Ambondrobe will be integrated into the grant to Durrell for Community-based patrolling in Menabe-Antimena and Ambondrobe which was signed in Q1 and will start in Q2. As for joint patrols (i.e., combining community patrollers and forest officers or OPJs), in MaMaBay, 4 joint patrol missions were conducted in Maroantsetra, Antalaha and Andapa. A total of 13 people (a subset of the 14 above) were found illegally clearing forest were arrested, their offenses verbalized and transferred to the local court. SMART focal points exchange – During Q1 Mikajy worked to improve the coordination and use of SMART software including standardizing the data to be used and strengthening harmonization across SMART focal points. The Mikajy SMART technical expert plus 10 SMART focal points from both regions with regional partners WCS, Farankaraina, Fanamby, Durrell, and USAID Mikajy held exchange meetings in Antananarivo (Table 2) to ensure standardization of data collection and use of SMART software. The participants committed to standardization in order to better enforce conservation law through storing geo-referenced information from map data. Information on pressures, evidence documents, and prediction of hotspots can assist in investigation, analysis of pressure trends and help define the capacity building needed for OPJs. Table 2: Participants at SMART focal points annual exchange meeting (Q1 FY20) Participants Name From Point focal SMART National WCS Aristide Andrianarimisa Antananarivo Point focal SMART Marine WCS Tahiry Razafindraibe Antananarivo TANAMEL Specialist Mikajy Tovonanahary Rasolofoharivelo Antananarivo SA1 Lead Specialist Mikajy Vololoniaina Antananarivo Raharinomenjanahary

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 14/97 SMART Durrell focal point Angelo Ramy Antananarivo Law Enforcement Spatial Monitoring and Mohamed Razafindrajary Maroantsetra Reporting Tools (LEM/SMART) Specialist USAID Mikajy Menabe SA1 Specialist Mikajy Lucien Andriafanomezana Morondava Smart Antongil Conservation Focal Point Be Berthin Maroantsetra Menabe MEL Specialist Mikajy Rivo Rasolofomanana Morondava MEL Specialist MaMaBay Mikajy Lysia Razafindrazanaka Antalaha Point focal SMART WCS Lova Rabarisoa Maroantsetra

By the end of this meeting between technicians, the data model as well as the data collection tools for the SMART software became standardized for the two landscapes Menabe and MaMaBay, providing a basis for shared learning between the two teams going forward. Mobile alert system – An automated hotline for ecological offenses was developed by Mikajy for Menabe in FY19, complete with script in Malagasy and local dialects. While only 3 completed alert calls were made during FY19, one of these resulted in the prevention of a fire saving 10 ha of dry forest, demonstrating the value of the hotline. During Q1, Mikajy worked with Viamo to improve the user- friendliness and precision of the Menabe script, which was then adapted for use in MaMaBay. During Q2, USAID Mikajy will integrate the hotline (as part of the Mikajy mobile platform) into the Mikajy communication strategy. Mikajy will continue to work with partners in the processing of alerts.

2.2 Strategic Approach 2: Wealth

During Q1, Mikajy has focused primarily on promoting sustainable livelihoods and environmentally friendly value chains (including marine value chains) in the two landscapes and at the central level on developing partnerships with private sector operators in promoting eco-friendly community-based businesses. USAID Mikajy continued to support agricultural value chains such as vanilla and cloves in MaMaBay and peanuts and maize in Menabe and improving their resilience to climate change through the adoption of conservation agriculture in the Menabe Antimena and the promotion of agroforestry as a complement to clove and vanilla crops in MaMaBay. Mikajy also began working on community-based eco-tourism activities (processing two ecotourism grants for MaMaBay) and sustainable conservation funding mechanisms (through supporting a PES initiative on mangroves in Menabe and a water catchment restoration project with a hydropower utility in MaMaBay). Vanilla – At the national level, a meeting with the World Bank’s environmental team leader revealed a plan for private sector financing from the International Finance Corporation of the World Bank, which will benefit three exporters in Sambava, Antalaha and Maroantsetra including Mikajy partner RAMEX. For USAID Mikajy, the interest of this partnership lies in scaling the experience of the four cooperatives in MaMaBay to other producers who are willing to comply with the requirements of Rainforest Alliance. Cloves – For the clove value chain, Mikajy supported the clove collection campaign at 4 sites (Voloina, Mahalevona, Ambinanitelo and Anandrivola) in partnership with Madagascar Esperance, as a first engagement towards supporting an organic certified clove supply chain in which producers commit to no deforestation. Continued collaboration with this private sector partner, which also intervenes in the

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 15/97 vanilla sector, requires the establishment of an MoU in order to avoid possible competition with RAMEX, which is Mikajy’s main vanilla exporting partner. Marine value chains (seaweed farming) – For Menabe, Mikajy facilitated coordination between actors to extend village seaweed farming in the Menabe seascape. Four extension sites were proposed by partners including Manahy and Andranopasy in the mouth of the Mangoky river (with WWF) and Antsatsabo and Belanora in southern Menabe with Blue Ventures. The potential for expansion of seaweed farming in Menabe is very limited. River mouths (Kabatomena or Mangoky) are affected by sediment input and reduced salinity during the rainy season, and due to the incomplete coral barrier Menabe has swamps, not lagoons. Mikajy agreed to support and facilitate the acquisition of installation permits and regulatory improvements as a key contribution to this partnership. For MaMaBay, a joint prospection mission was conducted by Mikajy with Ocean Farmers to identify potential sites and communities for the development of seaweed farming. Approximately 6 sites totaling 125 ha of nearshore marine areas were identified as suitable, enough to support 200–250 farmers and their households. Ocean Farmers also issued a technical feasibility report which will be reviewed in Q2, prior to implementation. Maize & peanut value chains (Menabe) – Development of sustainable maize and peanut value chains in Menabe Antimena will be strongly conditioned by the availability of land for farming in the different areas of the protected landscape. In Q1, Mikajy began implementing maize and peanut farming on 8 out of 12 test plots in conservation agriculture which had been approved for use by the PA manager, DREDD, DRAEP and local stakeholders. The remaining 4 plots lie within a private land concession and implementation was suspended pending authorization by the concession owner. For other areas, USAID Mikajy had to hold off on collaboration with the 28 farmers’ organizations identified in Year 1 pending verification of land access status within the protected landscape (being conducted by DREDD and Fanamby). Data relating to members (Global Positioning System [GPS] location, name) of these 28 Producer Organizations (POs) were forwarded to Hay Tao partner SIF to compare against the land occupation census plot carried out by SIF for the 11 communes of Menabe Antimena. The comparison will confirm the identity of the occupants of each parcel identified and clarify the land status of the plots occupied by PO members. Validation of the results of SIF’s parcel census by the Topography and Domains departments will be a crucial step in the advancement of USAID Mikajy’s activities, particularly with regard to the update of the Menabe-Antimena protected area management plan (SA1) and on the choice of sites and communities with which the project will work on the themes of livelihoods and value chains (SA2). During Q1, USAID Mikajy made contact with two private agribusiness companies (JB and Nutri’Zaza) who are interested in responsibly-produced roasted peanuts and maize for improved child nutrition in line with the national community program for nutrition (Surveillance et Education des Ecoles et des Communautés en matière d’Alimentation et de Nutrition Elargies [SEECALINE]) JB’s demand is estimated at 600 tons/yr of roasted peanuts for the production of enriched flour or tanjaka. Nutri’Zaza is a social enterprise marketing fortified flour or ‘koba-aina’ based on soya and peanuts for malnourished children of > 6 months. Nutri’zaza’s interest is in the responsible sourcing of ingredients for flour distributed through its network of nutrition kiosks in the capital. Both businesses offer potential as buyers of responsible peanuts and maize from Menabe farmers who engage in conservation farming. At the national level, Mikajy worked with Hay Tao to develop a study on ‘analysis of opportunities to certify agricultural products and label tourism products in areas with high biodiversity value’ for which consultants will be required in Q2. Conservation farming – In Q1, Mikajy via NCBA deployed a third conservation agriculture expert (Mike Mailloux) to set up conservation agricultural test plots in Menabe Antimena. A total of 181 local people participated in preparation and establishment of conservation farming plots during Q1, of which

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 16/97 42 applied the technology offered. The expert’s report highlighted the relevance of this practice to increase agricultural yields in a context where soil quality is poor and rainfall insufficient or irregular. Of the 12 plots identified for the establishment of conservation agriculture testing and demonstration fields, 8 parcels were validated following a joint reconnaissance mission between Fanamby, DREDD and DRAEP. Planting of the conservation farming plots will be completed in Q2 before the end of the rains. Establishment of cooperatives – While work continued as usual on reinforcing the capacity of existing cooperatives, no new cooperatives were established for this period for the following reasons: ● For MaMaBay, the proposed partnership with private sector operators working on the vanilla and clove value chain (RAMEX and Magasin Esperance) requires the establishment of a non- competition framework with existing partners for concerted collaboration. At the request of these partners, USAID Mikajy prepared a draft MoU proposal for consideration, for potential signature in Q2. ● For Menabe, USAID Mikajy had to restrict support to the 28 POs identified in the first year of the project, pending the survey by DREDD and Fanamby of areas available for agriculture. Support for the cooperative process will be resumed during Q2, once the objectives and frameworks for collaboration with private sector partners are established for the case of MaMaBay and once the agricultural areas and the communities that cultivate in Menabe are well identified. Private Sector Engagement – In Q1, supported by the PSE consultant, following a comprehensive review of private sector operators with a potential interest in conservation friendly business, Mikajy identified 4 operators and 8 business concepts, 4 of which were made the subject of business plans and draft MoUs for further development, including 2 projects to promote bee-keeping in Menabe (dry forests, baobab, and mangroves), a salt production project in Belo sur Mer and a project to promote the Moringa value chain in Menabe Antimena. USAID Mikajy will support the implementation of these projects by empowering communities to participate, providing technical assistance to the private sector operator, facilitating prospecting and pre-feasibility missions and co-financing community engagement through the Mikajy grant mechanism or by introduction to other potential funding sources. Ecotourism – In Q1, Mikajy reviewed and finalized two ecotourism proposals submitted to USAID Mikajy Grants for MaMaBay: 1) project ‘to improve the conservation of the Farankaraina conservation site for the development of the local population’ carried out by Antongil Conservation and 2) the community-based marine conservation project ‘Alamaitso: the new beginning’ carried by Arol Ecolodge. These projects will be submitted for USAID review and approval in Q2. Ecotourism initiatives in Menabe will also be pursued in Q2. Alternative income generation – In Q1 Mikajy facilitated a mission to Menabe by the Madagascar Biodiversity Center (MBC) to prospect and assess the feasibility of sustainable insect (cricket) farming in Menabe. Insect farming represents a climate smart agricultural technology for growing protein while providing significant nutritional benefits, especially to children, and valuable fertilizer for use in farming, providing opportunities for conservation friendly micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) (in investment, private sector partnership and revenues). Three sites were studied including Marofandilia, Kirindy village, and Lambokely, concluding that there was real potential for business development in Lambokely and that suitable species exist in the area. On another front, USAID Mikajy plans to support the promotion of yam cultivation to improve household incomes and resilience to climate shocks through a grant for the ‘Natural Capital Restoration for Conservation and Livelihoods in the Menabe Antimena Protected Area’ project to be implemented by RBG Kew. Sustainable financing of conservation through enterprise – based on analysis and consolidation of documents produced by Hay Tao on this topic, Mikajy identified three potential options this quarter for financing conservation through conservation friendly enterprise:

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 17/97 ● Funding for patrol and surveillance activities of marine areas through the income of marine product value chains such as seaweed farming or improved crab fisheries. Based on good practices developed by WCS in the Bay of Antongil, USAID Mikajy will support the scaling of these achievements for all LMMAs from Q2 onwards. ● The establishment of a PES mechanism through the partnership with Tozzi Green (hydropower utility) in connection with the Vodirina hydro power plant in the municipality of Voloina. The development of this mechanism will be undertaken in collaboration with Hay Tao in particular World Resources Institute (WRI) and CRC-URI, with CRC conducting an initial study and WRI providing input on potential PES mechanisms. ● Development of a PES mechanism in mangrove forests in connection with crab value chains for the Menabe coastal landscape will be undertaken in collaboration with USFS, CRC and local partners including WWF and Blue Ventures in Menabe.

2.3 Strategic Approach 3: Resilient Communities

In Q1, USAID Mikajy acted in four main areas to strengthen community resilience in both landscapes: (i) updating the partner list and establishing partner engagement plans, (ii) strengthening synergy with USAID health programs, (iii) facilitating access to weather and climate information, and (iv) partnering to strengthen and revitalize local committees. Population, Health, and Environment (PHE) approach to resilience – In Q1, Mikajy established a partnership between the Basic Health Centers and Mikajy-supported vanilla cooperatives for the provision of health services as part of the promotion of mutual health being provided by USAID Mahefa Miaraka, in the Voloina and Ankofabe cooperatives of MaMaBay. At the national level, the draft MoU between USAID Mikajy and USAID Mahefa Miaraka was revised to include other community health products developed by USAID Mahefa Miaraka, which include maternal and child health, management of environmental pollution-related diseases (pneumonia and lung infection) and the campaign against open defecation. Payment for Ecosystems (PES) Approach to Resilience – In the MaMaBay landscape, meetings with local technicians and Tozzi Green’s environmental manager helped define the partnership for landscape restoration around the Vodiriana hydroelectric power plant and the development of a PES mechanism around this ecological service. In Menabe, USAID Mikajy and USFS agreed on the choice of pilot sites for mangrove restoration and preservation activities, to include development of payment for ecosystem services scheme. Mangrove crab fishery – USAID Mikajy participated the presentation of the CORECRABE project, an IRD project in partnership with the Ministry of Education with funding from the La Reunion Region for a period of three years from 2020 CORECRABE’s objective is to harness the contribution of scientific expertise and research to sustainably develop Madagascar’s mangrove crab fishery in Menabe and other regions. Mikajy will work with the IRD project in Q2 to identify common sites and synergies. Climate change adaptation – USAID Mikajy distributed DGM’s weather information products during Q1 to target communities in the Menabe, including those engaged in conservation agriculture. USAID Mikajy also facilitated dissemination of the agricultural calendar for the 2020 planting campaign in collaboration with DRAEP for Menabe.

2.4 Strategic Approach 4: Action

At the national level during Q1 Mikajy continued to participate in national policy and information processes which contribute knowledge and linkages for better outcomes in the two landscapes. In

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 18/97 particular, Mikajy via partner MSIS played an active role in coordination between Mikajy and Hay Tao and SIF, Hay Tao’s civil society land tenure partner. Such coordination at national level extended to operational coordination between Mikajy and SIF at the field level, such as in the organization of the shared vision forums which included land tenure discussions. On the issue of land tenure, Mikajy participated in and contributed to a national workshop sponsored by USAID on land tenure profiling. Mikajy partner MSIS facilitated the workshop, which was also technically supported by Hay Tao via SIF. Prior to the workshop, the Mikajy Deputy Chief of Party (DCOP) accompanied USAID and the USAID land profiling consultant on a context appraisal mission to MaMaBay which allowed an appreciation of the landscape approach being adopted for the Voloina watershed, combining NRM, wealth generation, improved community resilience, tenure reinforcement and civil society empowerment in a single Mikajy intervention. Based on the pause and reflect process in August 2019, Mikajy refined its approach to SA 4. In particular, Mikajy held a technical consultation with senior advisor Dr. Mark Freudenberger to review the experience gained during the shared vision process against the Mikajy strategy to strengthen community control over land and resources. It was agreed that in FY20 Mikajy will promote strategies to strengthen community ownership of land and marine resources on the basis of a common vision (4.1) and the implementation of land use plans to strengthen land and resource tenure (4.2), heralding an increased emphasis on the ‘natural heritage defense approach,’ thereby empowering communities to protect and better manage their local resources. Subsequently, the Mikajy SA4 specialist worked closely with MSIS to define governance and land tenure interventions in the two landscapes during FY20. In MaMaBay, USAID Mikajy supported implementation a Local Land Occupation Plan (PLOF) in the rural commune of Voloina, Maroantsetra district. The assessments and analyses provided an overall picture of the legal status of land in the commune. 1789 parcels were identified with varying status. The study surveyed the project’s target households, conducting enquiries about how they accessed the land, the local land management system, and the general status of land in the communal. The goal was to reinforce the tenure of 2,500 beneficiaries who are already working with the USAID Mikajy project. At the end of Q1, Mikajy had a list of 2,212 beneficiaries including identified heirs (spouses or other family members). The PLOF was validated at the communal level and is currently being validated by the topographical service of the Land Ministry in Antananarivo. Figure 1: Map of Voloina Commune Showing Land Status (GeoSystems)

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 19/97

In relation to Menabe, the Mikajy SA4 lead worked closely with MSIS, Hay Tao/SIF and the Menabe Landscape coordinator and others to identify implementation strategies for land tenure in Menabe- Antimena, in light of the local cultural and land tenure context. The Mikajy SA4 lead also worked with the same parties and Hay Tao/AVG and the SA1 lead to prepare terms of reference and supporting information for a national dialog on Menabe-Antimena, initially planned for Q1 but which will now take place in Q2.

2.5 Strategic Approach 5: Power

During FY20, SA5’s main objective will be to refine the shared vision process to support the co- management of natural resources and the capacity of local communities to defend and manage their land and natural resources, in the context of the wider landscape. In order to facilitate the engagement of stakeholders in the territorial defense of natural heritage, a baseline evaluation of the organizational capabilities of the various stakeholders involved in such defense (CSO, fokontany, COBA) was undertaken. There were plans to target 45 CSOs in total, but Mikajy was able to evaluate a total of 68 CSOs (32 CSOs in Menabe and 36 in MaMaBay). In coordination with USAID Hay Tao, Mikajy planned during Q1 to specifically strengthen advocacy activities for Menabe Antimena. The national advocacy workshop for Menabe was postponed for Q2 due to a lack of availability of ministerial authorities, and the national dialog will also be reconvened for Q2.

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 20/97 3. MAMABAY IMPLEMENTATION

In MaMaBay, the key achievements for Q1 included: ● SA1 – continuation and completion of SMART patrol training for all management units, paving the way for effective and coordinated monitoring and enforcement across the entire MaMaBay landscape; identification with WCS 8 LMMAs to be established in FY20 in the Bay of Antongil. ● SA2 – Completion of the Rainforest Alliance (RA) certification audit for Mikajy-supported cooperatives, confirming substantial compliance by producers with the 36 RA Year 1 certification requirements, completing a scoping mission for seaweed farming and identifying the potential for seaweed as a marine value chain to develop in FY20. ● SA3 – Establishment of mutual health associations for vanilla producing cooperatives, paving the way for the establishment of permanent arrangements between community health centers and producer cooperatives in FY20. ● SA4 – Completion of the regional shared vision process for the Year 1 priority zone (Bay of Antongil and surrounding areas), and completion of the PLOF study in Voloina commune. The study identified over 1700 land parcels and more than 2000 potential beneficiaries of strengthened land tenure, which will provide a model for extension into the remaining landscape. ● SA5 – Organizational capacity evaluations of 36 CSOs and COBAs across the MaMaBay landscape, which clarified the capacity development needs of CSOs across the region. USAID Mikajy also recruited new staff in Antalaha (through partner MSIS) to ensure the successful implementation of activities related to the additional communes accessible from Antalaha. In FY20, USAID Mikajy plans to intervene in 26 municipalities in MaMaBay, including the original 8 from FY19 and 18 new communes. These areas of extension were chosen by two criteria: (i) conservation importance (biological significance, degree of pressure and threat) and (ii) the presence of public and private partners in the area and the possibility of co-management of resources to have a positive and lasting impact in biodiversity conservation at the landscape scale

3.1 Strategic Approach 1: Nature

During Q1, key accomplishments under SA1 in MaMaBay were focused on SMART training and patrolling and included: ● 23 COBA members, 2 OPJs, 1 sector chief and 4 Park Agents from Sector V of Makira Natural Park attended the SMART training on basic concepts and use of data collection tools in Andapa;

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 21/97 ● 34 LMMA members and local Park committee members attended the SMART training in Maroantsetra; ● 60 participatory patrols were undertaken across all sectors II, IV, V and VI of the Makira Natural Park (15 patrols per sector) involving 90 patrollers; and ●

Key Result 1.1: Target actors have improved capacity for natural resource management and protected area management and/to support conservation For Q1, USAID Mikajy organized two SMART training sessions in Andapa from 03 to 07 December 2019 for community patrollers and Park Agents from Sector IV and V of Makira and Maroantsetra from 16 to 20 December 2019 for the LMMA and the local Masoala Park Committee. The purpose of the training was to improve their understanding of SMART and to ensure their competence in the use of SMART data collection tools in the field, including data collection sheets, GPS and smartphones. The training in Andapa included the following organizations and composition of participants (Table 3). Table 3: SMART Training Participants in Andapa (Q1 FY20) Male Male Female Female Institution Title < 30 Total > 30 yrs < 30 yrs > 30 yrs yrs FOREST CIF-MEDD 0 1 1 0 2 ADMINISTRATION Sub-total Forestry Administration 0 1 1 0 2 WCS Chef de Secteur 0 0 0 1 1 Agents de Parc (Park Agents 2 2 0 0 4 [AGP]) Sub-total WCS 2 2 0 1 5 COBA COBA 3 20 0 0 23 Sub-total COBA 3 20 0 0 23 USAID Mikajy PA Specialist 0 0 0 1 1 LEM/SMART 0 1 0 0 1 Specialist Sub-total USAID Mikajy 0 1 0 1 2 TOTAL 5 24 1 2 32 Percentage 16% 75% 3% 6% 100% Youth 6 19% Women 3 9%

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 22/97 In Andapa, youth participation was 19%, but female participation was low at 9%. One reason for this is that women are not encouraged locally to participate in patrolling or in the COBAs, while youth are encouraged for because of their fitness. In order to increase women’s participation, Mikajy deliberately prioritized women and youth organizations in the conduct of the OCAT capacity assessments, with a view to reinforcing their capacity during FY20. The SMART training in Maroantsetra included the following organizations and participants (Table 4): Table 4: SMART Training Participants in Maroantsetra (Q1 FY20)

Male Male >30 Female <30 Female Institution Total < 30 yrs yrs yrs > 30 yrs WCS 0 1 0 0 1 MNP 0 1 0 0 1 Farakaraina Vondron’Olona Ifotony 0 1 0 0 1 (VOI) CLP 0 15 0 0 15 LMMA 4 9 0 1 14 USAID Mikajy 0 1 0 1 2 TOTAL 4 28 0 2 34 Percentage 12% 82% 0% 6% 100%

Key Result 1.2: Improved coordination and engagement among/by target actors Mikajy supported an exchange meeting with the SMART focal points and protected area managers, which reached the following decisions: ● SMART data from PAs will be collected by the focal points—WCS, MNP, Antongil Conservation—who will be responsible for collecting and cleaning data; ● Partners (including grantees, subcontractors, MNP, and others) will ensure that the ENKETO database used for the MEL system is completed and SMART data and evidence documents are sent to the Mikajy MEL and SA1 teams; ● SA1 is responsible for recalling the filing dates of the ENKETO database and sending SMART data and evidence documents; ● Data submission and analysis of SMART data will be done monthly in consultation as far as practicable with the relevant DREDD offices, along with the reports to be sent to the MEL team; and ● SMART focal points will ensure the operation of the SMART system and the management of data by landscape. In addition, 60 participatory patrols were carried out during Q1 in Sectors II, IV, V, VI of the Makira Natural Park. Below is the summary of participants in these patrols (Table 5): Table 5: Makira Park SMART Patrols in Q1 FY20

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 23/97 Male Male Female Female Patrol period Sector Total <30 yrs >30 yr <30 yrs >30 yrs Sector II 03 10 0 0 13 Maroantsetra Sector IV 03 02 0 0 05 Befandriana North October Sector V 04 08 0 0 12 Andapa Sector VI 03 06 01 03 13 Antalaha Subtotal October 13 26 01 03 42 Sector II 0 12 0 0 12 November Sector V 08 13 0 0 21 Sector VI 03 14 0 0 17 Sub-total November 11 39 0 0 50 Sector II 02 08 01 04 15 Secteur IV 03 06 02 02 13 December Sector V 04 01 0 0 05 Sector VI 03 01 0 0 04 Sub-total December 12 16 03 06 37 TOTAL GLOBAL (participatory 36 81 04 09 130 patrols) During these participatory patrols, the patrol effort Q1 was 1,595.39 km over 268 days with 130 participants. Youth participation in patrolling is strong at 67 (24%), but women are entirely absent from patrol teams. In addition to the participatory patrols, there were 52 participants in joint patrols during Q1 within the same four sectors of Makira (Table 6). Table 6: Number of Participants (OPJs and Park Management Staff, and Community Patrollers) in Joint Patrols in Makira (during Q1 of FY20) (in general joint patrols (there were 4 in total across 4 sectors during the reporting period) included just one OPJ, an agent from the local Cantonnement Forestier, and one park management agent, the remaining members being community patrollers).) Patrol period Sector Total Q1 FY20 Sector II 8

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 24/97 Maroantsetra Sector IV 17 Befandriana North Sector V 12 Andapa Sector VI 15 Antalaha TOTAL GLOBAL 52

Patrollers logged 919 offenses in the SMART system Q1 in the four sectors of Makira Natural Park. A summary of these offenses is provided in Table 7 below. Table 7: Offenses Detected in Makira Natural Park (Q1 FY20) Threats Number of observations Slash and burn 214 Cutting of vegetation 162 Circulation within the PA 159 Camping 138 Illegal plantations 137 Illegal hunting 77 Fire 26 Modification of park 6 infrastructures Total 919

For Q1, the following table summarizes the joint patrols in Makira Natural Park and the results of the criminal charges and prosecutions that followed (Table 8): Table 8: Joint Patrols and Criminal Charges in Makira Natural Park (Q1 FY20) Number of Reporting Location Commune Type of offense judiciary Actual status date prosecution 10/29/201 Androndron Verbalized and Anavabe Slash and burn 1 9 a prosecuted

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 25/97 TDG Verbalized and 10/29/201 Androndron Ambalavoahang Slash and burn 4 prosecuted 9 a y Antsahaberaok Verbalized and 10/7/2019 Andampy Slash and burn 3 a prosecuted 11/4/2019 Belalona Beazomaty Illegal mining 0 Verbalized only Unauthorized Ambolomadini circulation within Verbalized and 10/4/2019 Tanandava 5 ka the protected prosecuted area TOTAL 13

Another joint patrol in Sector II in Makira was undertaken in late December but results have not yet been finalized. The large difference between the detected number of infractions (919) and the number of verbalizations resulting in a prosecution (13) reflects the high efficiency in the detection of even minor offenses, the relative rarity of encountering offenders in situ, and an insufficient number of Judicial Police Officers (OPJs).

Key Result 1.3: Information for decision-making is available and better used for NRM For the further refinement of USAID Mikajy’s Indicators 6.1 and 6.2, remote sensing training was organized with the Geocenter team for the USAID Mikajy staff, subcontractors, partners and Hay Tao. This training focused on how to use new technologies such as Google Earth and Sentinel 2 to track and analyze changes that could occur at USAID Mikajy’s intervention sites throughout the life of the project. Work will continue in Q2 and beyond to develop Mikajy’s reporting capability on these two indicators.

3.2 Strategic Approach 2: Wealth

Key Result 2.1: Conservation-friendly private sector investment increased in target areas Vanilla (Rainforest Alliance certification) – Working with collector and exporter, RAMEX, USAID Mikajy supported Rainforest Alliance certification of 4 vanilla cooperatives. Rainforest Alliance certification aims to promote sustainable production in the sector, following production standards for the environment and improving social well-being. After a year of training and implementation, the Rainforest Alliance external certification audit was held in Maroantsetra from 5 to 15 November 2019. 112 producers (90 men and 22 women) representing two cooperatives participated during focus group sessions and 19 vanilla plots were visited. The auditor informally confirmed that the producers would comply with the certification standard based on the high level of achievement. Co-ops certified at this first step proceed to the next stage with additional certification requirements. Regarding evidence inventories and documentary audits, the auditor positively noted that a number of activities are carried out with cooperatives that are complementary to RA certification such as village savings and loan plans and mutual health insurance schemes for vanilla producers, both of which are not very common among other associations or cooperatives. He stipulated that documentation of waste management and agriculture should be improved. For future projects such as the enrichment nurseries

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 26/97 required under the RA standard (for agroforestry and native species), it will be necessary to develop a document to facilitate monitoring and provide support to producers, to be evaluated in the 2nd year of certification. Seaweed farming with Ocean Farmers – USAID Mikajy in collaboration with Ocean Farmers made a feasibility assessment of seaweed farming in the MaMaBay seascape. USAID Mikajy supported the logistical costs of two of the company’s experts for a mission lasting nearly 10 days—November 20 to 30—throughout Cape Est to Cape Masoala. The prospecting mission concluded that there was potential for activity in the eastern part of MaMaBay, at six sites covering an area of approximately 125 Ha, which could benefit nearly 250 farmers and their households. The related business model will be deepened between Ocean Farmers, USAID Mikajy and WCS during Q2 FY20. In addition, the prospection team made visits to the Natur’Algue site followed by a visit to the Société de Pêche de Sainte Marie (SPSM) collection base (a company collecting fishery products such as octopus, squid, and lobster). SPSM is part of the Compagnie de Pèche Frigorifique de Tuléar (COPEFRITO) group with Ocean Farmers. It was noted that the products from the marine cooperative in Anandrivola, which collects from Ambohitralanana to Ile Sainte Marie, may be of interest to the company, and will be explored in Q2.

Key Result 2.2: Communities–have skills, resources and certifications to participate in sustainable value chains Traceability training (Metajua) – As part of the identification of traceability and sustainable value chain certification options for MaMaBay and to follow up on meetings with representatives of Madagascar Consulting and the Magasin Esperance on the development of a new certified organic-equitable vanilla project, the Mikajy SA2 specialist (NCBA) participated at a traceability training of trainers workshop in Sambava from 2 to 6 December 2019. The purpose of the workshop was to provide training on handling and mastering the Metajua traceability application aimed at private sector operators promoting sustainable supply chains. Participants included PROVA, SAHANALA, AGRI RESOURCES and VIRGINIA DARE. The Metajua application is useful for digitizing and recording data relating to producers (number of plots, area, type of cultivation, mode of exploitation, geo-referencing of the site) from POs or Co-ops. This facilitates data collection in all respects (economic, technical, and temporal) in contrast to surveys using survey sheets. In addition, the information will be available in real time and at various local, regional or international scales (producers, private sectors, and end users). In short, it is a tool that simplifies the customer/producer relationship. The next step will be to train all staff related to Bio-equitable vanilla projects (Magasin Esperance staff and USAID Mikajy team), following which, training at the target producer level will be considered. Vanilla cooperatives planning – In terms of leadership training, in the management of commercial operations with regards to cooperatives, after their training on cooperative management in Antananarivo during Q3 of year 1, the members of the Mirary Soa cooperative’s office decided to conduct a self-planning of their activities for the year 2020. Scope Insight’s assessment strengthened this planning. A total of 65 people participated in the Scope Insight assessment, including 14 of the 30 members of the Office and the Zonal Coordination Committee (Comité de Coordination Zonaux [CCZ]) of cooperative Mirary Soa. The planning document will be validated by the co-ops on February 22, 2020. This development of spontaneous planning by the vanilla cooperatives represents an important step towards demonstrating the third element of the Mikajy theory of change, namely:

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 27/97 ● “AND IF rural actors build trust, accountability, and common vision for improved resource governance and spontaneously take actions that are evidence of changing attitudes and conservation-friendly behaviors;” Village Savings and Loans Associations (VSLAs) – Eight VSLA groups (2 in Voloina, 3 in Mahalevona and 3 in Ankofabe) were accompanied and closely monitored this quarter. Based on Mikajy participation in VSLA meetings, it was observed that: ● Even if they cannot attend meetings, VSLA members participate and continue to contribute. For some groups, the membership fee for a meeting can be as high as 5,000ar. ● Each group visited had an entrepreneurial approach to opportunities. Aside from the financial contributions, in-kind donations per member were also collected. ● The VSLA group of Voloina, during the rice harvest decided to make a collection of 2 kapoka of rice per member that would be resold, and the proceeds will be returned to the cash register. In the case of Tanambao Vodivohitra, the group bought nearly 20 kg of cloves at average prices which they will sell at a better price later in the season. Trust and cohesion are evident at the group level, which makes management much easier, and illustrates emergence of another aspect of the 3rd element of the theory of change. Points to improve: ● Attendance at VSLA meetings is low (because these are still new and voluntary structures and motivation remains limited); ● Group mobilization is still to be strengthened for each association; ● Further training in the creation and management of small farm projects is needed; ● Capacity building in terms of financial management is also desired; ● Most groups use their money for social but not economic loans (e.g., health, education etc.); and ● Most groups decide to save initially over a few months to save enough capital for lending to other members which can demotivate members in search of short-term credit. Compared to this practice, Ombona Tahiry Ifampisamborana Vola (OTIV), a microfinance institute, works with small producer groups. and offers several accessible agricultural loans offers for members. The OTIV is able to offer three types of package for the Mikajy VSLA groups: ● “Rural local or agricultural credit” package is a form of individual loan for the start-up of small agricultural activities such as livestock and market gardening. ● “Special group VSLA” package is a more consequential form of loan, which is solicited in groups. requiring collateral on behalf of the VSLA association. ● Pack “lean season” is a form of loan similar to the system of vanilla advance payments. Representatives of the Voloina VSLA groups are planning to propose a long-term project for vanilla curing for the next campaign and other micro agricultural projects after the development of a MoU between OTIV and the VSLAs.

3.3 Strategic Approach 3: Resilient Communities

Key Result 3.1: Stakeholders adopt an integrated approach to conservation. Vodiriana river catchment – During Q1, USAID Mikajy continued the collaboration with Tozzi Green, a company that generates electricity for the city of Maroantsetra through the hydroelectric power plant installed in Voloina using the Vodiriana River (a river fed by the Makira Natural Park and one of its important ecosystem services). Mikajy and Tozzi Green conducted a field visit to determine

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 28/97 the areas requiring restoration to reduce soil erosion, amounting to 20 ha. These areas are included in Mikajy’s restoration plan for FY20. The development of a management plan to protect the watershed upstream of the hydroelectric power plant is a key priority for FY20, for which a scope of work (SOW) will be developed in Q2. PHE approach (cooperatives mutual health scheme) – With regard to the strategy for the access of members of the cooperatives union (Ankofabe – Voloina – Ambinanitelo – Mahalevona [AVAMA]) to the service of mutual health, after the establishment of the mutual health structure at the level of the two cooperatives (Mirarisoa and Liampivoarana), Mikajy guided the revision of the internal regulations and the registration of the final members according to contributions paid. The results for the first quarter are: ● Voloina (Mirarisoa Cooperative): 101 members contributing 3,030,000 ariary; and ● Ankofabe (Cooperative Liampivoarana): 29 members contributing 870.000 ariary.

3.4 Strategic Approach 4: Action

Key Result 4.1: Land and seascape strategies to strengthen land and resource tenure developed based on shared vision Shared vision – During Q1 (October 2019), Mikajy organized the inter-communal workshop for the District level of Maroantsetra, concluding the series of shared vision workshops for the Bay of Antongil and the surrounding area (the designated priority zone for FY19). A total of 111 people participated in the workshop, including 89 males and 22 women. The workshop defined the collective shared vision, corresponding roadmap and charter of responsibilities of the actors for this priority zone. The high-level vision states: ‘harena voajanahary tsara tantana sy zo amin’ny fananan-tany tsara antoka, fototra ho an’ny fampivoarana ny velon-tenan’ny mponina ato anatin’ny faritr’i Baie d’Antongil’ or’ Sustainably managed natural resources and secure land tenure, guaranteeing the promotion of human well-being around the Bay of Antongil’. Landscape, seascape strategies – Mikajy conducted an inventory of existing territorial planning documents, identified the management plans (PAG) for Makira and Masoala, the Bay of Antongil fisheries management plan (PAP) and confirmed the plans for management transfers are included in the VOI Management Transfer Contracts for each protected area. At the regional level, SRAT (Regional Planning Scheme) of Analanjirofo is being developed (the Sambava-Antalaha-Vohemar-Andapa [SAVA] and Sofia Regions do not yet have such schemes in place). At the level of the Intervention Municipalities, the Communes Urbaines (CU) of Antalaha has a Plan d’Urbanisme Directeur (PUDi) or Urban Master plan. The other municipalities do not yet have Communal Planning Schemes (SAC), and several of them are seeking support from USAID Mikajy to support their development. In Q1, Mikajy began to analyze these documents, with the objective of addressing land and natural resource management issues, to be completed in Q2 and results presented.

Key Result 4.2: Land and seascape plans for strengthened land and resource tenure implemented PLOF, Voloina – An inventory of land parcels, land occupation surveys and the PLOF for the Voloina pilot rural commune was undertaken by the local subcontractor GeoSystems. Results for Q1 show that: ● 1789 land parcels were censused in the 10 fokontany of the Voloina commune, resulting in 1789 completed survey questionnaires; ● An initial list of beneficiaries amounts to 2,212 persons (including identified heirs e.g. spouses or other family members); ● The 1789 parcels concern about 1350 putative landowners;

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 29/97 ● Digitalization of the plots was initiated by GeoSystems and integrated into the PLOF; and ● GeoSystems verified the existence of land titles and certificates in the Maroantsetra land district (Domain and Topography Services) for Voloina but found there were zero.

3.5 Strategic Approach 5: Power

Key Result 5.1: Key actors in community-based land tenure and NRM strengthened and empowered to advocate and enforce environmental laws CSO governance capacity evaluation – During Q1, Mikajy facilitated the self-assessment of a total of 36 CSOs and COBAs (involving 75 participants) using the OCAT tool (in two tranches of 11 and 25 CSOs). The organizations assessed are presented in the following two tables (Tables 9 & 10). Table 9: CSOs and COBAs Assessed Using the OCAT tool in MaMaBay (Tranche 1) (Q1 FY20) District Area Name # Organizations Antalaha Masoala Antalana sector VOI platform 01 Makira Sector VI VOI Platform (FIZAPA) 01 Andapa Makira Sector V VOI Platform (FIMAHA) 01 Maroantser Makira Sector I VOI Platform (MAVA or Miaro Atialan’I a Voloina Antsirabe Sahantany Ambinanitelo) 02 Sector II VOI Platform (MIFANDRAY Site) Masoala VOI VOANIALA Platform 01 MaMaBay Pêches Côtières Durables De la Baie d’Antongile (PCDDBA) (Baie d’Antongil Sustainable Development Consultation Platform) Baie d’Antongil Fishermen’s Federation (FPBA) 05 Tambazotran’ny Fokonolona Miaro ny Harena Voajanahary (TAFOMIHAAVO) Analanjirofo MIHARI Analanjirofo Women’s Association VEHIVAVY MIRAY Voloina Total 11

Table 10: CSOs and COBAs Assessed Using the OCAT tool in MaMaBay (Tranche 2) (Q1 FY20) District Area VOI Name # Organizations Antalaha Masoala VOI Mitabe tsy lanin’ny Mamba, VOI Fiarovana Alan’i 05 Marovovonana (FAM), VOI Siketribe, VOI Frasabe, VOI Ravinala

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 30/97 Makira VOI Lovasoa, VOI FFAM, VOI Liampivoarana, VOI 05 FMMAA, VOI Marolakana Andapa Makira VOI Fimimiata, VOI Amti, VOI Mamirano, VOI 08 Andolava, VOI Vamama, VOI FML, VOI Lamina, VOI Fimimieta Maroantset Makira VOI FAM, VOI FVFA (Fiarovana ny Vahoaka ra Faritr’Anjinjahely),VOI VHF (Vonona Hifanampy amin’ny Fampandrosoana),VOI Ambodivoangy Miray, VOI FMTIA (Fikambanana Miaro ny Tontolo Iainana 07 Ambalamahogo),VOI ATM ( Anjiamazava Tanambao Miray), VOI FVAS (Fiarovan’ny Vahoaka ny Alan’i Soanafindra) Total 25

Results indicate that most organizations have similar characteristics and capacity-building needs; the priorities for capacity building included: ● Organizational reinforcement: revitalization of members, strengthening internal communication; ● Strengthening management capabilities: leadership, financial management and simplified accounting; ● Technical capacity building: implementation of monitoring and evaluation systems, work planning and budget forecasts, project design and partnership development; and ● Capacity building on services: advocacy training and advocacy strategy development, land tenure law training. For Q1, the Mikajy goal was to facilitate the self-assessment of 13 organizations for MaMaBay, however Mikajy was able to facilitate self-assessments of 36 organizations by taking advantage of the presence of VOI Platforms in Antalaha, Andapa and Ambinanitelo during the SMART training. A total of 75 people participated in self-assessment workshops held in Antalaha, Andapa, Voloina, Mahalevona and Ambinanitelo, made up of 66 men (88%) and 9 women (12%), highlighting yet again the need for incentivizing the participation of women. The trainings to address the capacity needs will be designed in collaboration with Hay Tao in Q2 (beginning 4th week of February), with the first series of training of trainers planned for Q2 (final week of March), continuing into Q3, and the training of COBAs to be rolled out in Q3, continuing into Q4, with the aim to complete all trainings by the end of FY20.

Key Result 5.2: Accountability of the judicial system and community-based structures strengthened During Q1, Mikajy supported the training of judiciary officers and park management officers. Two trainings of trainers (a MEDD lawyer and a Ministry of Justice lawyer) were organized in coordination with Hay Tao. A session was held in Maroantsetra, where participants included WCS and MNP field officers at the District level, and another in Antalaha, aimed at Chiefs of Sector (Chef Secteur [CS]) and park agents (AGP) of MNP and WCS working inside the Masoala and Makira Protected Areas. For Antalaha, 5 CSs and 14 AGPs, all men, participated in the training.

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 31/97 The training focused on: ● The difference between complaints and denunciation; ● The whistle blowing procedure and the 3 elements to consider (material, intentional, legal); ● OPJs and their roles; ● Review of the law on environment, natural resources, wildlife and protected areas; and ● The validity and duration of penalties for each type of offence. The objective of the training was to strengthen the whistleblowing capacity of the Makira and Masoala Park Officers so that they could in turn train the VOIs at their respective area of intervention as part of USAID Mikajy’s support. The next step for Mikajy will be to extend the training to CBRNM actors (including COBAs and LMMAs) of around the principal protected areas of the region.

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 32/97 4. MENABE IMPLEMENTATION

In Q1, Mikajy began its second year of presence in the Menabe Landscape. The following four protected areas and the associated community-managed areas are supported by Mikajy: ● Menabe Antimena: 210,312ha; ● Kirindy Mite (KMT): 156,350 ha; ● Ambondrobe: about 7,000ha; and ● Baobab Alley: about 300ha. Menabe Antimena in northern Menabe is the largest protected area of the Menabe landscape, comparable in size to the Kirindy Mite biosphere (228,000 ha) of southern Menabe, which includes KMT plus about 70,000 ha of non-protected transition zone. USAID Mikajy supports implementation of the Menabe Antimena PA business plan, defined in the five-year PAG. During Q1, with PA manager Fanamby Mikajy supported firefighting awareness and training activities as a complement to forest patrols being carried out by Durrell (in continuation of Mikajy supported patrolling in FY19), Together with all the parties, Mikajy made a significant contribution to reducing the rate of illegal fires inside the core zones of the park during Q1. Thanks to the contribution of OPJ’s from DREDD to strengthen patrols, very few people committed offences within the core zones of the park. The recent Leahy vetting from USAID allowing Mikajy to support the participation of DREDD officers in joint patrolling will further contribute to protection of these remaining forests. In Manabe the key achievements for Q1 included: ● SA1 – Operationalization of the Menabe Task Force (covering the entire landscape and both marine and terrestrial ecosystems), launch of the fire prevention grant to Fanamby for Menabe- Antimena, issue of a grant to Durrell for community-based patrolling of Menabe-Antimena and Ambondrobe, establishment of the marine coalition, and launch of the Menabe PAP.

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 33/97 ● SA2 – Launch of the conservation farming program, including 12 pilot plots (of which 8 are operational), prospection on insect farming and identification of Lambokely as best site, identification of private sector opportunities and partners in the region (salt making, bee keeping, moringa harvesting, extension of seaweed farming). ● SA3 – Initiation of the PHE approach in Menabe (with USAID Mahefa Miaraka) at Beroboka, Marafandilia and Lambokely and integrating PES approaches for mangroves in the Mikajy Menabe marine program. ● SA4 – Completing the shared vision process for Menabe and related road map and action plan, securing a national dialog on the deforestation issues Menabe in collaboration with Hay Tao and FIVE and developing a land tenure reinforcement strategy for Menabe, for implementation from Q2 onwards. ● SA5 – Completing the organizational capacity evaluation (OCAT) of 32 CSOs in the Menabe region, providing a valuable baseline going forward, including women and youth associations (which were prioritized). During Q1, USAID Mikajy took key steps towards the restoration of the landscape within protected areas, developing grant projects with RBG Kew and another NGO (submission in preparation) to undertake a mix of active forest restoration, passive forest restoration of core zones and TGRN sites and agroforestry in community lands. With the anticipated approval of these two grants, complemented by the grant to Durrell for community based patrolling to protect the investments made, Mikajy will support the restoration of 550 ha, made up of 310 ha of dry forest, 100 ha of agroforestry plantations and 140 ha of restored mangrove, promoting the integrity of the Menabe Antimena protected landscape as a whole (231,000 ha). In the marine landscape, Mikajy continued to work with local marine partners (DRAEP/SRPA, Blue ventures, WWF, Mihari Association and MNP) as well as private and international partners (Ocean Farmers, USFS, Hay Tao and CRC) to develop a coordinated marine program for the region. During Q1, CRC conducted a first scoping mission for their proposed PES support project, and USFS conducted its first full field mission, evaluating mangroves at Betania, south of Morondava. Mikajy will work with the Mihari association to create/strengthen the local community LMMA structures in this area. In December Mikajy supported the relaunch of the Menabe PAP (Fisheries Management Plan), to be chaired by MAEP, led by DRAEP/SRPA, coordinated by USAID Mikajy and supported by Hay Tao/CRC, WWF, Blue Ventures and Mihari. Having provided the PAP best-practice guide, Hay Tao will continue to provide technical support in the development of useful tools for the PAP development, such as a template for rapid stock assessments. The PAP best practice guide recommends a process over about 18 months to establish a PAP, and the participants of the workshop agreed upon a timetable to complete the PAP development process by mid-2021 More recently, in the light of concerns about the speed of the process, the local partners have been considering the option of establishing an outline PAP framework for promulgation by July 2020, and then to develop specific management plans (e.g. crab fishery, shrimp fishery etc.) through a further phase of consultations. Regarding community development, Mikajy begun to support conservation agriculture in the sensitive area of Menabe Antimena (Marofandilia, Kirindy village, Beroboka and Lambokely). Mikajy continues to identify opportunities to extend this practice while respecting the zoning of protected areas and rules of the Protected Areas code (Code des Aires Protégées [COAP]). Mikajy also supported a successful study mission by the Madagascar Biodiversity Center (a project of the California Academy of Sciences) which confirmed the feasibility of establishing small-scale insect farming in the region.

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 34/97 Finally, with regard to the governance and defense of lands and natural resources, 32 CSOs and COBAs were assessed using the OCAT tool. The aim is to identify the baseline capacity level and the support needed to build their capacity, particularly for women and youth associations.

4.1 Strategic Approach 1: Nature

The key realizations of Q1 under SA1 in Menabe were: ● Continuing to participate in and strengthen the task force of partners supporting the management of the Menabe-Antimena protected landscape (DREDD, MNP, Fanamby, Durrell, WWF, FIVE, Mikajy, Hay Tao); ● The award, implementation and monitoring of a grant to Fanamby for community-based fire prevention and firefighting in Menabe Antimena PA; ● Development of a complementary suite of grants to Durrell, RBG Kew and Voahary for the patrolling and restoration of the dry forests of Menabe Antimena and Ambondrobe (for implementation in Q2) and beyond; ● Development of a regional coalition of partners with marine conservation programs in Menabe (DRAEP, WWF, Blue Ventures, USFS, COPEFRITO, Hay Tao/CRC, Mikajy) (and linking to a new IRD project on mangrove crabs); and ● Launch of the Menabe regional Fisheries Management Plan (PAP) with MAEP/DRAEP and key marine partners, including formal pledges of support from Blue Ventures and WWF. All of the above, mainly foundational, actions will have important impacts during the remainder of FY20 and are described in more detail below. The deepening of collaboration between task force partners for Menabe Antimena is beginning to shape a truly landscape-based approach to biodiversity conservation in the Menabe region and to have measurable impacts in the reduction of illegal clearing and forest fires. USAID’s support to this process, including its readiness, following Leahy vetting, to support forest officers (OPJs) as part of community- based patrolling has provided a welcome boost to Mikajy’s role as a convener in this process. At the start of Q1, Mikajy and Fanamby reached agreement on terms of the fire-fighting grant for the Menabe Antimena Protected Area. As manager of Menabe Antimena, Fanamby began implementation of this activity in Q1, starting with work planning and community awareness raising. Onset of the community awareness raising appeared to be associated with a marked reduction (from 412 to 87) in the number of fire points in October compared to the previous year, normally the high season for fires (see Table 11 below). Analysis of the factors behind this reduction will continue with task force partners in Q2. Table 11: Frequency of Forest Fires per Month in Menabe-Antimena PA – 2018 and 2019 (from MODIS Data) (Source: Durrell) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Total 2018 4 1 1 3 16 38 52 49 412 84 10 670 2019 4 1 24 61 90 65 87 32 5 369 Total 8 1 0 1 4 40 99 142 114 499 116 15 1039

In addition, a second patrolling grant was issued to Durrell which will ensure the continuation of community-based patrolling of PA Menabe Antimena, extending to the communities around the

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 35/97 Ambondrobe protected area, also managed by Durrell. Since the Durrell is coordinating and implementing these community patrols, USAID Mikajy’s support will be managed by Durrell, starting in Q2 (January 2020). As Durrell has already mastered the SMART patrol tool, as well as following the SMART update training in August 2019 provided by USAID Mikajy, Durrell will continue SMART training to community patrollers working in Menabe Antimena (forest areas) and extend training to the new COBAs of Ambondrobe. In the southern zone (Belo sur Mer), the Mikajy team will ensure the training of COBAs around Kirindy Mite and for the LMMAs. With regard to Landscape Restoration (Dry Forest), USAID Mikajy is finalizing two grants linked with this. The grant to RBG Kew combines restoration actions with the production of food for communities through cultivation of wild yams in home forests, and agroforestry in deforested areas. The grant to Voahary will focus more on restoration and reforestation of damaged core zones. Implementation of these two grants will help ensure the restoration of parts of the dry forest destroyed in recent years by maize farming (77,914 hectares of dry forest in 2014 of which 43,636 ha in the core and the remnants in the management transfer zones), but in addition, we will be able to strengthen the capacity of the PA community, which will subsequently ensure the continuity of the restoration of the dry forests affected by the core zones and the Management Transfer Zones occupied by the local communities (i.e., the COBAs or ‘VOI’).At the seascape level, based on a series of local and national meetings, USAID Mikajy finalized a framework for collaboration with marine stakeholders, especially in terms of marine conservation, strengthening TGRNs and restoration of mangroves. Finally, the launching of the elaboration of a Fisheries Management Plan for Menabe contributes to the management of marine resources (Transfert de Gestion des Ressources Halieutiques [TGRH]) in the coastal and marine areas of Menabe and will take Mikajy’s marine interventions in Menabe to a seascape scale. Accomplishments by key result are presented below.

Key Result 1.1: Target actors have improved capacity for natural resource management and protected area management and/to support conservation Terrestrial – Mikajy continued to reinforce actors’ capacity through coordination during Q1 as a result of Mikajy’s continued participation in the Menabe-Antimena task force. Firefighting training – During Q1, Mikajy reinforced the capacity of regional actors in the prevention and fighting of fires through a grant to Fanamby to develop a regional firefighting strategy and to train park managers and communities and raise community awareness in fire prevention and control. The principal activities started in Q1 included: ● Active training of 22 trainers (3 from Ankaraobato, 5 from Marofandilia,1 from Kirindy village, 7 from Beroboka, 3 from Lambokely,1 from Tsimafana and 2 from Kiboy) from 28 November to 06 December 2019. These 20 trainers will each train 100 local individuals to ensure the sustainability of actions to combat wildfires. Training focused on: (i) fire prevention: education, community awareness raising; (ii) fire protection: repression actions; (iii) fire suppression (iv) restoration; (v) military training (physical reinforcement) for the purpose of creating fire rangers. ● Development of a regional fire management plan to coordinate emergency response to fires and clarify actions to be taken. The development of the plan was based on a field assessment by South African fire experts, followed by community consultations, from which the fire management plan will be developed by the experts during Q2. Marine – In Q1, Mikajy established effective coordination of marine actors in Menabe for the first time, thereby improving actors’ capacity. In response to the coordination meetings convened by Mikajy of the

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 36/97 Menabe marine players (WWF, Blue Ventures, MNP, and Mihari), the parties agreed to a coordinated approach. The timing proved to be highly favorable. WWF is currently completing its existing strategic action plan and will enter a new phase from 2020; Blue Ventures and Mihari have also just completed a strategic planning process able to integrate the new partnership approach for Menabe. This reinforced partnership will harness the benefits of the various supporting research projects (USFS, CRC, and IRD) which will be integrated into the coalition framework. As part of the new coalition, the partners were able to confirm the priority marine sites for the creation of new LMMAs, which will be at Kimony, Betania and Manahy. Establishment of new LMMAs will begin from Q2 onwards. In the southern Menabe sites (between Morondava and Belo sur Mer), which are included within the Kirindy Mite Biosphere Reserve, USAID Mikajy will work in collaboration with Blue Ventures and the applicable research projects (USFS, CRC, and, eventually, IRD) Mikajy will initially prioritize the establishment and support of mangrove forest management transfers in five villages (Menaky, Andranolava, Andika sur mer, Antsatsatsabo and Ankevo sur mer), and the restoration of mangroves at 11 sites affected by these groups. Table 12 summarizes the planned marine interventions of the marine coalition in the South Menabe Seascape in relation to SA1, including coordination between USAID Mikajy and Blue Ventures. Table 12: Planned Marine Interventions of the Marine Coalition in the South Menabe Seascape Activity Blue Ventures USAID Mikajy Observation 1. Setting up new TGRN /LMMA Awareness raising & Awareness raising & Participation animation animation Structuring of COBA/VOI 5 TGRN to be created : Patrol agents Mikajy to facilitate identification engagement of 1. Menaky DREDD/DRAEP 2. Ankaotelo, and MNP Belamora 3. Andranolava (Nosy Mita) 4. Antsatsabo 5. Lovobe, Ankevo sur Mer, Mokotra – Belalanda – Mavitraka Training COBA/VOI, Dina TGRN training elaboration and implementation Development of VOI Elaboration of TORs and Support to Dina DREDD, DRAEP, management tools, TGRN contract with Menabe MNP, MIHARI, and Management Plan, communities (elaboration, regional authorities Delimitation of areas subject update and to management transfer: homologation of fishing areas, core zones, Dina)

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 37/97 restoration areas, resource inventories Elaboration of TGRN TGRN contract elaboration Participation DREDD, DRAEP, contract with communities MNP, and MIHARI PAG validation Organization and Participation DREDD, DRAEP, mobilization of MNP, and MIHARI communities and actors TGRN Officialization Organization and Participation DREDD, DRAEP, mobilization of MNP, and MIHARI communities and actors Training on natural resource Management of marine Mangrove Supported by USFS management – mangroves resources, mangroves, crab (Forest) (technical and marine resources fishery, ecotourism Management assistance) development Restoration of degraded areas, establishment of nurseries Training in SMART patrolling COBA management Fisheries and fisheries Coaching of resources COBAs in mangrove management Patrol and surveillance, SMART patrolling SMART data With WWF and SMART training for patrol management MNP officers, Joint patrols: communities and OPJs, Patrol data collection and management Adaptation of climate Design Design and With MIHARI information for fisheries dissemination WWF, DRAEP users 2. Support two existing TGRN Redynamisation of Support 2 VOI in Andika Participation COBA/VOI and Antanimaningo Evaluation of TGRNs Organization with Facilitation of Coordination with (Mangrove) communities evaluation by MNP-MIHARI DREDD/DRAEP Training on natural Organizational training Training in Technical input resources, Mangrove and Mangrove from USFS and Management CRC

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 38/97 Marine Technical Management Management of COBA Patrol and surveillance, Surveillance system and Training in With WWF and training of patrol officers in logistics SMART patrolling MNP SMART, Joint patrols: & data communities and OPJs, management Collection and management of patrol data

SMART training programs (marine and terrestrial) During Q1, Mikajy focused on the planning of future SMART training. for community workers: ● Menabe Antimena – signature of the grant to at the end of Q1 paved the way for continued SMART training for Menabe Antimena (KMMFA) and Ambondrobe patrol officers, to be implemented from Q2 of 2020. ● Menabe northern seascape (Belo sur Tsiribihina): training will focus on the establishment of mangrove patrolling in the northern part of Menabe in collaboration with WWF, to begin in Q2 of 2020 in accordance with WWF’s updated strategic plan. ● Menabe Southern Zone – will be held after the creation of patrol structures for each COBA: 7 TGRN by Blue Ventures: Menaky, Antsatsabe/Lovobe, Belalanda, Antanimanimbo, Belagnora, Mokotra, Mavitrika, and 7 TGRN by MNP: Mitsinjo NyTahirisoa, MITI, Miaro Tombotsoa Miray Soalengo, Mirangasoa, Fitahiasoa, Soafitahia, Miaro Soalaingo Befasy.

Key Result 1.2: Improved coordination and engagement among/by target actors Prior to Mikajy interventions, an emergency coordination structure (the Menabe Antimena working group) was established in Menabe to find solutions to the deforestation emergency in Menabe Antimena PA. Following Mikajy intervention in Menabe, and particularly the series of shared vision the intercommunal forums and regional dialogues initiated by USAID Mikajy, a new, landscape-wide and more action-orientated structure covering both landscape and seascape was adopted to discuss problems related to the conservation and development of the region, known as the Menabe Task Force, which became fully operational during Q1 of FY20. Most Mondays during Q1, the task force members (conservation and development actors of Menabe including Mikajy and CSOs) met at the DREDD offices to discuss the urgent issues related to the land and marine conservation of the Menabe region. Given the focus of the previous working group and the ongoing emergency in the Menabe Antimena protected area, most topics of discussion still focus on this PA (including law enforcement by OPJs. At the end of Q1, following pressure from local politicians seeking access to land for their constituents, the main discussion point in the task force is the search for a resolution to the conflict between agriculture and conservation. DREDD Menabe and Fanamby are currently trying to identify available agricultural land and the opportunities for extending agricultural zones in the protected landscape compatible with forest conservation. The findings will contribute to an eventual zoning update of the PAG of 2020. Restoration – With regard to restoration actions, Mikajy worked with RBG Kew to develop and improve restoration actions as part of the proposed grants to these two entities, and also reviewed the

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 39/97 opportunities for mangrove restoration. Restoration activities will begin on January 19, 2020 – to coincide with the official launch day in the Region. The restoration plan is summarized in Table 13: Table 13: Mikajy FY 20 Restoration Plan Summary Activity Locations Objectives Restoration Calendar Restoration of Lambokely Protected 100 ha Active restoration: January 20 Menabe Core Area Menabe Antimena onwards zones Total 200 (Aire Protegee Menabe 100,000 seedlings planted ha (of which 100 Antimena [APMA]) Core / 2 Nurseries Beroboka ha active & 100 ha zones North and South passive production of young restoration = 200 plants ha) Active restoration: reforestation and enrichment of degraded core zone Lambokely APMA core 100 ha Passive restoration: January 20 zones onwards Strengthening patrols of the remaining NDs, promoting natural regeneration Restoration of Lambokely core zone 10 Active restoration January 20 degraded forests reforestation (10 ha) hectares through reforestation onward in management and enrichment of transfer areas of 8 degraded ND villages in Menabe Antimena Total Restoration, enrichment 100 ha Enrichment of January 20 110 ha of management transfer management transfer onwards ND 12.5 ha by TGRN core areas on 8 TGRNs: Andranomandeha, 8 nurseries per village to Tsitakabasia, Kiboy, produce 55,000 seedlings Berokoba, Tsianaloka, Marofandilia, Kirindy, Tanandava) Agroforestry with Restoration of 100 ha Promoting agroforestry January 20 the 8 villages of agricultural areas by with the management onwards Menabe Antimena agroforestry 100 ha communities of the 8 (instead of 10 TGRNs villages) Restoration of 40-hectare Mangroves 40 ha Active restoration: To be Mangrove de Belo with COBA Belo sur determined sur Mer 10 ha per Mer, Manahy with 04 Production of Belo sur according to LMMA site (x4 communities Mer seedlings 200,000 tide sites) plus 2 sites propagules / 4 nurseries calendar and

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 40/97 of 50 ha (one Active mangrove propagule active, one restoration of 10 availability passive) hectares per community: Manahy, Belo sur Mer, 2 Total 140 ha other LMMA 50 hectares of 50 ha Active restoration: To be Mangrove in the central propagule collection and determined and southern zone land making, 4–5 ha/site- according to 3 seasons: to coordinate tide North: Ampataka, Bosy, with DREDD, Fanamby, calendar and Andrahangy, Antsakoa, and WWF propagule Andramasay, Kimony, availability Betania Menabe Antimena 50 ha Passive restoration: What to do central zone, South Belo strengthening of patrols with the sur Mer and mangrove implementat surveillance: ion of patrol and surveillance

Fire management – With USAID Mikajy’s grant funding, Fanamby conducted community awareness sessions on fire management focusing on the dangers of fire, climate change and its effects in relation to agricultural seasons, the need for collaboration in the fight against fires, the means of use adopted in each village. Public awareness sessions were held in 10 of the 13 villages adjacent to the protected forests of Menabe-Antimena reaching 1004 people (see Table 14). Table 14: Location and Number of People Participating in Fire and Climate Change Awareness Raising in Menabe-Antimena (Q1 FY20) (Source: Fanamby) Village Number of people present and sensitized Ankoraobato 83 Marofandilia 77 Ampataka 75 Kirindy 183 Tanandava 119 Nosibe Ankatsaky 107 Anjà Belamonty 72 Beroboka 70 Kiboy 115 Tsimafana 103

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 41/97 Total 1,004

All of these people are more or less aware of the danger they face from the spread of fire and know that illegal actions in core zones can be repressed and may be punished. However, they have no alternatives to farming and lack knowledge of sustainable farming techniques (such as conservation farming). Community demands focused on the construction of irrigation dams and the adjustment or even extension of farming areas in the Menabe Antimena protected landscape (demands that are outside the ability of Mikajy). A special request was also made not only for sustainable agriculture, but also for other sustainable income-generating activities. In summary, the communities showed strong interest in fire management training and expect to learn more effective and fast techniques of fire management and control. Some members of the community expected to receive fire management materials.

Key Result 1.3: Information for decision-making is available and better used for NRM During Q1, the focus was on promoting SMART patrolling as a key source of information for NRM decision making, through a combination of coordinating with partners (via the Menabe Task Force) and providing SMART training. In the case of Menabe, it should be noted that several conservation actors have already used the SMART patrolling tool, but each operates in its own way and according to the availability of the tools they use, and others do not have the means to do so. Thus: ● WWF and MNP use the data logger; ● Durrell uses the tablet and smartphone; and ● The OPJ of the DREDD are unable to carry out SMART patrolling due to a lack of resources (although can participate in joint patrols in which community patrollers use SMART techniques). As the DREDD represents the government at the regional level, it is responsible for storing and exploiting SMART data, but due to a lack of computerized equipment (smartphone computer), it depends on the information provided by the technical partners so far. Mikajy plans to provide one laptop computer per DREDD in Q2 for the primary purpose of storing and analyzing SMART patrolling data. USAID Mikajy worked with partners to promote standardization of smart patrol practice by using the same Cyber Tracker application, to use the same equipment to exploit it to the maximum (smartphone or tablet) to have the same information processing and analysis for all partners.

4.2 Strategic Approach 2: Wealth

As the Menabe Antimena Protected Area is a highly threatened area by the unsustainable production of maize and peanut value chains, the Mikajy strategy is to promote sustainable variants of these value chains (such as through conservation farming by small scale farmers or private-sector farming investments which are able to use low fertility soils and provide local employment) while demonstrating the feasibility of sustainable cultivation in degraded areas through conservation farming. During Q1, Mikajy began experimenting with conservation agriculture, adapted to the climate of the geological context of the Menabe. Mikajy support included an expert assessments, training of trainers and the supply of equipment and inputs (seeds and fertilizer) In consultation with the park management authorities and interested communities, 12 suitable plots were identified, of which 8 will be actively developed in Q2.

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 42/97 Key Result 2.1: Conservation-friendly private sector investment increased in target areas Engagement of the PSE consultant at national level included a field mission to Menabe, which identified 4 potential investors and 8 potential conservation friendly enterprises. Following analysis, discussions were maintained with 3 investors and 4 potential projects (on salt making in mangroves, bee keeping and moringa harvesting). Draft MoUs for collaboration were developed and communicated to investors for their consideration at a series of meetings to be held in Q2 (week 2). USAID Mikajy also continued discussions with biscuit, flour and poultry feed companies to convince them to work on the traceability of their raw materials, notably maize. Mikajy will need to ensure the availability of sufficient product at community level, then draw up a marketing plan with potential buyers. Companies using maize as a raw material are part of our target group, as well as their suppliers: JB (Basan Group) was our first contact. Mikajy also seeks the cooperation of Société Malgache de Transformation de Plastique (SMTP), Ecofruit, Star brewery (part of the Malto-Castel group) and the LFL feedstock company. These private sector actors have been invited to participate in the Menabe national dialog in Q2.

Key Result 2.2: Communities-have skills, resourcees and certifications to participate in sustainable value chains Given the parallel plans for USAID Mikajy and USAID Hay Tao and Fanamby to sponsor a study on the maize value chain, it was agreed between the parties that a single study will be undertaken under the lead of Hay Tao while integrating the specific expectations of USAID Mikajy and Fanamby. Mikajy helped to finalize the study’s terms of reference (ToR) and to identify suitable consultants. The study will be undertaken in Q2. The options for traceability and the options for sustainable maize and certification of peanuts will be known following the study to be led by Hay Tao. For conservation agriculture, Mikajy’s main action was the Identification of 8 demonstration sites of 1,000m2, each including 2 lots of 500m2 1 for peanuts and 1 maize were pre-identified. Each farmer’s plot has the dimensions: Identification and validation of these sites was carried out with Fanamby as the protected area manager, DREDD as representative of the Ministry of Environmental in the region and DRAEP as institution responsible for agricultural development of the region, for approval. Training in farming techniques was provided by farmers’ leaders who have already received training on: ● The roles and responsibilities of lead farmers; ● Installation techniques and monitoring of demonstration sites; ● Compost preparation; and ● Mentoring and monitoring of adopters. The project provided all the materials and inputs needed for the installation of the demonstration sites. The sites are already installed, and activities have already started. Inputs have been attributed in accordance with Table 15. Table 15: Inputs Purchased in Q1 FY20 for Conservation Farming Maize NPK 11-22-16 Urea 46% Peanut flour 11 IRAT200 DESTINATION Spade Ripper uni # Unit # # Unit # Unit t

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 43/97 Marofandilia 1 30 Kg 15 Kg 16 Kg 4 Kg 2 1 Marofandilia 2 30 Kg 15 Kg 16 Kg 4 Kg 2 1 Kirindy 1 30 Kg 15 Kg 16 Kg 4 Kg 2 1 Kirindy 2 30 Kg 15 Kg 16 Kg 4 Kg 2 1 Lambokely 1 30 Kg 15 Kg 16 Kg 4 Kg 2 1 Lambokely 2 30 Kg 15 Kg 16 Kg 4 Kg 2 1 Lambokely 3 30 Kg 15 Kg 16 Kg 4 Kg 2 1 Lambokely 4 30 Kg 15 Kg 16 Kg 4 Kg 2 1 TOTAL 240 Kg 120 Kg 128 Kg 32 Kg 16 8 Quantity 313,5 120 128 32 24 9 Stocks 73,5 0 0 0 8 1

VSLAs (Menabe) – With regard to the promotion of VSLAs, Mikajy delivered a first internal training of trainers in December 2019 in preparation for future training of producers. 32 VSLA groups will be targeted in 2020. In the interest of incentivizing the participation of conservation actors, most of the members are members of existing COBAs. Salt making – In the search for alternatives to diversify sources of income for communities, a meeting with the regional authorities was organized to discuss the possibility of support for the artisanal extraction of salt by the farmers of Menabe Antimena, including analysis of market access, technical/material support (protection, iodization machine) and creation of associations. USAID Mikajy analyzed the possibility of synergy with an interested private sector operator with whom USAID Mikajy is already in contact through the work of the PSE consultant

Key Result 2.3: Improved income for target communities Given the current law enforcement context in Menabe Antimena, many producers have been displaced out of core protection zones in recent months. The focus of Mikajy interventions has been on demonstrating effective agricultural production, before considering the market opportunities and creation of cooperatives. A coordination meeting with development partners was held in Menabe to identify who could offer what in the field of promoting alternative value chains other than peanuts and maize. Below are the offers made (Table 16): Table 16: Menabe Development Partners’ Offers of Assistance for Value Chains other than Maize and Peanuts (Q1 FY20) Organization Actions for the 2019–2020 crop season DRAEP ● Fishing service: ● Receiving applications for professional cards elating to fishing activities/projects brought by OPs; ● Technical training for maritime and continental fishing, supervision and follow- up. ● Agriculture service:

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 44/97 ● Improved seed distribution ● Support for prospecting of improved seed suppliers ● Livestock service ● Technical training ● Support for supplier prospecting in Cheptel (improved cattle breed) Agricultural ● Support on the creation of enterprises by Producer Organizations Development ● Receipt of applications (available templates) for the fourth quarter of 2019, Fund (FDA) for non-seasonal activities such as goat farming and fishing) DREDD ● Framing on the installation and production of tree seedlings FANAMBY ● Supports on project establishment by POs ● Receiving regular requests from POs ● Support for the establishment of nurseries and livelihoods.

This meeting with partners enabled USAID Mikajy to identify the potential contributions of each landscape partner in carrying out support activities at the level of Producer Organizations.

4.3 Strategic Approach 3: Resilient Communities

Key Result 3.1: Stakeholders adopt an integrated approach to conservation. During Q1, Mikajy Menabe identified one new potential partner and developed an existing collaboration aimed at community resilience, facilitating an integrated approach to conservation and development. Madagascar Biodiversity Center – MBC (an entity affiliated with the California Academy of Sciences) visited 4 villages (Marofandilia, Kirindy, Beroboka, Lambokely) to assess potential for small- scale insect farming. Lambokely village was identified as the best prospect (motivation, history in edible insects, critical source of deforestation). Three suitable cricket species were collected near villages including one also collected in Kirindy, an Protected Area Menabe Antimena [Aire Protegee Menabe Antimena (APMA)] core zone). The next steps are to study egg laying and life history with view to establishing a first trial farm in Lambokely in Q2 or Q3) with training, social integration, etc. Insect farming represents a climate smart agricultural technology for growing protein while providing significant nutritional benefits, especially to children, and valuable fertilizer for use in farming, providing opportunities for conservation friendly MSMEs (in investment, private sector partnership and revenues). USAID Mahefa Miaraka – During Q1, Mikajy continued to work with Mahefa Miaraka to identify synergies in shared intervention sites. For the Menabe landscape in particular, a Population, Health and Environment Project is being implemented by USAID Mahefa Miaraka. A joint Memorandum of Understanding, covering national and regional collaboration is being drafted: USAID Mikajy will work in environmental conservation and community resilience (SA2), while USAID Mahefa Miaraka will provide the health aspect in collaboration with the CSB (local health clinics). Climate change adaptation – At USAID Mikajy’s request, the Department of Meteorology systematically provides climate information to the Menabe region. For dissemination, USAID Mikajy is cooperating with the Department of Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries (DRAEP) in Menabe to provide information for the purpose of adapting agricultural activities to climatic conditions. Disaster preparedness – Medair has been invited to submit a proposal for humanitarian aid funding for Menabe from the EU, with bids due by January 31 2020. Mikajy is discussing a possible renewed

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 45/97 collaboration on community resilience actions for Menabe through setting up an improved early warning system, potentially linked to Mikajy’s mobile communication platform.

4.4 Strategic Approach 4: Action

Key Result 4.1: Land and seascape strategies to strengthen land and resource tenure developed based on shared vision The goal is to develop strategies to improve the integration of resource and land use considerations into existing land and seascape plans, including a strategy to empower communities to protect their land rights and resource tenure rights. In Menabe, two shared visions were developed: 1. Shared vision of the northern zone: ‘Menabe Antimena belongs to us and we protect it’; and 2. Shared vision of the southern zone: ‘Responsible, healthy citizens with sustainable productive activities and living around well-managed land and marine natural resources’. From these two shared visions, roadmaps were established, and commitments of the local community were enshrined in the charters of responsibility. During Q1, the Mikajy team undertook a comparative analysis of the shared visions and contexts for the northern and southern areas of Menabe in order to share these with the Menabe Task Force. The analysis highlighted the very different contexts of the two zones: ● In the northern zone, the communities (and the management transfer areas or TGRN), including migrants, actually reside/lie within the protected landscape (Category V, harmonious landscape), and their development activities and access to lands are therefore regulated by the PA management plan and the protected areas law – thus the futures of the communities (resident and migrant) and the PA are effectively bound together (as the shared vision suggests), creating considerable challenges in reconciling conservation and development, and encouraging political intervention on behalf of the communities where in conflict with conservation. ● In the southern zone around the Kirindy Mite protected area and other areas (category II, national park), the communities reside outside the protected areas and are therefore bound only by the TGRN contracts (where present) and the general law – thus they are less constrained, and freer to direct their own sustainable development and to cohabit harmoniously with conservation. The analysis has fundamental implications for the management of the two landscapes. In the northern zone, application of the Mikajy strategic approaches, notably conservation friendly enterprises, will require agreement between community and PA manager, whereas in the southern zone, agreement will only be required in relation to co-management. Achievement of Mikajy indicators will be subject to similar challenges. It follows that revision of the Menabe Antimena PAG and collaboration with the park management authorities and managers (DREDD, Fanamby) will be critical for the success of Mikajy and merit the utmost attention and effort during FY20, beginning with Q2. During the Q1 period, an important event was organized by the CSO FIVE at a CSO fair entitled “APMA’s Rural Development Engagement and Consultation Workshop.” During the workshop, USAID Mikajy shared the Menabe North Shared Vision Report to translate it into a work plan for all stakeholders. The resolutions of this workshop will be presented by regional actors during the national dialogue on Menabe Antimena planned for Q2.

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 46/97 Key Result 4.2: Land and seascape plans for strengthened land and resource tenure implemented Strategy for strengthening land and resources tenure (APMA) – During Q1, Mikajy developed plan to ensure the effective participation of community structures and CSOs in the protection of their rights to land and resource tenure. The plan or strategy is based on the involvement of CSO platforms: 1. Support the establishment and capacity building of CSO communal platforms bringing together existing community structures (Associations, VOI, POs, etc.). This platform would be the future community co-manager. To ensure this role, the communal platform would receive subsidies after having received the necessary capacity reinforcement. 2. Organize with the Communes and fokontany a meeting involving the local community organized in VOIs, POs, or associations to refine their action plan established in 2019 in land and resource tenure. This step assures the future role of the CSO platform in protecting their land rights and enforcing their right to land and resource tenure. 3. Support the fokontany and the communes to revitalize the existing social structures in order to set up a land recognition committee that works with the Birao Ifotony Fananan-tany (Guichet Foncier) (BIF) in the localities where this local office is still functional, or otherwise works with the CSO platform. 4. Exchange and consultation with the Protected Areas management authorities (DREDD, Fanamby) to establish co-management modalities to involve the local community in the management of the PA. The result would be the establishment of the responsibility sharing matrix defining the terms of reference of the community co-manager. Specifically, for the management transfer areas it is necessary to form a COBA and establish a management transfer contract. Details of the farming and harvesting zones would be recorded in the transfer document. 5. In order for the community co-manager to have legal status , a consultation session involving state decision-makers such as DREDD and Collectivités Territoriales Décentralisées (CTDs) would be organized. The expected result would be the validation by the regional administrative authorities of the involvement of the local community, represented by the community co-manager in the co- management of the Protected Areas. The results/tools obtained during the various consultations carried out during 2019 (Community Responsibility Charter, roadmap) will be used during these consultations. Land use census (APMA) – For the Menabe landscape, the land tenure context differs from that of MaMaBay and the approach to helping communities secure tenure rights to land is different. In Menabe, the level of economic wealth is far inferior to the vanilla growing areas of MaMaBay. Societies are more tradition, there is a high migrant population (themselves from traditional communities to the south) and the awareness of land tenure systems much less developed. Added to this, the populations of Menabe Antimena reside within a protected area of category V, for which the land tenure status has not yet been defined by law. It is therefore anticipated that more collective and traditional approaches to land tenure will be required, such as the use of regional dina agreements. As a first step, to establish baseline information on land occupation, it was agreed with Hay Tao, to undertake a land parcel census of the Menabe Antimena protected landscape. The land parcel census (covering the 11 communes in Menabe Antimena) was completed in Q1 of FY20 by SIF/Hay Tao. During Q1, Mikajy worked with Hay Tao in order to identify the specific needs of Mikajy which are being taken account of by SIF/Hay Tao in their analysis of the results. Mikajy hopes to receive the results and analyses during Q2, and aims to ensure that they are taken account of in the update of the Menabe Antimena PAG being undertaken by Fanamby with support from Mikajy.

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 47/97 4.5 Strategic Approach 5: Power

Key Result 5.1: Key actors in community-based land tenure and NRM strengthened and empowered to advocate and enforce environmental laws In order to be able to identify the training needs of structures and organizations affected by USAID Mikajy, a capacity assessment is done for each organization to identify capacity building needs related to governance and land tenure and provide a baseline for future assessments. In Menabe during Q1, Mikajy focused on organizing and facilitating the assessment of 32 CSOs (with 121 participants) using the Organizational Capacity Assessment Tool (see Table 17 below). The organizations were selected based on their involvement and/or commitments to USAID Mikajy’s strategic approaches, while prioritizing women and youth associations. The organizations came from various fields of activity, including agriculture, conservation, gender, students, territorial administration, marine activity, handicrafts, CSO platforms, networks and federations, from both the northern and southern zones of Menabe. Table 17: Menabe Organizations Assessed in Q1 FY2020 Protected Date Organization Category Locality Place Area assessed Kirindy 05/12/20 Belo sur Mer Menaky Manirisoa CSO Belo sur Mer Mite 19 Kirindy 05/12/20 Belo sur Mer Miray Soa Velondriaka CSO Belo sur Mer Mite 19 VOI Mitsinjo Ny Kirindy 05/12/20 Belo sur Mer Tahirisoa VOI Antsira/ Belo sur Mer Mite 19 Kirindy 05/12/20 Belo sur Mer PFC BSM PFC Belo sur Mer Mite 19 Services Technique s Alokaina Organisme Deconcen Public de Coopération tres 11/12/20 Belo sur Intercommunale (OPCI) (STD) Belo sur Tsiribihina Apma 19 Tsiribihina 10/12/20 Belo sur AmpelaMahefa CSO Delta Apma 19 Tsiribihina 11/12/20 FIVOI BST VOI Belo sur Tsiribihina Apma 19 Belo Tsiribihina Ambondro 10/12/20 Mijoha VOI VOI Aboalimena be 19 Belo Tsiribihina 10/12/20 Mamelombahoaka VOI VOI Tsianaloka/Tsimafana Apma 19 Belo Tsiribihina

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 48/97 10/12/20 ASS Tsimialonjafy CSO Tsiraraka/Tsaraotana Apma 19 Belo Tsiribihina 10/12/20 VOI TahioGnategna VOI Tsianaloka/Tsimafana Apma 19 Belo Tsiribihina 10/12/20 MamonjyKely CSO Kiboy/Tsimafana Apma 19 Belo Tsiribihina 10/12/20 Tsaraotana PFC PFC Tsaraotana Apma 19 Belo Tsiribihina 11/12/20 Tsimafana PFC PFC Tsimafana Apma 19 Belo Tsiribihina 10/12/20 PFC Delta PFC Delta Apma 19 Belo Tsiribihina 11/12/20 VMLF CSO Belo Tsiribihina Apma 19 Belo Tsiribihina 11/12/20 Tranobe Ny Tantsaha CSO Belo Tsiribihina Apma 19 Belo Tsiribihina 11/12/20 FIVE BST CSO Belo Tsiribihina Apma 19 Belo Tsiribihina Kirindy 13/12/20 MIHARI CSO Menabe Mite 19 Bemanonga Kirindy 13/12/20 Mba Soahoavy Miray CSO Belo sur Mer Mite 19 Bemanonga Kirindy 13/12/20 MiraisoaAntsatsabo CSO Lovobe/Bemanonga Mite 19 Bemanonga 13/12/20 GEDY-B CSO Morondava Apma 19 Bemanonga 13/12/20 Youth Consortium CSO Morondava Apma 19 Bemanonga 13/12/20 Longo Iaby CSO Bemanonga Adb 19 Bemanonga 13/12/20 FITAMA CSO Mangily/Bemanonga Adb 19 Bemanonga 13/12/20 Bemanonga PFC PFC Bemanonga Adb 19 Bemanonga Kirindy 13/12/20 Befasy PFC PFC Befasy Mite 19 Bemanonga

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 49/97 12/12/20 Mahasarombaky PO PO Marofandilia Apma 19 Marofandilia 12/12/20 Fandrosoana PO PO Kirindy/Marofandilia Apma 19 Marofandilia 12/12/20 Fitamalaky CSO Lambokely/Beroboka Apma 19 Marofandilia 12/12/20 MihaavoTafo CSO Beroboka Apma 19 Marofandilia 12/12/20 Marofandilia PFC PFC Marofandilia Apma 19 Marofandilia

The OCAT was conducted in two steps: 1. Preparation of organizations to self-assess, to gather the necessary evidence, to demonstrate and distribute the OCAT tool 2. Group them together and facilitate their self-assessment, supported by Mikajy personnel as resource persons. During the first stage in FY19 36 people including 29 men and 7 women participated. For the second stage in Q1 of FY20, 242 participants attended, summarized as in Table 18: Table 18: OCAT Self-Evaluations in Menabe (Q1 FY20) conducted by MSIS & MEL teams – Age Class Breakdown

Male Male Female Female Age class >30 <30 >30 <30 Number (MSIS) 90 15 18 11 Number (MEL team) 97 5 4 2 Total 207 35

Of the 242 participants in Q1, 14% were women and 14 % youth (less than 30 years old), highlighting the persistently low involvement of women and young people in different organizations in Menabe. In Q2 Mikajy will analyze the findings to identify the capacity building needs of these structures, the development of training curricula (in collaboration with Hay Tao) and the organization of these trainings (to be implemented by Mikajy).

Key Result 5.2: Accountability of the judicial system and community-based structures strengthened No activity was undertaken during the quarter in Menabe.

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 50/97 5. CROSSCUTTING EFFORTS

5.1 Gender

During Q1, Mikajy continued to promote and monitor the participation of women across the different strategic approaches. Nonetheless, participation of women remained low (range 0 to 25%, median value 12%) highlighting the need for continued efforts to increase women’s participation. As part of the baseline capacity evaluation of CSOs, for both MaMaBay and Menabe, using OCAT, Mikajy deliberately prioritized women’s associations for the evaluation, and consequently for capacity enforcement actions in FY20. The OCAT assessment for Menabe achieved a women’s participation rate of 21% which was considerably better than the median value for other activities in Menabe. Mikajy will analyze the potential reasons for this in order to become more effective in encouraging female participation in Q2 and beyond.

5.2 Youth

As with gender, Mikajy continued to promote and monitor the participation of youth across the different strategic approaches. Participation of youth remained low (range 0 to 25%, median value 12%), highlighting the need for continued efforts to involve youth. For MaMaBay, the rate of youth participation was generally higher than in Menabe, with an average rate of 24% in the case of SA1 related activities. For the Menabe OCAT evaluations, Mikajy prioritized youth organization and achieved a youth participation rate of 20%. During Q1, Mikajy took active measures in Menabe to promote youth participation including: ● Grants – grantees RBG Kew and Voahary were required to integrate youth participation into restoration and agroforestry actions; and ● The participation of youth associations (e.g., Fo Sarotiny amin’ny Ala [FOSA] and Mahery) has been actively encouraged by Mikajy across all strategic areas in Menabe.

5.3 Technology

In November, USAID Mikajy finalized new Mobile alert script for MaMaBay and the scripts for Menabe were finalized with VIAMO. This system for alert will become active in January and fully operational during the season with high risks of offences. Mikajy is finalizing an updated SOW with Viamo which will include the launch of push campaigns via mobile from Q2 onwards, with the support of the newly hired communications specialist. Regional partners received training of trainers from Mikajy on SMART patrolling in both landscapes. For Menabe landscape, Fanamby, DREDD, DRAEP, Durrell, and WWF all benefited from this training and applied the technology and improvements at their sites of intervention.

5.4 Climate

During Q1, Mikajy activities continued to promote climate resilience, including climate resilient vanilla plantation methods promoted by the Rainforest Alliance standard (in MaMaBay) and conservation farming, reforestation, restoration, yam cultivation, mangrove restoration and fire prevention and

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 51/97 management (in Menabe). Specialist production systems, including seaweed farming (in MaMaBay) and insect farming (in Menabe) were also promoted in part because of their relative resilience to climate change. Mikajy’s restoration strategy for FY20, aiming for the reforestation of 1009 ha and improving the interconnectivity of 693,362 ha of forests, will also contribute to climate resilience. Sharing climate information provided by the DGM had an explicit climate resilience objective which will be strengthened in Q2 with the full operationalization of the Mikajy Mobile Platform (Allo Mikajy), due to be rolled out from Q2 onwards. The series of shared vision processes finally completed in Q1 for the FY19 priority zones, consistently emphasized the importance of climate adaptation to stakeholders in MaMaBay and Menabe. With regard to dissemination of climate and weather information products provided by the DGM, USAID Mikajy received (i) the climate outlook for the hot and humid season covering the period from October 2019 to April 2020, (ii) the quarterly seasonal forecast with a periodic update for each month as well as (iii) monthly agro-climate bulletins. As part of the conservation agriculture preparation activities in the Menabe, USAID Mikajy sought the cooperation of the DGM in providing the climate and weather information of the last 5 years for the Central Menabe. In addition, the agricultural activity schedules updated at the end of the climate forum organized by DGM and its partners were adapted by the Mikajy with DRAEP’s support to be more accessible to target communities. These efforts, and active dissemination via the mobile platform, will be continued in Q2.

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 52/97 6. COLLABORATION AND KNOWLEDGE SHARING

6.1 Collaboration with USAID Hay Tao

Coordination with Hay Tao continued to deepen and diversify during Q1, and included the following: At the national level: ● Regular coordination meetings (mainly between the DCOPs), working on joint work plans defining and clarifying joint activities and Hay Tao support to Mikajy activities; ● Collaboration with Hay Tao on the Cost Benefit Analysis and household baseline studies being conducted by USAID, and on the upcoming Pause & Reflect process for FY20; ● Joint participation in the USAID Geocenter training workshop on the use of geospatial data for the monitoring of USAID project activities and impacts; ● Joint meeting held with Hay Tao and Fanamby to agree TORs for the maize value chain diagnostic study (combining value chain investigation, Fanamby’s agroforestry project and implementation of product traceability systems within the Menabe Antimena protected landscape; ● USAID Mikajy provided feedback on USAID Hay Tao’s proposed standard for vanilla planting and processing; ● Natural capital valuation – Mikajy contributed to the Hay Tao workshop on Natural capital valuation which focused on valuation methodology and tools – this will be useful for Mikajy PHE approaches in the 2 landscapes; ● Strategy to reduce pressures on Menabe’s dry forests – Hay Tao issued a draft strategy document based on the Mikajy shared vision process which will be debated in the national dry forest dialog to be held in Q2; ● Menabe PAP – Mikajy collaborated with CRC-URI and PAP Guide consultants for the PAP Menabe workshop; and ● Coordination over MIHARI workshop on performance indicators for LMMAs. In MaMaBay: ● Mikajy contributed to Hay Tao/AVG’s training on environmental crime reporting techniques in Maroantsetra and Antalaha (a training of trainers for PA sector chiefs and Park Agents (AGP) of MNP and WCS working inside the Masoala and Makira Protected Areas). In Menabe: ● Mikajy supported Hay Tao in the preparation of the National dialog on Menabe Antimena (now to be held in Q2); Hay Tao shared and presented the PAP development guide to help/orient Menabe PAP development.

6.2 Collaboration with other USAID Activities

● Terra Firma – the Mikajy Chief of Party (COP) met with the Duke University consultant specialist in permaculture farming methods following his mission to Andapa/Marojejy region (close to MaMaBay) – providing useful insights into permaculture food production systems of potential application in MaMaBay; ● Household livelihoods survey: Mikajy provided inputs for the Conservation and Communities Project (CCP) Baseline Survey presentation, for which the final report is expected in Q2 (whereupon Mikajy will determine next steps in light of the results);

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 53/97 ● Cost Benefits Analysis (CBA): Mikajy participated and provided inputs for the CBA mission; ● Geocenter workshop: Mikajy hosted and participated at the training provided by USAID Geocenter; ● SALT: Mikajy reviewed the SALT call for small grant proposals in supporting work on seafood traceability (applications due by January 15, 2020). Mikajy plans to support the Federation of Fishermen of Antongil Bay and/or Menabe Professional Fishermen’s Association in submission of a proposal; ● USFS will support the development of mangrove restoration practicing two methods (via propagules or nurseries), and USAID Mikajy will implement mangrove restoration using the two methods in FY20; and ● Mahefa Miaraka: Mikajy and USAID Mahefa Miaraka are collaborating on PHE approaches in both landscapes.

6.3 Collaboration with Government and Other Donors

For MaMaBay, following the recommendation during the meeting at the Maroantsetra District level in Q2 FY19, a workshop setting up the Local Coordination Committee for Interventions in the Bay of Antongil (South West Indian Ocean Fisheries Project [SWIOFISH], PCD (KfW), USAID Mikajy, MNP, WCS, PCDDBA, Baie d’Antongil Fishermen’s Federation [FPBA]) took place. Once created, the committee will be tasked with: ● Ensuring effective interactions between different local entities; ● Coordinating and ensuring that activities planned for fishing community support projects in the Maroantsetra District are well underway; ● Facilitate discussions within the coordinating committee; ● Promote exchanges in search of solutions, especially if there are possible implementation problems; and ● Undertake field missions when needed.

6.4 Monitoring, Evaluation, and Learning

During Q1, the main activities of the MEL team included the following: Review of FY20 objectives for each indicator – an iterative negotiation was conducted with each SA specialist and the field technicians to establish a crosswalk of coded activities and indicators that could be achieved. This information was used to populate USAID’s Performance Indicators Monitoring System. Compliance with USAID TraiNet – All trainings planned and executed by USAID projects are now governed and reported in TraiNet. USAID Geocenter training – The USAID Mikajy MEL helped to organize a training in satellite image processing by remote sensing with USAID Geocenter in collaboration with Hay Tao for 30 GIS specialists from USAID partners, consisting of four stages: 1. Establish a script (coding) to obtain layers of high resolution images from the “Sentinel 2” system with a large choice of satellites which are already available in “Earth Engine” of google or with external data (raster, shapefile or other) to be introduced into the layers to work on “Earth Engine” and how to process them, save, export or make requests and/or SIG Online analysis 2. Work on the script for a mosaic of images in a defined time interval for a defined locality – Mikajy undertook an exercise to find out the options for the quality and number of images (177

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 54/97 images / year for Menabe at 2.5km2) or more detailed images for a lower frequency depending on the type of satellite chosen (ex: airbus). 3. Program a processing script to have cloudless images and to classify according to different analysis parameters. 4. Demonstration on the available image information and an manipulation and request exercise on the Geocenter site. This is very important to define the methodology to address the biophysical conditions measurements under indicator 6.1. The next step will be to match the classification with the REDD+ here in Madagascar. Baseline household survey – USAID Mikajy MEL supported the baseline household survey of USAID CCP in its preparation stages, in particular, the formulation of topic questionnaires and the training of CAETIC investigators as well as in the logistics of field missions with 1100 households including 500 at Menabe and 600 at MaMaBay. In MaMaBay, households tend to grow crops for export (vanilla 72%, cloves 46%, coffee 19%) while in Menabe it is food crops for local sale and subsistence (peanuts 23%, cassava 19%, rice 19%) (maize is not considered as a means of subsistence for communities (since they know it is illegal, and agricultural production in Menabe has been declining since last year (70% of households in Menabe and 40% of households in MaMaBay). The three main threats identified by households are linked to deforestation (1.3% of households in Menabe reported having cleared forest in the PA). CBA – The USAID Mikajy MEL also provided support to the Limestone Consulting team, engaged by USAID to Analyze the costs and benefits of Mikajy’s initiatives. Interventions focused on: Financial analysis of investments within the framework of Mikajy, namely: incoming and outgoing flows, in particular with the project to be compared without the project. ● A stakeholder analysis (which actors win, and which ones lose?) They will then have to make a meeting visit with the actors; ● An economic analysis of the different values (health, biodiversity, value chain, etc.) A risk analysis – according to variables and hypotheses, scenarios and spatio-temporal factors on natural disasters, price fluctuations, adoption rates, application of compliance and diseases; and ● An analysis of the cost effectiveness: comparison of investments and alternatives (value chains and other investments for the management of natural resources); what structures are most effective in preserving the ecosystem and improving the livelihoods of communities? (comparison of costs and comparison of non-cash benefits). Innovative financing options for conservation – USAID Mikajy participated in a workshop focused on ‘‘Identifying and fostering innovative financing options for conservation’’ to create synergy with national initiatives on natural capital economic valuation for helping decision-making based on information on the stocks of this capital, and to test innovative conservation financing activities adapted to the Menabe and MaMaBay landscapes using of scenario modelling tools such as WAVES1, CECN2, InVEST3 or other models, and provide technical assistance and mentoring services in their use for key stakeholders (government agencies, protected area managers, civil society organizations and the private

1 Wealth Accounting and the Valuation of Ecosystem Services 2 Comptabilité Ecosystémique du Capital Naturel

3 Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services Tradeoffs

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 55/97 sector). This will support communication focused on natural capital accounts, highlighting the implicit and explicit social benefits of ecosystem services and focusing on the direct impacts of livelihoods. Mikajy mobile platform – Mikajy MEL collaborated with the Viamo team on information needs for indicator 5.3: “Number of annual hotline calls reporting on offenses or issues related to conservation or land use” and reviewing the design of the script for the current alert system to respond to the information required by the Performance Indicator Reference Sheet (PIRS). Compliance with USAID DQA – finally, during Q1, Mikajy MEIL worked to improve compliance of its MEL system with USAID DQA standards, particularly through training of staff and partners on the following topics: ● The use of reference and data collection tools (PIRS, Excel sheets, ONA/Enketo); ● Data compliance (data types, data source, evidence documents); ● Data reporting system (Data flow chart, validation circuits); and ● Work organization (Activities, responsibilities and periodicity). From this training, all the indicators data collection tools and instructions were improved and 10 indicators will be collected through ONA/Enketo starting from Q2.

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 56/97 7. ADMINISTRATION

7.1 Program Management and Administration

Staff Recruitments in Q1 included: ● Two staff in Antananarivo: Senior Grants Manager (recruited on November 4, 2019); and ● One staff in Maroantsetra: Regional Office Assistant (recruited on November 15, 2019 to replace the resigning Regional Office Assistant. Consultants: ● Environmental Monitoring and Mitigation Plan (EMMP) Consultant recruited on October 28. 2019 for 17 days; and ● Blanket Purchase Agreement for Translator services signed on December 12, 2019 for one year. Procurement: ● Two laptops for NCBA staff (one in Morondava, one in Maroantsetra), delivery effective on November 28, 2019; ● Eight rippers for NCBA Morondava, delivery effective on December 2, 2019; ● Fertilizer and seeds for NCBA Morondava, delivery effective on November 12, 2019; ● Two computer monitors and two external hard drives for the two ARMEL in Morondava and Maroantsetra, delivery effective on December 20, 2019; ● Two laptops for the Communications Specialist and MSIS technician in Antalaha, delivery effective on December 30, 2019; ● Twelve smartphones, 24 GPS, 24 solar power banks for MNP MaMaBay: delivery anticipated on the end of February 2020; and ● Two desktop computers and 16 power banks for NCBA staff: process ongoing.

7.2 List of Staff and Consultants International Travel

This section includes all international staff and consultant travel during this quarter (Table 19). Table 19: List of Staff and Consultants travelling during Q1 of FY20 Traveler Name Purpose of the Trip Origin – Dates of Travel Destination USAID Mikajy Staff Andrew Cooke, Annual leave United Kingdom December 20– COP January 5 Consultants Mike Mailloux, Expert mission (conservation USA November 10–17 NCBA farming)

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 57/97 7.3 Key Communication Activities

Recruitment of Mikajy communication and social behavior change communication (SBCC) specialist – The principal communication related activity for Q1 was the recruitment of a communication and SBCC specialist, who will start work on January 7, 2020. The individual recruited formerly served as communication officer for the Madagascar program of Water Aid and has extensive experience of environment and development related communication work. Communication products planned for Q2: ● Awareness raising leaflets relating to fire prevention and management (Menabe); ● Web-based post about the Rainforest Alliance certification of vanilla in Menabe; ● Information leaflets on legal texts and management framework for PAs and GDRN (both landscapes); ● Information leaflets on climate information for the two regions and two main ecosystems (both marine and terrestrial landscapes); ● Information leaflets on joint patrols with OPJs, Park Sector Heads, COBAs and other authorities as designated; ● Information leaflets on SMART and participatory ecological monitoring (PEM) and for park officers and COBA patrollers; and ● Awareness raising leaflets relating to climate smart agriculture in Menabe. Key national and international events and proposed USAID Mikajy participation are presented in Table 20. Table 20: Events Planned for the Next Quarter Event Title Event Type Date Official USAID involvement proposed (Yes or No) Yes – Mikajy financial contribution and National Reforestation National January 19 participation in activities in both regions and Day at national level February Yes – participation in activities in Menabe World Wetlands Day International 02 (Ambondrobe) World Wildlife Day International March 03 Yes – Participation in both World Water Day International March 22 Yes – Mikajy participation World Meteorological International March 23 Yes – Mikajy participation in both regions Day

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 58/97 8. ANNEXES

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 59/97 Annex I. Q1 Indicator Performance Tracking Table

This table reports on USAID Mikajy quarterly indicators only; annual indicators will be reported on in the FY20 Annual Report FY 2023 FY19 FY20 FY20 FY 2020 Indicator Frequency Target Notes actual Q1 Actual Target (LOA) 1.1: Number of people that apply improved Indicator 1.1 was replaced with conservation law enforcement practices as a standard indicator EG.10.2-6 as Annual N/A 500 1,500 result of USG assistance part of the revised and approved (EG.10.2-6) AMELP. 1.2: Number of local people participating in planning, management, enforcement for Quarterly 5,986 2,184 8,170 20,000 55,000 improved NRM 1.3: Number of people using climate information or implementing risk-reducing actions to improve resilience to climate Quarterly 1,402 1,177 2,579 25,000 60,000 change as supported by USG assistance (EG.11-6) 1.4: Number of information products shared Quarterly 8 0 8 15 48 and disseminated through Mikajy activities 2.1: Value (USD) invested in conservation- $261,7 $300,00 $1,500,0 Annual friendly enterprises by private sector 85 0 00 2.2: Number of MSMEs, including farmers, engaged with a private partner through USG Annual 5 500 2,500 assistance 2.3: Value of annual sales of farms and firms $895,2 $300,00 $4,200,0 Annual receiving USG assistance (EG.3.2-26) 66 0 00

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 60/97 2.4: Number of individuals in the agriculture system who have applied improved Annual 0 2,500 9,000 management practices or technologies with USG assistance (EG.3.2-24) 4.1: Percent of actors that are part of shared vision who have action plans aligned with the Annual 31% 15% 75% NRM and land tenure shared vision 4.2: Number of sustainable financing Annual 0 0 3 mechanisms developed for conservation 4.3: Number of people with secure tenure rights to land, with legally recognized documentation, and who perceive their rights Annual 0 7,500 40,000 as secure, as a result of USG assistance (EG 10.4-6) 5.1: Number of forums/events completed with civil society engagement in policy and Quarterly 7 2 9 15 48 tenure rights discussions 5.2: Percent of observed and verbalized offenses that are the subject of a judiciary Annual 5% 35% 95% prosecution 5.3 Number of annual hotline calls reporting on infractions or issues related to Annual 3 100 1,200 conservation or land use 6.1: Number of ha of biologically significant areas showing improved biophysical Annual 61 375,445 624,658 conditions as a result of USG assistance (EG.10.2-1) 6.2: Number of ha of biologically significant 261,38 1,338,33 areas under improved NRM as a result of Annual 750,890 6 1 USG assistance (EG 10.2-2)

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 61/97 6.3: Percent of near shore area under Annual 0 10% 70% sustainable management 6.4: Number of people with improved economic benefits derived from sustainable natural resource management and/or Annual 0 1,000 5,000 biodiversity conservation as a result of USG assistance (EG 10.2-3) 6.5: Number of innovations supported through USG assistance with demonstrated Annual 1 1 3 uptake by the public and/or private sector (STIR-11) 6.6: Percent improvement in capacity of USAID Mikajy supported CBOs and local Annual 24% 30% 80% government, disaggregated by NRM, LUP, or MSP 6.7: Number of people trained in sustainable NRM and/or biodiversity conservation ( Quarterly 2408 99 2,507 1,900 3,850 EG.10.2-4) 6.8: Establishment and use of Viamo’s 3-2-1 Annual 0 1 1 system for information exchange and training

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 62/97

Annex II. Success Stories

USAID MIKAJY CONSERVATION & COMMUNITIES PROJECT MADAGASCAR

SUCCESS STORY Conservation farming: a sustainable solution for environmental conservation and community development In western Madagascar, maize and groundnut farming is booming. The two crops are key economic

drivers in the Menabe region and demand is increasing at both national and international levels. As a Consultant Consultant result of these demands, the Menabe Antimena Protected Area is coming under increasing pressure Mailloux Mike Photos: from land conversion for farming. Unsustainable farming practices and land clearing fires are driving the destruction of the unique Menabe Antimena landscape, home to some of the last remaining dry forests

of Madagascar, and directly threaten the biodiversity of the region.

USAID Mikajy is partnering with local communities and the National Cooperative Business Association (NCBA CLUSA) to promote conservation farming as a more lucrative and less environmentally damaging alternative for communities. Conservation farming is based on a set of environmentally friendly

techniques and practices that help farmers to increase crop yields and improve soil condition over the – long term to limit the need to regularly clear new fields. Mikaj USAID Pilot activities targeted the villages facing the highest rates of forest clearing including Marofandilia, Kirindy and Lambokely. Farmers in the target communities had reported decreasing soil fertility and water retention, among other problems. Conservation farming directly addresses these concerns. Eight farmers from these initial sites agreed to act as model farmers for piloting the new practices. They y received training in conservation farming using small farm equipment. Mere weeks after the initial training, these model farmers are already receiving requests for advice from neighbors and other members of their communities. Other Menabe Antimena farmers are now asking for USAID Mikajy's support to extend the conservation farming pilots to their communities. USAID Mikajy is working closely with government authorities including the Regional Directorate for Environment and Sustainable Development (DREDD), the Regional Directorate for Agriculture (DRAEP), and local authorities as well as the delegated

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 63/97

management authorities for the protected areas, to strengthen and expand the uptake of conservation farming as a sustainable solution for communities across the Menabe Region.

CONTACT

Tiana Razafimahatatra Andrew Cooke COR Mikajy Chief of Party, MIKAJY Activity Sustainable Environment & Economic Tsiadana, Antananarivo, Madagascar Development Office +261 (0) 34 85 267 71 USAID, Antananarivo, Madagascar [email protected] +261 (0) 34 07 428 26 [email protected]

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 64/97

USAID MIKAJY CONSERVATION & COMMUNITIES PROJECT MADAGASCAR

SUCCESS STORY Building the capacity of COBAs to better manage protected areas through the SMART tool Vivien Randrianasolo is a member of the VAMAMA Communauté de Base (COBA), a community forest association in the Andapa district of northern Madagascar. His COBA is committed to sustainably managing and protecting the natural resources of their community and conducts regular patrols to prevent incursions or misconduct. The monitoring efforts by COBAs are important to deter and detect unlawful actions, as well as to support the arrest and prosecution of offenders. Despite their commitment to protecting natural resources, Vivien and his community face challenges enforcing the community based natural resource management (CBNRM) plan and preventing destructive activities. When on patrol, Vivien and other COBA members rely on hand-written paper patrol sheets. These paper patrol sheets are considered insufficient records and carry limited weight during legal proceedings. Offenders therefore often go unpunished despite the best efforts of the COBAs to fight against the pressures and threats to the natural resources they manage. Without the resources to create copies, the patrol sheets are no longer available to the COBAs once submitted to the authorities

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 65/97

or park officers. This lack of records is preventing Vivien and his COBA from analyzing observed offences and understanding the broader threats facing their resources. USAID Mikajy intervened to fill this gap by improving COBA patrol systems and techniques, specifically through training on the Spatial Monitoring and Reporting Tool (SMART), an open-source mobile device application that makes it possible to collect, transfer, store, archive, and share data collected on patrols in near real time. Vivien participated in USAID Mikajy’s SMART training. Although he had never used a smartphone before, he excelled during the practical exercises portion of the training. Barely 15 minutes in Vivien demonstrated competency using the SMART CyberTracker tool and GPS functions. Soon Vivien was helping his fellow training participants to master the same techniques. With the new SMART tool at his disposal, Vivien was eager to apply his new skills in the field: “It would be really convenient to be able to use this smartphone in the field! It will facilitate our task and moreover, we will be able to take photos to strengthen our relationships with the head of the sector and the forest cantonment or the Judicial Police Officers.” Improved patrolling skills and technology such as SMART can make a big difference in the day-to-day efforts of COBA members like Vivien to prevent the destruction of CBNRM areas. USAID Mikajy Vivien prepares to use the SMART tool to monitor incursions into CBNRM areas. is committed to continuing to support and empower initiatives by local communities to sustainably manage their natural resources.

CONTACT Tiana Razafimahatatra Andrew Cooke COR Mikajy Chief of Party, MIKAJY Activity Sustainable Environment & Economic Tsiadana, Antananarivo, Madagascar Development Office +261 (0) 34 85 267 71 USAID, Antananarivo, Madagascar [email protected] +261 (0) 34 07 428 26 [email protected]

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 66/97

Annex III. Activity Tables

Table III-1: Planned Activities for MaMaBay (Q2) Proposed Activities for FY20 Q2 (MaMaBay) Proposed Activities for FY20 Q2 (MaMaBay) SA 1: Nature – Improve Protected Area and Natural Resource Management 1.1. Target actors have improved capacity for NRM and PA management and for support to conservation 1.1.1 Support self-evaluation of Protected Areas using the Management Effectiveness Tracking Tool (METT) 1.1.1.1. Evaluation workshop METT PN Masoala and Makira NP 1.1.2. Support update of the Protected Areas Management and Business Plans for Makira, Masoala 1.1.2.1. Develop and validate the PAG and Business Plan of Masoala and Makira NPs 1.1.3 Support evaluation and update of management transfer contracts around Masoala 1.1.3.1 Preparation meeting with DREDD Fénérive Est, DREDD SAVA VOI PN Masoala 1.1.3.2. Evaluation 05 VOI PN Masoala district Maroantsetra 1.1.3.3. Évaluation 05 VOI PN Masoala district Antalaha 1.1.5 Support establishment of patrol committees in areas not covered by management transfer contracts (Makira) 1.1.5.1. Training of trainers for patrol committees outside TGRN areas 1.1.5.2. Establishment and training of patrol committees outside TGRN areas 1.1.6 Hold trainings in SMART and participatory ecological monitoring (PEM) and for park officers and COBA patrollers 1.1.6.3. Hold SMART training in Mananara/Nord for LMMA 1.1.6.4. Hold SEP training for trainers in Andapa (AGP WCS, AGP MNP) 1.1.6.5. Hold SEP training for COBA PN Masoala for Antalaha district 1.1.6.6. Hold SEP training for COBA PN Makira for Andapa district 1.1.6.7. Hold SEP training for trainers in Maroantsetra (AGP WCS, AGP MNP) 1.1.6.8. Hold SEP training for COBA PN Makira for Maroantsetra district 1.1.6.9. Hold SEP training for COBA PN Masoala for Maroantsetra district 1.1.7. Conduct training and retraining of COBA & COGE around Masoala and Makira on CBNRM and management transfer plans

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 67/97

1.1.7.3. COBA PN Masoala training in Ambohitralanana 1.1.7.4. COBA PN Masoala training in Ampanavoana 1.1.7.5. COBA PN Masoala training in Vinanivao 1.1.7.8. Recycling COBA PNAT Makira sector V 1.1.7.9. Recycling COBA PNAT Makira sector VI 1.1.10 Training on management of sustainable fisheries for LMMAs in Bay of Antongil 1.1.10.1. Training on management of sustainable fisheries for LMMAs in Bay of Antongil 1.2. Improved coordination and engagement among/by target actors 1.2.2. Support establishment of improved, sustainable ecological monitoring systems for co- management of PAs in Makira, Masoala, and their linkage to landscape monitoring 1.2.2.1. Support ecological monitoring activities in Makira 1.2.4. Support active and passive restoration activities in degraded habitats to ensure landscape connectivity 1.2.4.1. Support active restoration activities in degraded habitats to ensure landscape connectivity (Makira: 100 Ha) 1.2.4.2. Support active restoration activities in degraded habitats to ensure landscape connectivity (Masoala: 400 Ha) 1.2.5. Support implementation, technical improvement and reinforcement of community patrols and improved capacity of patrolling entities 1.2.5.1. Support implementation of participative patrols in Makira 1.2.5.4. Support implementation of community patrols in LMMAs 1.2.5.5. Support implementation of community patrols around Makira 1.2.5.7. Purchase equipment for SMART patrols 1.2.5.8. Purchase other equipment for patrols 1.2.6. Support joint patrols with OPJs (Judicial Police Officers), park area managers, COBAs and other designated authorities. 1.2.6.1 Quarterly joint patrols with OPJ Sofia 1.2.6.2 Quarterly joint patrols with OPJ SAVA 1.2.6.3 Quarterly joint patrols with OPJ Analanjirofo 1.2.6.4 Joint Marine Patrol Baie d’Antongil 1.2.8. Support the implementation of management of sustainable fisheries for LMMAs in Bay of Antongil

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 68/97

1.2.8.1 Renewal of APGL information panels SA 2: Support Community-Based, Conservation-Friendly Enterprises and Livelihoods (Wealth) 2.1. Conservation-Friendly Private Sector Investment Increased in target Areas 2.1.1. Promote Sustainable Vanilla and Clove Value Chains in MaMaBay 2.1.1.1. Establish the RA and/or Organic Fair Trade certification for the 3 newly created vanilla cooperatives and develop the certification system at the level of 4 new cooperatives 2.1.1.2 Create 3 new clove cooperatives in Makira North, Makira South and Masoala in partnership with the private sectors (Madagascar Consulting, Magasin Esperance...) 2.1.2. Promote Sustainable Crab and Seaweed Value Chains 2.1.2.1 Facilitate the promotion of community algoculture in MaMaBay in partnership with Ocean Farmer and WCS. 2.1.2.2 Support the creation of LMMAs and sustainable patrolling activities at village algoculture promotion sites 2.2. Communities Have Skills, Resources and Certification to Participate in Sustainable Value Chains 2.2.1. Identify Traceability and Certification Options in MaMaBay 2.2.1.1. Provide analysis and recommendations on traceability and certification options for the Vanilla, Clove and Seaweed Value Chains for MaMaBay 2.2.2. Raise Awareness and Provide Training on Climate-Smart Agriculture 2.2.2.1. Promote the agroforestry system on clove and vanilla crops 2.2.2.2. Promote cocoa cultivation in a dynamic agroforestry system 2.2.2.3. Develop training tools for conservation agriculture on hotline 2.2.3. Provide Training to Vanilla Cooperatives in Leadership, Certification, Commercial Operations, and Cooperative Management in MaMaBay 2.2.3.1. Training and support for cooperatives on compliance with identified certification and traceability standards. 2.2.3.2. Training and mentoring of cooperatives on the foundation and management of cooperatives 2.2.3.3. Organization and supervision of POs and cooperatives during the group collection and sale campaign 2.2.4. Provide Technical Guidance to Cooperative Village Savings and Loans Associations (VSLAs) to Manage Revenues and Reduce Reliance on/Extraction of Natural Resources during Lean Periods 2.2.4.1. Support the creation of VSLAs in cooperatives and producer associations. 2.2.4.2. Provide systematic VSLA training to cooperatives 2.2.4.3. Monitor the functioning of VSLAs and their effectiveness in reducing pressure on natural resources.

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 69/97

2.2.4.4 Connecting VSLAs with financial institutions 2.2.4.5. Develop sensitization tools on VSLA with VIAMO 2.3. Improved Income for Target Communities 2.3.1. Establish Four New Conservation-Friendly Conservation Cooperatives in Menabe and Five New Cooperatives in MaMaBay 2.3.1.1. Support the process of formalizing the new cooperatives identified 2.3.2. Promote Entrepreneurial Conservation-Friendly Enterprises within COBAs 2.3.2.1. Identify COBAs with conservation-friendly business development potential 2.3.2.2. Support NGOs or private sectors willing to work with COBAs for conservation companies 2.3.3. Support Community-Based Ecotourism Initiatives in MaMaBay 2.3.3.1. Grant for the two ecotourism projects in MaMaBay (Farakaraina, Arol) 2.3.3.2. Explore opportunities with private sector tourism investors such as hotel groups 2.3.3.3. Work with operator networks to strengthen their contribution to landscape-level conservation and monitoring 2.3.4. Identify and Support Alternative Sources of Income and Food to Reduce Exploitation of Non- Renewable Forest Resources 2.3.4.1. Grant from conservation companies that provide income and food to communities 2.3.4.2. Identify models that can be tested at the community level to assess their scale-up and replication potential 2.3.4.3. Support communities in income-generating or subsistence activities such as fish farming, small livestock, market gardening 2.5. Sustainable Finance Mechanisms Established for NRM 2.5.2. Implement Sustainable Finance Initiatives in Targeted Communities in CBNRM Zones, near Protected Areas, and within LMMAs for Natural Resource Management 2.5.2.1. Organize exchange visits between LMMAs on the theme of sustainable financing of patrols and surveillance 2.5.2.2. Establish a patrol funding mechanism with vanilla cooperatives 2.5.3. Develop a Project for Payment for Ecosystem Services from Mangroves in Menabe Belo sur Mer Linking to Priority Value Chains (not applicable to MaMaBay) 2.5.3.1. Facilitate coordination between actors and stakeholders – n/a 2.5.3.2. Establish an appropriate management system for the project – n/a 2.5.4. Facilitate the Implication of the Community in the REDD+ Mechanism 2.5.4.1. Establish a support plan for 20 COBAs to benefit from REDD+ financing from Masoala NP

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 70/97

2.5.4.2. Recruitment of a consultant to support COBA 2.5.4.2. Recruitment of a consultant to support COBA SA 3: Synergize with Other Development Programs (Resilience) 3.1 Stakeholders Adopt an Integrated Approach to Conservation 3.1.1. Update the list of partners and develop the engagement plans 3.1.1.1 Establish a strategy for mobilizing partners (Organization of a workshop for Analanjirofo Region and a SAVA Region workshop and carry out missions for potential partners) 3.1.1.2 Update the list of partners and develop engagement plans 3.1.2. Reinforce the synergy between Mikajy and health programs at the landscape level 3.1.2.1 Develop a strategy for access by members of the union of cooperatives (AVAMA) to the service of mutual health insurance (support for the creation of mutual health structures and the drafting of statutes and regulations 3.1.2.2 Facilitate COBA and LMMA access to community health services (Maroantsetra District) 3.1.2.3 Establish a strategy for scaling up PHE integration at the landscape level (Consultation workshop with relevant stakeholders in the Maroantsetra District) 3.1.3. Facilitate access to information studies on climate change 3.1.3.1 Work with BNCCC, Hay Tao to disseminate knowledge about the CC to local stakeholders (WCS, MNP, Private Sector, Cooperatives, COBA, Fishermen’s Federation) 3.1.3.2 Collaborate with DGM, APMF, Radio Akon’i Maroa, municipalities and fokontany to facilitate community access to weather and climate information products 3.1.4. Facilitate revitalizing the catastrophe management committees with the appropriate partners 3.1.4.2 Facilitate the development of local contiguity plans (Antakotako, Voloina, Antsirabe Sahatany, Maroantsetra, Manambolo, Androndrona) 3.1.5. To facilitate community access to Food Security packages 3.1.5.1 Inventory of Programs working on food and nutrition security at the landscape level SA 4: Operationalize Decentralized Natural Resource Management in Target Land and Seascapes (ACTION) 4.1. Land and seascape strategies to strengthen land and resource tenure developed based on shared vision 4.1.1. Conduct an analysis of the Shared Vision results from FY19 and existing land use planning documents 4.1.1.1- Analyze the results of the FY 2019 Shared Vision Process 4.1.1.2- Inventory and analyze spatial planning and land use documents existing at the RC (SAC) and Regional (SRAT) levels

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 71/97

4.1.1.3- Organize a workshop in Maroantsetra to present and validate the results and to share 2 information products to be disseminated 4.1.2. Develop Strategies for Enhancing the Role of Target Communities in Land and Resource Tenure Rights and the Protection of Natural Resources 4.1.2.1. Co-Management within Protected Area Plans: Organize 1 workshop for Andapa, Antalaha and Maroantsetra to update the co-management sections in the GAPs, share the results of the analyses and gather feedback from stakeholders. 4.1.2.2. Communal, Territorial, and Regional Land Use Plans 4.1.2.3- Integration of land tenure issues into contracts for Seven Management Transfer Zones (MaMaBay) 4.1.2.4- Update the Community dinas 4.1.2.5- Train actors and stakeholders on the sustainable management of natural resources and biodiversity conservation. 4.1.2.7- Support local actors to implement the priority actions contained in the action plans aligned with the shared vision developed in FY 2019 4.2. Implement land and seascape plans for strengthened land and resource tenure 4.2.1. Reinforce statutory land and resource tenure 4.2.1.2- Organize community meetings to gather information to resolve different land conflicts, particularly concerning the limit 4.2.2. Support the integration of land and marine tenure security through the dinas in MaMaBay 4.2.2.1- Conduct public consultations to determine the rules and regulations relating to natural resources and land rights to be incorporated into specifically identified dina 4.2.2.2- Analyze issues of use and tenure of marine resources based on the work carried out by WCS in 20 communes around Antongil Bay 4.2.2.3- Support the updating and certification of dinas at the Tribunal level SA 5: Strengthen Capacity of CSOs, Private Sector, and Government to Improve Community-Based Natural Resource Management (Power) 5.1 Key Actors in Community-Based Land Tenure and NRM Strengthened and Empowered to Advocate and Enforce Environmental Laws 5.1.2. Analyze Household-level Survey Results to Identify Barriers and Opportunities Regarding Behavior Change 5.1.2.1. Conduct a CAP survey at community level in the districts of Maroantsetra, Antalaha and Andapa 5.1.2.2. Organize a workshop to develop a communication and capacity building strategy taking into account the results of the CAP survey in Antalaha

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 72/97

5.1.3. Conduct an Awareness-Raising Campaign of Rights and Responsibilities to Increase the Use of Land Use and Natural Resource Regulations (and SBCC) 5.1.3.3. Participation in the World Environment Day (WED), Forest Day (FDD), Mangrove, Varika 5.1.4. Train organizations on land and resource rights, advocacy, coalition building and securing land rights/resource tenure 5.1.4.2. Ensure capacity building of Maroantsetra organizations 5.1.4.3. Ensure capacity building of Andapa and Antalaha organizations 5.2 Accountability of the Judicial System and Community-Based Structures Strengthened 5.2.2. Train COBAs, PA Agents, and LMMA Managers on Techniques for Reporting Environmental Offenses 5.2.2.2. Train Cobas including LMMAs and MaMaBay park officers: 02 Antalaha, 01 Andapa, 01 Mahalevona, 01 Ambinanitelo, 01 Rantabe, 01 Mananara (LMMA) 5.2.4. Establish a Communication System/Network between CSOs, COBAs, PA Managers, and GOM Departments on Wildlife Law Enforcement 5.2.4.1. Establishment of the communication and information sharing system/network between the actors at the Communal level: Mahalevona, Anjahana, Ambanizana, Ambinanitelo, Voloina, Rantabe, Morafeno, Anandrivola (Maroantsertra), Ambihitralanana, Ampanavoana, Vinanivao (Antalaha), Ambalavelona, Ambidimanga, Anoviara, Antsahamena, Tanandava (Andapa) 5.2.4.4. Establishment of the communication and information sharing system/network between actors at the Maroantsetra District level 5.2.4.8. Production of communication materials (brochures)

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 73/97

Table III-2: Planned Activities for Menabe (Q2) Proposed Activities for FY19 Q4 (based on USAID Mikajy Indicators Road Map of June 2019) SA 1: Nature – Improve Protected Area and Natural Resource Management 1.1. Target actors have improved capacity for NRM and PA management and for support to conservation 1.1.1. Support self-evaluation by PA managers (METT) APMA, Ambondrobe, KRM 1.1.1.1. Organize and prepare the METT Workshop with DREDD and MEDD and PA Manager 1.1.1.2. Facilitate assessment of PA management effectiveness Menabe Antimena, Kirindy Mitea, Allée de baobab, Ambondrombe 1.1.2. Support update of the Protected Areas Management Plan Menabe Antimena and Ambondrobe 1.1.2.1. Inform PA managers and actors on the process of updating PAG: Process information workshop in Morondava with managers and DREDD with Hay Tao. 1.1.2.1. Inform PA managers and stakeholders about the PAG update process Process information workshop in Morondava with managers and DREDD with Hay tao 1.1.2.2. Update process of the Protected Areas Management Plan for Menabe Antimena integrating the planning requirement according to the land use, climate resilience. In collaboration with Hay Tao / SIF for the analysis of the land situation 1.1.2.3. Update the Ambondrombe PAG 1.1.2.3. Update the Baobab Aisle PAG 1.1.5. Set up patrol committees in areas not covered by the APMA management transfers Ambondrombe, Belo sur Mer 1.1.5.1 Identify new patrol committees Menabe Antimena (3), Ambondrombe (2), Belo sur Mer (3) 1.1.5.2 Supervise the Durrell patrol Committees (6 ala maiky sites) 1.1.6. Support the development of the Menabe PAP and the creation of the new community-based marine resource management structures (LMMA) Belo sur Mer 1.1.6.1. Support regional partners in the development of the Menabe PAP 1.1.6.2. Support the creation of LMMA in Belo sur Mer (4) 1.1.7 Hold SMART and SEP training for park officers and COBA patrol officers Belo sur Tsiribihina, Ambondrobe, Belo sur Mer. Ambondrombe Patrol Agents: Training by Durrell 1.1.7.2. SMART training of PGAs and VOI Menabe Sud 1.1.7.3. Hold a SMART training of TG Patrol Agents by sectors Belo sur Mer (84 BV BSM)

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 74/97

1.1.7.3. Hold a training of TG Patrol Agents by sectors in SMART +, Menabe MORONDAVA (96 APMA) Morondava (96 AP Menabe Antimena and Allée de Baobab) - By FANAMBY 1.1.8. Conduct training and retraining of COBAs and COGEs around Menabe Antimena and Ambondrobe on the transfer of natural resource management 1.1.8.1. Conduct Training and Recycling of COBAs APMA, AMBDR, KRM on NRM: COBA liability, COBA right of use 1.1.8.2 Train COBAs on the technique of restoration of dry forests (APMA) and mangroves (Belo sur Mer): establishment of nurseries and production of seedlings and restoration (Identification of land for the establishment of nurseries, Identification of potential nurserymen, training of nurserymen on the techniques for the establishment and maintenance of nurseries) 1.1.10. Support the training of LMMAs on sustainable fisheries management Belo sur Mer 1.2 Improved coordination implementation among/by target actors 1.2.1. Conduct coordination meeting about natural resource management with Menabe actors 1.2.1.1. Participate in the different platform coordination meetings or between actors of Menabe (north, central south), 1.2.2. Support ecological monitoring activities - scientific and participatory - of the conservation targets Menabe Antimena and Ambondrobe 1.2.4.2. Support the restoration of degraded areas in Menabe Antimena 1.2.4.3. Support the restoration of degraded areas in Ambondrobe (GRANT) and Belo sur Mer 1.2.5. Support the implementation of community land and marine control and patrol activities Menabe Landscape 1.2.6. Support the implementation of joint control and patrol activities with OPJs in areas sensitive to infringements 1.2.6.1. Conduct joint patrol tours of sensitive areas 1.2.7. Support the implementation of fire-fighting activities 1.2.7.1. Conduct firefighting awareness sessions 1.2.7.2. Develop and validate the fire-fighting strategies 1.2.7.3. Support the implementation of active control 1.3. Information for decision - and innovation - making is available and better used for NRM 1.4. Improved local and institutional capacity to enforce laws relating to conservation and NRM 1.5 Conditions in place for NRM to be successful SA2. Wealth: Support Conservation-Friendly Enterprises and Livelihoods 2.1. Communities have access to conservation friendly markets

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 75/97

2.1.1. Promote sustainable crab and seaweed value chains with COPEFRITO and Ocean Farmers (responsible production label on seaweed) 2.1.1.2. Support communities in the production process of sustainable marine value chains meeting specific market and NRM standards 2.1.1.2.2. Train on sustainable seaweed farming techniques 2.1.1.2.4 Support the communities in the implementation of new technology for the exploitation of sustainable fishery resources 2.1.1.2. Support the communities in the production process of sustainable maize and groundnuts meeting specific market and NRM standards 2.1.1.2.3 Accompany the communities in the implementation of the new technology on sustainable maize and groundnut production 2.1.3. Promote alternative value chains (market gardening, small-scale farming) with APMA hoteliers 2.1.3.1 Identify targets for alternative value chains (women and youth groups) in the APMA zone 2.1.3.2. Train the communities in market gardening and poultry farming 2.1.3.3. Support POs in CUMA practice and chicken farming 2.1.4. Promote alternative value chains (processing of fisheries products) for fishing communities 2.1.4.2. Train on the technique of processing and storage of fishery products 2.2 Communities have skills, resources and certifications to participate in sustainable value chains 2.2.2 Identify and support traceability options for sustainable maize and peanut around APMA 2.2.2.1 Design tools for traceability of existing transactions for all stakeholders 2.2.2.2 Identify and selection of facilitators to accompany POs/Producers 2.2.1.2.1. Mobilize the community leaders to mobilize their peers 2.2.1.2.2. Recruit facilitators 2.2.2.3. Plan and implement an organizational support program for POs 2.2.2.3.1. Organize of a monthly coordination meeting 2.2.2.3.2. Accompaniment of POs by facilitators and Field Officers 2.2.2.4. Train facilitators on simplified business management tools and business operations 2.2.2.5. Train and support producers in the application of traceability tools 2.2.2.6 Inform and convince TFPs and the private sectors on the use of traceability tools 2.2.5. Accompanying the implementation and monitoring the use of savings 2.2.5.2. Select volunteers to accompany WITH groups 2.2.5.3 Create Training target producers on the WITH mechanism

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 76/97

2.2.5.3 Follow-up and accompaniment of WITH groups 2.4.3. Deliver management trainings to cooperative leaderships/ Offer training about management to the leaders of cooperatives 2.4.3.1 Train the producers in contract management 2.4.3.2 Train the field officers and community leaders on the principles of good governance and financial management of cooperatives 2.5. Communities and private sector adopt and implement conservation friendly practices 2.5.1. Develop a positive reward program to promote conservation practices 2.5.1.1 Launch a learning program on good practices aligned with conservation 2.5.1.2 Call for a competition for the best CF producer (Launch a motivational program on best behavior, CF) SA4. Action: Operationalize decentralized Natural Resource Management in Target Land and Seascapes 4.1 Shared Vision for CBNRM governance and land and resource tenure 4.1.1. Facilitate implementation of priority actions in shared vision in respect to land tenure and resource governance for 8 communes in MaMaBay and 7 communes for Menabe. 4.1.1.1 Finalize action plans aligned to the shared vision for each commune 4.1.1.2 Determine the priority actions in each municipal action plan 4.1.1.3 Facilitate the implementation of priority planning developed by the communes and communities 4.1.1.4 Follow up the implementation of activities 4.1.1.5 Update the municipal plans 4.1.3. Support the integration of land security via the dina within 7 management transfer contracts in MaMaBay and analyze results of land survey with Hay Tao/SIF in Menabe [in collaboration with Hay Tao]. 4.1.3.1 Contact Hay Tao for parcels inventory results 4.1.3.2 Hold a coordination meeting with Hay Tao to determine the objective of the activity 4.1.3.3 Joint analysis of Hay Tao’s plot census results 4.1.4.1 Agree on a workshop with SIF, Fanamby, DREDDs and CSOs to update the MAP 4.1.4.2 Agree a meeting with communities to support the implementation of the intermunicipal landscape plan 4.1.4.3 Community Awareness of the PAG and Landscape Plan 4.2. Sustainable Finance Mechanisms Established for NRM

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 77/97

4.2.1. Support sustainable finance initiatives in targeted communities in CBNRM zones and near Protect Areas (potentially supported by grants, communal taxes, and community contributions) 4.2.1.1 Consult local stakeholders to identify the sustainable financing mechanism 4.2.1.2 Organize a validation workshop of the identified sustainable financing mechanism with local stakeholders 4.2.1.3 Carry out joint periodic monitoring of the operationalization of the adopted sustainable financing mechanism 4.2.2. Confirm and implement sustainable finance opportunities previously identified by other actors (notably MRPA UNDP GEF project) 4.2.2.1 Realize inventory of funding mechanisms identified by partners 4.2.2.2 Organize a meeting with the partners who initiated the sustainable financing mechanisms 4.2.2.3 Establish a collaborative relationship with the different partners for the implementation of sustainable financing 4.2.2.4 Agree on the mechanism for implementing sustainable financing identified 4.2.3 Kirindy Mitea and WWF and Fanamby in Menabe. 4.2.3.1 Collaborate with MNP, WWF and Fanamby on adapting WCS Makira’s experiences to the Menabe context. 4.2.3.2 Agree on a standard methodology to be adopted for the implementation of the Carbon Project in the Menabe region 4.2.3.3 Raise community awareness of the benefits of the Carbon Project 4.2.3.4 Determine community activities for the benefits of the Carbon Project in the intervention communes 4.3. Community/fokotany/fokonolona reinforced/empowered in land and resource tenure 4.3.1. Train the communities on procedures and rights for securing land rights/resource tenure 4.3.1.1 Identify training needs for local authorities and communities (tenure-related training needs) 4.3.1.2 Share training needs at Hay Tao 4.3.1.3 Organize a validation workshop of the training modules with Hay Tao 4.3.1.4 Carry out the training of trainers on the modules to be delivered to the beneficiaries 4.3.1.5 Carry out training of beneficiaries on the adopted training modules 4.3.2. Conduct an awareness raising campaign of land services to increase the use of land use regulations (Potential for grants finance) 4.3.2.1 Determine messages and operationalize communication means adapted to the local situation 4.3.2.2 Identify means of facilitating land regularization

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 78/97

4.3.2.3 Support access to land regularization for local communities SA5: Power: Strengthen community, CSO, private sector, and government capacity in targeted landscapes to advocate for and engage in improved community-based land and natural resource management 5.1. Key actors in community-based land tenure and NRM Strengthened 5.1.1. As part of shared visioning, conduct participatory context analyses regarding conservation of terrestrial and marine ecosystems at intra-communal level in 18 communes in MaMaBay and 4 in Menabe. 5.1.1.1 Determine the tools and methodologies to facilitate intermunicipal meetings in our intervention zone 5.1.1.2 Plan and carry out intra-communal meetings to determine the situation of land and marine natural resources and the integration of the gender approach in the intervention areas. 5.1.1.3 Analyze the information and results from the intramunicipal meetings in order to prepare the workshop for the Responsibility Charter 5.1.2. Develop a Charter of Responsibilities (inter-communal level) for the conservation of terrestrial and marine ecosystems in Makira and Masoala and in Menabe (North and South) 5.1.2.1 Plan and organize intermunicipal workshops (North and South of Menabe) to determine the charter of responsibility related to the conservation of land and marine natural resources, the empowerment of women and youth and the corresponding road map 5.1.2.2 Establish and operationalize a committee to coordinate at all levels and monitor the implementation of the charter of responsibility for the conservation of marine and terrestrial natural resources 5.1.2.3 Transform the charter of responsibility into an action plan for all stakeholders 5.1.3. Develop a Charter of Responsibilities at the landscape level (Makira + Masoala and Menabe north & south) for the conservation of terrestrial and marine ecosystems 5.1.3.2 Organize and plan an annual landscape workshop to develop the Menabe Landscape and Marine Landscape Responsibility Charter 5.1.4. Facilitate assessments of organizational capacity with fokontany, COBAs, CSOs and intracommunal actors 5.1.4.1 Determine the criteria and make an inventory of the organizations subject to self-assessment in the municipalities of intervention (NRGT/TAFITA) 5.1.4.2 Organize training sessions at the local level on the use of the assessment tool (NRGT/TAFITA assessment guide) 5.1.4.3 Carry out workshops to carry out the self-evaluation of the actors (Commune, Fokontany, CSOs, COBA, AP Managers). 5.15. Provide training for key stakeholders based on gaps identified as part of organizational capacity assessments

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 79/97

5.1.5.1 Identify the training modules to be delivered 5.1.5.2 Determine the resources needed for training (human, financial and technical) 5.1.5.3 Plan and organize training courses 5.1.5.4 Carry out planned training courses 5.2. Better accountability of judicial system 5.2.1. Coordinate the training of forest officers and agents in relation to urgent actions identified [in collaboration with Hay Tao]. 5.2.1.1 Meet with authorities to collaborate in the organization of training 5.2.1.2 Determine the modules to be provided for forest officers 5.2.1.3 Identify the human and logistical resources for conducting the training 5.2.1.4 Conduct training for forestry officers on the identified modules

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 80/97

Annex IV: Grants and Local Subcontracts Under the Activity

Table IV-1: Grants and Subcontracts Title of Grant/Subcontract Type Grantee Dates Amount (MGA) Status Development and implementation of a fire September Milestone fighting strategy in Menabe NGO FANAMBY 2019 – 485 261 671,00 2 Antimena Protected Area August 2020 and the Menabe Landscape Enhancing village patrols to December significantly reduce 2019 – Milestone deforestation in Menabe NGO DURRELL 457 670 792,00 December 1 Antimena and Ambondrobe 2020 Protected Area Natural capital restoration for conservation and January 2020 Approved livelihoods in the Menabe- NGO KEW – August 337 616 323,00 by USAID Antimena Protected Area, 2021 Madagascar

Grants Under Contract process: Status of current grants program – From the released Annual Program Statement (APS) 01 during USAID Mikajy FY 2019, 17 pre-selected concept-note stage grantees (out of 52) proceeded to the full application stage under which 11 applications were sent to home office for final decision. Home office selected 5 applications for priority submission (Negotiation memo, final technical and budget proposal, signed ERF, terrorism checking and all required and signed certifications) for USAID approval. The Royal Botanical Garden Kew grant package was sent to USAID for approval and Voahary Association will be sent at the start of Q2, Armand & Olivier (AROL) and Antongil Conservation grant packages are under preparation and will be submitted to USAID for approval in Q2. The GPPM (Groupement de Pecheurs Professionnels de Menabe) grant pre-award process will also be reviewed, updated and prepared for approval by the first month of Q2. RBG-KEW and Voahary Association are working on Menabe Antimena protected area forest restoration by mobilizing local communities, whereas AROL and Antongil Conservation grant activities are focused on seascape local community ecotourism activities in MaMaBay. Durrell’s proposal via the RA grant mechanism received USAID approval and agreement was signed in December. Durrell’s grant activity is focused on Menabe Antimena protected area patrolling and COBA capacity building on patrolling, plus extension of patrolling to Ambondrobe where it will establish 3 new COBAs. USAID Mikajy also received and reviewed the first and second milestone (part) from Fanamby during Q1. The major accomplishment for Fanamby during Q1 was to have undertaken a community- awareness campaign and training of trainers in fire prevention and firefighting, together with a field assessment to develop the fire prevention strategy. Grants & subcontracts strategy – At the time of reporting, USAID Mikajy is developing a strategy for grants and subcontracts with two main goals: (1) to engage and build the capacity of both national

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 81/97

NGOs and local community’s associations in community conservation activities and (2) to find an adaptive mechanism to boost the grants and subcontract process. This strategy considered also the lessons learned from the first year of the project implementation. The strategy will be finalized and implemented during the first month of Q2. New Senior Grants Manager – USAID Mikajy hired a new Senior Grants Manager who joined the team on November 4, 2019.

Challenges: APS grants process review – USAID Mikajy is currently reviewing the APS grants approach used during the first year of project implementation. The use of an APS mechanism slowed the pace of grant development and submission for approval. Accordingly, USAID Mikajy set up an improved grant processes mechanism (for the internal proposal review process) to accelerate the development of grants and subcontracts.

Next Quarter: Grants & subcontracts strategy – USAID Mikajy will finalize and implement the grants and subcontract strategy during Q2. The strategy will be adapted for the duration of Mikajy implementation taking into consideration the context and challenges that may occur. Monitoring ongoing grants – USAID Mikajy will continue monitoring the on-going grants to Fanamby and Durrell, will monitor the RBG Kew grant once started and will finalize AROL, Antongil Conservation and GPPM grant packages to be implemented upon USAID’s approval. APS 1 & 2 calls for proposals – For the APS 1 and 2 calls, USAID Mikajy will re-consider 2 full proposals from the APS1 and will evaluate the 38 concept notes from APS 2 and identify those eligible for submitting full proposals.

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 82/97

Annex V: Marine Strategy Summary

The Mikajy marine strategy During FY19, Mikajy emphasized the critical nature of terrestrial conservation (especially in the Menabe), justifying a terrestrial focus in FY19, and confirmed that the focus on marine programs will be on sustainable use rather than strict conservation. The USAID Mikajy project was designed at a time when marine conservation programs were still in the pipeline. However, the period 2016-2018 saw a massive boom in marine programs, with little increase in country capacity to absorb this extra-funding. The conservation community is now concerned that a glut of marine funding is a dangerous distraction/deviation from addressing critical terrestrial forest conservation challenges. (It should be mentioned that there are almost zero endemic, and relatively few endangered, marine species in Madagascar and that the marine ecosystems of Madagascar (coral reefs, mangroves, seagrass meadows, shelf seas etc.) while extensive, are generically similar to the rest of the Western Indian ocean. Top marine conservation priorities in Madagascar relate to vulnerable species that are disappearing elsewhere (e.g. sawfish, sea turtles, dugong). The main importance of marine ecosystems for Madagascar is for the valuable ecosystem services they provide (fisheries, food security, food production (aquaculture), wood from mangroves, ecotourism etc.) which require sustainable management. Marine ecosystem services can also help substitute for and take pressure off endangered terrestrial ecosystems. To date, Mikajy’s marine interventions have included mangrove conservation and restoration actions (Menabe), supporting marine ecosystems monitoring in Masoala MPAs. USAID Mikajy selected three marine projects for implementation for FY20 under the Mikajy grants program and has requested eight (8) new LMMAs be established by WCS starting in FY20. In addition, Mikajy has interacted with other marine programs and potential partners (MNP-PCD, WCS, BV, SWIOFISH, WWF, USFS, MIHARI) and Hay Tao (and its subcontractor CRC), World Bank and USAID itself to identify entry points where Mikajy could have greatest impact. High level principles of the marine strategy • USAID Mikajy marine interventions will be integrated across strategic approaches, across land and sea in alignment with ICZM, according to an ecosystem approach. • Wherever possible, marine interventions should be designed (and tested) to have a positive effect on terrestrial conservation (this will be key value add justifying marine interventions). • Marine interventions will make a substantial contribution to Mikajy indicators, notably % of nearshore area under sustainable management and biologically significant areas under improved management / improved biophysical conditions • USAID Mikajy will primarily work at the ‘meso’ or seascape scale (PAPs, dinabe) in alignment with ICZM landscape/seascape plans (Mikajy has comparative advantage at this scale). • Also at regional level, Mikajy will support development of fisheries resource management plans, fisheries improvement plans and marine value chains (e.g. mangrove, crab, shrimp, sea cucumber, seaweed etc.). • At the micro level, Mikajy marine interventions will be via subcontractors (WCS, NCBA- CLUSA), partners (MNP, BV, USFS etc.) and grantees (e.g. AROL Ecolodge etc.)

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 83/97

• At the macro (i.e. national) scale, USAID Mikajy meso and micro interventions will inform best practice at national level, in coordination with USAID Hay Tao and USAID as necessary. • Hay Tao (primarily through consortium partner CRC-URI) will play a significant technical support role in the design and implementation of Mikajy seascape interventions, beginning with the Menabe PAP. • Mikajy will support the LMMA approach while ensuring that governance mechanisms for local marine area management are legally and politically sustainable. • Mikajy will coordinate with MIHARI (nationally and regionally) to ensure coherent approach to working with fishers’ associations in the Mikajy seascapes (but not institutional support). • Mikajy will develop collaboration agreements on marine matters with MNP, MNP/PCD, COPEFRITO. USFS, Blue Ventures, WWF, CNGIZC and MIHARI. • In this last case, Mikajy will align as far as possible with the monitoring systems of other projects associated with PCD and participate in coordination meetings. Mikajy marine interventions for FY20 are proposed as summarized in the table:

Strategic MaMaBay / Bay of MaMaBay / Menabe (Nord) Menabe (Sud) approach Antongil Masoala peninsula SA1 SMART monitoring SMART monitoring 2 SMART monitoring SMART monitoring by by LMMAs & 1 MPA MPAs by mangrove LMMAs LMMAs (with BV) (with WWF) Establishment and Revise zoning of Mangrove CBNRM reinforcement of 8 MPAs (reduce core Mangrove CBNRM (with BV, with LMMAs in the Bay of zones and make (with WWF, with technical support from Antongil tourism friendly) technical exchange USFS, Hay Tao CRC) with Menabe S, using Grant: Alamaitso input from USFS and Revise zoning of MPA APGL/LMMA (Arol CRC) including marine core Ecolodge) zones (Ambodiforaha) Support establishment by BV Work with USFS on Biodiversity surveys of 5 TGRN mangrove of mangroves in the mangroves (Mikajy management and bay will identify patrol restoration agents and advocate Strengthen for creation to Provide capacity conservation of DREAO/DREDD) building to COBAs for marine megafauna mangrove and critical habitats Provide capacity management building to COBAs Develop a Bay of for mangrove Antongil marine management ecosystem monitoring plan SA2 Seaweed farming Extend seaweed Finfish fishery Crab fishery pilot (Ambodiforaha farming to Masoala if improvement – as improvement (with area) (Ocean possible part of Menabe PAP BV) Farmers) Crab fishery Seaweed farming Establish business improvement expansion in Belo-sur- plan for aquaculture (exchange with mer (Ocean Farmers) value chain in the Bay South) of Antongil

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 84/97

Support communities to secure village seaweed farming permits SA3 PHE with Mahefa PHE with Mahefa PHE with Mahefa PHE with Mahefa Miaraka in fishing Miaraka in fishing Miaraka in fishing Miaraka in fishing villages villages villages villages

VSLAs in fishing VSLAs in fishing VSLAs in fishing VSLA’s in fishing villages villages villages villages SA4 Support Hay Tao Support Hay Tao Support Hay Tao Support Hay Tao marine tenure study marine tenure study marine tenure study marine tenure study

Implement marine Implement marine Implement marine Implement marine tenure systems for tenure systems for tenure systems for tenure systems for LMMAs and LMMAs and LMMAs and LMMAs and mangroves mangroves mangroves mangroves

Support Bay of PAP Menabe Nord PAP Menabe Sud (with Antongil PAP (with support from Hay Tao / CRC-URI) implementation Hay Tao / CRC-URI) (following Support crab coordination Support crab management plan as meetings with WCS management plan as part of PAP and SWIOFISH) part of PAP

Support elaboration and homologation of marine component of Menabe dina be SA5 Support to bay Bay communication Menabe PAP Menabe PAP communication (e.g. communication communication bay radio) Peninsula program program communication Advocacy and communication to stop illegal beach seining

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 85/97

Annex VI. Environmental and Climate Risk Management Compliance

MIKAJY EMMR Table Identified Mitigation Measure(s) Monitoring Monitoring Field Monitoring/Issues/ Corrective Environmental Aspects Indicator(s) and Reporting Resolution Measures to or Impacts Frequency be taken 1.1.2 Support update of the Protected Areas Management and Business Plans for Makira, Masoala, Menabe Antimena, Ambondrombe and Allée des Baobabs Conflict between USAID Mikajy will ensure that Updated PA Prior to The update guide for PAG Responded communities over updated PA management plans: Management plans implementatio is underway but pending to new access to land and include these n validation from MEDD government natural resources 1) Are completed alongside measures initiatives community sensibilization The update process will Disputes between follow the established local actors over 2) Include mechanisms for PAG methodology and stakeholder consultation List of zoning and Quarterly as include ample stakeholder delimitation of communities consultation throughout 3) Include benchmarks to consulted during appropriate different land use measure and monitor their the process zones update process progress, successes, inclusivity Equitable benefit sharing Poorly planned or (gender and vulnerable peoples), being updated executed management and any negative effects on An updated techniques may people and the environment for which adjustments/remedial management threaten the stability Upon actions will need to be taken. responsibility of protected zones chart valid with all completion of and lead to 4) Ensure equitable benefit actors update unintentional negative sharing effects on endangered species or their 5) Require Management habitats and potential Effectiveness Tracking Tools negative social impacts (METT) (e.g., loss of income, exclusion from traditional lands, etc.)

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 86/97

6) Include updates to the management protocol for ZOCs in Masoala 1.1.3 Support evaluation and update of management transfer contracts around Masoala and in Menabe Poorly planned or USAID Mikajy shall ensure that Management Prior to The process of updating Multi- executed management CBNRM management transfer Transfer contracts implementatio tools is underway with stakeholder techniques may contracts: that include these n the working group group threaten the stability measures composed of MEDD, engaged of CBNRM zones due 1) Are in compliance with PA USAID Hay Tao, USAID Management Plans, Land Use to conflict over access Mikajy, SAGE, WWF, to natural resources, Plans, and other GoM planning WCS, MIHARI, MSIS, guidance and documents. List of community inability to control the members USAID Hay Tao, GIZ, CI inflow of migrants, or and MSIS. 2) Include measures for consulted Quarterly as zoning and stakeholder consultation appropriate delimitation disputes. An updated 3) Include benchmarks to management Upon Successful CBNRM The updated process measure and monitor their responsibility completion of may lead to increases guide for TGRN progress, successes, inclusivity chart valid with all update in employment, road evaluation developed with (gender and vulnerable peoples), actors Hay Tao received improvement, or and any negative effects on validation from PA health care. While all people and the environment for positive, it may also managers and will be which adjustments/remedial applied in Q2. Mikajy stimulate migration of actions will need to be taken. people into the vicinity expects to receive MEDD of the PA, an acute 4) Include measures to ensure validation of management concern in Menabe equitable benefit sharing transfer contracts in the overstressing the next quarter 5) Communal approval of the outlying areas, COBA management plan and infringing upon the chart of responsibility benefits to indigenous residents and 6) Build awareness of value of increasing production CBNRM areas among COBA of solid waste. members

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 87/97

1.1.4 Support the development of management plans, for 12 LMMAs and creation of new community management structures for marine resources Conflict between 1) Awareness and sensitization Surveillance Surveillance USAID Mikajy began None communities over campaigns will be paired with reports reports identifying potential sites access to marine and trainings for new fisher groups for the creation of coastal resources and or LMMAs to ensure LMMAs in the MaMaBay potential loss of community buy-in and support ER conducted seascape. Priority sites are income related to concentrated in the Bay 2) Communities will be and exclusion from ER conducted and documented of Antongil around traditional fishing consulted and engaged in the documented Maroantsetra. For grounds demarcation and placement of Menabe, after

LMMAs consultation with BV, Difficulty in engaging List of fishers List of fishers MNP and WWF, Mikajy small scale fishers 3) Fishing zone surveillance consulted patrols will be strengthened consulted will support the creation Disputes between of LMMAs in central

local actors over 4) Dinas will be applied in Menabe (Betania, Kimony) zoning and collaboration with local and in the area of Belo delimitation of use authorities sur Mer. The structuring of LMMAs will continue in zones 5) Ecological information will be Q2. Poorly planned or used to determine best executed management placement of LMMAs to support may threaten the ecosystem conservation and stability of protected regeneration of fish stocks zones. 1.1.8. Training COBAs on forest fire prevention and forest fire-fighting / 1.2.7 Support implementation of firefighting control measures Fire-fighting is an 1) Community stakeholders are Village firefighting Before fire Grant was signed None inherently dangerous consulted and engaged through committees season approved by USAID and activity and without the food for work program supported signed in September 2019, appropriate safety implementation to begin 2) DREDD Regional Firefighter training measures can present in FY’20 unacceptable risk. Representative will work report alongside the delegated After fire Menabe SA 1 Specialist Fire prevention management authority season Lucien Andriafanomezana involves some level of will be the technical focal

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 88/97

habitat disruption 3) Fire breaks will be on PA Monitor fire point in charge of which if poorly boundaries to minimize impact breaks overseeing EMMP planned can lead to and prevent fragmentation compliance habitat destruction or Reduction of ag 4) No native trees will be fires spreading to During fire Fanamby conducted a impede wildlife season corridors. harmed in the trimming, only PAs community awareness shrubs and grasses will be program, reaching Fire prevention and trimmed # of patrols approximately 1000 fire-fighting also # of agents villagers, and followed in present social risks for 5) Firefighters and regular November with the patrollers are engaged to trained and the firefighters if not equipped training of 6 technicians implemented alongside monitor effectiveness of fire and 16 community sensitization breaks along borders workers in firefighting, campaigns. 6) Digging will not be used to who will transfer skills to establish firebreaks to protect communities in 10 villages soils in Q2 7) Trimming in agricultural lands will be limited to shrubs and grasses rather than crops 8) At least 100 agents trained, equipped, and ready to act to extinguish fires 1.1.9 Support development of Fishing Management Plans (PAPs) in Menabe Conflict between 1) Awareness and sensitization Surveillance After Process launched in None communities over campaigns will be paired with reports establishment collaboration with the access to marine and trainings to ensure community national Directorate of coastal resources and buy-in and support Fisheries (of the MAEP), potential loss of regional fisheries 2) Communities will be Prior to income related to establishment directorate (DRAEP) and exclusion from consulted and engaged in ER conducted and NGO (WWF, BV) and traditional fishing development of the plan documented private sector partners. grounds WWF and BV provided 3) Fishing zone surveillance Quarterly patrols will be strengthened written commitments to support the community

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 89/97

Difficulty in engaging 4) Dinas will be applied in List of fishers consultation processes. small scale fishers collaboration with local consulted Community consultations authorities will be launched in Q2. Disputes between local actors over 5) Ecological information will be delimitation of use used to determine best zones Poorly planned approach for ecosystem or executed conservation and regeneration management may of fish stocks threaten the stability of protected zones. 1.2.4 Support active and passive restoration activities in degraded habitats to ensure landscape connectivity Sub-Action: Mangrove restoration with the COBA of Belo sur Tsiribihina Tenure conflict Sensibilization campaigns held Restoration Monitoring of Restoration completed COBA and between communities with the COBAs, forest specific ER restored between March and April community over the statute of the technicians, representatives of completed Map of zones by the 2019 - 22 ha of mangrove patrols restoration zone Risk the fisheries cantonment, the restored zone COBA restored require of conflict over access fokotany and populations Mutual agreement community additional and use of the land by bordering the restoration zone on mangrove patrols Sensibilization campaign capacity the communities Use in concert with restoration. management in completed prior to the building to of non-adaptive or the contract Annual restoration activities be exotic species that Consulted communities to Restoration and monitoring to Collaborated with the addressed could disturb the identify the target zones and Monitoring report be completed Federation of COBA through ecological equilibrium rules of access Prioritized by the Mikajy FIVOI for the CBNRM Potential future potential zones of restoration in Regional identification of planning this the Management Plan for the Monitoring, reforesting zones conflict of interest for quarter a crab reserve area Menabe Antimena Protected Evaluation, respecting specific Safety of restored Area and the Management and Learning technical and scientific areas against grazing transfer and confirmed the use Assistant norms with community livestock and statutes of those zones members from 10 VOIs in transformation the Tsiribihina Delta Will Identified with the communities reinforce capacity of zones for propagule collection COBAs to monitor target to ensure native species well zones in FY’20 adapted to the coastal eco-

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 90/97

system of the Tangalahy region (Rhizophora Mucronata) and Tangambavy region (Criops Tagal) Implication of the COBAS in the plantations and security of restored zones Collaborated with the Fokontany and Organisme Public de Coopération Intercommunale (OPCI) during the sensibilization, the restoration, and the monitoring after the restoration. Sub-Action: Restoration of the Forest Bridge Ambatolahidama in the Masoala Protected Area Erosion of the terrain Use plant debris to reinforce Restoration Monitoring of Restoration of 39 ha MNP is in Siltation and pollution newly planted propagules to report for the zone to be completed in August 2019 need of of the watershed maintain the soil against erosion Ambatolahidama ensured by Mikajy to reinforce MNP patrolling Introduction of Minimize soil disruption by completed by MNP on a surveillance and patrols equipment invasive species ensuring all soil is used to firmly Mikajy monthly basis within the park in FY’20 like GPS and Infringement into pack in seedlings Ensured use of Smartphone Protected Areas for native and well-adapted species s. Agricultural lands from the MNP nursery Engaged Detailed map of Equipment community in sensibilization and restoration zones to be restoration activities through provided MNP Provided silviculture next quarter training before plantation Reduced spacing between trees planted and replaced dead wood Ensured use of best practices for planting techniques Building on continued efforts of MNP since 2012 to restore

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 91/97

deforested gaps within new park boundaries

2.1.2 Promote sustainable crab and seaweed value chains Introduction of non- Seaweed and crab cultivation ER conducted for Prior to Development of a Menabe None native species through value chains do not involve each VC or implementatio regional marine mismanaged breeding introduction of new species or producer prior to n and as conservation coalition Activities, enhanced breeding and as such support indicated by (DRAEP, WWF, Blue socioeconomic issues do not require aquaculture the ER for Ventures, USFS, leading to illegal catch concerns to be evaluated activities with COPEFRITO, Hay in protected areas, identified Tao/CRC, Mikajy) (and and disruption and USAID Mikajy will implement conditions IRD mangrove crabs degradation of marine best practices and take project) ecosystems due to measures to ensure that harvesting using business start-up systems and 4 extension sites for unsustainable enterprises are aware of seaweed farming identified methods. environmental management to in Manahy and ensure appropriate Andranopasy (with environmental management WWF) and Antsatsabo plans and compliance with and Belanora with Blue Sectoral Environmental Ventures Guidelines. For MaMaBay, 6 potential sites were identified with Ocean Farmers totaling 125 ha of shallow marine areas. Ocean Farmers issued a technical feasibility report for review in Q2, Mikajy will also conduct a separate internal ER.

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 92/97

4.2.1 Reinforce statutory land and resource tenure Although the activity Planning must integrate or Measures are SOW to Initial research and None itself does not directly otherwise reflect current data incorporated into integrate assessment is still affect the and analysis on regional support (TA compliance underway with the PLOF environment, land use environmental trends, including SOWs, training, with PA Mgmt under GeoSystems to planning will guide land principles of biodiversity implementation) plans and inform planning use changes, and conservation and sustainable for land use and CBNRM plans therefore, NRM adaptation strategies. marine spatial inappropriately Mikajy shall ensure that support planning designated land uses (TA, training, implementation) Training curricula Quarterly can contribute for land use and marine spatial progress potentially to conflict, planning complies/not in conflict Perceptions of reports soil erosion, with PA Management Plans and land tenure introduction of exotic other planning guidance and security to be species, and documents. measured annually degradation of water for indicator 4.3 quality.

MIKAJY CLIMATE RISK MANAGEMENT SUMMARY TABLES Actions Implemented Actions Implemented Steps Taken to Mitigate Climate Risk LOW CLIMATE RISK RATING

Activities and indicators Actions in relation to identified risks NB –Indicator 1.3 (Number of people using climate information or implementing risk-reducing actions Changing weather patterns / to improve resilience to climate change as supported by USG assistance - EG.11-6) is relevant to all extreme weather events: activities listed below. Other indicators of potential relevant are added in breackets. • Meetings and workshops were • 1.1.5 Support establishment of patrol committees in areas not covered by management planned around typical poor transfer contracts (Ambondrombe, Belo sur Mer and Makira) (Relevant indicators: 1.1, weather patterns to ensure safety 1.2, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.7) of attendees.

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 93/97

• 1.2.1 Establish effective coordination mechanisms for co-management of PAs and between PAs in the landscape (6.2, 6.3, 6.7) • 1.2.5 Support implementation, technical improvement and reinforcement of community • Planned patrols around extreme patrols and improved capacity of patrolling entities (1.1, 1.2, 1.4, 6.7) weather events to protect • 1.3.3 Convene meetings between managers of PAs and CBNRM SMART patrols and other patrollers actors to share best practices of SMART, patrols, restoration, landscape monitoring [in collaboration with Hay Tao] (1.1, 1.2) • Receives DGM’s weather • 1.3.4 Develop a mobile platform module on NRM that provides information to the actors of information products and the landscape (5.3, 6.8) contributed to dissemination of • 2.2.1 Identify traceability and certification options in MaMaBay (2.4) this information to those in • 2.2.2 Raise awareness and provide training on market orientated climate smart agriculture in conservation agriculture Menabe and MaMaBay (1.3, 1.4, 6.7) • 2.2.3 Provide training to vanilla cooperatives in leadership, certification, commercial • Disseminated agricultural operations and cooperative management in MaMaBay (6.7) calendar for the 2020 planting • 2.2.4 Provide ongoing technical guidance to Cooperative Village Savings & Loans Associations campaign in collaboration with (VSLAs) to manage revenues and reduce reliance on/extraction of natural resources during DRAEP lean periods (6.7) • 3.1.1 Update the list of potential partners and develop engagement plans (2.2) • 3.1.2 Reinforce synergy between Mikajy and USAID health programs at the landscape level including the continuation of mutual health insurance schemes in priority landscapes (2.4) • 3.1.3 Facilitate access to and dissemination of climate change information (1.3, 1.4) • 4.1.1 Conduct an analysis of the Shared Vision results from FY19 and existing land use planning documents (4.1) • 4.2.1 Reinforce statutory land and resource tenure (4.3, 5.1) • 5.1.1 Facilitate assessments of targeted organizational capacity with fokontany, COBAs and CSOs (6.6) • 5.2.3 Support judiciary in effective use of evidence and prosecution of environmental crimes and support PA managers, COBAs and LMMA managers to track prosecutions (1.1, 5.2)

MODERATE CLIMATE RISK RATING

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 94/97

• 1.1.2 Support update of the Protected Areas Management and Business Plans for Makira, Risk of fire: Masoala, Menabe Antimena, Ambondrombe and Allée des Baobabs (1.2, 6.2) • 1.1.3 Support evaluation and update of management transfer contracts around Masoala and in • Accounted for potential climate Menabe [in collaboration with Hay Tao] (1.2, 6.2) risks in the EMMP prepared for • 1.1.4 Support the development of management plans, for 12 LMMAs and support the creation firefighting. of new community management structures for marine resources (LMMAs) in Menabe and • Addressed urgent fire risk in dry MaMaBay (1.2, 6.2) areas with traditional agricultural • 1.1.6 Hold trainings in SMART and participatory ecological monitoring (PEM) and for park burning techniques, through the officers and COBA patrollers (6.7) Menabe Emergency Plan and • 1.1.8 Train COBAs on forest fire prevention and forest fire-fighting (6.7) other sensitization campaigns. • 1.1.9 Support development of Fishing Management Plans (PAPs) in Menabe (1.2, 4.1, 5.1, Climate risks to biodiversity: 6.3) • 1.2.7 Support implementation of fire-fighting control measures (sensitization, preparation and • Began outreach campaigns in implementation) (1.1, 1.2, 5.2, 5.3, 6.2) target zones to support climate • 2.1.1 Promote sustainable vanilla, seaweed and clove value chains in MaMaBay (2.1, 2.2, 2.3, resilient CBNRM and protection 2.4, 6.4) of areas of High Biodiversity • 2.1.2 Promote sustainable crab and seaweed value chains and facilitate the establishment of Value sustainable maize and peanut value chains with private sector group (2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 6.4). • Coordinating with key partners to establish best practices for managing climate risk before updating PA management plans, TGRN or LMMAs

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 95/97

Annex VII. USAID Mikajy Organizational Chart

Quarterly Progress Report: USAID Mikajy Activity FY’2020 Q1 P 96/97