Resourcesat-1 Indian Remote Sensing Satellites -Current & Future Resourcesat Missions -

Presented by : Timothy J. Puckorius Chairman & CEO EOTec 1 Presentation Topics

• India’s Earth Observation Heritage • Current Resourcesat-1 Mission • Future Resourcesat Missions – Resourcesat-2 – Resourcesat-3 • Conclusions

2 1999 1995/1997 2003

IRS-1C/1D LISS-3 (23/70M, RESOURCESAT -1 STEERABLE PAN (5.8 M); INSAT-2E CCD LISS3 - 23 M; 4 XS WiFS (188M) (1KM RESOLUTION; LISS4 - 5.8 M; 3 - 1996 EVERY 30 MNUTESS) XS 2005 1994 AWIFS - 70 M; 4 - IRS-P3 XS CARTOSAT - 1 WiFS MOS 1999 PAN - 2.5M, 30 KM, IRS-P2 X-Ray IRS-P4 F/A LISS-2 OCEANSAT OCM, MSMR 1988/91

IRS-1A/1B LISS-1&2 (72/36M, INDIANINDIAN IMAGINGIMAGING CARTOSAT -2 4 BANDS; VIS & NIR) PAN - 1M SYSTEMSSYSTEMS 2007 1982

RS-D1 IMAGING IMPROVEMENTS MEGHA - 1979
1KM TO 0.81 M RESOLUTION TROPIQUES
GLOBAL COVERAGE SAPHIR SCARAB &
APPLICATION-SPECIFIC BHASKARA MADRAS Indian Earth Observation Satellites

tropical meteorological 1C PAN 5.8m; LISS-III 23/70m, 4 bands; WiFS 188 m, 2 bands Megha-Tropiques processes RISAT-2 P3 MOS-A/B/C; WiFS 188m, 3 bands ResourceSat-3 1D PAN 5.8m; LISS-III 23/70m, 4 bands; WiFS 188 m, 2 bands Hyperspectral Imager OCM 9-Band Ocean Colour Monitor; P4 OceanSat-1 OCM 300 m, 8 bands; MSMR MSMR Microwave Radiometer OceanSat-3 TES PAN high res. Hi Res Leo 0.2m LISS-IV 5.8m, 3 bands; LISS-III P6 ResourceSat-1 23m, 4 bands; AWiFS 56 m, 4 bands PAN 2.5m, in-flight stereo 27.5 km swath, P5 CartoSat-1 monoscopic 55 km swath, 10 bit

PAN <1m, pointable, 2A CartoSat-2 9.6 km swath,10 bit

Ku-Scatterometer, Ku-Altimeter, P7 OceanSat-2 MW-Radiometer, TIR Multi-Freq. SAR, 50m/240km, … RISAT-1 3-6m/30km, 1-3m/10km

ResourceSat-2 same as IRS-P6

‘96 ‘97 ‘98 ‘99 ‘00 ‘01 ‘02 ‘03‘04 ‘05 ‘06 ‘07 ‘08 ‘09 ‘10 ‘11 ‘12 ‘13

4 Current Resourcesat-1 Mission

5 Resourcesat-1 (IRS-P6)

6 Resourcesat-1 Features

Orbit : Circular Polar Sun Synchronous Orbit height : 821 km Orbit inclination : 98.76 ° Orbit period : 101.35 min Number of Orbits per day : 14 Local Time of Equator crossing : 10.30 a.m. Repetivity (LISS-3) : 24 days (341 orbits) Revisit (AWiFS) : 5 days Lift-off Mass : 1,360 kg Attitude and Orbit Control : 3-axis body stabilized using Reaction Wheels, Magnetic Torquers and Hydrazine Thrusters Power : Solar Array generating 1250 W (at EOL), Two 24 Ah Ni-Cd batteries Mission Life : 5-7 years Launch Dates : Resourcesat-1 launched on 10-17-03 Resourcesat-2 scheduled for Q3 2009

7 Resourcesat-1 Payload

8 R-1 Acquisition Modes

9 Data Collection Rates

Km 2 Km 2 Scenes/Day Satellite Sensor Per Second Per Minute (@ 8 mins/day) Resourcesat-1 LISS-4 ~ 462 km2 ~ 27,720 km2 ~ 221,760 km2

LISS-3 ~ 931 km2 ~ 55,836 km2 ~ 446,688 km2 AWiFS* ~ 4,884 km2 ~ 293,040 km2 ~ 2,344,320 km2

* AWiFS provides 5 day repeat coverage

10 Improvements over IRS-1C/D

Sensor IRS-1C/1D IRS-P6 PAN LISS-IV Mode Mono Spatial 5.8 m 5.8 m resolution Swath-width 70 km 70 km Better radiometric Radiometric resolution Resolution, 6 bit 7 bit Quantisation Spectral Red instead of pan- 500 – 750 nm 620-680 nm coverage chromatic band Number of 3 1 CCD arrays Only one array, leads to better internal geometry

11 Resourcesat-1 Fact Sheet

• The LISS-IV camera can be operated either in monochromatic or multi spectral mode.

Sensor LISS-IV LISS-III AWiFS Mode Mono MX Spatial B2 green 5.8 m 23.5 m 56 m .. 70 m resolution B3 red 5.8 m 5.8 m 23.5 m 56 m .. 70 m B4 NIR 5.8 m 23.5 m 56 m .. 70 m B5 SWIR 23.5 m 56 m .. 70 m Swath-width 70 km 23.9 km 140 km 740 km Radiometric Resolution, all Bands 7 bit 7 bit 7 bit 10 bit Quantisation Spectral B2 green 520-590 nm 520-590 nm 520-590 nm coverage B3 red 620-680 nm 620-680 nm 620-680 nm 620-680 nm B4 NIR 770-860 nm 770-860 nm 770-860 nm B5 SWIR 1550-1700 nm 1550-1700 nm CCD arrays B2 green 1 * 12000 1 * 6000 2 * 6000 (number of B3 red 1 * 12000 1 * 12000 1 * 6000 2 * 6000 arrays * No. B4 NIR 1 * 12000 1 * 6000 2 * 6000 of elements) B5 SWIR 1 * 6000 2 * 6000

12 Possible Applications

• Agriculture • Geology and Exploration – Crop monitoring and condition – Rock type mapping assessment – Mining pollution assessments – Crop canopy water stress – Coal fire analysis – Crop yield estimates – Landslide vulnerability / risk – Damage assessment • Infrastructure and Utilities • Forestry – Road networks – Inventory and updating – 3D city models – Encroachment – Structural and hydrological inventory – Habitat analysis – Utility corridor mapping – Fire damage – Change detection • Environmental Monitoring • Cartography / Mapping – Land use • National Security – Soil contamination – Desertification analysis – Oil Spills and disaster monitoring – Environmental impact assessments

13 PartPart ofof MyanmarMyanmar coastcoast

IRS-P6IRS-P6 LISS-IIILISS-III PalmPalm Island,Island, DubaiDubai

IRS-P6IRS-P6 LISS-IVLISS-IV 5.8m5.8m // 77 bitbit // 70km70km Milan,Milan, ItalyItaly

IRS-P6IRS-P6 LISS-IVLISS-IV MonoMono ModeMode 5.8m5.8m // 77 bitbit // 70km70km // RedRed bandband ManasarovarManasarovar Lake,Lake, TibetTibet

IRS-P6 AWiFS Future Resourcesat Missions

Resourcesat-2 thru n Cartosat-3 thru n Radar HSI

18 Future IRS Missions

• Resourcesat-2 – Virtually identical to Resourcesat-1 – Assures data continuity through 2015 – Resourcesat-2 Enhancements include: • Miniaturization of some structures and payload electronics • 10 Bit quantization for all data sets/sensors • OBSSR enlarged to 400 GB – Current status: • All mainframe systems in advance stages of completion • AWiFS and LISS-3 optics fabrication in process • LISS-4 electronics and telescope mirror delivered – Launch scheduled for Q3-2009

19 Resourcesat-2 Enhancements

10 10

20 Future Missions (continued)

• Resourcesat-3 series – Increased resolution and more spectral bands: • AWiFS (A & B) at 25m resolution, 600km swath • Liss-III at 23.5m resolution and 2 additional bands – Thermal at 70m resolution under consideration • Liss-IV at 5.8m with 1 additional band, 25km swath – Addition of new sensors with 25km swath: • Liss-V (PAN) at 2.5m resolution • Hyperspectral at 25m resolution (~200 Bands) • 5 day revisit cycle • Resourcesat-4 series – Addition of new sensors with 12.5km swath based on 500mm optics: • Liss-IV n at 2.5m, 3-4 bands, 5 day revisit • Liss-Vn at 1.25m PAN, 5 day revisit • HSI n at 12.5m, 200 bands, 5 day revisit

21 Conclusions

• ISRO is dedicated to providing IRS data through 2018 – Current systems will be operational thru 2012 – Next generation systems will carry into 2018 – Data continuity is assured – Funding is not an issue unlike other programs • Resourcesat-2 assures data continuity and improved collection rates while Resourcesat-1 remains operational – Potential for tandem collections is under evaluation • Resourcesat-3 and other follow-on missions are already under development – Cartosat 3 – RISAT (C-Band Radar) – Hyperspectral Imagery – OceanSat-3 22 Thank you!

CONTACT INFO :

Devi Prasad Karnik Timothy J. Puckorius Counselor (Space) Chairman & CEO ISRO Technical Liaison Unit, EOTec Embassy of India 2123 LeRoy Place NW 2536 Massachusetts Ave., NW Washington, DC 20008 - USA Washington, DC 20008 TEL/FAX: 1-301-365-6148 TEL: 202-939-9811 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] 23