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Virgovirgo Impressum MITTEILUNGSBLATT DES ENTOMOLOGISCHEN VEREINS MECKLENBURG 23. Jahrgang / 2020 VirgoVirgo Impressum Herausgeber Entomologischer Verein Mecklenburg e. V. 19067 Dobin am See, OT Buchholz, Feldstr. 5 E-Mail: www.entomologie-mv.de Vorsitzender: Uwe Deutschmann Erscheinungsweise Die Virgo erscheint einmal jährlich als Mitteilungsblatt des Entomologischen Vereins Mecklenburg e. V. Redaktion und Gestaltung Uwe Deutschmann, Dobin am See, OT Buchholz; Eckehard Rößner, Schwerin E-Mail: [email protected]; [email protected] Titelbild Zum Beitrag DEGEN, B.: Meloe proscarabaeus Linnaeus, 1758 – Insekt des Jahres 2020 (Coleoptera: Meloidae): Weibchen des Schwarzblauen Ölkäfers Meloe proscarabaeus Linnaeus, 1758 auf Rasenflächen des Freibades Hohen Viecheln im Landkreis Nordwestmecklenburg. Siehe dazu auch die Umschlagseite 4. Foto: Gerd Hartwich (Grambow). Auflage 125 Exemplare Druck: Wir machen Druck, 71522 Backnang ISSN 1438-5090 Copyright und Reproduktionsrecht, auch auszugsweise, nur mit Erlaubnis des Entomologischen Vereins Mecklenburg e. V. Erschienen: August 2020. Konto für Mitgliedsbeiträge und Spenden: IBAN: DE61 1405 2000 0366 1600 01 BIC: NOLADE21LWL. Jahresmitgliedsbeitrag 25,00 Euro, ermäßigt (für Schüler, Studenten) 10,00 Euro. Virgo, 23. Jahrgang, 2020: BRUNK, I., GEHLHAR, U., GÜRLICH, S., POEPPEL, S., SCHMID-EGGER, C., STAMPFER, T. & THIELE, V. .: Faunistisch bedeutsame, sowie Neu- und Wiederfunde von Käfern (Coleoptera), Schmetterlingen (Lepidoptera) und Stechimmen (Hymenoptera: Aculeata) in Wäldern und Waldreststrukturen der Umgebung von Güstrow (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern): 3-13. Faunistisch bedeutsame, sowie Neu- und Wiederfunde von Käfern (Coleoptera), Schmetterlingen (Lepidoptera) und Stechimmen (Hymenoptera: Aculeata) in Wäldern und Waldreststrukturen der Umgebung von Güstrow (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern) INGO BRUNK, UWE GEHLHAR, STEPHAN GÜRLICH, SUSANNE POEPPEL, CHRISTIAN SCHMID-EGGER, THERESIA STAMPFER & VOLKER THIELE Zusammenfassung InsHabNet (Erarbeitung, Optimierung und Im Rahmen des Forschungsvorhabens InsHabNet Umsetzung von Schutzstrategien für durch (Erarbeitung, Optimierung und Umsetzung von Lebensraumfragmentierung gefährdete Insekte- Schutzstrategien für durch Lebensraum- populationen mit Maßnahmen eines wirkungsvollen fragmentierung gefährdete Insektenpopulationen Biotopverbundes in und außerhalb von Wäldern) mit Maßnahmen eines wirkungsvollen gefördert. In diesem Rahmen führt das Forstliche Biotopverbundes in und außerhalb von Wäldern) Versuchswesen der Landesforst Mecklenburg- finden seit 2019 entomologische Untersuchungen Vorpommern seit 2019 u. a. entomologische der Käfer (Coleoptera), Schmetterlinge Untersuchungen der Käfer (Coleoptera), (Lepidoptera) und Stechimmen (Hymenoptera: Schmetterlinge (Lepidoptera) und Stechimmen Aculeata) in Wäldern und Waldreststrukturen in der (Hymenoptera: Aculeata) in Wäldern und Umgebung Güstrows statt. Das Forschungsvorhaben Waldreststrukturen in der Umgebung Güstrows wird von der Fachagentur für Nachwachsende durch. Ein wichtiger Arbeitsschwerpunkt (weitere in Rohstoffe (FNR) gefördert, der Landesforst den Projektlinks, s. u.) im Projekt dient der Mecklenburg-Vorpommern (Betriebsteil FVI, FG Beantwortung der Frage, ob sich aufgrund der Forstliches Versuchswesen) durchgeführt und soll an Fragmentierung und Verinselung der Wälder in der dieser Stelle kurz vorgestellt werden. Erste Vergangenheit Aussterbeprozesse in den naturschutzfachlich und faunistisch bedeutsame Lebensgemeinschaften der Insekten feststellen Ergebnisse werden präsentiert. Sechs Arten der lassen. Stechimmen und fünf Arten der Käfer sind Neufunde für die Fauna von Mecklenburg Untersuchungsgebiet Vorpommern, eine Käferart ist neu für Mitteleuropa. Große Sorgfalt wurde auf die Auswahl eines geeigneten Untersuchungsgebietes gelegt, welches Summary einerseits ein geschlossenes Waldgebiet mit einer In 2019 entomological research was conducted in Mindestgröße von 5.000 ha aufweisen, andererseits forests and woodland fragments in areas around direkt an eine hinsichtlich Waldstrukturen Güstrow (Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania). This ausgeräumte und stark fragmentierte Offen- research is funded by the Agency for Renewable landschaft grenzen sollte (Abb. 1). Raw Materials (FNR, Fachagentur für Darüber hinaus sollten Klimastufe und Naturraum Nachwachsende Rohstoffe) as part of the project im gesamten Untersuchungsgebiet identisch und die „InsHabNet“ (Development, optimization and mikrochorielle Ausstattung (Wuchsgebiet, implementation of protection strategies for insect Wuchsbezirk, möglichst gleiche Hydromorphie, populations endangered by habitat fragmentation Nährkraft) so homogen wie möglich sein. Nach using measures of an effective biotope network in entsprechenden GIS-Analysen (GIS-Geografisches and outside of forests) and conducted by Landesforst Informationssystem) fiel die Wahl auf das in Abb. 1 Mecklenburg-Vorpommern (Betriebsteil FVI, FG und Abb. 2 dargestellte Gebiet südlich Güstrows. Forstliches Versuchswesen). In this paper, first Als Baumart, die sowohl im geschlossenen Wald, als results were presented regarding to the occurrence auch im Offenland gefunden und vergleichend and assessment of habitat specialists as well as rare beprobt werden kann, wurde die Stieleiche gewählt. species (beetles - Coleoptera, butterflies & moths – Der Mittelpunkt der Probekreise (PK = 1.000 m2 Lepidoptera, bees & wasps - Hymenoptera: große Untersuchungsfläche) wird fast immer durch Aculeta). Six species of bees & wasps and five eine starke Eiche gebildet, die möglichst alt (in der species of beetles are new records for Regel 150-200 Jahre) und soweit vorhanden bereits Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, one beetle für xylobionte Insekten relevante Sonderstrukturen species is a new record for Middle Europe. aufweisen sollte. Derlei Eichen wurden in möglichst naturnahen Laubwäldern (überwiegend Einleitung Buchenwälder), aber auch als Waldreststruktur im Durch die Fachagentur für nachwachsende Offenland, als Einzelbaum, in Alleen und Hecken, Rohstoffe (FNR) wird das Forschungsvorhaben sowie in und am Rand kleiner Feldgehölze, gesucht 3 Virgo, 23. Jahrgang, 2020: BRUNK, I., GEHLHAR, U., GÜRLICH, S., POEPPEL, S., SCHMID-EGGER, C., STAMPFER, T. & THIELE, V. .: Faunistisch bedeutsame, sowie Neu- und Wiederfunde von Käfern (Coleoptera), Schmetterlingen (Lepidoptera) und Stechimmen (Hymenoptera: Aculeata) in Wäldern und Waldreststrukturen der Umgebung von Güstrow (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern): 3-13. und gefunden. Die Waldgeschichte lässt sich etwa vermitteln Eindrücke von den Habitaten und den für die Zeitebenen 1780 und 1880 rekonstruieren Untersuchungsmethoden (Fotos: Dr. I. Brunk). und mit dem Ist- Zustand vergleichen. Die Abb. 3-9 Material und Methoden Großschmetterlinge (Makrolepidoptera) und die Als zu untersuchende Artengruppen wurden und aculeaten Hymenoptera standardisiert erfasst und werden die Käfer Coleoptera), die nachtaktiven bearbeitet. Eine Übersicht ist in Tab. 1 gegeben . Abb. 1: Blick ins Untersuchungsgebiet mit stark verinselten „Waldreststrukturen“ (Foto. Dr. I. Brunk). Abb. 2: Das Untersuchungsgebiet mit den untersuchten Probekreisen südlich von Güstrow. (Nicht dargestellt ist ein weiterer PK nördlich von Güstrow). 4 Virgo, 23. Jahrgang, 2020: BRUNK, I., GEHLHAR, U., GÜRLICH, S., POEPPEL, S., SCHMID-EGGER, C., STAMPFER, T. & THIELE, V. .: Faunistisch bedeutsame, sowie Neu- und Wiederfunde von Käfern (Coleoptera), Schmetterlingen (Lepidoptera) und Stechimmen (Hymenoptera: Aculeata) in Wäldern und Waldreststrukturen der Umgebung von Güstrow (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern): 3-13. Abb. 3: Waldkante bei Klein Upahl. Abb. 7: Totholzreiche Untersuchungsfläche. Abb. 4: Hecke bei Steinbeck. Abb. 8: Steineichenallee Bei Steinbeck. Abb. 5: Kleines Feldgehölz einer Wüstung bei Mühl Rosin. Abb. 6: Im Untersuchungsjahr umgestürzte Stieleiche. 5 Virgo, 23. Jahrgang, 2020: BRUNK, I., GEHLHAR, U., GÜRLICH, S., POEPPEL, S., SCHMID-EGGER, C., STAMPFER, T. & THIELE, V. .: Faunistisch bedeutsame, sowie Neu- und Wiederfunde von Käfern (Coleoptera), Schmetterlingen (Lepidoptera) und Stechimmen (Hymenoptera: Aculeata) in Wäldern und Waldreststrukturen der Umgebung von Güstrow (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern): 3-13. Abb. 9: Aufhängung der Lufteklektoren (Pfeile) im Bestand. Tab. 1: Überblick über die angewendeten Methoden, sowie Artenzahlen und Aktivitätsdichten. Artengruppe Erfassungs- Anzahl Anzahl Erfassungszeitraum Arten- Individuen methode Fallen Probe- zahl [Aktivitäts- kreise dichte] Coleoptera Lufteklek- 100 50 kontinuierlich (07.05.- 944 127.190 toren 02.10.2019, 3-wöchige Leerungen) Nachtaktive Automatische 40 40 28 Erfassungen bei 335 20.699 (Makro)- Lichtfallen geeigneter Witterung Lepidoptera (21.05.-23.10.2019, 14 2-tägige Durchgänge) Hymnoptera: Gelbschalen 400 40 14 Erfassungen bei 233 5.692 Aculetata geeigneter Witterung (exklusive (14.05.-23.10.2019, 14 Formicoidea) 2-tägige Durchgänge) Erste Ergebnisse und faunistisch Käfer (Coleoptera) bemerkenswerte Funde Im ersten Untersuchungsjahr wurden insgesamt 944 Die Bearbeitung des Materials des ersten Käferarten in 127.190 Individuen erfasst und Untersuchungsjahres 2019 ist abgeschlossen. Das ausgewertet. 389 dieser Arten sind „Holzkäfer“ Untersuchungsgebiet erwies sich als unerwartet (Xylobionte) im Sinne des Kataloges von KÖHLER artenreich. Aus den drei jeweils mittels der o. g. (2000, 2014). Insgesamt 167 dieser Arten werden in Fallen beprobten Tiergruppen wurden allein 1.512 den Roten Listen Deutschlands oder Arten nachgewiesen. Weitere Arten sind mit anderen Mecklenburg-Vor p o mmerns
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