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Collections of the State Historical Society of Wisconsin Library of Congress Collections of the State Historical Society of Wisconsin. Volume 18 PIERRE-FRANÇOIS RIGAUD, MARQUIS DE VAUDREUIL From portrait in possession of M. le Comte Jacques de Clermont-Tenneres, Château de Brugny, Marne, France COLLECTIONS OE THE State Historical Society OF WISCONSIN EDITED BY REUBEN GOLD THWAITES, LL. D. Secretary and Superintendent of the Society VOL. XVIII The French Regime in Wisconsin—1743–1760 The British Regime in Wisconsin—1760–1800 The Mackinac Register of Marriages—1725–1821 LC MADISON PUBLISHED BY THE SOCIETY 1908 F576 .W81 Published by Authority of Law 2,500 COPIES PRINTED D OF D JAN 10 LC Collections of the State Historical Society of Wisconsin. Volume 18 http://www.loc.gov/resource/lhbum.7689g Library of Congress DEMOCRAT PRINTING CO., MADISON, STATE PRINTER iii Contents and Illustrations PAGE Portrait of Pierre-François Rigaud, Marquis de Vaudreuil, Governor of New France Frontispiece Officers of the Society, 1908 ix Preface xi THE FRENCH REGIME IN WISCONSIN—III DOCUMENT 1743: Sioux instigate rebellion; News from Illinois 1 1744: Negotiations with Western Tribes 3 1745: Canada and Louisiana; Coureurs des Bois; Post of La Baye 5 1747: Partnership to Exploit La Baye 7 1748: The Upper Posts 11 1748: The Shawnee 11 1748: Chequamegon Post 13 1748: The Illinois should revert to Canada 14 Collections of the State Historical Society of Wisconsin. Volume 18 http://www.loc.gov/resource/lhbum.7689g Library of Congress 1749: Instructions to the New Governor, the Marquis de La Jonquiére 17 1749: Policy towards Indians 19 1749: License System Restored 25 1749: Development of Detroit and Mackinac 27 1749: Post of the Upper Country 29 1749: Arrangements for La Baye, and a Post among the Sioux; Fort at Toronto 33 1749: Promotion for a Wisconsin Officer 35 1749: Céloron's expedition down the Ohio 36 1750: Conspiracy in the Illinois 58 1750: Affairs in the Upper Posts 60 1750: Affairs at La Baye; Officer drowned; The Sioux Post 63 iv 1750: Councils with Tribesmen; Reports from Upper Posts 67 1750: Regulations for the Fur-Trade 70 1750: Affairs at Detroit 74 1750–51: Marin's Western Journey 75 1751: Reports from the Northern Posts 80 1751: Reports from the Southwestern Posts 85 Collections of the State Historical Society of Wisconsin. Volume 18 http://www.loc.gov/resource/lhbum.7689g Library of Congress 1751: Post at Sault Ste. Marie 99 1752: News from the Upper Country 104 1752: Instructions Regarding the Indians 118 1752: Exploiting the Posts 123 1752: Sault Ste. Marie 125 1752: The Trade at Detroit 125 1752: Grant of La Baye 127 1752: Langlade Captures Pickawillany 128 1753: Grant of La Baye 132 1753: Peace Among Northwestern Tribes 133 1754: Langlade's Marriage Contract 135 1754: The Upper Posts 141 1754: Rigaud and the Lease of Green Bay 142 1754: Routes to the Upper Country 143 1755: Langlade commissioned ensign 149 1755: Instructions for Vaudreuil 150 1755: Regulations for Trade at the Upper Posts 154 Collections of the State Historical Society of Wisconsin. Volume 18 http://www.loc.gov/resource/lhbum.7689g Library of Congress 1755: Concession of Post of La Baye 156 1755: Upper Posts and Detroit 156 1749–55: Services of the Younger Marin 158 1756: Affairs in the Ohio Valley 159 1756: Grant of La Baye Post 164 1757: Memoir of Bougainville 167 1757: Submission of the Iowa 195 1757: Exploiting La Baye 197 1757: Trade with Upper Posts 200 1758: Sub-Lease of Northern Posts 200 1758: Disturbance at La Baye 203 1758: Excessive Expenditure 204 1758: Distrust and Dishonesty at Posts 205 1759: Grant of La Baye to Rigaud 207 1759: News from the Upper Country 208 1760: Garrison at Fort Massac 213 1760: The War Draws to a Close 216 Collections of the State Historical Society of Wisconsin. Volume 18 http://www.loc.gov/resource/lhbum.7689g Library of Congress 1760: Mackinac Evacuated 221 v THE BRITISH REGIME IN WISCONSIN 17605–61 The British Take Possession 223 1761: Conference at Detroit 229 1763: The Illinois 259 1764: News from Wisconsin 261 1764: Wisconsin Indian Praised 268 1764: Re-establishment of Mackinac 270 1764: Aspect of Detroit 272 1765: French Lease of La Baye 274 1765: British in the Illinois 275 17655–66: Trader in Northern Wisconsin 277 1766: Rogers to Langlade 278 1766–67: Travels in Wisconsin 280 1767: Certificate to a Menominee 286 1767: Trade at La Baye 286 1768: Western fur-trade 288 Collections of the State Historical Society of Wisconsin. Volume 18 http://www.loc.gov/resource/lhbum.7689g Library of Congress 1768: License for Illinois Priest 292 1768: Lake Superior Copper Mines 293 1769: Fear of Indian Conspiracy 295 1769: Indians and Settlements of Spanish Illinois 299 1773: Affairs at Mackinac and in Wisconsin 308 17405–75: Journal of Peter Pond 314 1776: Western Indians Reinforce Carleton 355 1777: Wisconsin Indians in Burgoyne's Campaign 357 1777: Spanish Describe Tribesmen 358 1778: Wisconsin Levies Aid British 368 1778: Certificate to Menominee Chief 369 1778: Langlade to Reinforce Hamilton 371 1779: Clark's Operations; Indian Council at Mackinac 373 1779: Expedition Against Illinois 375 1779: Speech to the Western Indians 377 1779: Southwestern Expedition 391 1779: Close of Campaign 401 Collections of the State Historical Society of Wisconsin. Volume 18 http://www.loc.gov/resource/lhbum.7689g Library of Congress 1780: Langlade's Services 403 1780: British Expedition Against St. Louis 404 1780: Spanish Report of Attack on St. Louis 406 1780: Furs Saved at Prairie du Chien 411 1780: Scouting from Mackinac 412 1780: Spanish Report English Intrigues 412 1781: Warning to Traders 415 1781: Instructions for Spanish Governor of St. Louis 417 1782: Expedition Against St. Josephs 430 vi 1782: Land-Grant at Mackinac 432 1784: Indian Discontent at Mackinac 434 1784: A Trader's Note 435 1784: News from Mackinac 436 1786: Mackinac Company in the Illinois 439 1792: English Traders in Upper Louisiana 441 1794: Mackinac Indians Oppose Wayne 442 1796: Green Bay Chief Desires a Medal 446 Collections of the State Historical Society of Wisconsin. Volume 18 http://www.loc.gov/resource/lhbum.7689g Library of Congress 1796: British Remove from Mackinac 447 1796: Spanish on the Upper Mississippi 449 1797: Arrangements for Boundary Commissioners 452 1797: Raid on the Mississippi 456 1797: Americans Visit Northwest Posts 457 1799: British Protection Against Spanish 458 1800: Langlade's Business Affairs 462 1800: Sp aniardfear an attack by Langlade 464 THE MACKINAC REGISTER 1725–1821: Register of Marriages in the Parish of Michilimackinac 469 Errata 514 Index 515 Illustrations PAGE Portrait of Pierre-François Rigaud, Marquis de Vaudreuil. From painting in possession of M. le Comte Jacques de Clermont-Tenneres, Château de Brugny, Marne, France Frontispiece Collections of the State Historical Society of Wisconsin. Volume 18 http://www.loc.gov/resource/lhbum.7689g Library of Congress Portrait of Michel-Rolland Barin, Comte de la Galissonieère. From a copy, at Quebec, of original painting in possession of the family in France 12 Leaden Plate Buried by Céloron. Found at mouth of Great Kanawha River, and now in possession of Virginia Historical Society. From a recent photograph 44 Marriage Contract between Charles Langlade and Charlotte Bourassa. Dated, August 11, 1754. Reduced facsimile of part of first page of original, in Wisconsin Historical Library 136 vii The Chicago Portage. From the first United States government survey ( ca. 1820) of the region of the portage and site of Chicago, in possession of Chicago Historical Society 146 Portrait of Louis-Antoine de Bougainville. From painting in possession of M. le Comte R. Kerralain, Quimper, France. Reproduced from photogravure in Doughty and Parmalee, Siege of Quebec, i, p. 178 168 Portrait off Philippe-François Rastel, Sieur de Rocheblave, Commandant at Massac and Kaskaskia. From portrait in possession of the family 214 Portrait of Henry Bocquet. From steel engraving in Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography, iii, p. 121 224 Sir William Johnson's Certificate to Ogemawnee. Dated, Niagara, August 1, 1764. Reduced facsimile of original in Wisconsin Historical Library 268 General Haldimand's Certificate to Chawanon, Dated, Monreal, August 17, 1778. Reduced facsimile of original in Wisconsin Historical Library 370 Portrait of Henry Hamilton. Lieutenant-Governor of Detroit. After a portrait in possession of Clarence M. Burton of Detroit 376 Collections of the State Historical Society of Wisconsin. Volume 18 http://www.loc.gov/resource/lhbum.7689g Library of Congress Plan of St. Louis, 1780. Photograph from original MS. map in General Archives of the Indies, Seville, Spain, where it accompanies a document among the “Papers from Cuba” taken to Seville after the Spanish-American War 406 Langlade's Letter to Rocheblave Porlier. Dated, July 26. 1800. Reduced facsimile of original in Wisconsin Historical Library 462 Fort Mackinac in 1905. Photograph from pasture southwest of the fort, between the village and the Grand Hotel 468 ix Officers, 1908 President William Ward Wight, M. A. Milwaukee Vice Presidents Hon. Emil Baensch Manitowoc Hon. Burr W. Jones, M. A. Madison Lucius C. Colman, B. A. La Crosse Hon. John Luchsinger Monroe Hon. Benjamin F. McMillan McMillan Hon. John B. Winslow, LL. D. Madison Secretary and Superintendent Collections of the State Historical Society of Wisconsin. Volume 18 http://www.loc.gov/resource/lhbum.7689g Library of Congress Reuben G. Thwaites, LL. D. Madison Treasurer Hon. Lucien S. Hanks Madison Librarian and Assistant Superintendent Isaac S. Bradley, B. S. Madison Curators, Ex-Officio Hon. James O. Davidson Governor Hon. James A. Frear Secretary of State Hon. Andrew H. Dahl State Treasurer x Curators, Elective Term expires and annual meeting in 1909 Thomas E. Brittingham, Esq. Henry C. Campbell, Esq.
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