SI COUNCIL IN ATHEAIS

The first meeting of the SI Council to be held in Greece took place on 9 - 70 February 1993 at the invitation of PASOK. The main theme on the Council's agenda was 'PeAce, democracy and economic cooperation'.

In his opening address to the the early 1980s, when then However, he added, 'the choices Council in Athens, SI President Prime Minister Papandreou host- we made at that time, the choice Pierre Mauroy said: 'Let us not ed a meeting of European social for Europe, for firmness towards forget that the very idea of democratic heads of govern- communism, certainly played an democracy was born here thou- ment, including Olof Palme, important role in subsequent sands of years ago. But it remains Mario Soares, Bettino Craxi, events'. a new idea which must still Kalevi Sorsa, Felipe Gonz6lez and Evoking these memories, the today inspire and guide our Mauroy himself. He remarked SI president stressed that 'in set- work'. on how little able they had then ting our priorities, we must look He recalled a visit to Athens in been to predict developments. at the road we have travelled...

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Pierre Mouroy with Andreos Papondrau ond Luis Ayola we must fully take on our justice, security and economic great cause, which we must pur- responsibility for the times to regulation at national and inter- sue for the sake of humanity. come. Responsibility for defining national level. Alongside the Strong in the gains made a more satisfactory economic grave military conflicts, such as throughout the last century we system. Responsibility too for that in the former Yugoslavia, must look to further victories for the emergence of a new balance requiring the clearest and the next century'. in the world... We are now fac- strongest response from democ- Welcoming the SI delegates to ing profound questions for social ratic socialists intemationally, he Athens, PASOK Leader Andreas democracy in post-communist placed those third world coun- Papandreou paid tribute to the society'. tries struggling for democratisa- International as a 'meeting point Pierre Mauroy went on to tion, and the risk to stability for all progressive and democrat- address the Council's main posed by poverty and inequality, ic powers', and to those SI lead- theme of 'Peace, democracy and as well as the crisis of social ers who had been good friends to economic cooperation', express- proSress being experienced by the Greek people and stood by ing his conviction that'the the most developed countries. the country during the hard peri- Socialist Intemational is the best 'From the Socialist Intemational od of resistance against dictator- possible framework for tackling must come a global plan which ship. the immense challenges of this builds on all the gains and suc- Papandreou referred to 'star- new period'. Willy Brandt, he cesses of social democracy in tling developments on our plan- said, had left behind him an order to sustain those gains and et'- the internationalisation of organisation whose universality adapt them to the present histor- production and the development and influence made it a point of ical circumstances', he said, 'and process, the deSradation of the reference for all those on the side we must also seek out many environment and the new forms of progress and struggling frameworks for debating our of concentration of economic against poverty and iniustice. ideas, with trade unions, associa- povrer. The greatest challenges He spoke of the Intemational's tions, intemational organisa- facing the Socialist International active work for fteedom, human tions, representatives of the eco- and its member parties, he said, rights and democracy, and of the nomic and financial world'. were to prolect strongly our need for ever more systematic The SI president made a num- vision for people and the world, initiatives in support of the ber of suggestions for future ini- both North and South; to distin- democratic electoral process tiatives, such as the organisation guish our policies from those of worldwide; in particular, the of a'summer school', and reactionary, neo-liberal forces International, he said, would increased activities at regional which had led to worldwide seek to collaborate more closely level. He also stressed the impor- recession and the dramatic rise with the United Nations in its tance of the concentrated and of unemployment and increase work of assisting and observing specialised work carried out by in inequality; and to give radical elections. various committees of the Inter- meaning to our ideals of peace, He spoke also of the need for national. democracy, development, social ideological clarity when faced He concluded, on a note of fustice and solidarity. with the great questions of social optimism, 'we are fighters for a He also referred to the instabil- ity prevailing in his own region, democracy in today's world and as in many parts of the world, the Socialist International under with the risk that the war in the its new president. He invoked former Yugoslavia might spread. 'the profound contradiction of Given the geopolitical situation those peoples who are moving of their country - a member state towards the universality of inte- of the European Community, gration, but have an equally pas- with historical and traditional sionate and insistent impulse to ties with the Balkans and the live their personal identity, to Mediterranean - the Greek peo- live in their immediate, every- ple were fully aware of the pre- day, local world' - a contradic- sent risks and of the need to tion whose most extreme exam- reach a peace agreement. Having ple, he said, was to be seen in gone through two world wars, Europe, where the conflict of President the first of which started in the nationalisms in the former Balkans, he added, they firmly Aristide Yugoslavia was taking place believed that peace terms must alongside the creation of the sin- be imposed not by means of mil- uting the gifts of the gods to all gle European market and the itary supremacy and coercion, earthly creatures, he completely greater integration brought by but through close cooperation in forgot to spare some for humans. the Treaty of Maastricht. This pursuit of economic and social In order to remedy this injustice, striking iuxtaposition of univer- development, with full respect his brother Prometheus stole fire sality and localism was, he said, for human rights and for the and the arts from the workshop the sign of our times, and he rights of all the peoples of the of the gods and offered them to expected to see it lived out all former Yugoslavia. He appealed men, so that they could manu- over the world during the com- to world powers to work togeth- facture weapons to defend them- ing century. er to restore peace in the Balkans selves from the strongest ani- before it was too late. mals. Nevertheless, the beasts Democrocy Papandreou went on to continued to kill many people, express support for the United as they lived alone and scattered. Under the heading of Nations and for the develop- 'Securing So the people got together and democrary: regional priorities', ment of collective responsibility built cities. But even then, they the SI council focused on the sit- and collective security systems. treated one another unjusfly, uation in central and eastern He stressed the need for the lacking the necessary political Europe, in Angola, international community to in Haiti, and art, so they continued to scatter in Pakistan. ensure with equal stringency the and to perish. So Zeus, the father Hor6k, Czech implementation of all UN Jiri Social Demo- of the gods, fearing that the Party, resolutions. cratic introduced a discus- human race would become sion on current developments He underlined the pressing in extinct, sent Hermes to bring central and eastern Europe. crises around the world, includ- He people decency and with stressed that, athough ing developments in many lustice economic which to restore harmony to and political transformation was republics of the former Soviet their cities and create the bonds happening fast all over the Union, and the extreme situa- of friendship. facing tion many countries of 'People today, like those of the For right: the South, where the dilemma, ancient myth, are threatened Lopo do he said, was: 'peace or war; with destruction. This time not development or poverty; life or from the beasts, but from igno- Noscimento ecological I destruction'. rance of the political art which He supported, in particular, could peacefully settle differ. regional integration efforts and ences in today's universal l the systematic 'city'. ideological coun- To my mind it is obvious that we tering of neo-liberalism, in must find refuge in the old defence of workers' rights and divine gifts of decency and social justice. The dominant fac- justice.' tor distinguishing socialist eco- Pierre Mauroy welcomed to nomic policy must be concrete the Council meetingJaime Paz proposals on employment. Zamora, president of Bolivia and The leader of the host party a vice-president of the Socialist ended by recounting an ancient International. President Paz Greek myth: spoke about the opportunities 'When Epimethus was distrib- and contradictions facing social region, the moral and personal over the deteriorating situation ister of Norway. He has since transformation that would have in Angola and stating that the been appointed co-chair of the to take place in the wake of com- political bodies democratically international peace conference munism's collapse would take at elected irt 1992 were legitimate on the former Yugoslavia (see least a generation. The region's and deserved full recognition. People, page 46). A resolution social democrats must take a (Lopo do Nascimento writes on based on his report and setting long view, therefore, in building page 23). out'seven signposts on the road themselves into a viable alterna- Another special guest at the to peace'was adopted by the tive to the present governents. meeting was President Jean- council, following a discussion (SeeJiri Hor6k's article, page 15). Bertrand Aristide of Haiti. The (see page 41). president addressed the SI coun- Hans-Jiirgen Wischnewski, cil on the grave of situation in his chair the SI Middle East Com- Left: country since the coup d'6tat of mittee, reported to the council September 1991 which ousted on his recent high-level talks President the democratically elected gov- with political leaders from the Poz ernment he headed. The council region. He stressed the unique was also addressed by leaders of forum for dialogue between all Zomoro the SI member party in Haiti, parties which the SI Committee PANPRA, and the SI consultative could provide in the efforts to party in the country, KON- overcome the present difficulties AKOM. The resolution subse- in the regional peace process. He quently adopted (see page 39) also called attention to other gave the strongest support to all important issues which the SI efforts being made both in Haiti Committee hoped to tackle in and internationally for the re- the future, including the situa- establishment of democrary and tion in Afghanistan, in Iraq, in the retum of President Aristide. Western Sahara, and affecting (President Aristide writes on the Kurdish people. The council page 8). adopted a resolution (see page Senator Iqbal Haider, repre- 39) calling for all parties in the The council adopted a resolution senting the Pakistan People's on central and eastern Europe Pafty, a member party of the Gro Horlem (see page 37), reaffirming the Socialist International, spoke of support of the International for the abuse of the democratic and Brundtlond the continuing process of iudicial process by the govern- democratisation and setting out ment of that country in recent pdorities for assistance and months, of which the opposi- cooperation. The resolution also tion PPP and its leader Benazir stressed the right of nations to Bhutto had been victims. In its self-determination, whilst refu s- resolution on the situation in ing violence or the violation of Pakistan the SI council deplored human rights in the name of governmental abuses and failure that s€lf-determination. Finally, to tackle lawlessness and crime it called for the proper impleme- and called for the protection of nation of disarmament agree- political activists and of religious ments to prevent nuclear prolif- and racial groups in Pakistan. eration in the region and for the I development of a defensive pan- Peoce European security system. Lopo do Nascimento, a former Turning to the question of prime minister of Angola and 'Regional conflicts: opportuni- member of the leadership of the ties for conciliation and dia- MPLA, was a special guest at the logue', the council heard from dis- East reso- meeting and spoke on the Thorvald Stoltenberg a report on Middle to comply with turbing developments in his the grave situation in the former lutions of the United Nations country since the elections held Yugoslavia, following his recent and for the resumption of the in September 1992. The council visit - the second such visit he Middle East peace negotiations, adopted a resolution, presented had undertaken on behalf of the as the only solution to the prob- by members of the SI delegation Socialist International. At the Iems of the region. which observed the voting last time of the SI council meeting, Ant6nio Guterres, SI vice-presi- year, expressing deep concern Stoltenberg was the foreign min- dent and leader of the SI delega- tion which had just returned A resolution of the SI coucil Mozambique, Togo, and Zaire. ftom Somalia (see page 30), (see page 38) set out the Interna- The council decided on the re- made a report to the council on tional's view on a strategy for establishment of a number of SI that visit. The council adopted a growth and employment, on committees for the current inter- resolution (see page 40) based on support for reforms in eastern congress period, and on the the delegation's findings, which, Europe and the former Soviet establishment of several new while recognising the enormous Union, on reviving the North- committees (see box) as well as efforts of US and United Nations South dialogue, on encouraging on the membership of the statu- forces, of other UN agencies and the environment and sustainable tory SI Finance and Administra- of the many relief organisations development, and on reforming tion Committee, SIFAC,. involved in Somalia, and the and strengthening international It was agreed that the Council vast improvement in the security financial institutions. would next convene in October situation there, stressed that Other resolutions adopted by 1993 and that the main theme of humanitarian relief alone could the SI council dealt with Algeria, that meeting, to which the not bring a solution and called the consolidation of peace and whole of the first day's session for the implementation of fur- democrary in Central America, would be devoted, would be The ther United Nations intervention Cuba, Equatorial Guinea, World Economy. in the form of the proposed UNOSOM II operation. (To the satisfaction of all in our Intema- tional, UNOSOM II has since been set in motion).

Economlc cooperotlon otr British Iabour Leader and SI Vice-President John Smith intro- duced the council's discussion on international economic coop- eration. (|ohn Smith writes on page 4). Also intervening in this debate, Gro Harlem Brundtland, prime minister of Norway and first vice-president of the Social- ist International, said that'the neo-liberalist market attitudes of the 1980s stand in stark contrast to the real needs of our societies, east and west, north and south. We should now be through with the period of monetarist experi- ments. It should be overwhelm- ingly clear that we are suffereing from a governance deficit. Twen- ty million peopoe are out of work in Europe, an obvious sign that we have not been on the right track'. She spoke of the need for a framework to promote economic recovery and innova- tion as well as environmental improvements. ALGER,,A presented the Secret The Council of the Socialist Interna- Assemblv tional as the' - expresses its sedous concern at the expressed maintenance of the state of emer-

torture; - supports the action of democratic forces for a rapid return to the demo- cratic process.

ANGOLA democracies will depend to a Iarge extent on the success of their econom ic efforts. In this context we see as very expresses its hope for the implemen- dangerous the tendencies to applyneci- tation and enforcement of human liberal economic theories in the rights in Gu process of economic transition with- - Expresses out due care for the social impact of suspenslon ber t992. tion in El Sa The SI delegation, the elections in Angol National Electoral C tries to United Nations, declared that the elec- democr tions could be considered free and fair, and the electoral process and congrat- central and that the results should be accept- ulates the Farabundo Marti National should Liberation Front, FMLN, on their mass media and an effec- incorporation into institutional polit- s direct aid shouldbe dis- ical life, a fact that contributes to rein- economic aid to the gov- forcing the climate of goodwill which became apparent after the signing of party, distribution of income, the sharing of ffsl the social burden, the achievements of lishment n 1994 of a unified national the welfare state and strong democra- government in El Salvador, a govem- tic trade unions are indispensable to ment of national unity, reconciliation the stability of the market economy THE CONSOL'DAT'O'i' OF and reconstruction. system. ' Substantial transfer of real resources, PEACE AND DEMOCRACY technology and investment from the AMERICA western democracies is essential, as is ,N CENTRAL the development of legal and democ- The Council of the Socialist Interna- ratic institutions. Without the con- the an tional declares that: Supports all the decisions of crete transfer of resoutces there is MNRto make the elections of 1994 an obvious risk that economic develop- instrument that will contribute to the ment will be held back, with danger- democratisation of the country. ous consequences for democratic development. We consider the conversion of the military industry in these countdes to be a neCessity, hblping to pave the way the attempts to retum to armed con- for democratic reform and social sta- frontation in orderto solve differences, bility. This process of arms conversion and invites all oolitical and social must also take place in the industri- forces to make eftorts to further dia- alised countries, so that they do not simply expand their sale of arms to replace sales from central and eastern

ca in support of this resolution. arms. The Socialist lntemational calls fort]le

declare itself readv to talk to Havana. The Socialist International, anxious

CUBA The Socialist Intemational observes the situation in Cuba with concern. 3-The Socialist Intemational defends the risht of nations to self-determina- tion, hid down in the Charter of the United Nations. However the SI cate- gorically reiects the type ofnationalism which leads to hatedf discord and war. The Socialist International reaffirms industrialised countries are urgently FURTHERING REG'ONAL needed. The G7 itself will have to AND GLOBAL ECONOM,C COOPERATION force and with respect for the rights of A strotegy for grcrth and the national and ethnic minorities. In employment Revlvlng the Nofth-South this connection, the Socialist Intema- dlologue A renewed commitment to the UN tar-

theearlvand the Toionto elief. Invest- ment in human resources, in educa- poverty-

tion of fundamental and human |B3J"H; rights. commu- The Socialist Intemational should nity's development effort. Encoumglng the envlronment ond swtolnoble development The agreements accepted by the inter- national community at the UN Earth Summit on the ehvironment and doms. It believes that intemational aid development must be carried . The industrialised countries must take required to *ryport Jot the reJomts ln d in Rio oI eosten Eurcpe ond the lormer and reduc- UJSR they must residues oI andintroduceformalandinformaledu- rest of the

and technical assistance, combined with easier credit terms and improved access to the markets of the maior Reform I ng o n d stre ngthe n I ng 39 I nternotlonol f, nonclol lnstltutlons

fHE M'DDLE EAST

Reiterate its condemnation of the The negotiations between Israel andits institutions should be reformed and Arab neighbou$, started in November strengthened and we invite the newly 1991 in Madrid, have reached a seri- formed SI Economic to Committee ous cdsis. It was after a new increase .E develop proposals for consideration by the Socialist lntemational. ,! .i ,i + EQUATOR'AL GUINEA ] arrests, torture, extortion, illtreatment i The Socialist lnternational is following J with concern the events which have .:I '{ s s- i: lof B sof and for President Jean-Bertrand fuis- demands that Israel revoke these :,i

risk i]:

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demands the following: !; 1. AII terrorist activities must be firm- i ment; their own ty by President Obiang. Express its concem for the fate of the represent a The Socialist Intemational calls on thousands of Haitians who have been the current peace process. 2. Israel should fulfil all the demands of Resolution 799 of the United

to this situation; and to demand ftom

338 and the Madrid Initiative. 4. The Socialistlnternationalispleased to see that the Israeli parliamEnt has lifted the ban on contacts with the PLO. Itis nec- essary co S. fh'e So wel- comes HA'T' Israeli policy The Council of the Socialist Interna- 5. Th alised nations, and those cooperating with developing countdes, are called g now what be set up in ries after the retum of the expelled Palestinians, especially in the field of inftastructure. ' 7. The United States, and also the Europeans and the fuab States, must use their influence on those states sup- the ter and spirit of the iudiciary as guar- porting groups in the occupied terri- in ple- anteed under the constitution of Pak- tories which are refusing to negotiate, m the to withdraw that support. 8. The Socialist International invites its Middle East Committee, SIMEC, to

SOMALTA reglon. 9. A peace agreement must include, as The Council of the Socialist Intema- well, an end to intemal conflict and extemal intervention in Lebanon, PAK'STAN

MOZAMBTQUE

democratic elections; Aware of the fact that the curent roves, no cted with-

- Expressits solution to t general, and that it constitutes a test- out the total i-ng ground for the role the UN can play militias still operating in the territory in order to resolve the crisis; and across its borders (total disarma- Convinced that unless we can pro- time. vide the United Nations with all the act effectively we o implemeni the rnational:

phases are fuIIy respected; and that in order to achieve the aforementioned, the foreseen 7,000'blue helmets' must

of the to the of the um to take initiatives to support the UN's edNations inthepreservationof world peace plan; of the press and independence in let- peace; Togo (in Col- ranceandGer- way out of the ional Council, which met in Athens on 9 and 1O Feb-

TOGO

tional community should do its utmost to guarantee their prerogatives and freedom of action; calls upon sponsors to suspend any commit- rfients as Iong as these gudrantees are not ensured; - in view of the seriousness of the sit-

of Dhvsical crueltv: - dhdaction of th'e head of state, Gen- eral Evadema. as suDreme head of the armed forces, who iir 18 months failed to put a stop to these seditious There is a significant risk that armed intervention may prolong and spread the war and add to the suffering and loss of life.

part in th_e process, tr electoral li the results.

THE FORMER We orooose the followins" seven YUGOSLAVIA signpos'ts for the road ahead: kven slgnposB on the rcod to l) We must supporl the London peoce ln lhe former Yugoslovlo Agrcement ond the Genevo Conference

We must reaffirm our commitment to the London Agreement and the inter- national conference on the former

There are renewed hostilities in and around United Nations Protected fueas With its broad-based approach and 4)We must moke all portles its continuous follow-up,rD, the Geneva toke tesponslbtltty for moktng Process still reoresents the onlv viable path, and perliaps the fi+al chirnce, to Peoce defend. Sgttle the eonflict by polilical means. And we must recognise as well that e Primarypnmary we are ieopardising fundamental qual- efforts to ities of oui own future and that of our onference childrenif we failto ensure thathuman end in failure, military options will loom larger. 2) We must support the rcle of the Unlted Notlons The United Nations is already heavily involved in all aspects of the intema- tional effort to ameliorate, contain, and solve the conflict in the former Yugoslavia. It is doing an important iob under exceedingly difficult cir- cumstances, We must give the United Nations the means and resources to complete its daunting task. But even more is at stake. The for- 5) We must cont nue Jo glve top prtorlty to humonltorlon osslstonce 7) We must pnevent Even as losses motrnt from continued prollfemtlon of the confllct nSer must not allow it to fail. 'if; 3) We must oct lotntly and the EC to pr spilling over areas sucn as ust of

ZA'RE The Council meeting of the Socialist Intemational held in Athens on 9-10 6) We must enture rapect for February 1993, gravely concemed by the deterioration of the situation in humon dghts Zaire and the generalised chaos in the end it qeate new divisions in the wider country: - strorislvcondemnstheextortionand massacrEi and holds President Mobutu personally responsible for having blocked a'nd hindered the functionin[ of lawftrl transitional institutions; - reiterates its attachment to the democratic process, the implementa- tion of which constitutes the indis- pensable prerequisite of massrape for economic tigated. The and socialieconstruction of the coun- Conference

commit or condone atrocities and toclallst lnternatlonal CYPRUS GREAT BRITAIN ITALY Pierre Maurov EDEK of The Labour Partv Italian Socialist Partv. PSI Luis Ayala Cyprus lohn Smith Walter Marossi '' Andreas Frydas Clare Short Luca Cefisi Murray Elder Pia Locatelli MEMBER PARTIES CZECH REPUBTIC Roy Trivedy Gian Piero Orsello Czechoslovak Social ARGENTINA Democratic Partv GREECE ,APAN Pooular Socialist Partv. PSP jiri Horiik Panhellenic Socialist .lapan Democratic Socialist Cuillermo Est6vez 6bero Pavel Noviik Movement PASOK Party, DSP Maria del Carmen Vifias Andreas Papandreou Sachiko Taguchi DENMARK Akis Tsochatzoooulos AUSTRIA Social Melina MerkoJri ,APAN Social Democratic Partv of Steen Christensen Social Democratic Partv of Austria, SPO Lasse Budtz lapan, SDPI Peter lankowitsch Ritt Bjerregaard Manae Kubota lrmtraut Karlsson Erik Boel is Kozue Kitsukawa Karl Schramek Susanne Gaugl DOMINICAN REPUBTIC Thanassis Papageorgiou LAwrA Dominican Revolutionary Vassilis Konstantineas Latvian Social Democratic BETGIUM Party, PRD Workers'Party, Socialist Party, PS los6 Fco.Pefla G6mez GUATEMAI.A LSDSP Guy Spitaels Peggy Cabral Democratic Socialist Party, Egils Baldzens Etienne Codin PSD ECUADOR Mario Sol6rzano TEBANON BETGIUM Democratic Left Party, PID Lars Pira Progressive Socialist Party, Socialist Party, SP Rodrigo Borja Aracely Conde PSP Dirk Drilbooms Doureid Yaghi Leona DetiEge EL SATVADOR HAITI National Revolutionary Revolutionary Progressive LITHUANIA BOt_tvlA Movement, MNR Nationalist Party Lithuanian Social Revolutionary Left Victor Manuel Valle of Haiti, PANPM Democratic Party, LSDP Movement, MIR Oscar Bonilla Seroe Gilles Daiva lakaite faime Paz Zamon Anthony Barbier Oscar Eid ESTONlA MALTA Carmen Pereira Estonian Social Democratic ISRAET Malta Party, ESDP lsrael Labour Party Leo Brincat BRAZIT liiri-Karl Seim Nissim Zvili Democratic Labour Party, lsrael Gat MAURITIUS PDT FINI.AND Abraham Hatzamri Mauritius Labour Partv Roberto D'Avila Finnish Social Democratic Nava Arad Joseph Tsang Uan{ Kin Party, SDP Daphna Sharfman BULGARIA Kalevi Sorsa Rodica Tanner MOROCCO Bulgarian Social Democratic Ulf Sundqvist Socialist Union of Pooular Party, BSDP Unto Vesa ISRAEL Forces, USFP Petar Dertliev Tuula Haatainen United Workers' Party of Mohamed Lakhssassi Peter Kornadjev lsrael, MAPAM Nouzha Chekrouni Zahari Karamfilov FRANCE Elazar Granot Dimitrin Vitchev Socialist ParW, PS Monica Pollack NETHERI.ANDS lsabel Uribe G6rard Fuths Esther Mordoch Labour Party, PvdA G6rard Collomb Abraham Rozenkier Jan Marinus Wiersma BURKINA FASO Ren6e Freoosi Arend Hilhorst Progressive Front of Upper Bertrand druon ITATY Bert Koenders Vo|ta, FPV Alain Chenal Democratic Party of the Piet Dankert Joseph Ki-Zerbo Guy Labertit Left, PDS MarlEne Haas Maurice Lazar Piero Fassino CHILE Brigitte Bloch Luigi Colajanni NEW ZEAI.AND Radical Party, PR Roberto Cuillo New Zealand Labour Partv Carlos Gonz5lez M6rquez GERMANY Donato Di Santo Kerry Burke lv6n Mesfas Marisa Rodano Alejandro Montesino Raffaella Chiodo NORWAY Marcos Alvarez Elga Montagna Norwegian Labour Party, ki DNA ITATY Gro Harlem Brundtland Veronika lsenbero Italian Democratic Socialist Thorvald Stoltenbero Wolfgang Weege" Party, PSDI Siri Blerke lvanka Corti PORTUGAT USA TUNISIA lnternational Union of Socialist Party, P5 Social Democrats USA, Popular Unity Movement, Socialist Youth, Ant6nio Cuterres SDUSA MUP IUSY los6 Lamego loel Freedman Ahmed Ben Salah Alfred Gusenbauer Roger Hdllhag PUERTO RICO VENEZUEI.A URUGUAY Ricard Torrell Puerto Rican lndependence Democratic Action, AD Party for People's Gabriela Sch