L ACHIEVEMENTS ENVIRONMENTA CK PAPER SA Y: IN THE PAPER INDUSTR AND KRAFT AINABILITY BUILDING SUST INTRODUCTION EUROPEAN COMMISSION THE « CLIMATE ACTION PLAN »

A long term partnership links the forest to the paper sack industry. In 2008, the European Commission has voted the « Climate Action Plan » Indeed, the forest plays a major part in our business, continuously in order to reduce Europe’s overall emissions by at least 20% by 2020. providing natural fibre while absorbing CO2 for its own growth.

The renewability of our raw material and the recycling of paper, make The « 20-20-20 ACTION PLAN » consists of: the paper sack industry naturally eco-friendly. Cutting greenhouse gas emission by 20% For 15 YEARS, the Kraft paper and paper sack industry Using 20 % of renewable energy has documented its environmental impact, running Improving energy efficiency by20% various Life Cycle Studies.

This document, based on a study run by the Swedish Research Institute, Innventia, aims at giving simple answers to fundamental questions: What is our environmental impact? How has our industry reduced its emissions? What are the technical solutions that have enabled this progress? What is our CARBON FOOTPRINT? and How do we measure it?

The paper sack and Kraft paper industry is a part of the solution to this global change, largely using biomass fuels and renewable materials. 2 INDUSTRY AND NATURE, TWO WORLDS NATURALLY LINKED The forest plays a major part in the process, and our industry contributes A VIRTUOUS CIRCLE to its sustainability.

1. Our industry uses natural fibre, from tree thinning and from process waste of the timber industry. The forest is a natural and renewable resource. 3. Absorption 2. Emission 2. The Kraft paper and paper sack industry emits CO2.

1. Natural fibre 3. Forests absorb CO2 during their growth in the photosyntesis process. The trees in a forest can trap large amounts of CO2 and store it. 3 1 m of wood captures 1 t of CO2 while emiting 0.7 t of O2.

4. Thanks to sustainable forestry management, the paper sack industry has a positive land use. 4. Forest

In sustainably managed forests, new trees are continuously replanted. Today the wood surface in Europe is expanding by 510 000 ha per year. New saplings are replanted THE PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE Recycling From production to recovery :

Energy recovery

Kraft paper Paper sack Customer Wood Composting manufacturing manufacturing use

3 IMPROVEMENTS IN FIGURES THE KRAFT PAPER & PAPER SACK INDUSTRY A PIONEER IN LIFE CYCLE INVENTORY STUDIES

For 15 years our industry has run studies to measure its environmental impact, providing the basis for continuous improvement.

RECENT IMPROVEMENTS HAVE BEEN MADE IN 4 MAIN CATEGORIES: • REDUCTION in purchased electricity • REDUCTION in greenhouse gas emissions • OPTIMISATION of material use • REDUCTION in fossil fuel consumption PAPER SACK Today more than 50% of the total energy consumption of the European pulp and paper industry comes MILL CONVERTER from biomass fuels which are CO2 neutral. electricity network chemicals sawmill water chips market & wood fuels other sack pulp components

KRAFT PAPER

11 Kraft paper mills have contributed to the study, giving a good European average. The results are gate-to-gate, thus analysing the production process itself. Between 2003 and 2007, the Kraft paper industy has reduced by 46 % its fossil fuel consumption, by 46 % its fossil CO2 emission and by 36 % its purchased electricity.

Fossil fuel consumption [GJ/t] Fossil CO2 [kg CO2/t] Purchased electricity [kWh/t]

2,4 200 2,5 172 1000 942 % 46% 36% 2,0 46 150 decrease 800 decrease decrease 1,5 Peat CO2 emissions are 600 600 1,25 100 98 based on the fuel Hard coal consumption provided 1,0 Natural gas by the mill, and by the 400 50 IPCC (Intergovernmental 0,5 Diesel oil Panel on Climate 200 Light fuel oil Change) emissions 0,0 Heavy fuel oil 0 factors. 0 2003 2007 2003 2007 2003 2007 4

Fossil fuel consumption [GJ/t] Fossil CO2 [kg CO2/t] Purchased electricity [kWh/t]

0,5 0,5 30 28 200 % 172 20 decrease 0,4 25 61% 150 139 63% 20 decrease CO2 emissions are 0,3 decrease based on the fuel Natural gas 15 consumption provided 100 0,2 0,19 Diesel oil 11 by the mill, and by the 10 IPCC (Intergovernmental Light fuel oil 50 0,1 Panel on Climate Heavy fuel oil 5 Change) emissions 0,0 0 factors. 0 2003 2007 2003 2007 2003 2007 IMPROVEMENTS IN FIGURES TECHNICAL EVOLUTION TOWARDS A GREENER PROCESS

For decades, Research and Development has made huge progress, constantly improving paper resistance, elasticity and porosity. Fossil fuel consumption [GJ/t] Fossil CO2 [kg CO2/t] Purchased electricity [kWh/t] The average weight of a paper sack is now 130 gr, 2,4 200 25 % less than 15 years ago. 2,5 172 1000 942 % 46% 10 years ago 3 sheets of Kraft paper were required36% to produce a 2,0 46 150 decrease 800 decrease decrease standard paper sack, now there are only 2 sheets or even 1 sheet. CO2 emissions are 600 1,5 Peat 98 600 PAPER SACK1,25 100 based on the fuel All of the inks used are water based CONVERTER Hard coal consumption provided MILL 1,0 Natural gas by the mill, and by the 400 and most of the glues are starch based. Diesel oil 50 IPCC (Intergovernmental electricity 0,5 network chemicals Panel on Climate 200 sawmill water chips Light fuel oil ModernChange) emissions sack manufacturing technology allows the optimisation of factors. market & wood 0,0 fuels other sack Heavy fuel oil 0 0 the components used. pulp 2003 2007components 2003 2007 2003 2007

PAPER SACK 12 paper sack plants have contributed to the study, giving a good European average. The results are gate-to-gate, thus analysing the production process itself. Between 2003 and 2007, the paper sack industy has reduced by 63 % its fossil fuel consumption, by 61 % its fossil CO2 emission and by 20 % its purchased electricity.

Fossil fuel consumption [GJ/t] Fossil CO2 [kg CO2/t] Purchased electricity [kWh/t]

0,5 0,5 30 28 200 % 172 20 decrease 0,4 25 61% 150 139 63% 20 decrease CO2 emissions are 0,3 decrease based on the fuel Natural gas 15 consumption provided 100 0,2 0,19 Diesel oil 11 by the mill, and by the 10 IPCC (Intergovernmental Light fuel oil 50 0,1 Panel on Climate Heavy fuel oil 5 Change) emissions 0,0 0 factors. 0 2003 2007 2003 2007 2003 2007 5 WHAT IS A HOW TO CALCULATE « CARBON FOOTPRINT » ? THE CARBON FOOTPRINT ? A. THE KRAFT PAPER PROGRESSES 2 C O

« CARBON FOOTPRINT » is the measure of the impact of a product or CEPI (Confederation of European Paper Industry) and CITPA service on the climate. (International Confederation of Paper and Board Converters in The expression relates to carbon dioxide which is the most common Europe) have developed a sector wide carbon footprint framework greenhouse gas and a contributor to global warming. forming the basis for companies to report their carbon footprint.

The unit of measure is kg of CO2. 10 toes are theorically considered, 5 of them have been specifically When another gas is concerned such as methane, it is converted in analysed here: CO2 - eq (eq = equivalent).

1 Carbon sequestration in forests. 2 Carbon stored in forest products. 3 Greenhouse gas emissions from forest product manufacturing facilities. 2 4 Greenhouse gas emissions associated with producing fibre. O 5 Greenhouse gas emissions2 associated with producing other raw C materials/fuels. O 6 T Greenhouse gas emissions associated with purchased electricity, IN C R steam, heat, hot and cold water. TP T O IN FO 7 Transport-related greenhouse gasR emissions. ON TP ARB O C 8 O Emissions associated with F product use. . N 9 Emissions associatedB withO product end-of-life. R A 10 Avoided emissionsC and offsets.

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2 C O

T RIN OTP FO N BO R A C CARBON FOOTPRINT CARBON FOOTPRINT FOR KRAFT PAPER FOR PAPER SACK

The total amount of fossil CO2-eq during the production of 1000 kg of The total amount of fossil CO2-eq during the production of 1000 kg European average Kraft paper (composition: 80% unbleached, 20% of European average paper sack (composition of the Kraft paper bleached Kraft paper) is 519 kg CO2-eq/t. used in the paper sacks: 77% unbleached, 23% bleached) is The carbon footprint for Kraft paper takes into consideration cradle- 800 kg CO2-eq/t (or 114 gr/sack). to-gate factors: from wood to Kraft paper production. The carbon footprint for paper sacks takes into consideration cradle- to-gate factors: from wood to paper sack production.

Sources of emissions in the carbon footprint for European average Kraft paper: Sources of emissions in the carbon footprint for European average paper sack:

1 % Direct emission 3 % Transport 1 % Direct emission 3 % Transport at production site at production site 4 % Production of purchased fuels 3 % Production of purchased pulp 4 % Production of purchased fuels 3 % Production of purchased pulp

6 % Transport 11 % Production purchased fuels 6 % Transport 11 % Production purchased fuels

12 % Production of 13 % Forestry 12 % Production of 13 % Forestry purchased electricity purchased electricity 18 % Direct emissions 18 % Direct emissions at production site at production site 14 % Production 14 % Production of sack components 20 % Production of chemicals of sack components 20 % Production of chemicals

63 % Production of kraft paper 34 % Production of 63 % Production of kraft paper 34 % Production of purchased electricity purchased electricity

THESE FIGURES DO NOT TAKE INTO ACCOUNT THE CARBON SEQUESTERED BY TREES. However, it is a well-known fact that sustainably managed forests act as a carbon sink.

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20% 20% Production of chemicals Production of chemicals 18% 18% Direct emissions Direct emissions at production site at production site 13% 13% Forestry Forestry 11% 11% Production purchased fuels Production purchased fuels 3% 3% Transports Transports 3% 3% Production of Production of purchased pulp purchased pulp The paper sack industry, naturally sustainable

You can download the full LCI Study on the Eurosac and CEPI Eurokraft websites.

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