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Agents and Objects. Children in Pre-Modern Europe

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ACTA INSTITUTI ROMANI FINLANDIAE ACTA ACTA INSTITUTI ROMANI FINLANDIAE VOL. 42 IRF 1. Sylloge inscriptionum Christianarum veterum Musei Vaticani 42 Ediderunt commentariisque instruxerunt sodales Instituti Romani 21. HEIKKI SOLIN. Analecta epigraphica 1970-1997 Finlandiae curante HENRICO ZILLIACUS, 1-2, 1963. Iterum edenda indicibusque instruenda curavit Michael Kajava amicis adiuvantibus, 1998. 2. 1. Onomastic Studies in the Early Christian Inscriptions of Rome 22. Female Networks and the Public Sphere in Roman Society and Carthage by IIRO KAJANTO, 1963. [Out of print] edited by PÄIVI SETÄLÄ and LIISA SAVUNEN, 1999. 2. Biometrical Notes by HENRIK NORDBERG, 1963. [Out of print] and objects – children in pre-modern europe AGENTS 3. A Study of the Greek Epitaphs of Rome 23. The Roman Middle Republic IRO AJANTO by I K , 1963. [Out of print] Politics, religion, and historiography c. 400 - 133 B.C. edited by CHRISTER BRUUN, 2000. [Out of print] 3-4. Graffiti del Palatino raccolti ed editi sotto la direzione di VEIKKO VÄÄNÄNEN. 24. Magistrates and Assemblies. A Study of Legislative Practice in 3. Paedagogium Republican Rome by KAJ SANDBERG, 2001. a cura di HEIKKI SOLIN e MARJA ITKONEN-KAILA, 1966. 4. Domus Tiberiana AGENTS AND OBJECTS 25. Women, Wealth and Power in the Roman Empire a cura di PAAVO CASTRÉN e HENRIK LILIUS, 1970. by PÄIVI SETÄLÄ, RIA BERG et al., 2002. 5. Studies in the Romanization of Etruria CHILDREN IN PRE-MODERN EUROPE by PATRICK BRUUN et al., 1975. [Out of print] 26. Vettius Agorius Praetextatus. A senatorial Life in Between by MAIJASTINA KAHLOS, 2002. 6. Le iscrizioni della necropoli dell’Autoparco Vaticano edite sotto la direzione di VEIKKO VÄÄNÄNEN, 1973. 27. Ostia e Portus nelle loro relazioni con Roma a cura di CHRISTER BRUUN e ANNA GALLINA ZEVI, 2002. 7. Lateres signati Ostienses sotto la direzione di JAAKKO SUOLAHTI. 28. The Roman Curia, the Apostolic Penitentiary and the Partes in editors 1. Testo di MARGARETA STEINBY in collaborazione con TAPIO HELEN, the Later Middle Ages 1978. 2. Tavole di MARGARETA STEINBY, 1977. IRSI ALONEN HRISTIAN RÖTZL edited by K S and C K , 2003. KATARIINA MUSTAKALLIO & JUSSI HANSKA 8. Ordo Populusque Pompeianus. 29. Le scritture dai monasteri Polity and Society in Roman Pompeii by PAAVO CASTRÉN, 1975. Sec- Atti del II° seminario “I Monasteri nell’alto medioevo” ond edition, 1983. a cura di FLAVIA DE RUBEIS e WALTER POHL, 2003. 9. 1. Organization of Roman Brick Production in the First and 30. Le iscrizioni sepolcrali latine nell’Isola Sacra Second Centuries A.D. An interpretation of Roman Brick Stamps edite sotto la direzione di ANNE HELTTULA, 2007 by TAPIO HELEN, 1975. Indices. 1977. Offprint from Ann. Sc. Fenn., Diss. Hum. Litt. 5. [Out of print] 31. Technology, Ideology, Water: from Frontinus to the Renaissance 2. Private Domini in Roman Brick Stamps of the Empire and Beyond A Historical and Prosopographical Study of Landowners in the edited by CHRISTER BRUUN and ARI SAASTAMOINEN, 2003. District of Rome by PÄIVI SETÄLÄ, 1977. Offprint from Ann. Sc. Fenn., Diss. Hum. Litt. 10. 32. Interpretare i bolli laterizi di Roma e della Valle del Tevere: 10. Villa Lante al Gianicolo produzione, storia economica e topografia L’architettura e la decorazione pittorica a cura di CHRISTER BRUUN, 2005. di HENRIK LILIUS. 1. Testo. 2. Tavole e figure, 1981. 33. Hoping for Continuity. Childhood, Education and Death in 11. Indici complementari ai bolli doliari urbani (CIL XV, 1) Antiquity and the Middle Ages di EVA MARGARETA STEINBY, 1987. edited by KATARIINA MUSTAKALLIO, JUSSI HANSKA et al., 2005. 12. Studies in Constantinian Numismatics. Papers from 1954 to 1988 34. Gunnar Mickwitz nella storiografia europea tra le due guerre by PATRICK BRUUN, 1991. [Out of print] Atti del Colloquio all’Institutum Romanum Finlandiae, 6-7 giugno 2005, a cura di MIKA KAJAVA, 2007. 13. Senatus populusque Romanus Studies in Roman Republican Legislation by UNTO PAANANEN et al., 35. Dediche sacre nel mondo greco-romano. Religious Dedications in 1993. the Greco-Roman World Institutum Romanum Finlandiae, American Academy in Rome, 19-20 14. Roman Female Praenomina aprile 2006, a cura di JOHN BODEL e MIKA KAJAVA, 2009. Studies in the Nomenclature of Roman Women by MIKA KAJAVA, 1994. 36. De amicitia. Friendship and Social Networks in Antiquity and the Middle Ages 15. Studi storico-epigrafici sul Lazio antico edited by KATARIINA MUSTAKALLIO and CHRISTIAN KRÖTZL, 2010. a cura di HEIKKI SOLIN, MIKA KAJAVA et al., 1996. 37. Wolfgang Helbig e la scienza dell’antichità del suo tempo 16. Ianiculum - Gianicolo. Storia, topografia, monumenti, leggende a cura di SIMO ÖRMÄ e KAJ SANDBERG, 2011. dall’antichità fino al rinascimento a cura diE VA MARGARETA STEINBY, 1996. 38. Lacus Iuturnae II - 1. Relazioni di scavo e conclusioni. 17. Le iscrizioni urbane ad Anagni 2. Materiali, a cura di EVA MARGARETA STEINBY, 2012. edizione a cura di HEIKKI SOLIN e PEKKA TUOMISTO, schede di MIKA KAJAVA et al., 1996. 39. Changing Minds. Communication and Influence in the High and Later Middle Ages 18. Birds in Mosaics. A Study of Representation of Birds in Hellenistic edited by CHRISTIAN KRÖTZL and MIIKKA TAMMINEN, 2013. and Romano-Campanian Tesselated Mosaics to the Early Augustan Age, by ANTERO TAMMISTO, 1997. 40. Studies in Ancient Oracles and Divination edited by MIKA KAJAVA, 2013. 19. Epigrafi e studi epigrafici in Finlandia a cura di HEIKKI SOLIN, CHRISTER BRUUN et al., 1998. 41. Religious Participation in Ancient and Medieval Societies Rituals, Interaction and Identity 20. Kult und Kaiser edited by SARI KATAJALA-PELTOMAA and VILLE VUOLANTO, 2013. Studien zu Kaiserkult und Kaiserverehrung in den germanischen Provinzen und in Gallia Belgica zur römischen Kaiserzeit von UTA- 42. Agents and Objects – Children in Pre-modern Europe MARIA LIERTZ, 1998. edited by KATARIINA MUSTAKALLIO and JUSSI HANSKA, 2015. ROMA 2015 AGENTS AND OBJECTS CHILDREN IN PRE-MODERN EUROPE editors KATARIINA MUSTAKALLIO & JUSSI HANSKA ACTA INSTITUTI ROMANI FINLANDIAE Vol. 42 AGENTS AND OBJECTS CHILDREN IN PRE-MODERN EUROPE editors Katariina Mustakallio & Jussi Hanska ROMA 2015 Direttore degli Acta Instituti Romani Finlandiae MIKA KAJAVA Institutum Classicum, PO Box 24 FIN – 00014 Universitas Helsingiensis Comitato scientifico TUOMAS HEIKKILÄ – MIKA KAJAVA – MIKA LAVENTO Redazione SIMO ÖRMÄ, Roma Redazione del vol. 42 KATARIINA MUSTAKALLIO & JUSSI HANSKA Cover illustration Valentin de Boulogne, Historia d’Italia (Institutum Romanum Finlandiae, Roma), detail (photo Alessandro Vasari) eISSN 2499-1392 eISBN 978-88-7140-691-6 © Institutum Romanum Finlandiae Roma 2015 www.irfrome.org Contents Children in Pre-modern Europe, Agents and/or Objects? 7 Bibliography 11 ELINA PYY, The Horatii Legend and the Ambivalence of Youthful Heroism 39 SONIA TAIAROL, Representations of Children and Juveniles in the Painted Tombs of Tarquinia 57 SANNA JOSKA, Symbols of Continuity: Greek Senatorial Families and Honorific Dedications to the Children of Marcus Aurelius and Faustina the Younger 83 VILLE VUOLANTO, Children and Work. Family Strategies and Socialisation in the Roman and Late Antique Egypt 97 MIKKO PENTTI, The Role of Servants in the Upbringing of the Roman Elite Girls in Late Antiquity 113 SARI KATAJALA-PELTOMAA, Learning by Doing: Pilgrimages as a Means of Socialisation in the Late Middle Ages 133 JENNI KUULIALA, Unlikely Heroes: A Study on Three Miracle Narratives of Disabled Beggar Children in Late Thirteenth-Century Hagiographic Sources 147 JUSSI HANSKA, Education of Royal Princes. The Case of St Louis of Toulouse 169 SVETLANA HAUTALA, Why Did the Ancient Romans Put Toys in their Children’s Graves? Interpretations from the Era of Antiquarianism to 20th Century Anthropology 179 Children in Pre-modern Europe, Agents and/or Objects? This book is about children and young people, boys and girls, rich and poor, disabled and healthy, in different contexts in pre-modern societies. It is a result of two interwoven research projects, the firstReligion and Child- hood. Socialisation in the Pre-Modern Europe from the Roman Empire to the Christian World (2009-2012) funded by the Academy of Finland, and the other Childhood and Socialisation by the Institutum Romanum Finlandiae in Rome (2009-2013), both directed by Katariina Mustakallio. The main concern of both projects was the role and agency of children, an attempt to find out the extent to which we are able to reach and realise the agency of children and young people in different circumstances in Antiquity and the Middle Ages. The two research teams, that of the Academy of Finland and that of the Finnish Institute in Rome, have utilised various source materials in studying different forms of socialisation of children - Etruscan wall paintings, Greek and Roman epigraphy and Classical literature, ancient historiography, papyrus docu- ments from Roman Egypt, letters of the Church Fathers, medieval miracle collections and hagiography, as well as late medieval canonisation inquiries. The methods and approaches used in this context are multi- disciplinary, that is, those of classical and medieval studies and their subfields, as well as social history, art history, anthropology and the social sciences. The common interests of the two research projects cover the socialisation process and the agency of children and young people. The active social process by which the social personhood of the young was constructed, negotiated and re-constructed is of special interest. At the same time the interactions between children and the people with whom they were in contact, peers, teachers, clients are brought into focus. This longue durée approach to the problems of social history in the ancient and medieval world has recently been introduced into the research activities of the Finnish Institute in Rome, but has long been one of the main themes of the Trivium – Centre for the Classical, Medieval and Early Modern Studies at the University of Tampere. It has led to numerous joint research projects and publications, and to the on-going Passages from Antiquity to the Middle Ages conference -series.
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    \> s %w n vj- jo>" <riuoNvso^ "%jaim jv\v CAIIF0%, ^OFCALIFOfy^ .\Wl)NIVERS//, ^lOS-ANCflfj> k avnan-# ^AHVHaiB^ <Ti130KVS01^ %UMNfUWV Or ^lOSANCHfj^ s&HIBRARYQr ^tllBRARYQr jonv-sov^ ^/MAINfHtW ^0JITV3JO^ ^fOJITCHO^ ^clOSANCflfj> ^OFCAllF0fy> ^OFCAllFOfy* y6>A«va8n^ ^ILIBRARY^ ^EUNIVERS/a v^lOSANCFlfj> ^TilJDNV-SOl^ ^uainihwv" ^OFCAUFOfy* «AVK-UNIVERJ/a vj^lOSANCfl^ ^AHvaan-3^ i»soi^ 'fySMAINA-flfc* UNIVERT/a «AUI8RAR" wfrllBRARYfl/v ^JDNV-SQl^ ^MAINA-fl^ >• 1 ^*^T T © c? 3s. y& ^?AavHan# AfcUK-ANGElfj> ^t LIBRARY/^ 4$UIBRARY0/ > =z li ^ ce o %3MN(1MV >2- ^lOS-ANCEtfju ^0FCAItF(% ^OFCAllFOfy* o : 1^ /0* A o o I? ^/hhainii-mv y0Aavaan# Y-Or ^UIBKARY0/ ^WtUN!VERi'/A >^UfcANCElfJ> jO^ ^OillVJJO^ <^HDNV-S0V^ ^/mainihw^ Q ^OFCAllFOfi^ AttEUNIVERS/A ^clOSANCElfj^ \ 4^ % N B* y0AUvaan^ <^U3NVS0V^ ^saBAiNfi aW^* R% **UK-ANCHfj> ^tfUBRARYQr ^tllBRARYQr r 1 H-^£ k)g 3 OLD FLORENCE AND MODERN TUSCANY books by the same author Florentine Villas Illustrated with Photogravure Reproduc- tions of Zocchi's Engravings of the Villas ; of sixteen Medals in the Bargello; and of a Death Mask of Lorenzo the Magnificent. Also with text illustrations by Nf.i.i.y Erichskn. Also a Large Paper Edition. Imperial 4to, £$ Jf.net. Leaves from our Tuscan Kitchen ; or how to cook vegetables With Photogravure Frontispiece. Fools- cap Svo, zs. 6d. net. [Third Edition. Letters from the East, 1837-1857 By Hf.nrv James Ross. Edited by his Wile, Janet Ross. With Photogravure Portraits, and Illustrations from Photo- graphs. Demy 8vo, 12s. 6d. net. In preparation Florentine Palaces f 3 ^ '* — OLD FLORENCE AND MODERN TUSCANY BY JANET ROSS v '.OW'ttJflBl L«f i**J>-l>W.
  • RECKFORD, Recognizing Persius

    RECKFORD, Recognizing Persius

    CJ ONLINE 2009.09.03 Recognizing Persius. By KENNETH J. RECKFORD. Princeton: Prince- ton University Press, 2009. Pp. x + 240. Cloth, $45.00 / £30.95. ISBN 978–0–691–14141–1. Don’t even think of recognizing Persius from the gaunt Louvre Chrysippus glowering from the dust jacket; and as a likeness of Kenneth Reckford, forget it, that’s just as bad a joke. Persius surfed briefly on the youth surge of glitzy Neronian Rome; R. is the old- and-new emeritus of Chapel Hill, playing drama queen down the decades and perennially funsome. Neither of them match the icon. Pooh, Oz and Tolkien have kept as firm a grip on R.’s literary soul as the grand chain Homer-Virgil-Dante-Eliot-Housman. Trying to get Old Comedy right on stage as a student kicked off a life project in and on theatre, taking in Euripides and Plautus, translation, scholar- ship, teaching, direction, production, in thoroughgoing performativ- ity. R. hasn’t stopped getting Latin poetry to leap from the page and into everyone in the vicinity, and doesn’t aim to any time soon. This latest instalment on the offbeat verse of the Roman satirists sits be- side the Horace of 1969 (one product seeded by the 1957 PhD, Horace, Augustan and Epicurean), and I dare say R. has a Juvenal in his grasp; but dry old stick? Never. It’s easy to recognize in this perpolished Persius a teenager’s forma- tive induction into early ‘50s Harvard humanism, specifically in- spired by Satire lectures from RAB (Robert A.