Rev. Mus. Argentina Cienc Nat., n.s. 2(11: 69-109, 2000 Buems AL~~slSSN 1514.5158
Distribbllion, environment and biology of batoid fishes off hgentina, Umguay and Brazil. A review-
Roberto C. MENNI ' and Matth~asF. W. STEHMANN *
'Consojo Nacional de Investigaciones Cicntificas y TBcnicas. Museo de La Plata, Paseo del Bosque sln, 1900 La Plata, Argentina. E-mail: guioma&infovia.com.ar. lnstitut fur Seefischerei, Bundesforschungsanstait fur Fischerci, i'alrnaille 9, D-22767 Hamburg, Federal Republic of Germany E-mail: 106241.1657&ompuseme.com
Abstrael: Information on the distribution, environment and biology of hatoid fishes occurring off Brazil, UN- guay and Argentina is summarized and reviewed for sixty species. The Magellanie fauna is a well-defined biological unit. Conversely, the northern fauna changes gradually from the temperate Bonaerensean District off northernilrgentina, Uruguay and southern Brazil, to a subt,ropicdand tropical fauna along most of the Brazilian coast. Within the area studied, rajids are the dominant batoid family, with a large number of rhinobatids and myliobatoids to the north. An analysis (Jaccard) of distribution patterns, results in nine groups largely corresponding with biological and distributional information: Group I of Magellanic species, Group 11 of three Magellanic species extending into the Bonaerensean District, a small Group 111 formed by the deep water skates Bathyraja sehroederi,Arnblyraja [reriehsi and Dasyatis cf:pastinaca, another small Group IV of species with uncommon distributions, Group V of Bonaerensean species, GroupVI of relatively rare deep water species, Group VII of northern migrants into the Bonaerensean District, Gmup VlII of Brazilian species occurring in both the South Brazilian and Brazilian districts, and a completely different Group IX of Northcrn Brazilian species with their southern distributional limit usually at Rio de Janeiro. information is available also on depth and temperature ofoccurrence and in many cases reproduction and feeding. Preliminary evaluations of abundance have been obtained for a few species onlx but the risk of overfishing is documented for some of them. An odd taxonomic - geographic situation is the status of D,cfpaslinaca, and a peculiar type of cloaca1 gestation has been described for Be,ztlzobatis (similar to that in Squatinn). Studies at community ecology level are discussed and full references provided, including many reports only published as meeting summaries.
Key words: Batoids, zoogeography, batold biology, Argentina, Brazil
Biology of batoid fishes along the Atlantic tons in 1970, to 4213 tons in 1968 and to 2612 coast of South America has been - as Ishiyama tons in 1977, being about 0.72 '76 of the catches of (1958) once said of the IEajidae - a neglected area, teleostean fishes. However, during the last two and our biological knowledge of this group is less years, catches increased to 12000 tons (Chiara- than that of sharks (Menni, 1986). Many studies monte, 1998). are only by-products of general approaches to Batoid landings are utilized for fishmeal other groups, or result from personal interest of industry, but often material is discarded at sea. researchers. In spite of this, a bulk of taxonomic, As an example, during a fishing cruise off Rio biological, geographic and ecological information Grande do Sul, Brazil, large sharks, angel sharks is available. This information is often (Squatina) and the guitarfish Rhinobatos horkelii fragmentary or has not beon properly published. were kept. An amount of but 8170 kg of skates The aim of this review is to summarize available (inc1udingZaptery.x breuirostris, Rioraja agassui, data after a critical analysis, and provide a com- Atlantoraja cyclophora, A. castelnaui, Sympte- plete list of references. The use of available rygia acuta andPsammobatis spp.) and 1955 kg zoogeographic schemes in batoid distribution is of smaller sharks were discarded, making up with discussed. the discarded bony fishes a 21% discard of the OffArgentina, batoid fishes used to be of low total catch (Haimovici & PBrez Habiaga, 1982). economic importance. Catches ranged from 2468 In the pink-shrimp fishery off Ubatuba (SHo 70 Reucsta del Museo Argentzno de Czenczas Naturales, n s. 2 (l),2000
Paulo), the catch per unit effort of discarded Table 1. Distribution of southwestern Atlantic batoids (4.6 kg h~'),is about three times higher batoid species fi.om southern Argentina to than that of the shrimp (1.4 kg h.') (Amorirn et northern Brazil. Zoogeographic provinces and al., 1997). districts according to Mpez (1963). Magellanic The classification adopted here follows Province: PT= Patagonian Ilistrict. Argentina McEachran et al. (1996), with the Batoidea at Province: BD= Bonaerensean lfistrict, SBlk superorder level, with six orders, namely Southbrazilian District. lndian Province: BR= Torpediniformes, Prisliformes, Rhiniformcs, Brazilian District. (Fig. 1). *=Also Chile. ""=Also Rhynchobatiformes, Kajiformes and Per6 (Numbering of species as in the text). Myliobatiformes. Instead, Nelson (1994) lumped all rays and skatcs under one order Rajiformes PT RII SBD BR equally ranked with eight order of sharks, with 25. Batliyraja griseocauda*' X all nine orders forming the Superorder Euselachii 26. Batliyraja maclouiana* X under the subclass Elasmobranchii ibr all species 27. Bathyraja magella,iice" X of sharks, rays and skates. In contrast, 28. Bathyraja multispinis X Eschmeyer (1998) used a total of eleven orders 29. Bathyraja papilio,iifkru X under the class Elasmobranchii, with the 30. Bathyraja scaphiops X additional two orders being Pristiformes and 23. Dathyraja albomaci~lata* X Torpediniformes among the rays and skates. 35. Pso,nmobatis rionnani* X McEachran & 1)unn (1998) introduced new 36. Psa~r~mobatir;parvaeauda X combinations of scientific names for rajid species. 37. Psan~mobatisrudis X These authors firstly subdivided the family 24. Batl~yrajnbroehyurops* X X 12. Ambyraja doellojiiradoi X X Rajidae into two subfamilies Rajinae and 14. Ilipturus j'Zouirostrisi; X X Arhynchobatinae, and secondly they elevated all 22. Atlontoraja plataria XXX former subgenera of Raja and Gurgesiella to 4. Discowge tsehodii" ""; XXX generic rank. Authors worldwide have followed 16. Dipturus tracliydunna'* X X this concept already, and we have also adopted 31. Batl~yrajasclirwderi X it for this paper. Ilence, the former subgenera of 47. Dasyatis cf pustinaca X Raja, namelyAmblyraja,Atlantoraja, Dipturus, 13, Arnblyraja lierichsi X Rajella, Rioraja, and the nominal subgenus 40. Syrnpterygia at:uta X X Gurgesiella, are being used here at generic rank 41. Sympterybiia bonaparttri X X for the specific names of southwcstern Atlantic 11. Zapteryz brevimstris X X rajid species. 32. Psa,mnobatis bergi X X 39. Rioraja agassizi X X The first comprehensive systematic work on 20. Atlanloraja castclrtaui X X Argentine batoids is Norman (1937), but he 33. Pssarnmobatis extriita X X included only Patagonian species. To date, the 51. C?,niiura altavela X X Argentine batoid fauna is composed of 38 species I ?hrpednpuelcl~a X X of 6 families (including Ithinobatidae) (Table I), 54. Myliobatis freminvillei X X of which by far the largest is the Rajidae 55. Myliobatis goodei X X (Itinyelet & Arimburu, 1960; Stehmann, 1970, 34, Pssarr~mobatislentiginosa X X 1978; Menni, 1972b, 1973; McEachran, 1983; 38. Psa,nmobatis rutrum X X Menni et al., 1984). 8. Rhinobatos hoinrlii XXX The Brazilian hatoid fauna is composed of44 21. Atlantoraja r:ycEophora XXX 6. Prktispectinata XXX species of 7 families (Table 1) (Fowler, 1941; 5. Narcine brasilie,isis XXX Bigelow & Schroeder, 1953; Jl'igueiredo, 1977; 44. Dasyatis cwitroura XXX Rincdnet al., 1997). The largest family also there 58. hfobula hyposto,na XXX is Rajidae. Species of ljrotrygonidae and of pe- 5. Dipturus leploeuuda X nera Benthabatis, Diplobatis, Gurgesiella, 19. Rajella sadowskii X Rajella, ~etobatus,Rhinoptera and Manta are 18. Curgesiella dorsalifem X found off Brazil but do not occur in Argentine 2. Benthobatis sp. X waters (Mcnni el al., 1984). 10. Rhir~obatosprrcellrns X X 43. Da.s>'atis arnericana X X ZOOGEOGRAPHIC CONTEXT 46. Dasyatis guttala X X 48. Dasvatis say X X 52. Gymnura rniwura x x The main patterns of distribution and ecology 5% ~~~~b~~~~narirLari x x of Argentine marine fishes in general, and Mennz & Slehmo,in: Batozd fishes 71
PT BU SBD BR ATLANTIC OCEAN 56. Rhinoptera bo,ia,sus
49. ilasyatis uiolacen INDIAN PROViNCE 9. Ri~iiiobatosle,~tiginosus Biazili~nDistrict 17. Gurgesiello atlnntica 7. Pristis perolteli 3. Diplobatis pictus 45. Dasyalis geijshesi 50. Dasyat~ssp. 42. lJrotvgun niicrophthalnzu,n 57. Riiiiiopteru brasilierisis AMERICA I 60. Manta liirustris 2oes 59. Mobulo rochebruru~ei
batoids in particular, are clearly related with the two main zoogeographic provinces in the western South Atlantic. These are the Magellanic Province to the South and the Argentine Province to the North, with the border between them at about 42"s (Fig. 1).The Argentine Province includes a northern section, the South Brazilian District, and a southern one, the Bonaerensean District. It is a common usage among regional biogeographers to characterize the species according to their occurrence in one or the other province or dominion (Krefft, 1968; Menni, 1981). The definition of the provinces is enhanced Fig. 1. Zoogeographic zones along the Atlantic because of the cold temperate (subantarctic) coast of South America, including localities character of the former, and the warm temperate nlentioned in the text. Redrawn iiom 1,opez (subtropical) character of the latter. Menni & (1963, 1964). Gosztonyi (1982) and Menni & L6pez (1984) stated that the classic division in a Bonaerensean and a Magellanic fauna is extremely consistent, and zoogeographically convenient, as noted by Sea a Brazilian District of the Indian Provincc. many authors (Balech, 1962, 1964; Lbpcz, 1963, The Paulista and Tropical Provinces or Palacio 1964; Krefft, 1968).Within these faunas, further (1982) coincide with i,6pez's (1963) districts. associations oflower level (Fager, 1957; Margalef, 1984) are identified (Boschi et al., 1981; Menni SYNOPSIS OF SPECIES & Gosztonyi, 1982; lshino et al., 1983; Menni & Liipez, 1984; Iliaz do Astarloa et al., 1999). Superoder BATOIDEA Literature on Brazilian chondrichthyans usually Order T0RPE:DINlFOltMES does not refer to a formal zoogeographic concept, Suborder TORPEDSNOIDEI but instead uses the country division into north, Family TORPEDINIDAE northeastern, southeastern and southern coastal 1. Torpedopuelcha I,ahilie, 1926 states (Fig. 2). As stated above, the This species was named in a paper on the Southbrazilikn and the Bonacrensean Districts brain of a 104 cm length specimen found off the form the Argentine Province (an old name from coast oi'the Huenos Aires province. Lahille (1.928) Cook), with the southern limit at about 34"s. The provided morphology data, the dental formulae Southbrazilian District reaches northward to Rio (22-1-22125-1-9), measurements and other data de Janeiro (23"S). The latitude of Rio de Janeiro on internal organs. A cast, probably of this consistently appears to be a faunistic border, specimen, is in the exhibition at the Museo Ar- Lopez (1963) considers the rest of the Brazilian gentino dc Cicncias Naturales (Huenos Aires). IZeuzsta del Museo Argent~node Czenczas Naturales, n. s. 2 (11,2000
Fig. 2. Eastern South America showing Brazilian states and localities, including those mentioned in the text. International boundaries: . Brazilian states borders: - - -.
Cousseau & Bastida (19821, based on two water, as Krefft (1968) found it at 36'5 at 600 m females fiom Mar del Plata measuring 103 and depth. 104 em, provide a detailed redescription of T. The species occurs off Brasil at Santa Catali- puelcha comparing it with T. nohiliana.The first na and Rio Grande do Sul (Figueiredo, 1977). specimen weighted 16kg and was immature. The Vooren & Betito (pers. corn.) obtained a single stomach content was composed of fish remains, specimen of 2.8 kg weight in November 1983 at and the liver weight was 22.5 % ofthe specimen's 33"23'S, 5Z008'W, depth 49 m, temperature weight. 12.5"C, salinity 29.3 Ym. This species may rarely he found in coastal Other references: Lahillo, 1928 (des- waters offArgentina, because it inhabits deeper cription). Pozzi & BordalC., 1935 (36 to 39's on Mennz & Stehmann: Batold fishes 73 sand and mud bottom to 30 m depth). Bigelow & curuirostris and amphipods were found in the Schroeder, 1953 (key). Ringuelet & Arambnru, stomachs. Polychaetes were ingested with the 1960 (list). Menni et al., 1984 (key, list). tubes and isopods in a whole. Benthobatis sp. is an infauna feeder (Rinc6n & Vooren, 1997). Family NARCINJDAE 2. Benthobatis sp 3. Dzplobatispictus Palmer 1950 A new species of this genus (Rinc6n et al., in This species was described from off press), was bottom trawled from localities along Georgetown, British Guiana. Fechhelm & the South Brazilian coast: 27"25S, 47'06'W and McEachran (1984) revised the genus with 29"47'S, 47"48'W at 624 and 470 m depth detailed anatomical and phylogenetic studies.D. respectively (Rincon & Vooren, 1993). The origi- pictus is represented in Brazil by the type nal sample includes 38 females from 103 to 260 subspeciesD.pictuspictus occurring north of the mm and 40 males from 92 to 208 mm TL, but Amazon mouth from 2 to 130 m depth (Fochhelm actually t,herewere more specimens from totally & McEachran, 1984). 3 station%.This species had been found earlier during the German FRV < Table 2. Argentine batoids. Groups of species related to areas (groups of stations). Species listed according to UPGMA cluster analysis from a Jaccard matrix. Columns are numbers of stations occupied by a given spocies in an area as a percentage of the total number of stations within the same area (Modified from Menni and Lopez, 1984). Areas A to 1" as in Fig. 3. A R C D E F Widely distributed species B. brachyurops - 11.7 14.7 41.1 14.7 17.6 D,flauirostris 17.6 11.7 14.7 38.2 11.7 5.8 B. rnaeloviana - 10.7 7.1 50.0 21.4 10.7 Magellanie species B, albomaculata - 7.6 11.5 38.4 19.2 23.0 R. griseocauda - 4.5 22.7 27.2 18.1 27.2 A, d~~ellajuradoi - 13.3 13.3 20.0 20.0 33.3 B. scaphiops - - 11.1 44.4 22.2 22.2 B. magvllaniea - - - 42.8 42.8 14.2 B. multi,~pinis - - 37.5 25.0 12.5 25.0 Inner shelf mixed fauna R. agassizi 80.0 20.0 - - - - M. goodei 88.8 11.1 - -. - - A. cyclophora 80.0 20.0 - - - - S. bor~apartei 100.0 - - - - - D,lsehudii 71.4 14.2 7.1 7.1 - - Bonaerensean spocies A, castelnaui 100.0 - - - - - D. cf: pastinaca 100.0 - - - - - A. alatana 100.0 - - - - - 74 Revzsta del Museo Argentzno de Czenczus Naturules, n s 2 ili, 2000 I Table 3. Temperature and depth range of hatoid species associations offArgentina. (Modified from Menni and Ldpez, 1984). Species Temperatures PC) N Depth (m) 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9101112 Widely diskributed ...... B. braehyurops ::!if 34 82-104 D. flauirostris 58-435 B. maclouiana 82-505 Magellanic B. albomaculata B, griseoeaurla A. doellujuradoi B, scaphiops B. rnagellaniea B. multispinis Inner shelf mixed fauna R. agnssizi M. goodei A. cyclophora S. bonapartei D. tschudii Ronaerensean A. castelnaui D. cf: pastinaca A. platana Menni & Gosztonyi (1.982) considered it a 30 mm. Females with emhryos were observed Magellanic ibrm and included it in their < 1935 (listed, 38 to 39'8). Norman, 1.937 stomachs, with lower incidence of isopods and (Patagoriia). DeBuen, 1950 [Uruguay). Ringuelet carideans (Torres $ Goitein, 1987). Other obser- & Aramburu, 1960 (listed). Nani, 1964 (fish meal vations at the same locality showed thatN. brasi- industry, Mar del Plata). Nani & G. Alberdi, 1966 liensis had fed on polychaetes (85%), lish (29%) (abundsnce). Krefft, 1968 (occurrence in and crustaceans (ti(%), with a peak of feeding Magellanic Province). Olivier et al., 1968 activity at midnight and dawn (Costa, 1997). (ecological type). Cervigon & Gousseau, 1971 Reproduction. Off the northern part of the (Mar del Plata). Odemar & Silvosa, 1971 Parana State, 50% of specimens showed near (abundance). Iwai et al., 1972 (Patagonia). term embryos, as also those ofRhinoptera sp. and Castello & Tapia Vera, 1973 (reference). Mobula sp. (Chaivet & Moreira, 1993). Gosztonyi & Menni, 1978 (localities). Stehmann, Other references: Lahilie, 1921 (nominal). 1.978 (key). Menni &Lopez, 1979 (occurring with Pozzi & Bordali., 1935 (3~~30'S, sand and mud I'olyprion americanus). Cousseau & Bastida, to 30 m depth). Bigelow & Schroeder, 1953 (key, 1982 (reference). Iraidi el al., 1984 (electroplate references). Ringuelet & Aramburu, 1960 (list). ultrastrilcture). Menni et al., 1984 (list, key). Stehmann, 1978 (key). C~~usseau& Bastida, 1982 (reference). Menni et ai, 1984 (list, key). 5. fircine hrasiliensis (Olfers, 1831) There is only a reference by Lahille (1928) Order PRISTIFORMES for Argentina from isla Verde environs, Buenos i'amily PRISTIDAE Aires Province. Remaining Argentine references 6. Pristispectinata Latham, 1794 are all nominal, In recent times, the species has The only information for Argentina on this been reported from off several localities along the species is by Lahille (1906, 1921), who (1921) Brazilian coast, including Rio Grande do Sul obtained it at Mar dei Plata twice: < Argentino de Ciencias Naturales (I1.P Castello, (Castellanos, 1967). Specimens between 30 and pers. corn.). It is considered a threatened species 130 cm TL permanelitly inhabit coastal areas (Rosa, 1997b feeding on juvenile and adult Engraulis anchoita but not on its larvae (Angelescu, 1982). Order RHYNCIIOBATIFORMES Off Rio de Janeiro (Brw~il),most frequent prey Inter-tae sedis, formerly in family RIilNOBA'I'IDAE groups were crustaceans and annelids, followed 8. Rhinobatos horkelii Miiller & Henle, 1841 by lancelets, mollusks and fish, Mature females The first Argentine reference to a species of have a wider food range than immature ones, Rhinobatos is from Berg (18951, who quoted without large seasonal differences. In contrast Rhinobatus undulatus from Mar del Plata (Ar- both, mature and immature males have similar gentina), and Montevideo and Maldonado (Uru- trophic habits, though mature males preferred guay). He stated that "this species enters also crustaceans especially during spring. No the Rio do la Plata and reaches the HuenosAires significant differences were observed between harbor, where it has been fished at several males and females (Batista, 1984). In the same occasions". Due to environmental changes, the area at Cabo Frio envir~iiis,122 iishing vessels 8 species is no longer round at the latter loca- to 15 m long using mz~irrlygillnets made 377 tions. landings. The total catch -\its 16,506 kg, of which Prohably following Bigelow & Schroeder 342 kg were rays, over i~iiii'ofthese Rhinobatos (19531, liinguelet & Aramhuru (1960) reported sp. (Pimenta et al., 19931. Specimens collected 12.percellens for Argentina. Refi (1973)noted that with otter trawl off matuba (Brazil1 had fed the Rhinobatos species occurring there is mysidaceans, caridean and penaeids crustaceans referable to I?. horlzelii, already reported from (Torres & Goitein, 1987, pers. corn.). southern IIIrazil (Sadowsky, 1971). Reproduction.Lessa & Vooren (1982) stated Bigelow & Schroeder (1953) stated that that mating, ovulation, gestation and birth ofR. nothing was known of the species' habits. Refi horlzelii off southern Brazil (30 - 34's) take pla- (1973) described material from Mar del Plata (3 ce in the shallow coastal waters from November Cemales, November 1970, and 3 females, January to March, because the high summer tempe- 1971). Her data included a 1187 mm female, so ratures (22 - 24'43 are essential for embryonic that R. horkelii is the largest guitarfish in the development. western Atlantic. The coastal fishery catches K. ho~.keliiat a Along the Brazilian coast, the species has critical point in its life cycle, exploiting almost been reported from Rio Crandc do Sul (Vooren exclusively the Cemales at a late stage of & Lessa, 1981 a,b; I-laimovici &Perez l-labiaga, pregnancy, when these form dense and vulnera- 1982; Carneiro &Vooren, 19861, Itajai (Kotas el hie concentrations in shallow water. In view of al., 1995), the estuariiie complex of the the low individual fecundity (6 - 12 pups), the Paranagua Bay (Barletta & Correa, 1989), the stock ofthis species will only sustain the present Parana State (Charvet, 1995) and Ubatuba in level of adult female mortality (instantaneous the Silo Paulo State (Cunningham, 1989; rate Z= 0.73,if thejuvenile mortality maintains Cunninghamet al., 19911, but not further north. a low level (instantaneous rate M=0.24) (Lessa R. horkelii is found among the by-catch fau- & Vooren, 1982). Trawl fishing between 34"lO' na captured together with the shrimp Pleoticus to 31"50'S and 28410' to 31°50'S at 108 to 530 m muelleri in the Bonaerensean District. Bottom obtains 17 species of sharks and 12 of skates and water temperature and salinity in the fishing rays. If this fishery fails to catch 12, horlzelii and area ranged from 20.1 to 22.g°C and from 30.06 the deep migration hypothesis is excluded, the to 33.7 %o at depths from 5 to 20 m (Hoschi & low abundance is due to high fishing mortality Sceko, 1967). Gosztonyi (1981) observed this and a serious problem ofoverexploitation become species at 3So58.8'S at 44 m depth and a bottom obvious (Vooren et al. pers, corn.). The species temperature of 17.7"C. Itis iishedround the year has recently been included in the IUCN Red List off Mar del Plata (Nani, 19641, where it behaves as "critically endangered" (Lessa & Vooren, 1998; as a bottom dwellillg fish burrowingin the ground Shooton, 1999). (Olivier et al., 1968). Applying the Beddington model, with age of Feeding habits. R. horkelii feeds on Octopus first recruitment TR= 4 years, fishing mortality tehuelchus, on the decapod crustacean Pleoticus F= 0.6 and natural mortality M= 0.2, the result muelleri, other Natantia decapods, isopods and is a Spawning Stock Biomass of R. horhelii off polychaetes (Refi, 19731, and is one of twelve fish southern Brazil having decreased to 15 % of the species that fed on the squidLoligo sanpaulensis initial biomass (l'essa, 1989). Menni & Stehmann: Batoid fishes 77 Nani (1964) examined a 1213 mm TI, al., 1982 (fishery biology) Menniet al., 1984 (key, immature female of 8 kg weight. Refi (1973) list) reported a female of 1187 mm TId and 6.9 kg weight with two embryos in the left uterus and 9. Rhinobatos lentiginosus Carman, 1880 four in the right one. Eight ova reached 15 mm Rigelow & Schroeder (1953) stated a diameter. The maximum sustainable yield offthe distribution of Rhinobatos lerrtiginosus from Bonaerensean coast is estimated at 2700 tons Yucatan to Cape Lookout, North Carolina, and (Otero el al., 1982). said this species were not likely to have been Lessa (1982) has provided a full account on overloolied, because of its color pattern, if also the species in Brazilian waters. Females occurring olTBrazil. Lessa (1986) reported it first appeared as deep as 1.00 m depth off Rio Grande from the State of MaranhSo. Only an immature do Sul during 1981. Both ovaries were found male of 55.8 cm TL and 0.51 kg weight was found Cunctional. Gestation is aplacentary with large there in October 1995, the species thus being the yolk sacs (lecitotrophic). Vitellogen follicles least frequent of19 species (Lessa & Menni, 1994; appear first at female size over 90 cm TI,. From Menni & Lessa, 1998).Tire species has fkequeutly that size onward, the nidamental gland grows been caught in coastal "~\iitersfrom Pernambuco allometrically and shows seasonal size variation to CearE (Lessa et al., l.!)!f5; I.,essa el al., 1999). related to ovulation, with larger sizes from December to Marcli. Females were found 10. Khiiiobatospercellerzs Walbauin, 1792. pregnant from 91 cm total iength onward, and Bigelow & Schroeder (1953) sLated that this all females over 119 cm TL reproduced only once species, described originally from Brazil, ranged a year. The duration of the reproductive phase fiom northern Argentina to the Caribbean. As of females is 5 years, the accumulated offspring said above, the common Rhinobatos species (number) is 30. Ovarian development and occurring off Argentina is K. horkelii. Off Brazil, gestation happen simultaneously; the largest size R. percellens was reported from the Paranagui of oocytes is found between September and Bay, other localities in the Parana State (Barletta February. The number of oocytes is definitive by & Corrca, 1989; Charvert & Moreira, 1993; November, and ovulation takes place during Cha~vet,1995 -doubtful-), Caiianeia iii the State following April. During this month, littering, of SBo Paulo (Gonzalez, 19951, San Salvador dc mating, ovulation and fertilization, as well as the Bahia (Queiroz et al., 1993), the State of beginning of gestation, take place in a quick Pernambuco (Guedes et al., 1989), Paraiba sequence in coastal waters at 5 to 15 m depths. (Gadig, 1993) and the northern states of Para Gravid females disperse after mating to beyond and Amapi (Alves de Oiiveira, 1975). 50 m depth. Uterine eggs remain unevolveduntil the following December, when females return to 11..Zapleryx breoiroslris (Miiller & Henle, 1341) coastal waters and development of embryos Nani (1964) reported Zapteryx l~reuirostris starts to be completed by the following April. The first time for Argentina. Before, it was only period from fertilization to birth is almost 12 known from Rio do Janeiro environs and Rahia, months, but embryonic development itself takes Brazil (Bigelow & Schroeder, 1953). The species only 4 months (See details in Lessa et al., 1986, does not occur farther south than the and Lessa el al., 1997). Largest size off Brazil Bonaerensean Ilistrict. Gosztonyi (1981) reported was 129 cm in 1981 (Lessa, pers. corn.). Vooren it between 37'01.6' and 38's and from 56'02.2' (1.992)discussed reproductive strategies of eight to 56'58.5' W at bottom temperatures from 9.8 viviparous elasmobranchs fiom Brazil, including to 18.8'C and 26 to 136 m depth. R.horizelii, stating that in lecitotrophs, fecundity Along the Brazilian coast it has been reported and relative body size at birth were inversely from Kio Grande do Sul (Figueiredo, 19771, the correlated, due to limited annual production of State of Parana (Charvet, 1995; Charvet & reproductive biomass. Moreira, 19931, andin the State of Sfio Paulo iiom Other references: Devincenzi, 1920 (Uru- Cananeia (Gonzales, 1995) andmatuba environs guay). I,ahille, 1921 (list). Marelli, 1934 (list). (Cunningham, 1989; Cunningham et al., 1991). Devincenzi & Rarattini, 1926 (IJruguay). Marini, Nani (1964) sampled a female of 657 mm TL 1929 (list). Pozzi & Bordale, 1935 (list). Lbpez, and 1.97kg with four embryos and a mature male 1947 (anatomy). Castello, 1971 (photograph, of 1.27 kg at Mar del Plata, where the species is reference). Browneel et al., 1973 (off Uruguay). absent in July and August (winter). Castello Ringuelet, 1975 (occasionaly entering fiesh (1971) examined 31 females and 47 males, also water). I,essa, 1982 (biology in Brazil). Otero et from Mar del Plata, and provided a detailed 78 Revista del Museo Argentina de Ciencius Naturales, n. s. 2 ilj, 2000 redescription, based on 7 males and 3 females ovary during a single reproductive cycle. A mean with total length from 550 to 600 mm and 1.15 of 3 eggs andlor embryos developed in each to 1.56 kg weight. He counted 134 and 135 total uterus, with 6 specimens per litter and cycle. vertebrae. Based on his own and unpublished Gravid females were found during the sampling data ficm Nani, he reported total lengths for both period toward the northern localities, where the sexes between 429 and 661 mm. The largest male mean water temperature was 18.91°C. Young measured 635 mm and weighted 1.465 kg, the specimens occurred at 35 m depth, with a mean smallest one was 505 mm and 0.77 kg. The water temperature of 19.41'~.Both groups were largest female measured 661 mm and weighted captured over fine sand hottoms. 1.924 kg, the smallest one 429 mm and 0.65 kg. Within the same area, maximum sizes were Feeding habits. Most ol' 57 analyzcd 53.6 cm for males and 99.2 cm for females. specimens showed a full stomach. Small Monthly average size (em) of newborn individuals lteptantia decapods wore observed with 64.9 % were 13.6 (July), 15.1(August), 16.6 (September), frequency, polychaete worms wit,h 61.4%,, 17.7 (October), 18.1 (November) and 22.9 , . Natantia decapods with 40,3%, lance let,^ (,January) Amorim et al. (1!3!17). ' (Branchio,stomn platae) with 38.6%>,amphipods Parasites. The following intestinal parasites with 28% and isopods with 24.5%. Percentage of have been reported: 11 pleurocercoid of fishes was low (15.7%) and included Prionotus Phyllobolrium, Echinohoirium pigmentatam, sp, and Pinguzpes sp. (Castello, 1971). Acanthobotri~~mzapterycuinandAcanthobotrium In the Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) littoral, more sp.(Cestods) (Ostrowsky do Nuiiez, 1971). kequent groups in the food of Z. Oreuirostris were Other references: Refi, 1973 (Rhinobatoids crustaceans and annelids, ibllowed by lancelets, key). Menniet ul., 1984 (key, reference). Ratista, mollusks and fish. Mature females have a wider 1987 (length-weight relationship). range of prey items than immature ones, without large seasonal differences.In contrast both, mature Ordor HAJIFOItMES and immature males have similar trophic habits, Family RAJIDAE thoi~ghmature males preferred crustaceans Subfamily RAJINAE especially during spring (Ratisla, 1984). 12. Amblyraja doellojoradoi (I'ozzi, 1935) Reproduction and maturity. Ponz Louro This rather common species in Magellanic & Rossi-Wongtschowsky (1991) reported data waters, was described by Pozzi (1935,1936) froin from 72 otter trawls performed during 2 years at 39'2'3 and 56OW. Norman (1937) provides good 15, 30 and 50 m depth off the Ubatuha coast in illustrations and material catch data from 45'45' the SBo Paulo State, Brazil. Eighty-six females to 52'53'S and5g035' to 64'19' W. Tahle 4 shows of 13 to 54 cmTL were examined.This viviparous species has both ovaries functional and reaches 50% mat~irityat 44 cm TL. A group of 4 oocytcs, Menm & Gosztonyl (1982) found it only once at each of 10 to 30 mm diameter, developed in each 152 m depth and bottom temperature of 4 5°C Tahle 4, A, doellojuradoi. Environmental data. A: Iwai et al. (1972), B: Menni & Gosztonyi (1978), C: Cotrinart al. (1976), D: Gosztonyi (1981), E: Menni et al. (1981). "long the slope from Ruenos Aires Province to the Burwood Bank. Ref Ternp~rature("C) Depth (m) 1;ocality N Surface Bottom Menni & Stehma~zn: Batoid fishes 79 13. Amblyraja frerichsi (Krefft, 1968) This species was described from the slope off Argentina, from 35'43' S and 52'43' W at 1000 m depth. Depth range is from 600 to 1000 m (mean 800 m, N= 6, ' 14. Dipturw flauirostris (Philippi$ 1892) Norman (1937) provided a redescription, fi- gures and distribution data ofthis species under the widely used combination Raja flauirostris. Stehmann (1970) proposed the subgeneric assignment. Pequeno (198h), following De Buen (19591, used for this species the nameD. chilensis (Guichenot, 1848). We consider this practice inadequate under Article 23c and Article 79b of the ICZN. D. flauirostris is a species with a wide distribution in the Argentinean Sea, where it is found at least from 34'35's (Menni, 1983; Menni & Gosztonyi, 1982; Menni &Lopez, 1984) to the southern tip of Argentina and also off Chile. According to Bellisio et nl. (1979), it is the most Fig. 3. Areas occupied by elasmobranch abundant rajid species. Table 5 provides communities (Table 2) in the Argentine Sea. environmental parameters. Agreeing with this, Cluster analysis (UPGMA) from a Jaccard matrix Menni & Gosztonyi (1982) placed D. fZauirostris of data from the 1978 "Shinkai Maru" cruise in their Group IV 'Widely distributed species", (From Menni and Lhpez, 1984). stating that the species spreads to the norih to the latitude of Mar del Plata (38's). Data from 58 stations (Japanese RN "Orient Maru I", November- December 1976 cruise) provide a bottom temperature range from 4 to 13.5OC and In the same paper they consider a < Table 5. D. flauzrostns. Environmental data. A: Iwai et al. (1972), B: Menni & Gosztonyi (19771, C: Gosztonyi (1981), D: Menni et al. (1981). *Sout of Ruenos Aires lo 53"s ltef Temperature ("C) Depth (m) Lacallty N Surface Bottom (distribution). Menni & Gosztonyi, 1977 The species occurs also in Chile (Leible, 1987). (accompanying fauna of D. trachyderma). Leihle & Stehmann (1987) presumed that the Stehmann, 1978 (reference). Bellisio, 1982 species (like D. flauirostris), is continuously (reference). Menni et al., 1984 (key, list). distributed in Patagonian waters on the Atlantic, Gosztonyi, 1979 (Tierra del Fnego). Menni & as well as on the Pacific side. Lopez, 1979 (captured with Schedophilus Other references: Stehmann, 1978 (key). griseolineatus). Gosztonyi, 1981 (distribution). Menni, 1981 (distribution). Menni & Gosztonyi, Menni, 1981 (distribution). Menni et al., 1981 1982 (associations). Lloris & Rucabado, 1991 (distribution). Angelescu & Prenski, 1982 (taxonomy, distribution). (captured with, and predator ofM. hubbsi). Lloris & Rucabado, 1991 (taxonomy, distribution). 17. Gurgesiella atlantica (Bigelow & Schroeder, 1962) 15. Dlpturus leptocauda (Krefft & Stehmann, This species occurs in the equatorial Atlantic 1975) along the northeastern coast of South America This species was described from a small from Venezuela to about the Amazon mouth juvenile holotype only from off southern Brazil (Hulley, 1972). (24°21'S,43054'W) at 500 m depth, with a bottom temperature of 9.56 OC and 34.673 %o salinity. 18. Gurgesiella dorsalifera McEacbran & Compagno, 1980 16. Dipturus trachyderma (Krefft & Stehmann, This species was described from off Rio de 1975) Janeiro and Florianirpolis (23'44'5-42"08'W, This species was described from 49'5 and 23'5O'S-42"W, 24'28'S-43"43'W, 30"03'S-47'44'W). 5z0W, between 195 and 200 m depth and a Depths ranged from 500 to 800 m, bottom bottom temperature of 5.7'C. Menni & Gosztonyi temperatures from 4.99 to 8.1O"C and salinity from (1977) reported the species from three stations 34.247 to 34.540 '%m It was reported later from placed between 47'36' to 49'05' Sand 60'45' to nearby localities at 21"31.42'S, 40°06.83W and 61'12 W. Surface temperatures ranged from 7.5 23"46.73'S, 42010.05W (Seret &Andreata, 1992). to 8.2'C and bottom ones from 4.0 to 5.5O~at Reproduction and Feeding. Both ovaries depths from 191to 281 m. The 1978 RN< Aramburu, 1960 (list). Nani, 1964 (Mar del Pla- Other references: Lahille, 1895 (Punta tai. Nani & G. Alberdi, 1966 (Mar del Plata). Lara, near La Plata. Though this old report may Krefft, 1968 (Argentinean Province). Hulley, 1972 be correct, meanwhile the species no longer (reference).Menni, 197210 (subgenusAllantoraja, occurs there, since the location became a polluted list). Menni, 1973 (description, clasper). area). Ringueletet al., 1967 (occasionally in fresh Stehmann, 1978 (key). Menni et al., 1984 (list, water, probably based on Lahille report). key). Bellisio et al., 1979 (distribution, Stehmann, 1978 (key).Menni et al., 1984 (listed, abundance). Amorim et al., 1997 (off Ubatuba, key) Rinchn et al., 1997 (list). Stio Paulo). Rinchnet al., 1997 (list). Gadig, 1998 (Stio Paulo). 23. Bathyraja albomacalata (Norman, 1937) This species was obtained by the RIV 22. Atlantoraja platana (Gunther, 1880) ,.Discovery,> from an area between 61'44' to This species was described based on a 53O30'S and 58'27' to 64'19711 at 137 to 403 m specimen obtained by the RN < 64' to 64'58.8' W) at 60 to'l49 m depth, with a The distribution of the species covers all the surface temperature of 14.1°C and bottom ones width of the shelf between 52 and 54OS, waters from 12.6 to 13.5OC (Zaro, 1979). It was Sound at around Malvinas and the Burdwood Bank. North the same Gulf at 181 m depth with surface and of 52O5, it occurs on the edge of the shelf to 41% bottom temperatures of 11.5 and ll°C (Bellisio et al., 1979). See environmental data in respectively (Menni et al., 1981). A.platana is a Table 6. 08' Chile, B. albomaculata has been member of the "Strictly Bonaerensean fauna" reported from Isla Guamblin, Aysen (45'043, association (Menni & Lopez, 1984) in Argentina, 75'27'W) (1,amilla G., 1986). but occurs off southern Brazil at Santos (Toin& Other references: Ringuelet & Aramburu, & Tutui, 1991) and at least to 23% (Stehmann & 1960 (list). Far Seas Res. Lab., 1976 (description, Menni, pers. obs.). The species is trawled off color photograph). Iwaiet al., 1972 (distribution). southern Brazil between 30'40' and 34'30's &om Cotrina et al., 1976 (distribution). Stehmann, 10 to 100 m depth throughout the year. It has an 1978 (generic reallocation, key). Menni & annual reproductive period, laying eggs from Gosztonyi, 1978 (distribution). Gosztonyi, 1981 January to September with a peak in January (distribution). Menni et al., 1981 (distribution). (Peres & Vooren, 1993). In the same area A. Menni et al., 1984 (list, key). Stehmann, 1986 platana is rare north of 26OS, and occupies a (generic morphotypes) Lloris & Rucabado, 1991 niche similar to A. cyclophora (Tomas & Tutui, (morphometry, distribution 1991). During the FRV < Table 6. B. albomaculata. Environmental data. A: Iwai et al. (19721, B: Cotrina et al. (1976, C: Menni & Gosztonyi (19771, D: Menni & Gosztonyi (1978), E: Gosztonyi (1981), F: Menni et al. (1981), G: Menni & Gosztonyi (1982), I*: Menni & 1,opez (1984). * Most captures between 100-200 m, only seven in the slope. Surface Bottom Maru. (Menni & Lopez, 1984). These papers (distribution). Stehmann, 197813 (comparison provided frequencies of occurrence ofthis species with B. rneridionalis). Bellisio et al., 1979 in different areas characterized by defined ranges (distribution, abundance). Menni & Lopez, 1979 of temperature and depth (Table 7). (captured with Schedophilus griseolineatus). Though being a Magellanic species, A. Gosztonyi, 1979 (Tierra del Puego). Gosztonyi, brachyurops occassionally occurs at the coasts of 1981 (distribution). Menni et al., 1.981 the Buenos Aires Province and southern Brazil (distribution). Menni et al., 1984 (key, list). (Menni, 1973; Figueiredo, 1977; Menni, 1981; Stehmann, 1986 (generic morphotypes). Lloris & Menni & Ldpez, 1984). It is also found off Chile Rucabado, 1991 (taxonomy, distribution). from Valdivia to the Strait of Magallanes (Mann F., 1954). Pequeiio & 1,amilla (1985) reported it 25. Bathyraja griseocauda (Norman, 1937) from 51°00'06"S, 75'44.2' W at 122-1.24 m. This species was described from material Other references: Norman, 1937 captured by the RN < Table 7.B. brachyurops. Environmental data.A: Iwaiet a1. (19721, B: Menni & Gosztonyi (1978), C: Gosztonyi (19811, D: Menni et al. (1981), E: Menni & Gosztonyi (1982), F: Menni & L6pez (1984). Ref. Temperature ("C) Depth (m) Locality N Surface Bottom 84 Reuzsta del Museo Argentzno de Czenczas Naturales, n s 2 (li,2000 Table 8. B. griseocauda. Environmental data. A: Iwai et al.(19721, B: Menni & Gosztonyi (19781, C: Menni & Gosztonyi (19781, D: Gosztonyi (19811, E: Menniet ul. (19811, F: Menni & Gosztonyi (1.9821, G: Menni & L6pw (1984). * 57% captures between 100 and 200 m. Temperature PC) Depth !m) Locality N Surface Bottom na)) by Menni & Gosztonyi (1982). It was not (distribution). Menni et al., 1984 (list, key). rbundnorth of'43'S on the shelf, but Krefft (1968) Stehmann, 1986 (distribution, generic reported it from 37's at 300-600 m. A similar morphotypes). Lloris & Rucabado, 1991 pattern was obtainedfrom -Kaiyo Maru. samples (taxonomy, distribution) (Bellisio et al., 1979; Menni & Lopez, 1984). A reference from Antarctica (Springer, 1971) at 26. Bathyraja maclouiana (Norman, 1937) about 64'S, 62'~,94 m, lac, does not refer to Described by Norman (19371 from localities B, griseocauda but to an undescribed species between 45'45' to 52'23's and 59'35' to 64'45'W (Stehmann, 1985). at 151 to 311 m, the present combination was Other references: Ringuelet & Aramburu, proposed by Stehmann (1978). Table 9 shows 1960 (list). Iwai el al., 1972 (Patagonin). Menni, environmental parameters from capture 1972a (reference). Meilni & Gosztonyi, 1977 localities. This is a Magellanic species (Menni & (accompanying fauna ofDipturus trachyderma). Gosztonyi, 1982) widely distributed within the Menni & Gosztonyi, 1978 (distribution). province (Menni & Lopez, 1984). It also occurs Stehmann, 1978 (key). Stehmann, 1978 at 39'40'5 on the outer shelf (Menni et al., 1981; (comparison with B. meridionalis). Menni et al., Bellisio el al., 1979; Menni & Lopez, 1984). 1981 (distribution). Menni, 1981. (distribution). The first confirmed records from Chile were Gosztonyi, 1981 (distribution). Bellisio, 1982 at 61°00'06"S, 75'44.2'W, 122-124 m and 52'29.6' Table 9. B. maclouiana. Environmental data.A: Iwai el a1. (1972), B: Menni & Gosztonyi (1978), C: Meuni et al. (1981), D: Menni & Gosztonyi (19821, E: Menni & L6pez (1984). Ref. Temperature ('C) Deptii !m) Locality N SII~~ACF Rnttom - - 4.7 80 - 201 South of 44"s 11 - 3.5 -> 7.0 82 - 506 40"30'51°30'S 28 Menni & Stehmann: Batoid fishes 85 S, 67°18.3'W, 139-140 m (Pequeiio & Lamilla, Mann F. (1954) reported this species only from 1985). "Tierra del Fnego, Magallanes", but Pequefio & Other references: Ringuelet & Aramburu, Lamilla (1985) and Lamilla (1986) recorded it at 1960 (list). Iwaiet al., 1972 (distribution). Menni 42'48'5, 74°21W', at 140 m depth, ofl'Chile. & Gosztonyi, 1978 (distribution). Gosztonyi, 1981 Other references: Ringuelet & Aramburu, (distribution). Menni et al., 1984 (list, key). 1960 (list). Menni, 1972 (reference). Iwai et al., Stehmann, 1986 (generic morphotypes) 1972 (description, Patagonia). Gosztonyi & Menni, 1978 (distribution). Rellisio et al., 1979 27. Bathyraja magellanica (Steindachner, 1903) (distribution, abundance). Gosztonyi, 1979 (Tie- This species was originally described from rra del Fuego). Menni & Lopez, 1979 (occurring Puiita Arenas, Chile. Thompson (1916) found it with Schedophilus griseolineatus). Gosztonyi, at the eastern mouth of the Magellan's Strait, 1981 (distribution). Menni, 1981 (reference). this being the first report from Argentina. Menni et al., 1981 (distribution). Menili et al., Stehmann (1978) assigned its generic position. 1984 (list, key). Stehmann, 1986 (generic Norman (1937) provided a good description and morphotypes). Lloris & Rucabado, 1991 illustrations from malerial captured between (morphometry, distribution). 40'30' to 52O53'S and 61 to 65'0l'W. Table 10 summarizes environmental characterislics of 28. Bathyraja mulli.spinis (Norman, 1937) capture localities. Bellisio et al. (1979) found it Described from 51'39'8 and 62'0l'W at 197 between 48 and 54'5, including the Bnrdwood to 221 m, the present combination is from Bank. Data from this author, Menni & Gosztonyi Stehmann (1978j.Table 11 shows environmental (1982) and Menni & Lopez (1984) show that B. data from capture localities. Distributional data nzc~gellanicahas a somewhat more reduced from Bellisio et al. (1979) and authors quoted in distribution than other Magellanic species. the Table 11 legend suggest that B. maltispinis Distribution of SW Atlantic skates is a good has a more restricted distribution than other example how different species' distribution species. The species was captured in four of six patterns within a family may be within the same areas in the Argentine Sea considered by Menni general area (Table 2). During the 1978 cruise of & Lopez (1984), whereas B. albomaculata, B. the RVC'ShinkaiMarn",B. magellanica appeared griseocauda and Arnblyraja doellojuradoi, for only in six stations within a restricted example, were captured in six areas and in a temperature range of 3.5 to 5.5'~at depths from larger number of stations. A subadult male 973 51to 137m (Menni & Lopez, 1984). Krefft (1968) mm was reported from 50°09S, 55'44W, at 720- found it in deeper water (600 m) at 37'5, which 740 m depth, NE of Malvinas (Balushkin & documents the presence of Magellauic fish at that Gushchin, 1991). latitude but only in deeper waters, a general Other references:Ringuelet & Aramburu, pattern also observed in other organisms. 1960 (list). Gosztonyi, 1981 (distribution).Menni Table 10. B. magellanica. Envirollmental data. A:Menni & Gosztonyi i19781,B: Gosztonyi (1981), C: Menni et al. (1981), D: Menni & Gosztonyi (1982), E: Menni & Ldpez (1984). *Most between 92 to 150 m off Santa Cruz Province, aroundMalvinas and over the Burwood Bank, south of 47'5. Ref. Temperature ('C) Depth (mi Locality N Surface Bottom C 4.4 - 7.0 3.5 - 5.7 51 - 157 49"29'5I034'S 61"27'68"25'W 7 D 5 5 - 6.8 79 - 235 South of44"S 15 E - 3.5 -> 6.0 51 - 137 40"30'51"30'3 7 Revzsta del Museo Argentzno de Czenczas Naturales, n. s. 2 (11, 2000 Table 11. B. multispinis. Environmental data. A: Iwai et al. (19721, B: Menni & Gosztonyi (19781,C: Gosztonyi (1.9811, D: Menni et al. (1981), E: Menni & Gosztonyi (19821, F: Menni & L6pez (1984). Ref. Temperature ("C) Depth (m) Locality N Surface Bottom et al., 1981 (distrihi,t.ion).Menniet al., 1984(1ist, type localities at 1000 m.This species is relatively key). Iwai et al., 1972 (distribution). Gosztonyi abundant, with mature specimens at greater & Menni, 1978 (distribution). Gosztonyi, 1981 depth at Malvinas, and fished for eommorcially (distribution). Menni et al., 1981 (distribution). among other species, as B. meridionalis (J. Menni & Gosztonyi, 1982 (associations, Pompert, pers. comm.) environmental characteristics). Stehmann, 1986 Other references: Stehmann, 1987 (generic morphotypes). Stehmann, 1987 (comparison with B. meridionalis). (comparison with B. meridionalis). 30. Bathyraja scaphiops (Norman, 1937) 29. Rathyraja papilionifera Stehmann, 1985 Described by Norman (1937) from 45O45' to This species was described based on three 5~~29'5and 57' to 59'35'W at 146 to 347 m, its specimens obtained in June 1978 from localities generic assignment was by Stehmann (1970). This around 40'5 and 56"W, on the slope off Argenti- species is a component of the Magellanic fauna in na. Stehmann (1985) considered it as a deep the classic sense of Norman (1937) and as defined water species (< Table 12.B. scaphiops. Environmental data.A: Menni & Gosztonyi (19781,B: Gosztonyi (1.981). C: Menniet al. (19811, D: Menni & Gosztonyi (19821, E: Menni & L6pez (1984). Ref. Temperature PC) Depth (m) Locality N Surface Bottom A - 149 - 194 4921' 50"50'S 60"38'63"54'W 2 B 5.8 - 11.7 3.9 - 7.6 109 - 383 South of 45% 17 C 5.6 - 7.2 3 8 - 5.4 115 - 509 45"30'51"30'8 57"23'64"31'W 9 D - 4.3 - 6.8 149 - 191 South of 44" S 2 E - 3.8 - 6.0 115 - 505 45"30'5l03O'S 9 Mennz & Stehmann Batozd fishes 8 7 1978 (comparison with B. meridionalis). (1994). P.glansdissimilis McEachran, 1983 was Gosztonyi & Menni, 1978 (distribution). Bellisio described from the Southwestern Atlantic off et al, 1979 (distribution, abundance). Gosztonyi, Brazil, Uruguay and northern Argentina, from 1981 (distrihution). Menni et al., 1981 29'52' to 40's between 39 and 160 m depth. (distribution). Menni & Gosztonyi, 1982 Carvalho (19911, when critically reviewing the (associations, environmental characteristics). diagnostic features, stated that the upper cau- Menniet al., 1984(list, key). Menni &Lopez, 1984 dal were rather lower than second dorsal height, (associations, environmental characteristics). and the interorbital distance iarger than orbital Stehmann, 1986 (genericmorphotypes). Lloris & diameter, and subsequently Carvalho & Rucahado, 1991 (taxonomy, distribution). Figueiredo (1994) considered P. glansdissimilis a junior synonym ofP. extenta (see also underP. 31. Bathyaja schroederi (Krefft, 1968) rutrum). This species was described from the slope off the Rio de la Plata mouth, at 35'04' to 85'48' S 34. Psammobatis Lentiginosa McEachran, 1983 and 52'06' to 5~~48'W between 800 and 1000 This species occurs in the southwestern m. Krefft (1968) included the species in a Atlantic off Brazil, Uruguay and Argentina, from community typically occurring in tropical and 32 to 45% at 84 to 160 m depth. Off southern temperate waters, which at the province of Bue- Brazil it lives on sandy-muddy bottoms from 30 nos Aires latitude occurs only on the slope. Seret to 70 In, feeding on crustaceans (N= 20) (Tomas & Andreata (1992) reported a newborn female et al., 1989; Tomas & Tutni, 1991). 246 mm TL from 23'04'5 and 40°19'W at 2370- 2380 m depth. Apparently the species is 35. Psammobatis normani McEachran, 1983 ichthyophagons. This is a Magellanic species living off'Argen- Other references: Stehmann, 1970 (new tina from 40'22' to 50°10'S at depths from 70 to combination). Menni, 1981 (reference). 145 m, and probably in the southeastern Pacific Stehmann, 1978 (key). Menni et al., 1984 (list, off Chile (McEachran, 1983). key). Stehmann, 1986 (generic morphotypes). Stehmann, 1987 (comparison with B. 36. Psammobatis paruacaucla McEachran, 1.983 meridionalis). This is a Magellanic species, described on a female collected northeast of the Malvinas 32. Psammobatis bergi Marini, 1932 Islands (51'15'5, 57°16'W) at 120 m depth. It is This species was described from the Atlantic only known from the type locality. southeast of Punta Piedras (Buenos Aires Province, Argentina). Considered a synonym of 37. Psammobatis rudis Gunther, 1870 P. extenta (Garman, 1913) by Norman (1937), it McEachran (1983) revalidated this species was revalidated by Roux (1979). It was found off from the synonymy ofP. scobina (Garman, 1913; Uruguay and Argentina, from 23'43' to 38'25's Norman, 1937). It is distributed in the at 31 to 81 m (McEachran, 1983).Amale specimen Southwestern Atlantic off Argentina from 41' to 132 em TL captured with a dredge at 50 m depth 52'45's from 80 to 127 m. off Rio de Janeiro (42'19'S, 22'59'W) (Lopez, Pequefio & 1,amilla 11985) reported it for the P.R.D., 1987, pers. eom.) seems to he the Eastern South Pacific oii' Chile at 51°00'06"S, northernmost report. Its presence has also been 75'44.2'W from 122 to 144 m. These authors reported from off southeast and south Brazil and correctly stated that species of Psamnzobatis Uruguay (Paragb & Carvalho, 1997). reach more northern latitudes in the Atlantic Other references: Menni, 1972 (clasper than in the Pacific. McEachran (1983) and Pe- anatomy, sub P. scobina). Stehmann, 1978 queiio & Lamilla (1985) consider thatP. scobina, (reference). Menni et al., 1981 (distribution). which morphologically is very much alike, does Gosztonyi, 1981 (distribution). Menniet al., 1984 not occur in the Atlantic. Otherwise, Lloris & (list, key). Rinch et al., 1997 (list). Rucabado (1991) stated that both species are found in the Beagle Channel. 33. Psammobatis extenta (Garman, 1913) Parago & Carvalho (1997) have questioned 38. Psammobatis rutrum Jordan, 1890 the status of this species, considered as a Replacement name as senior synonym of P. synonym ofP. rutrum by McEachran (19831, hut extenta, according to McEachran (19831, who also a senior synonym of P. glansdissimilis synonymised the following taxa with P. rutrum: McEachran, 1983 by Carvalho & Figueiredo Raja erinacea (nee Mitchill) Miranda Riheiro, 88 Reursta del Museo Argentzno d~ Caenczas Naturales, n. s. 2 ill, 2000 1907;Malacorhina cirrifer Regan, 1.914 andRaja (1966) recorded it fromMar do1 Plata, and Krefft cirrifera Miranda Ribeiro, 1923 (See onP. extenta (1968) mentioned it entering the Magellanic above). Province from the North. Menni (1972) described P. rutrum is found in the Southwestern clasper anatomy. Menni (19731, based on the Atlantic off Brazil, Uruguay and Argentina Gom examination of the type material, stated that 22'56' to 42' S between 37 and 100 m depth Raja echynorhyncha Miranda Ribeiro, 1923 were (McEachran, 1983). a junior synonym, as is also the reference ofRaja c~gassizi(nec Miiller & Henle) by Devincenzi & 39. Rioraja agassizi (Miiller & tlenle, 1841) Barattini (1926). Off the Brazilian-liruguayan This species was reported for the first time border, the species was captured at temperatnres from off Argentina and Montevideo (Uruguay)by from 13.9 to 22.5'C and salinities from 30.84 to Berg (1895). For Cull references and the use of 33.4 %o. (Menni, 1973). Gosztonyi (1981) reported Rioraja see Menni (1973). The species occurs in it from 3g004'S, between 25 and 28 nl, with the Southbrazilian and Bonaerensean districts. surface and bottom temperatures of 18.5 and Observations oCf southern Brazil show its 18'C, respectively. occurrence at 50-55 m depth, with crustaceans S. acuta spends its entire life cycle in as major prey (N=25) (Peres & Vooren, 1993). It Southbrmi1ian shallow coastal waters (0-40 m is characteristic of the warm-temperate zone depth), being one of the most abundant fish (Briggs, 19741, and a common species within the species of the shallow zone throughout the year Argentinean Province (Menni, 1973, 1981). Its (Lessa & Vooren, 1982). This suggests a center absence wff Patagonia has been confirmed of abundance toward the north of its distribution (Bellisioet al., 1979). Gosztonyi (1981) and Menni range, as the species is by far not common off et ul., (1981) found it from 38" to 42'59's and Argentina. S. acuta becomes rare again at about from 56'58' to 62OW at 22 to 89 m depth, with the latitude of Santos (Rrasil) (24OS1, occurring surface temperatures from 8 to 18.4'~and to 60 m depth and approaching the coast in bottom ones from 6.8 to 18.8OC. Menni & summer, feeding on shrimp and fish (Tomas & Gosztonyi (1982) included it in their association Tutui, 1991). Sympterygiu acuta and the or Group I ~Bonaerenseanfaunan, since it was following species, S. Donapartei, are reported as obtained exclusively in area A at a station with the most inshore ones among 17 rajiform species 13.5'C at 46 m depth. Menni & Lopez (1984) known from the 1Zio Grande do Sul shelf (Queiroz found a slightly wider distribution, namely at five & Vooren, 1984). The two species live stations with lower temperatures of 6 to 10.5'C sympatrically, and occurred there throughout the from 22 to 89 m depths. Material trawled between year. Both were more abundant in number and 30'40' and 34'30's from 10 to 100 m depth off weight between 10 and 20 m depth. In spring southern Brazil shows thatR. agassizi occurs in 1980 they made up between 14 and 21 % of the the area throughout the year and has an annual total elasmobranch catch. Lower percentages reproductive period, with egg laying from were found during autumn 1981. The authors November to July peaking in January and cited suggested that abundance of both species February (Peres & Vooren, 1993). were adapted to large seasonal variation of Other references:Whitley, 1939 (subgenus oceanographic conditions. Rioraja). Bigelow & Schroeder, 1953 (key). Iteproduction.Ninety-one egg capsules with Menni, 1972 (key, list, clasper anatomy). KrefCt, embryos at different development stages were 1968 (zoogeography of the Argentine province). collected in 1981 at the Cassino beach (lZio Gran- Brownell et al., 1973. Sadowsky & Menni, I974 de) (32"10'S-52"05'W) (Queiroz, 1989).Duration of (ocurrence with A, platana). Suriano, 1.977 embryonic development and total length of young (parasites). Stehmann, 1978 (key). at hatching were evaluated by taking capsules from pregnant females and incubating them in 40. Sympterygia acuta Garman, 1877 aquarium. Observed embryonic stages were This species, endemic in the Argeniine between 7 and 18 (sensu Clark) and L to Q (sensu Province, was described with type locality u at Paraiba (Gadig, 1993) and from between 1' to (Krefft, 1968; Menni, 1972; McEachran, 1982). 450'5 (Alves de Oliverira, 1975).There are recent Tomas & Tutui (1991) stated that it occurs off reports Gom offthe states of Maranaho, Pari and Santos only south of 30"S, being more abundant Amapa. The species was captured with bottom at depth shallower than 50 m. Gosztonyi (1981) trawl and bottom gillnets between 8 and 25 m found it in numerous localities along the coast of depth (Lessa, 1997, Almeida, 1999). Z. Almeida the Province of Buenos Aires, Chubut and Santa has been collecting this species during last years Cruz (Argentina) to 51's between 26 and 100 m along the eastern coast of MaranhBo, where it depth, with surfice temperatures from 8.8 to seems to be rather abundant (Lessa, pers. corn.). 18.5'~and bottom ones from 6.5 to 18'C. Menni (1973) reported several specimens Gom 33'47S, Family DASYATIDAE 5s016W with 13.95'~and 30.84 %O salinity Subfamilv DASYATINAE Menni et al. (1981) reported it from eight 43. Dasyatis americana Hildebrand and stations (Japanese RN "Shinkai Maru", V cruise Schroeder, 1928 August-September, 1978) between 39'30' and This species ranges from New Jersey to Brazil 43O30'5, with surface temperatures from 9 to (Bigelow & Schroeder, 1953). We found it at 12'C and bottom ones from 7.55 to ll°C, with a 25"56S, 48"07W at 25 m depth (FRV "Waither continuous occurrence from 52 to 74 m depth, Herwig", 1968 cruise), somewhat south of San- 9 0 Reuzsta del Museo Argentzno de Cu znczas Naturales, n s 2 ili, 2000 tos,from whereit was reported also by Figueiredo el al. (1983). The species is very abundant off the (1977). It has been reported from Ubatuba Orinoco River mouth from 5.5 to 18 m, with a (Cunningbarn, 1989) and from Ilha do Medo, maximum size about 1 m disc width (Cervigdn, Bahia (Queirozet al. 1993a) and northward from 1966). Para and Amapa (Alves de Oliveira 1975) and D. geijskesi was reported from off MaranhZo Paraiha (Gadig, 1993). So it occurs nearly all in northern Brazil (Lessa, 1986; Garrido Martins along the Brazilian coast. Mating behaviour has - Juras et al., 1987; Alves de Oliveira, 1975), but been observed at Fernando de Noronha islands is not common there. Off MaranhBo, an adult (Mendes & Moura, 1999) male 58 cm disc width, 219 cm total length and 4.2 kg weight, and three females 50, 77 and 98 44. Dasyatis centroura (Mitchill, 1815) cm disc width, with weights of 2.6,15.3 and 14.1 This species was reported from Mar dei Pla- kg, respectively, were captured in an artisanal ta, Argentina, under this name by Nani & G. fishery (Menni & Lessa, 1998).Tho largest female Alberdi (19661, but asDasibatis marina from the was at the beginning of maturity Rio de La Plata (Devincenzi, 1925) and from the Uruguay River mouth and the Pocitos beach, 46.Dasyatisguttata (Bloch and Schneider, 1801) Mercedes department, Uruguay (Devincenzi & Menni & Lessa (1998) provided a review of Barattini, 1926) (Menni et al., 1984). Most of Brazilian reports and the biology of this species these reports are from well inside the Rio de la which ranges from Mexico and the West Indies Plata estuarine environment, but along its to southern Brazil (Cervigbn, 1966). Bigelow & northern side with marine conditions prevailing. Schroeder (1953) predicted that D. guttata is to Castello (1973a) commented on its presence, be expected anywhere in suitable localities from based on specimens caught with line and hook Rio de Janeiro to the Caribbean. This is on the beaches of Buenos Aires Province. A cast supported by many observations along the exhibited at the Museo Argentino de Ciencias Brazilian coast, including coastal waters off Naturales is over 3 m TL. Parana, Cananeia, Rio de Janeiro environs, Cervigon & Bastida (1974) provided data of a Bahia, Pernambuco, Paraiba, Para and Amapa female 174 cm disc width and 328 cm TL obtained (Barletta & Correa, 1989; Gonzalez, 1995; at Mar del Piatafrom mid-range offshore fishing, Cunningham, 1989; Queirozet al., 1993; Guedes as well as jaws photographs and designs of the et al., 1989; Gadig, 1993 and Alves de Oliveira, tubercular thorns. Their data agree with those 1975). given by Bigelow & Schroeder (1953). Castello & Individuals about 26 cm total length were Carrera (1973) reviewed reports and informal captured with gillnets during summer in the data on the presence of this species in the South Maraj6 Ray. The species was dominant in the Atlantic, concluding that its distribution off batoid fauna at the Araoca and Cuma Bays Brazil, Uruguay and Argentina ranges from 23' (Maranhso), where immature individuals to 38'303. They emphasize its antitropical measured 50 to 53 cm disc lengths (Lessa & distribution and provided good illustrations. Araujo, 1984). It has been reported from off southern Brazil Reproduction.Menni & Lessa (1998) stated (Carneiro & Vooren, 1986),Rio de Janeiro (Gomes that males from Maranhao become mature from et al., 1995) and San Salvador environs (13"20'S, about 51.5 cm disc width onward, with 3.4 kg 3~~04'~,Sim6es & Queiroz, 1997). The species weight. About a third of 15 females from 25 to 75 appears to be relatively abundant between 50- cm disc width were in the beginning of maturity 90 m depth. During the 1966 "Walther lle~wig" between December and March (the rainy season). cruise a specimen ofD. centroura 187 cmTL was Feeding habits. The diet of this species was captured at 35°S,52014*W (170 m depth, 16'C studied at San Salvador de Bahia environs bottom temperature). (Queiroz, et al. 1993b). In all 137 stomachs were Other references: Pozzi & Bordale, 1935 analyzed, 83 (60.59%) with food and 54 (39.41%) (reference). Refi, 1975 (reference). Menni, 1981 empty. Most common food items were (zoogeography). crustaceans of the families Alphaeidae, Penaeidae, Brachynra and Callianasidae, and 45. Dasyatis geijskesi Roeseman, 1948 poiychaetes. Lesser amounts ofIsopoda, Caridea, The holotype of this species was a juvenile Molluscs, Stomatopoda, Xanthidae, Callapidae, male 360 mm disc length and 340 mm disc width and Teleostei were also found. The Alphaeidae from Surinam, from were also reported by Uyeno has the larger value of Pinka's index. Menni & Stehmalzn: Batoid fishes 9 1 47. Dasyatis cf, pastinaca (LinnB, 1758) wrong, the locality being absolutely freshwater). It is noteworthy that the first Argentine Devincenzi & Barattini, 1926 (Uruguay). Menni references for this species, from Berg (1895) to et al., 1981(distribution). Menniet al., 1984 (key, Pozzi & Bordale (19351, used this name of a references, list). EuropeadEastern Atlantic species, in the same or different generic combinations (complete 48. Dasyatis say (Lesuenr, 1817) references in Refi, 1975). Apparently based on Rigelow & Schroeder (1.953) suggested that doubts for geographical reasons, the Argentine this species ranges from New Jersey (from where material since Ringuelet & Aramburu (1960) was it was described) and southern Massachusetts referred to 11. say, a Western Atlantic species to southern Brazil and < (Lessa, 1986; 1997; Stride el al., 1992; Lessa & offBuenos Aires, Chubut andnorth of Santa Cruz Menni, 1994; Melsni & Lessa, 1998) and San provinces from 26 to 85 m depth, with surface Salvador de Bahia environs (Simoes & Queiroz, temperatures from 13.3 to 18.8'C and 8.1 to 1996). The species is scarce along the coast of 18.8'C at the bottom. Maranhao during both the rainy and the dry M. goodei has been reported from southern seasons, and the second in abundance among the Brazil (Figueiredo, 19771, but samples of this batoids after R. bonasus, both about 0.6% of the species are composed of two morphotypes with total number of chondrichthyans. Sixmales from diflerent tooth morphology and biochemistry 110 to >153 cm TL were immature, and five (Vooren, pers. com.; Levy & Concei$ao, 1989). A females ranged from <75 to 163 cm Ti, (Menni & wide, apparently continuous variation of tooth Lessa, 1998). Its presence at reefs off Brazil was morphology has been observed off Argentina reported by Motta et al.. (1999). It is also known (Refi, 1975). from &om the Archipelago Fernando de Noronha Feeding habits. Refi (1975) provided data (Soto, 1997) and from the Atol das Rocas (Hazin from numerous specimens and described tbe et al., 1997). dentition and the clasper anatomy. She also indicated that M. goodei feeds on brachyuran 54. Myliobatis fren~inuilleiLe Sueur, 1824 decapods, stomatopods, isopods, synaptid Ringuelet & Aramburu (1960) reported this holotnrians, ascidians and polychaete worms of species for the first time fi.om Argentina. Refi the family Goniadidae and of the genera Glycem, (1975) rightly considered it scarce in the Eunice and Piromis. The species belongs to $110 Bonaerensean littoral, where she only obtained ecological type .benthic-wanderer (swimmer- two specimens in fifteen samples. Nani (1964) burrowing)>)(Olivieret al., 1968), and feedsupon registeredit in the area from Septensbcr to April adult Engraulis anchoita (Angelescu, 1982). Refi (1975) examined two females with 650 Reproduction. Six males were examined and 1062 mm disc width. The smaller one was measuring 320 to 460 mm DL and weighting 2.7 immature and weighted 11.6 kg. A male of608 to 4.64 kg. Three specimens showed well-calcified mm disk width weighted 3.75 kg. She included claspers, the larger with a testes size 70 x 15mm. complete Southwestern Atlantic references, Eight females of 305 to 555 mm (DL) weighted provided descriptions and measurements of two 0.24 to 12 kg. Ovaries in females 410 to 555 mm specimens, indicated the presence of yellowish DL measured 100 x 25 to 130 x 65 mm and dorsal spots in fresh specimens and described and contained oocytes of3 to 25 mm diameters. Only illustrated the dental plates and the clasper anatomy. Other references: Stehmann, 1978 (key). Menni et al., 1.984. (key, references). Other references: Angelescu & Boschi, 1959 (sub Leiobatus goodei, captured with Pleoticus 55. Myliobatisgoodei Garman, 1885 nzuelleri). Ringuelet & Aramburu, 1960 (listed). Devincenzi & Barattini (1926) first mentioned Nani, 1964 (Mar del Plata). Nani & G. Alberdi, this species for Uruguay. Off Argentina it is much 1966 (abundance, Mar del Plata). Castellanos, more abundant than the former species and also 1967 (predator on Lollgo sanpaulensis). Boschi than Dasyatis species. It occurs off Mar del Pla- & Scelzo, 1967 (presence). Boschi & Scelzo, 1969 ta throughout the year and was Ibund as far south (listed). Cervigon & Cousseau, 1971 (listed, Mar as 46'59's (Krefft, 1968; Castello, 1974; del Plata). Odeinar & Silvosa, 1971 (abundance Gosztonyi, 1981). It is known from estuarine at 42'5). lwai et al, 1972 (Patagonia). Moly & habitats, in Argentina in particular from the Ria Zaro, 1975 (accompanying fauna ofMenticirrhus de Aj6 in the Samboromb6n Bay (a brackish americanum). Menni & Gosztonyi, 1978 water environment) (Reii, 1973; Menni, 1983). idistribution). Hellisio et al., 1.979 (distribution, Many references for this species are quoted in abundance). Menni et al., 1984 (list, key). Menni et al. (1981). These authors reported M. gooclei from eight stations near the southernlimit 56. Rhinoptera bonasus (Mitchill, 1815) of the species' distribution. The surface This species has a wide distribution from temperature there ranged from 8 to 11.7'C and southern New England to middle Brasil (Bigelow the bottom one from 6.8 to ll°C from 22 to 181 & Schroeder, 19531, whereas Mould (1995) gave m depth. Total catch was 791.2 kg, with a single a more restricted range from New York to Flori- capture yielding 398 lrg at 59m depth. Gosztonyi da, northern Cuba andveneaucla to Brazil. The (1981) found the species at ten coastal stations species has been reported southward from off the 94 Reuzsta del Museo Argentzno de Czenczas Naturales, n. s. 2 (lj,2000 mouth of the Rio de la Plata (Vaz Ferreira et al., difficulties of its geographical delimitation have 1999), Uruguay and Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil) been often discussed (Menni, 1981 and above). (Vooren & Betito, pers. comm.), where it occurred Along the Brazilian coast,M. hypostoma has from August to April (Figueiredo, 1977). Along been recorded by Lessa (1986) and Garrido the coast of Brazil to the north, the species has Martins Juras et al. (1987) from coastal areas of been reported from ParanaguB Bay and environs the MaranhBo State (northern Brazil) and from (Barletta & Correa, 1989), Cananeia (Gonzaiez, shallow waters off Recife (Lessaet al., 1995).Soto 19951, San Salvador de Bahia (Queiroz el al., (1997) reported it from the Archipelago Fernan- 19931, Sergipe (Araujoet al., 19951, Recife (Lessa do de Noronha. et al., 1995) and MaranhBo (Lessa, 1986). Crustaceans of the families Caiigidae and The species made up 8.3% of elasmobranch Chondrachantidae were found parasiting M. weight in the fishery off Paranagua. It was hypostoma captured off southern Brazil (Knofl captured at the coast ofRecife between 2 and 10 et al., 1.993). m depth as the third most abundant batoid species in number (10 specimens) after A. 59. Mobula rochebrunnei Vaillant, 1879 narinari (150) and D. guttata (401 throughout a This species was known only from the eastern year's sampling (Lessa et al., 1995). Atlantic, until Barletta et al. (1989) reported a Catches along the coast of MaranhBo were pregnant female from south of SBo I-'auIo, with made mainly during the rainy season in disc 134 cm wide and 74 cm long, and 76/76 tooth December 1984 and January 1985. Males were rows were counted. The specimen was captured mature at 89.2 cm DW, with claspers calcified with a drift gillnet ncar the Palmas Island in and testicles weighting more than 90 g. Females front ofthe estuarine complex of Paranagud Bay larger than 54 cm DW showed developing eggs (25"311S, 48"15'W). The embryo appeared close to in the ovary and evidence of previous ovulation. birth, with a disc width and length of 57 and 30.5 A considerable degree of sexual segregation was cm, respectively Both jaws bore teeth. This is the noted, and males were more ahundant than first report of the species from the WesternAtlantic females (5:l) (Menni & Lessa, 1998). (Barletta et al., 1989). A second specimen was reported by Chawet (1995) from off the Parana 57.Rhinoptera brasiliensis Miiller & Henle, 1841 State.M.rochebncnei is known from about Senegal For many years, the name R. jussieui was to the Gulf of Guinea (Stehmann, 1981) off West applied to Brazilian material of this species Africa. Notwithstanding the reddish -black color (Bigelow & Schroeder, 1953). Although these of the flesh, other species of Mohulidae are authors provided a good description and an easy consumed as food though the price atlocal markets diagnostic character (tooth morphology), the is low. Normally their pectoral fins ( BATOID DISTRIBUTION OF1" ARGENTINA, Uruguay (34'5) to 42'5, which is practically the URUGUAY AND BRAZIL Bonaerensean District. Samples were obtained during a winter bottom trawl survey at depths The hatoid fishes ~~~~~~~ing offArgentina are from 3 to 65 m, with a temperature range from considered as Magellanic or Ronaerensean 7.1 to 13.1°C and salinity range from 1.31 to to species (Table 1). These denominations imply 34.2 ups. D. pastinaca, D. tschudii, M.goodei, P. clearly defined ranges of temperature (even bergi, P. extenta, R. agassizi, A. castelnaui, A. salinity), depth and biological characteristics c,yclophora and 2. breuirostris were obtained (Boschi, 1981; Menni & Gosztonyi, 1982; Menni within a wide range of depth and salinity & Lope', 1934). Though 10 Magellanic species throughout the sampled area, though D. are endemic in the province (Table I), there are pastinaca and D.tschudii were more abundant no Bonaerensean endemics, except for D. cf. southward and Z. breuirostri,s northward. R. pastinaca if it is different of the European species. horkelii was more abundant north of 36'30% and Among the Bonaerensean species, Bathyraja D. flauirostris was found only south of that schroederi is a deep slope species in temperate latitude. waters (Krefft, 1968); and anlong the Magellanic A document on the elasmobranch fishes fi.om species, B. papilionifkra apparently occurs only the Rio de La Plata and the Common Fishery in deep waters, i.e., neither is a strictly neritic Zone Argentino-IJruguayan (33'30,to 36'8, species (Stehmann, 1985). Nearly all batoid 52"30, to 57'W) was edited by Arena & Rey species from the Bonaerensean District occur to (1999). Skates and rays were hycaptnred in the north, off Uruguay and southern Brazil coastal trawling and pelagic fisheries, including (Fowler, 1.941; Bigelow & Schroeder, 1953; mainlyl). fEavirostris, S.acuta, S,bonapartei and Figneiredo, 1977, Menni et al., 1984; Vooren, I<. agassizi, hut since 1993 they are subjected to pers, comm.). At least 5 species are known also directed fisheries. Annual captures increased from other areas. Only two species of Bathyi-aja from 127.6 tons in 1993 to 2341.5 tons in 1997. occur in the northern Argentine Sea, one of them Those of Myliobatis spp went from 263.6 tons in at slope depths. Offour species ofPsammobatis, 1995 to 840.4 tons in 1997. only one reaches northward to liruguay. Pristis OffUrupay, larger hiomasses ofbatoids were pectinata (see Lahiile, 1921) and Mobula found between 51 and 100 m depth. Changes in hypostonza (see Cousseau & Menni, 1983) are mean size according latitude andlor depth were very incidental invaders from the North. The not observed, except forD.fZauirostristhat shows presence of occasional northern species of bolh, smaller sizes in spring with increasing depth. chondrichthyans and teleosts in the This species was more abundant between 75 and Bonaerensean District has been discussed 125 m depth (Paesch, 1999). (Menni, 1981; Garcia & Menni, 1982; Coussean Estimated batoid biomass ranged from 19762 & Menni, 1933; Diaz de Astarloa et al., 20001. tons basedin data from the 1995 autumn to 67674 Several families of chondrichthyans and tons in the same season of 1998 (Paesch, 1999). osteichthyans do not appear south of the Rio de Capturos oi'chondrichthyans in the Common la Plata mouth iMenni, 1981), namely: Orecto- Fishery Zone Argentino-Uruguayan decreased in lobidae, Ginglymostoinidae, Rhinopteridae (at summer. Captures of skates appear rather present Rhinoptera placed in subfamily homogeneous along the Uruguay coast in winter, hlyliobatinae ofDasyatidae), Elopidae,Albulidae, with larger abundance about 34'3 in summer Mnraenidae, Argentinidae, Antennariidae, and from 34O to 95's in spring. During autumn, Ogcocephalidae, Bregmacerotidae, Belonidae, larger concentrations were found on the Holocentridae, Lophotidae, Peristediidae, Argentine coast from 35'30, to 37% (Meneses, 1999). According with decreasing densities, the most abundant skates in the area were (richest . . A. t,odontidae, Opisthognatlridae and Calliony- depth range between parenthesis) S. Donnpartei midae, plus the urotrygonids and several genera (i0 to 20 m),A. castelnaui (30 to 50 m), S. acuta mentioned in the Introduction. Fistulariidae was (< 30 m), R. agassizi (> 20 m) and A. cyclophora excluded kom the original list because the report (30 to 50 m). Species of Psum~nobatisoccurred of Fistularia petimba by Figueroa et al. (1992). between 30 and 40 m depth. Details of di.strihntion and abundance of A peculiar unresolved disjunction is shown several species are given by Diaz de Astarloa et by L)asynlis cf pastinaca, which apparently also a1 (19991 from the coastal area from northern occurs in the Mediterranean. 96 Reuzsta del Mus~oArgentzno de C~enczasNaturales, n s. 2 il),2000 The Magellanic hatoid Canna is more in area B. D. tschudii belongs to this group but monotonous at generic level. It is rich in species has a wider distribution, except in deeper and ofBathyraja, with nine species distributed in the cooler areas (E, F). province, including the Pacific Ocean section The last group is the -Strictly Bonaerensean (Stehmann, 1986). One is a deep-water species, Fauna. and comprises A. castelnaui, D. cf. and three, as far as known, are Atlantic endemics. pastinuca, A.platana (occurring somewhat south There are three Magellanic species of of the area here considered and also off southern Psammobatis, one an Atlantic endemic (P. Brazil), and P. bergi (a species of somewhat paruacauda), one occurring also off Chile (P. deeper water). The obvious agreement between rudis), and one probably occurring there (P. the scheme reflected here and other data normani). There are two Magellanic species of available (Boschi, 1979, decapod crustaceans; the genusDipturus occurring both in the Atlantic Ishino et al., 1983, fishes; Angelescu & Prenski, and the Pacific (D. trachyderma reaches southern 1987, fish stocks) clearly indicates a realistic Brazil), and one of Amblyraja, only in the approach to the major patterns of distribution. At1antic.Atlanlorajaplatana enters the province Table 3 shows tempornture and depth ranges for from the north. Argentine fishes based on data from a research Discopyge tschudii is conventionally cruise made by the .Japanese vessel "Shinkai considered as a Magellanic species. It has a wide Maru", listed according to the phenogram of range of distribution from southern Brazil to Menni & Lopez (1984). Species are clearly middle Patagonia and along the Pacific Ocean grouping into those preferring lower coast to Peru. No differences have been found temperatures (i.e. Magellanic species) and those betweenArgentine and Chilean samples (Garcia, preferring higher temperatures (Bonaerensean 1984).In the Atlantic, D. tschudii clustered with species). D. flauirostris is clearly eurythermic. species occurring near the border zone between Most species of the Inner Shelf Mixed Fauna the Argentine andMagellanic Provinces at about occur at temperatures less than g°C, whereas 42-43's. This association is clearly recognizable typically Bonaerensean species inhabit only in several faunistic reports and called , Table 13. Environmental data for batoid species N. brasiliensis, D. say, and R. bonasus are off Argentina. FRV "Walther Herwig" cruise members of the northern fauna. 1966. N: number of observations. Noteworthy is a record of the genus Benthobatis (Torpediniformes, Narcinidae) (Rin- Species DEPTH (m) c6n & Vooren, 1993). This is based in an Range Moan N apparently undescribed dwarf species captured by bottom trawl off southern Brazil. The genus 8. grispueai~da has also been found in deep waters off Patagonia B. maclouia~~a (E1.P. Castello, pers, corn.). Ij. mi~gellariica B. mullispinis Batoids are represented off Brazil between B. seapl~iops 28"40' and 34"34'S at 10 to 500 m depth by 25 B. albo~naeuliita species of rays and skates. From 1981 to 1.983, B. braeliyurops demersal elasmobranchs' abundance (as catches A. doellojumdoi of the commercial otter-trawl fishery) in that area D. flauiruslris at 10 to 100 depth ranged from 43,000 to 96,000 A. platana tons. Eighty percent of the bottom dwelling D. tschudii species biomass was composed by two angel shark S. acuta species together with Sympterygia acuta and S. M. goodei bonapartei,Myliobatis cf.gwdei andA. castelnaui T pui4cha R. agirssizi (Vooren, 1997). G, altaurla Vooren (1997) stated that Z. breuirostris, A. A, eastelnaui castelnaui, R,agassizi,A. plalana,A. cyclophora, S. bor~nportei S. acuta, Myliobatis cT goodei and G. altauela A. freri-iclcsi were the don~inantspecies occurring throughout D. cu,itroura the year off southern Brazil, thus indicating their A. cyclophora complete life cycle there. S. bonapartei and D. B. schroederi tschudii were winter immigrants into the area, whereas M. freminuillei, D. say, D. centroura, R. Ironasus and N. brasiliensis were summer Species TEMInEEItATURE: ('C) immigrants. Range Mean N Datir are available about the batoid fauna from B. griseocui~da 4.13 - 7.6 <, B. ,naclooiar~a 4.30 - 10.4 IJbatuba in the northern littoral of SZo Paula, B. ,,ingellariicn 4.70 - 7.6 Brazil (Cunningham, 1989) (Fig. 2).Four localities B, multispir~is - 6.5 were fished during 1978-1979 with trawls B. seaphiops 4.26 - 6.5 obkiningR, horkeli,R.percellens,Z. breuirostris, B. aibor,iaculata 4.28 - 10.4 N. br-asiliensis, R. agas,sizi, Dasyatis americana, B. bruckyiirops 4.13 - 11.0 D.guttata,D. say andG.al2auela. Spatial variation A. doellojurad 0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00 t 8. macloviana 0. mageilanice 0. molri$oinis 0. pepilionifer~ 8. scaphiopz Mngellanic species B. albomscolats P. normsni Group i P. parvscaoda i------Widoly aisrriouted r--' d bruoiywops r-.. -.. ..: O'LI*I.IJ~<,! Mayellanic spcciesGroup,---. .- II , -. '2. l/iiv,osi,lS B. sci,roedeii ~roup A. f&chuU -. I F0. cf. paslioaca Group IV A. piaiana -D izchildii S, acula P. roim P. lenliginosa % pueicha f+ exmnenia R. agassiri 2. bievirosl+s M. fremnviNei - M. goodei P. bsrgi G altsveis roup V S. bonapafrei A. c8slelnsili Ra e dee water species D. ielltoceuds Bfnihob8lis SP. 1 4 Group Vl R. sadowsky ~ortnen rnlgrants into L-..- -;I ce,r:rowa the bonaei ensean D.strict -- ~rcnnsra Group VII N. brssiliensis A. cycl~phora M. hwosroma R. pe~ceilens 0. vioiacea R. booom IG. micrura traziliari species -D.gU'"" G.oup A.nerinsri -- D. SSY 9. emeric~na -R. lenr~osur -M. rochebrunoei -U micmphihelmus -0. pictus -G, srianlica -R. brasiliensis species1DDsYaliSSP Northern Brazilian 0. geijskeri Group IX P pemlleli M, birosld~ 0.00-- 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00 Fig. 4. Uatoid fish cornrnunities along theAtlantic coast of SouthAmerica. Cluster analysis (IJPGMA) of'a Jaccard matrix of data in Table 1 100 Reuista del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales, n. s. 2 ill, 2000 - " u (84 cm). Specimens 26 cm length of D. guttata migrant"(Vooren, lY97).These characterizations were captured with the same gear in summer closely agree with the relative abundance of the (Barthem, 1985). species in the Bonaerensean District (Nani, 1964; Pristis pectinala and P. perotleli occur in the Nani & G. Alberdi, 1966; pers. observ.). Group Amazon River, but it appears that the latter VI is composed offour relatively rare deep-water species does not occur in the Negro River and species. These species,D. leptocauda,Benthobatis other Amazon tributaries with acidic waters. sp.,R,sadowskii and C. dorsalifera are slope es- Though both species are euryhaline and are pccies (Stebmann & Menni, 1995J.Tllreeof them captured in the same estuaries and coastal are considered "rare" off southern Brazil (Vooren, lagoons, some ecological andlor physiological fac- 1997). tor forces each species to enter freshwater The group VII of northern migrants into the systems at diff'erent seasons (Thorson, 1974). Bonaerensean District is composed of species that If correctly identified, the northernmost re- occur all along the Brazilian coast, but spread cord of an Argentine species is A. cyclophora off with rather common abundance into northern Guyana (Uyeno et al., 1983). Argentine waters. Two of them, R. horkelii and We subjected data from Table I to a cluster A. cyclophora are considered'6resident dominant" analysis (UPGMA) applied to a matrix based on along the southern Brazilian coast. D. cenlroura the Jaccardindex (Fig. 4). This technique, based and N. brasiliensis, summer migrants into on the joint presence of species, provides groups southern Brazilian waters, as well asP.pectinata of species and localities of'great heuristic value are in contrast only very occasionally found off (Menni & Gosztonyi, 1982; Menni & L6pez, 1984). northern Argentina. As to be expected, the Magellanic fauna (Group Group VIII, Brazilian species, is composed of I) in the traditional sense of Gunther (1880) and species occurring in both the South Brazilian and Norman (1937), is separated from ail other Brazilian districts (Table 11, but not offnorthern groups, which are more related to each other than Argentina (Bonaerensean District). Tho ofthem, any of them with the Magellanic fauna (Lloris & R. bonasus and D. say are more common in Kucabado, 1991).Diplurus trachyderma appears northern waters and"summer migrants"into the associated with Group I at lower level, because South Brazilian District (Vooren, 1997). of its presence in southern Brazil, with an Northern Brazilian species of group IX occur aparent gap in northern Argentina. Group 11 off northern Brazil. From the species in this (Magellanic species that spread into the group, Dasyatis sp., R. brasiliensis and D. Bonaerensean District) and Group 111, formed by geljskesi spread southward to off'Rio de Janeiro; the deep-water skates B. schroederi, Anrblyraja P. perotteli to Santos, and M, birostris to Uru- frerichsi and D. ci: pastinma, appears related guay. In contrast, the southern limit of R. among them, but only at low level with other lentiginosus is Iiecife, and that of U. groups, and not at all with Group IX. Instead, rnicrophthalmum, Paraiba. D. pictus is only the pair A. platana + D. tschudii (Group IV) is known from north ofthe Amazon mouth. related with Bonaerensean species (Group V). Both species show uncommon distribution, the former a restricted one, the latter a very extensive one as already discussed. The senior author thanks the Conselho Na- A completely different group (1X) is coinposed cional de Pesquisas (CNPq) of Brazil for allowing ofnorthern Brazilian species usually having their him to become familiar with the Brazilian fauna southern limit of distribution off Rio de Janeiro. as invited researcher at the Departamento de According to the viow that northern Argentina, Pesca, Universidad Federal Rural de . . ". . v Menni, 1981,1983), the rest of species sorted into for the examination of data andmaterial collected 4 groups that also show clear distribution and by German FRV , "2 .. . R, agassizi, Z.breuirostris, G. altauela and A. (Bundesforschunganstalt f'iir Fischerei, castelnaui), are considered "resident dominant" Hamburg, Germany) for kindly providing Menni & Stehmar~n: Balo~d fishes 101 working fici1ities.T~Rosangela Lessa,VeraViei- Angelescu, V., F.S. Gneri & A. Nani. 1958. La merluza ra, Carolus Vooren, Fabio Hazin and his family del Mar Argentino. Srru. Hidr. Naual, H 1004: 1- (as well as the people of Nortepesca), Alberto 224. Araujo, M.L.G., V.C. Silva & C.C. Silva. 1995. Resul- Amorim, Carlos Arfelii, Leon de Moura and his tados preliminares do estudio sobre family, Flavia Lncena, Nayra Fischer, and many elasmobranquios eapturados a longo du reserve colleagues and students in the Departamento de biolhgiea de Santa Isabel, Pirambu - SE. VII Pesca, who would be too many to name all of them Rcuniao do Grupo de Trabalho sobre Pesca e Pes- here, my kind thanks for their warm quisa de Tubaraes e haias no Brasil. Pundasao companionship in Recife and many other Univ. Rio Grande, p. 22. wonderful places in Brazil.% Karin and Bertram Arena, G. & M. Rey. (Eds). 1999. Estudios realizados sobre 10s elasmobranquios dentro del Rio de la Plata Stehmann for their company and assistance in - ~ y la Zona Comb de Pesca Argentino-Uruguuya many small towns in Germany. To H.P. Castello en el marco del "Plan de Invcstigacidn Pesquera". (Museo Argentino de Cieneias Naturales), for INAPE-PNUD lJRUl921003, Montevideo, 80 pp. critical readine and information. This naoer was Balech, E. 1962. Caracteres biogeogrAficos de la re- " . A in part supported by the grant PIP 4738 from gidn de la Argentina y Uruguay. Semiiiario biog. the Consejo Nacional de lnvestigaciones Cienti- Inst. Biol. Mar. Mar $el Plata (mimeographed). hr- ficas y TCicnicas (CONICE'I') to the senior author. Balech, E. 1964. Caracteres biogeograficos de la genlina y Uruguay. Bol. Irtst. Biol. Mar., Mar del Plata, 7: 107-112. Balushkin, A.V. & A.V. Gushchin. 1991. New Findings of the multispincd skate Hathyraja rnullispii~is Almeida, Z.S. de. 1999. Lcvantamento e oearreneia de (Noman) in the South Atlantic. J. Ichthyol., 31 elasmobranquios capturados pela pesca artesvnvl (6): 95-98. no litoral do Maranhso. Bol. SBEEL, 4: 10. Barbosa, F.S. & U.L. Gomes. 1998. Morfologia juvenil Almeida, V.G. & E.L. Quciroz. 1985. Importancia dos de quatro species do ggnero Raja (Limaeus, 1758) poixes na dieta alimentar de Syrnpterygia ncuta e das regiones sudeste e sul do Brasil S. bonaperlei (Elasmabranchii: Rajidae). Res. XI1 (Chondrichthyes, Batoidei, Rajidae). Bioeirncias, Congr. Bras. Zool., Campinas, Sao Paulo, p. 180. 6 (2): 125-146. AIvcs de Oliveira, J. 1975. Ictiofauna marinha da rcgijo Barietta, M. & M.Ia7.M. Correa. 1989. Chondrofauna no&, Brasii. Doe. Superintendencia do complexo estuarine da Baia de Paranagua e desenuuluimnito e pesca. I)iuulga$ao. Kio de adyacencias, P.H. - Rrasil. Levantamento o Jmeiro, 25 pp. (miineographed). produtividade pesqueira. Res. IV Reuniao Gmpo Amorim, A.F., C.A. Melli, F.E.S. Costa &L. Fagundcs. Trabalho Tubariies e haias, Tamandarh, p. 24. 1995. Identification of elasmobranch caught by Barletta, M., M.F.M. Correa & P.S. Sunye. 1980. First vessel Orion (bottom longline) in southern Brazil. record of occurrence of a female of Mobula Res.VI1 Reuni2o do Gmpo de Trabalho sobre Pes- ruehebrunei (Vuillant, 1879) in western Atlantic ca e Pesquisa de Tubarbes e Arraias no Brasil. Parana State - Brazil. Res. IV Reunisa Grupo Fundii~aoUniv. Rio Grande, p. 15. Trabalho Tubarbes e Arraias, p. 23. Ainorim, AF, M. Viana, PA. Freire & C.A. Arfelli. 1997. Barrera Oro, E.R. & A. Maranta. 1996. Regimen Fishery biology of rays caught as by-catch pink- alimentaria estacional de Syrr~pterygiabor~apartei shrimp fishery offUbatuba city, SHo Paulo (July 1995 Miiller & Henle, 1841 (Rajidae) en Mar del Plata. --August 1996). Res. I Reuniao Soe. Bras. Est. Bol. Lab. Hydrobiol. Maranhao, 9: 33-53. Elamobranquios, Ilheus, Bahia, p. 138-141. Barthem, K.B. 1985. Ocurrencia, distribuipao c biologia Amorim,A.E, C.A. Arfelli & L. Fagundes. 1998. Pelagic dos peixes da Baia de Marajo, estuario Amazonico. rlasmobranchs caught by longliners off southern Bol. Mus. Paraerise E. Goeldi, Zooi., 2 (I): 49-69. Brazil during 1974-1997: an overview. Mar. Batista, V.S. 1984. Dados sobre o habito alimeiltar de Rcshwater Res.. 49: 621-632. Zaptery-yz breuirostris Muller and Henle, 1841 Angelescu, V 1982.Ecologia trhfica de la anchoita dcl (Pisces, Rhinobatidae), no litoral de Ria de Janciro. Mar Argentino (Engraulidae, Engraulis arichoita). Res. XI Congr. Bras. Zool., Belem, Park 254-255. Parte 11. Alimentacion, comporlamiento y rolaciones Batista, V.S. 1987. Length-weight relationship of the tdficas en cl ecosistolna Contr INZDEP, 409: 1-83. little guitarfish, Zapteryr brevirostris Angelescu, V & E.E. Boschi. 1959. Estudio biolhgico (Chondrichthyes, Rhinobatidae), from Itnipuinlet, uesrruero.de1 langastino de Mar del Plata en eo- Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Copeia, 3: 787-789. hex& con la op&acidn Nivel Mcdio. Seru. Hidr. Bellisio, N.B. 1982. Flora y fauna maritima. I: 395- Naval, Ii 1017: 1.144. 473. In: Historiu Marltima Argentina. Bucnos Ai- Angclescu, V. & L.B. Prenski. 1987. Ecoloda- tr6fica res. de la merluza comdn del Mar Argentino Bellisio, N. B., R.B. Ldpez & A. Torno. 1979. Peces (Merlucciidae, Merluccius hubbsi). Parte 2. Dins- marinus putagd,iicos. Publ. Secr. Int. Marit. Ed. mica de la alimentaeidn analizada sobre la base de Codex, 280 pp. las condiciones ambieiltales, la estruetura y las Berg, C. 1895. Enuineracidn sistemirtica y sinonimica evaluaciones de 10s efectivos en su area de distri- de 10s pews de las costas argentinas y uruguayas. bucihn. Cont,: INIDEP, 561: 1-205. An. Mus. Nac. Bilei~osAirus, Ser 11, 4 (1): 1-120. olmnqn n~ntiwiC9 ap up!m~ojo3 s~riiap saiejd -ma!o oslsn3 a.rqos so!zeluamo3 'qEL61 '&H 'Ojj"lSE3 PI-1 :9[ 700% "ln~'2s"~ 'snm .px ,(app!leKsen; 'saKq?qo!~puoy3) jeluap!330-pns o?!luyj$v oouaan [(a ua (9[81 'jj!q31!~~) oJnO.iIZta3 s!/odssoflap e!auasazd -el ap iioia3V ,EL~I,&I.I 'ojplse3 629-619 :(18) OF 9sL~/d '(aep!leqou!qg 'saLq?ip!~puoq3) .asualeld~em n3!?u?!l-e also3 81 ap (1~81'aiuaH ?B .iaii"lq) s!i$so~?na~qrL~aldn% ap o>!S?jo!q K oo!$ema$ -s!s o$ua!m!souo> je up!3nq!~$uo3 '1L61 '&H ojja$se3 '9s-1 :PI '..'n~ ,1o?g lsu~.?ogjg s!su'a?,!s~~q oY?p~ap oo!%qj -o!q o!pn$sa 1" u?!rnq!.quo3 '~961'ap 'V'Z 'soue~ja$sii3 'EFOI-6201 :P 'D?J~Q '.joa3 .p.ro~os~a1Sua3 o~ .sas ,(as) eqn1~4n '(aep!cex 'sahq$q3!Jpuoq3) ~861'ueJT3"33PJ ap npeasua eu !!7aqdoy so2oqou?yx a s?sua?l!suJq ~?~?W!SS!~SI!D~~S771"qOZUUtUSd JO UlLUOUKS m!>n&rap e@ojo!q ep s0lmds.v. y,661 .S sop 3'~'vqs03 lojuas e :(~161'unm~e3) a2iia2na s!2aqoururnsd '609-109 :6p 's")I .'a$omVsaJd 'd'?,q 'su -qua&g u! sa!laqsg y~~qs,8661 3.3 'a?UOm8JE!qD '911 ,d 'oI""'1 ,j!sezg ou ss!e.z.zv a sa(i.rorln&as!nbsad a sasad ng~'.joq31 '%el8'duo3 x ,sag (!!qJuwlqomssjz oq~vqnii,ap odn" og!unan A .sax -uge~SoaSo!qa 'saLr{l3!xpuoq3) euel~d op opeqsa op vg$auaSojg owS!sod ens e alqos se?ou uol (avpTie8) aliOujSJO$!j '!nbaiadns op eqIep so:nbueJqoms-eja 0~81'"aqlun3 s~?oqozumnsdap sa!aadsa se ap eunej rr alqaS 'E661 eqazox '& 9 'd 'laueq3 iaqluap! used aneq? sno~,1661 '"p '8'~'oqe~e3 67, d 'apwJ3 o!8 .(.Sed Ou) oJ$qUBJFW 'j!SWg OU w!eiq a sag.zeqn,L es!nbsaj a ussad oqjeqsii, ap odn.rt) og!unag 11 .say '~8- apuv~+) "8 ma jepl -snpu! exad ep sanb~eqmasapsou se!eue a sa(i3m s!oahnr so!nbuv~qomseja ap ensad qg661 'J 'laNeq3 ap og3a3g!luap] 9861 'ua.zaoA .y.3 9 'H'N 'oqawe3 ~7,'d 'apuezf) o!~ oelepunj '86-69 :01 '?~u'WD~DSa7{33d .j!s~.rg ou Se!elJv a sagJeqnJ, ap ss!nbsad a 83 iirozimg 'z[oaj 'pa?oS-u$mi '2sul -~,ngsauua!~un~ -sad aqos oqjaqei& ap odn~~oeyunax IIA .?uUeJed sal(i3 sap (sam~oj!re~'saxid) aep!qnLs~a sap op opelsa op sunejo~puoq3ep oluauis%uenaj a!Sojoqdrom sj ms sajjannou saauuoa .~8613 'adedq op saieu!m!ja~d sopea '"9661 ,d 'la~~eq3 (SN)j!ZEJg '"~URJ~O!x 'MUn OV3SpUu"J 'SL-L~:(I) 9 'n~lttranv.j!sela 'srsaq? .rap!Zex .j!sexg op ou SnlnnbS o.iau@ 'jn~op 3pUe.q o!11 'a$ua3-ecpli sJ!a$soo og!Sa.I a op sa!a?dsa senp ap agSnpo~da~a e!ougpunqe soqed sop 8oSe.1 ep soqupem a sou!mn?sa saxtad 'oe$!nq!.rqs!p 'e~Sojoj~o~,9661 ,a.f,p 'ugsapje3 sop ~eu!mrja.rd oglejay '7,861 'sanS!.~pox 3 "I 9 '01-6 :(I) 8 'S'JlUlS Pal?Zli;l gnuanuaa -vx'el!a!A 'df 'e.'!aJad '3.7 "~'1'Oeq3 'p ';>202up.8321 .E - 7,L SS!N3 OlaH :KtT&LZfl .(paqdea?oauqm) 82-1 :691 quo3 yo Su!j~vqpue suo!?euasqo spqq pue sjemruem 'eaejd lap JB~,xe~ .jo!g .$sul ,eu!Jem e!Sojo!g 3U!.Z"I.\! 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'y~onMaN "~o!glndod .xas -~s!soSoj"e3 '1~61'neassno3 '~yg9 ,J 'uoS!~a3 II!$~-MFJ~~N.iC~,dmZoaXoo~ nu?mm '~~61'3'f 'SB!JEI '07,-E :!ITI-I) ,I&-I :91 '.brad .sac 'Xo~d ~61'.Zq '~z,~?v~os.UV .!1311!$usS.z~) souan8 .up!Sa~ej ap uapus~dje se!suazajaJuo3 '8961-~961 ap B!JU!AOJ~ PI ap e3@?rc,i1:i! emvej el ap o$ua!uqa 'ou!?uaS~~jw~olg ja ua mzauommua sw!.zolemjdxa -ouos je up!anq!.rluon '~~iii'~p!?svg '8 9 'J 'UoS!"-La3 supedxuea senanN 6961 ozja3~'1.ir 9 3.3 '!qasfln -s-eJsxe3"7"~ '1~-1:Z "bsad- 'sag- '3ua!3 ajjes e7 puns '11 ONqdelSouo~) .dd g&p Codd '(~$61oxa'qad ap +z-91) saqsauang ap e!a '1 .qmnzazraA sp sou!inur saoad so7 ,9961 .J 'upS!.ua3 -u!no.zd -1 ap je.zo$!l ja ua eiauoJewil3 ~.!.zolsrojdxa .'aqlje&,, ug so1 ap sepedu~e?suj ua sopein?de3 sopody~apsoane3sn.c so1 ap e!auspunqe K uopnq -!qs!a ,18~[qmqqss!J 9 o!~ol '~3'!q3~0g '~p-1~:(z) 'uap!~~,papam .l"oz .sa!~ads ~au a jo uo!qd!~asap aql Su!pnjam sSe~Su!?s m-eu!lnS uo salou L~eu!m!ja~d amoS :8p61 "m 'uumasaog .PI~-I'm-!:(z) 1 "sag Zen 'puno~s.reaS qourax 'qzuolz~y2~0~u~a~sa~fi ayl Jo says?&{ :ul 'sLt?>~pue saleys 'saqsyel!n3 'sarjs!jMvS '~961,zapao.q'i3~ 9 '8'~'~olaS!g a23 ap ou??ua3qoasn~ lap als7oa21 ZOT Menni & Stehmann: Batozd fishes 103 na. 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Fish. 1Ma?-. nucva especie dr "raya" de la costa atldntica ar- Res. gentina, Ra~adocllojii~ndui tr, sp. Physis 11: 491- Rincan, G., C. M. Vooren & M. Stehmann. 1997. List 4Y% of species of skates and rays ofi'Brazil. An update Pozzi. A.J. 1936. Notas ictioibeicas- TI. Descriueidn dr based on caatures and biblioi.rauhv,.. . " Res, I ReuniSo la nueva espeeie de rayaliaja doellojumdoi I'ozzi. Soc. Bras. Est. Elamobranquios, Ilii4us, Bzihia, p. A,,,. Miis Arg. C Nat., 38: 418-422. 135. Pozzi, A.J. & L.F. Bordal4. 1935. Cuadro sistemAtico Rineuelet. R.A. 1975. Zooeeoerafia" ., v ecoloiia" de 10s de 10s peces marinos de la Argentina. At,. Soc. peces dc aguas continentalcs de la Argentina y eon- Cient. Arg., 120 (1):145-160. sidcraciones sobrc las Areas ictial6gicas eii Am4ri- Queiroz, E.1,. dc. 1984. Sympterygin ecuta c S. ca del Sur. Ecosul. 2 (3): 1-122. bonapartei iElasmobx.anchii: Rajifonnes). Iidbitos Ringuelet, R.A. & RII. hramburu. 1960. 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(ads.) platafoma continental do Rio Grande do Sul. Contr Indo - Pacific Fish Biology: Proc. II Internat. C(JII~ Inst, oceanogr Uniu Sdo Paulo, sir Oceanugr biol, Indo-Pacific Fislzes. Ichth. Soc Japan, Tokyo. 25: 40-43. Stehmann, M. & R.C. Menni. 1995. Condrictios y am- Sadowsky, V. & A.F de Amorim, l977a. Sobre a biente rrente a1 Sur de Brasil y Norte de Uruguay, compasi~Boda faunados esqualos pcligicos do Bra- 1968. VII ReimiBo Gmpo de Trabalho sobrc Pesca sil. Cigneia e Ci~ltitra,Supl. Resumos 29 (7): 792. e Pesquisa de TubarBcs e Arraias no Brasil. Sadowsky.V & A.F. de Amorim, 1977b. l'rimeiro regis- Fundaeaa Univ. Rio Grande, p. 68. tro de ocorrencia da arraia peitgica Dasyatis Stehmann, M. & G. Schulze. 1996. Results of the violacen (Bonaparte, 1832) nas iguas do Atlhntico research cruises of FRV 'Walther Herwig' to South Sul Occidental. Ci8r~ciae Culturn, Supl. Resumos, America. 1,XXIII. 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Ecai., Ilheus, p. 152-153. sizrets forfishey prirposes, Eastern Ce,ctralAtlantic Vaske,T.,R.P. L,cssa, F.H.V. Hazin 6P.E.Travassos. iFkhi~cgaiea 34, 47 in part). FA0 Rome. 1995. Contehdo estomacal dos principais Stehmann. M. 1985. Ereebnisse der IForschun~sreisen elasmobranquios peligicos capturados con espinhel noAti2ntico equatorial sudaeste.VI1 Reuniio Gm- po de Trahalho Pcsca e I'esquisa de Tubar6es e Arraias no Brasil. Fundacao Univ Rio Grande: 69. s;dwestatlantik valn norilargenlinischen Vaske,', G. Rinc6n & C.M. Vooren. 1997. Notes on the Kontinentalahhvng. Arch. FisehWiss., 36 (112): 195- fecding and reproduction of the ray Gurgesiella 211. dorsalifera (Elasmohranchii, Kajidac) from Stehmann, M. 1986. Notes oil the systematics of the southern Brazilian coast. Res. 7" Congresso Nord. Mennz & Stehmann . Batold fishes 109 Ecol., Ilheus: 144.145 . 18. Gurgesiella dorsalifera ...... 80 Vaz Ferreira . R .. C. Rios & H . Nion . 1999 . Peces mari- 19. Rujella sadoaskii ...... 81 nas nuevos o poco conocidos en Urugusy:nota 1. SubIkmily Arhyilchobatinae Bol . Soc . Zoo1 . Uruguay. 10: 34-47 . 20.Atluntoraja castelnaui 81 Vooren. C. M . 1992 . Strategies reproductives ...... comparees de huit cspeces de selaeiens vivipares 21. Atlantorqja eyclophora ...... 81 du Sud du Bresil . Bull . Soc . zool . fi.,Ecologie. 117 22 . Atlantoraja platana ...... 82 (3):303-312 . 23 . Bathyraja albomaculata ...... 82 Vooren, C.M. I997 . llemersal elasmobranchs . Pp . 141- 24 . Bathyrcija bruchyurops ...... 82 146 . In: Seeliger, U., C . Odebrceht and J.P. 25 . Bathyraja griseocauda ...... 83 Castello, (Eds), Subtropical eo,tuergerwe 26 . Bathyruja macloviana ...... 84 enviro,znrer~ts. The coast and sea L~Lthe Southwestern Atlantic . Springer Publ., Berlin . 27 . Hathyraja mc~gellanica...... 85 Vooren, C.M. & R.P. Lessa . 1981a . Sohre os reeursos 28 . Bathyraja mullispinis ...... 85 pesqueiros de elvsrnobranquios na platafoma con- 29 . Hathyraja papilionifkra ...... 86 tinental do Ria Grande do Sul . 33 IZeuniso anuai 30 . Bathyraja scaphiops ...... 86 Soe . Bras. Progr . Ciencias - SBPC, p . 749. 31. Bathyraja schroederi ...... 87 Vooren, C.M. & R.P. Lessa . 1981b. Distribui~Soe 32. Psammobatis bergi ...... 87 abundgncia de clasrnobranquios na platafoma con- 33 . Psammobatis extenta ...... 87 tinental do Rio Grande do Sul . 33 Reuniso anual 34 Psammobatis lentiginosa Sac . Bras . Progr . Cieneiaa - SRPC, p . 573 ...... 82 Whitley, G.P. 1939. Taxonomic notes on sharks and 35 . Psammobatis normani ...... 87 rays. Ausl . Zuol., 9 (3):227.262 . 36 . Psamnzobatis paruacauda ...... 87 Zaro, C.H. 1979. Presencia de Raja plataria Giinther, 37 . Psammobatis rudis ...... 87 1880 en aguas de la platafoma continental nrgen- 38 . Psammobatis rutrum ...... 87 tina (Chondrichthyes,itajidac).Neotropiea, 25 (73): 39 . Rioraja agassizi ...... 88 77.82 . 40 . Sympterygia acuta ...... 88 41 Sympterygia bonapartei ...... 89 INDEX OF TAXA . Order Myiiobatiformes Pag . Suborder Myliobatoidei Order Torpediniformes Superfamily Dasyatoidea Family Urotrygonidae Suborder Torpedinoidei ...... Family Torpedinidae 42 . Urotrygon microphthalmum 89 Family Dasyatidae 1. Torpedo puelcha ...... 71 Subfamily Dasyatinae Suborder Narcinoidei ...... Family Narcinidae 43 I)a.syatis americana 89 44 . Dasyatis centroura ...... 90 2 . Benthobatis sp 73 45. Dasyalis geijskesi ...... 90 3 . Dil~lobatispictus...... 73 4 . Discopyge tschudii ...... 73 46 . Dasyatisgutlata ...... 90 ...... 5 . Narcine brasiliensis ...... 75 47 Dasyatis dpastinaca 91 Order Pristiformes 48 . Dasyatis say Family Pristidae 6 . Pristispectinata 75 7 . Pristisperolteti 75 ...... Order Rhynchoba 51. Gymnura altavela ...... 92 ...... Inccrtae sedis (formerlyin family Rhinobatidae) 52 Gyninura micrura 92 8 . Rhinobatas horkelii ...... 76 Subfamily Myliobatinae 53. Aetobatus narinari ...... 92 9 . Ritinobalos lentiginosus ...... 77 54 . Myliobatis freminuillei ...... 93 10 . Rhznobatosper-cellens ...... 77 ...... 11. Zapteryx breucrostris ...... 77 55 MylioOatis goodei 93 56 . Rhinoptera bonasus ...... 93 Order Rajiibrmes ...... E'amily ~ajidae 57 . Rhinoptera brasiliensis 94 Subfamily Rajinae 58 . Mobula hypostoma ...... 94 ...... 12. Amblyraja doellojuradoi ...... 78 59 Mobala rochebrunnei .... 94 13 . Amblyraja frerichsi ...... 79 60.Manta birostris 94 14 . Dipturus flc~virostris...... 79 15 . 1)ipturus leptocauda ...... 80 16 . Dipturus trachyderma ...... 80 Recibido: 13-XII-1999 17 . Gurgesiella atlantica ...... 80 Aceptada: 26-IV-2000