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The Cult of Asklepios by Alice Walton Ph.D

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The Cult of Asklepios by Alice Walton Ph.D " (tornell (university Ithaca , n ew morn CORNELL STUDIES C LASS ICA I P H ILO I OGY E D ITE D B Y IN I E W EE LE R C H A R LE E DW IN B E N N E TT BE N J A M D H , S , I A N D GEOR GE P R EN T IC E B R S TOL, A LF R E D E M E R S ON N 1 1 1 o . TH E CULT OF ASKLEPIOS BY A LIC E WA LT O N P H . D . PUBLISHED FOR TH E U N IVERS ITY BY GIN N C OM PAN Y 1 894 COPY RIG H T 1 , 894 BY COR N ELL U N IVERSITY A LL R IGH TS RBSB RVB D (t he a tbenwum 1mm GINN COMPA NY, BOSTON. U . S . A. P R E F A E C . IN w r it in g u pon a su bject so familiar to the stude n t of Gr e e k u ffi u f o llo w i n life as the C lt of Asklepios, it is di c lt to avoid g in the lines of Work already done . Most of the material u po n w hic h the following pages are based has been worked over u x and over . The res lts of the e cavations in the Athenian A l e ie io n - E idau r ia n sk p are well known , and the p steles are If no longer recent discoveries . the resu lts of investigation h u x u r are practically t ose of previo s research , the e c se for e working old material may be fou nd in the method of their u u arrangement . U pon single feat res of the rit al of Asklepios F E m u ch has been written in German , in rench , and in nglish b u t no one has as yet attempted a general descriptive treat ment of the cult as a whole . The facts are stated by Th ra e m e r ’ in the article Asklepios in Ro sc h e r s Lexicon of Greek and R u oman Mythology in s ggestive rather than narrative form , ’ u while Girard s work is complete only for the c lt in Athens . It has been my aim to give in narrative form the results obtained by a carefu l comparison of material from the diff erent h x localities, and also to s ow by means of inde es what material is u sed . The treatment is of necessity brief, as the work is m . not a series of onographs The arrangement is topical , and so far as possible chronological . At the end of the narrative a re x u u two inde es , one of all sions to Asklepios and his c lt in L u Greek and atin literat re and inscriptions , and the second vi PREFA C E . is a classification of the localities in which the cu lt is known x n x or s upposed to have e isted . The i de es overlap in many b e instances , and it cannot claimed that they contain all the u material which might have been sed . The aim has been to make them exhau stive so far as concerns the inscriptions u and important au thors . The mon mentary evidence has been u b u t sed freely in the body of the work, there is no attempt at a systematic collection of this material , as it was felt that it u is a task for the st dent of art rather than of literat u re . There is added an index of topics and names which refers both to the u x disc ssion and the main inde es . In n u u the spelling of proper o ns , the Greek form is sed, except in the cases of su ch as are thorou ghly and familiarly anglicized . I take this opport u nity of expressing my hearty thanks to Ide W Dr . Benjamin heeler of Cornell U niversity for his kindly u th e interest and advice d ring the preparation of work, and to h L h a s Professor Theodor Sc reiber of eipzig, who critically read u ff the man script and o ered many valu able su ggestions . LE IP Z I n G u e I8 . , J , 93 C O N T E N T S . CH A PTER I. PA GE A SK LE P IOS A S K N O WN To CH A PT ER II. A S K LE P IO S A S A N EA RT H T E CH A P R III. T H E S A N CT UA R IES O F A S K LE PIO S H A T C F ER IV . A ’ I‘T E N D A N T S O F T H E A T CH P ER V . C P C IN T H E A S K LE P E M ED I A L RO E DU RE I IA . CHA PT ER V I. PU B L IC C E RE M O N IA L A PT E V CH R II. R IT UA L O F T H E IN D IVIDUA L EN T C ON T S . P A GE D I S I TIO N S II. L IT ERAT U R E A N N C R P ' ‘ III. LO C A L IIIES O P B IB LIOG RA PH Y IN D EX O F N A M ES A N D TO PIC S F THE CULT O ASKLEPIOS. T C HA P ER I. WN T O H OM A S K LE P IOS A S K N O E R . IN Homer, Apollo and not Asklepios is the god of health , tho u gh only so far as to send or abate pestilences . The divine 1 physician is Paian , the attendant of the gods, who heals Hades 2 In and Ares . the Odyssey every physician is said to be of the 3 u x race of Paian , which Aristarch s e plains by saying that the ’ b u t physician s art is from Apollo , his descent from Paian . 4 Hesiod makes a distinction between the two . Paian is b u t occasionally mentioned later than Homer, the name is u sed as an epithet of Apollo or of other deities who are con n e c t e d with healing, as Asklepios and Athena, and then by an “ ” “ x n a e tension of meani g from healer to savior, it was p plied to Dionysos 5 and Thanatos 6 and occasionally even to y ‘ Th e H a u i v men . forms of the word are variants of , which H e syc h iu s explai n s as a hymn su ng to Apollo to avert a pesti n u se le ce . Hence the of the word as a form of address to 8 Apollo and Asklepios . 1 ' a dew «i vl 8 r 6 v . d. 7 t a a éa w 66 a E 1 . H a c w v Ir a s s. c h E 40 fl p , S 40 1 . 2 E 900 . 3 6 2 3 2 . ' ' ' 4 ' ' 6Ia ¢épet 6 H a tflw v w s Ita l H a lo ¢509 ua pr vpei 6 1 p) ; <I>o IBo S ' ' Q ’ ' ' ' 1 r IIa 3 w d w a ‘r e ( ri vd r o to d a uw et a t r b Iu w I : 076 . In r éx Oa s S n 0 . S c h 6 2 2 , ) , D p/ a 3 k h ff e l F r a . C C X X . e d . M a r c s c e H e s . , g 5 Or h . Il m n . 2 I I . p y 5 , 6 A h l . Fr a . Eu r ip . IIipp . I373 ; e s c y g m s 7 L . I . Pl u t . ys 8 8 h u f . I I f t i id d D n d rf . Exa m o e se o m u a A r s . e i o le s ch as n e i e a r e t , S 4, 7 p p th t ’ u n A1 r 6)\h w v IL Se li n u n tia n i n sc i i o n C o llit z 0 Or o o f re e r s Pa u s . I. q t ; , pt , , 3 47; p , 2 TH E CU LT OF A S KLEPIOS . I b u t Asklepios is mentioned in the liad three times, nowhere h in the Odyssey . He appears only as the father of Mac aon ” Po dale ir io s and , and twice is called the blameless physician . The two sons of Asklepios led them, goodly physicians, ” 1 P d l ir i s Machaon and o a e o . Call Machaon hither, the son of Asklepios, the blameless 2 physician . s Machaon went be ide, the son of Asklepios, the blameless ” 3 physician . In u the A skle iadae Tr ikka the Catalog e, p led the forces from , I fi thome and Oichalia, the rst two of which lay in western A l Thessaly .
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