2007 Global Demilitarization Symposium & Exhibition Destruction of Old Chemical Bombs using DAVINCHTM at Kanda, Japan

Yutaka INADA, Katsuo KUROSE, Takashi WASHIDA May, 2007 Operations at Kanda Chemical Bombs from WW2 on the sea bed in Kanda Port zLocate Suspicious OCWs Kussharo zRecovery of OCWs zDestruction of OCWs Japan Tokyo Samukawa Kobe

Kanda 1 Location of Destruction Facility and Work Area

Destruction Facility

Work Area (approx. 1250 bombs)

Kohnoshima Island

Kanda Port

2 Overall Schedule

2003 2004 2005 2006

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Contract

Construction

Contract Contract Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 Destruction 57 bombs 538 bombs 659 bombs

3 Old Chemical Bombs Destructed at Kanda, Japan

Phase 1 (2004) 57 bombs

Phase 2 (2005) 538 bombs

Phase 3 (2006) 659 bombs

total 1,254 bombs

4 Old Chemical Weapons recovered from Kanda Port

Identification belt

20cm 10cm 70cm 50cm 1m Burster Fuse Burster Fuse

Booster Booster Chemical Agent Chemical Agent

50kg Yellow Bomb 15kg Red Bomb (2.3kg of High Explosive , 18 L of CA) (1.3kg of High Explosive , 368 g of CA) 5 Characteristics of Old Chemical Weapons recovered from Kanda Port

① Contain As, ② Heavily deteriorated, deformed and corroded, ③ Covered with shellfish

Chemical Agent Explosive Picric Acid + Yellow Bombs Mustard + Lewisite TNT

Picric Acid + Red Bombs DA, DC (similar to Clark I, II) TNT

6 Work Procedure at Kanda

High Accuracy Inspection and Magnetometer Detection Indentification

Work Uncover Temporary storage on and in the sea

Preparation Recovery Work at the Facility

Destruction Unloading by detonation Transportation

Off-gas treatment

7 Locate Suspicious OCWs (High Accuracy Magnetometer Detection)

Magnetometer Detection Probe Magnetic Anomaly Map Tug Boat FRP-composite Detection Boat

Data Recorder Detection Operation 8 Uncovering / Recovery of OCWs

Pontoon for sludge Tugboat

suction hose

sea bottom

①Uncover objects ②Take X-rayed picture in the sea

Pontoon with crane

Troopship

③Put into a cylinder ④Recovery 9 Schematic Flow of Kanda Chemical Weapons Destruction Facility

Identification Destruction Off-gas TM Treatment Temporary DAVINCH Transportation Storage Hold Tank detection VP Combustion charcoal Vacuum pump Furnace

Kanda Port drain

recovery Fragments uncovering

to Conventional Waste Treatment munitions Facility

10 TM DAVINCH Detonation of Ammunition in Vacuum Integrated Chamber

Structural Characteristics Operational Characteristics Performance Characteristic • Double-Shelled Cylinders (Outer & Inner Cylinders) • Detonation in Vacuum • High-DRE only by detonation • Multi-layered Outer Cylinder (Pressurized container) • Sequential Detonation • Removable Inner Cylinder (Can be replaced if it • Emulsion explosive as donor charge is damaged) • Implosion Process Double walled structure with removable inner chamber

Inner chamber Sacrificial chamber Outer against chamber fragments High-pressure vessel against impulsive pressure

12 Multi-layered Outer Chamber

Detection hole to monitor the leakage from the 1st layer

Carbon steel

Multiple- Layered Outer Chamber

Removable Inner Vessel

13 DAVINCHTM in operation

Remote Operation 14 Examination & Improvement

• Longer Chamber • Minimize Amount of Explosives • Improve Setting Method of Bombs • Trace Arsenic Behavior • Data acquisition of pressure, strain, composition of off-gas for further improvement • Cleansing Shot • Application of Cold Plasma

15 Cold Plasma

• Compact • High efficiency burning • Low power requirement • Rapid start-up

16 Cold Plasma GlidArc Operating Principle

E e le d c o r tr t o c d e e l E

ignition expansion & extinction work

17 Thank you !

Hope we can be of service to you!!

18 a slide with my contact information

Name: Yutaka Inada Phone Number: +81-(0)78-261-7042 Company: Kobe Steel Ltd. E-mail: [email protected] [email protected]

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