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Annals of the History and Philosophy of Biology he name DGGTB (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Geschichte und Theorie Deutsche Gesellschaft für der Biologie; German Society for the History and Philosophy of Biology) reflT ects recent history as well as German tradition. The Society is a relatively Geschichte und Theorie der Biologie late addition to a series of German societies of science and medicine that began with the “Deutsche Gesellschaft für Geschichte der Medizin und der Naturwissenschaften”, founded in 1910 by Leipzig University’s Karl Annals of the History Sudhoff (1853-1938), who wrote: “We want to establish a ‘German’ society in order to gather German-speaking historians together in our special and Philosophy of Biology disciplines so that they form the core of an international society…”. Yet Sudhoff, at this time of burgeoning academic internationalism, was “quite Volume 21 (2016) willing” to accommodate the wishes of a number of founding members and “drop the word German in the title of the Society and have it merge formerly Jahrbuch für with an international society”. The founding and naming of the Society at Geschichte und Theorie der Biologie that time derived from a specifi c set of historical circumstances, and the same was true some 80 years later when in 1991, in the wake of German reunifi cation, the “Deutsche Gesellschaft für Geschichte und Theorie der Biologie” was founded. From the start, the Society has been committed to bringing studies in the history and philosophy of biology to a wide audience, using for this purpose its Jahrbuch für Geschichte und Theorie der Biologie. Parallel to the Jahrbuch, the Verhandlungen zur Geschichte und Theorie der Biologie has become the by now traditional medium for the publication of papers delivered at the Society’s annual meetings. In 2005 the Jahrbuch was renamed Annals of the History and Philosophy of Annals of the History and Philosophy Biology, Vol. 21 (2016) Biology, refl ecting the Society’s internationalist aspirations in addressing comparative biology as a subject of historical and philosophical studies. DGGTB eISSN: 2512-5923 Universitätsverlag Göttingen Universitätsverlag Göttingen Manuscripts should be submitted to the managing editor. Submissions will be peer reviewed. Annals of the History and Philosophy of Biology, Volume 21 (2016) The preferred language is English. Articles in German should be accompanied by a short (max. 1000 words) summary in English. Inhalt Managing Editor Dr. Christian Reiß 1 André Karliczek Professur für Wissenschaftsgeschichte Die Ausnahme bestätigt die Regel, und widerlegt das Gesetz. Die Bedeutung Universität Regensburg des Abnormen für die Theorienbildung von Fortpflanzung und Entwicklung 93040 Regensburg am Beispiel von Präformation und Epigenetik ......................................................... 1 Germany Email: [email protected] 2 Kerrin Klinger & Michael Markert Der Apfel als bildungshistorisches Meta-Exempel: Zum Umgang mit Editors Naturdingen im Unterricht im langen 19. Jahrhundert ........................................... 29 Uwe Hoßfeld, Jena, Germany 3 Michael Mielewczik & Janine Moll Lennart Olsson, Jena, Germany Spinach in Blunderland: How the myth that spinach is rich in iron became Christian Reiß, Regensburg, Germany an urban academic legend ....................................................................................... 61 Editorial Board 4 Martin Battran Ingo Brigandt, Edmonton, Canada Lamarck’sches Denken und Lamarckismus in Deutschland – eine Ariane Dröscher, Bologna, Italy wechselvolle Geschichte über 200 Jahre ............................................................... 143 Eve-Marie Engels, Tübingen, Germany Gabriel W. Finkelstein, Denver, USA 5 Jörg Schulz, Jörg Pittelkow & Uwe Hoßfeld Nick Hopwood, Cambridge, UK Zur Entwicklung der Humangenetik in Deutschland in wechselnden Thomas Junker, Frankfurt/Main, Germany Spannungsbereichen zwischen Politik und Pragmatismus .................................... 181 Ulrich Kutschera, Kassel, Germany 6 Hans-Jörg Wilke Georgy S. Levit, Kassel, Germany Der Wandel der Tierillustration im Schulbuch der Naturgeschichte/Biologie Amos Morris-Reich, Haifa, Israel (1870–1930) .......................................................................................................... 205 Staffan Müller-Wille, Exeter, UK Kärin Nickelsen, Munich, Germany 7 Michael Schmitt & Walter Sudhaus Hans-Jörg Rheinberger, Berlin, Germany 60 years of Phylogenetisches Symposium, a scientific meeting Robert Richards, Chicago, USA with a difference .................................................................................................... 247 Marsha L. Richmond, Detroit, USA Nicolaas A. Rupke, Lexington, USA Hans-Konrad Schmutz, Zürich/Winterthur, Switzerland Michal Simunek, Prague, Czech Republic Georg Töpfer, Berlin, Germany David M. Williams, London, UK Volker Wissemann, Gießen, Germany Deutsche Gesellschaft für Geschichte und Theorie der Biologie (Ed.) Annals of the History and Philosophy of Biology Vol. 21 (2016) This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Annals of the History and Philosophy of Biology; Volume 21 (2016) Universitätsverlag Göttingen 2018 Deutsche Gesellschaft für Geschichte und Theorie der Biologie (Ed.) Annals of the History and Philosophy of Biology Vol. 21 (2016) Universitätsverlag Göttingen 2018 Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available on the Internet at http://dnb.dnb.de. Managing Editor of the Annals of the History and Philosophy of Biology Dr. Christian Reiß Professur für Wissenschaftsgeschichte Universität Regensburg 93040 Regensburg Germany E-Mail: [email protected] Cover Picture: Friedrich Besemann: Leinekanal mit akademischem Museum und Graetzelhaus. Aquarellierte Federzeichung 1860. Graphische Sammlung des Städtischen Museums Göttingen Layout: Christian Reiß Cover Design: Kilian Klapp, Maren Büttner © 2018 Universitätsverlag Göttingen https://univerlag.uni-goettingen.de DOI: https://doi.org/10.17875/gup2018-1125 eISSN: 2512-5923 Annals of the History and Philosophy of Biology, Volume 21 (2016) Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 André Karliczek Die Ausnahme bestätigt die Regel, und widerlegt das Gesetz. Die Bedeutung des Abnormen für die Theorienbildung von Fortpflanzung und Entwicklung am Beispiel von Präformation und Epigenetik………………………………………………………1 2 Kerrin Klinger & Michael Markert Der Apfel als bildungshistorisches Meta-Exempel: Zum Umgang mit Naturdingen im Unterricht im langen 19. Jahrhundert…………29 3. Michael Mielewczik & Janine Moll Spinach in Blunderland: How the myth that spinach is rich in iron became an urban academic legend………………………………… 61 4 Martin Battran Lamarck´sches Denken und Lamarckismus in Deutschland – eine wechselvolle Geschichte über 200 Jahre…………………………...143 5 Jörg Schulz, Jörg Pittelkow & Uwe Hoßfeld Zur Entwicklung der Humangenetik in Deutschland in wechselnden Spannungsbereichen zwischen Politik und Pragmatismus………………………………………….………….181 6 Hans-Jörg Wilke Der Wandel der Tierillustration im Schulbuch der Naturgeschichte/ Biologie (1870-1930)………………………...….205 7 Michael Schmitt & Walter Sudhaus 60 years of Phylogenetisches Symposium, a scientific meeting with a difference………………………………………………..…247 Spinach in Blunderland: How the myth that spinach is rich in iron became an urban academic legend Michael Mielewczik & Janine Moll Abstract: The claim that spinach contains a lot of iron is one of the longest standing myths in science. In recent decades, this early error though has become widely known to the public and several theories were proclaimed, how this misconception was born. The most famous one, known in many varieties and reported in numerous books and scientific journals, is that a simple decimal error occurred. More recently it was claimed that the story of the decimal error is itself a myth and that Popeye against popular belief originally did not eat spinach for its iron content. Unfortunately, not much is known on how urban academic legends and popular mis- beliefs in medicine and natural sciences develop and how both facts and errors are popularized. Following an in-depth literature search, the article reports how spinach in the historical and publishing context became popularized as a healthy vegetable rich in iron and how and when this myth was debunked. Briefly, all previous analyses on the origin of the myth only told part of the story. Popularization of spinach as an iron rich vegetable fist occurred in the 1850s. The following propagation of the myth, however, was based on a complex interaction involving scientists, journalists and popular culture, which emphasizes that the impact of science and propagation of ideas is inadequately covered by classic citation links and networks. 62 Spinach in Blunderland – How Spinach became rich in iron “In between the lines, there’s a lot of obscurity. …. I know you know, that I’m not telling the truth. I know you know, they just don’t have any proof. Embrace the deception, learn how to bend Your worst inhibitions tend to psych you out in the end.” (Steve Franks 2006) Scientists are human and as such we relish humour, irony and satire as much as everybody else. Above all we seem to cherish a good story telling. The scientific narrative we form in every one of our articles is essentially proof of this. Yet like every other human we as scientists can err – “Errare humanum est”1
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