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IG Farben Case THE IG Farben Trial The United States of America vs. Carl Krauch et al. US Military Tribunal Nuremberg, Judgment of 30 July 1948 Page numbers in braces refer to US Military Tribunal Nuremberg, judgment of 30 July 1948, in Trials of War Criminals Before the Nuernberg Military Tribunals , Vol. VIII. XIII. DECISION AND JUDGMENT OF THE TRIBUNAL, STATEMENT BY JUDGE HEBERT, AND SENTENCES..............................................................................................4 OPINION AND JUDGMENT OF THE UNITED STATES MILITARY TRIBUNAL VI .........4 Organization of the Tribunal...........................................................................................4 Jurisdiction.....................................................................................................................5 The Indictment ...............................................................................................................5 The Issues .....................................................................................................................5 The Trial.........................................................................................................................5 Interlocutory Rulings ......................................................................................................6 Farben as an Instrumentality .........................................................................................7 COUNTS ONE AND FIVE ..............................................................................................16 Common Knowledge....................................................................................................20 Personal Knowledge....................................................................................................23 Chart of Four Year Plan and its main departments, 18 december 1936 ......................26 Waging Wars of Aggression ........................................................................................37 Conspiracy...................................................................................................................39 COUNT TWO..................................................................................................................40 Substance of the Charge .............................................................................................40 fendant with reference to property located in Poland, France, Alsace-Lorraine, Norway, and Russia...................................................................................................................41 The Law Applicable to Plunder and Spoliation.............................................................42 The General Facts .......................................................................................................47 A. Spoliation of Public and Private Property in Poland..............................................49 B. The Charge of Spoliation With Reference to Norway ...........................................51 C. Plunder and Spoliation in France .........................................................................53 D. Russia ..................................................................................................................57 Individual Responsibility...............................................................................................58 COUNT THREE..............................................................................................................68 Poison Gas ..................................................................................................................69 Medical Experiments....................................................................................................70 Farben and the Slave-Labor Program..........................................................................72 The Defense of Necessity............................................................................................73 Auschwitz and Fuerstengrube .....................................................................................77 COUNT FOUR................................................................................................................89 STATEMENT OF JUDGE HEBERT...............................................................................95 FORMAL JUDGMENT AND SENTENCES...................................................................96 Defendant Krauch........................................................................................................97 Defendant Schmitz.......................................................................................................97 Defendant von Schnitzler.............................................................................................97 Defendant ter Meer......................................................................................................97 Defendant Ambros.......................................................................................................97 Defendant Buergin.......................................................................................................97 Defendant Buetefisch...................................................................................................98 Defendant Haefliger.....................................................................................................98 Defendant Ilgner ..........................................................................................................98 Defendant Jaehne........................................................................................................98 Defendant Oster ..........................................................................................................98 Defendant Duerrfeld.....................................................................................................98 Defendant Kugler.........................................................................................................99 XIV. CONCURRING OPINION OF JUDGE HEBERT ON THE CHARGES OF CRIMES AGAINST PEACE.............................................................................................................101 CONCURRING OPINION ON COUNTS ONE AND FIVE OF THE INDICTMENT........101 The Criminal Intent or State of Mind ..........................................................................106 Origin and Development of Farben............................................................................120 Farben’s Managerial Organization and Delegations ..................................................120 Activities of Farben in the Rearmament of Germany .................................................125 a. Support of Hitler and the Nazi Party....................................................................125 b. Cooperation with the Wehrmacht........................................................................126 c. The Four Tear Plan and Economic Mobilization of Germany for War .................128 d. Creating and Equipping the Nazi Military Machine..............................................136 e. Stockpiling of Critical War Materials....................................................................143 f. Use of International Agreements to Weaken Germany's Potential Enemies........145 g. Propaganda, Intelligence and Espionage Activities ............................................149 h. Steps Taken in Anticipation of War for Protection of Farben's Foreign Holdings by Camouflage and Projection of Plans for Economic Domination of Europe in the Chemical Field ........................................................................................................154 i. The Activities of Farben in Acquiring Control of the Chemical Industry in Occupied Countries ................................................................................................................157 XV. DISSENTING OPINION OF JUDGE HEBERT ON THE CHARGES OF SLAVE LABOR............................................................................................................................168 DISSENTING OPINION ON COUNT THREE OF THE INDICTMENT .........................168 XIII. DECISION AND JUDGMENT OF THE TRIBUNAL, 1 STATEMENT BY JUDGE HEBERT, AND SENTENCES THE MARSHAL : The Honorable, the Judges of Military Tribunal VI. Military Tribunal VI is now in session. God save the United States of America and this Honorable Tribunal. There will be order in the Court. THE PRESIDENT : You may report with respect to the attendance of the defendants, Mr. Marshal. THE MARSHAL : May it please Your Honors, all defendants are present in the Court. THE PRESIDENT : The Tribunal has received unofficial information of the terrible tragedy that occurred last evening at Ludwigshafen, and I am sure that I speak for the Tribunal, as well as for all who are assembled in this room, when we express our sympathy for the deceased and pay a tribute to their memory, as well as to the families of those who have suffered in this unfortunate incident. 2 (The assemblage rose in silent tribute) You may be seated. Dr. Dix. DR. DIX (counsel for defendant Schmitz) : May I express to you and to this Tribunal our heartfelt thanks, and the most heartfelt thanks in the name of these men here, in the name of the defense, and in the name of the unfortunate sufferers. THE PRESIDENT : Pursuant to an order of 6 July 1948 this Tribunal has been reconvened for the purpose of publicly announcing its judgment in Case 6, the United States of America vs. Carl Krauch, and others.
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