A Jednak Wojna… Rok 1939 Na Kresach Wschodnich I Zachodnich

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A Jednak Wojna… Rok 1939 Na Kresach Wschodnich I Zachodnich A jednak wojna… Rok 1939 na Kresach Wschodnich i Zachodnich pod redakcją naukową Macieja Fica Joanny Lusek Jolanty Załęczny Dariusz Zalega | Przed Wrześniem była Hiszpania… A jednak wojna… Rok 1939 na Kresach Wschodnich i Zachodnich 1 Muzeum Górnośląskie w Bytomiu Muzeum Niepodległości w Warszawie Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach A jednak wojna… Rok 1939 na Kresach Wschodnich i Zachodnich pod redakcją naukową Macieja Fica Joanny Lusek Jolanty Załęczny Bytom — Warszawa — Katowice | 2020 Dyrektor i Redaktor Naczelna Wydawnictw Muzeum Górnośląskiego w Bytomiu Iwona Mohl Recenzenci dr hab. Mariusz Patelski dr hab. prof. UŚ Jarosław Tomasiewicz Redakcja i korekta Małgorzata Izdebska-Młot Tłumaczenie i korekta streszczeń Barbara Willak Indeksy Mariola Miszkiewicz Projekt graficzny i skład Adrian Hajda Na okładce Wrzesień 1939. Fotografia z kolekcji A więc wojna! ze zbiorów Narodowego Archiwum Cyfrowego © Copyright by Muzeum Górnośląskie w Bytomiu 2020 © Copyright by Muzeum Niepodległości w Warszawie 2020 © Copyright by Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach 2020 Wydawca Muzeum Górnośląskie w Bytomiu Pl. Jana III Sobieskiego 2, 41-902 Bytom www.muzeumgornoslaskie.pl ISBN 978-83-65786-53-1 (Muzeum Górnośląskie w Bytomiu) 978-83-66640-24-5 (Muzeum Niepodległości w Warszawie) 978-83-932082-5-8 (Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach) Druk Drukarnia Totem, Inowrocław Mecenat Organizator Muzeum Górnośląskie w Bytomiu jest instytucją kultury Samorządu Województwa Śląskiego Spis treści Wstęp 9 Część I. Wrzesień 1939 roku – asocjacje i implikacje historyczne Dariusz Zalega Przed Wrześniem była Hiszpania. Śląscy antyfaszyści w hiszpańskiej wojnie domowej 17 Daniel Korbel Podcinanie gałęzi… Polska polityka wobec Czechosłowacji w latach 1938–1939 41 dr Przemysław Jagieła Nominacje oficerskie podchorążych we wrześniu 1939 roku – historia i implikacje 57 dr hab. prof. UO Marek Białokur Gdy Kresy spoglądały na walczącą stolicę. Historia i teraźniejszość pierwszych dni II wojny światowej. Refleksje rocznicowe 71 dr Zbigniew Bereszyński Napaść sowiecka na Polskę w 1939 roku a spory historyków rosyjskich o przyczyny i charakter II wojny światowej 117 dr Kinga Fink Lwów 1939–1944. Życie muzyczne miasta w przededniu wybuchu wojny i podczas dwóch kolejnych okupacji 141 Andrzej Kotecki Flotylla Rzeczna w Pińsku w kampanii wrześniowej (do 17 września 1939 roku) 171 Rafał Michliński Udział Flotylli Pińskiej w Kampanii Polskiej 1939 roku 187 dr Agata Bryłka-Jesionek Zwiastuny wojny na Kresach Zachodnich na łamach górnośląskich dzienników „Polonia” i „Polska Zachodnia” 203 Część II. Wrzesień 1939 roku we wspomnieniach, relacjach i literaturze dr hab. prof. AFiB Jolanta Załęczny Kresowe biografie wpisane w wojnę 1939 roku 231 dr hab. prof. UWr Małgorzata Ruchniewicz Rok 1939 jako cezura nar- racyjna w relacjach kresowych. Wokół kolekcji sybirackiej Archiwum Naukowego Zarządu Głównego Polskiego Towarzystwa Ludoznaw- czego we Wrocławiu oraz zbiorów wspomnień Koła Związku Sybira- ków w Bystrzycy Kłodzkiej 255 dr Małgorzata Laburda-Lis Obraz wojny w literaturze i narracji wspo- mnieniowej Kresowiaków bytomskich 289 dr Joanna Lusek „Kiedy wybuchła wojna…” Pierwsze miesiące II wojny światowej we wspomnieniach mieszkańców Górnego Śląska na pod- stawie projektu Archiwum Historii Mówionej „e-historie.pl” 303 Rafał Kubiak Była dywersja. Potyczki z niemieckimi dywersantami w okolicach Solca Kujawskiego we wspomnieniach żołnierzy Armii „Pomorze” 335 dr Wojciech B. Moś Wrzesień 1939 roku we wspomnieniach mjr. Józefa Łubnickiego. Opracowanie Wojciech B. Moś 351 Anna Meiser „Dom nasz wspólny burzą wrogi”. Początek II wojny świa- towej w poezji Marii Haliny Szulcowej 395 dr hab. Zdzisław Marcinów Wrzesień 1939. Trauma przekroczenia gra- nicy w literackich zapisach (Kuncewiczowa, Vincenz, Hemar, Wie- rzyński) 405 dr Marta Milewska Działania wojenne na Kresach w 1939 roku w świe- tle obowiązujących podstaw programowych w polskich szkołach i na przykładzie wybranych podręczników do nauczania historii w szkole podstawowej 437 Indeksy i streszczenia w języku polskim i angielskim Indeks nazwisk 455 Indeks nazw miejscowych 467 Streszczenia w języku polskim i angielskim 471 Table of contents Introduction 9 Part I. September 1939 – associations and historical implications Dariusz Zalega Before September, it was Spain. Silesian antifascists in the Spanish Civil War 17 Daniel Korbel Sawing off the branch... Polish policy towards Czechoslovakia during 1938–1939 41 dr Przemysław Jagieła Officer appointments of cadets in September 1939 – the history and implications 57 dr hab. prof. UO Marek Białokur When the Eastern Borderlands looked at the fighting capital. History and the present of the first days of World War II. Anniversary reflections 71 dr Zbigniew Bereszyński The Soviet attack on Poland in 1939 and the disputes of Russian historians over the causes and nature of the Second World War 117 dr Kinga Fink Lviv 1939–1944. Musical life of the city on the eve of the outbreak of war and during two occupations 141 Andrzej Kotecki The Riverine Flotilla in Pinsk in the September campaign (until 17 September, 1939) 171 Rafał Michliński Participation of the Pinsk Flotilla in the Polish Campaign of 1939 187 dr Agata Bryłka-Jesionek Harbingers of war in the Western Borderlands in the Upper Silesian dailies “Polonia” and “Polska Zachodnia” 203 Part II. September 1939 in memoirs, reports and literature dr hab. prof. AFiB Jolanta Załęczny Borderland biographies inscribed in the 1939 war 231 dr hab. prof. AWr Małgorzata Ruchniewicz 1939 as a narrative turning point in relations in the Eastern Borderlands. Around the Siberian collection in the archive of the Polish Ethnological Society in Wrocław and the collections of memories of the Association of Siberian Deportees in Bystrzyca Kłodzka 255 dr Małgorzata Laburda-Lis The image of war in the literature and memoirs of the Bytom Kresowiaks 289 dr Joanna Lusek When the war broke out... The first months of World War II in the memories of the inhabitants of Upper Silesia based on the project of the “e-historie.pl” Oral History Archive 303 Rafał Kubiak There was a diversion. Skirmishes with German saboteurs in the vicinity of Solec Kujawski in the memories of soldiers of the Pomeranian Army 335 dr Wojciech B. Moś September 1939 in the memoirs of Major Józef Łubnicki. Edited by Wojciech B. Moś 351 Anna Meiser “Our common home is stormed by enemies”. The beginning of World War II in the poetry of Maria Halina Szulcowa 395 dr hab. Zdzisław Marcinów September 1939. The trauma of crossing the national border in the literary accounts (Kuncewiczowa, Vincenz, Hemar, Wierzyński) 405 dr Marta Milewska Warfare in the Eastern Borderlands in 1939 in the light of the current core curricula in Polish schools and on the example of selected history textbooks in primary schools 437 Indexes and summaries in Polish and English Index of persons 455 Index of places 467 Summaries in Polish and English 471 Dariusz Zalega | Przed Wrześniem była Hiszpania… Wojna! To słowo takie małe, krótkie, takie niepokaźne, a jednak ile ono uczuć budzi. Ból, rozpacz, radość, triumf, gniew, strach, wszystko się w tych pięciu literach mieści. Wszystko, co odczuć zdolna dusza człowieka. Takie niepozorne to słowo, a jednak przez wielu, wielkich i małych, znienawidzone1. Wstęp II wojna światowa stanowi niezwykle trudne i bolesne doświad- czenie w dziejach Europy i świata. Czas ów definiowany jest zazwyczaj w kate- goriach wszechogarniającego świat i ludzi chaosu i cierpienia, uczuć niepew- ności i lęku, ciągłej obawy o życie. Polska, zaledwie kilkanaście lat po powrocie na mapę Europy we wrześniu 1939 roku ponownie znalazła się w kleszczach niewoli, pod okupacją niemiecką i sowiecką. 80. rocznica wybuchu II wojny światowej, wspominana w 2019 roku, a za- razem 75. rocznica mijająca od jej zakończenia w 2020 roku skłaniają, po raz kolejny, do refleksji i potwierdzenia ponadczasowej konkluzji – Nigdy więcej wojny! Niestety, ta, jako synonim największego zła dla ludzkości, powtarzający się dramat pokoleń, nieustannie jest obecna w otaczającej nas rzeczywistości i wciąż boleśnie dotyka społeczeństwa na całym świecie. Pomimo dziesięcioleci, jakie upłynęły od jej zakończenia, II wojna światowa stanowiła i wciąż stanowi punkt odniesienia w toczonych przez historyków, socjologów i kulturoznawców polemikach, dotyczących minionych wydarzeń i recepcji czasu wojny, w wy- znaczaniu priorytetów dla edukacji historycznej. Nadal istnieje potrzeba pro- wadzenia pogłębionych badań nad wieloma, do tej pory niewyjaśnionymi czy 1 Archiwum Zgromadzenia Sióstr Niepokalanego Poczęcia Najświętszej Maryi Panny w Szymanowie, sygn. C II.2, Siostra Krysta od Przenajświętszego Sakramentu, Zofia Szembekówna, Z życia legioni- stów w szpitalu sióstr Niepokalanego Poczęcia NMP w Jarosławiu (1915–1917), k. 46 (wspomnienia Józefa Wąsika, legionisty). 9 A jednak wojna… | Rok 1939 na Kresach Wschodnich i Zachodnich niedopowiedzianymi jej aspektami natury społecznej, politycznej, ekonomicznej czy po prostu mentalnej, z całym bagażem stereotypów i animozji. W potrzebę prowadzonych badań wpisuje się również niniejszy tom. Powstał on dzięki współpracy grupy autorów, którzy skupili się wokół inicjatorów przedsięwzię- cia – Muzeum Górnośląskiego w Bytomiu, Muzeum Niepodległości w Warszawie oraz Instytutu Historii Uniwersytetu Śląskiego w Katowicach. Prezentowana publikacja stanowi zbiór osiemnastu tekstów, podzielonych na dwie części „Wrzesień 1939 roku – asocjacje i implikacje historyczne” oraz „Wrzesień 1939 roku we wspomnieniach, relacjach i literaturze”.
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