DOCSLIB.ORG

The Road to Warenburg Interpreting a Village with Maps and Images

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Road to Warenburg Interpreting a Village with Maps and Images The Road to Warenburg Interpreting a Village with Maps and Images Created by Richard Kisling in collaboration with Ronald Brott Presented by Richard Kisling American Historical Society of Germans from Russia Virtual Conference, July 13, 2021 Acknowledgements Thanks to the following individuals for their specialized help and support in preparing this presentation. Ronald Brott, Ankeny, Iowa: Warenburg Village Coordinator (history), [email protected] Sharon White, Taylorsville, Utah: Warenburg Village Coordinator (genealogy), [email protected] Natalia Chumakova, Saratov, Russia: information on Warenburg and about her grandmother, Leocadia Yanovna Tokareva (“Leocadia Peterson” in this presentation) Permissions for use of photographs: Aleksandr Bashkatov, Saratov, Russia; Denis Anikin, Saratov, Russia; Historischer Forschungsverein der Deutschen aus Russland, Nuremberg, Germany; Landsmannschaft der Deutschen aus Russland, Stuttgart, Germany; the online newspaper, “Общественное мнение” [public opinion], Saratov, Russia; Anton and Vitaly Koshkin, Saratov, Russia. Richard Kisling, Petaluma, California, [email protected] This slide deck is available as a PDF on the conference website under the title “The Road to Warenburg Presentation, 2021 Conference.” It will be moved the Warenburg Village File on AHSGR’s new website when the site is launched the fall of 2021. Our Route | Unser Weg Presentation Resources Location Genealogy • On the Tarlyk River • Village Coordinators, Surname Charts, Surroundings Translated Records, Engels Archive • Between the Volga and the Steppe Warenburg in Print Church Topographic Maps and Aerial Photographs Village • Tips for Acquisition/Usage (all regions)* • From the Air • Matrix of Topographic Maps (Volga Region) • From the Ground Supplement The End of Warenburg • Church, Government, and Commerce • Deportation, September 18, 1941 • Insurrection of 1919 • Privolnoye’s (Warenburg’s) Last Germans • 1:200,000 Topographic Map • Leocadia Peterson (1924– ) Endnotes *Preliminary assessment of LOC’s map indices indicates extensive coverage of the Black Sea area, especially 1:50,000 scale maps. This slide deck is available as a PDF on the conference website under the title “The Road to Warenburg Presentation, 2021 Conference.” It will be moved the Warenburg Village File on AHSGR’s new website when the site is launched the fall of 2021. 3 Points of Interest| Sehenswürdigkeiten Along the way … | unterwegs … Interim Destinations | Zwischenziele • Maps—especially 1930s topographic maps from • Learning by all audiences: Warenburgers, AHSGR the USSR: symbols, labels, elevations veterans, newcomers • Historical and contemporary village photos, • Understand something about Warenburg’s newspaper headlines, statistics history, setting, and way of life • German reconnaissance photo from 1942 • Be able to compare Warenburg to other colonies • A few words in the German language you may know • Warenburg Middle School “Class of 1941” • Gain some experience with topographic • Leocadia Peterson maps and aerial photos • Alexander Bier (extensive writing) • Increase your knowledge and empathy • Alexander Schmal (photos, writing based on his regarding the Russian Germans diary) This slide deck is available as a PDF on the conference website under the title “The Road to Warenburg Presentation, 2021 Conference.” It will be moved the Warenburg Village File on AHSGR’s new website when the site is launched the fall of 2021. 4 The Location—on the Tarlyk Die Lage—am Tarlyk Tarlyk Colonies, Population, Land Holdings 5 MAP 1.0 Stumpp Map/Volga Colonies (excerpt) On the Tarlyk—am Tarlyk Warenburg was founded May 12, 1767, one of sixteen colonies established May–August by the recruiters LeRoy and Pictet. • These colonies were successively called LeRoy’s Second District, the Warenburg District, and then “on the Tarlyk” or am Tarlyk. • The Tarlyk River ran about 30 miles off the Steppe, flowed between Laub and Dinkel, joined the Volga River. Warenburg not named for its first Vorsteher, Johann Heiter (Geiter) • Example: the “colony of Vorsteher Straub” (Johann Heinrich Straub) became merely “Straub”—a widespread practice in the Volga colonies. • Warenburg was named by the recruiters, who warehoused goods— Waren—here for distribution, thus the name “Waren-burg.” • The colony was often called “Alt-Warenburg” (Old Warenburg) after it established daughter colonies called Neu-Warenburg (New Warenburg). • The Russian name was—and still is—Privolnoye. Warenburg was 50–50 Lutheran and Reform, unique in the colonies. Note: On this map, (e) indicates evangelisch, Evangelical or more generally, “Protestant”; (k) indicates katholisch, Catholic; (m) indicates mennonitisch, Mennonite; Kukkus and Seelmann are underscored twice, as they headed cantons in the Volga German Republic. This map, Stumpp’s 1:600,000 map from 1954, is available from AHSGR, “Map #06 Volga.” 6 MAP 1.1 Stumpp Map/Volga Colonies (excerpt edited) Tarlyk Neighborhood History Low point for the Tarlyk colonies in 1774 • August: the Pugachev rebels swept through these colonies from the north, stole horses, murdered colonists. • In Warenburg, they killed six, hanged Vorsteher Ihlner. Daughter • October: the Kirghiz-Kaizak attacked Hölzel, Leitsinger, Keller, and Colonies Seelmann; the number of those killed, abducted, missing was 438. • Leitsinger and Keller were destroyed; survivors re-built at Neu-Kolonie, downriver from Seelmann, in 1776. Mennonite colonies were settled 1854–1872 on the Lake Elton Salt Tract (“am Trakt”) mostly east of the Lake Elton Salt Road. Mennonite Colonies “am Trakt” • The extension of the salt road to Pokrovsk is not shown on the map. Neu-Warenburg ● Warenburg’s daughter colonies Ansiedlung Priwalnoje • Ansiedlung Priwalnoje and Neu-Warenburg on the Steppe ● • Neu-Warenburg, founded in 1902 just north of Seelmann, appears by its Russian name, Novoprivolnoye, on contemporary maps. Daughter Colonies Note: Added daughter colony names and locations from A. Mergenthaler’s 1:420,000 map, AHSGR ● Leitsinger “Map #04 Volga” ● Keller Tip: Use Google Maps/satellite view or Google Earth to see remnants of the original street grids of the several Tarlyk colonies that have been abandoned or relocated from their inundated original sites to higher ground. ● Neu-Kolonie 7 Population and Land MAP 2 Straub, Warenburg, Preuss | Warenburg’s Land Warenburg’s land encompassed some 48,650 acres (19,688 hectares) and extended Ten Most Populous Volga Colonies in 1912 17.4 miles (28 km) from the Volga River. The average width was 4.4 miles (7 km). This Colony 1772 1912 was about 76 square miles (197 square kilometers). 1. Norka 957 14,236 The three sections of land holdings shown below, from the west: 2. Katharinenstadt 283 11,962 • Holdings identified in the 1798 Census, extending 10.9 mi (17.5 km) from the Volga 3. Grimm 769 11,778 River • Additional lands likely acquired between 1798 and 1840 4. Frank 525 11,557 • Land east of the Lake Elton Salt Road, likely acquired after 1840 5. Balzer 479 11,110 6. Huck 380 9,600 7. Jagodnaja Poljana 402 8,845 8. Dönnhof 470 8,830 Straub 9. Warenburg 579 8,312 10. Seelmann 257 8,089 Of the almost 200 mother and daughter after 1798 Census 1798-1840 colonies in the Volga region, only three of the 1840 Old-Warenburg ten largest colonies were on the Meadow Side: • Katharinenstadt, which became successful with small industry and shipping; • Seelmann, which became large and wealthy because of grain shipping from its docks; • Warenburg, which did not industrialize and Preuss whose docks were impeded by the large sand island, but still remained large and wealthy. Base Map: Soviet 1:100,000 map from 1934, excerpt from Sheet M–38–45 (National Archives) 8 The Surroundings Die Umgebung Between the Volga and the Steppe—Flooding, Meadow, Orchards, Gardens, “Derlick” 9 10 MAP 3.0 Soviet 1:100,000 Map Excerpt from Sheet M–38–45 Primarily Symbols Straub The villages Straub and Old Warenburg Großer Graben | • Mountain Side (Bergseite) hills “Big Gully” • Volga River, sand island, “saton” • Meadow (Wiese), grassland, deciduous trees, many lakes and ponds • Country highway (Landstraße) • new north-south highway farther east • Orchards and cabbages Alt-Warenburg | Old Warenburg • apples and cherries south of Warenburg • cherries northeast of Warenburg • cabbage patches east of Warenburg (described near standing water) Dubovka • The vast steppe (farmland) to the east pitomnik | (plant) nursery Soviet 1:100,000 map from 1934 from Library of Congress (LOC) and AHSGR Tip: Use online Russian keyboard, online translator for short translations. 11 MAP 4.0 Soviet 1:50,000 Map Excerpt from Sheet M–38–45–A 1 Symbols and Labels Straub Grasses, lakes, deciduous trees on meadow ADD LOCATION OF OPENING2 PHOTO • The Tarlyk River labeled by name • joined the Volga seven miles north between 3 Laub and Dinkel 7 • also meandered southward through the 4 meadow past Straub and Warenburg • called the “Derlick” in Warenburg • Footpaths across the Derlick and meadow 5 6 • Buildings and infrastructure 1 pig collective 2 pigs 3 rabbits 4 summer khutors 5 wind/mechanical mills 8 6 standing water (cabbages) 7 orchards 7 Old Warenburg 8 cemetery (кладбище, kladbishche) 9 sheds (сараи, sarai), (plant) nursery (питомник, pitnomnik) (former fairgrounds) Soviet 1:50,000 map from 1932 available from LOC 9 Tip: Consult guides online for abbreviations and symbols. 12 Pre-1961 May–June Flood, Summer Meadow Before 1961, the Volga River at Late-May/early-June, the river The resulting meadow was used
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Industrialization of Housing Construction As a Tool for Sustainable Settlement and Rural Areas Development
    E3S Web of Conferences 164, 07010 (2020) https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf /202016407010 TPACEE-2019 Industrialization of housing construction as a tool for sustainable settlement and rural areas development Olga Popova1,*, Polina Antufieva1 , Vladimir Grebenshchikov2 and Mariya Balmashnova2 1Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov, 163002, Severnaya Dvina Emb., 17, Arkhangelsk, Russia 2 Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, 26, Yaroslavskoeshosse, 129337, Moscow, Russia Abstract. The development of the construction industry, conducting construction in accordance with standard projects, and transforming the construction materials industry in hard-to-reach and sparsely populated areas will make significant progress in solving the housing problem. Industrialization of housing construction is a catalyst for strong growth of the region’s economy and the quality of life of citizens. The purpose of this study is to develop a methodology for assessing the level of industrialization of the territory’s construction complex and its development potential for increasing the volume of low-rise housing stock. Research tasks: 1) assessment of the need to develop housing construction, including low-rise housing, on a particular territory; 2) development of a methodology for calculating the level of industrialization of construction in the area under consideration to determine the possibility of developing low-rise housing construction in this area in the proposed way; 3) approbation of the method using the example of rural areas of the Arkhangelsk region. It was revealed that the districts of the Arkhangelsk region have medium and low levels of industrialization. The districts that are most in need of an increase in the rate of housing construction have been identified.
    [Show full text]
  • American Historical Society of Germans from Russia
    Journal of the American Historical Society of Germans from Russia Fall 2019 Volume 42, No. 3 Editor, Robert Meininger Professor Emeritus, Nebraska Wesleyan University Editorial & Publications Coordinator, Allison Hunter-Frederick AHSGR Headquarters, Lincoln, Nebraska Editorial Board Irmgard Hein Ellingson Timothy J. Kloberdanz, Professor Emeritus Bukovina Society, Ellis, KA North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND Velma Jesser, Retired Educator Eric J. Schmaltz Calico Consulting, Las Cruces, NM Northwestern Oklahoma State University, Alva, OK William Keel University of Kansas, Lawrence, KA MISSION STATEMENTS The American Historical Society of Germans from Russia is an international organization whose mission is to discover, collect, perserve, and share the history, cultural heritage, and genealogical legacy of German settlers in the Russian Empire. The International Foundation of American Historical Society of Germans from Russia is responsible for exercising financial stewardship to generate, manage, and allocate resources which advance the mission and assist in securing the future of AHSGR. Cover Illustration A Lutheran church in the Village of Jost. Photo provided by Olga Litzenburg. To learn more, see page 1. Contents Jost (Jost, Obernberg, Popovkina, Popovkino; no longer existing) By Dr. Olga Litzenberger....................................................................................................................................1 Maternal Instincts By Christine Antinori ..........................................................................................................................................7
    [Show full text]
  • Journal American Historical Society of Germans from Russia
    Journal of the American Historical Society of Germans from Russia Winter 1998 Volume 21. No. 4 Editor JO ANN KUHR AHSGR Headquarters, Lincoln, Nebraska Editorial Board IRMGARD HEDM ELLINGSON PETER J.KLASSEN Bukovina Society, Ellis, K.S California State University, Fresno ARTHUR E.FLEGEL TIMOTHY KLOBERDANZ Certified Genealogist, Menio Park, CA North Dakota State University, Fargo ADAM GIESINGER GEORGE KUFELDT University of Manitoba, Canada, emeritus Anderson University, Indiana, emeritus CHRIS LOVETT NANCY BERNHARDT HOLLAND Emporia State University, Kansas Trinity College, Burlington, VT LEONAPFEIFER WILLIAM KEEL Fort Hays State University, Kansas, emeritus University of Kansas, Lawrence On the cover: Wearing a traditional Russian fur hat, en- tertainer John Denver stands outside the U.S. Embassy in Moscow, Russia, 1984. He The Journal of the American Historical Society of Germans from Russia is published quarterly by AHSGR. was one of the first American recording Members of the Society receive a quarterly Journal and Newsletter. Members qualify for discounts on artists to be allowed to do a public concert in material available for purchase from AHSGR. Membership categories are: Individual, $50; the former USSR. John Denver used this Family, $50; Contributing. $75; Sustaining. $100; Life, $750. Memberships are based on a calendar year, due each January I. Dues in excess of $50 may be tax-deductible as allowed by law. Applications for membership photo for a Christmas card that he sent out should be sent to AHSGR, 631 D Street, Lincoln, NE 68502-1199. to friends and relatives. (Picture by Norman The Journal welcomes the submission of articles, essays, family histories, anecdotes, folklore, book Gershman.
    [Show full text]
  • Balakovo NPP: Supply of Safety Related Steam Blow Off Valves Type BRU-A
    Balakovo NPP: Supply of safety related steam blow off valves type BRU-A Description Introduction Balakovo nuclear power station (Russian: Балаковская АЭС) is located in the city of Balakovo, Saratov Oblast, Russia, about 900 kilometers south-east of Moscow. It consists of four operational reactors. Owner and operator of the nuclear power station is Rosenergoatom. The plant has four VVER-1000 reactors (1000 MW each). All units are VVER- 1000 model V320. These units were connected to the grid in May 1986 and January 1988 for Units 1 and 2 and in April 1989 and December 1993 for units 3 and 4. Background The On-Site Assistance (OSA) programmes are a corner stone of the Tacis nuclear safety co- operation with the Russian Federation. Companies or consortia with experience of NPP operation in the EU are contracted by the EC to work on site at a nuclear power plant of the Beneficiary country. The aims are to provide the transfer of know-how, in particular through soft assistance, which addresses the human element of safety (i.e. safety culture, quality assurance, maintenance, management and training,…) and to upgrade the safety of the plant through the supply of equipment. At the time of this contract, OSA contracts were in place at seven NPPs in Russia (Kola, Balakovo, Kalinin, Leningrad, Smolensk, Beloyarsk and Novovoronezh). BRU-A valves are used to dump steam from steam generators to the atmosphere in case turbine is not available and steam pressure is too high. Each unit is equipped with 4 steam dump valves, one for each main steam line.
    [Show full text]
  • (Diptera: Scathophagidae) of Russia Обзор Видов Рода Trichopalpus
    Russian Entomol. J. 28(4): 470–484 © RUSSIAN ENTOMOLOGICAL JOURNAL, 2019 A review of the genus Trichopalpus Rondani, 1856 (Diptera: Scathophagidae) of Russia Îáçîð âèäîâ ðîäà Trichopalpus Rondani, 1856 (Diptera: Scathophagidae) ôàóíû Ðîññèè A.L. Ozerov À.Ë. Îçåðîâ Zoological Museum, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Bol’shaya Nikitskaya 2, Moscow 125009, Russia. E-mail: [email protected] Зоологический музей, Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова, Большая Никитская ул., 2, Москва 125009, Россия. KEY WORDS: Diptera, Scathophagidae, Trichopalpus, Russia, review, new synonyms, new combination, key. КЛЮЧЕВЫЕ СЛОВА: Diptera, Scathophagidae, Trichopalpus, Россия, обзор, новые синонимы, новая комбинация, определительная таблица. ABSTRACT. Flies of the genus Trichopalpus Ron- punctipes Meigen, 1826. Becker [1894] as well as dani, 1856 of Russia, which includes 6 species, are Rondani considered these both species in the genus reviewed. Generic and species descriptions and keys Trichopalpus. Coquillett [1898] described the genus for determination of species are given, and data on Chaetosa, transferred punctipes to this genus and desi- distributions are summarized. Two new synonyms are gnated this species as type-species of Chaetosa. In the proposed: Chaetosa Coquillett, 1898 and Huckettia same work, he described another genus, Opsiomyia, Vockeroth, 1995 with Trichopalpus Rondani, 1856. with the North American species O. palpalis Coquil- Microprosopa lacteipennis Ringdahl, 1920 is trans- lett, 1898. Curran [1927] described the species nigriba- ferred to the genus Trichopalpus. sis Curran, 1927 in the genus Trichopalpus. Ringdahl [1936] described the species pilirostris Ringdahl, 1936 РЕЗЮМЕ. Дан обзор двукрылых рода Tricho- in the genus Chaetosa. He also described the subgenus palpus Rondani, 1856 фауны России, включающего Paramicroprosopa with the species subarctica Ring- 6 видов.
    [Show full text]
  • Client Satisfaction with Home Care Services in Rural Russia
    K:\IAC\THogan\EMAIL INCOMING\NEW REPORTS TO WORK ON\DKosmynin\New Deliverable\07274- 332.rpt.doc CLIENT SATISFACTION WITH HOME CARE SERVICES IN RURAL RUSSIA Prepared for Prepared by Raymond Struyk, Alexandra Alexandrova, Igor Belyakov, and Kirill Chagin Improved Local Governance and Economic Development: Transition to Smart Growth United States Agency for International Development Contract No. 118-A-00-01-00135-00 THE URBAN INSTITUTE 2100 M Street, NW Washington, DC 20037 (202) 833-7200 July 2004 www.urban.org UI Project 07274-332 TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT........................................................................................................................................II CONTEXT..........................................................................................................................................2 ASSESSMENT METHOD ....................................................................................................................2 RESULTS ..........................................................................................................................................9 CONCLUSIONS................................................................................................................................12 REFERENCES .................................................................................................................................14 Mr. Struyk is a Senior Fellow at the Urban Institute, Washington. The other authors are, respectively, Director of Social Sector Research, Senior
    [Show full text]
  • Converting Former Soviet Chemical Weapons Plants
    Jonathan B. Tucker ince Russia possesses the world’s largest stockpile This essay lays out a brief history of the CWPF con- of chemical weapons (CW)—a declared total of version issue and the contending U.S. and Russian posi- S40,000 metric tons—Russian ratification and tions. It then suggests a compromise approach based on implementation of the 1993 Chemical Weapons Conven- industrial joint ventures that would enable Moscow to tion (CWC) will be critical to the success of the global convert its former CWPFs in an economic manner, while chemical disarmament and non- satisfying the concerns of proliferation regime. To date, the United States and other however, Moscow’s ratification VIEWPOINT: countries that conversion be has been delayed by political, irreversible and verifiable. economic, and environmental CONVERTING FORMER concerns associated with CW CW PRODUCTION destruction and the conversion SOVIET CHEMICAL ACTIVITIES of former Soviet chemical weapon production facilities WEAPONS PLANTS Before, during, and after (CWPFs) to legitimate com- World War II, the Soviet by Jonathan B. Tucker mercial activities.1 Union produced many tens of thousands of tons of chemi- Whereas American CWPFs cal weapons (both blister were all single-purpose military facilities that have lain and nerve agents) at multiple facilities, most of them in dormant for years, former Soviet CWPFs are integrated the Volga River basin.4 On April 10, 1987, President into large civilian chemical production complexes and Mikhail Gorbachev declared that the Soviet Union would share the same industrial infrastructure. For example, sev- henceforth cease all development and production of CW eral buildings that once produced nerve agents are em- agents.
    [Show full text]
  • Investment Passport of the Saratov Region Investment Passport of the Saratov Region
    INVESTMENT PASSPORT OF THE SARATOV REGION INVESTMENT PASSPORT OF THE SARATOV REGION LADIES AND GENTLEMEN! The main priorities for the Saratov region are and will be a sustainable economy, investment attraction, creating a de- veloped infrastructure, and the well-being of its residents. Today, we are actively building new roads, industrial enter- prises, schools, and medical centers. We are setting the re- cords in agriculture and successfully solving the problem of import substitution, entering the foreign markets. Among our strong points are cutting-edge ideas, innovations, and power- ful production grounds and human resources. The region has a consistent investment policy. Together with our partner, the agency for strategic initiatives, we have developed new stan- 2 CREATE WITH SARATOV dards and roadmaps for working with investors. JSC “The Saratov region development Corporation” and the annual Saratov economic forum «Moving only forward!» also contribute to improving the business climate. We also associate the fulfillment of the huge investment potential of the region with the implementation of major infrastructure projects – a new modern Gagarin airport was intro- duced in 2019, TOSER operates in the single-industry town of Petrovsk, Saratov agglomeration, and a special economic zone was created in 2020. These and many other projects set the modern spatial and economic development of the territories of municipalities, using their advantages, providing em- ployment, increasing the well-being of people. All this great work gives significant
    [Show full text]
  • Download Article
    Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 283 International Conference on Contemporary Education, Social Sciences and Ecological Studies (CESSES 2018) The Meaning of the Phytotoxicity of the Soils of Transformational Landscapes in the Southeast of Russia Nikolai Larionov Maxim Larionov School No.2 Urban District Kotelniki Balashov Institute of Saratov State University Novaya Street, 39 K. Marx Street, 29 Kotelniki, Moscow region, Russian Federation 140054 Balashov, Saratov region, Russian Federation 412300 E-mail: [email protected] Irina Siraeva Tatiana Gromova Saratov State University Saratov State University Astrakhanskaya Street, 83 Astrakhanskaya Street, 83 Saratov, Russian Federation 410012 Saratov, Russian Federation 410012 Anna Ermolenko Tatiana Zavidovskaya Saratov State University Borisoglebsk Branch of Voronezh State University Astrakhanskaya Street, 83 Narodnaya Street, 43 Saratov, Russian Federation 410012 Borisoglebsk, Russian Federation 397160 Abstract—The levels of the phytotoxicity of soils in different Unfortunately, the areas of transformational landscapes territorial objects of urban landscapes in the south east of are constantly expanding especially because of expanding Russia (using the example of towns of Saratov and Voronezh transport net, environmental management, the development regions) are defined. The levels of degradation of soils using of agriculture, in the process of urbanization. Technogenic the indicators of phytotoxicity are defined with singling out pressing on environment is generally increasing both in zones of ecological trouble. A conclusion is made about a Russia and in the world [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] necessity of ensuring ecological safety in the zones of joint [11] [12] [13]. Especially strong it manifests itself in such influence of motor transport and stationary sources of transformational landscapes as cities and their suburban pollution of Saratov and Voronezh regions in the context of districts [14] [15].
    [Show full text]
  • Green Cross Russia and the Destruction of Chemical Weapons
    GREEN CROSS RUSSIA AND THE DESTRUCTION OF CHEMICAL WEAPONS Professor Sergei Baranovsky Executive Director, Green Cross Russia As Russia’s preparations to ratify the Chemical Weap- A Presidential Decree of 24 March 1995 requires that all ons Convention and to begin the destruction of its chemical chemical weapons destruction be conducted in the regions weapons enter their final stages, it becomes essential that where the weapons are presently stored, comprising 7 sites there be a credible independent source of information on the within the Russian Federation. The decree also created a problems of chemical weapons destruction. Green Cross high-level Interdepartmental Commission on Chemical Russia is attempting to develop such information and to Disarmament to oversee and expedite Russia’s chemical make it available for public education and for the design demilitarization activities. and evaluation of chemical weapons destruction measures As a first step, CHEMTRUST developed a computer- that protect public health and ensure ecological safety. ized data base containing geological, ecological, demo- Green Cross Russia is an affiliate of Green Cross Inter- graphic, medical and other information for analysis of national, an international organization with offices in 18 possible risks associated with the stockpile of 6400 tons of countries working to bring together decision-makers, inde- lewisite (an arsenic-containing blister agent) stored in bulk pendent experts and grassroots movements from all sectors containers at a site near the town of
    [Show full text]
  • Germans from Russia and Eastern Europe Settlement Locations
    GERMANS FROM RUSSIA AND EASTERN EUROPE SETTLEMENT LOCATIONS TABLE OF CONTENTS German - Russian Settlement Map, courtesy of Mitch Roll .......................................................... Page 3 Belowesch area Colonies (6), currently in the Ukraine ................................................................... Page 4 Beresan area Colonies (105), currently in the Ukraine ................................................................... Page 4 Bessarabian area Colonies (205), currently in the Ukraine and Moldova ...................................... Page 7 Bukovina area Colonies (65), currently in Romainia and the Ukraine. .......................................... Page 15 Caucasus area Colonies (220), currently in Russia, Georgia and Azerbaijan ................................ Page 17 Central Asian Colonies (23), currently in Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan & Tajikistan .. Page 24 Chortitza area Colonies (125), currently in the Ukraine ................................................................. Page 25 Crimean - Krim area Colonies (294), currently in the Ukraine (de jure), Russia (de facto). ........ Page 30 Dobrudscha area Colonies (75), currently in Romainia and Bulgaria. ........................................... Page 40 Don Cossacks area Colonies (181), currently in the Ukraine and Russia ....................................... Page 42 Early Black Sea area Colonies (4), currently in the Ukraine .......................................................... Page 49 Galizien area Colonies (462), currently
    [Show full text]
  • Continuity and Revitalisation in Sacrificial Rituals by the Eastern Udmurt
    https://doi.org/10.7592/FEJF2018.72.udmurt1 CONTINUITY AND REVITALISATION IN SACRIFICIAL RITUALS BY THE EASTERN UDMURT PART I. THE COLLECTIVE SACRIFICIAL RITUALS BY THE BASHKORTOSTAN UDMURT: ROOTED IN TRADITION Eva Toulouze Institut National des Langues et Civilisations Orientales, Paris, France Department of Ethnology, University of Tartu, Estonia e-mail: [email protected] Ranus Sadikov Department of Ethnography, Kuzeev Institute of Ethnological Research Ufa Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia e-mail: [email protected] Laur Vallikivi Department of Ethnology, University of Tartu, Estonia e-mail: [email protected] Liivo Niglas Department of Ethnology, University of Tartu, Estonia e-mail: [email protected] Nikolai Anisimov Department of Folkloristics, Estonian Literary Museum, Estonia e-mail: [email protected] Abstract: This article focuses on a marginal Udmurt group living in Bashkortostan, which has retained, in a Muslim environment, its original Udmurt religious practice. In some places, in spite of decades of anti-religious Soviet policy, the Udmurt were able to pursue their traditional rituals, thus warranting full continuity of their practice. In other places, the tradition was discontinued for some longer or briefer periods. But everywhere there has been a revival at the end of the twentieth and the beginning of the twenty-first centuries. The aim of this article, which is based on the authors’ fieldwork in one district, is to examine http://www.folklore.ee/folklore/vol72/udmurt1.pdf Eva Toulouze, Ranus Sadikov, Laur Vallikivi, Liivo Niglas, Nikolai Anisimov these processes and analyse them. In the first instalment, we introduce the geographic, cultural and mostly historic context explaining the resilience of the Udmurt religious practice.
    [Show full text]